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  • What is the best resizable circular byte buffer available in Java?

    - by Wouter Lievens
    I need a byte buffer class in Java for single-threaded use. I should be able to insert data at the back of the buffer and read data at the front, with an amortized cost of O(1). The buffer should resize when it's full, rather than throw an exception or something. I could write one myself, but I'd be very surprised if this didn't exist yet in a standard Java package, and if it doesn't, I'd expect it to exist in some well-tested public library. What would you recommend?

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  • What is the justification for Python's power operator associating to the right?

    - by Pieter Müller
    I am writing code to parse mathematical expression strings, and noticed that the order in which chained power operators are evaluated in Python differs from the order in Excel. From http://docs.python.org/reference/expressions.html: "Thus, in an unparenthesized sequence of power and unary operators, the operators are evaluated from right to left (this does not constrain the evaluation order for the operands): -1*2 results in -1."* This means that, in Python: 2**2**3 is evaluated as 2**(2**3) = 2**8 = 256 In Excel, it works the other way around: 2^2^3 is evaluated as (2^2)^3 = 4^3 = 64 I now have to choose an implementation for my own parser. The Excel order is easier to implement, as it mirrors the evaluation order of multiplication. I asked some people around the office what their gut feel was for the evaluation of 2^2^3 and got mixed responses. Does anybody know of any good reasons or conciderations in favour of the Python implementation? And if you don't have an answer, please comment with the result you get from gut feel - 64 or 256?

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  • Enable Configurator for Return Orders

    - by ChristineS-Oracle
    With release 12.2.4 for non-referenced RMAs, Order Management will allow you to configure the model from Sales Order / Quick Sales Order windows. This is only allowable when profile  OM: Enable Configuration UI for RMA is set to Yes.  All selected options must be returnable, as well as all included items. Order Management explodes included items and creates options and option classes in a way similar to outbound orders. The application creates all selected components with same line number but different option/component number.  Additionally, the application does not allow re-configuration and/or deletion of any line if any line in the same configuration is received, fulfilled, closed, cancelled, or split. For additional information refer to the Oracle Order Management Release Notes for Release 12.2.4 (Doc ID 1906521.1).

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  • Read varbinary data in java

    - by masoud farahani
    I made a Java application which reads some files from SQL server. Those files are saved to a varbinary(MAX) field in SQL Server by a third party web service. My problem is that when I want to read those files with my Java application, those binary data show different content in the Java application. In fact, I read data byte by byte and I figured out that some bytes did not show the real values which were saved in the database. I found out what the problem is, but I couldn’t find a solution yet. I found out that in the web service every varbinary data is saved to database as byte data (in .Net each byte takes 0 to 255). But, when I want to read the binary data in Java, it takes different values and cause an exception with some values, because in Java a byte value takes -127 to 127. In my Java application I want to write those data to a file by OutputStream.write(byte[]) method. How can I solve this problem? I think that I have to find a way to convert c# byte[] to a Java byte[] (or binary data), but how can I do that?

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  • How Byte loading/storing is implemented By the CPU?

    - by AlexDan
    I know that in 32bit machine, cpu read from memory 32bits at a time. since the registers in this case is 32bit in size too, I can understand how this works. What I don't understand is how the cpu implement load instructions of 1 byte. does it load the whole word where the single byte is located to the register, then perform some kind of "byte shifting", or does the cpu can load a single byte, in this case when does the byte masking happen, is it until the byte got loaded in the register, or it happen when byte is send through the data bus ? P.S. The cpu Im using is MIPS, the instructions Im talking about are: lb or lbu

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  • emacs hexl-mode insert or delete a byte

    - by Oleg Pavliv
    How can I insert or delete a byte in hexl-mode? Suppose I have a 3-byte file "123" which is displayed as "3132 33" in hexl-mode. How can I add a byte to get "1234"? How can I remove a byte to get "12"? Using C-M-x and similar shortcuts I can replace a byte, but I want to insert and delete.

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  • How to calculate Least Signficant Byte in Ruby

    - by Seth Archer
    I'm sending a byte array to a piece of hardware. The first 7 bytes contain data and the 8th byte is a checksum. The 8th byte is the Least Significant Byte of the sum of the first 7 bytes. Examples that include the correct checksum. The last byte of each of these is the checksum 200-30-7-5-1-2-0-245 42-0-0-1-176-0-148-39 42-0-0-3-177-0-201-118 How do I calculate the checksum? Thanks, Seth

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  • Representing a number in a byte array (java programming)

    - by Mark Roberts
    I'm trying to represent the port number 9876 (or 0x2694 in hex) in a two byte array: class foo { public static void main (String args[]) { byte[] sendData = new byte[1]; sendData[0] = 0x26; sendData[1] = 0x94; } } But I get a warning about possible loss of precision: foo.java:5: possible loss of precision found : int required: byte sendData[1] = 0x94; ^ 1 error How can I represent the number 9876 in a two byte array without losing precision?

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  • JAVA image transfer problem

    - by user579098
    Hi, I have a school assignment, to send a jpg image,split it into groups of 100 bytes, corrupt it, use a CRC check to locate the errors and re-transmit until it eventually is built back into its original form. It's practically ready, however when I check out the new images, they appear with errors.. I would really appreciate if someone could look at my code below and maybe locate this logical mistake as I can't understand what the problem is because everything looks ok :S For the file with all the data needed including photos and error patterns one could download it from this link:http://rapidshare.com/#!download|932tl2|443122762|Data.zip|739 Thanks in advance, Stefan p.s dont forget to change the paths in the code for the image and error files package networks; import java.io.*; // for file reader import java.util.zip.CRC32; // CRC32 IEEE (Ethernet) public class Main { /** * Reads a whole file into an array of bytes. * @param file The file in question. * @return Array of bytes containing file data. * @throws IOException Message contains why it failed. */ public static byte[] readFileArray(File file) throws IOException { InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file); byte[] data=new byte[(int)file.length()]; is.read(data); is.close(); return data; } /** * Writes (or overwrites if exists) a file with data from an array of bytes. * @param file The file in question. * @param data Array of bytes containing the new file data. * @throws IOException Message contains why it failed. */ public static void writeFileArray(File file, byte[] data) throws IOException { OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(file,false); os.write(data); os.close(); } /** * Converts a long value to an array of bytes. * @param data The target variable. * @return Byte array conversion of data. * @see http://www.daniweb.com/code/snippet216874.html */ public static byte[] toByta(long data) { return new byte[] { (byte)((data >> 56) & 0xff), (byte)((data >> 48) & 0xff), (byte)((data >> 40) & 0xff), (byte)((data >> 32) & 0xff), (byte)((data >> 24) & 0xff), (byte)((data >> 16) & 0xff), (byte)((data >> 8) & 0xff), (byte)((data >> 0) & 0xff), }; } /** * Converts a an array of bytes to long value. * @param data The target variable. * @return Long value conversion of data. * @see http://www.daniweb.com/code/snippet216874.html */ public static long toLong(byte[] data) { if (data == null || data.length != 8) return 0x0; return (long)( // (Below) convert to longs before shift because digits // are lost with ints beyond the 32-bit limit (long)(0xff & data[0]) << 56 | (long)(0xff & data[1]) << 48 | (long)(0xff & data[2]) << 40 | (long)(0xff & data[3]) << 32 | (long)(0xff & data[4]) << 24 | (long)(0xff & data[5]) << 16 | (long)(0xff & data[6]) << 8 | (long)(0xff & data[7]) << 0 ); } public static byte[] nextNoise(){ byte[] result=new byte[100]; // copy a frame's worth of data (or remaining data if it is less than frame length) int read=Math.min(err_data.length-err_pstn, 100); System.arraycopy(err_data, err_pstn, result, 0, read); // if read data is less than frame length, reset position and add remaining data if(read<100){ err_pstn=100-read; System.arraycopy(err_data, 0, result, read, err_pstn); }else // otherwise, increase position err_pstn+=100; // return noise segment return result; } /** * Given some original data, it is purposefully corrupted according to a * second data array (which is read from a file). In pseudocode: * corrupt = original xor corruptor * @param data The original data. * @return The new (corrupted) data. */ public static byte[] corruptData(byte[] data){ // get the next noise sequence byte[] noise = nextNoise(); // finally, xor data with noise and return result for(int i=0; i<100; i++)data[i]^=noise[i]; return data; } /** * Given an array of data, a packet is created. In pseudocode: * frame = corrupt(data) + crc(data) * @param data The original frame data. * @return The resulting frame data. */ public static byte[] buildFrame(byte[] data){ // pack = [data]+crc32([data]) byte[] hash = new byte[8]; // calculate crc32 of data and copy it to byte array CRC32 crc = new CRC32(); crc.update(data); hash=toByta(crc.getValue()); // create a byte array holding the final packet byte[] pack = new byte[data.length+hash.length]; // create the corrupted data byte[] crpt = new byte[data.length]; crpt = corruptData(data); // copy corrupted data into pack System.arraycopy(crpt, 0, pack, 0, crpt.length); // copy hash into pack System.arraycopy(hash, 0, pack, data.length, hash.length); // return pack return pack; } /** * Verifies frame contents. * @param frame The frame data (data+crc32). * @return True if frame is valid, false otherwise. */ public static boolean verifyFrame(byte[] frame){ // allocate hash and data variables byte[] hash=new byte[8]; byte[] data=new byte[frame.length-hash.length]; // read frame into hash and data variables System.arraycopy(frame, frame.length-hash.length, hash, 0, hash.length); System.arraycopy(frame, 0, data, 0, frame.length-hash.length); // get crc32 of data CRC32 crc = new CRC32(); crc.update(data); // compare crc32 of data with crc32 of frame return crc.getValue()==toLong(hash); } /** * Transfers a file through a channel in frames and reconstructs it into a new file. * @param jpg_file File name of target file to transfer. * @param err_file The channel noise file used to simulate corruption. * @param out_file The name of the newly-created file. * @throws IOException */ public static void transferFile(String jpg_file, String err_file, String out_file) throws IOException { // read file data into global variables jpg_data = readFileArray(new File(jpg_file)); err_data = readFileArray(new File(err_file)); err_pstn = 0; // variable that will hold the final (transfered) data byte[] out_data = new byte[jpg_data.length]; // holds the current frame data byte[] frame_orig = new byte[100]; byte[] frame_sent = new byte[100]; // send file in chunks (frames) of 100 bytes for(int i=0; i<Math.ceil(jpg_data.length/100); i++){ // copy jpg data into frame and init first-time switch System.arraycopy(jpg_data, i*100, frame_orig, 0, 100); boolean not_first=false; System.out.print("Packet #"+i+": "); // repeat getting same frame until frame crc matches with frame content do { if(not_first)System.out.print("F"); frame_sent=buildFrame(frame_orig); not_first=true; }while(!verifyFrame(frame_sent)); // usually, you'd constrain this by time to prevent infinite loops (in // case the channel is so wacked up it doesn't get a single packet right) // copy frame to image file System.out.println("S"); System.arraycopy(frame_sent, 0, out_data, i*100, 100); } System.out.println("\nDone."); writeFileArray(new File(out_file),out_data); } // global variables for file data and pointer public static byte[] jpg_data; public static byte[] err_data; public static int err_pstn=0; public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { // list of jpg files String[] jpg_file={ "C:\\Users\\Stefan\\Desktop\\Data\\Images\\photo1.jpg", "C:\\Users\\Stefan\\Desktop\\Data\\Images\\photo2.jpg", "C:\\Users\\Stefan\\Desktop\\Data\\Images\\photo3.jpg", "C:\\Users\\Stefan\\Desktop\\Data\\Images\\photo4.jpg" }; // list of error patterns String[] err_file={ "C:\\Users\\Stefan\\Desktop\\Data\\Error Pattern\\Error Pattern 1.DAT", "C:\\Users\\Stefan\\Desktop\\Data\\Error Pattern\\Error Pattern 2.DAT", "C:\\Users\\Stefan\\Desktop\\Data\\Error Pattern\\Error Pattern 3.DAT", "C:\\Users\\Stefan\\Desktop\\Data\\Error Pattern\\Error Pattern 4.DAT" }; // loop through all jpg/channel combinations and run tests for(int x=0; x<jpg_file.length; x++){ for(int y=0; y<err_file.length; y++){ System.out.println("Transfering photo"+(x+1)+".jpg using Pattern "+(y+1)+"..."); transferFile(jpg_file[x],err_file[y],jpg_file[x].replace("photo","CH#"+y+"_photo")); } } } }

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  • Error "Input length must be multiple of 8 when decrypting with padded cipher"

    - by Ross Peoples
    I am trying to move a project from C# to Java for a learning exercise. I am still very new to Java, but I have a TripleDES class in C# that encrypts strings and returns a string value of the encrypted byte array. Here is my C# code: using System; using System.IO; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Security.Cryptography; using System.Text; namespace tDocc.Classes { /// <summary> /// Triple DES encryption class /// </summary> public static class TripleDES { private static byte[] key = { 110, 32, 73, 24, 125, 66, 75, 18, 79, 150, 211, 122, 213, 14, 156, 136, 171, 218, 119, 240, 81, 142, 23, 4 }; private static byte[] iv = { 25, 117, 68, 23, 99, 78, 231, 219 }; /// <summary> /// Encrypt a string to an encrypted byte array /// </summary> /// <param name="plainText">Text to encrypt</param> /// <returns>Encrypted byte array</returns> public static byte[] Encrypt(string plainText) { UTF8Encoding utf8encoder = new UTF8Encoding(); byte[] inputInBytes = utf8encoder.GetBytes(plainText); TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider tdesProvider = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider(); ICryptoTransform cryptoTransform = tdesProvider.CreateEncryptor(key, iv); MemoryStream encryptedStream = new MemoryStream(); CryptoStream cryptStream = new CryptoStream(encryptedStream, cryptoTransform, CryptoStreamMode.Write); cryptStream.Write(inputInBytes, 0, inputInBytes.Length); cryptStream.FlushFinalBlock(); encryptedStream.Position = 0; byte[] result = new byte[encryptedStream.Length]; encryptedStream.Read(result, 0, (int)encryptedStream.Length); cryptStream.Close(); return result; } /// <summary> /// Decrypt a byte array to a string /// </summary> /// <param name="inputInBytes">Encrypted byte array</param> /// <returns>Decrypted string</returns> public static string Decrypt(byte[] inputInBytes) { UTF8Encoding utf8encoder = new UTF8Encoding(); TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider tdesProvider = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider(); ICryptoTransform cryptoTransform = tdesProvider.CreateDecryptor(key, iv); MemoryStream decryptedStream = new MemoryStream(); CryptoStream cryptStream = new CryptoStream(decryptedStream, cryptoTransform, CryptoStreamMode.Write); cryptStream.Write(inputInBytes, 0, inputInBytes.Length); cryptStream.FlushFinalBlock(); decryptedStream.Position = 0; byte[] result = new byte[decryptedStream.Length]; decryptedStream.Read(result, 0, (int)decryptedStream.Length); cryptStream.Close(); UTF8Encoding myutf = new UTF8Encoding(); return myutf.GetString(result); } /// <summary> /// Decrypt an encrypted string /// </summary> /// <param name="text">Encrypted text</param> /// <returns>Decrypted string</returns> public static string DecryptText(string text) { if (text == "") { return text; } return Decrypt(Convert.FromBase64String(text)); } /// <summary> /// Encrypt a string /// </summary> /// <param name="text">Unencrypted text</param> /// <returns>Encrypted string</returns> public static string EncryptText(string text) { if (text == "") { return text; } return Convert.ToBase64String(Encrypt(text)); } } /// <summary> /// Random number generator /// </summary> public static class RandomGenerator { /// <summary> /// Generate random number /// </summary> /// <param name="length">Number of randomizations</param> /// <returns>Random number</returns> public static int GenerateNumber(int length) { byte[] randomSeq = new byte[length]; new RNGCryptoServiceProvider().GetBytes(randomSeq); int code = Environment.TickCount; foreach (byte b in randomSeq) { code += (int)b; } return code; } } /// <summary> /// Hash generator class /// </summary> public static class Hasher { /// <summary> /// Hash type /// </summary> public enum eHashType { /// <summary> /// MD5 hash. Quick but collisions are more likely. This should not be used for anything important /// </summary> MD5 = 0, /// <summary> /// SHA1 hash. Quick and secure. This is a popular method for hashing passwords /// </summary> SHA1 = 1, /// <summary> /// SHA256 hash. Slower than SHA1, but more secure. Used for encryption keys /// </summary> SHA256 = 2, /// <summary> /// SHA348 hash. Even slower than SHA256, but offers more security /// </summary> SHA348 = 3, /// <summary> /// SHA512 hash. Slowest but most secure. Probably overkill for most applications /// </summary> SHA512 = 4, /// <summary> /// Derrived from MD5, but only returns 12 digits /// </summary> Digit12 = 5 } /// <summary> /// Hashes text using a specific hashing method /// </summary> /// <param name="text">Input text</param> /// <param name="hash">Hash method</param> /// <returns>Hashed text</returns> public static string GetHash(string text, eHashType hash) { if (text == "") { return text; } if (hash == eHashType.MD5) { MD5CryptoServiceProvider hasher = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider(); return ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(text))); } else if (hash == eHashType.SHA1) { SHA1Managed hasher = new SHA1Managed(); return ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(text))); } else if (hash == eHashType.SHA256) { SHA256Managed hasher = new SHA256Managed(); return ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(text))); } else if (hash == eHashType.SHA348) { SHA384Managed hasher = new SHA384Managed(); return ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(text))); } else if (hash == eHashType.SHA512) { SHA512Managed hasher = new SHA512Managed(); return ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(text))); } else if (hash == eHashType.Digit12) { MD5CryptoServiceProvider hasher = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider(); string newHash = ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(text))); return newHash.Substring(0, 12); } return ""; } /// <summary> /// Generates a hash based on a file's contents. Used for detecting changes to a file and testing for duplicate files /// </summary> /// <param name="info">FileInfo object for the file to be hashed</param> /// <param name="hash">Hash method</param> /// <returns>Hash string representing the contents of the file</returns> public static string GetHash(FileInfo info, eHashType hash) { FileStream hashStream = new FileStream(info.FullName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); string hashString = ""; if (hash == eHashType.MD5) { MD5CryptoServiceProvider hasher = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider(); hashString = ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(hashStream)); } else if (hash == eHashType.SHA1) { SHA1Managed hasher = new SHA1Managed(); hashString = ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(hashStream)); } else if (hash == eHashType.SHA256) { SHA256Managed hasher = new SHA256Managed(); hashString = ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(hashStream)); } else if (hash == eHashType.SHA348) { SHA384Managed hasher = new SHA384Managed(); hashString = ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(hashStream)); } else if (hash == eHashType.SHA512) { SHA512Managed hasher = new SHA512Managed(); hashString = ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(hashStream)); } hashStream.Close(); hashStream.Dispose(); hashStream = null; return hashString; } /// <summary> /// Converts a byte array to a hex string /// </summary> /// <param name="data">Byte array</param> /// <returns>Hex string</returns> public static string ByteToHex(byte[] data) { StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); foreach (byte hashByte in data) { builder.Append(string.Format("{0:X1}", hashByte)); } return builder.ToString(); } /// <summary> /// Converts a hex string to a byte array /// </summary> /// <param name="hexString">Hex string</param> /// <returns>Byte array</returns> public static byte[] HexToByte(string hexString) { byte[] returnBytes = new byte[hexString.Length / 2]; for (int i = 0; i <= returnBytes.Length - 1; i++) { returnBytes[i] = byte.Parse(hexString.Substring(i * 2, 2), System.Globalization.NumberStyles.HexNumber); } return returnBytes; } } } And her is what I've got for Java code so far, but I'm getting the error "Input length must be multiple of 8 when decrypting with padded cipher" when I run the test on this: import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException; import java.security.InvalidKeyException; import javax.crypto.Cipher; import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException; import javax.crypto.SecretKey; import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec; import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec; import com.tdocc.utils.Base64; public class TripleDES { private static byte[] keyBytes = { 110, 32, 73, 24, 125, 66, 75, 18, 79, (byte)150, (byte)211, 122, (byte)213, 14, (byte)156, (byte)136, (byte)171, (byte)218, 119, (byte)240, 81, (byte)142, 23, 4 }; private static byte[] ivBytes = { 25, 117, 68, 23, 99, 78, (byte)231, (byte)219 }; public static String encryptText(String plainText) { try { if (plainText.isEmpty()) return plainText; return Base64.decode(TripleDES.encrypt(plainText)).toString(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } public static byte[] encrypt(String plainText) throws InvalidKeyException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException, NoSuchPaddingException { try { final SecretKey key = new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, "DESede"); final IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(ivBytes); final Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DESede/CBC/PKCS5Padding"); cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key, iv); final byte[] plainTextBytes = plainText.getBytes("utf-8"); final byte[] cipherText = cipher.doFinal(plainTextBytes); return cipherText; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } public static String decryptText(String message) { try { if (message.isEmpty()) return message; else return TripleDES.decrypt(message.getBytes()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } public static String decrypt(byte[] message) { try { final SecretKey key = new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, "DESede"); final IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(ivBytes); final Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DESede/CBC/PKCS5Padding"); cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, iv); final byte[] plainText = cipher.doFinal(message); return plainText.toString(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } }

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  • Rush…iPAD Pre-order announced officially

    - by samsudeen
    Apple’s latest product iPAD is now available for pre-order through online. You can place your pre-order through its online store (Apple) or reserve it at any of the Apple retail stores. iPAD may have received mixed reactions when announced last month. But Apple knows how to sell; it is believed that more than 50,000 pre orders are already placed till now placed till now. People have to wait for another 3 weeks to get the actual device as the launch date is 3rd of April in the US. The initial model released will be available only with Wi-Fi and the planned 3G model is expected to be released by end of April. So how much does it cost you to get this little marvel? The basic iPAD (16 GB Wi-Fi) will cost you $499. if you are serious apple fan and plan to buy an iPAD better place your order now. There already rumours that the initial demand may outstrip supply.The pre-order is limited only to US. Join us on Facebook to read all our stories right inside your Facebook news feed.

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  • .Net oracle parameter order

    - by jkrebsbach
    Using the ODAC (Oracle Data Access Components) downloaded from Oracle to talk to a handfull of Oracle DBs - Was putting together my DAL to update the DB, and things weren't working as I hoped - UPDATE foo SET bar = :P_BAR WHERE bap = :P_BAP I assign my parameters - objCmd.Parameters.Add(objBap); objCmd.Parameters.Add(objBar);   Execute update command - int result = objCmd.ExecuteNonQuery() and result is zero! ...  Is my filter incorrect? SELECT count(*) FROM foo WHERE bap = :P_BAP ...result is one... Is my new value incorrect?  Am I using Char instead of Varchar somewhere and need an RTRIM?  Is there a transaction getting involved?  An error thrown and not caught? The answer: Order of parameters.   The order parameters are added to the Oracle Command object must match the order the parameters are referenced in the SQL statement.  I was adding the parameters for the WHERE clause before adding the SET value parameters, and for that reason although no error was being thrown, no value was updated either. Flip parameter collection around to match order of params in the SQL statement, and ExecuteNonQuery() is back to returning the number of rows affected.

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  • Explain this C# code: byte* p = (byte*) (void*) Scan0;

    - by qulzam
    I found the code from the net in which i cant understand this line:- byte* p = (byte*)(void*)Scan0; There Scan0 is System.IntPtr. It is code of C#.Net. Plz Explain the above line. The complete code is given below. this is code to convert a image in grayscale. public static Image GrayScale(Bitmap b) { BitmapData bmData = b.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, b.Width, b.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); int stride = bmData.Stride; System.IntPtr Scan0 = bmData.Scan0; unsafe { byte* p = (byte*)(void*)Scan0; int nOffset = stride - b.Width * 3; byte red, green, blue; for (int y = 0; y < b.Height; ++y) { for (int x = 0; x < b.Width; ++x) { blue = p[0]; green = p[1]; red = p[2]; p[0] = p[1] = p[2] = (byte)(.299 * red + .587 * green + .114 * blue); p += 3; } p += nOffset; } } b.UnlockBits(bmData); return (Image)b; } I understand all the code but only have the problem on this line. byte* p = (byte*)(void*)Scan0;

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  • error: a NUL byte in commit log message not allowed [migrated]

    - by James
    I'm trying to commit some files in my Git repository, and I'm receiving this error. This all started when I ran git rm -rf folder and git rm -rf file and tried to commit the changes. I've since been able to commit and push without these files being deleted from my remote repository, however I'm now completely stuck. The full error is: error: a NUL byte in commit log message not allowed. fatal: failed to write commit object What can I do to fix this? My Google-fu has let me down on this one. Edit: I've just checked out these deleted files, and attempted to commit again, but it's still giving me the same error. Has my Git repo been corrupted or something?

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  • Geometry Shader input vertices order

    - by NPS
    MSDN specifies (link) that when using triangleadj type of input to the GS, it should provide me with 6 vertices in specific order: 1st vertex of the triangle processed, vertex of an adjacent triangle, 2nd vertex of the triangle processed, another vertex of an adjacent triangle and so on... So if I wanted to create a pass-through shader (i.e. output the same triangle I got on input and nothing else) I should return vertices 0, 2 and 4. Is that correct? Well, apparently it isn't because I did just that and when I ran my app the vertices were flickering (like changing positions/disappearing/showing again or sth like that). But when I instead output vertices 0, 1 and 2 the app rendered the mesh correctly. I could provide some code but it seems like the problem is in the input vertices order, not the code itself. So what order do input vertices to the GS come in?

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  • Mounting NFS directory causes creating Zero byte files

    - by Alaa
    I have two Servers, Server X (IP 192.168.1.1) and Server Y (IP 192.168.1.2), both of them are ubuntu 9.1 i have created varnish load balancer on them for my drupal website (pressflow 6.22) I have mounted a directory of imagecache from server X to Y as below @X:/etc/exports == /var/www/proj/htdocs/sites/default/files/images 192.168.1.2(rw,async,no_subtree_check) @Y:/etc/fstab == 192.168.1.1:/var/www/proj/htdocs/sites/default/files/images var/www/proj/htdocs/sites/default/files/images nfs defaults 0 0 also i made this on server X X:/var/www/proj/htdocs/sites/default/files$ chmod -R 777 images i tried to touch, rm, vim, and cat files in images directory that has been mounted on Y and everything went fine. now, ALWAYS when server Y's imagecache tries to create an image in images directory, the image is created with ZERO byte file size. anyone face the same before? any idea of how to fix this problem or what might cause it? Thanks for your help

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  • Windows Azure RoleEntryPoint Method Call Order

    - by kaleidoscope
    Worker Role Call Order: WaWorkerHost process is started. Worker Role assembly is loaded and surfed for a class that derives from RoleEntryPoint.  This class is instantiated. RoleEntryPoint.OnStart() is called. RoleEntryPoint.Run() is called.  If the RoleEntryPoint.Run() method exits, the RoleEntryPoint.OnStop() method is called . WaWorkerHost process is stopped. The role will recycle and startup again. Web Role Call Order: WaWebHost process is started. Hostable Web Core is activated. Web role assembly is loaded and RoleEntryPoint.OnStart() is called. Global.Application_Start() is called. The web application runs Global.Application_End() is called. RoleEntryPoint.OnStop() is called. Hostable Web Core is deactivated. WaWebHost process is stopped. For Further Reference: http://blogs.msdn.com/jnak/archive/2010/02/11/windows-azure-roleentrypoint-method-call-order.aspx   Tinu, O

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  • April 10 EBS WEBCAST: Cost Management Intercompany Accounting for Internal Order and Drop Shipment

    - by Oracle_EBS
    ADVISOR WEBCAST: Cost Management Intercompany Accounting for Internal Order and Drop ShipmentPRODUCT FAMILY: Cost Management April 10, 2012 at 11 am ET, 9 am MT, 8 am PT This one-hour advisor webcast discusses Intercompany Accounting for Internal Order and Drop Shipments. This session is recommended for technical and functional users who work on the costing part of the Internal Order and Drop Shipment cycles.TOPICS WILL INCLUDE: Understand the various setups involved in Intercompany Accounting Understand the accounting entries generated for different setups in Intercompany Accounting A short, live demonstration (only if applicable) and question and answer period will be included. Oracle Advisor Webcasts are dedicated to building your awareness around our products and services. This session does not replace offerings from Oracle Global Support Services. Current Schedule can be found on Note 740966.1 Post Presentation Recordings can be found on Note 740964.1

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  • Upcoming Webcast: Cost Management Intercompany Accounting for Internal Order and Drop Shipment

    - by Oracle_EBS
    ADVISOR WEBCAST: Cost Management Intercompany Accounting for Internal Order and Drop ShipmentPRODUCT FAMILY: Cost Management April 10, 2012 at 11 am ET, 9 am MT, 8 am PT This one-hour advisor webcast discusses Intercompany Accounting for Internal Order and Drop Shipments. This session is recommended for technical and functional users who work on the costing part of the Internal Order and Drop Shipment cycles.TOPICS WILL INCLUDE: Understand the various setups involved in Intercompany Accounting Understand the accounting entries generated for different setups in Intercompany Accounting A short, live demonstration (only if applicable) and question and answer period will be included. Oracle Advisor Webcasts are dedicated to building your awareness around our products and services. This session does not replace offerings from Oracle Global Support Services. Current Schedule can be found on Note 740966.1 Post Presentation Recordings can be found on Note 740964.1

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  • How do you access byte level information in JavaScript?

    - by JustSmith
    The generally accepted answer is that you can't. However there is mounting evidence that this is not true based on the existence of projects that read in types of data that are not basic HTML types. Some projects that do this are the JavaScript version of ProtoBuf and Smokescreen. Smokescreen is a flash interpreter written in JS so if it is not possible to get at the bytes directly how are these projects working around this? The source to Smokescreen can be found here. I have looked it over but with JS not being my primary language right now the solution eludes me.

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  • Understanding the nop byte(s)

    - by Cole Johnson
    Ok, so I was reading through the AMD64 manuels and knowing that nop is really an xchg eax, eax, I looked at the xchg and found something interesting, that it seems a byte can be encoded into the instruction for specifying the registers (apologies I'm on my iPod): picture. So what I am wondering is how does the processor know if there is a byte after to work with or is it that that extra register has to be of type rAX causing it to actually still be the one byte 0x90

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  • ghc6 install trouble: hGetContents: invalid argument (invalid UTF-8 byte sequence)

    - by olimay
    Having trouble installing ghc6. Here's what seems to be the relevant error that comes up when I try to (apt-get|aptitude) install ghc6: A package failed to install. Trying to recover: Setting up ghc6 (6.12.1-13ubuntu1) ... ghc-pkg: /home/opm/.ghc/i386-linux-6.12.1/package.conf.d/unix-compat-0.2-edefa7bced91ebe610d455bab466e200.conf: hGetContents: invalid argument (invalid UTF-8 byte sequence) (Here's the full output, if you're interested: http://paste.ubuntu.com/566475/ ) This still happens after apt-get clean and apt-get update. My searching around has not really helped me understand what's going on, except that it might be caused by a mismatch in locale. So, here's the output of locale too: LANG=en_US.utf8 LANGUAGE=en_US:en LC_CTYPE="en_US.utf8" LC_NUMERIC="en_US.utf8" LC_TIME="en_US.utf8" LC_COLLATE="en_US.utf8" LC_MONETARY="en_US.utf8" LC_MESSAGES="en_US.utf8" LC_PAPER="en_US.utf8" LC_NAME="en_US.utf8" LC_ADDRESS="en_US.utf8" LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.utf8" LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.utf8" LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.utf8" LC_ALL= Any ideas? Additional background: this all seems very strange to me, because I used to have ghc6 installed correctly--I use XMonad as my main window manager most of the time. I tried to install haskell-platform (through apt), which failed and told me that there was something wrong with ghc6, and so I reinstalled ghc6 and began to get the above error message. (Originally posted here to SuperUser, until I remembered today that this SE site existed.)

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