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• Long running stateful service in .NET

  - by Asaf R

  Hi, I need to create a service in .NET that maintains (inner) state in-memory, spawns multiple threads and is generally long-running. There are a lot options - Good-old Windows Service Windows Communication Services Windows Workflow Foundation I really don't know which to choose. Most of the functionality is in a library used by this service, so the service itself is rather simple. On one hand, it's important the service host is as close to "simply working" as possible, which excludes Windows Service. On the other hand, it's important that the service is not taken down by the host just because there's no external activity, which makes WCF kind o' "scary". As for WF, it's strongest selling point is the ability to create processes as, um..., workflows, which is something I don't need nor want. To sum it up, the plethora of Microsoft technologies got me a bit confused. I'd appreciate help regarding the pros and cons of each solution (or other's I've failed to mention) for the problem of a stateful, long running service in .NET Thanks, Asaf P.S., I'm using .NET 4. EDIT: What I mean by the host "simply working" is, for example, that the service I create be reactivated if it crashes. I guess the reason for this question is that I've created Windows Services in the past (I think it was in plain C++ with Win32 API), and I don't want to miss out on something simpler if there's is such as thing. Thanks for all the replies thus far! Asaf.

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• Scalaz: request for use case for Cokleisli composition

  - by oxbow_lakes

  This question isn't meant as flame-bait! As it might be apparent, I've been looking at Scalaz recently. I'm trying to understand why I need some of the functionality that the library provides. Here's something: import scalaz._ import Scalaz._ type NEL[A] = NonEmptyList[A] val NEL = NonEmptyList I put some println statements in my functions to see what was going on (aside: what would I have done if I was trying to avoid side effects like that?). My functions are: val f: NEL[Int] => String = (l: NEL[Int]) => {println("f: " + l); l.toString |+| "X" } val g: NEL[String] => BigInt = (l: NEL[String]) => {println("g: " + l); BigInt(l.map(_.length).sum) } Then I combine them via a cokleisli and pass in a NEL[Int] val k = cokleisli(f) =>= cokleisli(g) println("RES: " + k( NEL(1, 2, 3) )) What does this print? f: NonEmptyList(1, 2, 3) f: NonEmptyList(2, 3) f: NonEmptyList(3) g: NonEmptyList(NonEmptyList(1, 2, 3)X, NonEmptyList(2, 3)X, NonEmptyList(3)X) RES: 57 The RES value is the character count of the (String) elements in the final NEL. Two things occur to me: How could I have known that my NEL was going to be reduced in this manner from the method signatures involved? (I wasn't expecting the result at all) What is the point of this? Can a reasonably simple and easy-to-follow use case be distilled for me? This question is a thinly-veiled plea for some lovely person like retronym to explain how this powerful library actually works.

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• OpenCV: Shift/Align face image relative to reference Image (Image Registration)

  - by Abhischek

  I am new to OpenCV2 and working on a project in emotion recognition and would like to align a facial image in relation to a reference facial image. I would like to get the image translation working before moving to rotation. Current idea is to run a search within a limited range on both x and y coordinates and use the sum of squared differences as error metric to select the optimal x/y parameters to align the image. I'm using the OpenCV face_cascade function to detect the face images, all images are resized to a fixed (128x128). Question: Which parameters of the Mat image do I need to modify to shift the image in a positive/negative direction on both x and y axis? I believe setImageROI is no longer supported by Mat datatypes? I have the ROIs for both faces available however I am unsure how to use them. void alignImage(vector<Rect> faceROIstore, vector<Mat> faceIMGstore) { Mat refimg = faceIMGstore[1]; //reference image Mat dispimg = faceIMGstore[52]; // "displaced" version of reference image //Rect refROI = faceROIstore[1]; //Bounding box for face in reference image //Rect dispROI = faceROIstore[52]; //Bounding box for face in displaced image Mat aligned; matchTemplate(dispimg, refimg, aligned, CV_TM_SQDIFF_NORMED); imshow("Aligned image", aligned); } The idea for this approach is based on Image Alignment Tutorial by Richard Szeliski Working on Windows with OpenCV 2.4. Any suggestions are much appreciated.

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• Slow MySQL Query Breaking my back!

  - by Chris n

  so, I have tried everything I can think of, and can't get this query to happen in less than 3 seconds on my local server. I know the problem has to do with the OR referencing both the owner_id and the person_id. if I run one or the other it happens instantly, but together with an or I can't seem to make it work - I looked into rewriting the code, but the way the app was designed it won't be easy. is there a way I can call an equivalent or that won't take so long? here is the sql: SELECT event_types.name as event_type_name,event_types.id as id, count(events.id) as count,sum(events.estimated_duration) as time_sum FROM events,event_types WHERE event_types.id = events.event_type_id AND events.event_type_id != '4' AND ( events.status!='cancelled') AND events.event_type_id != 64 AND ( events.owner_id = 161 OR events.person_id = 161 ) GROUP BY event_types.name ORDER BY event_types.name DESC; Here's the Explain soup, although I'm guessing it's unnecessary cause there is probably a better way to structure that or that is obvious: thanks so much! chris. +----+-------------+-------------+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+---------+-------------------------------------+------+----------------------------------------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+-------------+-------------+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+-- | 1 | SIMPLE | event_types | range | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | NULL | 78 | Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort | | 1 | SIMPLE | events | ref | index_events_on_status,index_events_on_event_type_id,index_events_on_person_id,index_events_on_owner_id | index_events_on_event_type_id | 5 | thenumber_production.event_types.id | 907 | Using where | +----+-------------+-------------+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+---------+-------------------------------------+------+----------------------------------------------+

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• Improve Efficiency for This Text Processing Code

  - by johnv

  I am writing a program that counts the number of words in a text file which is already in lowercase and separated by spaces. I want to use a dictionary and only count the word IF it's within the dictionary. The problem is the dictionary is quite large (~100,000 words) and each text document has also ~50,000 words. As such, the codes that I wrote below gets very slow (takes about 15 sec to process one document on a quad i7 machine). I'm wondering if there's something wrong with my coding and if the efficiency of the program can be improved. Thanks so much for your help. Code below: public static string WordCount(string countInput) { string[] keywords = ReadDic(); /* read dictionary txt file*/ /*then reads the main text file*/ Dictionary<string, int> dict = ReadFile(countInput).Split(' ') .Select(c => c) .Where(c => keywords.Contains(c)) .GroupBy(c => c) .Select(g => new { word = g.Key, count = g.Count() }) .OrderBy(g => g.word) .ToDictionary(d => d.word, d => d.count); int s = dict.Sum(e => e.Value); string k = s.ToString(); return k; }

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• How to implement Excel Solver functionality in C#?

  - by Vic

  Hi, I have an application in C#, I need to do some optimization calculations, like Excel Solver Add-in does, one option is certainly to write my own solver implementation, but I'm kind of short of time, so I'm looking into libraries that already exist that can help me with this. I've been trying the Microsoft Solver Foundation, which seems pretty neat and cool, the problem is that it doesn't seem to work with the kind of calculations that I need to do. At the end of this question I'm adding the information about the calculations I need to perform and optimize. So basically my question is if any of you know of any other library that I can use for this purpose, or any tutorial that can help to do my own solver, or any idea that gives me a lead to solve this issue. Thanks. Additional Info: This is the data I need to calculate: I have 7 variables, lets call them var1, var2,...,var7 The constraints for these variables are: All of them need to be 0 <= varn <= 0.5 (where n is the number of the variable) The sum of all the variables should be equal to 1 The objective is to maximize the target formula, which in Excel looks like this: (MMULT(TRANSPOSE(L26:L32),M14:M20)) / (SQRT(MMULT(MMULT(TRANSPOSE(L26:L32),M4:S10),L26:L32))) The range that you see in this formula, L26:L32, is actually the range with the variables from above, var1, var2,..., varn. M14:M20 and M4:S10 are ranges with data that I get from different sources, there are more likely decimal values. As I said before, I was using Microsoft Solver Foundation, I modeled pretty much everything with it, I created functions that handle the operations of the target formula, but when I tried to solve the model it always fail, I think it is because of the complexity of the operations. In any case, I just wanted to show these data so you can have an idea about the kind of calculations that I need to implement.

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• Which Javascript framework (jQuery vs Dojo vs ... )?

  - by cletus

  There are a few Javascript frameworks/toolets out there, such as: jQuery; Dojo; Prototype; YUI; MooTools; ExtJS; SmartClient; and others I'm sure. It certainly seems that jQuery is ascendant in terms of mindshare at the moment. For example, Microsoft (ASP.NET MVC) and Nokia will use it. I also found this this performance comparison of Dojo, jQuery, MooTools and Prototype (Edit: Updated Comparison), which looks highly favourable to Dojo and jQuery. Now my previous experience with Javascript has been the old school HTML + Javascript most of us have done and RIA frameworks like Google Web Toolkit ("GWT") and Ext-GWT, which were a fairly low-stress entry into the Ajax world for someone from a Java background, such as myself. But, after all this, I find myself leaning towards the more PHP + Ajax type solution, which just seems that much more lightweight. So I've been looking into jQuery and I really like it's use of commands, the use of fluent interfaces and method chaining, it's cross-browser CSS selector superset, the fact that it's lightweight and extensible, the brevity of the syntax, unobtrusive Javascript and the plug-in framework. Now obviously many of these aren't unique to jQuery but on the basis that some things are greater than their sum of parts, it just seems that it all fits together and works well. So jQuery seems to have a lot going for it and it looks to the frontrunner for what I choose to concentrate on. Is there anything else I should be aware of or any particular reasons not to choose it or to choose something else? EDIT: Just wanted to add this trend comparison of Javascript frameworks.

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• SQL Query for generating matrix like output querying related table in SQL Server

  - by Nagesh

  I have three tables: Product ProductID ProductName 1 Cycle 2 Scooter 3 Car Customer CustomerID CustomerName 101 Ronald 102 Michelle 103 Armstrong 104 Schmidt 105 Peterson Transactions TID ProductID CustomerID TranDate Amount 10001 1 101 01-Jan-11 25000.00 10002 2 101 02-Jan-11 98547.52 10003 1 102 03-Feb-11 15000.00 10004 3 102 07-Jan-11 36571.85 10005 2 105 09-Feb-11 82658.23 10006 2 104 10-Feb-11 54000.25 10007 3 103 20-Feb-11 80115.50 10008 3 104 22-Feb-11 45000.65 I have written a query to group the transactions like this: SELECT P.ProductName AS Product, C.CustName AS Customer, SUM(T.Amount) AS Amount FROM Transactions AS T INNER JOIN Product AS P ON T.ProductID = P.ProductID INNER JOIN Customer AS C ON T.CustomerID = C.CustomerID WHERE T.TranDate BETWEEN '2011-01-01' AND '2011-03-31' GROUP BY P.ProductName, C.CustName ORDER BY P.ProductName which gives the result like this: Product Customer Amount Car Armstrong 80115.50 Car Michelle 36571.85 Car Schmidt 45000.65 Cycle Michelle 15000.00 Cycle Ronald 25000.00 Scooter Peterson 82658.23 Scooter Ronald 98547.52 Scooter Schmidt 54000.25 I need result of query in MATRIX form like this: Customer |------------ Amounts --------------- Name |Car Cycle Scooter Totals Armstrong 80115.50 0.00 0.00 80115.50 Michelle 36571.85 15000.00 0.00 51571.85 Ronald 0.00 25000.00 98547.52 123547.52 Peterson 0.00 0.00 82658.23 82658.23 Schmidt 45000.65 0.00 54000.25 99000.90 Please help me to acheive the above result in SQL Server 2005. Using mulitple views or even temporory tables is fine for me.

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• How can I create a dynamic LINQ query in C# with possible multiple group by clauses?

  - by FordPrefect141

  I have been a programmer for some years now but I am a newcomer to LINQ and C# so forgive me if my question sounds particularly stupid. I hope someone may be able to point me in the right direction. My task is to come up with the ability to form a dynamic multiple group by linq query within a c# script using a generic list as a source. For example, say I have a list containing multiple items with the following structure: FieldChar1 - character FieldChar2 - character FieldChar3 - character FieldNum1 - numeric FieldNum2 - numeric In a nutshell I want to be able to create a LINQ query that will sum FieldNum1 and FieldNum2 grouped by any one, two or all three of the FieldChar fields that will be decided at runtime depending on the users requirements as well as selecting the FieldChar fields in the same query. I have the dynamic.cs in my project which icludes a GroupByMany extension method but I have to admit I am really not sure how to put these to use. I am able to get the desired results if I use a query with hard-wired group by requests but not dynamically. Apologies for any erroneous nomenclature, I am new to this language but any advice would be most welcome. Many thanks Alex

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• IValidator.Validate method and adding error message to a custom type

  - by user102533

  I have several server controls that implement the IValidator interface. As such, they have their own Validate() methods that look like this. public void Validate() { this.IsValid = true; if (someConditionFails()) { ErrorMessage = "Condition failed!"; this.IsValid = false; } } I understand that these Validate() methods are executed on postback before the load completed event that is executed before the save button's event handler. What I would like to do is pass in a reference to an instance of a custom class that collects all the error messages that I can access from Save button event handler. In other words, I would like to do something like this: public void Validate(ref SummaryOfErrorMessages sum) I guess I can't do this as the signature is different from what the IValidator interface has. The other option I can think of is on Load Completed event, I would iterate through all the validators on page, get the ones with IsValid = false and create my SummaryOfErrorMessages there. Does this sound right? Is there a better way of doing it?

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• How do i refactor this code by using Action<t> or Func<t> delegates

  - by user330612

  I have a sample program, which needs to execute 3 methods in a particular order. And after executing each method, should do error handling. Now i did this in a normal fashion, w/o using delegates like this. class Program { public static void Main() { MyTest(); } private static bool MyTest() { bool result = true; int m = 2; int temp = 0; try { temp = Function1(m); } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine("Caught exception for function1" + e.Message); result = false; } try { Function2(temp); } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine("Caught exception for function2" + e.Message); result = false; } try { Function3(temp); } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine("Caught exception for function3" + e.Message); result = false; } return result; } public static int Function1(int x) { Console.WriteLine("Sum is calculated"); return x + x; } public static int Function2(int x) { Console.WriteLine("Difference is calculated "); return (x - x); } public static int Function3(int x) { return x * x; } } As you can see, this code looks ugly w/ so many try catch loops, which are all doing the same thing...so i decided that i can use delegates to refactor this code so that Try Catch can be all shoved into one method so that it looks neat. I was looking at some examples online and couldnt figure our if i shud use Action or Func delegates for this. Both look similar but im unable to get a clear idea how to implement this. Any help is gr8ly appreciated. I'm using .NET 4.0, so im allowed to use anonymous methods n lambda expressions also for this Thanks

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• Using PHP SoapClient with Java JAX-WS RI (Webservice)

  - by Kau-Boy

  For a new project, we want to build a web service in JAVA using JAX-WS RI and for the web service client, we want to use PHP. In a small tutorial about JAX-WS RI I found this example web service: package webservice; import javax.jws.WebService; import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding; import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding.Style; @WebService @SOAPBinding(style = Style.RPC) public class Calculator { public long addValues(int val1, int val2) { return val1 + val2; } } and for the web server: package webservice; import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint; import webservice.Calculator; public class CalculatorServer { public static void main(String args[]) { Calculator server = new Calculator(); Endpoint endpoint = Endpoint.publish("http://localhost:8080/calculator", server); } } Starting the Server and browsing the WDSL with the URL "http://localhost:8080/calculator?wsdl" works perfectly. But calling the web service from PHP fails My very simple PHP call looks like this: $client = new SoapClient('http://localhost:8080/calculator?wsdl', array('trace' => 1)); echo 'Sum: '.$client->addValues(4, 5); But than I either get a "Fatal error: Maximum execution time of 60 seconds exceeded..." or a "Uncaught SoapFault exception: [WSDL] SOAP-ERROR: Parsing WSDL: Couldn't load from 'http://localhost:8080/calculator?wsdl' ..." exception. I have tested the PHP SoapClient() with other web services and they work without any issues. Is there a known issue with JAX-WS RI in comibation with PHP, or is there an error in my web service I didn't see? I have found this bug report, but even updating to PHP 5.3.2 doesn't solved the problem. Can anyone tell me what to do? And by the way, my java version running on Windows 7 x64 is the following: java version "1.6.0_17" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_17-b04) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 14.3-b01, mixed mode)

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• Optimize GROUP BY&ORDER BY query

  - by Jan Hancic

  I have a web page where users upload&watch videos. Last week I asked what is the best way to track video views so that I could display the most viewed videos this week (videos from all dates). Now I need some help optimizing a query with which I get the videos from the database. The relevant tables are this: video (~239371 rows) VID(int), UID(int), title(varchar), status(enum), type(varchar), is_duplicate(enum), is_adult(enum), channel_id(tinyint) signup (~115440 rows) UID(int), username(varchar) videos_views (~359202 rows after 6 days of collecting data, so this table will grow rapidly) videos_id(int), views_date(date), num_of_views(int) The table video holds the videos, signup hodls users and videos_views holds data about video views (each video can have one row per day in that table). I have this query that does the trick, but takes ~10s to execute, and I imagine this will only get worse over time as the videos_views table grows in size. SELECT v.VID, v.title, v.vkey, v.duration, v.addtime, v.UID, v.viewnumber, v.com_num, v.rate, v.THB, s.username, SUM(vvt.num_of_views) AS tmp_num FROM video v LEFT JOIN videos_views vvt ON v.VID = vvt.videos_id LEFT JOIN signup s on v.UID = s.UID WHERE v.status = 'Converted' AND v.type = 'public' AND v.is_duplicate = '0' AND v.is_adult = '0' AND v.channel_id <> 10 AND vvt.views_date >= '2001-05-11' GROUP BY vvt.videos_id ORDER BY tmp_num DESC LIMIT 8 And here is a screenshot of the EXPLAIN result: So, how can I optimize this?

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• XSL: List divided into columns.

  - by kalininew

  Hello, help me please. There is a list of nodes. <list> <item>1</item> <item>2</item> <item>3</item> <item>4</item> <item>5</item> <item>6</item> <item>7</item> and so on... </list> Need to divide the list of "n" (arbitrary number) equal parts. If the number of nodes is not divided equally, then let the last set of nodes will contain the remainder of the division. For example, if the input list contains 33 elements and the output should have 4 parts with uniformly distributed elements. At the exit to get 3 parts to 9 of elements and one part with 6 elements in the sum of 33.

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• MySQL table data transformation -- how can I dis-aggregate MySQL time data?

  - by lighthouse65

  We are coding for a MySQL data warehousing application that stores descriptive data (User ID, Work ID, Machine ID, Start and End Time columns in the first table below) associated with time and production quantity data (Output and Time columns in the first table below) upon which aggregate (SUM, COUNT, AVG) functions are applied. We now wish to dis-aggregate time data for another type of analysis. Our current data table design: +---------+---------+------------+---------------------+---------------------+--------+------+ | User ID | Work ID | Machine ID | Event Start Time | Event End Time | Output | Time | +---------+---------+------------+---------------------+---------------------+--------+------+ | 080025 | ABC123 | M01 | 2008-01-24 16:19:15 | 2008-01-24 16:34:45 | 2120 | 930 | +---------+---------+------------+---------------------+---------------------+--------+------+ Reprocessing dis-aggregation that we would like to do would be to transform table content based on a granularity of minutes, rather than the current production event ("Event Start Time" and "Event End Time") granularity. The resulting reprocessing of existing table rows would look like: +---------+---------+------------+---------------------+--------+ | User ID | Work ID | Machine ID | Production Minute | Output | +---------+---------+------------+---------------------+--------+ | 080025 | ABC123 | M01 | 2010-01-24 16:19 | 133 | | 080025 | ABC123 | M01 | 2010-01-24 16:20 | 133 | | 080025 | ABC123 | M01 | 2010-01-24 16:21 | 133 | | 080025 | ABC123 | M01 | 2010-01-24 16:22 | 133 | | 080025 | ABC123 | M01 | 2010-01-24 16:23 | 133 | | 080025 | ABC123 | M01 | 2010-01-24 16:24 | 133 | | 080025 | ABC123 | M01 | 2010-01-24 16:25 | 133 | | 080025 | ABC123 | M01 | 2010-01-24 16:26 | 133 | | 080025 | ABC123 | M01 | 2010-01-24 16:27 | 133 | | 080025 | ABC123 | M01 | 2010-01-24 16:28 | 133 | | 080025 | ABC123 | M01 | 2010-01-24 16:29 | 133 | | 080025 | ABC123 | M01 | 2010-01-24 16:30 | 133 | | 080025 | ABC123 | M01 | 2010-01-24 16:31 | 133 | | 080025 | ABC123 | M01 | 2010-01-24 16:22 | 133 | | 080025 | ABC123 | M01 | 2010-01-24 16:33 | 133 | | 080025 | ABC123 | M01 | 2010-01-24 16:34 | 133 | +---------+---------+------------+---------------------+--------+ So the reprocessing would take an existing row of data created at the granularity of production event and modify the granularity to minutes, eliminating redundant (Event End Time, Time) columns while doing so. It assumes a constant rate of production and divides output by the difference in minutes plus one to populate the new table's Output column. I know this can be done in code...but can it be done entirely in a MySQL insert statement (or otherwise entirely in MySQL)? I am thinking of a INSERT ... INTO construction but keep getting stuck. An additional complexity is that there are hundreds of machines to include in the operation so there will be multiple rows (one for each machine) for each minute of the day. Any ideas would be much appreciated. Thanks.

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• correct way to create a pivot table in postgresql using CASE WHEN

  - by mojones

  I am trying to create a pivot table type view in postgresql and am nearly there! Here is the basic query: select acc2tax_node.acc, tax_node.name, tax_node.rank from tax_node, acc2tax_node where tax_node.taxid=acc2tax_node.taxid and acc2tax_node.acc='AJ012531'; And the data: acc | name | rank ----------+-------------------------+-------------- AJ012531 | Paromalostomum fusculum | species AJ012531 | Paromalostomum | genus AJ012531 | Macrostomidae | family AJ012531 | Macrostomida | order AJ012531 | Macrostomorpha | no rank AJ012531 | Turbellaria | class AJ012531 | Platyhelminthes | phylum AJ012531 | Acoelomata | no rank AJ012531 | Bilateria | no rank AJ012531 | Eumetazoa | no rank AJ012531 | Metazoa | kingdom AJ012531 | Fungi/Metazoa group | no rank AJ012531 | Eukaryota | superkingdom AJ012531 | cellular organisms | no rank What I am trying to get is the following: acc | species | phylum AJ012531 | Paromalostomum fusculum | Platyhelminthes I am trying to do this with CASE WHEN, so I've got as far as the following: select acc2tax_node.acc, CASE tax_node.rank WHEN 'species' THEN tax_node.name ELSE NULL END as species, CASE tax_node.rank WHEN 'phylum' THEN tax_node.name ELSE NULL END as phylum from tax_node, acc2tax_node where tax_node.taxid=acc2tax_node.taxid and acc2tax_node.acc='AJ012531'; Which gives me the output: acc | species | phylum ----------+-------------------------+----------------- AJ012531 | Paromalostomum fusculum | AJ012531 | | AJ012531 | | AJ012531 | | AJ012531 | | AJ012531 | | AJ012531 | | Platyhelminthes AJ012531 | | AJ012531 | | AJ012531 | | AJ012531 | | AJ012531 | | AJ012531 | | AJ012531 | | Now I know that I have to group by acc at some point, so I try select acc2tax_node.acc, CASE tax_node.rank WHEN 'species' THEN tax_node.name ELSE NULL END as sp, CASE tax_node.rank WHEN 'phylum' THEN tax_node.name ELSE NULL END as ph from tax_node, acc2tax_node where tax_node.taxid=acc2tax_node.taxid and acc2tax_node.acc='AJ012531' group by acc2tax_node.acc; But I get the dreaded ERROR: column "tax_node.rank" must appear in the GROUP BY clause or be used in an aggregate function All the previous examples I've been able to find use something like SUM() around the CASE statements, so I guess that is the aggregate function. I have tried using FIRST(): select acc2tax_node.acc, FIRST(CASE tax_node.rank WHEN 'species' THEN tax_node.name ELSE NULL END) as sp, FIRST(CASE tax_node.rank WHEN 'phylum' THEN tax_node.name ELSE NULL END) as ph from tax_node, acc2tax_node where tax_node.taxid=acc2tax_node.taxid and acc2tax_node.acc='AJ012531' group by acc2tax_node.acc; but get the error: ERROR: function first(character varying) does not exist Can anyone offer any hints?

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• a package for kruskal-wallis that shows pairwise comparison details

  - by dalloliogm

  The standard stats::kruskal.test module allows to calculate the kruskal-wallis test on a dataset: >>> data(diamonds) >>> kruskal.test.test(price~carat, data=diamonds) Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test data: price by carat by color Kruskal-Wallis chi-squared = 50570.15, df = 272, p-value < 2.2e-16 this is fine, it is giving me the probability that all the groups in the data have the same mean. However, I would like to have the details per each pair comparison, like if diamonds of colors D and E have the same mean price, as some other softwares (SPSS) do when you ask for a Kruskal test. I have found kruskalmc from the package pgirmess which allows me to do what I want to do: > kruskalmc(diamonds$price, diamonds$color) Multiple comparison test after Kruskal-Wallis p.value: 0.05 Comparisons obs.dif critical.dif difference D-E 571.7459 747.4962 FALSE D-F 2237.4309 751.5684 TRUE D-G 2643.1778 726.9854 TRUE D-H 4539.4392 774.4809 TRUE D-I 6002.6286 862.0150 TRUE D-J 8077.2871 1061.7451 TRUE E-F 2809.1767 680.4144 TRUE E-G 3214.9237 653.1587 TRUE E-H 5111.1851 705.6410 TRUE E-I 6574.3744 800.7362 TRUE E-J 8649.0330 1012.6260 TRUE F-G 405.7470 657.8152 FALSE F-H 2302.0083 709.9533 TRUE F-I 3765.1977 804.5390 TRUE F-J 5839.8562 1015.6357 TRUE G-H 1896.2614 683.8760 TRUE G-I 3359.4507 781.6237 TRUE G-J 5434.1093 997.5813 TRUE H-I 1463.1894 825.9834 TRUE H-J 3537.8479 1032.7058 TRUE I-J 2074.6585 1099.8776 TRUE However, this package only allows for one categoric variable (e.g. I can't study the prices clustered by color and by carat, as I can do with kruskal.test), and I don't know anything about the pgirmess package, whether it is maintained or not, or if it is tested.

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• How to minimize total cost of shortest path tree

  - by Michael

  I have a directed acyclic graph with positive edge-weights. It has a single source and a set of targets (vertices furthest from the source). I find the shortest paths from the source to each target. Some of these paths overlap. What I want is a shortest path tree which minimizes the total sum of weights over all edges. For example, consider two of the targets. Given all edge weights equal, if they share a single shortest path for most of their length, then that is preferable to two mostly non-overlapping shortest paths (fewer edges in the tree equals lower overall cost). Another example: two paths are non-overlapping for a small part of their length, with high cost for the non-overlapping paths, but low cost for the long shared path (low combined cost). On the other hand, two paths are non-overlapping for most of their length, with low costs for the non-overlapping paths, but high cost for the short shared path (also, low combined cost). There are many combinations. I want to find solutions with the lowest overall cost, given all the shortest paths from source to target. Does this ring any bells with anyone? Can anyone point me to relevant algorithms or analogous applications? Cheers!

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• Neural Network with softmax activation

  - by Cambium

  This is more or less a research project for a course, and my understanding of NN is very/fairly limited, so please be patient :) ============== I am currently in the process of building a neural network that attempts to examine an input dataset and output the probability/likelihood of each classification (there are 5 different classifications). Naturally, the sum of all output nodes should add up to 1. Currently, I have two layers, and I set the hidden layer to contain 10 nodes. I came up with two different types of implementations 1) Logistic sigmoid for hidden layer activation, softmax for output activation 2) Softmax for both hidden layer and output activation I am using gradient descent to find local maximums in order to adjust the hidden nodes' weights and the output nodes' weights. I am certain in that I have this correct for sigmoid. I am less certain with softmax (or whether I can use gradient descent at all), after a bit of researching, I couldn't find the answer and decided to compute the derivative myself and obtained softmax'(x) = softmax(x) - softmax(x)^2 (this returns an column vector of size n). I have also looked into the MATLAB NN toolkit, the derivative of softmax provided by the toolkit returned a square matrix of size nxn, where the diagonal coincides with the softmax'(x) that I calculated by hand; and I am not sure how to interpret the output matrix. I ran each implementation with a learning rate of 0.001 and 1000 iterations of back propagation. However, my NN returns 0.2 (an even distribution) for all five output nodes, for any subset of the input dataset. My conclusions: o I am fairly certain that my gradient of descent is incorrectly done, but I have no idea how to fix this. o Perhaps I am not using enough hidden nodes o Perhaps I should increase the number of layers Any help would be greatly appreciated! The dataset I am working with can be found here (processed Cleveland): http://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/Heart+Disease

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• Perform Grouping of Resultsets in Code, not on Database Level

  - by NinjaBomb

  Stackoverflowers, I have a resultset from a SQL query in the form of: Category Column2 Column3 A 2 3.50 A 3 2 B 3 2 B 1 5 ... I need to group the resultset based on the Category column and sum the values for Column2 and Column3. I have to do it in code because I cannot perform the grouping in the SQL query that gets the data due to the complexity of the query (long story). This grouped data will then be displayed in a table. I have it working for specific set of values in the Category column, but I would like a solution that would handle any possible values that appear in the Category column. I know there has to be a straightforward, efficient way to do it but I cannot wrap my head around it right now. How would you accomplish it? EDIT I have attempted to group the result in SQL using the exact same grouping query suggested by Thomas Levesque and both times our entire RDBMS crashed trying to process the query. I was under the impression that Linq was not available until .NET 3.5. This is a .NET 2.0 web application so I did not think it was an option. Am I wrong in thinking that? EDIT Starting a bounty because I believe this would be a good technique to have in the toolbox to use no matter where the different resultsets are coming from. I believe knowing the most concise way to group any 2 somewhat similar sets of data in code (without .NET LINQ) would be beneficial to more people than just me.

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• Could not determine the size of this expression.

  - by Søren

  Hi, I have resently started to use MATLAB Simulink, and my problem is that i can't implement an AMDF function, because simulink compiler cannot determine the lengths. Simulink errors: |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Could not determine the size of this expression. Function 'Embedded MATLAB Function2' (#38.728.741), line 33, column 32: "1:flength-k+1" Errors occurred during parsing of Embedded MATLAB function 'Embedded MATLAB Function2'(#38) Embedded MATLAB Interface Error: Errors occurred during parsing of Embedded MATLAB function 'Embedded MATLAB Function2'(#38) . |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MY CODE: |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- persistent sLength persistent fLength persistent amdf % Length of the frame flength = length(frame); % Pitch period is between 2.5 ms and 19.5 ms for LPC-10 algorithm % This because this algorithm assumes the frequencyspan is 50 and 400 Hz pH = ceil((1/min(fspan))*fs); if(pH flength) pH = flength; end; pL = ceil((1/max(fspan))*fs); if(pL <= 0 || pL = flength) pL = 0; end; sLength = pH - pL; % Normalize the frame frame = frame/max(max(abs(frame))); % Allocating memory for the calculation of the amdf %amdf = zeros(1,sLength); %%%%%%%% amdf = 0; % Calculating the AMDF with unbiased normalizing for k = (pL+1):pH amdf(k-pL) = sum(abs(frame(1:flength-k+1) - frame(k:flength)))/(flength-k+1); end; % Output of the AMDF if(min(amdf) < lvlThr) voiced = 1; else voiced = 0; end; % Output of the minimum of the amdf minAMDF = min(amdf); |---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- HELP Kind regards Søren

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• Select highest rated, oldest track

  - by Blair McMillan

  I have several tables: CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Tracks]( [Id] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL, [Artist_Id] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL, [Album_Id] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL, [Title] [nvarchar](255) NOT NULL, [Length] [int] NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT [PK_Tracks_1] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [Id] ASC )WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY] ) ON [PRIMARY] CREATE TABLE [dbo].[TrackHistory]( [Id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [Track_Id] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL, [Datetime] [datetime] NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT [PK_TrackHistory] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [Id] ASC )WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY] ) ON [PRIMARY] INSERT INTO [cooltunes].[dbo].[TrackHistory] ([Track_Id] ,[Datetime]) VALUES ("335294B0-735E-4E2C-8389-8326B17CE813" ,GETDATE()) CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Ratings]( [Id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [Track_Id] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL, [User_Id] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL, [Rating] [tinyint] NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT [PK_Ratings] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [Id] ASC )WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY] ) ON [PRIMARY] INSERT INTO [cooltunes].[dbo].[Ratings] ([Track_Id] ,[User_Id] ,[Rating]) VALUES ("335294B0-735E-4E2C-8389-8326B17CE813" ,"C7D62450-8BE6-40F6-80F1-A539DA301772" ,1) Users User_Id|Guid Other fields Links between the tables are pretty obvious. TrackHistory has each track added to it as a row whenever it is played ie. a track will appear in there many times. Ratings value will either be 1 or -1. What I'm trying to do is select the Track with the highest rating, that is more than 2 hours old, and if there is a duplicate rating for a track (ie a track receives 6 +1 ratings and 1 - rating, giving that track a total rating of 5, another track also has a total rating of 5), the track that was last played the longest ago should be returned. (If all tracks have been played within the last 2 hours, no rows should be returned) I'm getting somewhere doing each part individually using the link above, SUM(Value) and GROUP BY Track_Id, but I'm having trouble putting it all together. Hopefully someone with a bit more (MS)SQL knowledge will be able to help me. Many thanks!

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• Flex 3: should I provide prepared data to my component or make it to process data before display?

  - by grapkulec

  I'm starting to learn a little Flex just for fun and maybe to prove that I still can learn something new :) I have some idea for a project and one of its parts is a tree component which could display data in different ways depending on configuration. The idea There is list of objects having properties like id, date, time, name, description. And sometimes list should be displayed like this: first level: date second level: time third level: name and sometimes like this: first level: year second level: month third level: day fourth level: time and name By level I mean level of nesting of course. So, we can have years, that have months, that have days, that have hours and so forth. The problem What could be the best way to do it? I mean, should I prepare data for different ways of nesting outside of component or even outside of flex? I can do it at web service level in C# where I plan to have database access layer and send to flex nice and ready to display XML or array of objects. But I wonder if that won't cause additional and maybe unneccessary network traffic. I tried to hack some code in my component to convert my data objects into XML or ArrayCollection but I don't know enough of Flex and got stuck on elimination of duplicates or getting specific data by some key value. Usually to do such things I have STL with maps, sets and vectors and I find Flex arrays and even Dictionary a little bit confusing (I've read language reference and googled without any significant luck). The question So, to sum things up: should I give my tree component data prepared just for chosen type of display or should I try to do it internally inside component (or some helper class written in ActionScript)?

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• regex php: find everything in div

  - by Fifth-Edition

  I'm trying to find eveything inside a div using regexp. I'm aware that there probably is a smarter way to do this - but I've chosen regexp. so currently my regexp pattern looks like this: $gallery_pattern = '/([\s\S]*)<\/div/'; And it does the trick - somewhat. the problem is if i have two divs after each other - like this. <div class="gallery">text to extract here</div> <div class="gallery">text to extract from here as well</div> I want to extract the information from both divs, but my problem, when testing, is that im not getting the text in between as a result but instead: "text to extract here text to extract from here as well" So . to sum up. It skips the first end of the div. and continues on to the next. The text inside the div can contain "<", "/" and linebreaks. just so you know! Does anyone have a simple solution to this problem? Im still a regexp novice.

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• Where is my python script spending time? Is there "missing time" in my cprofile / pstats trace?

  - by fmark

  I am attempting to profile a long running python script. The script does some spatial analysis on raster GIS data set using the gdal module. The script currently uses three files, the main script which loops over the raster pixels called find_pixel_pairs.py, a simple cache in lrucache.py and some misc classes in utils.py. I have profiled the code on a moderate sized dataset. pstats returns: p.sort_stats('cumulative').print_stats(20) Thu May 6 19:16:50 2010 phes.profile 355483738 function calls in 11644.421 CPU seconds Ordered by: cumulative time List reduced from 86 to 20 due to restriction <20> ncalls tottime percall cumtime percall filename:lineno(function) 1 0.008 0.008 11644.421 11644.421 <string>:1(<module>) 1 11064.926 11064.926 11644.413 11644.413 find_pixel_pairs.py:49(phes) 340135349 544.143 0.000 572.481 0.000 utils.py:173(extent_iterator) 8831020 18.492 0.000 18.492 0.000 {range} 231922 3.414 0.000 8.128 0.000 utils.py:152(get_block_in_bands) 142739 1.303 0.000 4.173 0.000 utils.py:97(search_extent_rect) 745181 1.936 0.000 2.500 0.000 find_pixel_pairs.py:40(is_no_data) 285478 1.801 0.000 2.271 0.000 utils.py:98(intify) 231922 1.198 0.000 2.013 0.000 utils.py:116(block_to_pixel_extent) 695766 1.990 0.000 1.990 0.000 lrucache.py:42(get) 1213166 1.265 0.000 1.265 0.000 {min} 1031737 1.034 0.000 1.034 0.000 {isinstance} 142740 0.563 0.000 0.909 0.000 utils.py:122(find_block_extent) 463844 0.611 0.000 0.611 0.000 utils.py:112(block_to_pixel_coord) 745274 0.565 0.000 0.565 0.000 {method 'append' of 'list' objects} 285478 0.346 0.000 0.346 0.000 {max} 285480 0.346 0.000 0.346 0.000 utils.py:109(pixel_coord_to_block_coord) 324 0.002 0.000 0.188 0.001 utils.py:27(__init__) 324 0.016 0.000 0.186 0.001 gdal.py:848(ReadAsArray) 1 0.000 0.000 0.160 0.160 utils.py:50(__init__) The top two calls contain the main loop - the entire analyis. The remaining calls sum to less than 625 of the 11644 seconds. Where are the remaining 11,000 seconds spent? Is it all within the main loop of find_pixel_pairs.py? If so, can I find out which lines of code are taking most of the time?

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