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  • OperationalError: foreign key mismatch

    - by Niek de Klein
    I have two tables that I'm filling, 'msrun' and 'feature'. 'feature' has a foreign key pointing to the 'msrun_name' column of the 'msrun' table. Inserting in the tables works fine. But when I try to delete from the 'feature' table I get the following error: pysqlite2.dbapi2.OperationalError: foreign key mismatch From the rules of foreign keys in the manual of SQLite: - The parent table does not exist, or - The parent key columns named in the foreign key constraint do not exist, or - The parent key columns named in the foreign key constraint are not the primary key of the parent table and are not subject to a unique constraint using collating sequence specified in the CREATE TABLE, or - The child table references the primary key of the parent without specifying the primary key columns and the number of primary key columns in the parent do not match the number of child key columns. I can see nothing that I'm violating. My create tables look like this: DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `msrun`; -- ----------------------------------------------------- -- Table `msrun` -- ----------------------------------------------------- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `msrun` ( `msrun_name` VARCHAR(40) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL , `description` VARCHAR(500) NOT NULL ); DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `feature`; -- ----------------------------------------------------- -- Table `feature` -- ----------------------------------------------------- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `feature` ( `feature_id` VARCHAR(40) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL , `intensity` DOUBLE NOT NULL , `overallquality` DOUBLE NOT NULL , `charge` INT NOT NULL , `content` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL , `msrun_msrun_name` VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL , CONSTRAINT `fk_feature_msrun1` FOREIGN KEY (`msrun_msrun_name` ) REFERENCES `msrun` (`msrun_name` ) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION); CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `id_UNIQUE` ON `feature` (`feature_id` ASC); CREATE INDEX `fk_feature_msrun1` ON `feature` (`msrun_msrun_name` ASC); As far as I can see the parent table exists, the foreign key is pointing to the right parent key, the parent key is a primary key and the foreign key specifies the primary key column. The script that produces the error: from pysqlite2 import dbapi2 as sqlite import parseFeatureXML connection = sqlite.connect('example.db') cursor = connection.cursor() cursor.execute("PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON") inputValues = ('example', 'description') cursor.execute("INSERT INTO `msrun` VALUES(?, ?)", inputValues) featureXML = parseFeatureXML.Reader('../example_scripts/example_files/input/featureXML_example.featureXML') for feature in featureXML.getSimpleFeatureInfo(): inputValues = (featureXML['id'], featureXML['intensity'], featureXML['overallquality'], featureXML['charge'], featureXML['content'], 'example') # insert the values into msrun using ? for sql injection safety cursor.execute("INSERT INTO `feature` VALUES(?,?,?,?,?,?)", inputValues) connection.commit() for feature in featureXML.getSimpleFeatureInfo(): cursor.execute("DELETE FROM `feature` WHERE feature_id = ?", (str(featureXML['id']),))

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  • templates of functions

    - by anotr67
    I'm told to create template of function , that will take 4 arguments : pointer reference pointer to array pointer to function How to perform this task ? I was trying : template<typename TYPE> TYPE biggest(TYPE *L, TYPE $M, TYPE *K[], TYPE *O()) { } but it is wrong.

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  • Foreign Key Relationships and "belongs to many"

    - by jan
    I have the following model: S belongs to T T has many S A,B,C,D,E (etc) have 1 T each, so the T should belong to each of A,B,C,D,E (etc) At first I set up my foreign keys so that in A, fk_a_t would be the foreign key on A.t to T(id), in B it'd be fk_b_t, etc. Everything looks fine in my UML (using MySQLWorkBench), but generating the yii models results in it thinking that T has many A,B,C,D (etc) which to me is the reverse. It sounds to me like either I need to have A_T, B_T, C_T (etc) tables, but this would be a pain as there are a lot of tables that have this relationship. I've also googled that the better way to do this would be some sort of behavior, such that A,B,C,D (etc) can behave as a T, but I'm not clear on exactly how to do this (I will continue to google more on this) What do you think is the better solution? UML: Here's the DDL (auto generated). Just pretend that there is more than 3 tables referencing T. -- ----------------------------------------------------- -- Table `mydb`.`T` -- ----------------------------------------------------- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `mydb`.`T` ( `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE = InnoDB; -- ----------------------------------------------------- -- Table `mydb`.`S` -- ----------------------------------------------------- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `mydb`.`S` ( `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , `thing` VARCHAR(45) NULL , `t` INT NOT NULL , PRIMARY KEY (`id`) , INDEX `fk_S_T` (`id` ASC) , CONSTRAINT `fk_S_T` FOREIGN KEY (`id` ) REFERENCES `mydb`.`T` (`id` ) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION) ENGINE = InnoDB; -- ----------------------------------------------------- -- Table `mydb`.`A` -- ----------------------------------------------------- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `mydb`.`A` ( `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , `T` INT NOT NULL , `stuff` VARCHAR(45) NULL , `bar` VARCHAR(45) NULL , `foo` VARCHAR(45) NULL , PRIMARY KEY (`id`) , INDEX `fk_A_T` (`T` ASC) , CONSTRAINT `fk_A_T` FOREIGN KEY (`T` ) REFERENCES `mydb`.`T` (`id` ) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION) ENGINE = InnoDB; -- ----------------------------------------------------- -- Table `mydb`.`B` -- ----------------------------------------------------- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `mydb`.`B` ( `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , `T` INT NOT NULL , `stuff2` VARCHAR(45) NULL , `foobar` VARCHAR(45) NULL , `other` VARCHAR(45) NULL , PRIMARY KEY (`id`) , INDEX `fk_A_T` (`T` ASC) , CONSTRAINT `fk_A_T` FOREIGN KEY (`T` ) REFERENCES `mydb`.`T` (`id` ) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION) ENGINE = InnoDB; -- ----------------------------------------------------- -- Table `mydb`.`C` -- ----------------------------------------------------- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `mydb`.`C` ( `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , `T` INT NOT NULL , `stuff3` VARCHAR(45) NULL , `foobar2` VARCHAR(45) NULL , `other4` VARCHAR(45) NULL , PRIMARY KEY (`id`) , INDEX `fk_A_T` (`T` ASC) , CONSTRAINT `fk_A_T` FOREIGN KEY (`T` ) REFERENCES `mydb`.`T` (`id` ) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION) ENGINE = InnoDB;

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  • MySQL foreign key creation with alter table command

    - by user313338
    I created some tables using MySQL Workbench, and then did forward ‘forward engineer’ to create scripts to create these tables. BUT, the scripts lead me to a number of problems. One of which involves the foreign keys. So I tried creating separate foreign key additions using alter table and I am still getting problems. The code is below (the set statements, drop/create statements I left in … though I don’t think they should matter for this): SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0; SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0; SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='TRADITIONAL'; DROP SCHEMA IF EXISTS `mydb` ; CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS `mydb` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_swedish_ci ; -- ----------------------------------------------------- -- Table `mydb`.`User` -- ----------------------------------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `mydb`.`User` ; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `mydb`.`User` ( `UserName` VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL , `Num_Accts` INT NOT NULL , `Password` VARCHAR(45) NULL , `Email` VARCHAR(45) NULL , `User_ID` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , PRIMARY KEY (`User_ID`) ) ENGINE = InnoDB; -- ----------------------------------------------------- -- Table `mydb`.`User_Space` -- ----------------------------------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `mydb`.`User_Space` ; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `mydb`.`User_Space` ( `User_UserName` VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL , `User_Space_ID` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , PRIMARY KEY (`User_Space_ID`), FOREIGN KEY (`User_UserName`) REFERENCES `mydb`.`User` (`UserName`) ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE) ENGINE = InnoDB; SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE; SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS; SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS; The error this produces is: Error Code: 1005 Can't create table 'mydb.user_space' (errno: 150) Anybody know what the heck I’m doing wrong?? And anybody else have problems with the script generation done by mysql workbench? It’s a nice tool, but annoying that it pumps out scripts that don’t work for me. [As an fyi here’s the script it auto-generates: SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0; SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0; SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='TRADITIONAL'; DROP SCHEMA IF EXISTS `mydb` ; CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS `mydb` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_swedish_ci ; -- ----------------------------------------------------- -- Table `mydb`.`User` -- ----------------------------------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `mydb`.`User` ; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `mydb`.`User` ( `UserName` VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL , `Num_Accts` INT NOT NULL , `Password` VARCHAR(45) NULL , `Email` VARCHAR(45) NULL , `User_ID` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , PRIMARY KEY (`User_ID`) ) ENGINE = InnoDB; -- ----------------------------------------------------- -- Table `mydb`.`User_Space` -- ----------------------------------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `mydb`.`User_Space` ; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `mydb`.`User_Space` ( `User_Space_ID` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , PRIMARY KEY (`User_Space_ID`) , INDEX `User_ID` () , CONSTRAINT `User_ID` FOREIGN KEY () REFERENCES `mydb`.`User` () ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION) ENGINE = InnoDB; SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE; SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS; SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS; ** Thanks!]

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  • Cpp some basic problems

    - by DevAno1
    Hello. My task was as follows : Create class Person with char*name and int age. Implement contructor using dynamic allocation of memory for variables, destructor, function init and friend function show. Then transform this class to header and cpp file and implement in other program. Ok so I've almost finished my Person class, but I get error after destructor. First question is how to write this properly ? #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Person { char* name; int age; public: int * take_age(); Person(){ int size=0; cout << "Give length of char*" << endl; cin >> size; name = new char[size]; age = 0; } ~Person(){ cout << "Destroying resources" << endl; delete *[] name; delete * take_age(); } friend void(Person &p); int * Person::take_age(){ return age; } void init(char* n, int a) { name = n; age = a; } void show(Person &p){ cout << "Name: " << p.name << "," << "age: " << p.age << endl; } }; int main(void) { Person *p = new Person; p->init("Mary", 25); p.show(); system("PAUSE"); return 0; } And now with header/implementation part : - do I need to introduce constructor in header/implementation files ? If yes - how? - my show() function is a friendly function. Should I take it into account somehow ? I already failed to return this task on my exam, but still I'd like to know how to implement it.

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  • Question about DBD::CSB Statement-Functions

    - by sid_com
    From the SQL::Statement::Functions documentation: Function syntax When using SQL::Statement/SQL::Parser directly to parse SQL, functions (either built-in or user-defined) may occur anywhere in a SQL statement that values, column names, table names, or predicates may occur. When using the modules through a DBD or in any other context in which the SQL is both parsed and executed, functions can occur in the same places except that they can not occur in the column selection clause of a SELECT statement that contains a FROM clause. # valid for both parsing and executing SELECT MyFunc(args); SELECT * FROM MyFunc(args); SELECT * FROM x WHERE MyFuncs(args); SELECT * FROM x WHERE y < MyFuncs(args); # valid only for parsing (won't work from a DBD) SELECT MyFunc(args) FROM x WHERE y; Reading this I would expect that the first SELECT-statement of my example shouldn't work and the second should but it is quite the contrary. #!/usr/bin/env perl use warnings; use strict; use 5.010; use DBI; open my $fh, '>', 'test.csv' or die $!; say $fh "id,name"; say $fh "1,Brown"; say $fh "2,Smith"; say $fh "7,Smith"; say $fh "8,Green"; close $fh; my $dbh = DBI->connect ( 'dbi:CSV:', undef, undef, { RaiseError => 1, f_ext => '.csv', }); my $table = 'test'; say "\nSELECT 1"; my $sth = $dbh->prepare ( "SELECT MAX( id ) FROM $table WHERE name LIKE 'Smith'" ); $sth->execute (); $sth->dump_results(); say "\nSELECT 2"; $sth = $dbh->prepare ( "SELECT * FROM $table WHERE id = MAX( id )" ); $sth->execute (); $sth->dump_results(); outputs: SELECT 1 '7' 1 rows SELECT 2 Unknown function 'MAX' at /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.10.0/SQL/Parser.pm line 2893. DBD::CSV::db prepare failed: Unknown function 'MAX' at /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.10.0/SQL/Parser.pm line 2894. [for Statement "SELECT * FROM test WHERE id = MAX( id )"] at ./so_3.pl line 30. DBD::CSV::db prepare failed: Unknown function 'MAX' at /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.10.0/SQL/Parser.pm line 2894. [for Statement "SELECT * FROM test WHERE id = MAX( id )"] at ./so_3.pl line 30. Could someone explaine me this behavior?

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  • wordpress my_deregister plugin from page

    - by musiC addicted
    i try to use the next code to load cforms II plugin only on my CONTACT PAGE (http://www.deliciousdays.com/cforms-plugin/) #/template/functions.php add_action( 'wp_print_scripts', ' ', 100 ); function my_deregister_javascript() { if ( !is_page('Contact') ) { wp_deregister_script( 'cforms' ); } } add_action( 'wp_print_styles', 'my_deregister_styles', 100 ); function my_deregister_styles() { if ( !is_page('contact') ) { wp_deregister_style( 'cforms' ); wp_deregister_style( 'style' ); } } but doesn't work the code worked for contact form 7 ( http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/contact-form-7/)

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  • How to use default arguments in php

    - by liysd
    I want to define a function doSomething(arg1, arg2) with default values to arg1=val and arg2=val When I write function doSomething($arg1="value1", $arg2="value2"){ // do something } Is it possible now to call doSomething with default arg1 and arg2="new_value2"

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  • Documentation String Stub, Python

    - by Andres Orozco
    Well i'm learning Python cuz' i think is an awesome and powerful language like C++, perl or C# but is really really easy at same time. I'm using JetBrains' Pycharm and when i define a function it ask me to add a "Documentation String Stub" when i click yes it adds somethin like this: """ """ so the full code of the function is something like this: def otherFunction(h, w): """ """ hello = h world = w full_word = h + ' ' + w return full_word I would like to know what these (""" """) symbols means, Thanks. Ps.Data: Sorry for my bad english :D

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  • jquery load a specific #Div content from multiple html files

    - by Vikram
    Hello friends I am trying to make a Content Slider for my site. I have multiple HTML files and the structure of these files is like this: <div id="title"><h2>Title of the Slide</h2></div> <div id="image"><a href="http://mylink.com"><img src="image.jpg" width="600" height="300" alt="image"</a></div> <div id="content">Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s.</div> I have been trying to use the following script get content (but no success): <?php function render($position="") { ob_start(); foreach(glob("/slides/*.html") as $fileName) { $fname = basename( $fileName ); $curArr = file($fname); $slides[$fname ]['title'] = $curArr[0]; $slides[$fname ]['image'] = $curArr[1]; $slides[$fname ]['content'] = $curArr[2]; foreach($slides as $key => $value){ ?> <div id="slide-title"> <?php echo $value['title'] ?> </div> <div id="slide-content"> <?php echo $value['image'] ?> </div> <div id="slide-image"> <?php echo $value['content'] ?> </div> <?php }} ?> <?php return ob_get_clean(); } But then I came to know about a jQuery function.... (again no success) jQuery.noConflict(); (function($){ $(document).ready(function () { $('#slide-title').load('slides/slide1.html #title'); $('#slide-content').load('slides/slide1.html #content'); $('#slide-image').load('slides/slide1.html #image'); }); })(jQuery); Now My questions are..... Am I using the right syntax. How do I get the content from multiple files using jQuery. Please Note : My knowledge on Programming is almost '0'. I have just started learning it.

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  • PHP create page as a string after PHP runs

    - by John
    I'm stuck on how to write the test.php page result (after php has run) to a string: testFunctions.php: <?php function htmlify($html, $format){ if ($format == "print"){ $html = str_replace("<", "&lt;", $html); $html = str_replace(">", "&gt;", $html); $html = str_replace("&nbsp;", "&amp;nbsp;", $html); $html = nl2br($html); return $html; } }; $input = <<<HTML <div style="background color:#959595; width:400px;"> &nbsp;<br> input <b>text</b> <br>&nbsp; </div> HTML; function content($input, $mode){ if ($mode =="display"){ return $input; } else if ($mode =="source"){ return htmlify($input, "print"); }; }; function pagePrint($page){ $a = array( 'file_get_contents' => array($page), 'htmlify' => array($page, "print") ); foreach($a as $func=>$args){ $x = call_user_func_array($func, $args); $page .= $x; } return $page; }; $file = "test.php"; ?> test.php: <?php include "testFunctions.php"; ?> <br><hr>here is the rendered html:<hr> <?php $a = content($input, "display"); echo $a; ?> <br><hr>here is the source code:<hr> <?php $a = content($input, "source"); echo $a; ?> <br><hr>here is the source code of the entire page after the php has been executed:<hr> <div style="margin-left:40px; background-color:#ebebeb;"> <?php $a = pagePrint($file); echo $a; ?> </div> I'd like to keep all the php in the testFunctions.php file, so I can place simple function calls into templates for html emails. Thanks!

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  • Defined variables and arrays vs functions in php

    - by Frank Presencia Fandos
    Introduction I have some sort of values that I might want to access several times each page is loaded. I can take two different approaches for accessing them but I'm not sure which one is 'better'. Three already implemented examples are several options for the Language, URI and displaying text that I describe here: Language Right now it is configured in this way: lang() is a function that returns different values depending on the argument. Example: lang("full") returns the current language, "English", while lang() returns the abbreviation of the current language, "en". There are many more options, like lang("select"), lang("selectact"), etc that return different things. The code is too long and irrelevant for the case so if anyone wants it just ask for it. Url The $Url array also returns different values depending on the request. The whole array is fully defined in the beginning of the page and used to get shorter but accurate links of the current page. Example: $Url['full'] would return "http://mypage.org/path/to/file.php?page=1" and $Url['file'] would return "file.php". It's useful for action="" within the forms and many other things. There are more values for $Url['folder'], $Url['file'], etc. Same thing about the code, if wanted, just request it. Text [You can skip this section] There's another array called $Text that is defined in the same way than $Url. The whole array is defined at the beginning, making a mysql call and defining all $Text[$i] for current page with a while loop. I'm not sure if this is more efficient than multiple calls for a single mysql cell. Example: $Text['54'] returns "This is just a test array!" which this could perfectly be implemented with a function like text(54). Question With the 3 examples you can see that I use different methods to do almost the same function (no pun intended), but I'm not sure which one should become the standard one for my code. I could create a function called url() and other called text() to output what I want. I think that working with functions in those cases is better, but I'm not sure why. So I'd really appreciate your opinions and advice. Should I mix arrays and functions in the way I described or should I just use funcions? Please, base your answer in this: The source needs to be readable and reusable by other developers Resource consumption (processing, time and memory). The shorter the code the better. The more you explain the reasons the better. Thank you PS, now I know the differences between $Url and $Uri.

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  • javascript simple question

    - by Michael
    window.addEventListener('unload', function(e) { MyClass.shutdown(); window.removeEventListener('unload', /* how to reference the function itself here? */); }, false); The question in the comment.

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  • Will my shared variables loose value? (asp.net vb)

    - by Phil
    I have a class includes.vb that holds some variables (sharing them with other pages) like: Public Shared pageid As Integer = 0 I then have a function that does some work with these variables returning them with values; Return pageid When I step through the code, the variables have values (while stepping through the function), but when they are returned to the page, they come back null. Do they loose value everytime a page is loaded? Can you suggest an alternative method? Thanks a lot.

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  • when including a file using php function not work?

    - by John Smiith
    MY PHP FUNCTION IS function functionName() { include($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']."/path/file.php"); } Content of File.php is $foo = 'bar'; Calling function (content of file test.php) functionName(); When call function and variable not work echo $foo; <- not works But when adding code below its works (content of file test.php) include($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']."/path/file.php"); echo $foo; <- its works

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  • Is it possible to access javascript return value outside of function? [on hold]

    - by Kinnard Hockenhull
    How would one access javascript function's return value outside of the function? For example could you tell a function to return something somewhere else in the code? Theoretical example: milkmachine = function(argument){ var r; var k; //do something with arguments and variables return r; } var rainbow = milkmachine(); //rainbow == r milkmachine.return(k); var spectrum = milkmachine(); //spectrum == k

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  • Mac Text Editor (with function list)

    - by Meep3D
    So I've got a Mac in the post coming to me, and will probably be doing quite a bit of development on it so I am looking for a text editor (PHP + HTML mainly). I curently use Notepad++ on Windows and I simply cannot live without the function list plugin (It displays all functions in the current PHP file in a box on the right). Do any Mac text editors have this functionality? I am fairly sure that Notepad++ isn't available on an Apple. Thanks!

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  • Cannot add repository key

    - by William Anthony
    I just installed my new laptop with ubuntu 12.04 and when I'm trying to add key, there is a "network unreachable" error. william@ubuntu:~$ gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 1C4CBDCDCD2EFD2A gpg: requesting key CD2EFD2A from hkp server keys.gnupg.net ?: keys.gnupg.net: Network is unreachable gpgkeys: HTTP fetch error 7: couldn't connect: Network is unreachable gpg: no valid OpenPGP data found. gpg: Total number processed: 0 I'm so sure the keyserver is not down, because I tried it again at my old laptop running ubuntu 11.04 william@william:~$ gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 1C4CBDCDCD2EFD2A gpg: requesting key CD2EFD2A from hkp server keys.gnupg.net gpg: key CD2EFD2A: "Percona MySQL Development Team <[email protected]>" not changed gpg: Total number processed: 1 gpg: unchanged: 1 Is this a bug?

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  • Is perl's each function worth using?

    - by eugene y
    From perldoc -f each we read: There is a single iterator for each hash, shared by all each, keys, and values function calls in the program; it can be reset by reading all the elements from the hash, or by evaluating keys HASH or values HASH. The iterator is not reset when you leave the scope containing the each(), and this can lead to bugs: my %h = map { $_, 1 } qw(1 2 3); while (my $k = each %h) { print "1: $k\n"; last } while (my $k = each %h) { print "2: $k\n" } Output: 1: 1 2: 3 2: 2 What are the common workarounds for this behavior? And is it worth using each in general?

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  • Is perl's each function worth using?

    - by eugene y
    From perldoc -f each we read: There is a single iterator for each hash, shared by all each, keys, and values function calls in the program; it can be reset by reading all the elements from the hash, or by evaluating keys HASH or values HASH. The iterator is not reset when you leave the scope containing the each(), and this can lead to bugs: my %h = map { $_, 1 } qw(1 2 3); while (my $k = each %h) { print "1: $k\n"; last } while (my $k = each %h) { print "2: $k\n" } Output: 1: 1 2: 3 2: 2 What are the common workarounds for this behavior? And is it worth using each in general?

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  • Confused by Perl grep function

    - by titaniumdecoy
    I don't understand the last line of this function from Programming Perl 3e. Here's how you might write a function that does a kind of set intersection by returning a list of keys occurring in all the hashes passed to it: @common = inter( \%foo, \%bar, \%joe ); sub inter { my %seen; for my $href (@_) { while (my $k = each %$href) { $seen{$k}++; } } return grep { $seen{$_} == @_ } keys %seen; } I understand that %seen is a hash which maps each key to the number of times it was encountered in any of the hashes provided to the function.

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  • Creating a list of most popular posts of the past week - Wordpress

    - by Gary Woods
    I have created a widget for my Wordpress platform that displays the most popular posts of the week. However, there is an issue with it. It counts the most popular posts from Monday, not the past 7 days. For instance, this means that on Tuesday, it will only include posts from Tuesday and Monday. Here is my widget code: <?php class PopularWidget extends WP_Widget { function PopularWidget(){ $widget_ops = array('description' => 'Displays Popular Posts'); $control_ops = array('width' => 400, 'height' => 300); parent::WP_Widget(false,$name='ET Popular Widget',$widget_ops,$control_ops); } /* Displays the Widget in the front-end */ function widget($args, $instance){ extract($args); $title = apply_filters('widget_title', empty($instance['title']) ? 'Popular This Week' : $instance['title']); $postsNum = empty($instance['postsNum']) ? '' : $instance['postsNum']; $show_thisweek = isset($instance['thisweek']) ? (bool) $instance['thisweek'] : false; echo $before_widget; if ( $title ) echo $before_title . $title . $after_title; ?> <?php $additional_query = $show_thisweek ? '&year=' . date('Y') . '&w=' . date('W') : ''; query_posts( 'post_type=post&posts_per_page='.$postsNum.'&orderby=comment_count&order=DESC' . $additional_query ); ?> <div class="widget-aligned"> <h3 class="box-title">Popular Articles</h3> <div class="blog-entry"> <ol> <?php if (have_posts()) : while (have_posts()) : the_post(); ?> <li><h4 class="title"><a href="<?php the_permalink(); ?>"><?php the_title(); ?></a></h4></li> <?php endwhile; endif; wp_reset_query(); ?> </ol> </div> </div> <!-- end widget-aligned --> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <?php echo $after_widget; } /*Saves the settings. */ function update($new_instance, $old_instance){ $instance = $old_instance; $instance['title'] = stripslashes($new_instance['title']); $instance['postsNum'] = stripslashes($new_instance['postsNum']); $instance['thisweek'] = 0; if ( isset($new_instance['thisweek']) ) $instance['thisweek'] = 1; return $instance; } /*Creates the form for the widget in the back-end. */ function form($instance){ //Defaults $instance = wp_parse_args( (array) $instance, array('title'=>'Popular Posts', 'postsNum'=>'','thisweek'=>false) ); $title = htmlspecialchars($instance['title']); $postsNum = htmlspecialchars($instance['postsNum']); # Title echo '<p><label for="' . $this->get_field_id('title') . '">' . 'Title:' . '</label><input class="widefat" id="' . $this->get_field_id('title') . '" name="' . $this->get_field_name('title') . '" type="text" value="' . $title . '" /></p>'; # Number of posts echo '<p><label for="' . $this->get_field_id('postsNum') . '">' . 'Number of posts:' . '</label><input class="widefat" id="' . $this->get_field_id('postsNum') . '" name="' . $this->get_field_name('postsNum') . '" type="text" value="' . $postsNum . '" /></p>'; ?> <input class="checkbox" type="checkbox" <?php checked($instance['thisweek'], 1) ?> id="<?php echo $this->get_field_id('thisweek'); ?>" name="<?php echo $this->get_field_name('thisweek'); ?>" /> <label for="<?php echo $this->get_field_id('thisweek'); ?>"><?php esc_html_e('Popular this week','Aggregate'); ?></label> <?php } }// end AboutMeWidget class function PopularWidgetInit() { register_widget('PopularWidget'); } add_action('widgets_init', 'PopularWidgetInit'); ?> How can I change this script so that it will count the past 7 days rather than posts from last Monday?

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  • C++ 2d Array Class Function Call Help

    - by johnny-conrad
    I hope this question takes a simple fix, and I am just missing something very small. I am in my second semester of C++ in college, and we are just getting into OOP. This is my first OOP program, and it is causing me a little problem. Here are the errors I am getting: Member function must be called or its address taken in function displayGrid(int,Cell ( *)[20]) Member function must be called or its address taken in function Turn(int,int,Cell ( *)[20]) Member function must be called or its address taken in function Turn(int,int,Cell ( *)[20]) Warning: Parameter 'grid' is never used in function displayGrid(int,Cell ( *)[20]) Here is all of my code. I am aware It is much more code than necessary, sorry if it makes it more difficult. I was worried that I might accidentally delete something. const int MAX=20; //Struct Cell holds player and their symbol. class Cell { private: int Player; char Symbol; public: Cell(void); void setPlayer(int); void setSymbol(char); int getPlayer(void); char getSymbol(void); }; Cell::Cell(void) { Symbol ='-'; } void Cell::setPlayer(int player_num) { Player = player_num; } void Cell::setSymbol(char rps) { Symbol = rps; } int Cell::getPlayer(void) { return Player; } char Cell::getSymbol(void) { return Symbol; } void Turn(int, int, Cell[MAX][MAX]); void displayGrid(int, Cell[MAX][MAX]); void main(void) { int size; cout << "How big would you like the grid to be: "; cin >> size; //Checks to see valid grid size while(size>MAX || size<3) { cout << "Grid size must between 20 and 3." << endl; cout << "Please re-enter the grid size: "; cin >> size; } int cnt=1; int full; Cell grid[MAX][MAX]; //I use full to detect when the game is over by squaring size. full = size*size; cout << "Starting a new game." << endl; //Exits loop when cnt reaches full. while(cnt<full+1) { displayGrid(size, grid); //calls function to display grid if(cnt%2==0) //if cnt is even then it's 2nd players turn cout << "Player 2's turn." << endl; else cout << "Player 1's turn" << endl; Turn(size, cnt, grid); //calls Turn do each players turn cnt++; } cout << endl; cout << "Board is full... Game Over" << endl; } void displayGrid(int size, Cell grid[MAX][MAX]) { cout << endl; cout << " "; for(int x=1; x<size+1; x++) // prints first row cout << setw(3) << x; // of numbers. cout << endl; //Nested-For prints the grid. for(int i=1; i<size+1; i++) { cout << setw(2) << i; for(int c=1; c<size+1; c++) { cout << setw(3) << grid[i][c].getSymbol; } cout << endl; } cout << endl; } void Turn(int size, int cnt, Cell grid[MAX][MAX]) { char temp; char choice; int row=0; int column=0; cout << "Enter the Row: "; cin >> row; cout << "Enter the Column: "; cin >> column; //puts what is in the current cell in "temp" temp = grid[row][column].getSymbol; //Checks to see if temp is occupied or not while(temp!='-') { cout << "Cell space is Occupied..." << endl; cout << "Enter the Row: "; cin >> row; cout << "Enter the Column: "; cin >> column; temp = grid[row][column].getSymbol; //exits loop when finally correct } if(cnt%2==0) //if cnt is even then its player 2's turn { cout << "Enter your Symbol R, P, or S (Capitals): "; cin >> choice; grid[row][column].setPlayer(1); in >> choice; } //officially sets choice to grid cell grid[row][column].setSymbol(choice); } else //if cnt is odd then its player 1's turn { cout << "Enter your Symbol r, p, or s (Lower-Case): "; cin >> choice; grid[row][column].setPlayer(2); //checks for valid input by user1 while(choice!= 'r' && choice!='p' && choice!='s') { cout << "Invalid Symbol... Please Re-Enter: "; cin >> choice; } //officially sets choice to grid cell. grid[row][column].setSymbol(choice); } cout << endl; } Thanks alot for your help!

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  • MySQL: Creating table with FK error (errno 150)

    - by Peter Bailey
    I've tried searching on this error and nothing I've found helps me, so I apologize in advance if this is a duplicate and I'm just too dumb to find it. I've created a model with MySQL Workbench and am now attempting to install it to a mysql server. Using File Export Forward Engineer SQL CREATE Script... it outputs a nice big file for me, with all the settings I ask for. I switch over to MySQL GUI Tools (the Query Browser specifically) and load up this script (note that I'm going form one official MySQL tool to another). However, when I try to actually execute this file, I get the same error over and over SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1005 Can't create table './srs_dev/location.frm' (errno: 150) "OK", I say to myself, something is wrong with the location table. So I check out the definition in the output file. SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0; SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0; SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='TRADITIONAL'; -- ----------------------------------------------------- -- Table `state` -- ----------------------------------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `state` ; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `state` ( `state_id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , `iso_3166_2_code` VARCHAR(2) NOT NULL , `name` VARCHAR(60) NOT NULL , PRIMARY KEY (`state_id`) ) ENGINE = InnoDB; -- ----------------------------------------------------- -- Table `brand` -- ----------------------------------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `brand` ; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `brand` ( `brand_id` INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , `name` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL , `domain` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL , `manager_name` VARCHAR(100) NULL , `manager_email` VARCHAR(255) NULL , PRIMARY KEY (`brand_id`) ) ENGINE = InnoDB; -- ----------------------------------------------------- -- Table `location` -- ----------------------------------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `location` ; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `location` ( `location_id` INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , `name` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL , `address_line_1` VARCHAR(255) NULL , `address_line_2` VARCHAR(255) NULL , `city` VARCHAR(100) NULL , `state_id` TINYINT UNSIGNED NULL DEFAULT NULL , `postal_code` VARCHAR(10) NULL , `phone_number` VARCHAR(20) NULL , `fax_number` VARCHAR(20) NULL , `lat` DECIMAL(9,6) NOT NULL , `lng` DECIMAL(9,6) NOT NULL , `contact_url` VARCHAR(255) NULL , `brand_id` TINYINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL , `summer_hours` VARCHAR(255) NULL , `winter_hours` VARCHAR(255) NULL , `after_hours_emergency` VARCHAR(255) NULL , `image_file_name` VARCHAR(100) NULL , `manager_name` VARCHAR(100) NULL , `manager_email` VARCHAR(255) NULL , `created_date` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP , PRIMARY KEY (`location_id`) , CONSTRAINT `fk_location_state` FOREIGN KEY (`state_id` ) REFERENCES `state` (`state_id` ) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION, CONSTRAINT `fk_location_brand` FOREIGN KEY (`brand_id` ) REFERENCES `brand` (`brand_id` ) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION) ENGINE = InnoDB; CREATE INDEX `fk_location_state` ON `location` (`state_id` ASC) ; CREATE INDEX `fk_location_brand` ON `location` (`brand_id` ASC) ; CREATE INDEX `idx_lat` ON `location` (`lat` ASC) ; CREATE INDEX `idx_lng` ON `location` (`lng` ASC) ; Looks ok to me. I surmise that maybe something is wrong with the Query Browser, so I put this file on the server and try to load it this way ] mysql -u admin -p -D dbname < path/to/create_file.sql And I get the same error. So I start to Google this issue and find all kinds of accounts that talk about an error with InnoDB style tables that fail with foreign keys, and the fix is to add "SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;" to the SQL script. Well, as you can see, that's already part of the file that MySQL Workbench spat out. So, my question is then, why is this not working when I'm doing what I think I'm supposed to be doing? Version Info: # MySQL: 5.0.45 GUI Tools: 1.2.17 Workbench: 5.0.30

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