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  • Parsing multibyte string in PHP

    - by Petr Peller
    I would like to write a (HTML) parser based on state machine but I have doubts how to acctually read/use an input. I decided to load the whole input into one string and then work with it as with an array and hold its index as current parsing position. There would be no problems with single-byte encoding, but in multi-byte encoding each value does not represent a character, but a byte of a character. Example: $mb_string = 'žšcr'; //4 multi-byte characters in UTF-8 for($i=0; $i < 4; $i++) { echo $mb_string[$i], PHP_EOL; } Outputs: L ž L A This means I cannot iterate through the string in a loop to check single characters, because I never know if I am in the middle of an character or not. So the questions are: How do I multi-byte safe read a single character from a string in a performance friendly way? Is it good idea to work with the string as it was an array in this case? How would you read the input?

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  • Neural Network with softmax activation

    - by Cambium
    This is more or less a research project for a course, and my understanding of NN is very/fairly limited, so please be patient :) ============== I am currently in the process of building a neural network that attempts to examine an input dataset and output the probability/likelihood of each classification (there are 5 different classifications). Naturally, the sum of all output nodes should add up to 1. Currently, I have two layers, and I set the hidden layer to contain 10 nodes. I came up with two different types of implementations 1) Logistic sigmoid for hidden layer activation, softmax for output activation 2) Softmax for both hidden layer and output activation I am using gradient descent to find local maximums in order to adjust the hidden nodes' weights and the output nodes' weights. I am certain in that I have this correct for sigmoid. I am less certain with softmax (or whether I can use gradient descent at all), after a bit of researching, I couldn't find the answer and decided to compute the derivative myself and obtained softmax'(x) = softmax(x) - softmax(x)^2 (this returns an column vector of size n). I have also looked into the MATLAB NN toolkit, the derivative of softmax provided by the toolkit returned a square matrix of size nxn, where the diagonal coincides with the softmax'(x) that I calculated by hand; and I am not sure how to interpret the output matrix. I ran each implementation with a learning rate of 0.001 and 1000 iterations of back propagation. However, my NN returns 0.2 (an even distribution) for all five output nodes, for any subset of the input dataset. My conclusions: o I am fairly certain that my gradient of descent is incorrectly done, but I have no idea how to fix this. o Perhaps I am not using enough hidden nodes o Perhaps I should increase the number of layers Any help would be greatly appreciated! The dataset I am working with can be found here (processed Cleveland): http://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/Heart+Disease

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  • How do I create self-relationships in polymorphic inheritance in Elixir and Pylons?

    - by Turukawa
    I am new to programming and am following the example in the Pylons documentation on creating a Wiki. The database I want to link to the wiki was created with Elixir so I rewrote the Wiki database schema and have continued from there. In the wiki there is a requirement for a Navigation table which is inherited by Pages and Sections. A section can have many pages, while a page can only have one section. In addition, each sibling node can be chain-referenced to each other. So: Nav has "section" (OneToMany) and "before" (OneToOne - to reference preceeding node) Page has "section" (ManyToOne - many pages in one section) and inherits "before" Section inherits all from Nav The code I've written looks like this: class Nav(Entity): using_options(inheritance='multi') name = Field(Unicode(30), default=u'Untitled Node') path = Field(Unicode(255), default=u'') section = OneToMany('Page', inverse='section') after = OneToOne('Nav', inverse='before') before = OneToMany('Nav', inverse='after') class Page(Nav): using_options(inheritance='multi') content = Field(UnicodeText, nullable=False) posted = Field(DateTime, default=now()) title = Field(Unicode(255), default=u'Untitled Page') heading = Field(Unicode(255)) tags = ManyToMany('Tag') comments = OneToMany('Comment') section = ManyToOne('Nav', inverse='section') class Section(Nav): using_options(inheritance='multi') Errors received on this: sqlalchemy.exc.OperationalError: (OperationalError) table nav has no column named aftr_id u'INSERT INTO nav (name, path, aftr_id, row_type) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)' I've also tried: before = ManyToMany('Nav', inverse='before') on Nav in the hopes this might break the problem, but also not. The original SQLAlchemy code from the tutorial for these declarations is as follows: nav_table = schema.Table('nav', meta.metadata, schema.Column('id', types.Integer(), schema.Sequence('nav_id_seq', optional=True), primary_key=True), schema.Column('name', types.Unicode(255), default=u'Untitled Node'), schema.Column('path', types.Unicode(255), default=u''), schema.Column('section', types.Integer(), schema.ForeignKey('nav.id')), schema.Column('before', types.Integer(), default=None), schema.Column('type', types.String(30), nullable=False) ) page_table = schema.Table('page', meta.metadata, schema.Column('id', types.Integer, schema.ForeignKey('nav.id'), primary_key=True), schema.Column('content', types.Text(), nullable=False), schema.Column('posted', types.DateTime(), default=now), schema.Column('title', types.Unicode(255), default=u'Untitled Page'), schema.Column('heading', types.Unicode(255)), ) section_table = sa.Table('section', meta.metadata, schema.Column('id', types.Integer, schema.ForeignKey('nav.id'), primary_key=True), ) orm.mapper(Nav, nav_table, polymorphic_on=nav_table.c.type, polymorphic_identity='nav') orm.mapper(Section, section_table, inherits=Nav, polymorphic_identity='section') orm.mapper(Page, page_table, inherits=Nav, polymorphic_identity='page', properties={ 'comments':orm.relation(Comment, backref='page', cascade='all'), 'tags':orm.relation(Tag, secondary=pagetag_table) }) Any help is much appreciated.

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  • VEMap and a GeoRSS feed(hosted separately)

    - by Alexis Abril
    The scenario is as follows: A WCF web service exists that outputs a valid GeoRSS feed. This lives in its own domain as a number of different applications have access to it. A web page(on a different site) has been created with an instance of a VEMap(Bing/Virtual Earth map object). Now, VEMap can accept an input feed in this format via the following: var layer = new VEShapeLayer(); var veLayerSpec = new VEShapeSourceSpecification(VEDataType.GeoRSS, "someurl", layer); map.ImportShapeLayerData(veLayerSpec, onComplete, true); onComplete is a callback function I'm using to replace the default pin graphic with something custom. The question is in regards to "someurl", which is a path to a local xml file containing the geographic information(georss simple format). I've realized this feed and the map must be hosted in the same domain, so I've created a generic handler that reads the remote feed and returns it in the same format. var veLayerSpec = new VEShapeSourceSpecification(VEDataType.GeoRSS, "/somelocalhandler.ashx", layer); When I do this, I get the VEMap error("z is null"). This is the same error one would receive when trying to access a remote feed. When I copy the feed into a local xml file(ie, "feed.xml") there is no error. The order of operations is currently: remote feed - local handler - VEMap import If I'm over complicating this procedure, let me know! I'm a bit new to the Bing Maps API and might have missed something. Any assistance is appreciated.

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  • Why won't my CATiledLayer scroll in a UIScrollView after zooming?

    - by Brodie4598
    I'm currently having the following problem with CATiledLayer: when the view first loads, the scrolling works perfectly, but then when you zoom once, the view snaps to the anchor point (top left corner) and it can no longer scroll at all. The zooming works in that it will zoom in and out, but it will only zoom to the top left corner. My code is as follows: #import <QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h> #import "PracticeViewController.h" @implementation practiceViewController //@synthesize image; - (void)viewDidLoad { NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"H-5" ofType:@"jpg"]; NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:path]; image = [UIImage imageWithData:data]; CGRect pageRect = CGRectMake(0, 0, image.size.width, image.size.height); CATiledLayer *tiledLayer = [CATiledLayer layer]; tiledLayer.anchorPoint = CGPointMake(0.0f, 1.0f); tiledLayer.delegate = self; tiledLayer.tileSize = CGSizeMake(1000, 1000); tiledLayer.levelsOfDetail = 6; tiledLayer.levelsOfDetailBias = 0; tiledLayer.bounds = pageRect; tiledLayer.transform = CATransform3DMakeScale(1.0f, -1.0f, 0.3f); myContentView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds]; [myContentView.layer addSublayer:tiledLayer]; UIScrollView *scrollView = [[UIScrollView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds]; scrollView.delegate = self; scrollView.contentSize = pageRect.size; scrollView.minimumZoomScale = .2; scrollView.maximumZoomScale = 1; [scrollView addSubview:myContentView]; [self.view addSubview:scrollView]; } - (UIView *)viewForZoomingInScrollView:(UIScrollView *)scrollView { return myContentView; } - (void)drawLayer:(CALayer *)layer inContext:(CGContextRef)ctx { NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"H-5" ofType:@"jpg"]; NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:path]; image = [UIImage imageWithData:data]; CGRect imageRect = CGRectMake (0.0, 0.0, image.size.width, image.size.height); CGContextDrawImage (ctx, imageRect, [image CGImage]); } @end

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  • Spring - Transaction Readonly

    - by AAK
    Hello Gurus! Just wanted your expert opinions on declarative transaction management for Spring. Here is my setup - A. DAO Layer is Plain old JDBC using jdbcTemplete (No hibernate etc) B. Service Layer is POJO with declarative trasnactions as follows - save*, readonly=false, rollback for Throwable Things work fine with above setup. However when I say get*, readonly=true I see errors in my log file saying - Database connection cannot be marked as readonly. This happens for all get* methods in Service Layer. Now my questions - A. Do I have to say get* as readonly? All my get* methods are pure read DB operations. I do not wish to run them in any transaction context. How serious is the above error? B. When I remove the get* confiiguration, I do not see the errors, morever all my simple get* operations are performed without transactions. Is this the way to go? C. Why would anyone want to have transactional methods where readonly = true? Is there any practical significance of this configuration? Thank you! As always your resposes are much appreciated!

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  • SQL Alchemy MVC and cross controller joins

    - by Khorkrak
    When using SQL Alchemy for abstracting your data access layer and using controllers as the way to access objects from that abstraction layer, how should joins be handled? So for example, say you have an Orders controller class that manages Order objects such that it provides getOrder, saveOrder, etc methods and likewise a similar controller for User objects. First of all do you even need these controllers? Should you instead just treat SQL Alchemy as "the" thing for handling data access. Why bother with object oriented controller stuff there when you instead have a clean declarative way to obtain and persist objects without having to write SQL directly either. Well one reason could be that perhaps you may want to replace SQL Alchemy with direct SQL or Storm or whatever else. So having controller classes there to act as an intermediate layer helps limit what would need to change then. Anyway - back to the main question - so assuming you have these two controllers, now lets say you want the list of orders for a certain set of users meeting some criteria. How do you go about doing this? Generally you don't want the controllers crossing domains - the Orders controllers knows only about Orders and the User controller just about Users - they don't mess with each other. You also don't want to go fetch all the Users that match and then feed a big list of user ids to the Orders controller to go find the matching Orders. What's needed is a join. Here's where I'm stuck - that seems to mean either the controllers must cross domains or perhaps they should be done away with altogether and you simply do the join via SQL Alchemy directly and get the resulting User and / or Order objects as needed. Thoughts?

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  • Custom UIView using CALayers disappears after 180º rotation or navigation controller pop

    - by Steve Madsen
    I have a created a custom UIView subclass that is exhibiting some strange behavior. It is a spinning wheel selector, and for performance reasons it is drawn entirely into two CALayer instances. The bottom layer is the wheel itself, which is rotated using setAffineTransform: according to touches. The top layer is eye candy. drawRect: is fairly simple. If the control hasn't been drawn yet (or it's been invalidated), it calls a method that creates the images and assigns them to the layer contents property. - (void) drawRect:(CGRect)rect { if (imageLayer == nil) { [self drawIntoImageLayer]; } [self updateWheelRotation]; } When the view controller using this view first appears, everything is fine. There are two instances where the view completely disappears, however: If the device is rotated a full 180°. After a view controller is popped off the navigation stack and the view becomes visible again. drawRect: is not called either time. Interestingly enough, it IS called after a 90° orientation change, and that causes the view to re-appear. How can I ensure that a custom view using CALayers is redrawn properly in these situations?

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  • Patterns for non-layered applications

    - by Paul Stovell
    In Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture, Martin Fowler writes: This book is thus about how you decompose an enterprise application into layers and how those layers work together. Most nontrivial enterprise applications use a layered architecture of some form, but in some situations other approaches, such as pipes and filters, are valuable. I don't go into those situations, focussing instead on the context of a layered architecture because it's the most widely useful. What patterns exist for building non-layered applications/parts of an application? Take a statistical modelling engine for a financial institution. There might be a layer for data access, but I expect that most of the code would be in a single layer. Would you still expect to see Gang of Four patterns in such a layer? How about a domain model? Would you use OO at all, or would it be purely functional? The quote mentions pipes and filters as alternate models to layers. I can easily imagine a such an engine using pipes as a way to break down the data processing. What other patterns exist? Are there common patterns for areas like task scheduling, results aggregation, or work distribution? What are some alternatives to MapReduce?

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  • How do i pass arbitary date format from C# to sql backend

    - by Jims
    I have a datetime field for the transaction date in the back end. So I am passing that date from front C#.net, in the below format: 2011-01-01 12:17:51.967 to do this I have written: presentation layer: string date = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture); PropertyClass prp=new PropertyClass(); Prp.TransDate=Convert.ToDateTime(date); PropertyClass structure: Public class property { private DateTime transdate; public DateTime TransDate { get { return transdate; } set { transdate = value; } } } From DAL layer passing the TransactionDate like this: Cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@TranSactionDate”, SqlDbType.DateTime).value=propertyobj.TransDate; While debugging from presntation layer: string date = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture); in this I am getting correct expected date format, but when debugs goes to this line Prp.TransDate=Convert.ToDateTime(date); again date format changing to 1/1/2011. But my backend sql datefield wants the date paramter 2011-01-01 12:17:51.967 in this format otherwise throwing exception invalid date format. Note: While passing date as string without converting to datetime getting exceptions like: System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlTypeException: SqlDateTime overflow. Must be between 1/1/1753 12:00:00 AM and 12/31/9999 11:59:59 PM. at System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlDateTime.FromTimeSpan(TimeSpan value) at System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlDateTime.FromDateTime(DateTime value) at System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlDateTime..ctor(DateTime value) at System.Data.SqlClient.MetaType.FromDateTime(DateTime dateTime, Byte cb) at System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.WriteValue(Object value, MetaType type, Byte scale, Int32 actualLength, Int32 encodingByteSize, Int32 offset, TdsParserStateObject stateObj) at System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.TdsExecuteRPC(_SqlRPC[] rpcArray, Int32 timeout, Boolean inSchema, SqlNotificationRequest notificationRequest, TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean isCommandProc)

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  • property names are different from original Object in the silverlight

    - by kwon
    Following is part of service layer which is provided by WCF service : [Serializable] public class WaitInfo { private string roomName; private string pName; private string tagNo; public string RoomName { get { return roomName; } set { this.roomName = value; } } public string PName { get { return pName; } set { this.pName = value; } } public string TagNo { get { return tagNo; } set { this.tagNo = value; } } } public class Service1 : IService1 { public List<WaitInfo> GetWaitingList() { MyDBDataContext db = new MyDBDataContext(); var query = from w in db.WAIT_INFOs select new WaitInfo { TagNo = w.PATIENT_INFO.TAG_NO, RoomName= w.ROOM_INFO.ROOM_NAME, PName= w.PATIENT_INFO.P_NAME }; List<WaitInfo> result = query.ToList(); return result; } And following is codebehind part of UI layer which is provided by Silverlight public MainPage() { InitializeComponent(); Service1Client s = new Service1Client(); s.GetWaitingListCompleted += new EventHandler<GetWaitingListByCompletedEventArgs>( s_GetWaitingListCompleted); s.GetWaitingListAsync(); } void s_GetWaitingListCompleted(object sender, RadControlsSilverlightApplication1.ServiceReference2.GetWaitingListByCompletedEventArgs e) { GridDataGrid.ItemsSource = e.Result; } And following is xaml code in Silverlight page <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot"> <data:DataGrid x:Name="GridDataGrid"></data:DataGrid> </Grid> Is is very simple code, however what I am thinking weird is property name of object at "e.Result" in the code behind page. In the service layer, although properties' names are surely "RoomName, PName, TagNo", in the silverlight properties' names are "roomName, pName, tagNo" which are private variable name of the WaitingList Object. Did I something wrong? Thanks in advance.

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  • StrcutureMap Wiring - Sanity Check Please

    - by Steve Ward
    Hi - Im new to IOC and StructureMap and have an n-level application and am looking at how to setup the wirings (ForRequestedType ...) and just want to check with people with more experience that this is the best way of doing it! I dont want my UI application object to reference my persistence layer directly so am not able to wire everything up in this UI project. I now have it working by defining a Registry class in each project which wires up the types in the project as needed. The layer above registers its types and also calls the assembly below and looks for registries so that all types are registered throught the hierrachy. E.g. I have UI, Service, Domain, and Persistence libraries. In my service layer the registry looks like Scan(x => { x.Assembly("MyPersistenceProject"); x.LookForRegistries(); }); ForRequestedType<IService>().TheDefault.Is.OfConcreteType<MyService>(); Is this a recommended way of doing this in a setup such as this? Are there better ways and what are the advantages / disadvantages of these approaches in this case?

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  • Access modifiers - Property on business objects - getting and setting

    - by Mike
    Hi, I am using LINQ to SQL for the DataAccess layer. I have similar business objects to what is in the data access layer. I have got the dataprovider getting the message #23. On instantiation of the message, in the message constructor, it gets the MessageType and makes a new instance of MessageType class and fills in the MessageType information from the database. Therefore; I want this to get the Name of the MessageType of the Message. user.Messages[23].MessageType.Name I also want an administrator to set the MessageType user.Messages[23].MessageType = MessageTypes.LoadType(3); but I don't want the user to publicly set the MessageType.Name. But when I make a new MessageType instance, the access modifier for the Name property is public because I want to set that from an external class (my data access layer). I could change this to property to internal, so that my class can access it like a public variable, and not allow my other application access to modify it. This still doesn't feel right as it seems like a public property. Are public access modifiers in this situation bad? Any tips or suggestions would be appreciated. Thanks.

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  • Property on business objects - getting and setting

    - by Mike
    Hi, I am using LINQ to SQL for the DataAccess layer. I have similar business objects to what is in the data access layer. I have got the dataprovider getting the message #23. On instantiation of the message, in the message constructor, it gets the MessageType and makes a new instance of MessageType class and fills in the MessageType information from the database. Therefore; I want this to get the Name of the MessageType of the Message. user.Messages[23].MessageType.Name I also want an administrator to set the MessageType user.Messages[23].MessageType = MessageTypes.LoadType(3); but I don't want the user to publicly set the MessageType.Name. But when I make a new MessageType instance, the access modifier for the Name property is public because I want to set that from an external class (my data access layer). I could change this to property to internal, so that my class can access it like a public variable, and not allow my other application access to modify it. This still doesn't feel right as it seems like a public property. Are public access modifiers in this situation bad? Any tips or suggestions would be appreciated. Thanks.

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  • Performing selectors on main thread with NSInvocation

    - by kpower
    I want to perform animation on main thread (cause UIKit objects are not thread-safe), but prepare it in some separate thread. I have (baAnimation - is CABasicAnimation allocated & inited before): SEL animationSelector = @selector(addAnimation:forKey:); NSString *keyString = @"someViewAnimation"; NSInvocation *inv = [NSInvocation invocationWithMethodSignature:[workView.layer methodSignatureForSelector:animationSelector]]; [inv setTarget:workView.layer]; [inv setSelector:animationSelector]; [inv setArgument:baAnimation atIndex:2]; [inv setArgument:keyString atIndex:3]; [inv performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(invoke) withObject:nil waitUntilDone:NO]; I get: *** +[NSCFString length]: unrecognized selector sent to class 0x1fb36a0 Calls: > #0 0x020984e6 in objc_exception_throw > #1 0x01f7e8fb in +[NSObject doesNotRecognizeSelector:] > #2 0x01f15676 in ___forwarding___ > #3 0x01ef16c2 in __forwarding_prep_0___ > #4 0x01bb3c21 in -[CALayer addAnimation:forKey:] > #5 0x01ef172d in __invoking___ > #6 0x01ef1618 in -[NSInvocation invoke] But [workView.layer addAnimation:baAnimation forKey:@"someViewAnimation"]; works fine. What am I doing wrong?

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  • how to elegantly duplicate a graph (neural network)

    - by macias
    I have a graph (network) which consists of layers, which contains nodes (neurons). I would like to write a procedure to duplicate entire graph in most elegant way possible -- i.e. with minimal or no overhead added to the structure of the node or layer. Or yet in other words -- the procedure could be complex, but the complexity should not "leak" to structures. They should be no complex just because they are copyable. I wrote the code in C#, so far it looks like this: neuron has additional field -- copy_of which is pointer the the neuron which base copied from, this is my additional overhead neuron has parameterless method Clone() neuron has method Reconnect() -- which exchanges connection from "source" neuron (parameter) to "target" neuron (parameter) layer has parameterless method Clone() -- it simply call Clone() for all neurons network has parameterless method Clone() -- it calls Clone() for every layer and then it iterates over all neurons and creates mappings neuron=copy_of and then calls Reconnect to exchange all the "wiring" I hope my approach is clear. The question is -- is there more elegant method, I particularly don't like keeping extra pointer in neuron class just in case of being copied! I would like to gather the data in one point (network's Clone) and then dispose it completely (Clone method cannot have an argument though).

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  • WCF: Exposed Object Model - stuck in a loop

    - by Mark
    Hi I'm working on a pretty big WSSF project. I have a normal object model in the business layer. Eg a customer has an orders collection property, when this is accessed then it loads from the data layer (lazy loading). An order has a productCollection property etc etc.. Now the bit I'm finding tricky is exposing this via WCF. I want to export a collection of orders. The client app will also need information about the customers. Using the WSSF data contract designer I have set it up so that customers have a property called "order collection". This is fine if you have a customer object and would like to look at the orders but if you have an order object there is no customer property so it doesn't work going up the hierarchy. I've tried adding a customer property to the orders object but then the code gets stuck in a loop when it loads the data contracts up. This is because it doesn't load on demand like in the business layer. I need to load all properties up before the objects can be sent out via WCF. It ends up loading an order, then the customer for that order, then the orders for that customer, then the customer for that order etc etc... I'm sure I've got all this wrong. Help!!

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  • Refactoring an ASP.NET 2.0 app to be more "modern"

    - by Wayne M
    This is a hypothetical scenario. Let's say you've just been hired at a company with a small development team. The company uses an internal CRM/ERP type system written in .NET 2.0 to manage all of it's day to day things (let's simplify and say customer accounts and records). The app was written a couple of years ago when .NET 2.0 was just out and uses the following architectural designs: Webforms Data layer is a thin wrapper around SqlCommand that calls stored procedures Rudimentary DTO-style business objects that are populated via the sprocs A "business logic" layer that acts as a gateway between the webform and database (i.e. code behind calls that layer) Let's say that as there are more changes and requirements added to the application, you start to feel that the old architecture is showing its age, and changes are increasingly more difficult to make. How would you go about introducing refactoring steps to A) Modernize the app (i.e. proper separation of concerns) and B) Make sure that the app can readily adapt to change in the organization? IMO the changes would involve: Introduce an ORM like Linq to Sql and get rid of the sprocs for CRUD Assuming that you can't just throw out Webforms, introduce the M-V-P pattern to the forms Make sure the gateway classes conform to SRP and the other SOLID principles. Change the logic that is re-used to be web service methods instead of having to reuse code What are your thoughts? Again this is a totally hypothetical scenario that many of us have faced in the past, or may end up facing.

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  • Enterprise integration of disparate systems

    - by Chris Latta
    We're about to embark on a fairly large integration effort to kill off a bunch of Access and Sql Server databases and get everything into one coherent enterprise system. There are also a number of other systems (accounting, CRM, payroll, MS Exchange) that hold critical data that we need to integrate (use for data validation in other systems), report on and otherwise expose. It is likely that some of these systems will change in the next few years, so we need to isolate our systems to be ready for change. Ideally we would be able to expose our forms in a consistent manner across as many of our our systems as possible without having to re-develop them for each system. We are currently targeting SharePoint (2007 and soon 2010), Office (2007 and soon 2010 - Word, Excel, PowerPoint and Outlook), Reporting Services, .Net console applications, .Net Windows applications, shell extensions, and with the possibility of exposing some functionality on mobile devices (BlackBerries currently, maybe iPhones later) and via our website. We're moving development to Visual Studio 2010 (from 2005) ahead of migrating to SharePoint 2010 and Office 2010. Given that most of our development is presently targeted to the .Net framework (mostly in C#) it seems logical to stick with this unless there is some compelling reason to switch frameworks/platform for some aspects. We're thinking of your standard Database-Data Integration layer-Business Objects Layer-Web Services (or REST) layer-Client Application plus doing our own client application with WPF (or something else?) forms that can also be exposed in the MS systems (SharePoint, Office, Windows). So, we don't want much, just everything :) Basically we need to isolate ourselves from database and systems changes, create an API that can be used throughout our systems and then make this functionality available in our client applications. I'm very keen to get pointers from anyone who has tips on how to pull this off. Should we look at the Enterprise Library as a place to start? Is REST with ASP.Net MVC2 a better solution than Web Services for a system like this? Will WPF deliver forms re-use or is there something better?

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  • Howto use predicates in LINQ to Entities for Entity Framework objects

    - by user274947
    I'm using LINQ to Entities for Entity Framework objects in my Data Access Layer. My goal is to filter as much as I can from the database, without applying filtering logic on in-memory results. For that purpose Business Logic Layer passes a predicate to Data Access Layer. I mean Func<MyEntity, bool> So, if I use this predicate directly, like public IQueryable<MyEntity> GetAllMatchedEntities(Func<MyEntity, Boolean> isMatched) { return qry = _Context.MyEntities.Where(x => isMatched(x)); } I'm getting the exception [System.NotSupportedException] --- {"The LINQ expression node type 'Invoke' is not supported in LINQ to Entities."} Solution in that question suggests to use AsExpandable() method from LINQKit library. But again, using public IQueryable<MyEntity> GetAllMatchedEntities(Func<MyEntity, Boolean> isMatched) { return qry = _Context.MyEntities.AsExpandable().Where(x => isMatched(x)); } I'm getting the exception Unable to cast object of type 'System.Linq.Expressions.FieldExpression' to type 'System.Linq.Expressions.LambdaExpression' Is there way to use predicate in LINQ to Entities query for Entity Framework objects, so that it is correctly transformed it into a SQL statement. Thank you.

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  • How can i mock or test my deferred execution functionality?

    - by cottsak
    I have what could be seen as a bizarre hybrid of IQueryable<T> and IList<T> collections of domain objects passed up my application stack. I'm trying to maintain as much of the 'late querying' or 'lazy loading' as possible. I do this in two ways: By using a LinqToSql data layer and passing IQueryable<T>s through by repositories and to my app layer. Then after my app layer passing IList<T>s but where certain elements in the object/aggregate graph are 'chained' with delegates so as to defer their loading. Sometimes even the delegate contents rely on IQueryable<T> sources and the DataContext are injected. This works for me so far. What is blindingly difficult is proving that this design actually works. Ie. If i defeat the 'lazy' part somewhere and my execution happens early then the whole thing is a waste of time. I'd like to be able to TDD this somehow. I don't know a lot about delegates or thread safety as it applies to delegates acting on the same source. I'd like to be able to mock the DataContext and somehow trace both methods of deferring (IQueryable<T>'s SQL and the delegates) the loading so that i can have tests that prove that both functions are working at different levels/layers of the app/stack. As it's crucial that the deferring works for the design to be of any value, i'd like to see tests fail when i break the design at a given level (separate from the live implementation). Is this possible?

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  • Are there good reasons not to use an ORM?

    - by hangy
    During my apprenticeship, I have used NHibernate for some smaller projects which I mostly coded and designed on my own. Now, before starting some bigger project, the discussion arose how to design data access and whether or not to use an ORM layer. As I am still in my apprenticeship and still consider myself a beginner in enterprise programming, I did not really try to push in my opinion, which is that using an object relational mapper to the database can ease development quite a lot. The other coders in the development team are much more experienced than me, so I think I will just do what they say. :-) However, I do not completely understand two of the main reasons for not using NHibernate or a similar project: One can just build one’s own data access objects with SQL queries and copy those queries out of Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio. Debugging an ORM can be hard. So, of course I could just build my data access layer with a lot of SELECTs etc, but here I miss the advantage of automatic joins, lazy-loading proxy classes and a lower maintenance effort if a table gets a new column or a column gets renamed. (Updating numerous SELECT, INSERT and UPDATE queries vs. updating the mapping config and possibly refactoring the business classes and DTOs.) Also, using NHibernate you can run into unforeseen problems if you do not know the framework very well. That could be, for example, trusting the Table.hbm.xml where you set a string’s length to be automatically validated. However, I can also imagine similar bugs in a “simple” SqlConnection query based data access layer. Finally, are those arguments mentioned above really a good reason not to utilise an ORM for a non-trivial database based enterprise application? Are there probably other arguments they/I might have missed? (I should probably add that I think this is like the first “big” .NET/C# based application which will require teamwork. Good practices, which are seen as pretty normal on Stack Overflow, such as unit testing or continuous integration, are non-existing here up to now.)

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  • Problem: Movie Clip contains just one frame

    - by Doug
    I'm a newbie at Flash, so started playing with a pretty standard code sample: one layer contains a movie clip with a flying rectangle, another layer has a button to control it. All script code is in Main.as file. The rectangle was named square1 through the Property window. Here is the problem: the constructor for Main has a line: square1.stop(); to prevent clip from playing, but it doesn't help - it plays. I know the constructor fires, because it has trace("stuff") in it. The code does check that the stage has been created. What strange is that square1.currentFrame always returns 1, and square1.totalFrames returns 1 as well. The layer has 24 frames on the timeline. I tried a tween with just 2 keyframes, then converted whole tween into frames - same result. I mean, the thing is flying before my eyes, how can it be 1 frame??? I even added a listener: square1.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, onFrameChange); The event fires all the time, i.e. the frames change, but currentFrame is still 1. Also, tried to name individual frames and use square1.gotoAndStop("begin") and stuff like that. Nothing helps. I am really stuck with this stupid problem.

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  • Efficient database access when dealing with multiple abstracted repositories

    - by Nathan Ridley
    I want to know how most people are dealing with the repository pattern when it involves hitting the same database multiple times (sometimes transactionally) and trying to do so efficiently while maintaining database agnosticism and using multiple repositories together. Let's say we have repositories for three different entities; Widget, Thing and Whatsit. Each repository is abstracted via a base interface as per normal decoupling design processes. The base interfaces would then be IWidgetRepository, IThingRepository and IWhatsitRepository. Now we have our business layer or equivalent (whatever you want to call it). In this layer we have classes that access the various repositories. Often the methods in these classes need to do batch/combined operations where multiple repositories are involved. Sometimes one method may make use of another method internally, while that method can still be called independently. What about, in this scenario, when the operation needs to be transactional? Example: class Bob { private IWidgetRepository _widgetRepo; private IThingRepository _thingRepo; private IWhatsitRepository _whatsitRepo; public Bob(IWidgetRepository widgetRepo, IThingRepository thingRepo, IWhatsitRepository whatsitRepo) { _widgetRepo = widgetRepo; _thingRepo= thingRepo; _whatsitRepo= whatsitRepo; } public void DoStuff() { _widgetRepo.StoreSomeStuff(); _thingRepo.ReadSomeStuff(); _whatsitRepo.SaveSomething(); } public void DoOtherThing() { _widgetRepo.UpdateSomething(); DoStuff(); } } How do I keep my access to that database efficient and not have a constant stream of open-close-open-close on connections and inadvertent invocation of MSDTS and whatnot? If my database is something like SQLite, standard mechanisms like creating nested transactions are going to inherently fail, yet the business layer should not have to be concerning itself with such things. How do you handle such issues? Does ADO.Net provide simple mechanisms to handle this or do most people end up wrapping their own custom bits of code around ADO.Net to solve these types of problems?

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  • Animating the drawing of a line

    - by jkigel
    I'm trying to animate the drawing of a line by the following way: .h CAShapeLayer *rootLayer; CAShapeLayer *lineLayer; CGMutablePathRef path; .m path = CGPathCreateMutable(); CGPathMoveToPoint(path, nil, self.frame.size.width/2-100, 260); CGPathAddLineToPoint(path, nil, self.frame.size.width/2+100.0, 260); CGPathCloseSubpath(path); self.rootLayer = [CALayer layer]; rootLayer.frame = self.bounds; [self.layer addSublayer:rootLayer]; self.lineLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer]; [lineLayer setPath:path]; [lineLayer setFillColor:[UIColor redColor].CGColor]; [lineLayer setStrokeColor:[UIColor blueColor].CGColor]; [lineLayer setLineWidth:1.5]; [lineLayer setFillRule:kCAFillRuleNonZero]; [rootLayer addSublayer:lineLayer]; [self performSelector:@selector(startTotalLine) withObject:nil afterDelay:1.5]; - (void)startTotalLine { CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"animatePath"]; [animation setDuration:3.5]; animation.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut]; [animation setAutoreverses:NO]; [animation setFromValue:(id)path]; [animation setToValue:(id)path]; [lineLayer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"animatePath"]; } The line had drawn before the startTotalLine method is invoked. Also, the startTotalLine method doesn't affect the line. I want it to animate the the line drawing from right to left

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