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• C -Segmentation fault after the 4th call of the function!

  - by FILIaS

  It seems at least weird to me... The program runs normally.But after I call the enter() function for the 4th time,there is a segmentation fault!I would appreciate any help. With the following function enter() I wanna add user commands' datas to a list. [Some part of the code is already posted on another question of me, but I think I should post it again...as it's a different problem I'm facing now.] /* struct for all the datas that user enters on file*/ typedef struct catalog { char short_name[50]; char surname[50]; signed int amount; char description[1000]; struct catalog *next; }catalog,*catalogPointer; catalogPointer current; catalogPointer head = NULL; void enter(void) //user command: i <name> <surname> <amount> <description> { int n,j=2,k=0; char temp[1500]; char *short_name,*surname,*description; signed int amount; char* params = strchr(command,' ') + 1; //strchr returns a pointer to the 1st space on the command.U want a pointer to the char right after that space. strcpy(temp, params); //params is saved as temp. char *curToken = strtok(temp," "); //strtok cuts 'temp' into strings between the spaces and saves them to 'curToken' printf("temp is:%s \n",temp); printf("\nWhat you entered for saving:\n"); for (n = 0; curToken; ++n) //until curToken ends: { if (curToken) { short_name = malloc(strlen(curToken) + 1); strncpy(short_name, curToken, sizeof (short_name)); } printf("Short Name: %s \n",short_name); curToken = strtok(NULL," "); if (curToken) { surname = malloc(strlen(curToken) + 1); strncpy(surname, curToken,sizeof (surname)); } printf("SurName: %s \n",surname); curToken = strtok(NULL," "); if (curToken) { //int * amount= malloc(sizeof (signed int *)); char *chk; amount = (int) strtol(curToken, &chk, 10); if (!isspace(*chk) && *chk != 0) fprintf(stderr,"Warning: expected integer value for amount, received %s instead\n",curToken); } printf("Amount: %d \n",amount); curToken = strtok(NULL,"\0"); if (curToken) { description = malloc(strlen(curToken) + 1); strncpy(description, curToken, sizeof (description)); } printf("Description: %s \n",description); break; } if (findEntryExists(head, surname,short_name) != NULL) //call function in order to see if entry exists already on the catalog printf("\nAn entry for <%s %s> is already in the catalog!\nNew entry not entered.\n",short_name,surname); else { printf("\nTry to entry <%s %s %d %s> in the catalog list!\n",short_name,surname,amount,description); newEntry(&head,short_name,surname,amount,description); printf("\n**Entry done!**\n"); } // Maintain the list in alphabetical order by surname. } catalogPointer findEntryExists (catalogPointer head, char num[],char first[]) { catalogPointer p = head; while (p != NULL && strcmp(p->surname, num) != 0 && strcmp(p->short_name,first) != 0) { p = p->next; } return p; } catalogPointer newEntry (catalog** headRef,char short_name[], char surname[], signed int amount, char description[]) { catalogPointer newNode = (catalogPointer)malloc(sizeof(catalog)); catalogPointer first; catalogPointer second; catalogPointer tmp; first=head; second=NULL; strcpy(newNode->short_name, short_name); strcpy(newNode->surname, surname); newNode->amount=amount; strcpy(newNode->description, description); //SEGMENTATION ON THE 4TH RUN OF PROGRAM STOPS HERE depending on the names each time it gets! while (first!=NULL) { if (strcmp(surname,first->surname)>0) second=first; else if (strcmp(surname,first->surname)==0) { if (strcmp(short_name,first->short_name)>0) second=first; } first=first->next; } if (second==NULL) { newNode->next=head; head=newNode; } else { tmp=second->next; newNode->next=tmp; first->next=newNode; } }

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• Why am I getting a segmentation fault with this code?

  - by gooswa

  Trying to make a simple rectangle/bin packer in C. Takes a given area and finds placement for any given size rectangle. About after 4 recursions is when I get the segmentation fault. #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> typedef struct node_type PackNode; struct node_type { int x , y; int width , height; int used; struct node_type *left; struct node_type *right; }; typedef struct point_type PackPoint; struct point_type { int x,y; }; PackNode _clone(PackNode *node) { PackNode clone; clone.used = 0; clone.x = node->x; clone.y = node->y; clone.width = node->width; clone.height= node->height; clone.left = NULL; clone.right= NULL; return clone; } PackNode root; int rcount; PackPoint* recursiveFind(PackNode *node, int w, int h) { PackPoint rp; PackPoint *p = NULL; rcount++; printf ("rcount = %u\n", rcount); //left is not null go to left, if left didn't work try right. if (node->left!=NULL) { //move down to left branch p = recursiveFind(node->left, w, h); if (p!=NULL) { return p; } else { p = recursiveFind(node->right, w, h); return p; } } else { //If used just return null and possible go to the right branch; if (node->used==1 || w > node->width || h > node->height) { return p; } //if current node is exact size and hasn't been used it return the x,y of the mid-point of the rectangle if (w==node->width && h == node->height) { node->used=1; rp.x = node->x+(w/2); rp.y = node->y+(h/2); p = &rp; return p; } //If rectangle wasn't exact fit, create branches from cloning it's parent. PackNode l_clone = _clone(node); PackNode r_clone = _clone(node); node->left = &l_clone; node->right = &r_clone; //adjust branches accordingly, split up the current unused areas if ( (node->width - w) > (node->height - h) ) { node->left->width = w; node->right->x = node->x + w; node->right->width = node->width - w; } else { node->left->height = h; node->right->y = node->y + h; node->right->height = node->height - h; } p = recursiveFind(node->left, w, h); return p; } return p; } int main(void) { root = malloc( root.x=0; root.y=0; root.used=0; root.width=1000; root.height=1000; root.left=NULL; root.right=NULL; int i; PackPoint *pnt; int rw; int rh; for (i=0;i<10;i++) { rw = random()%20+1; rh = random()%20+1; pnt = recursiveFind(&root, rw, rh); printf("pnt.x,y: %d,%d\n",pnt->x,pnt->y); } return 0; }

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• C++ SDL State Machine Segfault

  - by user1602079

  The code compiles and builds fine, but it immediately segfaults. I've looked at this for a while and have no idea why. Any help is appreciated. Thank you! Here's the code: main.cpp #include "SDL/SDL.h" #include "Globals.h" #include "Core.h" #include "GameStates.h" #include "Introduction.h" int main(int argc, char** args) { if(core.Initilize() == false) { SDL_Quit(); } while(core.desiredstate != core.Quit) { currentstate->EventHandling(); currentstate->Logic(); core.ChangeState(); currentstate->Render(); currentstate->Update(); } SDL_Quit(); } Core.h #ifndef CORE_H #define CORE_H #include "SDL/SDL.h" #include <string> class Core { public: SDL_Surface* Load(std::string filename); void ApplySurface(int X, int Y, SDL_Surface* source, SDL_Surface* destination); void SetState(int newstate); void ChangeState(); enum state { Intro, STATES_NULL, Quit }; int desiredstate, stateID; bool Initilize(); }; #endif Core.cpp #include "Core.h" #include "SDL/SDL.h" #include "Globals.h" #include "Introduction.h" #include <string> /* Initilizes SDL subsystems */ bool Core::Initilize() { //Inits subsystems, reutrns false upon error if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING) == -1) { return false; } SDL_WM_SetCaption("Game", NULL); return true; } /* Loads surfaces and optimizes them */ SDL_Surface* Core::Load(std::string filename) { //The surface to be optimized SDL_Surface* original = SDL_LoadBMP(filename.c_str()); //The optimized surface SDL_Surface* optimized = NULL; //Optimizes the image if it loaded properly if(original != NULL) { optimized = SDL_DisplayFormat(original); SDL_FreeSurface(original); } else { //returns NULL upon error return NULL; } return optimized; } /* Blits surfaces */ void Core::ApplySurface(int X, int Y, SDL_Surface* source, SDL_Surface* destination) { //Stores the coordinates of the surface SDL_Rect offsets; offsets.x = X; offsets.y = Y; //Bits the surface if both surfaces are present if(source != NULL && destination != NULL) { SDL_BlitSurface(source, NULL, destination, &offsets); } } /* Sets desiredstate to newstate */ void Core::SetState(int newstate) { if(desiredstate != Quit) { desiredstate = newstate; } } /* Changes the game state */ void Core::ChangeState() { if(desiredstate != STATES_NULL && desiredstate != Quit) { delete currentstate; switch(desiredstate) { case Intro: currentstate = new Introduction(); break; } stateID = desiredstate; desiredstate = core.STATES_NULL; } } Globals.h #ifndef GLOBALS_H #define GLOBALS_H #include "SDL/SDL.h" #include "Core.h" #include "GameStates.h" extern SDL_Surface* screen; extern Core core; extern GameStates* currentstate; #endif Globals.cpp #include "Globals.h" #include "SDL/SDL.h" #include "GameStates.h" SDL_Surface* screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(640, 480, 32, SDL_SWSURFACE); Core core; GameStates* currentstate = NULL; GameStates.h #ifndef GAMESTATES_H #define GAMESTATES_H class GameStates { public: virtual void EventHandling() = 0; virtual void Logic() = 0; virtual void Render() = 0; virtual void Update() = 0; }; #endif Introduction.h #ifndef INTRODUCTION_H #define INTRODUCTION_H #include "GameStates.h" #include "Globals.h" class Introduction : public GameStates { public: Introduction(); private: void EventHandling(); void Logic(); void Render(); void Update(); ~Introduction(); SDL_Surface* test; }; #endif Introduction.cpp #include "SDL/SDL.h" #include "Core.h" #include "Globals.h" #include "Introduction.h" /* Loads all the assets */ Introduction::Introduction() { test = core.Load("test.bmp"); } void Introduction::EventHandling() { SDL_Event event; while(SDL_PollEvent(&event)) { switch(event.type) { case SDL_QUIT: core.SetState(core.Quit); break; } } } void Introduction::Logic() { //to be coded } void Introduction::Render() { core.ApplySurface(30, 30, test, screen); } void Introduction::Update() { SDL_Flip(screen); } Introduction::~Introduction() { SDL_FreeSurface(test); } Sorry if the formatting is a bit off... Having to put four spaces for it to be put into a code block offset it a bit. I ran it through gdb and this is what I got: Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault. 0x0000000000400e46 in main () Which isn't incredibly useful... Any help is appreciated. Thank you!

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• Preventing FIN_WAIT2 when closing socket

  - by patrickvacek

  I have a server program that connects to another program via a given socket, and in certain cases I need to close the connection and almost immediately re-open it on the same socket. This by and large works, except that I have to wait exactly one minute for the socket to reset. In the meantime, netstat indicates that the server sees the socket in FIN_WAIT2 and the client sees it as CLOSE_WAIT. I'm already using SO_REUSEADDR, which I thought would prevent the wait, but that isn't doing the trick. Setting SO_LINGER to zero also does not help. What else can I do to resolve this? Here are the relevant code snippets: SetUpSocket() { // Set up the socket and listen for a connection from the exelerate client. // Open a TCP/IP socket. m_baseSock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_IP); if (m_baseSock < 0) { return XERROR; } // Set the socket options to reuse local addresses. int flag = 1; if (setsockopt(m_baseSock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &flag, sizeof(flag)) == -1) { return XERROR; } // Set the socket options to prevent lingering after closing the socket. //~ linger li = {1,0}; //~ if (setsockopt(m_baseSock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_LINGER, &li, sizeof(li)) == -1) //~ { //~ return XERROR; //~ } // Bind the socket to the address of the current host and our given port. struct sockaddr_in addr; memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr)); addr.sin_family = AF_INET; addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; addr.sin_port = htons(m_port); if (bind(m_baseSock, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)) != 0) { return XERROR; } // Tell the socket to listen for a connection from client. if (listen(m_baseSock, 4) != 0) { return XERROR; } return XSUCCESS; } ConnectSocket() { // Add the socket to a file descriptor set. fd_set readfds; FD_ZERO(&readfds); FD_SET(m_baseSock, &readfds); // Set timeout to ten seconds. Plenty of time. struct timeval timeout; timeout.tv_sec = 10; timeout.tv_usec = 0; // Check to see if the socket is ready for reading. int numReady = select(m_baseSock + 1, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout); if (numReady > 0) { int flags = fcntl(m_baseSock, F_GETFL, 0); fcntl(m_baseSock, flags | O_NONBLOCK, 1); // Wait for a connection attempt from the client. Do not block - we shouldn't // need to since we just selected. m_connectedSock = accept(m_baseSock, NULL, NULL); if (m_connectedSock > 0) { m_failedSend = false; m_logout = false; // Spawn a thread to accept commands from client. CreateThread(&m_controlThread, ControlThread, (void *)&m_connectedSock); return XSUCCESS; } } return XERROR; } ControlThread(void *arg) { // Get the socket from the argument. socket sock = *((socket*)arg); while (true) { // Add the socket to a file descriptor set. fd_set readfds; FD_ZERO(&readfds); FD_SET(sock, &readfds); // Set timeout to ten seconds. Plenty of time. struct timeval timeout; timeout.tv_sec = 10; timeout.tv_usec = 0; // Check if there is any readable data on the socket. int num_ready = select(sock + 1, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout); if (num_ready < 0) { return NULL; } // If there is data, read it. else if (num_ready > 0) { // Check the read buffer. xuint8 buf[128]; ssize_t size_read = recv(sock, buf, sizeof(buf)); if (size_read > 0) { // Get the message out of the buffer. char msg = *buf; if (msg == CONNECTED) { // Do some things... } // If we get the log-out message, log out. else if (msg == LOGOUT) { return NULL; } } } } // while return NULL; } ~Server() { // Close the sockets. if (m_baseSock != SOCKET_ERROR) { close(m_baseSock); m_baseSock = SOCKET_ERROR; } if (m_connectedSock != SOCKET_ERROR) { close(m_connectedSock); m_connectedSock = SOCKET_ERROR; } } SOCKET_ERROR is equal to -1. The server object gets destroyed, at which point the connection should close, and then recreated, at which point the SetUpSocket() and ConnectSocket() routines are called. So why do I have to wait a minute for the socket to clear? Any ideas would be appreaciated.

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• ASP.NET Controls – CommunityServer Captcha ControlAdapter, a practical case

  - by nmgomes

  The ControlAdapter is available since .NET framework version 2.0 and his main goal is to adapt and customize a control render in order to achieve a specific behavior or layout. This customization is done without changing the base control. A ControlAdapter is commonly used to custom render for specific platforms like Mobile. In this particular case the ControlAdapter was used to add a specific behavior to a Control. In this  post I will use one adapter to add a Captcha to all WeblogPostCommentForm controls within pontonetpt.com CommunityServer instance. The Challenge The ControlAdapter complexity is usually associated with the complexity/structure of is base control. This case is precisely one of those since base control dynamically load his content (controls) thru several ITemplate. Those of you who already played with ITemplate knows that while it is an excellent option for control composition it also brings to the table a big issue: “Controls defined within a template are not available for manipulation until they are instantiated inside another control.” While analyzing the WeblogPostCommentForm control I found that he uses the ITemplate technique to compose it’s layout and unfortunately I also found that the template content vary from theme to theme. This could have been a problem but luckily WeblogPostCommentForm control template content always contains a submit button with a well known ID (at least I can assume that there are a well known set of IDs). Using this submit button as anchor it’s possible to add the Captcha controls in the correct place. Another important finding was that WeblogPostCommentForm control inherits from the WrappedFormBase control which is the base control for all CommunityServer input forms. Knowing this inheritance link the main goal has changed to became the creation of a base ControlAdapter that  could be extended and customized to allow adding Captcha to: post comments form contact form user creation form. And, with this mind set, I decided to used the following ControlAdapter base class signature :public abstract class WrappedFormBaseCaptchaAdapter<T> : ControlAdapter where T : WrappedFormBase { }Great, but there are still many to do … Captcha The Captcha will be assembled with: A dynamically generated image with a set of random numbers A TextBox control where the image number will be inserted A Validator control to validate whether TextBox numbers match the image numbers This is a common Captcha implementation, is not rocket science and don’t bring any additional problem. The main problem, as told before, is to find the correct anchor control to ensure a correct Captcha control injection. The anchor control can vary by: target control  theme Implementation To support this dynamic scenario I choose to use the following implementation:private List<string> _validAnchorIds = null; protected virtual List<string> ValidAnchorIds { get { if (this._validAnchorIds == null) { this._validAnchorIds = new List<string>(); this._validAnchorIds.Add("btnSubmit"); } return this._validAnchorIds; } } private Control GetAnchorControl(T wrapper) { if (this.ValidAnchorIds == null || this.ValidAnchorIds.Count == 0) { throw new ArgumentException("Cannot be null or empty", "validAnchorNames"); } var q = from anchorId in this.ValidAnchorIds let anchorControl = CSControlUtility.Instance().FindControl(wrapper, anchorId) where anchorControl != null select anchorControl; return q.FirstOrDefault(); } I can now, using the ValidAnchorIds property, configure a set of valid anchor control  Ids. The GetAnchorControl method searches for a valid anchor control within the set of valid control Ids. Here, some of you may question why to use a LINQ To Objects expression, but the important here is to notice the usage of CSControlUtility.Instance().FindControl CommunityServer method. I want to build on top of CommunityServer not to reinvent the wheel. Assuming that an anchor control was found, it’s now possible to inject the Captcha at the correct place. This not something new, we do this all the time when creating server controls or adding dynamic controls:protected sealed override void CreateChildControls() { base.CreateChildControls(); if (this.IsCaptchaRequired) { T wrapper = base.Control as T; if (wrapper != null) { Control anchorControl = GetAnchorControl(wrapper); if (anchorControl != null) { Panel phCaptcha = new Panel {CssClass = "CommonFormField", ID = "Captcha"}; int index = anchorControl.Parent.Controls.IndexOf(anchorControl); anchorControl.Parent.Controls.AddAt(index, phCaptcha); CaptchaConfiguration.DefaultProvider.AddCaptchaControls( phCaptcha, GetValidationGroup(wrapper, anchorControl)); } } } } Here you can see a new entity in action: a provider. This is a CaptchaProvider class instance and is only goal is to create the Captcha itself and do everything else is needed to ensure is correct operation.public abstract class CaptchaProvider : ProviderBase { public abstract void AddCaptchaControls(Panel captchaPanel, string validationGroup); } You can create your own specific CaptchaProvider class to use different Captcha strategies including the use of existing Captcha services  like ReCaptcha. Once the generic ControlAdapter was created became extremely easy to created a specific one. Here is the specific ControlAdapter for the WeblogPostCommentForm control:public class WeblogPostCommentFormCaptchaAdapter : WrappedFormBaseCaptchaAdapter<WrappedFormBase> { #region Overriden Methods protected override List<string> ValidAnchorIds { get { List<string> validAnchorNames = base.ValidAnchorIds; validAnchorNames.Add("CommentSubmit"); return validAnchorNames; } } protected override string DefaultValidationGroup { get { return "CreateCommentForm"; } } #endregion Overriden Methods } Configuration This is the magic step. Without changing the original pages and keeping the application original assemblies untouched we are going to add a new behavior to the CommunityServer application. To glue everything together you must follow this steps: Add the following configuration to default.browser file:<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <browsers> <browser refID="Default"> <controlAdapters> <!-- Adapter for the WeblogPostCommentForm control in order to add the Captcha and prevent SPAM comments --> <adapter controlType="CommunityServer.Blogs.Controls.WeblogPostCommentForm" adapterType="NunoGomes.CommunityServer.Components.WeblogPostCommentFormCaptchaAdapter, NunoGomes.CommunityServer" /> </controlAdapters> </browser> </browsers> Add the following configuration to web.config file:<configuration> <configSections> <!-- New section for Captcha providers configuration --> <section name="communityServer.Captcha" type="NunoGomes.CommunityServer.Captcha.Configuration.CaptchaSection" /> </configSections> <!-- Configuring a simple Captcha provider --> <communityServer.Captcha defaultProvider="simpleCaptcha"> <providers> <add name="simpleCaptcha" type="NunoGomes.CommunityServer.Captcha.Providers.SimpleCaptchaProvider, NunoGomes.CommunityServer" imageUrl="~/captcha.ashx" enabled="true" passPhrase="_YourPassPhrase_" saltValue="_YourSaltValue_" hashAlgorithm="SHA1" passwordIterations="3" keySize="256" initVector="_YourInitVectorWithExactly_16_Bytes_" /> </providers> </communityServer.Captcha> <system.web> <httpHandlers> <!-- The Captcha Image handler used by the simple Captcha provider --> <add verb="GET" path="captcha.ashx" type="NunoGomes.CommunityServer.Captcha.Providers.SimpleCaptchaProviderImageHandler, NunoGomes.CommunityServer" /> </httpHandlers> </system.web> <system.webServer> <handlers accessPolicy="Read, Write, Script, Execute"> <!-- The Captcha Image handler used by the simple Captcha provider --> <add verb="GET" name="captcha" path="captcha.ashx" type="NunoGomes.CommunityServer.Captcha.Providers.SimpleCaptchaProviderImageHandler, NunoGomes.CommunityServer" /> </handlers> </system.webServer> </configuration> Conclusion Building a ControlAdapter can be complex but the reward is his ability to allows us, thru configuration changes, to modify an application render and/or behavior. You can see this ControlAdapter in action here and here (anonymous required). A complete solution is available in “CommunityServer Extensions” Codeplex project.

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• Adding Volcanos and Options - Earthquake Locator, part 2

  - by Bobby Diaz

  Since volcanos are often associated with earthquakes, and vice versa, I decided to show recent volcanic activity on the Earthquake Locator map.  I am pulling the data from a website created for a joint project between the Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Program and the US Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program, found here.  They provide a Weekly Volcanic Activity Report as an RSS feed.   I started implementing this new functionality by creating a new Volcano entity in the domain model and adding the following to the EarthquakeService class (I also factored out the common reading/parsing helper methods to a separate FeedReader class that can be used by multiple domain service classes):           private static readonly string VolcanoFeedUrl =             ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["VolcanoFeedUrl"];           /// <summary>         /// Gets the volcano data for the previous week.         /// </summary>         /// <returns>A queryable collection of <see cref="Volcano"/> objects.</returns>         public IQueryable<Volcano> GetVolcanos()         {             var feed = FeedReader.Load(VolcanoFeedUrl);             var list = new List<Volcano>();               if ( feed != null )             {                 foreach ( var item in feed.Items )                 {                     var quake = CreateVolcano(item);                     if ( quake != null )                     {                         list.Add(quake);                     }                 }             }               return list.AsQueryable();         }           /// <summary>         /// Creates a <see cref="Volcano"/> object for each item in the RSS feed.         /// </summary>         /// <param name="item">The RSS item.</param>         /// <returns></returns>         private Volcano CreateVolcano(SyndicationItem item)         {             Volcano volcano = null;             string title = item.Title.Text;             string desc = item.Summary.Text;             double? latitude = null;             double? longitude = null;               FeedReader.GetGeoRssPoint(item, out latitude, out longitude);               if ( !String.IsNullOrEmpty(title) )             {                 title = title.Substring(0, title.IndexOf('-'));             }             if ( !String.IsNullOrEmpty(desc) )             {                 desc = String.Join("\n\n", desc                         .Replace("<p>", "")                         .Split(                             new string[] { "</p>" },                             StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries)                         .Select(s => s.Trim())                         .ToArray())                         .Trim();             }               if ( latitude != null && longitude != null )             {                 volcano = new Volcano()                 {                     Id = item.Id,                     Title = title,                     Description = desc,                     Url = item.Links.Select(l => l.Uri.OriginalString).FirstOrDefault(),                     Latitude = latitude.GetValueOrDefault(),                     Longitude = longitude.GetValueOrDefault()                 };             }               return volcano;         } I then added the corresponding LoadVolcanos() method and Volcanos collection to the EarthquakeViewModel class in much the same way I did with the Earthquakes in my previous article in this series. Now that I am starting to add more information to the map, I wanted to give the user some options as to what is displayed and allowing them to choose what gets turned off.  I have updated the MainPage.xaml to look like this:   <UserControl x:Class="EarthquakeLocator.MainPage"     xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"     xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"     xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"     xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"     xmlns:basic="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls;assembly=System.Windows.Controls"     xmlns:bing="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Maps.MapControl;assembly=Microsoft.Maps.MapControl"     xmlns:vm="clr-namespace:EarthquakeLocator.ViewModel"     mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignWidth="640" d:DesignHeight="480" >     <UserControl.Resources>         <DataTemplate x:Key="EarthquakeTemplate">             <Ellipse Fill="Red" Stroke="Black" StrokeThickness="1"                      Width="{Binding Size}" Height="{Binding Size}"                      bing:MapLayer.Position="{Binding Location}"                      bing:MapLayer.PositionOrigin="Center">                 <ToolTipService.ToolTip>                     <StackPanel>                         <TextBlock Text="{Binding Title}" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" />                         <TextBlock Text="{Binding UtcTime}" />                         <TextBlock Text="{Binding LocalTime}" />                         <TextBlock Text="{Binding DepthDesc}" />                     </StackPanel>                 </ToolTipService.ToolTip>             </Ellipse>         </DataTemplate>           <DataTemplate x:Key="VolcanoTemplate">             <Polygon Fill="Gold" Stroke="Black" StrokeThickness="1" Points="0,10 5,0 10,10"                      bing:MapLayer.Position="{Binding Location}"                      bing:MapLayer.PositionOrigin="Center"                      MouseLeftButtonUp="Volcano_MouseLeftButtonUp">                 <ToolTipService.ToolTip>                     <StackPanel>                         <TextBlock Text="{Binding Title}" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold" />                         <TextBlock Text="Click icon for more information..." />                     </StackPanel>                 </ToolTipService.ToolTip>             </Polygon>         </DataTemplate>     </UserControl.Resources>       <UserControl.DataContext>         <vm:EarthquakeViewModel AutoLoadData="True" />     </UserControl.DataContext>       <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot">           <bing:Map x:Name="map" CredentialsProvider="--Your-Bing-Maps-Key--"                   Center="{Binding MapCenter, Mode=TwoWay}"                   ZoomLevel="{Binding ZoomLevel, Mode=TwoWay}">               <bing:MapItemsControl ItemsSource="{Binding Earthquakes}"                                   ItemTemplate="{StaticResource EarthquakeTemplate}" />               <bing:MapItemsControl ItemsSource="{Binding Volcanos}"                                   ItemTemplate="{StaticResource VolcanoTemplate}" />         </bing:Map>           <basic:TabControl x:Name="tabs" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" MaxHeight="25" Opacity="0.7">             <basic:TabItem Margin="90,0,-90,0" MouseLeftButtonUp="TabItem_MouseLeftButtonUp">                 <basic:TabItem.Header>                     <TextBlock x:Name="txtHeader" Text="Options"                                FontSize="13" FontWeight="Bold" />                 </basic:TabItem.Header>                   <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">                     <TextBlock Text="Earthquakes:" FontWeight="Bold" Margin="3" />                     <StackPanel Margin="3">                         <CheckBox Content=" &lt; 4.0"                                   IsChecked="{Binding ShowLt4, Mode=TwoWay}" />                         <CheckBox Content="4.0 - 4.9"                                   IsChecked="{Binding Show4s, Mode=TwoWay}" />                         <CheckBox Content="5.0 - 5.9"                                   IsChecked="{Binding Show5s, Mode=TwoWay}" />                     </StackPanel>                       <StackPanel Margin="10,3,3,3">                         <CheckBox Content="6.0 - 6.9"                                   IsChecked="{Binding Show6s, Mode=TwoWay}" />                         <CheckBox Content="7.0 - 7.9"                                   IsChecked="{Binding Show7s, Mode=TwoWay}" />                         <CheckBox Content="8.0 +"                                   IsChecked="{Binding ShowGe8, Mode=TwoWay}" />                     </StackPanel>                       <TextBlock Text="Other:" FontWeight="Bold" Margin="50,3,3,3" />                     <StackPanel Margin="3">                         <CheckBox Content="Volcanos"                                   IsChecked="{Binding ShowVolcanos, Mode=TwoWay}" />                     </StackPanel>                 </StackPanel>               </basic:TabItem>         </basic:TabControl>       </Grid> </UserControl> Notice that I added a VolcanoTemplate that uses a triangle-shaped Polygon to represent the Volcano locations, and I also added a second <bing:MapItemsControl /> tag to the map to bind to the Volcanos collection.  The TabControl found below the map houses the options panel that will present the user with several checkboxes so they can filter the different points based on type and other properties (i.e. Magnitude).  Initially, the TabItem is collapsed to reduce it's footprint, but the screen shot below shows the options panel expanded to reveal the available settings:     I have updated the Source Code and Live Demo to include these new features.   Happy Mapping!

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• Anatomy of a .NET Assembly - Custom attribute encoding

  - by Simon Cooper

  In my previous post, I covered how field, method, and other types of signatures are encoded in a .NET assembly. Custom attribute signatures differ quite a bit from these, which consequently affects attribute specifications in C#. Custom attribute specifications In C#, you can apply a custom attribute to a type or type member, specifying a constructor as well as the values of fields or properties on the attribute type: public class ExampleAttribute : Attribute { public ExampleAttribute(int ctorArg1, string ctorArg2) { ... } public Type ExampleType { get; set; } } [Example(5, "6", ExampleType = typeof(string))] public class C { ... } How does this specification actually get encoded and stored in an assembly? Specification blob values Custom attribute specification signatures use the same building blocks as other types of signatures; the ELEMENT_TYPE structure. However, they significantly differ from other types of signatures, in that the actual parameter values need to be stored along with type information. There are two types of specification arguments in a signature blob; fixed args and named args. Fixed args are the arguments to the attribute type constructor, named arguments are specified after the constructor arguments to provide a value to a field or property on the constructed attribute type (PropertyName = propValue) Values in an attribute blob are limited to one of the basic types (one of the number types, character, or boolean), a reference to a type, an enum (which, in .NET, has to use one of the integer types as a base representation), or arrays of any of those. Enums and the basic types are easy to store in a blob - you simply store the binary representation. Strings are stored starting with a compressed integer indicating the length of the string, followed by the UTF8 characters. Array values start with an integer indicating the number of elements in the array, then the item values concatentated together. Rather than using a coded token, Type values are stored using a string representing the type name and fully qualified assembly name (for example, MyNs.MyType, MyAssembly, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=0123456789abcdef). If the type is in the current assembly or mscorlib then just the type name can be used. This is probably done to prevent direct references between assemblies solely because of attribute specification arguments; assemblies can be loaded in the reflection-only context and attribute arguments still processed, without loading the entire assembly. Fixed and named arguments Each entry in the CustomAttribute metadata table contains a reference to the object the attribute is applied to, the attribute constructor, and the specification blob. The number and type of arguments to the constructor (the fixed args) can be worked out by the method signature referenced by the attribute constructor, and so the fixed args can simply be concatenated together in the blob without any extra type information. Named args are different. These specify the value to assign to a field or property once the attribute type has been constructed. In the CLR, fields and properties can be overloaded just on their type; different fields and properties can have the same name. Therefore, to uniquely identify a field or property you need: Whether it's a field or property (indicated using byte values 0x53 and 0x54, respectively) The field or property type The field or property name After the fixed arg values is a 2-byte number specifying the number of named args in the blob. Each named argument has the above information concatenated together, mostly using the basic ELEMENT_TYPE values, in the same way as a method or field signature. A Type argument is represented using the byte 0x50, and an enum argument is represented using the byte 0x55 followed by a string specifying the name and assembly of the enum type. The named argument property information is followed by the argument value, using the same encoding as fixed args. Boxed objects This would be all very well, were it not for object and object[]. Arguments and properties of type object allow a value of any allowed argument type to be specified. As a result, more information needs to be specified in the blob to interpret the argument bytes as the correct type. So, the argument value is simple prepended with the type of the value by specifying the ELEMENT_TYPE or name of the enum the value represents. For named arguments, a field or property of type object is represented using the byte 0x51, with the actual type specified in the argument value. Some examples... All property signatures start with the 2-byte value 0x0001. Similar to my previous post in the series, names in capitals correspond to a particular byte value in the ELEMENT_TYPE structure. For strings, I'll simply give the string value, rather than the length and UTF8 encoding in the actual blob. I'll be using the following enum and attribute types to demonstrate specification encodings: class AttrAttribute : Attribute { public AttrAttribute() {} public AttrAttribute(Type[] tArray) {} public AttrAttribute(object o) {} public AttrAttribute(MyEnum e) {} public AttrAttribute(ushort x, int y) {} public AttrAttribute(string str, Type type1, Type type2) {} public int Prop1 { get; set; } public object Prop2 { get; set; } public object[] ObjectArray; } enum MyEnum : int { Val1 = 1, Val2 = 2 } Now, some examples: Here, the the specification binds to the (ushort, int) attribute constructor, with fixed args only. The specification blob starts off with a prolog, followed by the two constructor arguments, then the number of named arguments (zero): [Attr(42, 84)] 0x0001 0x002a 0x00000054 0x0000 An example of string and type encoding: [Attr("MyString", typeof(Array), typeof(System.Windows.Forms.Form))] 0x0001 "MyString" "System.Array" "System.Windows.Forms.Form, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" 0x0000 As you can see, the full assembly specification of a type is only needed if the type isn't in the current assembly or mscorlib. Note, however, that the C# compiler currently chooses to fully-qualify mscorlib types anyway. An object argument (this binds to the object attribute constructor), and two named arguments (a null string is represented by 0xff and the empty string by 0x00) [Attr((ushort)40, Prop1 = 12, Prop2 = "")] 0x0001 U2 0x0028 0x0002 0x54 I4 "Prop1" 0x0000000c 0x54 0x51 "Prop2" STRING 0x00 Right, more complicated now. A type array as a fixed argument: [Attr(new[] { typeof(string), typeof(object) })] 0x0001 0x00000002 // the number of elements "System.String" "System.Object" 0x0000 An enum value, which is simply represented using the underlying value. The CLR works out that it's an enum using information in the attribute constructor signature: [Attr(MyEnum.Val1)] 0x0001 0x00000001 0x0000 And finally, a null array, and an object array as a named argument: [Attr((Type[])null, ObjectArray = new object[] { (byte)2, typeof(decimal), null, MyEnum.Val2 })] 0x0001 0xffffffff 0x0001 0x53 SZARRAY 0x51 "ObjectArray" 0x00000004 U1 0x02 0x50 "System.Decimal" STRING 0xff 0x55 "MyEnum" 0x00000002 As you'll notice, a null object is encoded as a null string value, and a null array is represented using a length of -1 (0xffffffff). How does this affect C#? So, we can now explain why the limits on attribute arguments are so strict in C#. Attribute specification blobs are limited to basic numbers, enums, types, and arrays. As you can see, this is because the raw CLR encoding can only accommodate those types. Special byte patterns have to be used to indicate object, string, Type, or enum values in named arguments; you can't specify an arbitary object type, as there isn't a generalised way of encoding the resulting value in the specification blob. In particular, decimal values can't be encoded, as it isn't a 'built-in' CLR type that has a native representation (you'll notice that decimal constants in C# programs are compiled as several integer arguments to DecimalConstantAttribute). Jagged arrays also aren't natively supported, although you can get around it by using an array as a value to an object argument: [Attr(new object[] { new object[] { new Type[] { typeof(string) } }, 42 })] Finally... Phew! That was a bit longer than I thought it would be. Custom attribute encodings are complicated! Hopefully this series has been an informative look at what exactly goes on inside a .NET assembly. In the next blog posts, I'll be carrying on with the 'Inside Red Gate' series.

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• Applying ServiceKnownTypeAttribute to WCF service with Spring

  - by avidgoffer

  I am trying to apply the ServiceKnownTypeAttribute to my WCF Service but keep getting the error below my config. Does anyone have any ideas? <object id="HHGEstimating" type="Spring.ServiceModel.ServiceExporter, Spring.Services"> <property name="TargetName" value="HHGEstimatingHelper"/> <property name="Name" value="HHGEstimating"/> <property name="Namespace" value="http://www.igcsoftware.com/HHGEstimating"/> <property name="TypeAttributes"> <list> <ref local="wcfErrorBehavior"/> <ref local="wcfSilverlightFaultBehavior"/> <object type="System.ServiceModel.ServiceKnownTypeAttribute, System.ServiceModel"> <constructor-arg name="type" value="IGCSoftware.HHG.Business.UserControl.AtlasUser, IGCSoftware.HHG.Business"/> </object> </list> </property> Error thrown by a dependency of object 'HHGEstimating' defined in 'assembly [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null], resource [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService.Resources.Spring.objects.xml] line 46' : '1' constructor arguments specified but no matching constructor found in object 'System.ServiceModel.ServiceKnownTypeAttribute#25A5628' (hint: specify argument indexes, names, or types to avoid ambiguities). while resolving 'TypeAttributes[2]' to 'System.ServiceModel.ServiceKnownTypeAttribute#25A5628' defined in 'assembly [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null], resource [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService.Resources.Spring.objects.xml] line 46' Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code. Exception Details: Spring.Objects.Factory.ObjectCreationException: Error thrown by a dependency of object 'HHGEstimating' defined in 'assembly [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null], resource [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService.Resources.Spring.objects.xml] line 46' : '1' constructor arguments specified but no matching constructor found in object 'System.ServiceModel.ServiceKnownTypeAttribute#25A5628' (hint: specify argument indexes, names, or types to avoid ambiguities). while resolving 'TypeAttributes[2]' to 'System.ServiceModel.ServiceKnownTypeAttribute#25A5628' defined in 'assembly [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null], resource [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService.Resources.Spring.objects.xml] line 46' Source Error: An unhandled exception was generated during the execution of the current web request. Information regarding the origin and location of the exception can be identified using the exception stack trace below. Stack Trace: [ObjectCreationException: Error thrown by a dependency of object 'HHGEstimating' defined in 'assembly [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null], resource [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService.Resources.Spring.objects.xml] line 46' : '1' constructor arguments specified but no matching constructor found in object 'System.ServiceModel.ServiceKnownTypeAttribute#25A5628' (hint: specify argument indexes, names, or types to avoid ambiguities). while resolving 'TypeAttributes[2]' to 'System.ServiceModel.ServiceKnownTypeAttribute#25A5628' defined in 'assembly [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null], resource [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService.Resources.Spring.objects.xml] line 46'] Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.ObjectDefinitionValueResolver.ResolveInnerObjectDefinition(String name, String innerObjectName, String argumentName, IObjectDefinition definition, Boolean singletonOwner) in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Objects\Factory\Support\ObjectDefinitionValueResolver.cs:300 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.ObjectDefinitionValueResolver.ResolvePropertyValue(String name, IObjectDefinition definition, String argumentName, Object argumentValue) in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Objects\Factory\Support\ObjectDefinitionValueResolver.cs:150 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.ObjectDefinitionValueResolver.ResolveValueIfNecessary(String name, IObjectDefinition definition, String argumentName, Object argumentValue) in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Objects\Factory\Support\ObjectDefinitionValueResolver.cs:112 Spring.Objects.Factory.Config.ManagedList.Resolve(String objectName, IObjectDefinition definition, String propertyName, ManagedCollectionElementResolver resolver) in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Objects\Factory\Config\ManagedList.cs:126 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.ObjectDefinitionValueResolver.ResolvePropertyValue(String name, IObjectDefinition definition, String argumentName, Object argumentValue) in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Objects\Factory\Support\ObjectDefinitionValueResolver.cs:201 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.ObjectDefinitionValueResolver.ResolveValueIfNecessary(String name, IObjectDefinition definition, String argumentName, Object argumentValue) in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Objects\Factory\Support\ObjectDefinitionValueResolver.cs:112 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.AbstractAutowireCapableObjectFactory.ApplyPropertyValues(String name, RootObjectDefinition definition, IObjectWrapper wrapper, IPropertyValues properties) in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Objects\Factory\Support\AbstractAutowireCapableObjectFactory.cs:373 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.AbstractAutowireCapableObjectFactory.PopulateObject(String name, RootObjectDefinition definition, IObjectWrapper wrapper) in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Objects\Factory\Support\AbstractAutowireCapableObjectFactory.cs:563 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.AbstractAutowireCapableObjectFactory.ConfigureObject(String name, RootObjectDefinition definition, IObjectWrapper wrapper) in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Objects\Factory\Support\AbstractAutowireCapableObjectFactory.cs:1844 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.AbstractAutowireCapableObjectFactory.InstantiateObject(String name, RootObjectDefinition definition, Object[] arguments, Boolean allowEagerCaching, Boolean suppressConfigure) in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Objects\Factory\Support\AbstractAutowireCapableObjectFactory.cs:918 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.AbstractObjectFactory.CreateAndCacheSingletonInstance(String objectName, RootObjectDefinition objectDefinition, Object[] arguments) in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Objects\Factory\Support\AbstractObjectFactory.cs:2120 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.AbstractObjectFactory.GetObjectInternal(String name, Type requiredType, Object[] arguments, Boolean suppressConfigure) in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Objects\Factory\Support\AbstractObjectFactory.cs:2046 Spring.Objects.Factory.Support.DefaultListableObjectFactory.PreInstantiateSingletons() in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Objects\Factory\Support\DefaultListableObjectFactory.cs:505 Spring.Context.Support.AbstractApplicationContext.Refresh() in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Context\Support\AbstractApplicationContext.cs:911 _dynamic_Spring.Context.Support.XmlApplicationContext..ctor(Object[] ) +197 Spring.Reflection.Dynamic.SafeConstructor.Invoke(Object[] arguments) in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Reflection\Dynamic\DynamicConstructor.cs:116 Spring.Context.Support.RootContextInstantiator.InvokeContextConstructor(ConstructorInfo ctor) in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Context\Support\ContextHandler.cs:550 Spring.Context.Support.ContextInstantiator.InstantiateContext() in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Context\Support\ContextHandler.cs:494 Spring.Context.Support.ContextHandler.InstantiateContext(IApplicationContext parentContext, Object configContext, String contextName, Type contextType, Boolean caseSensitive, String[] resources) in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Context\Support\ContextHandler.cs:330 Spring.Context.Support.ContextHandler.Create(Object parent, Object configContext, XmlNode section) in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Context\Support\ContextHandler.cs:280 [ConfigurationErrorsException: Error creating context 'spring.root': Error thrown by a dependency of object 'HHGEstimating' defined in 'assembly [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null], resource [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService.Resources.Spring.objects.xml] line 46' : '1' constructor arguments specified but no matching constructor found in object 'System.ServiceModel.ServiceKnownTypeAttribute#25A5628' (hint: specify argument indexes, names, or types to avoid ambiguities). while resolving 'TypeAttributes[2]' to 'System.ServiceModel.ServiceKnownTypeAttribute#25A5628' defined in 'assembly [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null], resource [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService.Resources.Spring.objects.xml] line 46'] System.Configuration.BaseConfigurationRecord.EvaluateOne(String[] keys, SectionInput input, Boolean isTrusted, FactoryRecord factoryRecord, SectionRecord sectionRecord, Object parentResult) +202 System.Configuration.BaseConfigurationRecord.Evaluate(FactoryRecord factoryRecord, SectionRecord sectionRecord, Object parentResult, Boolean getLkg, Boolean getRuntimeObject, Object& result, Object& resultRuntimeObject) +1061 System.Configuration.BaseConfigurationRecord.GetSectionRecursive(String configKey, Boolean getLkg, Boolean checkPermission, Boolean getRuntimeObject, Boolean requestIsHere, Object& result, Object& resultRuntimeObject) +1431 System.Configuration.BaseConfigurationRecord.GetSection(String configKey, Boolean getLkg, Boolean checkPermission) +56 System.Configuration.BaseConfigurationRecord.GetSection(String configKey) +8 System.Web.Configuration.HttpConfigurationSystem.GetApplicationSection(String sectionName) +45 System.Web.Configuration.HttpConfigurationSystem.GetSection(String sectionName) +49 System.Web.Configuration.HttpConfigurationSystem.System.Configuration.Internal.IInternalConfigSystem.GetSection(String configKey) +6 System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.GetSection(String sectionName) +78 Spring.Util.ConfigurationUtils.GetSection(String sectionName) in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Util\ConfigurationUtils.cs:69 Spring.Context.Support.ContextRegistry.InitializeContextIfNeeded() in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Context\Support\ContextRegistry.cs:340 Spring.Context.Support.ContextRegistry.GetContext() in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Core\Context\Support\ContextRegistry.cs:206 Spring.ServiceModel.Activation.ServiceHostFactory.CreateServiceHost(String reference, Uri[] baseAddresses) in l:\projects\spring-net\trunk\src\Spring\Spring.Services\ServiceModel\Activation\ServiceHostFactory.cs:66 System.ServiceModel.HostingManager.CreateService(String normalizedVirtualPath) +11687036 System.ServiceModel.HostingManager.ActivateService(String normalizedVirtualPath) +42 System.ServiceModel.HostingManager.EnsureServiceAvailable(String normalizedVirtualPath) +479 [ServiceActivationException: The service '/HHGEstimating.svc' cannot be activated due to an exception during compilation. The exception message is: Error creating context 'spring.root': Error thrown by a dependency of object 'HHGEstimating' defined in 'assembly [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null], resource [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService.Resources.Spring.objects.xml] line 46' : '1' constructor arguments specified but no matching constructor found in object 'System.ServiceModel.ServiceKnownTypeAttribute#25A5628' (hint: specify argument indexes, names, or types to avoid ambiguities). while resolving 'TypeAttributes[2]' to 'System.ServiceModel.ServiceKnownTypeAttribute#25A5628' defined in 'assembly [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null], resource [IGCSoftware.HHG.WebService.Resources.Spring.objects.xml] line 46'.] System.ServiceModel.AsyncResult.End(IAsyncResult result) +11592858 System.ServiceModel.Activation.HostedHttpRequestAsyncResult.End(IAsyncResult result) +194 System.ServiceModel.Activation.HostedHttpRequestAsyncResult.ExecuteSynchronous(HttpApplication context, Boolean flowContext) +176 System.ServiceModel.Activation.HttpModule.ProcessRequest(Object sender, EventArgs e) +275 System.Web.SyncEventExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() +68 System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) +75

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• datagrid binding

  - by abcdd007

  using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Collections; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Data.SqlClient; public partial class OrderMaster : System.Web.UI.Page { BLLOrderMaster objMaster = new BLLOrderMaster(); protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (!Page.IsPostBack) { SetInitialRow(); string OrderNumber = objMaster.SelectDetails().ToString(); if (OrderNumber != "") { txtOrderNo.Text = OrderNumber.ToString(); txtOrderDate.Focus(); } } } private void InsertEmptyRow() { DataTable dt = new DataTable(); DataRow dr = null; dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("ItemCode", typeof(string))); dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Description", typeof(string))); dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Unit", typeof(string))); dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Qty", typeof(string))); dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Rate", typeof(string))); dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Disc", typeof(string))); dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Amount", typeof(string))); for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { dr = dt.NewRow(); dr["ItemCode"] = string.Empty; dr["Description"] = string.Empty; dr["Unit"] = string.Empty; dr["Qty"] = string.Empty; dr["Rate"] = string.Empty; dr["Disc"] = string.Empty; dr["Amount"] = string.Empty; dt.Rows.Add(dr); } //GridView1.DataSource = dt; //GridView1.DataBind(); } private void SetInitialRow() { DataTable dt = new DataTable(); DataRow dr = null; dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("RowNumber", typeof(string))); dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("ItemCode", typeof(string))); dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Description", typeof(string))); dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Unit", typeof(string))); dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Qty", typeof(string))); dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Rate", typeof(string))); dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Disc", typeof(string))); dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Amount", typeof(string))); dr = dt.NewRow(); dr["RowNumber"] = 1; dr["ItemCode"] = string.Empty; dr["Description"] = string.Empty; dr["Unit"] = string.Empty; dr["Qty"] = string.Empty; dr["Rate"] = string.Empty; dr["Disc"] = string.Empty; dr["Amount"] = string.Empty; dt.Rows.Add(dr); //Store DataTable ViewState["OrderDetails"] = dt; Gridview1.DataSource = dt; Gridview1.DataBind(); } protected void AddNewRowToGrid() { int rowIndex = 0; if (ViewState["OrderDetails"] != null) { DataTable dtCurrentTable = (DataTable)ViewState["OrderDetails"]; DataRow drCurrentRow = null; if (dtCurrentTable.Rows.Count > 0) { for (int i = 1; i <= dtCurrentTable.Rows.Count; i++) { //extract the TextBox values TextBox box1 = (TextBox)Gridview1.Rows[rowIndex].Cells[1].FindControl("txtItemCode"); TextBox box2 = (TextBox)Gridview1.Rows[rowIndex].Cells[2].FindControl("txtdescription"); TextBox box3 = (TextBox)Gridview1.Rows[rowIndex].Cells[3].FindControl("txtunit"); TextBox box4 = (TextBox)Gridview1.Rows[rowIndex].Cells[4].FindControl("txtqty"); TextBox box5 = (TextBox)Gridview1.Rows[rowIndex].Cells[5].FindControl("txtRate"); TextBox box6 = (TextBox)Gridview1.Rows[rowIndex].Cells[6].FindControl("txtdisc"); TextBox box7 = (TextBox)Gridview1.Rows[rowIndex].Cells[7].FindControl("txtamount"); drCurrentRow = dtCurrentTable.NewRow(); drCurrentRow["RowNumber"] = i + 1; drCurrentRow["ItemCode"] = box1.Text; drCurrentRow["Description"] = box2.Text; drCurrentRow["Unit"] = box3.Text; drCurrentRow["Qty"] = box4.Text; drCurrentRow["Rate"] = box5.Text; drCurrentRow["Disc"] = box6.Text; drCurrentRow["Amount"] = box7.Text; rowIndex++; } //add new row to DataTable dtCurrentTable.Rows.Add(drCurrentRow); //Store the current data to ViewState ViewState["OrderDetails"] = dtCurrentTable; //Rebind the Grid with the current data Gridview1.DataSource = dtCurrentTable; Gridview1.DataBind(); } } else { // } //Set Previous Data on Postbacks SetPreviousData(); } private void SetPreviousData() { int rowIndex = 0; if (ViewState["OrderDetails"] != null) { DataTable dt = (DataTable)ViewState["OrderDetails"]; if (dt.Rows.Count > 0) { for (int i = 1; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++) { TextBox box1 = (TextBox)Gridview1.Rows[rowIndex].Cells[1].FindControl("txtItemCode"); TextBox box2 = (TextBox)Gridview1.Rows[rowIndex].Cells[2].FindControl("txtdescription"); TextBox box3 = (TextBox)Gridview1.Rows[rowIndex].Cells[3].FindControl("txtunit"); TextBox box4 = (TextBox)Gridview1.Rows[rowIndex].Cells[4].FindControl("txtqty"); TextBox box5 = (TextBox)Gridview1.Rows[rowIndex].Cells[5].FindControl("txtRate"); TextBox box6 = (TextBox)Gridview1.Rows[rowIndex].Cells[6].FindControl("txtdisc"); TextBox box7 = (TextBox)Gridview1.Rows[rowIndex].Cells[7].FindControl("txtamount"); box1.Text = dt.Rows[i]["ItemCode"].ToString(); box2.Text = dt.Rows[i]["Description"].ToString(); box3.Text = dt.Rows[i]["Unit"].ToString(); box4.Text = dt.Rows[i]["Qty"].ToString(); box5.Text = dt.Rows[i]["Rate"].ToString(); box6.Text = dt.Rows[i]["Disc"].ToString(); box7.Text = dt.Rows[i]["Amount"].ToString(); rowIndex++; } dt.AcceptChanges(); } ViewState["OrderDetails"] = dt; } } protected void BindOrderDetails() { DataTable dtOrderDetails = new DataTable(); if (ViewState["OrderDetails"] != null) { dtOrderDetails = (DataTable)ViewState["OrderDetails"]; } else { dtOrderDetails.Columns.Add(""); dtOrderDetails.Columns.Add(""); dtOrderDetails.Columns.Add(""); dtOrderDetails.Columns.Add(""); dtOrderDetails.Columns.Add(""); dtOrderDetails.Columns.Add(""); dtOrderDetails.AcceptChanges(); DataRow dr = dtOrderDetails.NewRow(); dtOrderDetails.Rows.Add(dr); ViewState["OrderDetails"] = dtOrderDetails; } if (dtOrderDetails != null) { Gridview1.DataSource = dtOrderDetails; Gridview1.DataBind(); if (Gridview1.Rows.Count > 0) { ((LinkButton)Gridview1.Rows[Gridview1.Rows.Count - 1].FindControl("btnDelete")).Visible = false; } } } protected void btnSave_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (txtOrderDate.Text != "" && txtOrderNo.Text != "" && txtPartyName.Text != "" && txttotalAmount.Text !="") { BLLOrderMaster bllobj = new BLLOrderMaster(); DataTable dtdetails = new DataTable(); UpdateItemDetailRow(); dtdetails = (DataTable)ViewState["OrderDetails"]; SetValues(bllobj); int k = 0; k = bllobj.Insert_Update_Delete(1, bllobj, dtdetails); if (k > 0) { ScriptManager.RegisterStartupScript(this, this.GetType(), "Login Denied", "<Script>alert('Order Code Alraddy Exist');</Script>", false); } else { ScriptManager.RegisterStartupScript(this, this.GetType(), "Login Denied", "<Script>alert('Record Saved Successfully');</Script>", false); } dtdetails.Clear(); SetInitialRow(); txttotalAmount.Text = ""; txtOrderNo.Text = ""; txtPartyName.Text = ""; txtOrderDate.Text = ""; txttotalQty.Text = ""; string OrderNumber = objMaster.SelectDetails().ToString(); if (OrderNumber != "") { txtOrderNo.Text = OrderNumber.ToString(); txtOrderDate.Focus(); } } else { txtOrderNo.Text = ""; } } public void SetValues(BLLOrderMaster bllobj) { if (txtOrderNo.Text != null && txtOrderNo.Text.ToString() != "") { bllobj.OrNumber = Convert.ToInt16(txtOrderNo.Text); } if (txtOrderDate.Text != null && txtOrderDate.Text.ToString() != "") { bllobj.Date = DateTime.Parse(txtOrderDate.Text.ToString()).ToString("dd/MM/yyyy"); } if (txtPartyName.Text != null && txtPartyName.Text.ToString() != "") { bllobj.PartyName = txtPartyName.Text; } bllobj.TotalBillAmount = txttotalAmount.Text == "" ? 0 : int.Parse(txttotalAmount.Text); bllobj.TotalQty = txttotalQty.Text == "" ? 0 : int.Parse(txttotalQty.Text); } protected void txtdisc_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { double total = 0; double totalqty = 0; foreach (GridViewRow dgvr in Gridview1.Rows) { TextBox tb = (TextBox)dgvr.Cells[7].FindControl("txtamount"); double sum; if (double.TryParse(tb.Text.Trim(), out sum)) { total += sum; } TextBox tb1 = (TextBox)dgvr.Cells[4].FindControl("txtqty"); double qtysum; if (double.TryParse(tb1.Text.Trim(), out qtysum)) { totalqty += qtysum; } } txttotalAmount.Text = total.ToString(); txttotalQty.Text = totalqty.ToString(); AddNewRowToGrid(); Gridview1.TabIndex = 1; } public void UpdateItemDetailRow() { DataTable dt = new DataTable(); if (ViewState["OrderDetails"] != null) { dt = (DataTable)ViewState["OrderDetails"]; } if (dt.Rows.Count > 0) { for (int i = 0; i < Gridview1.Rows.Count; i++) { dt.Rows[i]["ItemCode"] = (Gridview1.Rows[i].FindControl("txtItemCode") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); if (dt.Rows[i]["ItemCode"].ToString() == "") { dt.Rows[i].Delete(); break; } else { dt.Rows[i]["Description"] = (Gridview1.Rows[i].FindControl("txtdescription") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); dt.Rows[i]["Unit"] = (Gridview1.Rows[i].FindControl("txtunit") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); dt.Rows[i]["Qty"] = (Gridview1.Rows[i].FindControl("txtqty") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); dt.Rows[i]["Rate"] = (Gridview1.Rows[i].FindControl("txtRate") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); dt.Rows[i]["Disc"] = (Gridview1.Rows[i].FindControl("txtdisc") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); dt.Rows[i]["Amount"] = (Gridview1.Rows[i].FindControl("txtamount") as TextBox).Text.ToString(); } } dt.AcceptChanges(); } ViewState["OrderDetails"] = dt; } }

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• Problem with onRetainNonConfigurationInstance

  - by David

  I am writing a small app using the Android SDK, 1.6 target, and the Eclipse plug-in. I have layouts for both portrait and landscape mode, and most everything is working well. I say most because I am having issues with the orientation change. One part of the app has a ListView "on top of" another section. That section consists of 4 checkboxes, a button, and some TextViews. That is the portrait version. The landscape version replaces the ListView with a Spinner and rearranges some of the other components (but leaves the ALL resource ids the same). While in either orientation things work like they should. It's when the app switches orientation that things go off. Only 1 of the checkboxes maintains it's state throughout both layout changes. The other three CBs only maintain their state when going from landscape-portrait. I am also having problem getting the ListView/Spinner to correctly set themselves on changing. I am using onRetainNonConfigurationInstance() and creating a custom object that is returned. When I step through the code during a orientation change, the custom object is successfully pulled back out the the ether, and the widgets are being set to the correct values (inspecting them). But for some reason, once the onCreate is done, the checkboxes are not set to true. public class SkillSelectionActivity extends Activity { private Button rollDiceButton; private ListView skillListView; private CheckBox makeCommonCB; private CheckBox useEdgeCB; private CheckBox useSpecializationCB; private CheckBox isExtendedCB; private TextView skillNameView; private TextView skillRanksView; private TextView rollResultView; private TextView rollSuccessesView; private TextView rollFailuresView; private TextView extendedTestTotalView; private TextView extendedTestTimeView; private TextView skillSpecNameView; private int extendedTestTotal = 0; private int extendedTestTime = 0; private Skill currentSkill; private int currentPosition = 0; private SRCharacter character; private int skillSelectionType; private Spinner skillSpinnerView; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.skill_selection2); Intent intent = getIntent(); Bundle extras = intent.getExtras(); skillSelectionType = extras.getInt("SKILL_SELECTION"); skillListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.skillList); skillSpinnerView = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.skillSpinner); rollDiceButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.rollDiceButton); makeCommonCB = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.makeCommonCB); useEdgeCB = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.useEdgeCB); useSpecializationCB = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.useSpecializationCB); isExtendedCB = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.extendedTestCB); skillNameView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.skillName); skillRanksView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.skillRanks); rollResultView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.rollResult); rollSuccessesView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.rollSuccesses); rollFailuresView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.rollFailures); extendedTestTotalView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.extendedTestTotal); extendedTestTimeView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.extendedTestTime); skillSpecNameView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.skillSpecName); character = ((SR4DR) getApplication()).getCharacter(); ConfigSaver data = (ConfigSaver) getLastNonConfigurationInstance(); if (data == null) { makeCommonCB.setChecked(false); useEdgeCB.setChecked(false); useSpecializationCB.setChecked(false); isExtendedCB.setChecked(false); currentSkill = null; } else { currentSkill = data.getSkill(); currentPosition = data.getPosition(); useEdgeCB.setChecked(data.isEdge()); useSpecializationCB.setChecked(data.isSpec()); isExtendedCB.setChecked(data.isExtended()); makeCommonCB.setChecked(data.isCommon()); if (skillSpinnerView != null) { skillSpinnerView.setSelection(currentPosition); } if (skillListView != null) { skillListView.setSelection(currentPosition); } } // Register handler for UI elements rollDiceButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { // guts removed for clarity } }); makeCommonCB.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new OnCheckedChangeListener() { public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) { // guts removed for clarity } }); isExtendedCB.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new OnCheckedChangeListener() { public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) { // guts removed for clarity } }); useEdgeCB.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new OnCheckedChangeListener() { public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) { // guts removed for clarity } }); useSpecializationCB.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new OnCheckedChangeListener() { public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) { // guts removed for clarity } }); if (skillListView != null) { skillListView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() { @Override public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View v, int position, long id) { // guts removed for clarity } }); } if (skillSpinnerView != null) { skillSpinnerView.setOnItemSelectedListener(new MyOnItemSelectedListener()); } populateSkillList(); } private void populateSkillList() { String[] list = character.getSkillNames(skillSelectionType); if (list == null) { list = new String[0]; } if (skillListView != null) { ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, R.layout.list_item, list); skillListView.setAdapter(adapter); } if (skillSpinnerView != null) { ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item, list); adapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item); skillSpinnerView.setAdapter(adapter); } } public class MyOnItemSelectedListener implements OnItemSelectedListener { public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) { // guts removed for clarity } public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) { // Do nothing. } } @Override public Object onRetainNonConfigurationInstance() { ConfigSaver cs = new ConfigSaver(currentSkill, currentPosition, useEdgeCB.isChecked(), useSpecializationCB.isChecked(), makeCommonCB.isChecked(), isExtendedCB.isChecked()); return cs; } class ConfigSaver { private Skill skill = null; private int position = 0; private boolean edge; private boolean spec; private boolean common; private boolean extended; public ConfigSaver(Skill skill, int position, boolean useEdge, boolean useSpec, boolean isCommon, boolean isExt) { this.setSkill(skill); this.position = position; this.edge = useEdge; this.spec = useSpec; this.common = isCommon; this.extended = isExt; } // public getters and setters removed for clarity } }

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• Reflect.Emit Dynamic Type Memory Blowup

  - by Firestrand

  Using C# 3.5 I am trying to generate dynamic types at runtime using reflection emit. I used the Dynamic Query Library sample from Microsoft to create a class generator. Everything works, my problem is that 100 generated types inflate the memory usage by approximately 25MB. This is a completely unacceptable memory profile as eventually I want to support having several hundred thousand types generated in memory. Memory profiling shows that the memory is apparently being held by various System.Reflection.Emit types and methods though I can't figure out why. I haven't found others talking about this problem so I am hoping someone in this community either knows what I am doing wrong or if this is expected behavior. Contrived Example below: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.Reflection; using System.Reflection.Emit; namespace SmallRelfectExample { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { int typeCount = 100; int propCount = 100; Random rand = new Random(); Type dynType = null; for (int i = 0; i < typeCount; i++) { List<DynamicProperty> dpl = new List<DynamicProperty>(propCount); for (int j = 0; j < propCount; j++) { dpl.Add(new DynamicProperty("Key" + rand.Next().ToString(), typeof(String))); } SlimClassFactory scf = new SlimClassFactory(); dynType = scf.CreateDynamicClass(dpl.ToArray(), i); //Optionally do something with the type here } Console.WriteLine("SmallRelfectExample: {0} Types generated.", typeCount); Console.ReadLine(); } } public class SlimClassFactory { private readonly ModuleBuilder module; public SlimClassFactory() { AssemblyName name = new AssemblyName("DynamicClasses"); AssemblyBuilder assembly = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(name, AssemblyBuilderAccess.Run); module = assembly.DefineDynamicModule("Module"); } public Type CreateDynamicClass(DynamicProperty[] properties, int Id) { string typeName = "DynamicClass" + Id.ToString(); TypeBuilder tb = module.DefineType(typeName, TypeAttributes.Class | TypeAttributes.Public, typeof(DynamicClass)); FieldInfo[] fields = GenerateProperties(tb, properties); GenerateEquals(tb, fields); GenerateGetHashCode(tb, fields); Type result = tb.CreateType(); return result; } static FieldInfo[] GenerateProperties(TypeBuilder tb, DynamicProperty[] properties) { FieldInfo[] fields = new FieldBuilder[properties.Length]; for (int i = 0; i < properties.Length; i++) { DynamicProperty dp = properties[i]; FieldBuilder fb = tb.DefineField("_" + dp.Name, dp.Type, FieldAttributes.Private); PropertyBuilder pb = tb.DefineProperty(dp.Name, PropertyAttributes.HasDefault, dp.Type, null); MethodBuilder mbGet = tb.DefineMethod("get_" + dp.Name, MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.SpecialName | MethodAttributes.HideBySig, dp.Type, Type.EmptyTypes); ILGenerator genGet = mbGet.GetILGenerator(); genGet.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); genGet.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, fb); genGet.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); MethodBuilder mbSet = tb.DefineMethod("set_" + dp.Name, MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.SpecialName | MethodAttributes.HideBySig, null, new Type[] { dp.Type }); ILGenerator genSet = mbSet.GetILGenerator(); genSet.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); genSet.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_1); genSet.Emit(OpCodes.Stfld, fb); genSet.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); pb.SetGetMethod(mbGet); pb.SetSetMethod(mbSet); fields[i] = fb; } return fields; } static void GenerateEquals(TypeBuilder tb, FieldInfo[] fields) { MethodBuilder mb = tb.DefineMethod("Equals", MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.ReuseSlot | MethodAttributes.Virtual | MethodAttributes.HideBySig, typeof(bool), new Type[] { typeof(object) }); ILGenerator gen = mb.GetILGenerator(); LocalBuilder other = gen.DeclareLocal(tb); Label next = gen.DefineLabel(); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_1); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Isinst, tb); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Stloc, other); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc, other); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Brtrue_S, next); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); gen.MarkLabel(next); foreach (FieldInfo field in fields) { Type ft = field.FieldType; Type ct = typeof(EqualityComparer<>).MakeGenericType(ft); next = gen.DefineLabel(); gen.EmitCall(OpCodes.Call, ct.GetMethod("get_Default"), null); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, field); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc, other); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, field); gen.EmitCall(OpCodes.Callvirt, ct.GetMethod("Equals", new Type[] { ft, ft }), null); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Brtrue_S, next); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); gen.MarkLabel(next); } gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldc_I4_1); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); } static void GenerateGetHashCode(TypeBuilder tb, FieldInfo[] fields) { MethodBuilder mb = tb.DefineMethod("GetHashCode", MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.ReuseSlot | MethodAttributes.Virtual | MethodAttributes.HideBySig, typeof(int), Type.EmptyTypes); ILGenerator gen = mb.GetILGenerator(); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0); foreach (FieldInfo field in fields) { Type ft = field.FieldType; Type ct = typeof(EqualityComparer<>).MakeGenericType(ft); gen.EmitCall(OpCodes.Call, ct.GetMethod("get_Default"), null); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, field); gen.EmitCall(OpCodes.Callvirt, ct.GetMethod("GetHashCode", new Type[] { ft }), null); gen.Emit(OpCodes.Xor); } gen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); } } public abstract class DynamicClass { public override string ToString() { PropertyInfo[] props = GetType().GetProperties(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.Append("{"); for (int i = 0; i < props.Length; i++) { if (i > 0) sb.Append(", "); sb.Append(props[i].Name); sb.Append("="); sb.Append(props[i].GetValue(this, null)); } sb.Append("}"); return sb.ToString(); } } public class DynamicProperty { private readonly string name; private readonly Type type; public DynamicProperty(string name, Type type) { if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("name"); if (type == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("type"); this.name = name; this.type = type; } public string Name { get { return name; } } public Type Type { get { return type; } } } }

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• Need help using libpng to read an image

  - by jonathanasdf

  Here is my function... I don't know why it's not working. The resulting image looks nothing like what the .png looks like. But there's no errors either. bool Bullet::read_png(std::string file_name, int pos) { png_structp png_ptr; png_infop info_ptr; FILE *fp; if ((fp = fopen(file_name.c_str(), "rb")) == NULL) { return false; } png_ptr = png_create_read_struct(PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING, NULL, NULL, NULL); if (png_ptr == NULL) { fclose(fp); return false; } info_ptr = png_create_info_struct(png_ptr); if (info_ptr == NULL) { fclose(fp); png_destroy_read_struct(&png_ptr, NULL, NULL); return false; } if (setjmp(png_jmpbuf(png_ptr))) { png_destroy_read_struct(&png_ptr, &info_ptr, NULL); fclose(fp); return false; } png_init_io(png_ptr, fp); png_read_png(png_ptr, info_ptr, PNG_TRANSFORM_STRIP_16 | PNG_TRANSFORM_SWAP_ALPHA | PNG_TRANSFORM_EXPAND, NULL); png_uint_32 width = png_get_image_width(png_ptr, info_ptr); png_uint_32 height = png_get_image_height(png_ptr, info_ptr); imageData[pos].width = width; imageData[pos].height = height; png_bytepp row_pointers; row_pointers = png_get_rows(png_ptr, info_ptr); imageData[pos].data = new unsigned int[width*height]; for (unsigned int i=0; i < height; ++i) { memcpy(&imageData[pos].data[i*width], &row_pointers[i], width*sizeof(unsigned int)); } png_destroy_read_struct(&png_ptr, &info_ptr, NULL); fclose(fp); for (unsigned int i=0; i < height; ++i) { for (unsigned int j=0; j < width; ++j) { unsigned int val = imageData[pos].data[i*width+j]; if (val != 0) { unsigned int a = ((val >> 24)); unsigned int r = (((val - (a << 24)) >> 16)); unsigned int g = (((val - (a << 24) - (r << 16)) >> 8)); unsigned int b = (((val - (a << 24) - (r << 16) - (g << 8)))); // for debugging std::string s(AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(i*width+j))); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(val)); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(a)); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(r)); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(g)); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(b)); AS3_Trace(AS3_String(s.c_str())); } } } return true; } ImageData is just a simple struct to keep x, y, width, and height, and imageData is an array of that struct. struct ImageData { int x; int y; int width; int height; unsigned int* data; }; Here is a side by side screenshot of the input and output graphics (something I made in a minute for testing), and this was after setting alpha to 255 in order to make it show up (because the alpha I was getting back was 1). Left side is original, right side is what happened after reading it through this function. Scaled up 400% for visibility. Here is a log of the traces: 0 16855328 1 1 49 32 1 16855424 1 1 49 128 2 16855456 1 1 49 160 3 16855488 1 1 49 192 4 16855520 1 1 49 224 5 16855552 1 1 50 0 6 16855584 1 1 50 32 7 16855616 1 1 50 64 8 16855424 1 1 49 128 9 16855456 1 1 49 160 10 16855488 1 1 49 192 11 16855520 1 1 49 224 12 16855552 1 1 50 0 13 16855584 1 1 50 32 14 16855616 1 1 50 64 15 16855648 1 1 50 96 16 16855456 1 1 49 160 17 16855488 1 1 49 192 18 16855520 1 1 49 224 19 16855552 1 1 50 0 20 16855584 1 1 50 32 21 16855616 1 1 50 64 22 16855648 1 1 50 96 23 16855680 1 1 50 128 24 16855488 1 1 49 192 25 16855520 1 1 49 224 26 16855552 1 1 50 0 27 16855584 1 1 50 32 28 16855616 1 1 50 64 29 16855648 1 1 50 96 30 16855680 1 1 50 128 31 16855712 1 1 50 160 32 16855520 1 1 49 224 33 16855552 1 1 50 0 34 16855584 1 1 50 32 35 16855616 1 1 50 64 36 16855648 1 1 50 96 37 16855680 1 1 50 128 38 16855712 1 1 50 160 39 16855744 1 1 50 192 40 16855552 1 1 50 0 41 16855584 1 1 50 32 42 16855616 1 1 50 64 43 16855648 1 1 50 96 44 16855680 1 1 50 128 45 16855712 1 1 50 160 46 16855744 1 1 50 192 47 16855776 1 1 50 224 48 16855584 1 1 50 32 49 16855616 1 1 50 64 50 16855648 1 1 50 96 51 16855680 1 1 50 128 52 16855712 1 1 50 160 53 16855744 1 1 50 192 54 16855776 1 1 50 224 55 16855808 1 1 51 0 56 16855616 1 1 50 64 57 16855648 1 1 50 96 58 16855680 1 1 50 128 59 16855712 1 1 50 160 60 16855744 1 1 50 192 61 16855776 1 1 50 224 62 16855808 1 1 51 0 63 16855840 1 1 51 32 64 16855648 1 1 50 96 65 16855680 1 1 50 128 66 16855712 1 1 50 160 67 16855744 1 1 50 192 68 16855776 1 1 50 224 69 16855808 1 1 51 0 70 16855840 1 1 51 32 71 16855872 1 1 51 64 72 16855680 1 1 50 128 73 16855712 1 1 50 160 74 16855744 1 1 50 192 75 16855776 1 1 50 224 76 16855808 1 1 51 0 77 16855840 1 1 51 32 78 16855872 1 1 51 64 79 16855904 1 1 51 96 80 16855712 1 1 50 160 81 16855744 1 1 50 192 82 16855776 1 1 50 224 83 16855808 1 1 51 0 84 16855840 1 1 51 32 85 16855872 1 1 51 64 86 16855904 1 1 51 96 87 16855936 1 1 51 128 88 16855744 1 1 50 192 89 16855776 1 1 50 224 90 16855808 1 1 51 0 91 16855840 1 1 51 32 92 16855872 1 1 51 64 93 16855904 1 1 51 96 94 16855936 1 1 51 128 95 16855968 1 1 51 160 96 16855776 1 1 50 224 97 16855808 1 1 51 0 98 16855840 1 1 51 32 99 16855872 1 1 51 64 100 16855904 1 1 51 96 101 16855936 1 1 51 128 102 16855968 1 1 51 160 103 16856000 1 1 51 192 104 16855808 1 1 51 0 105 16855840 1 1 51 32 106 16855872 1 1 51 64 107 16855904 1 1 51 96 108 16855936 1 1 51 128 109 16855968 1 1 51 160 110 16856000 1 1 51 192 111 16856032 1 1 51 224 112 16855840 1 1 51 32 113 16855872 1 1 51 64 114 16855904 1 1 51 96 115 16855936 1 1 51 128 116 16855968 1 1 51 160 117 16856000 1 1 51 192 118 16856032 1 1 51 224 119 16856064 1 1 52 0 120 16855872 1 1 51 64 121 16855904 1 1 51 96 122 16855936 1 1 51 128 123 16855968 1 1 51 160 124 16856000 1 1 51 192 125 16856032 1 1 51 224 126 16856064 1 1 52 0 127 16856096 1 1 52 32 128 16855904 1 1 51 96 129 16855936 1 1 51 128 130 16855968 1 1 51 160 131 16856000 1 1 51 192 132 16856032 1 1 51 224 133 16856064 1 1 52 0 134 16856096 1 1 52 32 135 16856128 1 1 52 64 136 16855936 1 1 51 128 137 16855968 1 1 51 160 138 16856000 1 1 51 192 139 16856032 1 1 51 224 140 16856064 1 1 52 0 141 16856096 1 1 52 32 142 16856128 1 1 52 64 143 16856160 1 1 52 96 144 16855968 1 1 51 160 145 16856000 1 1 51 192 146 16856032 1 1 51 224 147 16856064 1 1 52 0 148 16856096 1 1 52 32 149 16856128 1 1 52 64 150 16856160 1 1 52 96 151 16856192 1 1 52 128 152 16856000 1 1 51 192 153 16856032 1 1 51 224 154 16856064 1 1 52 0 155 16856096 1 1 52 32 156 16856128 1 1 52 64 157 16856160 1 1 52 96 158 16856192 1 1 52 128 159 16856224 1 1 52 160 160 16856032 1 1 51 224 161 16856064 1 1 52 0 162 16856096 1 1 52 32 163 16856128 1 1 52 64 164 16856160 1 1 52 96 165 16856192 1 1 52 128 166 16856224 1 1 52 160 167 16856256 1 1 52 192 168 16856064 1 1 52 0 169 16856096 1 1 52 32 170 16856128 1 1 52 64 171 16856160 1 1 52 96 172 16856192 1 1 52 128 173 16856224 1 1 52 160 174 16856256 1 1 52 192 175 16856288 1 1 52 224 176 16856096 1 1 52 32 177 16856128 1 1 52 64 178 16856160 1 1 52 96 179 16856192 1 1 52 128 180 16856224 1 1 52 160 181 16856256 1 1 52 192 182 16856288 1 1 52 224 183 16856320 1 1 53 0 184 16856128 1 1 52 64 185 16856160 1 1 52 96 186 16856192 1 1 52 128 187 16856224 1 1 52 160 188 16856256 1 1 52 192 189 16856288 1 1 52 224 190 16856320 1 1 53 0 192 16856160 1 1 52 96 193 16856192 1 1 52 128 194 16856224 1 1 52 160 195 16856256 1 1 52 192 196 16856288 1 1 52 224 197 16856320 1 1 53 0 200 16856192 1 1 52 128 201 16856224 1 1 52 160 202 16856256 1 1 52 192 203 16856288 1 1 52 224 204 16856320 1 1 53 0 208 16856224 1 1 52 160 209 16856256 1 1 52 192 210 16856288 1 1 52 224 211 16856320 1 1 53 0 216 16856256 1 1 52 192 217 16856288 1 1 52 224 218 16856320 1 1 53 0 224 16856288 1 1 52 224 225 16856320 1 1 53 0 232 16856320 1 1 53 0 Was stuck on this for a couple of days.

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• Managing the layout of a Java MainFrame of Canvas3d

  - by John N

  Hi, Im trying to organise the layout of four canvas3d objects in a single MainFrame. Iv tried using some layout managers but none are working (or im doing it wrong). Can anyone give me advice or point me to a way to get this to display the four canvas's as a grid of four? Thanks, John public class Main { public static void Main(){ Window win = new Window(); } } import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.Locale; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalBody; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalEnvironment; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.View; import javax.media.j3d.ViewPlatform; import javax.media.j3d.VirtualUniverse; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.utils.picking.PickCanvas; public class Universe { boolean camera = true; Canvas3D canvas1, canvas2, canvas3, canvas4; VirtualUniverse universe; Locale locale; TransformGroup vpTrans1, vpTransRight, vpTransFront, vpTransPers; TransformGroup mouseTransform = null; View view1, view2, view3, view4; BranchGroup scene; PickCanvas pickCanvas1 = null; PickCanvas pickCanvas2 = null; PickCanvas pickCanvas3 = null; PickCanvas pickCanvas4 = null; BranchGroup obj = new BranchGroup(); // Create a BranchGroup node for the view platform BranchGroup vpRoot = new BranchGroup(); //Temp vars for cam movement public Universe(Canvas3D c1, Canvas3D c2, Canvas3D c3, Canvas3D c4, BranchGroup scene) { this.canvas1 = c1; this.canvas2 = c2; this.canvas3 = c3; this.canvas4 = c4; this.scene = scene; // Establish a virtual universe that has a single // hi-res Locale universe = new VirtualUniverse(); locale = new Locale(universe); // Create a PhysicalBody and PhysicalEnvironment object PhysicalBody body = new PhysicalBody(); PhysicalEnvironment environment = new PhysicalEnvironment(); // Create a View and attach the Canvas3D and the physical // body and environment to the view. view1 = new View(); view1.addCanvas3D(c1); view1.addCanvas3D(c2); view1.addCanvas3D(c3); view1.addCanvas3D(c4); view1.setPhysicalBody(body); view1.setPhysicalEnvironment(environment); // Create a BranchGroup node for the view platform BranchGroup vpRoot = new BranchGroup(); // Create a ViewPlatform object, and its associated // TransformGroup object, and attach it to the root of the // subgraph. Attach the view to the view platform. Transform3D t = new Transform3D(); t.set(new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 2.0f)); ViewPlatform vp = new ViewPlatform(); vpTrans1 = new TransformGroup(t); vpTrans1.addChild(vp); vpRoot.addChild(vpTrans1); vpRoot.addChild(scene); view1.attachViewPlatform(vp); // Attach the branch graph to the universe, via the // Locale. The scene graph is now live! locale.addBranchGraph(vpRoot); } } import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.Locale; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalBody; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalEnvironment; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.View; import javax.media.j3d.ViewPlatform; import javax.media.j3d.VirtualUniverse; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.utils.picking.PickCanvas; public class Universe { boolean camera = true; Canvas3D canvas1, canvas2, canvas3, canvas4; VirtualUniverse universe; Locale locale; TransformGroup vpTrans1, vpTransRight, vpTransFront, vpTransPers; TransformGroup mouseTransform = null; View view1, view2, view3, view4; BranchGroup scene; PickCanvas pickCanvas1 = null; PickCanvas pickCanvas2 = null; PickCanvas pickCanvas3 = null; PickCanvas pickCanvas4 = null; BranchGroup obj = new BranchGroup(); // Create a BranchGroup node for the view platform BranchGroup vpRoot = new BranchGroup(); //Temp vars for cam movement public Universe(Canvas3D c1, Canvas3D c2, Canvas3D c3, Canvas3D c4, BranchGroup scene) { this.canvas1 = c1; this.canvas2 = c2; this.canvas3 = c3; this.canvas4 = c4; this.scene = scene; // Establish a virtual universe that has a single // hi-res Locale universe = new VirtualUniverse(); locale = new Locale(universe); // Create a PhysicalBody and PhysicalEnvironment object PhysicalBody body = new PhysicalBody(); PhysicalEnvironment environment = new PhysicalEnvironment(); // Create a View and attach the Canvas3D and the physical // body and environment to the view. view1 = new View(); view1.addCanvas3D(c1); view1.addCanvas3D(c2); view1.addCanvas3D(c3); view1.addCanvas3D(c4); view1.setPhysicalBody(body); view1.setPhysicalEnvironment(environment); // Create a BranchGroup node for the view platform BranchGroup vpRoot = new BranchGroup(); // Create a ViewPlatform object, and its associated // TransformGroup object, and attach it to the root of the // subgraph. Attach the view to the view platform. Transform3D t = new Transform3D(); t.set(new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 2.0f)); ViewPlatform vp = new ViewPlatform(); vpTrans1 = new TransformGroup(t); vpTrans1.addChild(vp); vpRoot.addChild(vpTrans1); vpRoot.addChild(scene); view1.attachViewPlatform(vp); // Attach the branch graph to the universe, via the // Locale. The scene graph is now live! locale.addBranchGraph(vpRoot); } }

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• Android: NullPointerException error in getting data in database

  - by Gil Viernes Marcelo

  This what happens in the system. 1. Admin login this is in other activity but i will not post it coz it has nothing to do with this (no problem) 2. Register user in system (using database no problem) 3. Click add user button (where existing user who register must display its name in ListView) Problem: When I click adduser to see if the system registered the user, it force close. CurrentUser.java package com.example.istronggyminstructor; import java.util.ArrayList; import android.os.Bundle; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.database.Cursor; import android.view.Gravity; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams; import android.view.WindowManager; import android.widget.ArrayAdapter; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.FrameLayout; import android.widget.ListView; import android.widget.PopupWindow; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Random; import com.example.istronggyminstructor.registeredUserList.Users; import android.content.ContentValues; import android.database.Cursor; import android.database.SQLException; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase; public class CurrentUsers extends Activity { private Button register; private Button adduser; EditText getusertext, getpass, getweight, textdisp; View popupview, popupview2; public static ArrayList<String> ArrayofName = new ArrayList<String>(); protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_current_users); register = (Button) findViewById(R.id.regbut); adduser = (Button) findViewById(R.id.addbut); register.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View arg0) { LayoutInflater inflator = (LayoutInflater) getBaseContext() .getSystemService(LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE); popupview = inflator.inflate(R.layout.popup, null); final PopupWindow popupWindow = new PopupWindow(popupview, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); popupWindow.showAtLocation(popupview, Gravity.CENTER, 0, 0); popupWindow.setFocusable(true); popupWindow.update(); Button dismissbtn = (Button) popupview.findViewById(R.id.close); dismissbtn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View arg0) { popupWindow.dismiss(); } }); popupWindow.showAsDropDown(register, 50, -30); } }); //Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(new forceclose(this)); } public void registerUser(View v) { EditText username = (EditText) popupview.findViewById(R.id.usertext); EditText password = (EditText) popupview .findViewById(R.id.passwordtext); EditText weight = (EditText) popupview.findViewById(R.id.weight); String getUsername = username.getText().toString(); String getPassword = password.getText().toString(); String getWeight = weight.getText().toString(); dataHandler dbHandler = new dataHandler(this, null, null, 1); Users user = new Users(getUsername, getPassword, Integer.parseInt(getWeight)); dbHandler.addUsers(user); Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Registering...", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } public void onClick_addUser(View v) { LayoutInflater inflator = (LayoutInflater) getBaseContext() .getSystemService(LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE); popupview2 = inflator.inflate(R.layout.popup2, null); final PopupWindow popupWindow = new PopupWindow(popupview2, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); popupWindow.showAtLocation(popupview2, Gravity.CENTER, 0, -10); popupWindow.setFocusable(true); popupWindow.update(); Button dismissbtn = (Button) popupview2.findViewById(R.id.close2); dismissbtn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View arg0) { popupWindow.dismiss(); } }); popupWindow.showAsDropDown(register, 50, -30); dataHandler dbHandler = new dataHandler(this, null, null, 1); dbHandler.getAllUsers(); ListView list = (ListView)findViewById(R.layout.popup2); ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, ArrayofName); list.setAdapter(adapter); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.current_users, menu); return true; } } registeredUserList.java package com.example.istronggyminstructor; public class registeredUserList { public static class Users { private static int _id; private static String _users; private static String _password; private static int _weight; private static String[] _workoutlists; private static int _score; public Users() { } public Users(String username, String password, int weight) { _users = username; _password = password; _weight = weight; } public int getId() { return _id; } public static void setId(int id) { _id = id; } public String getUsers() { return _users; } public static void setUsers(String users) { _users = users; } public String getPassword(){ return _password; } public void setPassword(String password){ _password = password; } public int getWeight(){ return _weight; } public static void setWeight(int weight){ _weight = weight; } public String[] getWorkoutLists(){ return _workoutlists; } public void setWorkoutLists(String[] workoutlists){ _workoutlists = workoutlists; } public int score(){ return _score; } public void score(int score){ _score = score; } } } dataHandler.java package com.example.istronggyminstructor; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import com.example.istronggyminstructor.registeredUserList.Users; import android.content.ContentValues; import android.content.Context; import android.database.Cursor; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper; public class dataHandler extends SQLiteOpenHelper { private static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 1; private static final String DATABASE_NAME = "userInfo.db"; public static final String TABLE_USERINFO = "user"; public static final String COLUMN_ID = "_id"; public static final String COLUMN_USERNAME = "username"; public static final String COLUMN_PASSWORD = "password"; public static final String COLUMN_WEIGHT = "weight"; public dataHandler(Context context, String name, CursorFactory factory, int version) { super(context, DATABASE_NAME, factory, DATABASE_VERSION); } @Override public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) { String CREATE_USER_TABLE = "CREATE TABLE " + TABLE_USERINFO + " (" + COLUMN_ID + " INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, " + COLUMN_USERNAME + " TEXT," + COLUMN_PASSWORD + " TEXT, " + COLUMN_WEIGHT + " INTEGER " + ");"; db.execSQL(CREATE_USER_TABLE); } @Override public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) { db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + TABLE_USERINFO); onCreate(db); } public void addUsers(Users user) { ContentValues values = new ContentValues(); values.put(COLUMN_USERNAME, user.getUsers()); values.put(COLUMN_PASSWORD, user.getPassword()); values.put(COLUMN_WEIGHT, user.getWeight()); SQLiteDatabase db = this.getWritableDatabase(); db.insert(TABLE_USERINFO, null, values); db.close(); } public Users findUsers(String username) { String query = "Select * FROM " + TABLE_USERINFO + " WHERE " + COLUMN_USERNAME + " = \"" + username + "\""; SQLiteDatabase db = this.getWritableDatabase(); Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery(query, null); Users user = new Users(); if (cursor.moveToFirst()) { cursor.moveToFirst(); Users.setUsers(cursor.getString(1)); //Users.setWeight(Integer.parseInt(cursor.getString(3))); not yet needed cursor.close(); } else { user = null; } db.close(); return user; } public List<Users> getAllUsers(){ List<Users> user = new ArrayList(); String selectQuery = "SELECT * FROM " + TABLE_USERINFO; SQLiteDatabase db = this.getWritableDatabase(); Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery(selectQuery, null); if (cursor.moveToFirst()) { do { Users users = new Users(); users.setUsers(cursor.getString(1)); String name = cursor.getString(1); CurrentUsers.ArrayofName.add(name); // Adding contact to list user.add(users); } while (cursor.moveToNext()); } // return user list return user; } public boolean deleteUsers(String username) { boolean result = false; String query = "Select * FROM " + TABLE_USERINFO + " WHERE " + COLUMN_USERNAME + " = \"" + username + "\""; SQLiteDatabase db = this.getWritableDatabase(); Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery(query, null); Users user = new Users(); if (cursor.moveToFirst()) { Users.setId(Integer.parseInt(cursor.getString(0))); db.delete(TABLE_USERINFO, COLUMN_ID + " = ?", new String[] { String.valueOf(user.getId()) }); cursor.close(); result = true; } db.close(); return result; } } Logcat 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): FATAL EXCEPTION: main 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): java.lang.IllegalStateException: Could not execute method of the activity 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): at android.view.View$1.onClick(View.java:3599) 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:4204) 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:17355) 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:725) 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:92) 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137) 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5041) 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511) 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:793) 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:560) 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511) 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): at android.view.View$1.onClick(View.java:3594) 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): ... 11 more 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): at com.example.istronggyminstructor.CurrentUsers.onClick_addUser(CurrentUsers.java:118) 08-20 03:23:23.293: E/AndroidRuntime(16363): ... 14 more

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• Out of memory exception during scrolling of listview

  - by user1761316

  I am using facebook data like postedpicture,profile picture,name,message in my listview.I am getting an OOM error while doing fast scrolling of listview. I am also having scrollviewlistener in my application that loads more data when the scrollbar reaches the bottom of the screen.I just want to know whether I need to change anything in this class. imageLoader.DisplayImage(postimage.get(position).replace(" ", "%20"), postimg) ; I am using the above line to call the method in this imageloader class to set the bitmap to imageview. Here is my imageloader class import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.URL; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Stack; import java.util.WeakHashMap; import com.stellent.beerbro.Wall; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.graphics.Bitmap.Config; import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; import android.graphics.Canvas; import android.graphics.Paint; import android.graphics.PorterDuff.Mode; import android.graphics.PorterDuffXfermode; import android.graphics.Rect; import android.graphics.RectF; import android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable; import android.util.Log; import android.widget.ImageView; public class ImageLoader { MemoryCache memoryCache=new MemoryCache(); FileCache fileCache; private Map<ImageView, String> imageViews=Collections.synchronizedMap(new WeakHashMap<ImageView, String>()); public ImageLoader(Context context){ //Make the background thead low priority. This way it will not affect the UI performance photoLoaderThread.setPriority(Thread.NORM_PRIORITY-1); fileCache=new FileCache(context); } // final int stub_id=R.drawable.stub; public void DisplayImage(String url,ImageView imageView) { imageViews.put(imageView, url); System.gc(); // Bitmap bitmap=createScaledBitmap(memoryCache.get(url), 100,100,0); Bitmap bitmap=memoryCache.get(url); // Bitmap bitmaps=bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bitmap, 0, 100, 100); if(bitmap!=null) { imageView.setBackgroundDrawable(new BitmapDrawable(bitmap)); // imageView.setImageBitmap(getRoundedCornerBitmap( bitmap, 10,70,70)); // imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap); // Log.v("first", "first"); } else { queuePhoto(url, imageView); // Log.v("second", "second"); } } private Bitmap createScaledBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, int i, int j, int k) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null; } private void queuePhoto(String url, ImageView imageView) { //This ImageView may be used for other images before. So there may be some old tasks in the queue. We need to discard them. photosQueue.Clean(imageView); PhotoToLoad p=new PhotoToLoad(url, imageView); synchronized(photosQueue.photosToLoad){ photosQueue.photosToLoad.push(p); photosQueue.photosToLoad.notifyAll(); } //start thread if it's not started yet if(photoLoaderThread.getState()==Thread.State.NEW) photoLoaderThread.start(); } public Bitmap getBitmap(String url) { File f=fileCache.getFile(url); //from SD cache Bitmap b = decodeFile(f); if(b!=null) return b; //from web try { Bitmap bitmap=null; URL imageUrl = new URL(url); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)imageUrl.openConnection(); conn.setConnectTimeout(30000); conn.setReadTimeout(30000); InputStream is=conn.getInputStream(); OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(f); Utils.CopyStream(is, os); os.close(); bitmap = decodeFile(f); return bitmap; } catch (Exception ex){ ex.printStackTrace(); return null; } }//Lalit //decodes image and scales it to reduce memory consumption private Bitmap decodeFile(File f){ try { //decode image size BitmapFactory.Options o = new BitmapFactory.Options(); o.inJustDecodeBounds = true; BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f),null,o); //Find the correct scale value. It should be the power of 2. final int REQUIRED_SIZE=Wall.width; final int REQUIRED_SIZE1=Wall.height; // final int REQUIRED_SIZE=250; // int width_tmp=o.outWidth, height_tmp=o.outHeight; int scale=1; // while(o.outWidth/scale/2>=REQUIRED_SIZE && o.outHeight/scale/2>=REQUIRED_SIZE) //// scale*=2; while(true){ if(width_tmp/2<REQUIRED_SIZE && height_tmp/2<REQUIRED_SIZE1) break; width_tmp/=2; height_tmp/=2; scale*=2; } //decode with inSampleSize BitmapFactory.Options o2 = new BitmapFactory.Options(); o2.inSampleSize=scale; // o2.inSampleSize=2; return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, o2); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {} return null; } //Task for the queue private class PhotoToLoad { public String url; public ImageView imageView; public PhotoToLoad(String u, ImageView i){ url=u; imageView=i; } } PhotosQueue photosQueue=new PhotosQueue(); public void stopThread() { photoLoaderThread.interrupt(); } //stores list of photos to download class PhotosQueue { private Stack<PhotoToLoad> photosToLoad=new Stack<PhotoToLoad>(); //removes all instances of this ImageView public void Clean(ImageView image) { for(int j=0 ;j<photosToLoad.size();){ if(photosToLoad.get(j).imageView==image) photosToLoad.remove(j); else ++j; } } } class PhotosLoader extends Thread { public void run() { try { while(true) { //thread waits until there are any images to load in the queue if(photosQueue.photosToLoad.size()==0) synchronized(photosQueue.photosToLoad){ photosQueue.photosToLoad.wait(); } if(photosQueue.photosToLoad.size()!=0) { PhotoToLoad photoToLoad; synchronized(photosQueue.photosToLoad){ photoToLoad=photosQueue.photosToLoad.pop(); } Bitmap bmp=getBitmap(photoToLoad.url); memoryCache.put(photoToLoad.url, bmp); String tag=imageViews.get(photoToLoad.imageView); if(tag!=null && tag.equals(photoToLoad.url)){ BitmapDisplayer bd=new BitmapDisplayer(bmp, photoToLoad.imageView); Activity a=(Activity)photoToLoad.imageView.getContext(); a.runOnUiThread(bd); } } if(Thread.interrupted()) break; } } catch (InterruptedException e) { //allow thread to exit } } } PhotosLoader photoLoaderThread=new PhotosLoader(); //Used to display bitmap in the UI thread class BitmapDisplayer implements Runnable { Bitmap bitmap; ImageView imageView; public BitmapDisplayer(Bitmap b, ImageView i){bitmap=b;imageView=i;} public void run() { if(bitmap!=null) imageView.setBackgroundDrawable(new BitmapDrawable(bitmap)); } } public void clearCache() { memoryCache.clear(); fileCache.clear(); } public static Bitmap getRoundedCornerBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, int pixels,int width,int height) { Bitmap output = Bitmap.createBitmap(width,height, Config.ARGB_8888); Canvas canvas = new Canvas(output); final int color = 0xff424242; final Paint paint = new Paint(); final Rect rect = new Rect(0, 0, bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight()); final RectF rectF = new RectF(rect); final float roundPx = pixels; paint.setAntiAlias(true); canvas.drawARGB(0, 0, 0, 0); paint.setColor(color); canvas.drawRoundRect(rectF, roundPx, roundPx, paint); paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(Mode.SRC_IN)); canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, rect, rect, paint); return output; } }

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• libpng cannot read an image properly

  - by jonathanasdf

  Here is my function... I don't know why it's not working. The resulting image looks nothing like what the .png looks like. But there's no errors either. bool Bullet::read_png(std::string file_name, int pos) { png_structp png_ptr; png_infop info_ptr; FILE *fp; if ((fp = fopen(file_name.c_str(), "rb")) == NULL) { return false; } png_ptr = png_create_read_struct(PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING, NULL, NULL, NULL); if (png_ptr == NULL) { fclose(fp); return false; } info_ptr = png_create_info_struct(png_ptr); if (info_ptr == NULL) { fclose(fp); png_destroy_read_struct(&png_ptr, NULL, NULL); return false; } if (setjmp(png_jmpbuf(png_ptr))) { png_destroy_read_struct(&png_ptr, &info_ptr, NULL); fclose(fp); return false; } png_init_io(png_ptr, fp); png_read_png(png_ptr, info_ptr, PNG_TRANSFORM_STRIP_16 | PNG_TRANSFORM_SWAP_ALPHA | PNG_TRANSFORM_EXPAND, NULL); png_uint_32 width = png_get_image_width(png_ptr, info_ptr); png_uint_32 height = png_get_image_height(png_ptr, info_ptr); imageData[pos].width = width; imageData[pos].height = height; png_bytepp row_pointers; row_pointers = png_get_rows(png_ptr, info_ptr); imageData[pos].data = new unsigned int[width*height]; for (unsigned int i=0; i < height; ++i) { memcpy(&imageData[pos].data[i*width], &row_pointers[i], width*sizeof(unsigned int)); } png_destroy_read_struct(&png_ptr, &info_ptr, NULL); fclose(fp); for (unsigned int i=0; i < height; ++i) { for (unsigned int j=0; j < width; ++j) { unsigned int val = imageData[pos].data[i*width+j]; if (val != 0) { unsigned int a = ((val >> 24)); unsigned int r = (((val - (a << 24)) >> 16)); unsigned int g = (((val - (a << 24) - (r << 16)) >> 8)); unsigned int b = (((val - (a << 24) - (r << 16) - (g << 8)))); // for debugging std::string s(AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(i*width+j))); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(val)); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(a)); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(r)); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(g)); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(b)); AS3_Trace(AS3_String(s.c_str())); } } } return true; } ImageData is just a simple struct to keep x, y, width, and height, and imageData is an array of that struct. struct ImageData { int x; int y; int width; int height; unsigned int* data; }; Here is a side by side screenshot of the input and output graphics (something I made in a minute for testing), and this was after setting alpha to 255 in order to make it show up (because the alpha I was getting back was 1). Left side is original, right side is what happened after reading it through this function. Scaled up 400% for visibility. Here is a log of the traces: 0 16855328 1 1 49 32 1 16855424 1 1 49 128 2 16855456 1 1 49 160 3 16855488 1 1 49 192 4 16855520 1 1 49 224 5 16855552 1 1 50 0 6 16855584 1 1 50 32 7 16855616 1 1 50 64 8 16855424 1 1 49 128 9 16855456 1 1 49 160 10 16855488 1 1 49 192 11 16855520 1 1 49 224 12 16855552 1 1 50 0 13 16855584 1 1 50 32 14 16855616 1 1 50 64 15 16855648 1 1 50 96 16 16855456 1 1 49 160 17 16855488 1 1 49 192 18 16855520 1 1 49 224 19 16855552 1 1 50 0 20 16855584 1 1 50 32 21 16855616 1 1 50 64 22 16855648 1 1 50 96 23 16855680 1 1 50 128 24 16855488 1 1 49 192 25 16855520 1 1 49 224 26 16855552 1 1 50 0 27 16855584 1 1 50 32 28 16855616 1 1 50 64 29 16855648 1 1 50 96 30 16855680 1 1 50 128 31 16855712 1 1 50 160 32 16855520 1 1 49 224 33 16855552 1 1 50 0 34 16855584 1 1 50 32 35 16855616 1 1 50 64 36 16855648 1 1 50 96 37 16855680 1 1 50 128 38 16855712 1 1 50 160 39 16855744 1 1 50 192 40 16855552 1 1 50 0 41 16855584 1 1 50 32 42 16855616 1 1 50 64 43 16855648 1 1 50 96 44 16855680 1 1 50 128 45 16855712 1 1 50 160 46 16855744 1 1 50 192 47 16855776 1 1 50 224 48 16855584 1 1 50 32 49 16855616 1 1 50 64 50 16855648 1 1 50 96 51 16855680 1 1 50 128 52 16855712 1 1 50 160 53 16855744 1 1 50 192 54 16855776 1 1 50 224 55 16855808 1 1 51 0 56 16855616 1 1 50 64 57 16855648 1 1 50 96 58 16855680 1 1 50 128 59 16855712 1 1 50 160 60 16855744 1 1 50 192 61 16855776 1 1 50 224 62 16855808 1 1 51 0 63 16855840 1 1 51 32 64 16855648 1 1 50 96 65 16855680 1 1 50 128 66 16855712 1 1 50 160 67 16855744 1 1 50 192 68 16855776 1 1 50 224 69 16855808 1 1 51 0 70 16855840 1 1 51 32 71 16855872 1 1 51 64 72 16855680 1 1 50 128 73 16855712 1 1 50 160 74 16855744 1 1 50 192 75 16855776 1 1 50 224 76 16855808 1 1 51 0 77 16855840 1 1 51 32 78 16855872 1 1 51 64 79 16855904 1 1 51 96 80 16855712 1 1 50 160 81 16855744 1 1 50 192 82 16855776 1 1 50 224 83 16855808 1 1 51 0 84 16855840 1 1 51 32 85 16855872 1 1 51 64 86 16855904 1 1 51 96 87 16855936 1 1 51 128 88 16855744 1 1 50 192 89 16855776 1 1 50 224 90 16855808 1 1 51 0 91 16855840 1 1 51 32 92 16855872 1 1 51 64 93 16855904 1 1 51 96 94 16855936 1 1 51 128 95 16855968 1 1 51 160 96 16855776 1 1 50 224 97 16855808 1 1 51 0 98 16855840 1 1 51 32 99 16855872 1 1 51 64 100 16855904 1 1 51 96 101 16855936 1 1 51 128 102 16855968 1 1 51 160 103 16856000 1 1 51 192 104 16855808 1 1 51 0 105 16855840 1 1 51 32 106 16855872 1 1 51 64 107 16855904 1 1 51 96 108 16855936 1 1 51 128 109 16855968 1 1 51 160 110 16856000 1 1 51 192 111 16856032 1 1 51 224 112 16855840 1 1 51 32 113 16855872 1 1 51 64 114 16855904 1 1 51 96 115 16855936 1 1 51 128 116 16855968 1 1 51 160 117 16856000 1 1 51 192 118 16856032 1 1 51 224 119 16856064 1 1 52 0 120 16855872 1 1 51 64 121 16855904 1 1 51 96 122 16855936 1 1 51 128 123 16855968 1 1 51 160 124 16856000 1 1 51 192 125 16856032 1 1 51 224 126 16856064 1 1 52 0 127 16856096 1 1 52 32 128 16855904 1 1 51 96 129 16855936 1 1 51 128 130 16855968 1 1 51 160 131 16856000 1 1 51 192 132 16856032 1 1 51 224 133 16856064 1 1 52 0 134 16856096 1 1 52 32 135 16856128 1 1 52 64 136 16855936 1 1 51 128 137 16855968 1 1 51 160 138 16856000 1 1 51 192 139 16856032 1 1 51 224 140 16856064 1 1 52 0 141 16856096 1 1 52 32 142 16856128 1 1 52 64 143 16856160 1 1 52 96 144 16855968 1 1 51 160 145 16856000 1 1 51 192 146 16856032 1 1 51 224 147 16856064 1 1 52 0 148 16856096 1 1 52 32 149 16856128 1 1 52 64 150 16856160 1 1 52 96 151 16856192 1 1 52 128 152 16856000 1 1 51 192 153 16856032 1 1 51 224 154 16856064 1 1 52 0 155 16856096 1 1 52 32 156 16856128 1 1 52 64 157 16856160 1 1 52 96 158 16856192 1 1 52 128 159 16856224 1 1 52 160 160 16856032 1 1 51 224 161 16856064 1 1 52 0 162 16856096 1 1 52 32 163 16856128 1 1 52 64 164 16856160 1 1 52 96 165 16856192 1 1 52 128 166 16856224 1 1 52 160 167 16856256 1 1 52 192 168 16856064 1 1 52 0 169 16856096 1 1 52 32 170 16856128 1 1 52 64 171 16856160 1 1 52 96 172 16856192 1 1 52 128 173 16856224 1 1 52 160 174 16856256 1 1 52 192 175 16856288 1 1 52 224 176 16856096 1 1 52 32 177 16856128 1 1 52 64 178 16856160 1 1 52 96 179 16856192 1 1 52 128 180 16856224 1 1 52 160 181 16856256 1 1 52 192 182 16856288 1 1 52 224 183 16856320 1 1 53 0 184 16856128 1 1 52 64 185 16856160 1 1 52 96 186 16856192 1 1 52 128 187 16856224 1 1 52 160 188 16856256 1 1 52 192 189 16856288 1 1 52 224 190 16856320 1 1 53 0 192 16856160 1 1 52 96 193 16856192 1 1 52 128 194 16856224 1 1 52 160 195 16856256 1 1 52 192 196 16856288 1 1 52 224 197 16856320 1 1 53 0 200 16856192 1 1 52 128 201 16856224 1 1 52 160 202 16856256 1 1 52 192 203 16856288 1 1 52 224 204 16856320 1 1 53 0 208 16856224 1 1 52 160 209 16856256 1 1 52 192 210 16856288 1 1 52 224 211 16856320 1 1 53 0 216 16856256 1 1 52 192 217 16856288 1 1 52 224 218 16856320 1 1 53 0 224 16856288 1 1 52 224 225 16856320 1 1 53 0 232 16856320 1 1 53 0 Was stuck on this for a couple of days.

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• Java Simple Calculator

  - by Lahiru Kavinda

  I have made this calculator program in Java. This works well only when two numbers are calculated at one time. That means to get the sum of 1+2+3 you have to go this way : press 1 press + press 2 press = press + press 3 press = and it calculates it as 6. But I want to program this so that I can get the answer by: press 1 press + press 2 press + press 3 press = but this gives the answer 5!!! How to code this so that it works like an ordinary calculator? Here is my code: import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import javax.swing.*; public class cal1 extends JFrame { double op1 = 0d, op2 = 0d; double result = 0d; char action; boolean b = false; boolean pressequal = false; public cal1() { makeUI(); } private void makeUI() { setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); setSize(400, 400); b0 = new JButton("0"); b1 = new JButton("1"); b2 = new JButton("2"); b3 = new JButton("3"); b4 = new JButton("4"); b5 = new JButton("5"); b6 = new JButton("6"); b7 = new JButton("7"); b8 = new JButton("8"); b9 = new JButton("9"); bDot = new JButton("."); bMul = new JButton("*"); bDiv = new JButton("/"); bPlus = new JButton("+"); bMinus = new JButton("-"); bEq = new JButton("="); t = new JTextField(12); t.setFont(new Font("Tahoma", Font.PLAIN, 24)); t.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT); numpad = new JPanel(); display = new JPanel(); numpad.add(b7); numpad.add(b8); numpad.add(b9); numpad.add(bMul); numpad.add(b4); numpad.add(b5); numpad.add(b6); numpad.add(bDiv); numpad.add(b1); numpad.add(b2); numpad.add(b3); numpad.add(bMinus); numpad.add(bDot); numpad.add(b0); numpad.add(bEq); numpad.add(bPlus); numpad.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 5, 5, 4)); display.add(t); add(display, BorderLayout.NORTH); add(numpad, BorderLayout.CENTER); t.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() { @Override public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) { typeOnt(e); } }); b0.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b0pressed(e); } }); b1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b1pressed(e); } }); b2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b2pressed(e); } }); b3.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b3pressed(e); } }); b4.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b4pressed(e); } }); b5.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b5pressed(e); } }); b6.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b6pressed(e); } }); b7.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b7pressed(e); } }); b8.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b8pressed(e); } }); b9.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b9pressed(e); } }); bDot.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { bDotpressed(e); } }); bPlus.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { bPlusPressed(e); } }); bMinus.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { bMinusPressed(e); } }); bMul.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { bMulPressed(e); } }); bDiv.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { bDivPressed(e); } }); bEq.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { bEqpressed(e); } }); } void typeOnt(KeyEvent e) { e.consume(); } void b0pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "0"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "0"); } } void b1pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "1"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "1"); } } void b2pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "2"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "2"); } } void b3pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "3"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "3"); } } void b4pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "4"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "4"); } } void b5pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "5"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "5"); } } void b6pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "6"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "6"); } } void b7pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "7"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "7"); } } void b8pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "8"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "8"); } } void b9pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "9"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "9"); } } void bDotpressed(ActionEvent e) { if (!t.getText().contains(".")) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "0."); } else if (t.getText().isEmpty()) { t.setText("0."); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "."); } } } void bPlusPressed(ActionEvent e) { b = true; action = '+'; op1 = Double.parseDouble(t.getText()); } void bMinusPressed(ActionEvent e) { b = true; action = '-'; op1 = Double.parseDouble(t.getText()); } void bMulPressed(ActionEvent e) { b = true; action = '*'; op1 = Double.parseDouble(t.getText()); } void bDivPressed(ActionEvent e) { b = true; action = '/'; op1 = Double.parseDouble(t.getText()); } void bEqpressed(ActionEvent e) { op2 = Double.parseDouble(t.getText()); doCal(); } void doCal() { switch (action) { case '+': result = op1 + op2; break; case '-': result = op1 - op2; break; case '*': result = op1 * op2; break; case '/': result = op1 / op2; break; } t.setText(String.valueOf(result)); } public static void main(String[] args) { new cal1().setVisible(true); } JButton b0; JButton b1; JButton b2; JButton b3; JButton b4; JButton b5; JButton b6; JButton b7; JButton b8; JButton b9; JButton bDot; JButton bPlus; JButton bMinus; JButton bMul; JButton bDiv; JButton bEq; JPanel display; JPanel numpad; JTextField t; }

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• Custom ASP.NET Routing to an HttpHandler

  - by Rick Strahl

  As of version 4.0 ASP.NET natively supports routing via the now built-in System.Web.Routing namespace. Routing features are automatically integrated into the HtttpRuntime via a few custom interfaces. New Web Forms Routing Support In ASP.NET 4.0 there are a host of improvements including routing support baked into Web Forms via a RouteData property available on the Page class and RouteCollection.MapPageRoute() route handler that makes it easy to route to Web forms. To map ASP.NET Page routes is as simple as setting up the routes with MapPageRoute:protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes); } void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes) { routes.MapPageRoute("StockQuote", "StockQuote/{symbol}", "StockQuote.aspx"); routes.MapPageRoute("StockQuotes", "StockQuotes/{symbolList}", "StockQuotes.aspx"); } and then accessing the route data in the page you can then use the new Page class RouteData property to retrieve the dynamic route data information:public partial class StockQuote1 : System.Web.UI.Page { protected StockQuote Quote = null; protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { string symbol = RouteData.Values["symbol"] as string; StockServer server = new StockServer(); Quote = server.GetStockQuote(symbol); // display stock data in Page View } } Simple, quick and doesn’t require much explanation. If you’re using WebForms most of your routing needs should be served just fine by this simple mechanism. Kudos to the ASP.NET team for putting this in the box and making it easy! How Routing Works To handle Routing in ASP.NET involves these steps: Registering Routes Creating a custom RouteHandler to retrieve an HttpHandler Attaching RouteData to your HttpHandler Picking up Route Information in your Request code Registering routes makes ASP.NET aware of the Routes you want to handle via the static RouteTable.Routes collection. You basically add routes to this collection to let ASP.NET know which URL patterns it should watch for. You typically hook up routes off a RegisterRoutes method that fires in Application_Start as I did in the example above to ensure routes are added only once when the application first starts up. When you create a route, you pass in a RouteHandler instance which ASP.NET caches and reuses as routes are matched. Once registered ASP.NET monitors the routes and if a match is found just prior to the HttpHandler instantiation, ASP.NET uses the RouteHandler registered for the route and calls GetHandler() on it to retrieve an HttpHandler instance. The RouteHandler.GetHandler() method is responsible for creating an instance of an HttpHandler that is to handle the request and – if necessary – to assign any additional custom data to the handler. At minimum you probably want to pass the RouteData to the handler so the handler can identify the request based on the route data available. To do this you typically add  a RouteData property to your handler and then assign the property from the RouteHandlers request context. This is essentially how Page.RouteData comes into being and this approach should work well for any custom handler implementation that requires RouteData. It’s a shame that ASP.NET doesn’t have a top level intrinsic object that’s accessible off the HttpContext object to provide route data more generically, but since RouteData is directly tied to HttpHandlers and not all handlers support it it might cause some confusion of when it’s actually available. Bottom line is that if you want to hold on to RouteData you have to assign it to a custom property of the handler or else pass it to the handler via Context.Items[] object that can be retrieved on an as needed basis. It’s important to understand that routing is hooked up via RouteHandlers that are responsible for loading HttpHandler instances. RouteHandlers are invoked for every request that matches a route and through this RouteHandler instance the Handler gains access to the current RouteData. Because of this logic it’s important to understand that Routing is really tied to HttpHandlers and not available prior to handler instantiation, which is pretty late in the HttpRuntime’s request pipeline. IOW, Routing works with Handlers but not with earlier in the pipeline within Modules. Specifically ASP.NET calls RouteHandler.GetHandler() from the PostResolveRequestCache HttpRuntime pipeline event. Here’s the call stack at the beginning of the GetHandler() call: which fires just before handler resolution. Non-Page Routing – You need to build custom RouteHandlers If you need to route to a custom Http Handler or other non-Page (and non-MVC) endpoint in the HttpRuntime, there is no generic mapping support available. You need to create a custom RouteHandler that can manage creating an instance of an HttpHandler that is fired in response to a routed request. Depending on what you are doing this process can be simple or fairly involved as your code is responsible based on the route data provided which handler to instantiate, and more importantly how to pass the route data on to the Handler. Luckily creating a RouteHandler is easy by implementing the IRouteHandler interface which has only a single GetHttpHandler(RequestContext context) method. In this method you can pick up the requestContext.RouteData, instantiate the HttpHandler of choice, and assign the RouteData to it. Then pass back the handler and you’re done.Here’s a simple example of GetHttpHandler() method that dynamically creates a handler based on a passed in Handler type./// <summary> /// Retrieves an Http Handler based on the type specified in the constructor /// </summary> /// <param name="requestContext"></param> /// <returns></returns> IHttpHandler IRouteHandler.GetHttpHandler(RequestContext requestContext) { IHttpHandler handler = Activator.CreateInstance(CallbackHandlerType) as IHttpHandler; // If we're dealing with a Callback Handler // pass the RouteData for this route to the Handler if (handler is CallbackHandler) ((CallbackHandler)handler).RouteData = requestContext.RouteData; return handler; } Note that this code checks for a specific type of handler and if it matches assigns the RouteData to this handler. This is optional but quite a common scenario if you want to work with RouteData. If the handler you need to instantiate isn’t under your control but you still need to pass RouteData to Handler code, an alternative is to pass the RouteData via the HttpContext.Items collection:IHttpHandler IRouteHandler.GetHttpHandler(RequestContext requestContext) { IHttpHandler handler = Activator.CreateInstance(CallbackHandlerType) as IHttpHandler; requestContext.HttpContext.Items["RouteData"] = requestContext.RouteData; return handler; } The code in the handler implementation can then pick up the RouteData from the context collection as needed:RouteData routeData = HttpContext.Current.Items["RouteData"] as RouteData This isn’t as clean as having an explicit RouteData property, but it does have the advantage that the route data is visible anywhere in the Handler’s code chain. It’s definitely preferable to create a custom property on your handler, but the Context work-around works in a pinch when you don’t’ own the handler code and have dynamic code executing as part of the handler execution. An Example of a Custom RouteHandler: Attribute Based Route Implementation In this post I’m going to discuss a custom routine implementation I built for my CallbackHandler class in the West Wind Web & Ajax Toolkit. CallbackHandler can be very easily used for creating AJAX, REST and POX requests following RPC style method mapping. You can pass parameters via URL query string, POST data or raw data structures, and you can retrieve results as JSON, XML or raw string/binary data. It’s a quick and easy way to build service interfaces with no fuss. As a quick review here’s how CallbackHandler works: You create an Http Handler that derives from CallbackHandler You implement methods that have a [CallbackMethod] Attribute and that’s it. Here’s an example of an CallbackHandler implementation in an ashx.cs based handler:// RestService.ashx.cs public class RestService : CallbackHandler { [CallbackMethod] public StockQuote GetStockQuote(string symbol) { StockServer server = new StockServer(); return server.GetStockQuote(symbol); } [CallbackMethod] public StockQuote[] GetStockQuotes(string symbolList) { StockServer server = new StockServer(); string[] symbols = symbolList.Split(new char[2] { ',',';' },StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries); return server.GetStockQuotes(symbols); } } CallbackHandler makes it super easy to create a method on the server, pass data to it via POST, QueryString or raw JSON/XML data, and then retrieve the results easily back in various formats. This works wonderful and I’ve used these tools in many projects for myself and with clients. But one thing missing has been the ability to create clean URLs. Typical URLs looked like this: http://www.west-wind.com/WestwindWebToolkit/samples/Rest/StockService.ashx?Method=GetStockQuote&symbol=msfthttp://www.west-wind.com/WestwindWebToolkit/samples/Rest/StockService.ashx?Method=GetStockQuotes&symbolList=msft,intc,gld,slw,mwe&format=xml which works and is clear enough, but also clearly very ugly. It would be much nicer if URLs could look like this: http://www.west-wind.com//WestwindWebtoolkit/Samples/StockQuote/msfthttp://www.west-wind.com/WestwindWebtoolkit/Samples/StockQuotes/msft,intc,gld,slw?format=xml (the Virtual Root in this sample is WestWindWebToolkit/Samples and StockQuote/{symbol} is the route)(If you use FireFox try using the JSONView plug-in make it easier to view JSON content) So, taking a clue from the WCF REST tools that use RouteUrls I set out to create a way to specify RouteUrls for each of the endpoints. The change made basically allows changing the above to: [CallbackMethod(RouteUrl="RestService/StockQuote/{symbol}")] public StockQuote GetStockQuote(string symbol) { StockServer server = new StockServer(); return server.GetStockQuote(symbol); } [CallbackMethod(RouteUrl = "RestService/StockQuotes/{symbolList}")] public StockQuote[] GetStockQuotes(string symbolList) { StockServer server = new StockServer(); string[] symbols = symbolList.Split(new char[2] { ',',';' },StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries); return server.GetStockQuotes(symbols); } where a RouteUrl is specified as part of the Callback attribute. And with the changes made with RouteUrls I can now get URLs like the second set shown earlier. So how does that work? Let’s find out… How to Create Custom Routes As mentioned earlier Routing is made up of several steps: Creating a custom RouteHandler to create HttpHandler instances Mapping the actual Routes to the RouteHandler Retrieving the RouteData and actually doing something useful with it in the HttpHandler In the CallbackHandler routing example above this works out to something like this: Create a custom RouteHandler that includes a property to track the method to call Set up the routes using Reflection against the class Looking for any RouteUrls in the CallbackMethod attribute Add a RouteData property to the CallbackHandler so we can access the RouteData in the code of the handler Creating a Custom Route Handler To make the above work I created a custom RouteHandler class that includes the actual IRouteHandler implementation as well as a generic and static method to automatically register all routes marked with the [CallbackMethod(RouteUrl="…")] attribute. Here’s the code:/// <summary> /// Route handler that can create instances of CallbackHandler derived /// callback classes. The route handler tracks the method name and /// creates an instance of the service in a predictable manner /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="TCallbackHandler">CallbackHandler type</typeparam> public class CallbackHandlerRouteHandler : IRouteHandler { /// <summary> /// Method name that is to be called on this route. /// Set by the automatically generated RegisterRoutes /// invokation. /// </summary> public string MethodName { get; set; } /// <summary> /// The type of the handler we're going to instantiate. /// Needed so we can semi-generically instantiate the /// handler and call the method on it. /// </summary> public Type CallbackHandlerType { get; set; } /// <summary> /// Constructor to pass in the two required components we /// need to create an instance of our handler. /// </summary> /// <param name="methodName"></param> /// <param name="callbackHandlerType"></param> public CallbackHandlerRouteHandler(string methodName, Type callbackHandlerType) { MethodName = methodName; CallbackHandlerType = callbackHandlerType; } /// <summary> /// Retrieves an Http Handler based on the type specified in the constructor /// </summary> /// <param name="requestContext"></param> /// <returns></returns> IHttpHandler IRouteHandler.GetHttpHandler(RequestContext requestContext) { IHttpHandler handler = Activator.CreateInstance(CallbackHandlerType) as IHttpHandler; // If we're dealing with a Callback Handler // pass the RouteData for this route to the Handler if (handler is CallbackHandler) ((CallbackHandler)handler).RouteData = requestContext.RouteData; return handler; } /// <summary> /// Generic method to register all routes from a CallbackHandler /// that have RouteUrls defined on the [CallbackMethod] attribute /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="TCallbackHandler">CallbackHandler Type</typeparam> /// <param name="routes"></param> public static void RegisterRoutes<TCallbackHandler>(RouteCollection routes) { // find all methods var methods = typeof(TCallbackHandler).GetMethods(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public); foreach (var method in methods) { var attrs = method.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(CallbackMethodAttribute), false); if (attrs.Length < 1) continue; CallbackMethodAttribute attr = attrs[0] as CallbackMethodAttribute; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(attr.RouteUrl)) continue; // Add the route routes.Add(method.Name, new Route(attr.RouteUrl, new CallbackHandlerRouteHandler(method.Name, typeof(TCallbackHandler)))); } } } The RouteHandler implements IRouteHandler, and its responsibility via the GetHandler method is to create an HttpHandler based on the route data. When ASP.NET calls GetHandler it passes a requestContext parameter which includes a requestContext.RouteData property. This parameter holds the current request’s route data as well as an instance of the current RouteHandler. If you look at GetHttpHandler() you can see that the code creates an instance of the handler we are interested in and then sets the RouteData property on the handler. This is how you can pass the current request’s RouteData to the handler. The RouteData object also has a  RouteData.RouteHandler property that is also available to the Handler later, which is useful in order to get additional information about the current route. In our case here the RouteHandler includes a MethodName property that identifies the method to execute in the handler since that value no longer comes from the URL so we need to figure out the method name some other way. The method name is mapped explicitly when the RouteHandler is created and here the static method that auto-registers all CallbackMethods with RouteUrls sets the method name when it creates the routes while reflecting over the methods (more on this in a minute). The important point here is that you can attach additional properties to the RouteHandler and you can then later access the RouteHandler and its properties later in the Handler to pick up these custom values. This is a crucial feature in that the RouteHandler serves in passing additional context to the handler so it knows what actions to perform. The automatic route registration is handled by the static RegisterRoutes<TCallbackHandler> method. This method is generic and totally reusable for any CallbackHandler type handler. To register a CallbackHandler and any RouteUrls it has defined you simple use code like this in Application_Start (or other application startup code):protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { // Register Routes for RestService CallbackHandlerRouteHandler.RegisterRoutes<RestService>(RouteTable.Routes); } If you have multiple CallbackHandler style services you can make multiple calls to RegisterRoutes for each of the service types. RegisterRoutes internally uses reflection to run through all the methods of the Handler, looking for CallbackMethod attributes and whether a RouteUrl is specified. If it is a new instance of a CallbackHandlerRouteHandler is created and the name of the method and the type are set. routes.Add(method.Name,           new Route(attr.RouteUrl, new CallbackHandlerRouteHandler(method.Name, typeof(TCallbackHandler) )) ); While the routing with CallbackHandlerRouteHandler is set up automatically for all methods that use the RouteUrl attribute, you can also use code to hook up those routes manually and skip using the attribute. The code for this is straightforward and just requires that you manually map each individual route to each method you want a routed: protected void Application_Start(objectsender, EventArgs e){    RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);}void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes) { routes.Add("StockQuote Route",new Route("StockQuote/{symbol}",                     new CallbackHandlerRouteHandler("GetStockQuote",typeof(RestService) ) ) );     routes.Add("StockQuotes Route",new Route("StockQuotes/{symbolList}",                     new CallbackHandlerRouteHandler("GetStockQuotes",typeof(RestService) ) ) );}I think it’s clearly easier to have CallbackHandlerRouteHandler.RegisterRoutes() do this automatically for you based on RouteUrl attributes, but some people have a real aversion to attaching logic via attributes. Just realize that the option to manually create your routes is available as well. Using the RouteData in the Handler A RouteHandler’s responsibility is to create an HttpHandler and as mentioned earlier, natively IHttpHandler doesn’t have any support for RouteData. In order to utilize RouteData in your handler code you have to pass the RouteData to the handler. In my CallbackHandlerRouteHandler when it creates the HttpHandler instance it creates the instance and then assigns the custom RouteData property on the handler:IHttpHandler handler = Activator.CreateInstance(CallbackHandlerType) as IHttpHandler; if (handler is CallbackHandler) ((CallbackHandler)handler).RouteData = requestContext.RouteData; return handler; Again this only works if you actually add a RouteData property to your handler explicitly as I did in my CallbackHandler implementation:/// <summary> /// Optionally store RouteData on this handler /// so we can access it internally /// </summary> public RouteData RouteData {get; set; } and the RouteHandler needs to set it when it creates the handler instance. Once you have the route data in your handler you can access Route Keys and Values and also the RouteHandler. Since my RouteHandler has a custom property for the MethodName to retrieve it from within the handler I can do something like this now to retrieve the MethodName (this example is actually not in the handler but target is an instance pass to the processor): // check for Route Data method name if (target is CallbackHandler) { var routeData = ((CallbackHandler)target).RouteData; if (routeData != null) methodToCall = ((CallbackHandlerRouteHandler)routeData.RouteHandler).MethodName; } When I need to access the dynamic values in the route ( symbol in StockQuote/{symbol}) I can retrieve it easily with the Values collection (RouteData.Values["symbol"]). In my CallbackHandler processing logic I’m basically looking for matching parameter names to Route parameters: // look for parameters in the routeif(routeData != null){    string parmString = routeData.Values[parameter.Name] as string;    adjustedParms[parmCounter] = ReflectionUtils.StringToTypedValue(parmString, parameter.ParameterType);} And with that we’ve come full circle. We’ve created a custom RouteHandler() that passes the RouteData to the handler it creates. We’ve registered our routes to use the RouteHandler, and we’ve utilized the route data in our handler. For completeness sake here’s the routine that executes a method call based on the parameters passed in and one of the options is to retrieve the inbound parameters off RouteData (as well as from POST data or QueryString parameters):internal object ExecuteMethod(string method, object target, string[] parameters, CallbackMethodParameterType paramType, ref CallbackMethodAttribute callbackMethodAttribute) { HttpRequest Request = HttpContext.Current.Request; object Result = null; // Stores parsed parameters (from string JSON or QUeryString Values) object[] adjustedParms = null; Type PageType = target.GetType(); MethodInfo MI = PageType.GetMethod(method, BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.NonPublic); if (MI == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("Invalid Server Method."); object[] methods = MI.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(CallbackMethodAttribute), false); if (methods.Length < 1) throw new InvalidOperationException("Server method is not accessible due to missing CallbackMethod attribute"); if (callbackMethodAttribute != null) callbackMethodAttribute = methods[0] as CallbackMethodAttribute; ParameterInfo[] parms = MI.GetParameters(); JSONSerializer serializer = new JSONSerializer(); RouteData routeData = null; if (target is CallbackHandler) routeData = ((CallbackHandler)target).RouteData; int parmCounter = 0; adjustedParms = new object[parms.Length]; foreach (ParameterInfo parameter in parms) { // Retrieve parameters out of QueryString or POST buffer if (parameters == null) { // look for parameters in the route if (routeData != null) { string parmString = routeData.Values[parameter.Name] as string; adjustedParms[parmCounter] = ReflectionUtils.StringToTypedValue(parmString, parameter.ParameterType); } // GET parameter are parsed as plain string values - no JSON encoding else if (HttpContext.Current.Request.HttpMethod == "GET") { // Look up the parameter by name string parmString = Request.QueryString[parameter.Name]; adjustedParms[parmCounter] = ReflectionUtils.StringToTypedValue(parmString, parameter.ParameterType); } // POST parameters are treated as methodParameters that are JSON encoded else if (paramType == CallbackMethodParameterType.Json) //string newVariable = methodParameters.GetValue(parmCounter) as string; adjustedParms[parmCounter] = serializer.Deserialize(Request.Params["parm" + (parmCounter + 1).ToString()], parameter.ParameterType); else adjustedParms[parmCounter] = SerializationUtils.DeSerializeObject( Request.Params["parm" + (parmCounter + 1).ToString()], parameter.ParameterType); } else if (paramType == CallbackMethodParameterType.Json) adjustedParms[parmCounter] = serializer.Deserialize(parameters[parmCounter], parameter.ParameterType); else adjustedParms[parmCounter] = SerializationUtils.DeSerializeObject(parameters[parmCounter], parameter.ParameterType); parmCounter++; } Result = MI.Invoke(target, adjustedParms); return Result; } The code basically uses Reflection to loop through all the parameters available on the method and tries to assign the parameters from RouteData, QueryString or POST variables. The parameters are converted into their appropriate types and then used to eventually make a Reflection based method call. What’s sweet is that the RouteData retrieval is just another option for dealing with the inbound data in this scenario and it adds exactly two lines of code plus the code to retrieve the MethodName I showed previously – a seriously low impact addition that adds a lot of extra value to this endpoint callback processing implementation. Debugging your Routes If you create a lot of routes it’s easy to run into Route conflicts where multiple routes have the same path and overlap with each other. This can be difficult to debug especially if you are using automatically generated routes like the routes created by CallbackHandlerRouteHandler.RegisterRoutes. Luckily there’s a tool that can help you out with this nicely. Phill Haack created a RouteDebugging tool you can download and add to your project. The easiest way to do this is to grab and add this to your project is to use NuGet (Add Library Package from your Project’s Reference Nodes):   which adds a RouteDebug assembly to your project. Once installed you can easily debug your routes with this simple line of code which needs to be installed at application startup:protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { CallbackHandlerRouteHandler.RegisterRoutes<StockService>(RouteTable.Routes); // Debug your routes RouteDebug.RouteDebugger.RewriteRoutesForTesting(RouteTable.Routes); } Any routed URL then displays something like this: The screen shows you your current route data and all the routes that are mapped along with a flag that displays which route was actually matched. This is useful – if you have any overlap of routes you will be able to see which routes are triggered – the first one in the sequence wins. This tool has saved my ass on a few occasions – and with NuGet now it’s easy to add it to your project in a few seconds and then remove it when you’re done. Routing Around Custom routing seems slightly complicated on first blush due to its disconnected components of RouteHandler, route registration and mapping of custom handlers. But once you understand the relationship between a RouteHandler, the RouteData and how to pass it to a handler, utilizing of Routing becomes a lot easier as you can easily pass context from the registration to the RouteHandler and through to the HttpHandler. The most important thing to understand when building custom routing solutions is to figure out how to map URLs in such a way that the handler can figure out all the pieces it needs to process the request. This can be via URL routing parameters and as I did in my example by passing additional context information as part of the RouteHandler instance that provides the proper execution context. In my case this ‘context’ was the method name, but it could be an actual static value like an enum identifying an operation or category in an application. Basically user supplied data comes in through the url and static application internal data can be passed via RouteHandler property values. Routing can make your application URLs easier to read by non-techie types regardless of whether you’re building Service type or REST applications, or full on Web interfaces. Routing in ASP.NET 4.0 makes it possible to create just about any extensionless URLs you can dream up and custom RouteHanmdler References Sample ProjectIncludes the sample CallbackHandler service discussed here along with compiled versionsof the Westwind.Web and Westwind.Utilities assemblies.  (requires .NET 4.0/VS 2010) West Wind Web Toolkit includes full implementation of CallbackHandler and the Routing Handler West Wind Web Toolkit Source CodeContains the full source code to the Westwind.Web and Westwind.Utilities assemblies usedin these samples. Includes the source described in the post.(Latest build in the Subversion Repository) CallbackHandler Source(Relevant code to this article tree in Westwind.Web assembly) JSONView FireFoxPluginA simple FireFox Plugin to easily view JSON data natively in FireFox.For IE you can use a registry hack to display JSON as raw text.© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2011Posted in ASP.NET  AJAX  HTTP  

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• Why keylistener is not working here?

  - by swift

  i have implemented keylistener interface and implemented all the needed methods but when i press the key nothing happens here, why? package swing; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Dimension; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.GridLayout; import java.awt.Point; import java.awt.RenderingHints; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; import java.awt.event.KeyListener; import java.awt.event.MouseEvent; import java.awt.event.MouseListener; import java.awt.event.MouseMotionListener; import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter; import java.awt.event.WindowEvent; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import javax.swing.BorderFactory; import javax.swing.BoxLayout; import javax.swing.ImageIcon; import javax.swing.JButton; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JLayeredPane; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.JTextArea; class Paper extends JPanel implements MouseListener,MouseMotionListener,ActionListener,KeyListener { static BufferedImage image; String shape; Color color=Color.black; Point start; Point end; Point mp; Button elipse=new Button("elipse"); int x[]=new int[50]; int y[]=new int[50]; Button rectangle=new Button("rect"); Button line=new Button("line"); Button roundrect=new Button("roundrect"); Button polygon=new Button("poly"); Button text=new Button("text"); ImageIcon erasericon=new ImageIcon("images/eraser.gif"); JButton erase=new JButton(erasericon); JButton[] colourbutton=new JButton[9]; String selected; Point label; String key; int ex,ey;//eraser //DatagramSocket dataSocket; JButton button = new JButton("test"); JLayeredPane layerpane; Point p=new Point(); int w,h; public Paper() { JFrame frame=new JFrame("Whiteboard"); frame.setVisible(true); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); frame.setSize(640, 480); frame.setBackground(Color.black); layerpane=frame.getLayeredPane(); setWidth(539,444); setBounds(69,0,555,444); layerpane.add(this,new Integer(2)); layerpane.add(this.addButtons(),new Integer(0)); setLayout(null); setOpaque(false); addMouseListener(this); addMouseMotionListener(this); setFocusable(true); addKeyListener(this); System.out.println(isFocusable()); setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.black)); } public void paintComponent(Graphics g) { try { super.paintComponent(g); g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, this); Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)g; if(color!=null) g2.setPaint(color); if(start!=null && end!=null) { if(selected==("elipse")) g2.drawOval(start.x, start.y,(end.x-start.x),(end.y-start.y)); else if(selected==("rect")) g2.drawRect(start.x, start.y, (end.x-start.x),(end.y-start.y)); else if(selected==("rrect")) g2.drawRoundRect(start.x, start.y, (end.x-start.x),(end.y-start.y),11,11); else if(selected==("line")) g2.drawLine(start.x,start.y,end.x,end.y); else if(selected==("poly")) g2.drawPolygon(x,y,2); } } catch(Exception e) {} } //Function to draw the shape on image public void draw() { Graphics2D g2 = image.createGraphics(); g2.setPaint(color); if(start!=null && end!=null) { if(selected=="line") g2.drawLine(start.x, start.y, end.x, end.y); else if(selected=="elipse") g2.drawOval(start.x, start.y, (end.x-start.x),(end.y-start.y)); else if(selected=="rect") g2.drawRect(start.x, start.y, (end.x-start.x),(end.y-start.y)); else if(selected==("rrect")) g2.drawRoundRect(start.x, start.y, (end.x-start.x),(end.y-start.y),11,11); else if(selected==("poly")) g2.drawPolygon(x,y,2); } if(label!=null) { JTextArea textarea=new JTextArea(); if(selected==("text")) { textarea.setBounds(label.x, label.y, 50, 50); textarea.setMaximumSize(new Dimension(100,100)); textarea.setBackground(new Color(237,237,237)); add(textarea); g2.drawString("key",label.x,label.y); } } start=null; repaint(); g2.dispose(); } public void text() { System.out.println(label); } //Function which provides the erase functionality public void erase() { Graphics2D pic=(Graphics2D) image.getGraphics(); Color erasecolor=new Color(237,237,237); pic.setPaint(erasecolor); if(start!=null) pic.fillRect(start.x, start.y, 10, 10); } //To set the size of the image public void setWidth(int x,int y) { System.out.println("("+x+","+y+")"); w=x; h=y; image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB); } //Function to add buttons into the panel, calling this function returns a panel public JPanel addButtons() { JPanel buttonpanel=new JPanel(); buttonpanel.setMaximumSize(new Dimension(70,70)); JPanel shape=new JPanel(); JPanel colourbox=new JPanel(); shape.setLayout(new GridLayout(4,2)); shape.setMaximumSize(new Dimension(70,140)); colourbox.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,3)); colourbox.setMaximumSize(new Dimension(70,70)); buttonpanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(buttonpanel,BoxLayout.Y_AXIS)); elipse.addActionListener(this); elipse.setToolTipText("Elipse"); rectangle.addActionListener(this); rectangle.setToolTipText("Rectangle"); line.addActionListener( this); line.setToolTipText("Line"); erase.addActionListener(this); erase.setToolTipText("Eraser"); roundrect.addActionListener(this); roundrect.setToolTipText("Round rect"); polygon.addActionListener(this); polygon.setToolTipText("Polygon"); text.addActionListener(this); text.setToolTipText("Text"); shape.add(elipse); shape.add(rectangle); shape.add(line); shape.add(erase); shape.add(roundrect); shape.add(polygon); shape.add(text); buttonpanel.add(shape); for(int i=0;i<9;i++) { colourbutton[i]=new JButton(); colourbox.add(colourbutton[i]); if(i==0) colourbutton[0].setBackground(Color.black); else if(i==1) colourbutton[1].setBackground(Color.white); else if(i==2) colourbutton[2].setBackground(Color.red); else if(i==3) colourbutton[3].setBackground(Color.orange); else if(i==4) colourbutton[4].setBackground(Color.blue); else if(i==5) colourbutton[5].setBackground(Color.green); else if(i==6) colourbutton[6].setBackground(Color.pink); else if(i==7) colourbutton[7].setBackground(Color.magenta); else if(i==8) colourbutton[8].setBackground(Color.cyan); colourbutton[i].addActionListener(this); } buttonpanel.add(colourbox); buttonpanel.setBounds(0, 0, 70, 210); return buttonpanel; } public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) { if(selected=="text") { label=new Point(); label=e.getPoint(); draw(); } } @Override public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent arg0) { } public void mouseExited(MouseEvent arg0) { } public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) { if(selected=="line"||selected=="erase"||selected=="text") { start=e.getPoint(); } else if(selected=="elipse"||selected=="rect"||selected=="rrect") { mp = e.getPoint(); } else if(selected=="poly") { x[0]=e.getX(); y[0]=e.getY(); } } public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) { if(start!=null) { if(selected=="line") { end=e.getPoint(); } else if(selected=="elipse"||selected=="rect"||selected=="rrect") { end.x = Math.max(mp.x,e.getX()); end.y = Math.max(mp.y,e.getY()); } else if(selected=="poly") { x[1]=e.getX(); y[1]=e.getY(); } draw(); } } public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) { if(end==null) end = new Point(); if(start==null) start = new Point(); if(selected=="line") { end=e.getPoint(); } else if(selected=="erase") { start=e.getPoint(); erase(); } else if(selected=="elipse"||selected=="rect"||selected=="rrect") { start.x = Math.min(mp.x,e.getX()); start.y = Math.min(mp.y,e.getY()); end.x = Math.max(mp.x,e.getX()); end.y = Math.max(mp.y,e.getY()); } else if(selected=="poly") { x[1]=e.getX(); y[1]=e.getY(); } repaint(); } public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent arg0) {} public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { if(e.getSource()==elipse) selected="elipse"; else if(e.getSource()==line) selected="line"; else if(e.getSource()==rectangle) selected="rect"; else if(e.getSource()==erase) { selected="erase"; System.out.println(selected); erase(); } else if(e.getSource()==roundrect) selected="rrect"; else if(e.getSource()==polygon) selected="poly"; else if(e.getSource()==text) selected="text"; if(e.getSource()==colourbutton[0]) color=Color.black; else if(e.getSource()==colourbutton[1]) color=Color.white; else if(e.getSource()==colourbutton[2]) color=Color.red; else if(e.getSource()==colourbutton[3]) color=Color.orange; else if(e.getSource()==colourbutton[4]) color=Color.blue; else if(e.getSource()==colourbutton[5]) color=Color.green; else if(e.getSource()==colourbutton[6]) color=Color.pink; else if(e.getSource()==colourbutton[7]) color=Color.magenta; else if(e.getSource()==colourbutton[8]) color=Color.cyan; } @Override public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) { System.out.println("pressed"); } @Override public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) { System.out.println("key released"); } @Override public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) { System.out.println("Typed"); } public static void main(String[] a) { new Paper(); } } class Button extends JButton { String name; public Button(String name) { this.name=name; } public void paintComponent(Graphics g) { super.paintComponent(g); Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)g; g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); //g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.2f)); if (name == "line") g.drawLine(5,5,30,30); if (name == "elipse") g.drawOval(5,7,25,20); if (name== "rect") g.drawRect(5,5,25,23); if (name== "roundrect") g.drawRoundRect(5,5,25,23,10,10); int a[]=new int[]{20,9,20,23,20}; int b[]=new int[]{9,23,25,20,9}; if (name== "poly") g.drawPolyline(a, b, 5); if (name== "text") g.drawString("Text",5, 22); } }

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• Searching for tasks with code – Executables and Event Handlers

  Searching packages or just enumerating through all tasks is not quite as straightforward as it may first appear, mainly because of the way you can nest tasks within other containers. You can see this illustrated in the sample package below where I have used several sequence containers and loops. To complicate this further all containers types, including packages and tasks, can have event handlers which can then support the full range of nested containers again. Towards the lower right, the task called SQL In FEL also has an event handler not shown, within which is another Execute SQL Task, so that makes a total of 6 Execute SQL Tasks 6 tasks spread across the package. In my previous post about such as adding a property expressionI kept it simple and just looked at tasks at the package level, but what if you wanted to find any or all tasks in a package? For this post I've written a console program that will search a package looking at all tasks no matter how deeply nested, and check to see if the name starts with "SQL". When it finds a matching task it writes out the hierarchy by name for that task, starting with the package and working down to the task itself. The output for our sample package is shown below, note it has found all 6 tasks, including the one on the OnPreExecute event of the SQL In FEL task TaskSearch v1.0.0.0 (1.0.0.0) Copyright (C) 2009 Konesans Ltd Processing File - C:\Projects\Alpha\Packages\MyPackage.dtsx MyPackage\FOR Counter Loop\SQL In Counter Loop MyPackage\SEQ For Each Loop Wrapper\FEL Simple Loop\SQL In FEL MyPackage\SEQ For Each Loop Wrapper\FEL Simple Loop\SQL In FEL\OnPreExecute\SQL On Pre Execute for FEL SQL Task MyPackage\SEQ Top Level\SEQ Nested Lvl 1\SEQ Nested Lvl 2\SQL In Nested Lvl 2 MyPackage\SEQ Top Level\SEQ Nested Lvl 1\SQL In Nested Lvl 1 #1 MyPackage\SEQ Top Level\SEQ Nested Lvl 1\SQL In Nested Lvl 1 #2 6 matching tasks found in package. The full project and code is available for download below, but first we can walk through the project to highlight the most important sections of code. This code has been abbreviated for this description, but is complete in the download. First of all we load the package, and then start by looking at the Executables for the package. // Load the package file Application application = new Application(); using (Package package = application.LoadPackage(filename, null)) { int matchCount = 0; // Look in the package's executables ProcessExecutables(package.Executables, ref matchCount); ... // // ... // Write out final count Console.WriteLine("{0} matching tasks found in package.", matchCount); } The ProcessExecutables method is a key method, as an executable could be described as the the highest level of a working functionality or container. There are several of types of executables, such as tasks, or sequence containers and loops. To know what to do next we need to work out what type of executable we are dealing with as the abbreviated version of method shows below. private static void ProcessExecutables(Executables executables, ref int matchCount) { foreach (Executable executable in executables) { TaskHost taskHost = executable as TaskHost; if (taskHost != null) { ProcessTaskHost(taskHost, ref matchCount); ProcessEventHandlers(taskHost.EventHandlers, ref matchCount); continue; } ... // // ... ForEachLoop forEachLoop = executable as ForEachLoop; if (forEachLoop != null) { ProcessExecutables(forEachLoop.Executables, ref matchCount); ProcessEventHandlers(forEachLoop.EventHandlers, ref matchCount); continue; } } } As you can see if the executable we find is a task we then call out to our ProcessTaskHost method. As with all of our executables a task can have event handlers which themselves contain more executables such as task and loops, so we also make a call out our ProcessEventHandlers method. The other types of executables such as loops can also have event handlers as well as executables. As shown with the example for the ForEachLoop we call the same ProcessExecutables and ProcessEventHandlers methods again to drill down into the hierarchy of objects that the package may contain. This code needs to explicitly check for each type of executable (TaskHost, Sequence, ForLoop and ForEachLoop) because whilst they all have an Executables property this is not from a common base class or interface. This example was just a simple find a task by its name, so ProcessTaskHost really just does that. We also get the hierarchy of objects so we can write out for information, obviously you can adapt this method to do something more interesting such as adding a property expression. private static void ProcessTaskHost(TaskHost taskHost, ref int matchCount) { if (taskHost == null) { return; } // Check if the task matches our match name if (taskHost.Name.StartsWith(TaskNameFilter, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) { // Build up the full object hierarchy of the task // so we can write it out for information StringBuilder path = new StringBuilder(); DtsContainer container = taskHost; while (container != null) { path.Insert(0, container.Name); container = container.Parent; if (container != null) { path.Insert(0, "\\"); } } // Write the task path // e.g. Package\Container\Event\Task Console.WriteLine(path); Console.WriteLine(); // Increment match counter for info matchCount++; } } Just for completeness, the other processing method we covered above is for event handlers, but really that just calls back to the executables. This same method is called in our main package method, but it was omitted for brevity here. private static void ProcessEventHandlers(DtsEventHandlers eventHandlers, ref int matchCount) { foreach (DtsEventHandler eventHandler in eventHandlers) { ProcessExecutables(eventHandler.Executables, ref matchCount); } } As hopefully the code demonstrates, executables (Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Runtime.Executable) are the workers, but within them you can nest more executables (except for task tasks).Executables themselves can have event handlers which can in turn hold more executables. I have tried to illustrate this highlight the relationships in the following diagram. Download Sample code project TaskSearch.zip (11KB)

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• SQL SERVER – Solution to Puzzle – Simulate LEAD() and LAG() without Using SQL Server 2012 Analytic Function

  - by pinaldave

  Earlier I wrote a series on SQL Server Analytic Functions of SQL Server 2012. During the series to keep the learning maximum and having fun, we had few puzzles. One of the puzzle was simulating LEAD() and LAG() without using SQL Server 2012 Analytic Function. Please read the puzzle here first before reading the solution : Write T-SQL Self Join Without Using LEAD and LAG. When I was originally wrote the puzzle I had done small blunder and the question was a bit confusing which I corrected later on but wrote a follow up blog post on over here where I describe the give-away. Quick Recap: Generate following results without using SQL Server 2012 analytic functions. I had received so many valid answers. Some answers were similar to other and some were very innovative. Some answers were very adaptive and some did not work when I changed where condition. After selecting all the valid answer, I put them in table and ran RANDOM function on the same and selected winners. Here are the valid answers. No Joins and No Analytic Functions Excellent Solution by Geri Reshef – Winner of SQL Server Interview Questions and Answers (India | USA) WITH T1 AS (SELECT Row_Number() OVER(ORDER BY SalesOrderDetailID) N, s.SalesOrderID, s.SalesOrderDetailID, s.OrderQty FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail s WHERE SalesOrderID IN (43670, 43669, 43667, 43663)) SELECT SalesOrderID,SalesOrderDetailID,OrderQty, CASE WHEN N%2=1 THEN MAX(CASE WHEN N%2=0 THEN SalesOrderDetailID END) OVER (Partition BY (N+1)/2) ELSE MAX(CASE WHEN N%2=1 THEN SalesOrderDetailID END) OVER (Partition BY N/2) END LeadVal, CASE WHEN N%2=1 THEN MAX(CASE WHEN N%2=0 THEN SalesOrderDetailID END) OVER (Partition BY N/2) ELSE MAX(CASE WHEN N%2=1 THEN SalesOrderDetailID END) OVER (Partition BY (N+1)/2) END LagVal FROM T1 ORDER BY SalesOrderID, SalesOrderDetailID, OrderQty; GO No Analytic Function and Early Bird Excellent Solution by DHall – Winner of Pluralsight 30 days Subscription -- a query to emulate LEAD() and LAG() ;WITH s AS ( SELECT 1 AS ldOffset, -- equiv to 2nd param of LEAD 1 AS lgOffset, -- equiv to 2nd param of LAG NULL AS ldDefVal, -- equiv to 3rd param of LEAD NULL AS lgDefVal, -- equiv to 3rd param of LAG ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY SalesOrderDetailID) AS row, SalesOrderID, SalesOrderDetailID, OrderQty FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail WHERE SalesOrderID IN (43670, 43669, 43667, 43663) ) SELECT s.SalesOrderID, s.SalesOrderDetailID, s.OrderQty, ISNULL( sLd.SalesOrderDetailID, s.ldDefVal) AS LeadValue, ISNULL( sLg.SalesOrderDetailID, s.lgDefVal) AS LagValue FROM s LEFT OUTER JOIN s AS sLd ON s.row = sLd.row - s.ldOffset LEFT OUTER JOIN s AS sLg ON s.row = sLg.row + s.lgOffset ORDER BY s.SalesOrderID, s.SalesOrderDetailID, s.OrderQty No Analytic Function and Partition By Excellent Solution by DHall – Winner of Pluralsight 30 days Subscription /* a query to emulate LEAD() and LAG() */ ;WITH s AS ( SELECT 1 AS LeadOffset, /* equiv to 2nd param of LEAD */ 1 AS LagOffset, /* equiv to 2nd param of LAG */ NULL AS LeadDefVal, /* equiv to 3rd param of LEAD */ NULL AS LagDefVal, /* equiv to 3rd param of LAG */ /* Try changing the values of the 4 integer values above to see their effect on the results */ /* The values given above of 0, 0, null and null behave the same as the default 2nd and 3rd parameters to LEAD() and LAG() */ ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY SalesOrderDetailID) AS row, SalesOrderID, SalesOrderDetailID, OrderQty FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail WHERE SalesOrderID IN (43670, 43669, 43667, 43663) ) SELECT s.SalesOrderID, s.SalesOrderDetailID, s.OrderQty, ISNULL( sLead.SalesOrderDetailID, s.LeadDefVal) AS LeadValue, ISNULL( sLag.SalesOrderDetailID, s.LagDefVal) AS LagValue FROM s LEFT OUTER JOIN s AS sLead ON s.row = sLead.row - s.LeadOffset /* Try commenting out this next line when LeadOffset != 0 */ AND s.SalesOrderID = sLead.SalesOrderID /* The additional join criteria on SalesOrderID above is equivalent to PARTITION BY SalesOrderID in the OVER clause of the LEAD() function */ LEFT OUTER JOIN s AS sLag ON s.row = sLag.row + s.LagOffset /* Try commenting out this next line when LagOffset != 0 */ AND s.SalesOrderID = sLag.SalesOrderID /* The additional join criteria on SalesOrderID above is equivalent to PARTITION BY SalesOrderID in the OVER clause of the LAG() function */ ORDER BY s.SalesOrderID, s.SalesOrderDetailID, s.OrderQty No Analytic Function and CTE Usage Excellent Solution by Pravin Patel - Winner of SQL Server Interview Questions and Answers (India | USA) --CTE based solution ; WITH cteMain AS ( SELECT SalesOrderID, SalesOrderDetailID, OrderQty, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY SalesOrderDetailID) AS sn FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail WHERE SalesOrderID IN (43670, 43669, 43667, 43663) ) SELECT m.SalesOrderID, m.SalesOrderDetailID, m.OrderQty, sLead.SalesOrderDetailID AS leadvalue, sLeg.SalesOrderDetailID AS leagvalue FROM cteMain AS m LEFT OUTER JOIN cteMain AS sLead ON sLead.sn = m.sn+1 LEFT OUTER JOIN cteMain AS sLeg ON sLeg.sn = m.sn-1 ORDER BY m.SalesOrderID, m.SalesOrderDetailID, m.OrderQty No Analytic Function and Co-Related Subquery Usage Excellent Solution by Pravin Patel – Winner of SQL Server Interview Questions and Answers (India | USA) -- Co-Related subquery SELECT m.SalesOrderID, m.SalesOrderDetailID, m.OrderQty, ( SELECT MIN(SalesOrderDetailID) FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail AS l WHERE l.SalesOrderID IN (43670, 43669, 43667, 43663) AND l.SalesOrderID >= m.SalesOrderID AND l.SalesOrderDetailID > m.SalesOrderDetailID ) AS lead, ( SELECT MAX(SalesOrderDetailID) FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail AS l WHERE l.SalesOrderID IN (43670, 43669, 43667, 43663) AND l.SalesOrderID <= m.SalesOrderID AND l.SalesOrderDetailID < m.SalesOrderDetailID ) AS leag FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail AS m WHERE m.SalesOrderID IN (43670, 43669, 43667, 43663) ORDER BY m.SalesOrderID, m.SalesOrderDetailID, m.OrderQty This was one of the most interesting Puzzle on this blog. Giveaway Winners will get following giveaways. Geri Reshef and Pravin Patel SQL Server Interview Questions and Answers (India | USA) DHall Pluralsight 30 days Subscription Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, PostADay, Readers Contribution, Readers Question, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Function, SQL Puzzle, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• Searching for tasks with code – Executables and Event Handlers

  Searching packages or just enumerating through all tasks is not quite as straightforward as it may first appear, mainly because of the way you can nest tasks within other containers. You can see this illustrated in the sample package below where I have used several sequence containers and loops. To complicate this further all containers types, including packages and tasks, can have event handlers which can then support the full range of nested containers again. Towards the lower right, the task called SQL In FEL also has an event handler not shown, within which is another Execute SQL Task, so that makes a total of 6 Execute SQL Tasks 6 tasks spread across the package. In my previous post about such as adding a property expressionI kept it simple and just looked at tasks at the package level, but what if you wanted to find any or all tasks in a package? For this post I've written a console program that will search a package looking at all tasks no matter how deeply nested, and check to see if the name starts with "SQL". When it finds a matching task it writes out the hierarchy by name for that task, starting with the package and working down to the task itself. The output for our sample package is shown below, note it has found all 6 tasks, including the one on the OnPreExecute event of the SQL In FEL task TaskSearch v1.0.0.0 (1.0.0.0) Copyright (C) 2009 Konesans Ltd Processing File - C:\Projects\Alpha\Packages\MyPackage.dtsx MyPackage\FOR Counter Loop\SQL In Counter Loop MyPackage\SEQ For Each Loop Wrapper\FEL Simple Loop\SQL In FEL MyPackage\SEQ For Each Loop Wrapper\FEL Simple Loop\SQL In FEL\OnPreExecute\SQL On Pre Execute for FEL SQL Task MyPackage\SEQ Top Level\SEQ Nested Lvl 1\SEQ Nested Lvl 2\SQL In Nested Lvl 2 MyPackage\SEQ Top Level\SEQ Nested Lvl 1\SQL In Nested Lvl 1 #1 MyPackage\SEQ Top Level\SEQ Nested Lvl 1\SQL In Nested Lvl 1 #2 6 matching tasks found in package. The full project and code is available for download below, but first we can walk through the project to highlight the most important sections of code. This code has been abbreviated for this description, but is complete in the download. First of all we load the package, and then start by looking at the Executables for the package. // Load the package file Application application = new Application(); using (Package package = application.LoadPackage(filename, null)) { int matchCount = 0; // Look in the package's executables ProcessExecutables(package.Executables, ref matchCount); ... // // ... // Write out final count Console.WriteLine("{0} matching tasks found in package.", matchCount); } The ProcessExecutables method is a key method, as an executable could be described as the the highest level of a working functionality or container. There are several of types of executables, such as tasks, or sequence containers and loops. To know what to do next we need to work out what type of executable we are dealing with as the abbreviated version of method shows below. private static void ProcessExecutables(Executables executables, ref int matchCount) { foreach (Executable executable in executables) { TaskHost taskHost = executable as TaskHost; if (taskHost != null) { ProcessTaskHost(taskHost, ref matchCount); ProcessEventHandlers(taskHost.EventHandlers, ref matchCount); continue; } ... // // ... ForEachLoop forEachLoop = executable as ForEachLoop; if (forEachLoop != null) { ProcessExecutables(forEachLoop.Executables, ref matchCount); ProcessEventHandlers(forEachLoop.EventHandlers, ref matchCount); continue; } } } As you can see if the executable we find is a task we then call out to our ProcessTaskHost method. As with all of our executables a task can have event handlers which themselves contain more executables such as task and loops, so we also make a call out our ProcessEventHandlers method. The other types of executables such as loops can also have event handlers as well as executables. As shown with the example for the ForEachLoop we call the same ProcessExecutables and ProcessEventHandlers methods again to drill down into the hierarchy of objects that the package may contain. This code needs to explicitly check for each type of executable (TaskHost, Sequence, ForLoop and ForEachLoop) because whilst they all have an Executables property this is not from a common base class or interface. This example was just a simple find a task by its name, so ProcessTaskHost really just does that. We also get the hierarchy of objects so we can write out for information, obviously you can adapt this method to do something more interesting such as adding a property expression. private static void ProcessTaskHost(TaskHost taskHost, ref int matchCount) { if (taskHost == null) { return; } // Check if the task matches our match name if (taskHost.Name.StartsWith(TaskNameFilter, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) { // Build up the full object hierarchy of the task // so we can write it out for information StringBuilder path = new StringBuilder(); DtsContainer container = taskHost; while (container != null) { path.Insert(0, container.Name); container = container.Parent; if (container != null) { path.Insert(0, "\\"); } } // Write the task path // e.g. Package\Container\Event\Task Console.WriteLine(path); Console.WriteLine(); // Increment match counter for info matchCount++; } } Just for completeness, the other processing method we covered above is for event handlers, but really that just calls back to the executables. This same method is called in our main package method, but it was omitted for brevity here. private static void ProcessEventHandlers(DtsEventHandlers eventHandlers, ref int matchCount) { foreach (DtsEventHandler eventHandler in eventHandlers) { ProcessExecutables(eventHandler.Executables, ref matchCount); } } As hopefully the code demonstrates, executables (Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Runtime.Executable) are the workers, but within them you can nest more executables (except for task tasks).Executables themselves can have event handlers which can in turn hold more executables. I have tried to illustrate this highlight the relationships in the following diagram. Download Sample code project TaskSearch.zip (11KB)

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• GNOME panel crash

  - by josh

  when trying to log in using gnome-classic on ubuntu 11.10 gnome-panel crashes. I can still see the desktop and i can open applications via terminal but when i try to run gnome-panel using "gnome-panel" or "gnome-panel --replace" it crashes with this error: (gnome-panel:9694): Gtk-CRITICAL **: gtk_style_context_get: assertion `priv->widget_path != NULL' failed (gnome-panel:9694): Gtk-CRITICAL **: gtk_style_context_get: assertion `priv->widget_path != NULL' failed (gnome-panel:9694): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid uninstantiatable type `(null)' in cast to `PanelWidget' gnome-panel: /build/buildd/cairo-1.10.2/src/cairo-pattern.c:764: cairo_pattern_reference: Assertion `((*&(&pattern->ref_count)->ref_count) > 0)' failed. Aborted

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• Persisting settings without using Options dialog in Visual Studio

  - by Utkarsh Shigihalli

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/onlyutkarsh/archive/2013/11/02/persisting-settings-without-using-options-dialog-in-visual-studio.aspxIn one of my previous blog post we have seen persisting settings using Visual Studio's options dialog. Visual Studio options has many advantages in automatically persisting user options for you. However, during our latest Team Rooms extension development, we decided to provide our users; ability to use our preferences directly from Team Explorer. The main reason was that we had only one simple option for user and we thought it is cumbersome for user to go to Tools –> Options dialog to change this. Another reason was, we wanted to highlight this setting to user as soon as he is using our extension.   So if you are in such a scenario where you do not want to use VS options window, but still would like to persist the settings, this post will guide you through. Visual Studio SDK provides two ways to persist settings in your extensions. One is using DialogPage as shown in my previous post. Another way is to use by implementing IProfileManager interface which I will explain in this post. Please note that the class implementing IProfileManager should be independent class. This is because, VS instantiates this class during Tools –> Import and Export Settings. IProfileManager provides 2 different sets of methods (total 4 methods) to persist the settings. They are LoadSettingsFromXml and SaveSettingsToXml – Implement these methods to persist settings to disk from VS settings storage. The VS will persist your settings along with other options to disk. LoadSettingsFromStorage and SaveSettingsToStorage – Implement these methods to persist settings to local storage, usually it be registry. VS calls LoadSettingsFromStorage method when it is initializing the package too. We are going to use the 2nd set of methods for this example. First, we are creating a separate class file called UserOptions.cs. Please note that, we also need to implement IComponent, which can be done by inheriting Component along with IProfileManager. [ComVisible(true)] [Guid("XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX")] public class UserOptions : Component, IProfileManager { private const string SUBKEY_NAME = "TForVS2013"; private const string TRAY_NOTIFICATIONS_STRING = "TrayNotifications"; ... } Define the property so that it can be used to set and get from other classes. public bool TrayNotifications { get; set; } Implement the members of IProfileManager. public void LoadSettingsFromStorage() { RegistryKey reg = null; try { using (reg = Package.UserRegistryRoot.OpenSubKey(SUBKEY_NAME)) { if (reg != null) { // Key already exists, so just update this setting. TrayNotifications = Convert.ToBoolean(reg.GetValue(TRAY_NOTIFICATIONS_STRING, true)); } } } catch (TeamRoomException exception) { TrayNotifications = true; ExceptionReporting.Report(exception); } finally { if (reg != null) { reg.Close(); } } } public void LoadSettingsFromXml(IVsSettingsReader reader) { reader.ReadSettingBoolean(TRAY_NOTIFICATIONS_STRING, out _isTrayNotificationsEnabled); TrayNotifications = (_isTrayNotificationsEnabled == 1); } public void ResetSettings() { } public void SaveSettingsToStorage() { RegistryKey reg = null; try { using (reg = Package.UserRegistryRoot.OpenSubKey(SUBKEY_NAME, true)) { if (reg != null) { // Key already exists, so just update this setting. reg.SetValue(TRAY_NOTIFICATIONS_STRING, TrayNotifications); } else { reg = Package.UserRegistryRoot.CreateSubKey(SUBKEY_NAME); reg.SetValue(TRAY_NOTIFICATIONS_STRING, TrayNotifications); } } } catch (TeamRoomException exception) { ExceptionReporting.Report(exception); } finally { if (reg != null) { reg.Close(); } } } public void SaveSettingsToXml(IVsSettingsWriter writer) { writer.WriteSettingBoolean(TRAY_NOTIFICATIONS_STRING, TrayNotifications ? 1 : 0); } Let me elaborate on the method implementation. The Package class provides UserRegistryRoot (which is HKCU\Microsoft\VisualStudio\12.0 for VS2013) property which can be used to create and read the registry keys. So basically, in the methods above, I am checking if the registry key exists already and if not, I simply create it. Also, in case there is an exception I return the default values. If the key already exists, I update the value. Also, note that you need to make sure that you close the key while exiting from the method. Very simple right? Accessing and settings is simple too. We just need to use the exposed property. UserOptions.TrayNotifications = true; UserOptions.SaveSettingsToStorage(); Reading settings is as simple as reading a property. UserOptions.LoadSettingsFromStorage(); var trayNotifications = UserOptions.TrayNotifications; Lastly, the most important step. We need to tell Visual Studio shell that our package exposes options using the UserOptions class. For this we need to decorate our package class with ProvideProfile attribute as below. [ProvideProfile(typeof(UserOptions), "TForVS2013", "TeamRooms", 110, 110, false, DescriptionResourceID = 401)] public sealed class TeamRooms : Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.Package { ... } That's it. If everything is alright, once you run the package you will also see your options appearing in "Import Export settings" window, which allows you to export your options.

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• Subterranean IL: Constructor constraints

  - by Simon Cooper

  The constructor generic constraint is a slightly wierd one. The ECMA specification simply states that it: constrains [the type] to being a concrete reference type (i.e., not abstract) that has a public constructor taking no arguments (the default constructor), or to being a value type. There seems to be no reference within the spec to how you actually create an instance of a generic type with such a constraint. In non-generic methods, the normal way of creating an instance of a class is quite different to initializing an instance of a value type. For a reference type, you use newobj: newobj instance void IncrementableClass::.ctor() and for value types, you need to use initobj: .locals init ( valuetype IncrementableStruct s1 ) ldloca 0 initobj IncrementableStruct But, for a generic method, we need a consistent method that would work equally well for reference or value types. Activator.CreateInstance<T> To solve this problem the CLR designers could have chosen to create something similar to the constrained. prefix; if T is a value type, call initobj, and if it is a reference type, call newobj instance void !!0::.ctor(). However, this solution is much more heavyweight than constrained callvirt. The newobj call is encoded in the assembly using a simple reference to a row in a metadata table. This encoding is no longer valid for a call to !!0::.ctor(), as different constructor methods occupy different rows in the metadata tables. Furthermore, constructors aren't virtual, so we would have to somehow do a dynamic lookup to the correct method at runtime without using a MethodTable, something which is completely new to the CLR. Trying to do this in IL results in the following verification error: newobj instance void !!0::.ctor() [IL]: Error: Unable to resolve token. This is where Activator.CreateInstance<T> comes in. We can call this method to return us a new T, and make the whole issue Somebody Else's Problem. CreateInstance does all the dynamic method lookup for us, and returns us a new instance of the correct reference or value type (strangely enough, Activator.CreateInstance<T> does not itself have a .ctor constraint on its generic parameter): .method private static !!0 CreateInstance<.ctor T>() { call !!0 [mscorlib]System.Activator::CreateInstance<!!0>() ret } Going further: compiler enhancements Although this method works perfectly well for solving the problem, the C# compiler goes one step further. If you decompile the C# version of the CreateInstance method above: private static T CreateInstance() where T : new() { return new T(); } what you actually get is this (edited slightly for space & clarity): .method private static !!T CreateInstance<.ctor T>() { .locals init ( [0] !!T CS$0$0000, [1] !!T CS$0$0001 ) DetectValueType: ldloca.s 0 initobj !!T ldloc.0 box !!T brfalse.s CreateInstance CreateValueType: ldloca.s 1 initobj !!T ldloc.1 ret CreateInstance: call !!0 [mscorlib]System.Activator::CreateInstance<T>() ret } What on earth is going on here? Looking closer, it's actually quite a clever performance optimization around value types. So, lets dissect this code to see what it does. The CreateValueType and CreateInstance sections should be fairly self-explanatory; using initobj for value types, and Activator.CreateInstance for reference types. How does the DetectValueType section work? First, the stack transition for value types: ldloca.s 0 // &[!!T(uninitialized)] initobj !!T // ldloc.0 // !!T box !!T // O[!!T] brfalse.s // branch not taken When the brfalse.s is hit, the top stack entry is a non-null reference to a boxed !!T, so execution continues to to the CreateValueType section. What about when !!T is a reference type? Remember, the 'default' value of an object reference (type O) is zero, or null. ldloca.s 0 // &[!!T(null)] initobj !!T // ldloc.0 // null box !!T // null brfalse.s // branch taken Because box on a reference type is a no-op, the top of the stack at the brfalse.s is null, and so the branch to CreateInstance is taken. For reference types, Activator.CreateInstance is called which does the full dynamic lookup using reflection. For value types, a simple initobj is called, which is far faster, and also eliminates the unboxing that Activator.CreateInstance has to perform for value types. However, this is strictly a performance optimization; Activator.CreateInstance<T> works for value types as well as reference types. Next... That concludes the initial premise of the Subterranean IL series; to cover the details of generic methods and generic code in IL. I've got a few other ideas about where to go next; however, if anyone has any itching questions, suggestions, or things you've always wondered about IL, do let me know.

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