group policy preferences - Page 112

Web Applications Development: Security practices for Application design

- by Shyam

Hi, As I am creating more web applications that are targeted for multiple users, I figured out that I have to start thinking about user management and security. At a glance and in my ideal world, all users belong to a group. Permissions and access is thus defined per group (and inherited by the users of that group). Logically, I have my group of administrators, which are identified with a level "7" (integer) clearance. A group of webusers have for example level "1". This in generally all works great for me, but I need some kind of list that I have to keep in mind how I secure my system, and some general practices. I am not looking for a specific environment; I want to learn the why's and how's. An example is privilege escalation. If someone would be able to "push" themselves inside a group with higher privileges, for example the Administration, how can I prevent this, or what measures should I take to have some sort of precaution? I don't like in that case to walk into a caveat. My question is basically: where can I find a good resource, list, policy, book that explains the security of web applications, the why's, the how's and readable if you don't have any experience in the realm of advanced security? I prefer a free resource, as I believe I couldn't be the first one who thought about this. Thank you for your answers, comments and feedback.

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ajax checkbox filter

- by user1018298

I need some help with a checkbox filter I am working in. I have four groups of checkboxes (type, vehicle, availability, price) and I would like to filter the content on the page based on the user's input. I can get the filter working OK but I am having issues with the groups. I can only seem to match one checkbox from each group rather than all checkboxes from each group. For example, a visitor can select 1 option in group 1, all options in group 2, 1 option in group three and 1 option in group 4. I am using ajax to build an SLQ query to return the correct filtered results from my database. here is my code: $('div.filters').delegate('input:checkbox', 'change', function() { var type = $('input.exp_type:checked').map(function () { return $(this).attr('value'); }).get().join(','); var vehicle = $('input.vehicle_type:checked').map(function () { return $(this).attr('value'); }).get().join(','); var avail = $('input.availability:checked').map(function () { return $(this).attr('value'); }).get().join(','); var price = $('input.price:checked').map(function () { return $(this).attr('value'); }).get().join(','); //alert($options); $.ajax({ type:"POST", url:"filtervouchers.php", data:"type="+type+"&vehicle="+vehicle+"&avail="+avail+"&price="+price, success:function(data){ $('.results').html(data); } });//end ajax }) and the php code: $type = mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['type']); $vehicles = mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['vehicle']); $avail = mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['avail']); $price = mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['price']); if ($type != '') { $sql2 = " AND exp_type IN ($type)"; } if ($vehicles != '') { $sql3 = " AND vehicle_type LIKE '%$vehicles%'"; } if ($avail != '') { $sql4 = " AND availability LIKE '%,' $avail% ','"; } if ($price != '') { $sql5 = " AND price_band IN ($price)"; } Can this be done using jquery?

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can bind successfully to the ldap server, but needs to know how to find user w/i AD

- by Brad

I create a login form to bind to the ldap server, if successful, it creates a session (which the user's username is stored within), then I go to another page that has session_start(); and it works fine. What I want to do now, is add code to test if that user is a member of a specific group. So in theory, this is what I want to do if(username session is valid) { search ldap for user -> get list of groups user is member of foreach(group they are member of) { switch(group) { case STAFF: print 'they are member of staff group'; $access = true; break; default: print 'not a member of STAFF group'; $access = false; break; } if(group == STAFF) { break; } } if($access == TRUE) { // you have access to the content on this page } else { // you do not have access to this page } } How do I do a ldap_search w/o binding? I don't want to keep asking for their password on each page, and I can't pass their password thru a session. Any help is appreciated.

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Populate CruiseControl email publisher user addresses from file

- by Unsliced

Currently my CruiseControl.NET email publisher has its list of users hard-coded in the build config file <publishers> [ ... ] <email from="[email protected]" mailhost="stmp.domain.com" mailport="25" includeDetails="TRUE"> <replyto>[email protected]</replyto> <users> <user name="a.user" group="buildmaster" address="[email protected]"/> <user name="b.user" group="developers" address="[email protected]"/> </users> <groups> <group name="developers"> <notifications> <notificationType>Failed</notificationType> <notificationType>Fixed</notificationType> </notifications> </group> <group name="buildmaster"> <notifications> <notificationType>Always</notificationType> </notifications> </group> </groups> <modifierNotificationTypes> <NotificationType>Failed</NotificationType> <NotificationType>Fixed</NotificationType> </modifierNotificationTypes> </email> </publishers> I'd like to be able to read the list of users from an external file. We have dozens of build files and I'd like to streamline the process of adding new users and removing ones that are no longer interested. Can I do this?

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javascript array/object issue

- by FlyingCat

I am trying to push elements to an array. for (a=0; a < test.length; a++){ if(this.testnumber != test[a].number){ //it will only loop 8 times under conditional statement group = { title: test.Title , ID: test.ID, contents: [] }; this.company.push(group); this.testnumber = test.number[a]; } //outside of if conditional statement.. it will loop 15 times //i want every test[a].conetents get pushed to group.contents array. //this.company is the final variable I need for this function... group.contents.push(test[a].contents); } However, when I do console.log(this.company); I see 8 elmements with only 1 element in each group.contents array The ideal situation is to have 8 elements with 2 to 3 elements in the group.contents array I hope I explain my situation well. Any idea how to solve my issue? Thanks a lot!

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Connecting grouped dots/points on a scatter plot based on distance

- by ToNoY

I have 2 sets of depth point measurements, for example: > a depth value 1 2 2 2 4 3 3 6 4 4 8 5 5 16 40 6 18 45 7 20 58 > b depth value 1 10 10 2 12 20 3 14 35 I want to show both groups in one figure plotted with depth and with different symbols as you can see here plot(a$value, a$depth, type='b', col='green', pch=15) points(b$value, b$depth, type='b', col='red', pch=14) The plot seems okay, but the annoying part is that the green symbols are all connected (though I want connected lines also). I want connection only when one group has a continued data points at 2 m interval i.e. the symbols should be connected with a line from 2 to 8 m (green) and then group B symbols should be connected from 10-14 m (red) and again group A symbols should be connected (green), which means I do NOT want to see the connection between 8 m sample with the 16 m for group A. An easy solution may be dividing the group A into two parts (say, A-shallow and A-deep) and then plotting A-shallow, B, and A-deep separately. But this is completely impractical because I have thousands of data points with hundreds of groups i.e. I have to produce many depth profiles. Therefore, there has to be a way to program so that dots are NOT connected beyond a prescribed frequency/depth interval (e.g. 2 m in this case) for a particular group of samples. Any idea?

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MySQL Query Where Column Like Column

- by shmeeps

I'm working on a small project that involves grabbing a list of contacts which are stored for each group. Essentially, the database is set up so that each group has a primary and secondary contact stored as, unsurprisingly, Group.Primary and Group.Secondary. The objective is to pull every Primary and Secondary contact for each Group and display them in a sortable table. I have the sortable table all worked out, but I have come across a small problem. Each primary and secondary field can have more than one contact separated by a comma. For instance, if Primary contained 123,256 , it would need to pull both Contacts with IDs 123 and 256. I had intended to use a query formatted like this: SELECT * FROM Group G, Contacts C WHERE G.Primary LIKE %C.ID% OR G.Secondary LIKE %C.ID% so that I could just skip the comma part, but I can't seem to find a working query for this. My question to you is, am I just overlooking something here? Is there a simple query that would let me do this? Or am I better off getting the groups and contacts separately, and combine the two later. I think the former is a little easier to understand when read, which is a plus as this is a shared project, but if that is not possible I will do the latter. This code is simplified, but it gets the point across.

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HTML form never calls Javascript

- by user1205577

I have a set of radio buttons defined in HTML like so: <input type="radio" name="group" id="rad1" value="rad1" onClick="doStuff(this.id)">Option 1<br> <input type="radio" name="group" id="rad2" value="rad2" onClick="doStuff(this.id)">Option 2<br> Just before the </body> tag, I have the following JavaScript behavior defined: <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ function doStuff(var id){ alert("Doing stuff!"); } /*]]>*/ </script> When I run the program, the page loads as expected in my browser window and the radio buttons allow me to click them. The doStuff() function, however, is never called (I validated this using breakpoints as well). I also tried the following just to see if inline made the difference, but it seems the JavaScript is never called at all: <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ alert("JavaScript called!"); main(); function main(){ var group = document.getElementsByName('group'); for(var i=0; i<group.length; i++){ group[i].onclick = function(){ doStuff(this.id); }; } } /*]]>*/ </script> My question is, is there something special I need to do using HTML and JavaScript in this context? My question is not whether I should be using inline function calls or whether this is your favorite way to write code.

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How can I programmatically get the connection status of OSX network services?

- by BigBrainz

In the OS X System Preferences, when I click on 'Network' I see a green dot by 'Ethernet', and red dots by 'AirPort' and 'FireWire'. This is because I turned off AirPort and FireWire, as I access networks and the Internet via Ethernet. I need to programmatically determine which of these network services displayed in System Preferences have green dots and which have red dots. For Ethernet and FireWire the displayed status is 'Connected' or 'Not Connected', and for AirPort the displayed status is 'On' or 'Off'. Perhaps other network services have other status labels. I have picked through all the plist files in '/Library/Preferences/SystemConfiguration', particularly 'preferences.plist' and 'NetworkInterfaces.plist'. I can get all sorts of information there, such as the Location set, network service order, proxy information (which is also important to my task), but I cannot find how to determine whether a given network service is on or off--the equivalent of having the green dot displayed. I have also tried using System Configuration framework, specifically the SCNetworkConnectionGetStatus function, but all I get are invalid connection statuses. Does anyone know how to actually retrieve this connection status information? Thanks.

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Prevent Changing the Screen Saver and Wallpaper in Windows 7

- by Mysticgeek

Sometimes you might not want users to have the ability to change Screen Savers and Wallpaper on Windows 7 workstations. Today we look at how to prevent them from changing either one or both. You might administer computers in your home or small office and find it annoying when users continuously change the wallpaper and Screen Savers to something obnoxious. A lot of times they might be inexperienced users and download these so-called “wonderful and free” Screen Saver/Wallpaper packages from shady sites that include loads of Spyware. Preventing users from changing them is another helpful tool to avoid wasteful time spent switching things back. Prevent Changing Screensavers & Wallpaper Using Group Policy Editor Note: This method uses Group Policy which is not available in Home versions on Windows 7. Open the Start Menu and enter gpedit.msc into the Search box and hit Enter. When Local Group Policy Editor opens, navigate to User Configuration \ Administrative Templates \ Control Panel \ Personalization. Then in the right column double-click on Prevent changing desktop background. Now check the radio button next to Enabled, then click OK. Back on the Group Policy Screen, double-click on Prevent changing screen saver. In the next screen select the radio button next to Enable, click OK, then close out of Group Policy Editor. Now when a user goes into the Personalization section, the Desktop Background hyperlink is now grayed out and inactive. Notice the message One or more of the settings on this page has been disabled by the system administrator at the bottom of the section. If they click to change the Screen Saver, an error message will pop up letting them know the function is disabled. Prevent Changing Screensavers & Wallpaper Using a Registry Hack You can also make a couple Registry changes to prevent users from changing the Wallpaper & Screen Saver…which will work on Home versions of Windows 7. Before making any Registry changes make sure you back it up first. Open the Registry by typing regedit into the Search box in the Start menu and hit Enter. First we’ll start with the Wallpaper. Navigate to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System and create a new String Value and name it Wallpaper. Then modify the Value data to point to the location of the Wallpaper you want it to always be. Where in this example it’s our main wallpaper on our local drive…then click OK. Now let’s make sure they can’t change the Screen Saver. In the same Registry location, we need to make a new DWORD (32-bit) Value. Give it the Value name of NoDispScrSavPage and the value data of “1” and click OK. Close out of the Registry and restart the machine or simply log off then back on again for the changes to take effect. Results For the Wallpapers, a user can still go in and see the selections, however if they try to change it to something else… It will just go back to the Personalization screen and no changes will be made, as we set the value to only be the background we specified. If the user tries to make a change to the Screen Saver, the hyperlink will be grayed out and inactive, and the message One or more of the settings on this page has been disabled by the system administrator will be displayed at the bottom of the section. Conclusion If you’re tired of users changing the Wallpaper and Screen Saver, and want another way to help avoid Malware, locking down these settings can help a lot. Again, before making any changes to the Registry, make sure to back it up. These settings should work in Vista and XP as well. Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Save 1-4% More Battery Life With Windows Vista Battery SaverCustomize Your Windows Vista Logon ScreenEnable "Ubuntu Style" Logons in Windows VistaManage the Delete Confirmation Dialog box in Windows 7Dual Monitors: Use a Different Wallpaper on Each Desktop TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips Acronis Online Backup DVDFab 6 Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows Fun with 47 charts and graphs Tomorrow is Mother’s Day Check the Average Speed of YouTube Videos You’ve Watched OutlookStatView Scans and Displays General Usage Statistics How to Add Exceptions to the Windows Firewall Office 2010 reviewed in depth by Ed Bott

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Virtual host is not working in Ubuntu 14 VPS using XAMPP 1.8.3

- by viral4ever

I am using XAMPP as server in ubuntu 14.04 VPS of digitalocean. I tried to setup virtual hosts. But it is not working and I am getting 403 error of access denied. I changed files too. My files with changes are /opt/lampp/etc/httpd.conf # # This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file. It contains the # configuration directives that give the server its instructions. # See <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/trunk/> for detailed information. # In particular, see # <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/trunk/mod/directives.html> # for a discussion of each configuration directive. # # Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding # what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure # consult the online docs. You have been warned. # # Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many # of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the # server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin # with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so 'log/access_log' # with ServerRoot set to '/www' will be interpreted by the # server as '/www/log/access_log', where as '/log/access_log' will be # interpreted as '/log/access_log'. # # ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's # configuration, error, and log files are kept. # # Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path. If you point # ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to specify a local disk on the # Mutex directive, if file-based mutexes are used. If you wish to share the # same ServerRoot for multiple httpd daemons, you will need to change at # least PidFile. # ServerRoot "/opt/lampp" # # Mutex: Allows you to set the mutex mechanism and mutex file directory # for individual mutexes, or change the global defaults # # Uncomment and change the directory if mutexes are file-based and the default # mutex file directory is not on a local disk or is not appropriate for some # other reason. # # Mutex default:logs # # Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or # ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost> # directive. # # Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to # prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses. # #Listen 12.34.56.78:80 Listen 80 # # Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support # # To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you # have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the # directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used. # Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need # to be loaded here. # # Example: # LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so # LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so LoadModule authn_dbm_module modules/mod_authn_dbm.so LoadModule authn_anon_module modules/mod_authn_anon.so LoadModule authn_dbd_module modules/mod_authn_dbd.so LoadModule authn_socache_module modules/mod_authn_socache.so LoadModule authn_core_module modules/mod_authn_core.so LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so LoadModule authz_groupfile_module modules/mod_authz_groupfile.so LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so LoadModule authz_dbm_module modules/mod_authz_dbm.so LoadModule authz_owner_module modules/mod_authz_owner.so LoadModule authz_dbd_module modules/mod_authz_dbd.so LoadModule authz_core_module modules/mod_authz_core.so LoadModule authnz_ldap_module modules/mod_authnz_ldap.so LoadModule access_compat_module modules/mod_access_compat.so LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so LoadModule auth_form_module modules/mod_auth_form.so LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so LoadModule allowmethods_module modules/mod_allowmethods.so LoadModule file_cache_module modules/mod_file_cache.so LoadModule cache_module modules/mod_cache.so LoadModule cache_disk_module modules/mod_cache_disk.so LoadModule socache_shmcb_module modules/mod_socache_shmcb.so LoadModule socache_dbm_module modules/mod_socache_dbm.so LoadModule socache_memcache_module modules/mod_socache_memcache.so LoadModule dbd_module modules/mod_dbd.so LoadModule bucketeer_module modules/mod_bucketeer.so LoadModule dumpio_module modules/mod_dumpio.so LoadModule echo_module modules/mod_echo.so LoadModule case_filter_module modules/mod_case_filter.so LoadModule case_filter_in_module modules/mod_case_filter_in.so LoadModule buffer_module modules/mod_buffer.so LoadModule ratelimit_module modules/mod_ratelimit.so LoadModule reqtimeout_module modules/mod_reqtimeout.so LoadModule ext_filter_module modules/mod_ext_filter.so LoadModule request_module modules/mod_request.so LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so LoadModule filter_module modules/mod_filter.so LoadModule substitute_module modules/mod_substitute.so LoadModule sed_module modules/mod_sed.so LoadModule charset_lite_module modules/mod_charset_lite.so LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so LoadModule ldap_module modules/mod_ldap.so LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so LoadModule log_debug_module modules/mod_log_debug.so LoadModule logio_module modules/mod_logio.so LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so LoadModule mime_magic_module modules/mod_mime_magic.so LoadModule cern_meta_module modules/mod_cern_meta.so LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so LoadModule usertrack_module modules/mod_usertrack.so LoadModule unique_id_module modules/mod_unique_id.so LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so LoadModule version_module modules/mod_version.so LoadModule remoteip_module modules/mod_remoteip.so LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so LoadModule proxy_scgi_module modules/mod_proxy_scgi.so LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so LoadModule proxy_express_module modules/mod_proxy_express.so LoadModule session_module modules/mod_session.so LoadModule session_cookie_module modules/mod_session_cookie.so LoadModule session_dbd_module modules/mod_session_dbd.so LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so LoadModule lbmethod_byrequests_module modules/mod_lbmethod_byrequests.so LoadModule lbmethod_bytraffic_module modules/mod_lbmethod_bytraffic.so LoadModule lbmethod_bybusyness_module modules/mod_lbmethod_bybusyness.so LoadModule lbmethod_heartbeat_module modules/mod_lbmethod_heartbeat.so LoadModule unixd_module modules/mod_unixd.so LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so LoadModule suexec_module modules/mod_suexec.so LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so LoadModule cgid_module modules/mod_cgid.so LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so <IfDefine JUSTTOMAKEAPXSHAPPY> LoadModule php4_module modules/libphp4.so LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so </IfDefine> <IfModule unixd_module> # # If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run # httpd as root initially and it will switch. # # User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as. # It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for # running httpd, as with most system services. # User root Group www </IfModule> # 'Main' server configuration # # The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main' # server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a # <VirtualHost> definition. These values also provide defaults for # any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file. # # All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers, # in which case these default settings will be overridden for the # virtual host being defined. # # # ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be # e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such # as error documents. e.g. [email protected] # ServerAdmin [email protected] # # ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself. # This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify # it explicitly to prevent problems during startup. # # If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here. # #ServerName www.example.com:@@Port@@ # XAMPP ServerName localhost # # Deny access to the entirety of your server's filesystem. You must # explicitly permit access to web content directories in other # <Directory> blocks below. # <Directory /> AllowOverride none Require all denied </Directory> # # Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow # particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as # you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it # below. # # # DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your # documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but # symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations. # DocumentRoot "/opt/lampp/htdocs" <Directory "/opt/lampp/htdocs"> # # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All", # or any combination of: # Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews # # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All" # doesn't give it to you. # # The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/trunk/mod/core.html#options # for more information. # #Options Indexes FollowSymLinks # XAMPP Options Indexes FollowSymLinks ExecCGI Includes # # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files. # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords: # Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit # #AllowOverride None # since XAMPP 1.4: AllowOverride All # # Controls who can get stuff from this server. # Require all granted </Directory> # # DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory # is requested. # <IfModule dir_module> #DirectoryIndex index.html # XAMPP DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var index.php index.php3 index.php4 </IfModule> # # The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. # <Files ".ht*"> Require all denied </Files> # # ErrorLog: The location of the error log file. # If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost> # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be # logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost> # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here. # ErrorLog "logs/error_log" # # LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log. # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. # LogLevel warn <IfModule log_config_module> # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below). # LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common <IfModule logio_module> # You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio </IfModule> # # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format). # If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost> # container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do* # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be # logged therein and *not* in this file. # CustomLog "logs/access_log" common # # If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information # (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive. # #CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined </IfModule> <IfModule alias_module> # # Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to # exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client # will make a new request for the document at its new location. # Example: # Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar # # Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to # access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot. # Example: # Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path # # If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will # require it to be present in the URL. You will also likely # need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to # the filesystem path. # # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts. # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that # documents in the target directory are treated as applications and # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the # client. The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias # directives as to Alias. # ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/opt/lampp/cgi-bin/" </IfModule> <IfModule cgid_module> # # ScriptSock: On threaded servers, designate the path to the UNIX # socket used to communicate with the CGI daemon of mod_cgid. # #Scriptsock logs/cgisock </IfModule> # # "/opt/lampp/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased # CGI directory exists, if you have that configured. # <Directory "/opt/lampp/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options None Require all granted </Directory> <IfModule mime_module> # # TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from # filename extension to MIME-type. # TypesConfig etc/mime.types # # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration # file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types. # #AddType application/x-gzip .tgz # # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this. # #AddEncoding x-compress .Z #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz # # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types: # AddType application/x-compress .Z AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz # # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers": # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server # or added with the Action directive (see below) # # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories: # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.) # #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi # XAMPP, since LAMPP 0.9.8: AddHandler cgi-script .cgi .pl # For type maps (negotiated resources): #AddHandler type-map var # # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client. # # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI): # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.) # # XAMPP AddType text/html .shtml AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml </IfModule> # # The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the # contents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile # directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located. # #MIMEMagicFile etc/magic # # Customizable error responses come in three flavors: # 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects # # Some examples: #ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo." #ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html #ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl" #ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html # # # MaxRanges: Maximum number of Ranges in a request before # returning the entire resource, or one of the special # values 'default', 'none' or 'unlimited'. # Default setting is to accept 200 Ranges. #MaxRanges unlimited # # EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it, # memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall may be used to deliver # files. This usually improves server performance, but must # be turned off when serving from networked-mounted # filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise # broken on your system. # Defaults: EnableMMAP On, EnableSendfile Off # EnableMMAP off EnableSendfile off # Supplemental configuration # # The configuration files in the etc/extra/ directory can be # included to add extra features or to modify the default configuration of # the server, or you may simply copy their contents here and change as # necessary. # Server-pool management (MPM specific) #Include etc/extra/httpd-mpm.conf # Multi-language error messages Include etc/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf # Fancy directory listings Include etc/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf # Language settings #Include etc/extra/httpd-languages.conf # User home directories #Include etc/extra/httpd-userdir.conf # Real-time info on requests and configuration #Include etc/extra/httpd-info.conf # Virtual hosts Include etc/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf # Local access to the Apache HTTP Server Manual #Include etc/extra/httpd-manual.conf # Distributed authoring and versioning (WebDAV) #Include etc/extra/httpd-dav.conf # Various default settings Include etc/extra/httpd-default.conf # Configure mod_proxy_html to understand HTML4/XHTML1 <IfModule proxy_html_module> Include etc/extra/proxy-html.conf </IfModule> # Secure (SSL/TLS) connections <IfModule ssl_module> # XAMPP <IfDefine SSL> Include etc/extra/httpd-ssl.conf </IfDefine> </IfModule> # # Note: The following must must be present to support # starting without SSL on platforms with no /dev/random equivalent # but a statically compiled-in mod_ssl. # <IfModule ssl_module> SSLRandomSeed startup builtin SSLRandomSeed connect builtin </IfModule> # XAMPP Include etc/extra/httpd-xampp.conf Include "/opt/lampp/apache2/conf/httpd.conf" I used command shown in this example. I used below lines to change and add group Add group "groupadd www" Add user to group "usermod -aG www root" Change htdocs group "chgrp -R www /opt/lampp/htdocs" Change sitedir group "chgrp -R www /opt/lampp/htdocs/mysite" Change htdocs chmod "chmod 2775 /opt/lampp/htdocs" Change sitedir chmod "chmod 2775 /opt/lampp/htdocs/mysite" And then I changed my vhosts.conf file # Virtual Hosts # # Required modules: mod_log_config # If you want to maintain multiple domains/hostnames on your # machine you can setup VirtualHost containers for them. Most configurations # use only name-based virtual hosts so the server doesn't need to worry about # IP addresses. This is indicated by the asterisks in the directives below. # # Please see the documentation at # <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/vhosts/> # for further details before you try to setup virtual hosts. # # You may use the command line option '-S' to verify your virtual host # configuration. # # VirtualHost example: # Almost any Apache directive may go into a VirtualHost container. # The first VirtualHost section is used for all requests that do not # match a ServerName or ServerAlias in any <VirtualHost> block. # <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot "/opt/lampp/docs/dummy-host.example.com" ServerName dummy-host.example.com ServerAlias www.dummy-host.example.com ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log" CustomLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log" common </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot "/opt/lampp/docs/dummy-host2.example.com" ServerName dummy-host2.example.com ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host2.example.com-error_log" CustomLog "logs/dummy-host2.example.com-access_log" common </VirtualHost> NameVirtualHost * <VirtualHost *> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot "/opt/lampp/htdocs/mysite" ServerName mysite.com ServerAlias mysite.com ErrorLog "/opt/lampp/htdocs/mysite/errorlogs" CustomLog "/opt/lampp/htdocs/mysite/customlog" common <Directory "/opt/lampp/htdocs/mysite"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks Includes ExecCGI AllowOverride All Order Allow,Deny Allow from all Require all granted </Directory> </VirtualHost> but still its not working and I am getting 403 error on my ip and domain however I can access phpmyadmin. If anyone can help me, please help me.

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OS Analytics with Oracle Enterprise Manager (by Eran Steiner)

- by Zeynep Koch

Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center provides a feature called "OS Analytics". This feature allows you to get a better understanding of how the Operating System is being utilized. You can research the historical usage as well as real time data. This post will show how you can benefit from OS Analytics and how it works behind the scenes. The recording of our call to discuss this blog is available here: https://oracleconferencing.webex.com/oracleconferencing/ldr.php?AT=pb&SP=MC&rID=71517797&rKey=4ec9d4a3508564b3Download the presentation here See also: Blog about Alert Monitoring and Problem Notification Blog about Using Operational Profiles to Install Packages and other content Here is quick summary of what you can do with OS Analytics in Ops Center: View historical charts and real time value of CPU, memory, network and disk utilization Find the top CPU and Memory processes in real time or at a certain historical day Determine proper monitoring thresholds based on historical data Drill down into a process details Where to start To start with OS Analytics, choose the OS asset in the tree and click the Analytics tab. You can see the CPU utilization, Memory utilization and Network utilization, along with the current real time top 5 processes in each category (click the image to see a larger version): In the above screen, you can click each of the top 5 processes to see a more detailed view of that process. Here is an example of one of the processes: One of the cool things is that you can see the process tree for this process along with some port binding and open file descriptors. Next, click the "Processes" tab to see real time information of all the processes on the machine: An interesting column is the "Target" column. If you configured Ops Center to work with Enterprise Manager Cloud Control, then the two products will talk to each other and Ops Center will display the correlated target from Cloud Control in this table. If you are only using Ops Center - this column will remain empty. The "Threshold" tab is particularly helpful - you can view historical trends of different monitored values and based on the graph - determine what the monitoring values should be: You can ask Ops Center to suggest monitoring levels based on the historical values or you can set your own. The different colors in the graph represent the current set levels: Red for critical, Yellow for warning and Blue for Information, allowing you to quickly see how they're positioned against real data. It's important to note that when looking at longer periods, Ops Center smooths out the data and uses averages. So when looking at values such as CPU Usage, try shorter time frames which are more detailed, such as one hour or one day. Applying new monitoring values When first applying new values to monitored attributes - a popup will come up asking if it's OK to get you out of the current Monitoring Policy. This is OK if you want to either have custom monitoring for a specific machine, or if you want to use this current machine as a "Gold image" and extract a Monitoring Policy from it. You can later apply the new Monitoring Policy to other machines and also set it as a default Monitoring Profile. Once you're done with applying the different monitoring values, you can review and change them in the "Monitoring" tab. You can also click the "Extract a Monitoring Policy" in the actions pane on the right to save all the new values to a new Monitoring Policy, which can then be found under "Plan Management" -> "Monitoring Policies". Visiting the past Under the "History" tab you can "go back in time". This is very helpful when you know that a machine was busy a few hours ago (perhaps in the middle of the night?), but you were not around to take a look at it in real time. Here's a view into yesterday's data on one of the machines: You can see an interesting CPU spike happening at around 3:30 am along with some memory use. In the bottom table you can see the top 5 CPU and Memory consumers at the requested time. Very quickly you can see that this spike is related to the Solaris 11 IPS repository synchronization process using the "pkgrecv" command. The "time machine" doesn't stop here - you can also view historical data to determine which of the zones was the busiest at a given time: Under the hood The data collected is stored on each of the agents under /var/opt/sun/xvm/analytics/historical/ An "os.zip" file exists for the main OS. Inside you will find many small text files, named after the Epoch time stamp in which they were taken If you have any zones, there will be a file called "guests.zip" containing the same small files for all the zones, as well as a folder with the name of the zone along with "os.zip" in it If this is the Enterprise Controller or the Proxy Controller, you will have folders called "proxy" and "sat" in which you will find the "os.zip" for that controller The actual script collecting the data can be viewed for debugging purposes as well: On Linux, the location is: /opt/sun/xvmoc/private/os_analytics/collect If you would like to redirect all the standard error into a file for debugging, touch the following file and the output will go into it: # touch /tmp/.collect.stderr The temporary data is collected under /var/opt/sun/xvm/analytics/.collectdb until it is zipped. If you would like to review the properties for the Analytics, you can view those per each agent in /opt/sun/n1gc/lib/XVM.properties. Find the section "Analytics configurable properties for OS and VSC" to view the Analytics specific values. I hope you find this helpful! Please post questions in the comments below. Eran Steiner

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How do I server multiple domains from the same directory and codebase without my configuraton breaking when apache.conf is overwritten?

- by neokio

I have 20 domains on a VPS running cPanel. One public_html is filled with code, the remaining 19 are symbolic links to that one. (For example, assets is a directory within public_html ... for the 19 others, there's a symbolic link to that directory in each each accounts public_html dir.) It's all PHP / MySQL database driven, with content changing depending on the domain. It works like a charm, assuming cPanel has suExec enabled correctly, and assuming apache.conf does NOT have SymLinksIfOwnerMatch enabled. However, every few weeks, my apache.conf is mysteriously overwritten, re-enabling SymLinksIfOwnerMatch, and disabling all 19 linked sites for as long as it takes for me to notice. Here's the offending line in apache.conf: <Directory "/"> AllowOverride All Options ExecCGI FollowSymLinks IncludesNOEXEC Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch </Directory> The addition of SymLinksIfOwnerMatch disables the sites in a strange way ... the html is generated correctly, but all css/js/image in the html fails to load. Clicking any link redirects to /. And I have no idea why. I do have a few things in my .htaccess, which work fine when SymLinksIfOwnerMatch is not present: <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> # www.example.com -> example.com RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.(.+)$ [NC] RewriteRule ^ http://%1%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L] # Remove query strings from static resources RewriteRule ^assets/js/(.*)_v(.*)\.js /assets/js/$1.js [L] RewriteRule ^assets/css/(.*)_v(.*)\.css /assets/css/$1.css [L] RewriteRule ^assets/sites/(.*)/(.*)_v(.*)\.css /assets/sites/$1/$2.css [L] # Block access to hidden files and directories RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} -d [OR] RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} -f RewriteRule "(^|/)\." - [F] # SLIR ... reroute images to image processor RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/images/.*$ RewriteRule ^.*$ - [L] # ignore rules if URL is a file RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f # ignore rules if URL is not php #RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !\.php$ # catch-all for routing RewriteRule . index.php [L] </ifModule> I also use most of the 5G Blacklist 2013 for protection against exploits and other depravities. Again, all of this works great, except when SymLinksIfOwnerMatch gets added back into apache.conf. Since I've failed to find the cause of whatever cPanel/security update is overwriting apache.conf, I thought there might be a more correct way to accomplish my goal using group permissions. I've created a 'www' group, added all accounts to the group, and chmod -R'd the code source to use that group. Everything is 644 or 755. But doesn't seem to be enough. My unix isn't that strong. Do you need to restart something for group changes to take effect? Probably not. Anyways, I'm entering unknown territory. Can anyone recommend the right way to configure a website for multiple sites using one codebase that doesn't rely on apache.conf?

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Why do ICMP Redirct Host happen?

- by El Barto

I'm setting up a Debian box as a router for 4 subnets. For that I have defined 4 virtual interfaces on the NIC where the LAN is connected (eth1). eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 94:0c:6d:82:0d:98 inet addr:10.1.1.1 Bcast:10.1.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::960c:6dff:fe82:d98/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:6026521 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:35331299 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:673201397 (642.0 MiB) TX bytes:177276932 (169.0 MiB) Interrupt:19 Base address:0x6000 eth1:0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 94:0c:6d:82:0d:98 inet addr:10.1.2.1 Bcast:10.1.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 Interrupt:19 Base address:0x6000 eth1:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 94:0c:6d:82:0d:98 inet addr:10.1.3.1 Bcast:10.1.3.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 Interrupt:19 Base address:0x6000 eth1:2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 94:0c:6d:82:0d:98 inet addr:10.1.4.1 Bcast:10.1.4.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 Interrupt:19 Base address:0x6000 eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 6c:f0:49:a4:47:38 inet addr:192.168.1.10 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::6ef0:49ff:fea4:4738/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:199809345 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:158362936 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:1 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:3656983762 (3.4 GiB) TX bytes:1715848473 (1.5 GiB) Interrupt:27 eth3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 94:0c:6d:82:c8:72 inet addr:192.168.2.5 Bcast:192.168.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::960c:6dff:fe82:c872/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:110814 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:73386 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:16044901 (15.3 MiB) TX bytes:42125647 (40.1 MiB) Interrupt:20 Base address:0x2000 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:22351 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:22351 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:2625143 (2.5 MiB) TX bytes:2625143 (2.5 MiB) tun0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:10.8.0.1 P-t-P:10.8.0.2 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:41358924 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:23116350 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:3065505744 (2.8 GiB) TX bytes:1324358330 (1.2 GiB) I have two other computers connected to this network. One has IP 10.1.1.12 (subnet mask 255.255.255.0) and the other one 10.1.2.20 (subnet mask 255.255.255.0). I want to be able to reach 10.1.1.12 from 10.1.2.20. Since packet forwarding is enabled in the router and the policy of the FORWARD chain is ACCEPT (and there are no other rules), I understand that there should be no problem to ping from 10.1.2.20 to 10.1.1.12 going through the router. However, this is what I get: $ ping -c15 10.1.1.12 PING 10.1.1.12 (10.1.1.12): 56 data bytes Request timeout for icmp_seq 0 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 81d4 0 0000 3f 01 e2b3 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 1 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 899b 0 0000 3f 01 daec 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 2 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 78fe 0 0000 3f 01 eb89 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 3 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 14b8 0 0000 3f 01 4fd0 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 4 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 8ef7 0 0000 3f 01 d590 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 5 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 ec9d 0 0000 3f 01 77ea 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 6 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 70e6 0 0000 3f 01 f3a1 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 7 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 b0d2 0 0000 3f 01 b3b5 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 8 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 f8b4 0 0000 3f 01 6bd3 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 9 Request timeout for icmp_seq 10 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 1c95 0 0000 3f 01 47f3 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 11 Request timeout for icmp_seq 12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 13 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 62bc 0 0000 3f 01 01cc 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Why does this happen? From what I've read the Redirect Host response has something to do with the fact that the two hosts are in the same network and there being a shorter route (or so I understood). They are in fact in the same physical network, but why would there be a better route if they are not on the same subnet (they can't see each other)? What am I missing? Some extra info you might want to see: # route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 10.8.0.2 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 127.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 lo 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth3 10.8.0.0 10.8.0.2 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 1 0 0 eth2 10.1.4.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth2 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth3 # iptables -L -n Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination # iptables -L -n -t nat Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination MASQUERADE all -- !10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0/8 MASQUERADE all -- 10.0.0.0/8 !10.0.0.0/8 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination

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Why do ICMP Redirect Host happen?

- by El Barto

I'm setting up a Debian box as a router for 4 subnets. For that I have defined 4 virtual interfaces on the NIC where the LAN is connected (eth1). eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 94:0c:6d:82:0d:98 inet addr:10.1.1.1 Bcast:10.1.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::960c:6dff:fe82:d98/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:6026521 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:35331299 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:673201397 (642.0 MiB) TX bytes:177276932 (169.0 MiB) Interrupt:19 Base address:0x6000 eth1:0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 94:0c:6d:82:0d:98 inet addr:10.1.2.1 Bcast:10.1.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 Interrupt:19 Base address:0x6000 eth1:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 94:0c:6d:82:0d:98 inet addr:10.1.3.1 Bcast:10.1.3.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 Interrupt:19 Base address:0x6000 eth1:2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 94:0c:6d:82:0d:98 inet addr:10.1.4.1 Bcast:10.1.4.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 Interrupt:19 Base address:0x6000 eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 6c:f0:49:a4:47:38 inet addr:192.168.1.10 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::6ef0:49ff:fea4:4738/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:199809345 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:158362936 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:1 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:3656983762 (3.4 GiB) TX bytes:1715848473 (1.5 GiB) Interrupt:27 eth3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 94:0c:6d:82:c8:72 inet addr:192.168.2.5 Bcast:192.168.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::960c:6dff:fe82:c872/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:110814 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:73386 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:16044901 (15.3 MiB) TX bytes:42125647 (40.1 MiB) Interrupt:20 Base address:0x2000 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:22351 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:22351 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:2625143 (2.5 MiB) TX bytes:2625143 (2.5 MiB) tun0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:10.8.0.1 P-t-P:10.8.0.2 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:41358924 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:23116350 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:3065505744 (2.8 GiB) TX bytes:1324358330 (1.2 GiB) I have two other computers connected to this network. One has IP 10.1.1.12 (subnet mask 255.255.255.0) and the other one 10.1.2.20 (subnet mask 255.255.255.0). I want to be able to reach 10.1.1.12 from 10.1.2.20. Since packet forwarding is enabled in the router and the policy of the FORWARD chain is ACCEPT (and there are no other rules), I understand that there should be no problem to ping from 10.1.2.20 to 10.1.1.12 going through the router. However, this is what I get: $ ping -c15 10.1.1.12 PING 10.1.1.12 (10.1.1.12): 56 data bytes Request timeout for icmp_seq 0 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 81d4 0 0000 3f 01 e2b3 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 1 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 899b 0 0000 3f 01 daec 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 2 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 78fe 0 0000 3f 01 eb89 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 3 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 14b8 0 0000 3f 01 4fd0 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 4 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 8ef7 0 0000 3f 01 d590 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 5 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 ec9d 0 0000 3f 01 77ea 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 6 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 70e6 0 0000 3f 01 f3a1 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 7 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 b0d2 0 0000 3f 01 b3b5 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 8 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 f8b4 0 0000 3f 01 6bd3 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 9 Request timeout for icmp_seq 10 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 1c95 0 0000 3f 01 47f3 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 11 Request timeout for icmp_seq 12 Request timeout for icmp_seq 13 92 bytes from router2.mydomain.com (10.1.2.1): Redirect Host(New addr: 10.1.1.12) Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 0054 62bc 0 0000 3f 01 01cc 10.1.2.20 10.1.1.12 Why does this happen? From what I've read the Redirect Host response has something to do with the fact that the two hosts are in the same network and there being a shorter route (or so I understood). They are in fact in the same physical network, but why would there be a better route if they are not on the same subnet (they can't see each other)? What am I missing? Some extra info you might want to see: # route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 10.8.0.2 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 127.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 lo 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth3 10.8.0.0 10.8.0.2 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 1 0 0 eth2 10.1.4.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth2 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth3 # iptables -L -n Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination # iptables -L -n -t nat Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination MASQUERADE all -- !10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0/8 MASQUERADE all -- 10.0.0.0/8 !10.0.0.0/8 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination

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NHibernate mapping with optimistic-lock="version" and dynamic-update="true" is generating invalid up

- by SteveBering

I have an entity "Group" with an assigned ID which is added to an aggregate in order to persist it. This causes an issue because NHibernate can't tell if it is new or existing. To remedy this issue, I changed the mapping to make the Group entity use optimistic locking on a sql timestamp version column. This caused a new issue. Group has a bag of sub objects. So when NHibernate flushes a new group to the database, it first creates the Group record in the Groups table, then inserts each of the sub objects, then does an update of the Group records to update the timestamp value. However, the sql that is generated to complete the update is invalid when the mapping is both dynamic-update="true" and optimistic-lock="version". Here is the mapping: <class xmlns="urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2" dynamic-update="true" mutable="true" optimistic-lock="version" name="Group" table="Groups"> <id name="GroupNumber" type="System.String, mscorlib, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"> <column name="GroupNumber" length="5" /> <generator class="assigned" /> </id> <version generated="always" name="Timestamp" type="BinaryBlob" unsaved-value="null"> <column name="TS" not-null="false" sql-type="timestamp" /> </version> <property name="UID" update="false" type="System.Guid, mscorlib, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"> <column name="GroupUID" unique="true" /> </property> <property name="Description" type="AnsiString"> <column name="GroupDescription" length="25" not-null="true" /> </property> <bag access="field.camelcase-underscore" cascade="all" inverse="true" lazy="true" name="Assignments" mutable="true" order-by="GroupAssignAssignment"> <key foreign-key="fk_Group_Assignments"> <column name="GroupNumber" /> </key> <one-to-many class="Assignment" /> </bag> <many-to-one class="Aggregate" name="Aggregate"> <column name="GroupParentID" not-null="true" /> </many-to-one> </class> </hibernate-mapping> When the mapping includes both the dynamic update and the optimistic lock, the sql generated is: UPDATE groups SET WHERE GroupNumber = 11111 AND TS=0x00000007877 This is obviously invalid as there are no SET statements. If I remove the dynamic update part, everything gets updated during this update statement instead. This makes the statement valid, but rather unnecessary. Has anyone seen this issue before? Am I missing something? Thanks, Steve

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How do i rotate a CALayer around a diagonal line?

- by Mattias Wadman

Hi. I'm trying to implement a flip animation to be used in board game like iPhone-application. The animation is supposed to look like a game piece that rotates and changes to the color of its back (kind of like an Reversi piece). I've managed to create an animation that flips the piece around its orthogonal axis, but when I try to flip it around a diagonal axis by changing the rotation around the z-axis the actual image also gets rotated (not surprisingly). Instead I would like to rotate the image "as is" around a diagonal axis. I have tried to change layer.sublayerTransform but with no success. Here is my current implementation. It works by doing a trick to resolve the issue of getting a mirrored image at the end of the animation. The solution is to not actually rotate the layer 180 degrees, instead it rotates it 90 degrees, changes image and then rotates it back. + (void)flipLayer:(CALayer *)layer toImage:(CGImageRef)image withAngle:(double)angle { const float duration = 0.5f; CAKeyframeAnimation *diag = [CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.rotation.z"]; diag.duration = duration; diag.values = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: [NSNumber numberWithDouble:angle], [NSNumber numberWithDouble:0.0f], nil]; diag.keyTimes = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: [NSNumber numberWithDouble:0.0f], [NSNumber numberWithDouble:1.0f], nil]; diag.calculationMode = kCAAnimationDiscrete; CAKeyframeAnimation *flip = [CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.rotation.y"]; flip.duration = duration; flip.values = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: [NSNumber numberWithDouble:0.0f], [NSNumber numberWithDouble:M_PI / 2], [NSNumber numberWithDouble:0.0f], nil]; flip.keyTimes = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: [NSNumber numberWithDouble:0.0f], [NSNumber numberWithDouble:0.5f], [NSNumber numberWithDouble:1.0f], nil]; flip.calculationMode = kCAAnimationLinear; CAKeyframeAnimation *replace = [CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"contents"]; replace.duration = duration / 2; replace.beginTime = duration / 2; replace.values = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:(id)image, nil]; replace.keyTimes = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: [NSNumber numberWithDouble:0.0f], nil]; replace.calculationMode = kCAAnimationDiscrete; CAAnimationGroup *group = [CAAnimationGroup animation]; group.removedOnCompletion = NO; group.duration = duration; group.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionLinear]; group.animations = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:diag, flip, replace, nil]; group.fillMode = kCAFillModeForwards; [layer addAnimation:group forKey:nil]; }

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How do i rotate a CALayer around a diagonal axis?

- by Mattias Wadman

Hi, im trying to implement a flip animation to be used in board game like application. The animation is suppose to look like a game piece that rotate and change to the color of its back. I have managed to get a animation that flips around orthogonal axis, but when i try to flip around a diagonal axis by changing the rotation around the z-axis not surprisingly the actual image also gets rotated. Instead i would like to rotate the image as it is around a diagonal axis. I have tried to change layer.sublayerTransform but with no success. Here is the current implementation. It works by doing a trick to resolve the issue of getting a mirrored image at the end of the animation. The solution is to not actually rotate the layer 180 degrees, instead it rotates it 90 degrees, changes image and then rotates it back. + (void)flipLayer:(CALayer *)layer toImage:(CGImageRef)image withAngle:(double)angle { const float duration = 0.5f; CAKeyframeAnimation *diag = [CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.rotation.z"]; diag.duration = duration; diag.values = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: [NSNumber numberWithDouble:angle], [NSNumber numberWithDouble:0.0f], nil]; diag.keyTimes = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: [NSNumber numberWithDouble:0.0f], [NSNumber numberWithDouble:1.0f], nil]; diag.calculationMode = kCAAnimationDiscrete; CAKeyframeAnimation *flip = [CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.rotation.y"]; flip.duration = duration; flip.values = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: [NSNumber numberWithDouble:0.0f], [NSNumber numberWithDouble:M_PI / 2], [NSNumber numberWithDouble:0.0f], nil]; flip.keyTimes = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: [NSNumber numberWithDouble:0.0f], [NSNumber numberWithDouble:0.5f], [NSNumber numberWithDouble:1.0f], nil]; flip.calculationMode = kCAAnimationLinear; CAKeyframeAnimation *replace = [CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"contents"]; replace.duration = duration / 2; replace.beginTime = duration / 2; replace.values = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:(id)image, nil]; replace.keyTimes = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: [NSNumber numberWithDouble:0.0f], nil]; replace.calculationMode = kCAAnimationDiscrete; CAAnimationGroup *group = [CAAnimationGroup animation]; group.removedOnCompletion = NO; group.duration = duration; group.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionLinear]; group.animations = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:diag, flip, replace, nil]; group.fillMode = kCAFillModeForwards; [layer addAnimation:group forKey:nil]; }

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Rails ActiveResource Associations

- by brad

I have some ARes models (see below) that I'm trying to use associations with (which seems to be wholly undocumented and maybe not possible but I thought I'd give it a try) So on my service side, my ActiveRecord object will render something like render :xml => @group.to_xml(:include => :customers) (see generated xml below) The models Group and Customers are HABTM On my ARes side, I'm hoping that it can see the <customers> xml attribute and automatically populate the .customers attribute of that Group object , but the has_many etc methods aren't supported (at least as far as I can tell) So I'm wondering how ARes does it's reflection on the XML to set the attributes of an object. In AR for instance I could create a def customers=(customer_array) and set it myself, but this doesn't seem to work in ARes. One suggestion I found for an "association" is the just have a method def customers Customer.find(:all, :conditions => {:group_id => self.id}) end But this has the disadvantage that it makes a second service call to look up those customers... not cool I'd like my ActiveResource model to see that the customers attribute in the XML and automatically populate my model. Anyone have any experience with this?? # My Services class Customer < ActiveRecord::Base has_and_belongs_to_many :groups end class Group < ActiveRecord::Base has_and_belongs_to_many :customer end # My ActiveResource accessors class Customer < ActiveResource::Base; end class Group < ActiveResource::Base; end # XML from /groups/:id?customers=true <group> <domain>some.domain.com</domain> <id type="integer">266</id> <name>Some Name</name> <customers type="array"> <customer> <active type="boolean">true</active> <id type="integer">1</id> <name>Some Name</name> </customer> <customer> <active type="boolean" nil="true"></active> <id type="integer">306</id> <name>Some Other Name</name> </customer> </customers> </group>

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Artichow PlotGroup: Legends not showing

- by Hameed

I am working on a little project on OpenCATS, developing some charts. In one of the charts, I need to add multiple plots to a PlotGroup and add Legends as well. I have written a small function that creates the chart, however I have difficulty displaying the legends when I add them to a PlotGroup object. Here is the code: public function draw($format = false) { /* Make sure we have GD support. */ if (!function_exists('imagecreatefromjpeg')) { die(); } if ($format === false) { $format = IMG_PNG; } $group = new PlotGroup(); $graph = new Graph($this->width, $this->height, NULL, 0, $this->width-135); $graph->setFormat($format); $graph->setBackgroundColor(new Color(0xF4, 0xF4, 0xF4)); $graph->shadow->setSize(3); $graph->title->set($this->title); $graph->title->setFont(new Tuffy(10)); $graph->title->setColor(new Color(0x00, 0x00, 0x8B)); $graph->border->setColor(new Color(187, 187, 187, 15)); $group->axis->bottom->setLabelText($this->xLabels); $group->axis->bottom->label->setFont(new Tuffy(8)); $group->setPadding(25, 145, 10, 22); $plotcount = 0; $plot = array(); foreach ($this->xValues as $xVal) { $plotcount++; $plot[$plotcount-1] = new LinePlot($xVal, LinePlot::LINE); $plot[$plotcount-1]->setPadding(25, 145, 10, 22); if ($plotcount % 5 ==0 ) $plot[$plotcount-1]->setColor(new Blue); else if ($plotcount % 4 ==0 ) $plot[$plotcount-1]->setColor(new DarkGreen); else if ($plotcount % 3 ==0 ) $plot[$plotcount-1]->setColor(new Red); else if ($plotcount % 2 ==0 ) $plot[$plotcount-1]->setColor(new Orange); $plot[$plotcount-1]->setThickness(2); $plot[$plotcount-1]->legend->add($plot[$plotcount-1], $this->legends[$plotcount-1]); $plot[$plotcount-1]->legend->setTextFont(new Tuffy(8)); $plot[$plotcount-1]->legend->setPadding(3, 3, 3, 3, 3); $plot[$plotcount-1]->legend->setPosition(1, 0.825); $plot[$plotcount-1]->legend->setBackgroundColor(new Color(0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF)); $plot[$plotcount-1]->legend->border->setColor(new Color(0xD0, 0xD0, 0xD0)); $plot[$plotcount-1]->legend->shadow->setSize(0); $group->add($plot[$plotcount-1]); } $graph->add($group); $graph->draw(); } } If I draw only one LinePlot it works: So for instance if I change $graph->add($group); to $graph->add($plot[0]); then only one of the lines will show up with the legend next to it.

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Calculating a Sample Covariance Matrix for Groups with plyr

- by John A. Ramey

I'm going to use the sample code from http://gettinggeneticsdone.blogspot.com/2009/11/split-apply-and-combine-in-r-using-plyr.html for this example. So, first, let's copy their example data: mydata=data.frame(X1=rnorm(30), X2=rnorm(30,5,2), SNP1=c(rep("AA",10), rep("Aa",10), rep("aa",10)), SNP2=c(rep("BB",10), rep("Bb",10), rep("bb",10))) I am going to ignore SNP2 in this example and just pretend the values in SNP1 denote group membership. So then, I may want some summary statistics about each group in SNP1: "AA", "Aa", "aa". Then if I want to calculate the means for each variable, it makes sense (modifying their code slightly) to use: > ddply(mydata, c("SNP1"), function(df) data.frame(meanX1=mean(df$X1), meanX2=mean(df$X2))) SNP1 meanX1 meanX2 1 aa 0.05178028 4.812302 2 Aa 0.30586206 4.820739 3 AA -0.26862500 4.856006 But what if I want the sample covariance matrix for each group? Ideally, I would like a 3D array, where the I have the covariance matrix for each group, and the third dimension denotes the corresponding group. I tried a modified version of the previous code and got the following results that have convinced me that I'm doing something wrong. > daply(mydata, c("SNP1"), function(df) cov(cbind(df$X1, df$X2))) , , = 1 SNP1 1 2 aa 1.4961210 -0.9496134 Aa 0.8833190 -0.1640711 AA 0.9942357 -0.9955837 , , = 2 SNP1 1 2 aa -0.9496134 2.881515 Aa -0.1640711 2.466105 AA -0.9955837 4.938320 I was thinking that the dim() of the 3rd dimension would be 3, but instead, it is 2. Really this is a sliced up version of the covariance matrix for each group. If we manually compute the sample covariance matrix for aa, we get: [,1] [,2] [1,] 1.4961210 -0.9496134 [2,] -0.9496134 2.8815146 Using plyr, the following gives me what I want in list() form: > dlply(mydata, c("SNP1"), function(df) cov(cbind(df$X1, df$X2))) $aa [,1] [,2] [1,] 1.4961210 -0.9496134 [2,] -0.9496134 2.8815146 $Aa [,1] [,2] [1,] 0.8833190 -0.1640711 [2,] -0.1640711 2.4661046 $AA [,1] [,2] [1,] 0.9942357 -0.9955837 [2,] -0.9955837 4.9383196 attr(,"split_type") [1] "data.frame" attr(,"split_labels") SNP1 1 aa 2 Aa 3 AA But like I said earlier, I would really like this in a 3D array. Any thoughts on where I went wrong with daply() or suggestions? Of course, I could typecast the list from dlply() to a 3D array, but I'd rather not do this because I will be repeating this process many times in a simulation. As a side note, I found one method (http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg86328.html) that provides the sample covariance matrix for each group, but the outputted object is bloated. Thanks in advance.

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segfault on vector<struct>

- by Andre

Hello, I created a struct to hold some data and then declared a vector to hold that struct. But when I do a push_back I get damn segfault and I have no idea why! My struct is defines as: typedef struct Group { int codigo; string name; int deleted; int printers; int subpage; /*included this when it started segfaulting*/ Group(){ name.reserve(MAX_PRODUCT_LONG_NAME); } ~Group(){ name.clear(); } Group(const Group &b) { codigo = b.codigo; name = b.name; deleted = b.deleted; printers = b.printers; subpage = b.subpage; } /*end of new stuff*/ }; Originally, the struct didn't have the copy, constructor or destructor. I added them latter when I read this post below. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/676575/seg-fault-after-is-item-pushed-onto-stl-container but the end result is the same. There is one this that is bothering me as hell! When I first push some data into the vector, everything goes fine. Later on in the code when I try to push some more data into the vector, my app just segfaults! The vector is declared vector<Group> Groups and is a global variable to the file where I am using it. No externs anywhere else, etc... I can trace the error to: _M_deallocate(this->_M_impl._M_start, this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage- this->_M_impl._M_start); in vector.tcc when I finish adding/copying the last element to the vector.... As far as I can tell. I shouldn't be needing anything to do with a copy constructor as a shallow copy should be enough for this. I'm not even allocating any space (but I did a reserve for the string to try out). I have no idea what the problem is! I'm running this code on OpenSuse 10.2 with gcc 4.1.2 I'm not really to eager to upgrade gcc because of backward compatibility issues... This code worked "perfectly" on my windows machine. I compiled it with gcc 3.4.5 mingw without any problems... help! --- ... --- :::EDIT::: I push data Group tmp_grp; (...) tmp_grp.name = "Nova "; tmp_grp.codigo=GetGroupnextcode(); tmp_grp.deleted=0; tmp_grp.printers=0; tmp_grp.subpage=0; Groups.push_back(tmp_grp);

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How do I connect multiple sortable lists to each other in jQuery UI?

- by Abs

I'm new to jQuery, and I'm totally struggling with using jQuery UI's sortable. I'm trying to put together a page to facilitate grouping and ordering of items. My page has a list of groups, and each group contains a list of items. I want to allow users to be able to do the following: 1. Reorder the groups 2. Reorder the items within the groups 3. Move the items between the groups The first two requirements are no problem. I'm able to sort them just fine. The problem comes in with the third requirement. I just can't connect those lists to each other. Some code might help. Here's the markup. <ul id="groupsList" class="groupsList"> <li id="group1" class="group">Group 1 <ul id="groupItems1" class="itemsList"> <li id="item1-1" class="item">Item 1.1</li> <li id="item1-2" class="item">Item 1.2</li> </ul> </li> <li id="group2" class="group">Group 2 <ul id="groupItems2" class="itemsList"> <li id="item2-1" class="item">Item 2.1</li> <li id="item2-2" class="item">Item 2.2</li> </ul> </li> <li id="group3" class="group">Group 3 <ul id="groupItems3" class="itemsList"> <li id="item3-1" class="item">Item 3.1</li> <li id="item3-2" class="item">Item 3.2</li> </ul> </li> </ul> I was able to sort the lists by putting $('#groupsList').sortable({}); and $('.itemsList').sortable({}); in the document ready function. I tried using the connectWith option for sortable to make it work, but I failed spectacularly. What I'd like to do is have the every groupItemsX list connected to every groupItemsX list but itself. How should I do that?

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Format form fields for bootstrap using rails+nokogiri

- by user1116573

I have the following in an initializer in a rails app that uses Twitter bootstrap so that it removes the div.field_with_errors that rails applies when validation fails on a field but also the initializer adds the help/validation text after the erroneous input field: require 'nokogiri' ActionView::Base.field_error_proc = Proc.new do |html_tag, instance| html = %(<div class="field_with_errors">#{html_tag}</div>).html_safe form_fields = [ 'textarea', 'input', 'select' ] elements = Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment.parse(html_tag).css("label, " + form_fields.join(', ')) elements.each do |e| if e.node_name.eql? 'label' html = %(#{e}).html_safe elsif form_fields.include? e.node_name if instance.error_message.kind_of?(Array) html = %(#{e}<span class="help-inline"> #{instance.error_message.join(',')}</span>).html_safe else html = %(#{e}<span class="help-inline"> #{instance.error_message}</span>).html_safe end end end html end This works fine but I also need to apply the .error class to the surrounding div.control-group for each error. My initializer currently gives the following output: <div class="control-group"> <label class="control-label" for="post_message">Message</label> <div class="controls"> <input id="post_message" name="post[message]" required="required" size="30" type="text" value="" /><span class="help-inline"> can't be blank</span> </div> </div> but I need something adding to my initializer so that it adds the .error class to the div.control-group like so: <div class="control-group error"> <label class="control-label" for="post_message">Message</label> <div class="controls"> <input id="post_message" name="post[message]" required="required" size="30" type="text" value="" /><span class="help-inline"> can't be blank</span> </div> </div> The solution will probably need to allow for the fact that each validation error could have more than one label and input that are all within the same div.control-group (eg radio buttons / checkboxes / 2 text fields side by side). I assume it needs some sort of e.at_xpath() to find the div.control-group parent and add the .error class to it but I'm not sure how to do this. Can anyone help? PS This may all be possible using the formtastic or simple_form gems but I'd rather just use my own html if possible. EDIT If I put e['class'] = 'foo' in the if e.node_name.eql? 'label' section then it applies the class to the label so I think I just need to find the parent tag of e and then apply an .error class to it but I can't figure out what the xpath would be to get from label to its div.control-group parent; no combination of dots, slashes or whatever seems to work but xpath isn't my strong point.

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PHP MSSQL : How to display output when query return no row

- by vamps

i have a problem with my PHP-MSSQL query. i have a join table that need to give a result something be like this: Department Group A Group B Total A+B WORKHOUR A OTHOUR A WORKHOUR B OTHOUR B WORKHOUR OTHOUR HR 10 15 25 0 35 15 IT 5 5 5 5 Admin 12 12 12 12 the query will count how many employee as per given date (admin will enter data and once submitted, the query will give the above result). The problem is, the final output is a mess when there's no row to be displayed. the column is shifted to the right. i.e: only Group A in IT only Group B in Admin Department Group A Group B Total A+B WORKHOUR A OTHOUR A WORKHOUR B OTHOUR B WORKHOUR OTHOUR HR 10 15 25 0 35 15 IT 5 5 5 5 Admin 12 12 12 12 my question is, how to prevent this to happen? i've tried everything with While.... if else.. but the result is still the same. how to display output "0" if no rows to return? echo "0"; this is my QUERY: select DD.DPT_ID,DPT.DEPARTMENT_NAME,TU.EMP_GROUP, sum(DD.WORK_HOUR) AS WORK_HOUR, sum(DD.OT_HOUR) AS OT_HOUR FROM DEPARTMENT_DETAIL DD left join DEPARTMENT DPT ON (DD.DEPT_ID=DPT.DEPT_ID) LEFT JOIN TBL_USERS TU ON (TU.EMP_ID=DD.EMP_ID) WHERE DD_DATE>='2012-01-01' AND DD_DATE<='2012-01-31' AND TU.EMP_GROUP!=2 GROUP BY DD.DEPT_ID, DPT.DEPARTMENT_NAME,TU.EMP_GROUP ORDER BY DPT.DEPARTMENT_NAME this is one of the logic that i've used, but doesn't return the result that i want:: while($row = mssql_fetch_array($displayResult)) { if ((!$row["WORK_HOUR"])&&(!$row["OT_HOUR"])) { echo "<td >"; echo "empty"; echo " </td>"; echo "<td >"; echo "empty"; echo " </td>"; } else { echo "<td>"; echo $row["WORK_HOUR"]; echo " </td>"; echo "<td>"; echo $row["OT_HOUR"]; echo " </td>"; } } please help. i've been doing this for 2 days. @__@

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