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Is C++ (one of) the best language to learn at first

- by AlexV

C++ is one of the most used programming language in the world since like 25+ years. My first job as programmer was in C++ and I coded in C++ everyday for nearly 4 years. Now I do mostly PHP, but I will forever cherish this C++ background. C++ has helped me understand many "under the hood" features/behaviors/restrictions of many other (and different) programming languages like PHP and Delphi. I'm a full time programmer for 6+ years now and since I have a quite varied programming background I often get questions by "newbies" as where to start to become a "good" programmer. I think C++ is one of the best language to start with because it gives you a real usefull experience that will last and will teach you how things work under the hood. It's not the easier one to learn for a newbie, but in my opinion it's one that will reward in the long term. I would like to know your opinion on this matter to add to my arguments when I guide "newbies". After this introduction, here's my question : Is C++ (one of) the best language to learn at first for you. Since it's subjective, I've marked this question as community wiki. EDIT: This question is not about why Java (or C# or any other language) is better than C++ to start with, it's about what's make C++ a good choice or not a good choice to learn as one of your firsts languages. For example, for me C++ made me understand how the memory works. Now today in many languages everything is managed by the garbadge collector and some people don't even know that. I'm glad I know how it works underneath and I think it can help you to write better code.

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Managing libraries and imports in a programming language

- by sub

I've created an interpreter for a stupid programming language in C++ and the whole core structure is finished (Tokenizer, Parser, Interpreter including Symbol tables, core functions, etc.). Now I have a problem with creating and managing the function libraries for this interpreter (I'll explain what I mean with that later) So currently my core function handler is horrible: // Simplified version myLangResult SystemFunction( name, argc, argv ) { if ( name == "print" ) { if( argc < 1 ) { Error('blah'); } cout << argv[ 0 ]; } else if ( name == "input" ) { if( argc < 1 ) { Error('blah'); } string res; getline( cin, res ); SetVariable( argv[ 0 ], res ); } else if ( name == "exit ) { exit( 0 ); } And now think of each else if being 10 times more complicated and there being 25 more system functions. Unmaintainable, feels horrible, is horrible. So I thought: How to create some sort of libraries that contain all the functions and if they are imported initialize themselves and add their functions to the symbol table of the running interpreter. However this is the point where I don't really know how to go on. What I wanted to achieve is that there is e.g.: an (extern?) string library for my language, e.g.: string, and it is imported from within a program in that language, example: import string myString = "abcde" print string.at( myString, 2 ) # output: c My problems: How to separate the function libs from the core interpreter and load them? How to get all their functions into a list and add it to the symbol table when needed? What I was thinking to do: At the start of the interpreter, as all libraries are compiled with it, every single function calls something like RegisterFunction( string namespace, myLangResult (*functionPtr) ); which adds itself to a list. When import X is then called from within the language, the list built with RegisterFunction is then added to the symbol table. Disadvantages that spring to mind: All libraries are directly in the interpreter core, size grows and it will definitely slow it down.

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Right Language for the Job

- by Manoj

Using the right language for the job is the key - this is the comment I read in SO and I also belive thats the right thing to do. Because of this we ended up using different languages for different parts of the project - like perl, VBA(Excel Macros), C# etc. We have three to four languages currently in use inside the project. Using the right language for the job has made it immensly more easy to do automate a job, but of late people are complaining that any new person who has to take over the project will have to learn so many different languages to get started. Also it is difficult to find such kind of person. Please note that this is a one to two person working on the project maximum at a given point of time. I would like to know if the method we are following is right or should we converge to single language and try to use it across all the job even though another language might be better suited for it. Your experenece related to this would also help. Languages used and their purpose: Perl - Processing large text file(log files) C# with Silverlight for web based reporting. LabVIEW for automation Excel macros for processing data in excel sheets, generating graphs and exporting to powerpoint.

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Build system for multi-language project

- by Epcylon

I am getting ready to embark on a project mainly for experimenting with languages, but also with a hint of usefulness. It will consist of a server-application, written in Erlang, and client-libraries in a number of languages. Initially I will want to write clients in Java, Ruby and Python. The actual protocol for communication will be Thrift. I'm looking for a build system that will allow me to build the server and all the client libraries in one go, running unit-tests in each language, then packaging up a releasable artifact of some sort in whatever way is the "standard" for each language. That means a Jar for Java, a RubyGem and a distribute/setuptools tarball for Python. Erlang probably has something too, but I'm not yet familiar with that. It should also be able to run the Thrift compiler to generate the various Thrift-stubs in each language. On the pad at the start is Maven. I'm fairly certain Maven can do all I need, but I fear it's too Java-centric, and leaves me with a ton of work for every new language I need to add.

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Round Table - Minimum Cost Algorithm

- by 7Aces

Problem Link - http://www.iarcs.org.in/zco2013/index.php/problems/ROUNDTABLE It's dinner time in Castle Camelot, and the fearsome Knights of the Round Table are clamouring for dessert. You, the chef, are in a soup. There are N knights, including King Arthur, each with a different preference for dessert, but you cannot afford to make desserts for all of them. You are given the cost of manufacturing each Knight's preferred dessert-since it is a round table, the list starts with the cost of King Arthur's dessert, and goes counter-clockwise. You decide to pick the cheapest desserts to make, such that for every pair of adjacent Knights, at least one gets his dessert. This will ensure that the Knights do not protest. What is the minimum cost of tonight's dinner, given this condition? I used the Dynamic Programming approach, considering the smallest of i-1 & i-2, & came up with the following code - #include<cstdio> #include<algorithm> using namespace std; int main() { int n,i,j,c,f; scanf("%d",&n); int k[n],m[n][2]; for(i=0;i<n;++i) scanf("%d",&k[i]); m[0][0]=k[0]; m[0][1]=0; m[1][0]=k[1]; m[1][1]=1; for(i=2;i<n;++i) { c=1000; for(j=i-2;j<i;++j) { if(m[j][0]<c) { c=m[j][0]; f=m[j][1];} } m[i][0]=c+k[i]; m[i][1]=f; } if(m[n-2][0]<m[n-1][0] && m[n-2][1]==0) printf("%d\n",m[n-2][0]); else printf("%d\n",m[n-1][0]); } I used the second dimension of the m array to store from which knight the given sequence started (1st or 2nd). I had to do this because of the case when m[n-2]<m[n-1] but the sequence started from knight 2, since that would create two adjacent knights without dessert. The problem arises because of the table's round shape. Now an anomaly arises when I consider the case - 2 1 1 2 1 2. The program gives an answer 5 when the answer should be 4, by picking the 1st, 3rd & 5th knight. At this point, I started to doubt my initial algorithm (approach) itself! Where did I go wrong?

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design a model for a system of dependent variables

- by dbaseman

I'm dealing with a modeling system (financial) that has dozens of variables. Some of the variables are independent, and function as inputs to the system; most of them are calculated from other variables (independent and calculated) in the system. What I'm looking for is a clean, elegant way to: define the function of each dependent variable in the system trigger a re-calculation, whenever a variable changes, of the variables that depend on it A naive way to do this would be to write a single class that implements INotifyPropertyChanged, and uses a massive case statement that lists out all the variable names x1, x2, ... xn on which others depend, and, whenever a variable xi changes, triggers a recalculation of each of that variable's dependencies. I feel that this naive approach is flawed, and that there must be a cleaner way. I started down the path of defining a CalculationManager<TModel> class, which would be used (in a simple example) something like as follows: public class Model : INotifyPropertyChanged { private CalculationManager<Model> _calculationManager = new CalculationManager<Model>(); // each setter triggers a "PropertyChanged" event public double? Height { get; set; } public double? Weight { get; set; } public double? BMI { get; set; } public Model() { _calculationManager.DefineDependency<double?>( forProperty: model => model.BMI, usingCalculation: (height, weight) => weight / Math.Pow(height, 2), withInputs: model => model.Height, model.Weight); } // INotifyPropertyChanged implementation here } I won't reproduce CalculationManager<TModel> here, but the basic idea is that it sets up a dependency map, listens for PropertyChanged events, and updates dependent properties as needed. I still feel that I'm missing something major here, and that this isn't the right approach: the (mis)use of INotifyPropertyChanged seems to me like a code smell the withInputs parameter is defined as params Expression<Func<TModel, T>>[] args, which means that the argument list of usingCalculation is not checked at compile time the argument list (weight, height) is redundantly defined in both usingCalculation and withInputs I am sure that this kind of system of dependent variables must be common in computational mathematics, physics, finance, and other fields. Does someone know of an established set of ideas that deal with what I'm grasping at here? Would this be a suitable application for a functional language like F#? Edit More context: The model currently exists in an Excel spreadsheet, and is being migrated to a C# application. It is run on-demand, and the variables can be modified by the user from the application's UI. Its purpose is to retrieve variables that the business is interested in, given current inputs from the markets, and model parameters set by the business.

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Assessing Relative Maintainability

- by João Bragança

We (a contractor, actually) are implementing an off the shelf system to replace a legacy homegrown system for the core domain of the company (designing widgets). Unfortunately both systems will have to run concurrently for some time, as the product just isn't ready yet. Also, the decision was made to only migrate some of the widgets from the legacy system, based on date of last sale activity. Later on a new requirement came down: certain people in the company, most of them outside of the widget development context, want to search all widgets. The search results screen has 3 pieces of data: a GUID, a human readable id that is searchable, and a brief description (may need to be searchable in the future). In the widget details, there will be multiple screens. These screens align very well along SOA / bounded context lines - a screen for marketing data, a screen for sales history, etc. UML ahead! I am probably using the wrong kind of arrows here so please forgive me. The current solution - which is not in production yet - is something like the following: Both systems will be queried and the controller will merge the results. The new system has its own proprietary query language (we've alleviated this a bit with a LINQ provider). It also puts a lot of data on the wire. 15 search results typically run about 60k of unintelligible SOAP-wrapped xml. So I would prefer to avoid querying this system directly. These two systems publish events to help us integrate with other systems, mainly an ERP system. One of these events contains all the data necessary for the search screen. I proposed the following alternative: However I am being told that 'adding another database' will create more maintenance down the road. However, I believe this to be false, as I had to add a relatively simple feature that took several hours longer than anticipated because of this merging code. I want to get a feel for which system is more maintainable in the long run. I personally have not had the burden of maintaining any large system. I want something more than my gut. Specifically I'd like to know if having more, specialized physical databases is more or less maintainable than having less larger physical databases.

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Is return-type-(only)-polymorphism in Haskell a good thing?

- by dainichi

One thing that I've never quite come to terms with in Haskell is how you can have polymorphic constants and functions whose return type cannot be determined by their input type, like class Foo a where foo::Int -> a Some of the reasons that I do not like this: Referential transparency: "In Haskell, given the same input, a function will always return the same output", but is that really true? read "3" return 3 when used in an Int context, but throws an error when used in a, say, (Int,Int) context. Yes, you can argue that read is also taking a type parameter, but the implicitness of the type parameter makes it lose some of its beauty in my opinion. Monomorphism restriction: One of the most annoying things about Haskell. Correct me if I'm wrong, but the whole reason for the MR is that computation that looks shared might not be because the type parameter is implicit. Type defaulting: Again one of the most annoying things about Haskell. Happens e.g. if you pass the result of functions polymorphic in their output to functions polymorphic in their input. Again, correct me if I'm wrong, but this would not be necessary without functions whose return type cannot be determined by their input type (and polymorphic constants). So my question is (running the risk of being stamped as a "discussion quesion"): Would it be possible to create a Haskell-like language where the type checker disallows these kinds of definitions? If so, what would be the benefits/disadvantages of that restriction? I can see some immediate problems: If, say, 2 only had the type Integer, 2/3 wouldn't type check anymore with the current definition of /. But in this case, I think type classes with functional dependencies could come to the rescue (yes, I know that this is an extension). Furthermore, I think it is a lot more intuitive to have functions that can take different input types, than to have functions that are restricted in their input types, but we just pass polymorphic values to them. The typing of values like [] and Nothing seems to me like a tougher nut to crack. I haven't thought of a good way to handle them. I doubt I am the first person to have had thoughts like these. Does anybody have links to good discussions about this Haskell design decision and the pros/cons of it?

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Do functional generics exist and what is the correct name for them if they do?

- by voroninp

Consider the following generic class: public class EntityChangeInfo<EntityType,TEntityKey> { ChangeTypeEnum ChangeType {get;} TEntityKeyType EntityKey {get;} } Here EntityType unambiguously defines TEntityKeyType. So it would be nice to have some kind of types' map: public class EntityChangeInfo<EntityType,TEntityKey> with map < [ EntityType : Person -> TEntityKeyType : int] [ EntityType : Car -> TEntityKeyType : CarIdType ]> { ChangeTypeEnum ChangeType {get;} TEntityKeyType EntityKey {get;} } Another one example is: public class Foo<TIn> with map < [TIn : Person -> TOut1 : string, TOut2 : int, ..., TOutN : double ] [TIn : Car -> TOut1 : int, TOut2 :int, ..., TOutN : Price ] > { TOut1 Prop1 {get;set;} TOut2 Prop2 {get;set;} ... TOutN PropN {get;set;} } The reasonable question: how can this be interpreted by the compiler? Well, for me it is just the shortcut for two structurally similar classes: public sealed class Foo<Person> { string Prop1 {get;set;} int Prop2 {get;set;} ... double PropN {get;set;} } public sealed class Foo<Car> { int Prop1 {get;set;} int Prop2 {get;set;} ... Price PropN {get;set;} } But besides this we could imaging some update of the Foo<>: public class Foo<TIn> with map < [TIn : Person -> TOut1 : string, TOut2 : int, ..., TOutN : double ] [TIn : Car -> TOut1 : int, TOut2 :int, ..., TOutN : Price ] > { TOut1 Prop1 {get;set;} TOut2 Prop2 {get;set;} ... TOutN PropN {get;set;} public override string ToString() { return string.Format("prop1={0}, prop2={1},...propN={N-1}, Prop1, Prop2,...,PropN); } } This all can seem quite superficial but the idea came when I was designing the messages for our system. The very first class. Many messages with the same structure should be discriminated by the EntityType. So the question is whether such construct exists in any programming language?

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Do functional generics exist or what is the correct name for them if they do?

- by voroninp

Consider the following generic class public class EntityChangeInfo<EntityType,TEntityKey> { ChangeTypeEnum ChangeType {get;} TEntityKeyType EntityKey {get;} } Here EntityType unambiguously defines TEntityKeyType. So it would be nice to have some kind of types' map public class EntityChangeInfo<EntityType,TEntityKey> with map < [ EntityType : Person -> TEntityKeyType : int] [ EntityType : Car -> TEntityKeyType : CarIdType ]> { ChangeTypeEnum ChangeType {get;} TEntityKeyType EntityKey {get;} } Another one example is: public class Foo<TIn> with map < [TIn : Person -> TOut1 : string, TOut2 : int, ..., TOutN : double ] [TIn : Car -> TOut1 : int, TOut2 :int, ..., TOutN : Price ] > { TOut1 Prop1 {get;set;} TOut2 Prop2 {get;set;} ... TOutN PropN {get;set;} } The reasonable question how this can be interpreted by the compiler? Well, for me it is just the sortcut for two structurally similar classes: public sealed class Foo<Person> { string Prop1 {get;set;} int Prop2 {get;set;} ... double PropN {get;set;} } public sealed class Foo<Car> { int Prop1 {get;set;} int Prop2 {get;set;} ... Price PropN {get;set;} } But besides this we could imaging some update of the Foo<: public class Foo<TIn> with map < [TIn : Person -> TOut1 : string, TOut2 : int, ..., TOutN : double ] [TIn : Car -> TOut1 : int, TOut2 :int, ..., TOutN : Price ] > { TOut1 Prop1 {get;set;} TOut2 Prop2 {get;set;} ... TOutN PropN {get;set;} public override string ToString() { return string.Format("prop1={0}, prop2={1},...propN={N-1}, Prop1, Prop2,...,PropN); } } This all can seem quite superficial but the idea came when I was designing the messages for our system. The very first class. Many messages with the same structrue should be discriminated by the EntityType. So the question is whether such construct exist in any programming language?

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Windows 7 update failed (language pack update)

- by yihang

I am using Windows 7 Ultimate and tried to install the language pack for chinese simplified from Windows Update and failed for many times. The error code was 8007065B: Windows Update encountered an unknown error. What does the code means? I have tried to google it but cannot find anything. What should I do to solve this problem.

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MS Office 2013 and Asian languages

- by atamur

I've got a Win7 computer with Office 2013 installed. System language is German. When switching input language to Thai I can type in the system dialog boxes (like start buttno app finder), but can't type in MS Word (pressing the keys on the keyboard does nothing on the screen, the cursor doesn't move). The weirdest thing here is: if I use numeric keypad and type any number after that the keyboard starts working in Word for a few characters. Japanese and Nepal input languages work fine. Does anyone know any way to troubleshoot? Thank you!

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Is fish or zsh better for shell programming?

- by Julien Nicoulaud

I'm a bash user willing to switch to a more friendly and advanced shell. I read a lot of good things about zsh, but I gave a quick test at fish and it seems great too. Both seem very close in term of features, what is your opinion about those two shells especially as regards shell programming?

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A scripting language for legacy hardware

- by codeholic

I want to pick up a scripting language for real legacy hardware. It must be compilable for 16-bit. What may suffice?

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Can I use the Office 2007 Proofing Tools with Office 2010 RTM?

- by Martin Wiboe

Hi, I have just downloaded and installed Office 2010 RTM. Overall, it is very nice, but I miss having proofing tools available for my native language, Danish. I have installed the 2007 Proofing Tools, but they do not work with 2010: For this release we have made significant changes in the proofing infrastructure, therefore the Language Packs from previous Office versions including Office 2007 are not compatible with Office 2010. (http://blogs.msdn.com/naturallanguage/archive/2009/07/16/proofing-tools-in-office-2010.aspx) Does anyone know a workaround until the 2010 Proofing Tools are released? Thank you, Martin

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Programming on iPad

- by Stan

Is it possible to install Xcode or any Apple IDE on iPad and programming on iPad? Thanks.

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How can I switch my display language to English in Windows 7?

- by Alon

Hi, I live in Israel and I bought Windows 7 Professional in Hebrew. I'd like to switch the language to English. In Control Panel - Region and Language I don't have any options to switch the display language to English because only Hebrew is installed. In Windows Update, there are no language updates. I have waited three days, and still no language update. Any Ideas? Thank you.

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What is the Everyone built-in windows security group called in Portuguese?

- by JohnLBevan

I'm attempting to setup share permissions on a Brazilian server and wish to give Everyone read only access. However, the server's language is Brazilian (Portuguese), and it looks like the security groups' names have been translated. Does anyone know what this group is called in Portuguese? Is there an easy way to access this group which is not language sensitive (e.g. some constant value, such as the SID (S-1-1-0) which can always be used, regardless of locale settings)? http://support.microsoft.com/kb/243330. NB: I tried using this SID, but on its own it did not work - though perhaps I need to format it in some way?

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Language for google search field in firefox toolbar is wrong

- by Andrew

I've got a fresh install of Ubuntu 9.10 (64 bit) and for some reason the Google search field in the Firefox toolbar always searches google.jp. Given that I'm in Australia and struggle to read Japanese this is somewhat less than useful to me. Does anyone know how I can change the language/Google site that search field uses?

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Change the language of fields in Microsoft Word

- by Martin Wiboe

Hi, I am using Word 2010 and some built-in features with fields, such as bibliography. My Word installation is English and I am writing a report in US English. However, my computer has its locale set to Denmark. This affects the formatting of dates and some of the text in the auto-generated fields (e.g. in bibliography it says "citeret:" instead of "cited:"). How can I change the language of the fields to US English? Thanks, Martin

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Canadian English on Apple products

- by thepurplepixel

Apple is an American company. As many of you probably know, Canadian English is different from American English, and closer to British English (e.g. colour instead of color). I use iWork and Microsoft Office for Mac (along with many other applications on OS X), and OS X, nor my iPhone, have an option to switch to Canadian English. Yes, you can select Canadian English as an input language in the language bar, but any program that uses the central OS X spell checking (from Mail to Office to iWork to Chrome) will check words against an American English dictionary. I know asking a question that involves an iPhone component is borderline off-topic, but I know on my iPhone I can select British English, but that turns my $ into £ and has a few other weird spelling quirks. Simple question: Is it possible to make OS X (and maybe the iPhone) use a Canadian English dictionary for its spell checking? Because British English just doesn't cut it anymore. Thanks!

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VIM UI language issue

- by AlexParamonov

I am using VIM for a while, but never faces such a problem. When i connect to my desktop Ubuntu PC via ssh from a tablet (Asus tf Prime) using terminal emulator (screen-256-colors) I got my vim in Chinese... On desktop it is correctly working in English. I've tried to set set langmenu=en_US.UTF-8 language en_US.UTF-8 but it do not help... See screenshot You may find my configuration on github

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Hosting programming blog

- by Sergej Andrejev

I want to host programming blog. I don't want to self-host it but instead I'm looking for a best man whom I can delegate it to. There are three requirements however: 1. Code highlighting feature 2. Image hosting 3. I should be able to change host name to my own

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Internet Explorer - selected language is changing to English when opening a new window

- by Amit

When opening a new window in IE8 or IE9 (doesn't matter if using a link or window.open), my selected keyboard language is changing to English (doesn't matter what was the previous selection, tried it with a few different languages). This doesn't happen for me in Chrome or Firefox (all the browsers are installed in their English version), and I tested it in Windows 7 and Windows 2008R2. Is there any way to avoid that? If there isn't - supposing the new window is within my website or application, is there a way to change it back?

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Windows 7 Home Premium - Unable to View Chinese Characters Properly

- by David

Is there a proper and permanent fix that will restore the display of Chinese Characters on a Windows 7 Home Premium Laptop computer? This problem has been occurring frequently now and a simple reboot no longer does the trick. The square boxes viewed on many applications and websites has been constantly bothering me and I wish to fix it asap. I have done a lot of research on it but have not been successful. Many responses were to install the language packs for Windows 7 Ultimate Users which apparently is not my case or to configure the "Region and Language" settings of the Control Panel, changing the system locale. Does anyone have any suggestions? All would be appreciated!

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