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  • Variable declarations in header files - static or not?

    - by Rob
    When refactoring away some #defines I came across declarations similar to the following in a C++ header file: static const unsigned int VAL = 42; const unsigned int ANOTHER_VAL = 37; The question is, what difference, if any, will the static make? Note that multiple inclusion of the headers isn't possible due to the classic #ifndef HEADER #define HEADER #endif trick (if that matters). Does the static mean only one copy of VAL is created, in case the header is included by more than one source file?

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  • Get Token's Name with Reflection API.

    - by Mark Tomlin
    I want to find the token's name passed by augment into a function. class Norm { const STR_NORM = 0; const INT_NORM = 0; } function foo($Arg1, $Arg2 = NULL) { getConstName($Arg1); # Should Return STR_NORM; return $Arg1, $Arg2; } echo foo(Norm::STR_NORM); Is there any way to implement getConstName via the PHP Reflection API?

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  • Bad_alloc exception when using new for a struct c++

    - by bsg
    Hi, I am writing a query processor which allocates large amounts of memory and tries to find matching documents. Whenever I find a match, I create a structure to hold two variables describing the document and add it to a priority queue. Since there is no way of knowing how many times I will do this, I tried creating my structs dynamically using new. When I pop a struct off the priority queue, the queue (STL priority queue implementation) is supposed to call the object's destructor. My struct code has no destructor, so I assume a default destructor is called in that case. However, the very first time that I try to create a DOC struct, I get the following error: Unhandled exception at 0x7c812afb in QueryProcessor.exe: Microsoft C++ exception: std::bad_alloc at memory location 0x0012f5dc.. I don't understand what's happening - have I used up so much memory that the heap is full? It doesn't seem likely. And it's not as if I've even used that pointer before. So: first of all, what am I doing that's causing the error, and secondly, will the following code work more than once? Do I need to have a separate pointer for each struct created, or can I re-use the same temporary pointer and assume that the queue will keep a pointer to each struct? Here is my code: struct DOC{ int docid; double rank; public: DOC() { docid = 0; rank = 0.0; } DOC(int num, double ranking) { docid = num; rank = ranking; } bool operator>( const DOC & d ) const { return rank > d.rank; } bool operator<( const DOC & d ) const { return rank < d.rank; } }; //a lot of processing goes on here; when a matching document is found, I do this: rank = calculateRanking(table, num); //if the heap is not full, create a DOC struct with the docid and rank and add it to the heap if(q.size() < 20) { doc = new DOC(num, rank); q.push(*doc); doc = NULL; } //if the heap is full, but the new rank is greater than the //smallest element in the min heap, remove the current smallest element //and add the new one to the heap else if(rank > q.top().rank) { q.pop(); cout << "pushing doc on to queue" << endl; doc = new DOC(num, rank); q.push(*doc); } Thank you very much, bsg.

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  • PHP: Extending static member arrays

    - by tstenner
    I'm having the following scenario: class A { public static $arr=array(1,2); } class B extends A { public static $arr=array(3,4); } Is there any way to combine these 2 arrays so B::$arr is 1,2,3,4? I don't need to alter these arrays, but I can't declare them als const, as PHP doesn't allow const arrays.http://stackoverflow.com/questions/ask The PHP manual states, that I can only assign strings and constants, so parent::$arr + array(1,2) won't work, but I think it should be possible to do this.

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  • sendmessage mouseevent not working

    - by kevin
    I have this code: Private Const MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN = &H2 Private Const MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP = &H4 Dim WindowHandle As Long = FindWindow(vbNullString, "Ultima Online") SendMessage(WindowHandle, MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN, 0, 0) SendMessage(WindowHandle, MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP, 0, 0) I know it is getting the windowhandle fine, because I made a conditional statment that pops up a messagebox if windowhandle = 0 The problem is that it is not sending the mouse click to the window.

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  • Struct Array Initialization and String Literals

    - by Christian Ammer
    Is following array initialization correct? I guess it is, but i'm not really sure if i can use const char* or if i better should use std::string. Beside the first question, do the char pointers point to memory segments of same sizes? struct qinfo { const char* name; int nr; }; qinfo queues[] = { {"QALARM", 1}, {"QTESTLONGNAME", 2}, {"QTEST2", 3}, {"QIEC", 4} };

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  • Calculating volume for sphere in c++

    - by Crystal
    This is probably an easy one, but is the right way to calculate volume for a sphere in c++. My getArea() seems to be right, but when I call getVolume() it doesn't output the right amount. With a sphere of radius = 1, it gives me the answer of pi, which is incorrect: double Sphere::getArea() const { return 4 * Shape::pi * pow(getZ(), 2); } double Sphere::getVolume() const { return (4 / 3) * Shape::pi * pow(getZ(), 3); }

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  • Not naming a type - C++

    - by ML
    I am trying to convert an Adobe CS4 based plugin to CS5. This project has never been mine, this is the first time that i am seeing it. When I compile the source with what i was given, I get errors like: Does not name a type Example: SPAPI SPErr SPBasicAcquireSuite( const char *name, int64 version, const void **suite ); I get that: SPErr does not name a type I dont see any classes with SPErr being defined, but I doubt that Adobe has left this out of the SDK. I am using the PS_CS5_SDK_3 SDK

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  • How do I declare an array as a constant in Objective-c?

    - by Andrew
    The following code is giving me errors: // constants.h extern NSArray const *testArray; // constants.m NSArray const *testArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: @"foo", @"bar"]; The error I get is initializer element is not constant Or if I take away the pointer indicator (*) I get: statically allocated instance of Objective-C class 'NSArray'

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  • Problem with OOP Class Definitions

    - by oben
    Hi, this is Oben from Turkey. I work for my homework in C++ and i have some problems with multiply definitions. My graph class ; class Graph{ private: string name; //Graph name fstream* graphFile; //Graph's file protected: string opBuf; //Operations buffer int containsNode(string); //Query if a node is present Node* nodes; //Nodes in the graph int nofNodes; //Number of nodes in the graph public: static int nOfGraphs; //Number of graphs produced Graph(); //Constructors and destructor Graph(int); Graph(string); Graph(const Graph &); ~Graph(); string getGraphName(); //Get graph name bool addNode(string); //add a node to the graph bool deleteNode(string); //delete a node from the graph bool addEdge(string,string); //add an edge to the graph bool deleteEdge(string,string); //delete an edge from the graph void intersect(const Graph&); //intersect the graph with the <par> void unite(const Graph&); //intersect the graph with the <par> string toString(); //get string representation of the graph void acceptTraverse(BreadthFirst*); void acceptTraverse(DepthFirst *); }; and my traversal class; class Traversal { public: string *visitedNodes; virtual string traverse (const Graph & ); }; class BreadthFirst : public Traversal { public : BreadthFirst(); string traverse(); }; class DepthFirst : public Traversal { public : DepthFirst(); string traverse(); }; My problem is in traversal class , i need to declare Graph class at the same time , in graph class i need traversal class to declare. I have big problems with declerations :) Could you please help me ?

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  • Need help with copy constructor for very basic implementation of singly linked lists

    - by Jesus
    Last week, we created a program that manages sets of strings, using classes and vectors. I was able to complete this 100%. This week, we have to replace the vector we used to store strings in our class with simple singly linked lists. The function basically allows users to declare sets of strings that are empty, and sets with only one element. In the main file, there is a vector whose elements are a struct that contain setName and strSet (class). HERE IS MY PROBLEM: It deals with the copy constructor of the class. When I remove/comment out the copy constructor, I can declare as many empty or single sets as I want, and output their values without a problem. But I know I will obviously need the copy constructor for when I implement the rest of the program. When I leave the copy constructor in, I can declare one set, either single or empty, and output its value. But if I declare a 2nd set, and i try to output either of the first two sets, i get a Segmentation Fault. Moreover, if i try to declare more then 2 sets, I get a Segmentation Fault. Any help would be appreciated!! Here is my code for a very basic implementation of everything: Here is the setcalc.cpp: (main file) #include <iostream> #include <cctype> #include <cstring> #include <string> #include "help.h" #include "strset2.h" using namespace std; // Declares of structure to hold all the sets defined struct setsOfStr { string nameOfSet; strSet stringSet; }; // Checks if the set name inputted is unique bool isSetNameUnique( vector<setsOfStr> strSetArr, string setName) { for(unsigned int i = 0; i < strSetArr.size(); i++) { if( strSetArr[i].nameOfSet == setName ) { return false; } } return true; } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { char commandChoice; // Declares a vector with our declared structure as the type vector<setsOfStr> strSetVec; string setName; string singleEle; // Sets a loop that will constantly ask for a command until 'q' is typed while (1) { // declaring a set to be empty if(commandChoice == 'd') { cin >> setName; // Check that the set name inputted is unique if (isSetNameUnique(strSetVec, setName) == true) { strSet emptyStrSet; setsOfStr set1; set1.nameOfSet = setName; set1.stringSet = emptyStrSet; strSetVec.push_back(set1); } else { cerr << "ERROR: Re-declaration of set '" << setName << "'\n"; } } // declaring a set to be a singleton else if(commandChoice == 's') { cin >> setName; cin >> singleEle; // Check that the set name inputted is unique if (isSetNameUnique(strSetVec, setName) == true) { strSet singleStrSet(singleEle); setsOfStr set2; set2.nameOfSet = setName; set2.stringSet = singleStrSet; strSetVec.push_back(set2); } else { cerr << "ERROR: Re-declaration of set '" << setName << "'\n"; } } // using the output function else if(commandChoice == 'o') { cin >> setName; if(isSetNameUnique(strSetVec, setName) == false) { // loop through until the set name is matched and call output on its strSet for(unsigned int k = 0; k < strSetVec.size(); k++) { if( strSetVec[k].nameOfSet == setName ) { (strSetVec[k].stringSet).output(); } } } else { cerr << "ERROR: No such set '" << setName << "'\n"; } } // quitting else if(commandChoice == 'q') { break; } else { cerr << "ERROR: Ignoring bad command: '" << commandChoice << "'\n"; } } return 0; } Here is the strSet2.h: #ifndef _STRSET_ #define _STRSET_ #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <string> struct node { std::string s1; node * next; }; class strSet { private: node * first; public: strSet (); // Create empty set strSet (std::string s); // Create singleton set strSet (const strSet &copy); // Copy constructor // will implement destructor later void output() const; strSet& operator = (const strSet& rtSide); // Assignment }; // End of strSet class #endif // _STRSET_ And here is the strSet2.cpp (implementation of class) #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <string> #include "strset2.h" using namespace std; strSet::strSet() { first = NULL; } strSet::strSet(string s) { node *temp; temp = new node; temp->s1 = s; temp->next = NULL; first = temp; } strSet::strSet(const strSet& copy) { cout << "copy-cst\n"; node *n = copy.first; node *prev = NULL; while (n) { node *newNode = new node; newNode->s1 = n->s1; newNode->next = NULL; if (prev) { prev->next = newNode; } else { first = newNode; } prev = newNode; n = n->next; } } void strSet::output() const { if(first == NULL) { cout << "Empty set\n"; } else { node *temp; temp = first; while(1) { cout << temp->s1 << endl; if(temp->next == NULL) break; temp = temp->next; } } } strSet& strSet::operator = (const strSet& rtSide) { first = rtSide.first; return *this; }

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  • Function overloading in C

    - by Andrei Ciobanu
    Today, looking at the man page for open(), I've noticed this function is 'overloaded': int open(const char *pathname, int flags); int open(const char *pathname, int flags, mode_t mode); I didn't thought it's possible on C. What's the 'trick' for achieving this ?

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  • compilation error in vc++ vs2005

    - by vijay.j
    I am getting an error while compiling in vc++ vs2005. error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__MessageBoxA@16 referenced in function "void __cdecl MsgBox(char const *,char const *,...)" (?MsgBox@@YAXPBD0ZZ)

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  • C++ Beginner - 'friend' functions and << operator overloading: What is the proper way to overload an

    - by Francisco P.
    Hello, everyone! In a project I'm working on, I have a Score class, defined below in score.h. I am trying to overload it so, when a << operation is performed on it, _points + " " + _name is returned. Here's what I tried to do: ostream & Score::operator<< (ostream & os, Score right) { os << right.getPoints() << " " << right.scoreGetName(); return os; } Here are the errors returned: 1>c:\users\francisco\documents\feup\1a2s\prog\projecto3\projecto3\score.h(30) : error C2804: binary 'operator <<' has too many parameters (This error appears 4 times, actually) I managed to get it working by declaring the overload as a friend function: friend ostream & operator<< (ostream & os, Score right); And removing the Score:: from the function declaration in score.cpp (effectively not declaring it as a member). Why does this work, yet the code describe above doesn't? Thanks for your time! Below is the full score.h /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Score.h // Implementation of the Class Score // Created on: 10-Mai-2010 11:43:56 // Original author: Francisco /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// #ifndef SCORE_H_ #define SCORE_H_ #include <string> #include <iostream> #include <iostream> using std::string; using std::ostream; class Score { public: Score(string name); Score(); virtual ~Score(); void addPoints(int n); string scoreGetName() const; int getPoints() const; void scoreSetName(string name); bool operator>(const Score right) const; ostream & operator<< (ostream & os, Score right); private: string _name; int _points; }; #endif

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  • async_write/async_read problems while trying to implement question-answer logic

    - by Max
    Good day. I'm trying to implement a question - answer logic using boost::asio. On the Client I have: void Send_Message() { .... boost::asio::async_write(server_socket, boost::asio::buffer(&Message, sizeof(Message)), boost::bind(&Client::Handle_Write_Message, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); .... } void Handle_Write_Message(const boost::system::error_code& error) { .... std::cout << "Message was sent.\n"; .... boost::asio::async_read(server_socket_,boost::asio::buffer(&Message, sizeof(Message)), boost::bind(&Client::Handle_Read_Message, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); .... } void Handle_Read_Message(const boost::system::error_code& error) { .... std::cout << "I have a new message.\n"; .... } And on the Server i have the "same - logic" code: void Read_Message() { .... boost::asio::async_read(client_socket, boost::asio::buffer(&Message, sizeof(Message)), boost::bind(&Server::Handle_Read_Message, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); .... } void Handle_Read_Message(const boost::system::error_code& error) { .... std::cout << "I have a new message.\n"; .... boost::asio::async_write(client_socket_,boost::asio::buffer(&Message, sizeof(Message)), boost::bind(&Server::Handle_Write_Message, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); .... } void Handle_Write_Message(const boost::system::error_code& error) { .... std::cout << "Message was sent back.\n"; .... } Message it's just a structure. And the output on the Client is: Message was sent. Output on the Server is: I have a new message. And that's all. After this both programs are still working but nothing happens. I tried to implement code like: if (!error) { .... } else { // close sockets and etc. } But there are no errors in reading or writing. Both programs are just running normally, but doesn't interact with each other. This code is quite obvious but i can't understand why it's not working. Thanks in advance for any advice.

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  • stxxl Assertion `it != root_node_.end()' failed

    - by Fabrizio Silvestri
    I am receiving this assertion failed error when trying to insert an element in a stxxl map. The entire assertion error is the following: resCache: /usr/include/stxxl/bits/containers/btree/btree.h:470: std::pair , bool stxxl::btree::btree::insert(const value_type&) [with KeyType = e_my_key, DataType = unsigned int, CompareType = comp_type, unsigned int RawNodeSize = 16384u, unsigned int RawLeafSize = 131072u, PDAllocStrategy = stxxl::SR, stxxl::btree::btree::value_type = std::pair]: Assertion `it != root_node_.end()' failed. Aborted Any idea? Edit: Here's the code fragment void request_handler::handle_request(my_key& query, reply& rep) { c_++; strip(query.content); std::cout << "Received query " << query.content << " by thread " << boost::this_thread::get_id() << ". It is number " << c_ << "\n"; strcpy(element.first.content, query.content); element.second = c_; testcache_.insert(element); STXXL_MSG("Records in map: " << testcache_.size()); } Edit2 here's more details (I omit constants, e.g. MAX_QUERY_LEN) struct comp_type : std::binary_function<my_key, my_key, bool> { bool operator () (const my_key & a, const my_key & b) const { return strncmp(a.content, b.content, MAX_QUERY_LEN) < 0; } static my_key max_value() { return max_key; } static my_key min_value() { return min_key; } }; typedef stxxl::map<my_key, my_data, comp_type> cacheType; cacheType testcache_; request_handler::request_handler() :testcache_(NODE_CACHE_SIZE, LEAF_CACHE_SIZE) { c_ = 0; memset(max_key.content, (std::numeric_limits<unsigned char>::max)(), MAX_QUERY_LEN); memset(min_key.content, (std::numeric_limits<unsigned char>::min)(), MAX_QUERY_LEN); testcache_.enable_prefetching(); STXXL_MSG("Records in map: " << testcache_.size()); }

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  • c++ global operator not playing well with template class

    - by John
    ok, i found some similar posts on stackoverflow, but I couldn't find any that pertained to my exact situation and I was confused with some of the answers given. Ok, so here is my problem: I have a template matrix class as follows: template <typename T, size_t ROWS, size_t COLS> class Matrix { public: template<typename, size_t, size_t> friend class Matrix; Matrix( T init = T() ) : _matrix(ROWS, vector<T>(COLS, init)) { /*for( int i = 0; i < ROWS; i++ ) { _matrix[i] = new vector<T>( COLS, init ); }*/ } Matrix<T, ROWS, COLS> & operator+=( const T & value ) { for( vector<T>::size_type i = 0; i < this->_matrix.size(); i++ ) { for( vector<T>::size_type j = 0; j < this->_matrix[i].size(); j++ ) { this->_matrix[i][j] += value; } } return *this; } private: vector< vector<T> > _matrix; }; and I have the following global function template: template<typename T, size_t ROWS, size_t COLS> Matrix<T, ROWS, COLS> operator+( const Matrix<T, ROWS, COLS> & lhs, const Matrix<T, ROWS, COLS> & rhs ) { Matrix<T, ROWS, COLS> returnValue = lhs; return returnValue += lhs; } To me, this seems to be right. However, when I try to compile the code, I get the following error (thrown from the operator+ function): binary '+=' : no operator found which takes a right-hand operand of type 'const matrix::Matrix<T,ROWS,COLS>' (or there is no acceptable conversion) I can't figure out what to make of this. Any help if greatly appreciated!

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  • C++ segmentation error when first parameter is null in comparison operator overload

    - by user1774515
    I am writing a class called Word, that handles a c string and overloads the <, , <=, = operators. word.h: friend bool operator<(const Word &a, const Word &b); word.cc: bool operator<(const Word &a, const Word &b) { if(a == NULL && b == NULL) return false; if(a == NULL) return true; if(b == NULL) return false; return a.wd < b.wd; //wd is a valid c string } main: char* temp = NULL; //EDIT: i was mistaken, temp is a char pointer Word a("blah"); //a.wd = [b,l,a,h] cout << (temp<a); i get a segmentation error before the first line of the operator< method after the last line in the main. I can correct the problem by writing cout << (a>temp); where the operator> is similarly defined and i get no errors. but my assignment requires (temp < a) to work so this is where i ask for help. EDIT: i made a mistake the first time and i said temp was of type Word, but it is actually of type char*. so i assume that the compiler converts temp to a Word using one of my constructors. i dont know which one it would use and why this would work since the first parameter is not Word. here is the constructor i think is being used to make the Word using temp: Word::Word(char* c, char* delimeters=NULL) { char *temporary = "\0"; if(c == NULL) c = temporary; check(stoppers!=NULL, "(Word(char*,char*))NULL pointer"); //exits the program if the expression is false if(strlen(c) == 0) size = DEFAULT_SIZE; //10 else size = strlen(c) + 1 + DEFAULT_SIZE; wd = new char[size]; check(wd!=NULL, "Word(char*,char*))heap overflow"); delimiters = new char[strlen(stoppers) + 1]; //EDIT: changed to [] check(delimiters!=NULL,"Word(char*,char*))heap overflow"); strcpy(wd,c); strcpy(delimiters,stoppers); count = strlen(wd); } wd is of type char* thanks for looking at this big question and trying to help. let me know if you need more code to look at

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  • Can 'iterator' type just subclass 'const_iterator'?

    - by doublep
    After another question about iterators I'm having some doubts about custom containers. In my container, iterator is a subclass of const_iterator, so that I get conversion from non-const to const "for free". But is this allowed or are there any drawbacks or non-working scenarios for such a setup?

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  • How do I convert jstring to wchar_t *

    - by Obediah Stane
    Let's say that on the C++ side my function takes a variable of type jstring named myString. I can convert it to an ANSI string as follows: const char* ansiString = env-GetStringUTFChars(myString, 0); is there a way of getting const wchar_t* unicodeString = ...

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  • Problem with calculating floats

    - by iFloh
    strange situation, when performing the following lines of Code: const float a = 47.848711; const float b = 47.862952; float result = b - a; I get a (NSLog %.10f) result = 0.0142440796. I expected to get 0.0142410000. What's going on?

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  • C preprocessor: using #if inside #define?

    - by Wxy
    I want to write a macro that spits out code based on the boolean value of its parameter. So say DEF_CONST(true) should be expanded into "const", and DEF_CONST(false) should be expanded into nothing. Clearly the following doesn't work because we can't use another preprocessor inside #defines: #define DEF_CONST(b_const) \ #if (b_const) \ const \ #endif Any idea about how to do it?

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