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  • Does this pattern have a name?

    - by LK7jb
    Disclaimer: I'm trying to learn proper OO programming/design, so I'm pretty new to this stuff. I guess this is a general design patterns question, but I'll base my example on a game engine or something that renders objects to the display. Consider the following: How can this sort of separation between physical objects (e.g., cubes, spheres, etc.) and the rendering mechanism be achieved in an extensible manner? This design is not set in stone, and perhaps I've got something wrong from the start. I'm just curious as to how a problem like this is solved in real world code.

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  • How can I call a Perl package I define in the same file?

    - by Robert S. Barnes
    I need to define some modules and use them all in the same file. No, I can't change the requirement. I would like to do something like the following: { package FooObj; sub new { ... } sub add_data { ... } } { package BarObj; use FooObj; sub new { ... # BarObj "has a" FooObj my $self = ( myFoo => FooObj->new() ); ... } sub some_method { ... } } my $bar = BarObj->new(); However, this results in the message: Can't locate FooObj.pm in @INC ... BEGIN failed... How do I get this to work?

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  • Separating code logic from the actual data structures. Best practices?

    - by Patrick
    I have an application that loads lots of data into memory (this is because it needs to perform some mathematical simulation on big data sets). This data comes from several database tables, that all refer to each other. The consistency rules on the data are rather complex, and looking up all the relevant data requires quite some hashes and other additional data structures on the data. Problem is that this data may also be changed interactively by the user in a dialog. When the user presses the OK button, I want to perform all the checks to see that he didn't introduce inconsistencies in the data. In practice all the data needs to be checked at once, so I cannot update my data set incrementally and perform the checks one by one. However, all the checking code work on the actual data set loaded in memory, and use the hashing and other data structures. This means I have to do the following: Take the user's changes from the dialog Apply them to the big data set Perform the checks on the big data set Undo all the changes if the checks fail I don't like this solution since other threads are also continuously using the data set, and I don't want to halt them while performing the checks. Also, the undo means that the old situation needs to be put aside, which is also not possible. An alternative is to separate the checking code from the data set (and let it work on explicitly given data, e.g. coming from the dialog) but this means that the checking code cannot use hashing and other additional data structures, because they only work on the big data set, making the checks much slower. What is a good practice to check user's changes on complex data before applying them to the 'application's' data set?

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  • What is the right way to implement communication between java objects?

    - by imoschak
    I'm working on an academic project which simulates a rather large queuing procedure in java. The core of the simulator rests within one package where there exist 8 classes, each one implementing a single concept. Every class in the project follows SRP. These classes encapsulate the behavior of the simulator and inter-connect every other class in the project. The problem that has arisen is that most of these 8 classes are, as is logical i think, tightly coupled and each one has to have working knowledge of every other class in this package in order to be able to call methods from it when needed. The application needs only one instance of each class so it might be better to create static fields for each class in a new class and use that to make calls -instead of preserving a reference in each class for every other class in the package (which I'm certain that is incorrect)-, but is this considered a correct design solution? or is there a design pattern maybe that better suits my needs?

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  • In what package should a "Settings" class be placed?

    - by Tom
    I'm in the middle of building an application but found myself too easily creating new packages without keeping the project's structure in mind. Now, I'm trying to redo the whole project structure on paper first. I am using a Settings class with public properties, accessed as settings for several other classes around the project. Now, since this Settings class applies for the whole project, I am unsure if it should be packaged and if so, in what kind of package should it exist? Or should it be in the root (the default package) with the main application class? I've been thinking about putting it in my utils package, then again I don't think it really is an utlity. Any strategies on how to decide on such package structure for example for a Settings class?

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  • Should I share UI for objects that use common fields?

    - by wb
    I have a parent class that holds all of the fields that are common between all device types. From that, I have a few derived classes that each hold their unique fields. Say I have device type "Switch" and "Transformer". Both derived classes only have 2-3 of their own unique fields. When doing the UI design (windows forms) in this case. Should I create two separate forms for each device type or create a user control with all fields that are shared among all devices? Thank you.

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  • Singletons and constants

    - by devoured elysium
    I am making a program which makes use of a couple of constants. At first, each time I needed to use a constant, I'd define it as //C# private static readonly int MyConstant = xxx; //Java private static final int MyConstant = xxx; in the class where I'd need it. After some time, I started to realise that some constants would be needed in more than one class. At this time, I had 3 choises: To define them in the different classes that needed it. This leads to repetition. If by some reason later I need to change one of them, I'd have to check in all classes to replace them everywhere. To define a static class/singleton with all the constants as public. If I needed a constant X in ClassA, ClassB and ClassC, I could just define it in ClassA as public, and then have ClassB and ClassC refer to them. This solution doesn't seem that good to me as it introduces even more dependencies as the classes already have between them. I ended up implementing my code with the second option. Is that the best alternative? I feel I am probably missing some other better alternative. What worries me about using the singleton here is that it is nowhere clear to a user of the class that this class is using the singleton. Maybe I could create a ConstantsClass that held all the constants needed and then I'd pass it in the constructor to the classes that'd need it? Thanks

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  • One UI for two business objects

    - by JC
    I have an order edit and quote edit screen that are very similar. I want to try to avoid code like this: if (order is Order) SetupScreenForOrder(); if (order is Quote) SetupScreenForQuote(); But maintaining two screens is not good either. If I create some common interface between a Quote and Order then how do you deal with fields like OrderNumber or QuoteDate? What's the best way to handle this?

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  • Encapsulating a Windows.Forms.Button

    - by devoured elysium
    I want to define a special kind of button that only allows two possible labels: "ON" and "OFF". I decided to inherit from a Windows.Forms.Button to implement this but now I don't know I how should enforce this rule. Should I just override the Text property like this? public override string Text { set { throw new InvalidOperationException("Invalid operation on StartStopButton!"); } } The problem I see with this is that I am breaking the contract that all buttons should have. If any code tries something like foreach (Button button in myForm) { button.Text = "123"; } they will get an Exception if I have any of my special buttons on the form, which is something that isn't expectable. First, because people think of properties just as "public" variables, not methods, second, because they are used to using and setting whatever they want to buttons without having to worry with Exceptions. Should I instead just make the set property do nothing? That could also lead to awkward results: myButton.Text = "abc"; MessageBox.Show(abc); //not "abc"! The general idea from the OO world is to in this kind of cases use Composition instead of inheritance. public class MySpecialButton : <Some class from System.Windows.Forms that already knows how to draw itself on forms> private Button button = new Button(); //I'd just draw this button on this class //and I'd then only show the fields I consider //relevant to the outside world. ... } But to make the Button "live" on a form it must inherit from some special class. I've looked on Control, but it seems to already have the Text property defined. I guess the ideal situation would be to inherit from some kind of class that wouldn't even have the Text property defined, but that'd have position, size, etc properties available. Upper in the hierarchy, after Control, we have Component, but that looks like a really raw class. Any clue about how to achieve this? I know this was a long post :( Thanks

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  • Enums and inheritance

    - by devoured elysium
    I will use (again) the following class hierarchy: Event and all the following classes inherit from Event: SportEventType1 SportEventType2 SportEventType3 SportEventType4 I have originally designed the Event class like this: public abstract class Event { public abstract EventType EventType { get; } public DateTime Time { get; protected set; } protected Event(DateTime time) { Time = time; } } with EventType being defined as: public enum EventType { Sport1, Sport2, Sport3, Sport4 } The original idea would be that each SportEventTypeX class would set its correct EventType. Now that I think of it, I think this approach is totally incorrect for two reasons: If I want to later add a new SportEventType class I will have to modify the enum If I later decide to remove one SportEventType that I feel I won't use I'm also in big trouble with the enum. I have a class variable in the Event class that makes, afterall, assumptions about the kind of classes that will inherit from it, which kinda defeats the purpose of inheritance. How would you solve this kind of situation? Define in the Event class an abstract "Description" property, having each child class implement it? Having an Attribute(Annotation in Java!) set its Description variable instead? What would be the pros/cons of having a class variable instead of attribute/annotation in this case? Is there any other more elegant solution out there? Thanks

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  • Adding interfaces that won't be actually used

    - by devoured elysium
    I currently have two interfaces(that I'll name here IA and IB): interface IA { int Width; int Height; ... } interface IB { int Width; int Height; ... } that share the same two properties: they both have a Width and a Height property. I was thinking if there is any point in defining an IMatrix interface containing a Width and Height properties: interface IMatrix { int Width; int Height; } The thing is that although they share both the same properties, I won't make use of polymorphism with IMatrix in any of my coding: i.e., there won't by any situation where I'll want to use an IMatrix, I'll just want to use IA and IB. Adding an IMatrix seems more like over-engineering than other thing, but I'd like to ask you guys what your opinion is on the matter. Thanks

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  • Test if a method is an override?

    - by Water Cooler v2
    Is there a way to tell if a method is an override? For e.g. public class Foo { public virtual void DoSomething() {} public virtual int GimmeIntPleez() { return 0; } } public class BabyFoo: Foo { public override int GimmeIntPleez() { return -1; } } Is it possible to reflect on BabyFoo and tell if GimmeIntPleez is an override?

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  • When to Use Properties & When to Use Methods?

    - by DaveDev
    Hi Guys I was looking at the following line of code foreach (PropertyInfo prop in t.GetProperties()) and I noticed that tprovides a method to return the type's properties instead of a property like t.Properties This makes me wonder why sometimes people use properties to make a type's data avilable and other times there's a method provided? Is there some logic behind the decision? Thanks Dave

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  • The right way to implement communication between java objects

    - by imoschak
    I'm working on an academic project which simulates a rather large queuing procedure in java. The core of the simulator rests within one package where there exist 8 classes each one implementing a single concept. Every class in the project follows SRP. These classes encapsulate the behavior of the simulator and inter-connect every other class in the project. The problem that I has arisen is that most of these 8 classes are, as is logical i think, tightly coupled and each one has to have working knowledge of every other class in this package in order to be able to call methods from it when needed. The application needs only one instance of each class so it might be better to create static fields for each class in a new class and use that to make calls -instead of preserving a reference in each class for every other class in the package (which I'm certain that is incorrect)-, but is this considered a correct design solution? or is there a design pattern maybe that better suits my needs?

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  • How does Undo work?

    - by dontWatchMyProfile
    How does undo work? Does it copy all the managed objects every time any of the values change? Or does it only copy the actual changes together with an information which objects were affected? Is that heavy or lightweight?

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  • Java inheritance question

    - by user247866
    So I have 3 classes. Abstract class A Class B extends class A independent Class C In class D that contains the main method, I create a list of instances of class B List<B> b = method-call();` // the method returns a list of instances of class B Now in class C I have one method that is common to both A and B, and hence I don't want to duplicate it. I want to have one method that takes as input an instance of class A, as follows: public void some-method(LIst<A> a) However, when I do: C c = new C(). c. some-method(b) I get an error that some-method is not applicable for the argument List, instead it's expecting to get List. Is there a good way to fix this problem? Many thanks!

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  • OOP beginner: classB extends classA. classA already object. method in classB needed.. etc.

    - by Yvo
    Hey guys, I'm learning myself to go from function based PHP coding to OOP. And this is the situation: ClassA holds many basic tool methods (functions). it's __construct makes a DB connection. ClassB holds specific methods based on a certain activity (extract widgets). ClassB extends ClassA because it uses some of the basic tools in there e.g. a database call. In a php file I create a $a_class = new ClassA object (thus a new DB connection). Now I need a method in ClassB. I do $b_class = new ClassB; and call a method, which uses a method from it's parent:: ClassA. In this example, i'm having ClassA 'used' twice. Onces as object, and onces via a parent:: call, so ClassA creates another DB connection (or not?). So what is the best setup for this basic classes parent, child (extend) situation? I only want to make one connection of course? I don't like to forward the object to ClassB like this $b_class = new ClassB($a_object); or is that the best way? Thanks for thinking with me, and helping :d

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  • Why are interfaces unusable in PHP?

    - by streetparade
    I mean an interface definition without defining the return type makes it unusable? This makes more Clear Interface run { public function getInteger(); } class MyString implements run { public function myNumber() { } public function getInteger() { return "Not a number"; } } In Java every Interface has a return type like Integer,String,Void I know that PHP is unfortunately a loosly typed Language but isnt there a Solution for that Problem? Is it Possible to defining a Interface with a Return type like Integer?

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  • Why is it possible to have an interface without a return type in PHP?

    - by streetparade
    Why is it possible to create an interface without specifying a return type? Why doesn't this make this interface unusable? This makes it more Clear: Interface run { public function getInteger(); } class MyString implements run { public function myNumber() { } public function getInteger() { return "Not a number"; } } In Java every Interface has a return type like Integer, String or Void I know that PHP is unfortunately a loosely typed Language but isn't there a Solution to that Problem? Is it possible to define an Interface with a return type like Integer?

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  • How to consume PHP SOAP service using WCF

    - by mr.b
    I am new in web services so apologize me if I am making some cardinal mistake here, hehe. I have built SOAP service using PHP. Service is SOAP 1.2 compatible, and I have WSDL available. I have enabled sessions, so that I can track login status, etc. I don't need some super security here (ie message-level security), all I need is transport security (HTTPS), since this service will be used infrequently, and performances are not so much of an issue. I am having difficulties making it to work at all. C# throws some unclear exception ("Server returned an invalid SOAP Fault. Please see InnerException for more details.", which in turn says "Unbound prefix used in qualified name 'rpc:ProcedureNotPresent'."), but consuming service using PHP SOAP client behaves as expected (including session and all). So far, I have following code. note: due to amount of real code, I am posting minimal code configuration PHP SOAP server (using Zend Soap Server library), including class(es) exposed via service: <?php class Verification_LiteralDocumentProxy { protected $instance; public function __call($methodName, $args) { if ($this->instance === null) { $this->instance = new Verification(); } $result = call_user_func_array(array($this->instance, $methodName), $args[0]); return array($methodName.'Result' => $result); } } class Verification { private $guid = ''; private $hwid = ''; /** * Initialize connection * * @param string GUID * @param string HWID * @return bool */ public function Initialize($guid, $hwid) { $this->guid = $guid; $this->hwid = $hwid; return true; } /** * Closes session * * @return void */ public function Close() { // if session is working, $this->hwid and $this->guid // should contain non-empty values } } // start up session stuff $sess = Session::instance(); require_once 'Zend/Soap/Server.php'; $server = new Zend_Soap_Server('https://www.somesite.com/api?wsdl'); $server->setClass('Verification_LiteralDocumentProxy'); $server->setPersistence(SOAP_PERSISTENCE_SESSION); $server->handle(); WSDL: <definitions xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:tns="https://www.somesite.com/api" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap-enc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" name="Verification" targetNamespace="https://www.somesite.com/api"> <types> <xsd:schema targetNamespace="https://www.somesite.com/api"> <xsd:element name="Initialize"> <xsd:complexType> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="guid" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="hwid" type="xsd:string"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:element> <xsd:element name="InitializeResponse"> <xsd:complexType> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="InitializeResult" type="xsd:boolean"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:element> <xsd:element name="Close"> <xsd:complexType/> </xsd:element> </xsd:schema> </types> <portType name="VerificationPort"> <operation name="Initialize"> <documentation> Initializes connection with server</documentation> <input message="tns:InitializeIn"/> <output message="tns:InitializeOut"/> </operation> <operation name="Close"> <documentation> Closes session between client and server</documentation> <input message="tns:CloseIn"/> </operation> </portType> <binding name="VerificationBinding" type="tns:VerificationPort"> <soap:binding style="document" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/> <operation name="Initialize"> <soap:operation soapAction="https://www.somesite.com/api#Initialize"/> <input> <soap:body use="literal"/> </input> <output> <soap:body use="literal"/> </output> </operation> <operation name="Close"> <soap:operation soapAction="https://www.somesite.com/api#Close"/> <input> <soap:body use="literal"/> </input> <output> <soap:body use="literal"/> </output> </operation> </binding> <service name="VerificationService"> <port name="VerificationPort" binding="tns:VerificationBinding"> <soap:address location="https://www.somesite.com/api"/> </port> </service> <message name="InitializeIn"> <part name="parameters" element="tns:Initialize"/> </message> <message name="InitializeOut"> <part name="parameters" element="tns:InitializeResponse"/> </message> <message name="CloseIn"> <part name="parameters" element="tns:Close"/> </message> </definitions> And finally, WCF C# consumer code: [ServiceContract(SessionMode = SessionMode.Required)] public interface IVerification { [OperationContract(Action = "Initialize", IsInitiating = true)] bool Initialize(string guid, string hwid); [OperationContract(Action = "Close", IsInitiating = false, IsTerminating = true)] void Close(); } class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { WSHttpBinding whb = new WSHttpBinding(SecurityMode.Transport, true); ChannelFactory<IVerification> cf = new ChannelFactory<IVerification>( whb, "https://www.somesite.com/api"); IVerification client = cf.CreateChannel(); Console.WriteLine(client.Initialize("123451515", "15498518").ToString()); client.Close(); } } Any ideas? What am I doing wrong here? Thanks!

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