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• Parse files in directory/insert in database

  - by jakesankey

  Hey there, Here is my dillema... I have a directory full of .txt comma delimited files arranged as shown below. What I want to do is to import each of these into a SQL or SQLite database, appending each one below the last. (1 table)... I am open to C# or VB scripting and just not sure how to accomplish this. I want to only extract and import the data starting BELOW the 'Feat. Type,Feat. Name, etc' line. These are stored in a \mynetwork\directory\stats folder on my network drive. Ideally I will be able to add functionality that will make the software/script know not to re-add the file to the database once it has already done so as well. Any guidance or tips is appreciated! $$ SAMPLE= $$ FIXTURE=- $$ OPERATOR=- $$ INSPECTION PROCESS=CMM #4 $$ PROCESS OPERATION=- $$ PROCESS SEQUENCE=- $$ TRIAL=- Feat. Type,Feat. Name,Value,Actual,Nominal,Dev.,Tol-,Tol+,Out of Tol.,Comment Point,_FF_PLN_A_1,X,-17.445,-17.445,0.000,-999.000,999.000,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_1,Y,-195.502,-195.502,0.000,-999.000,999.000,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_1,Z,32.867,33.500,-0.633,-0.800,0.800,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_2,X,-73.908,-73.908,0.000,-999.000,999.000,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_2,Y,-157.957,-157.957,0.000,-999.000,999.000,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_2,Z,32.792,33.500,-0.708,-0.800,0.800,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_3,X,-100.180,-100.180,0.000,-999.000,999.000,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_3,Y,-142.797,-142.797,0.000,-999.000,999.000,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_3,Z,32.768,33.500,-0.732,-0.800,0.800,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_4,X,-160.945,-160.945,0.000,-999.000,999.000,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_4,Y,-112.705,-112.705,0.000,-999.000,999.000,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_4,Z,32.719,33.500,-0.781,-0.800,0.800,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_5,X,-158.096,-158.096,0.000,-999.000,999.000,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_5,Y,-73.821,-73.821,0.000,-999.000,999.000,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_5,Z,32.756,33.500,-0.744,-0.800,0.800,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_6,X,-195.670,-195.670,0.000,-999.000,999.000,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_6,Y,-17.375,-17.375,0.000,-999.000,999.000,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_6,Z,32.767,33.500,-0.733,-0.800,0.800,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_7,X,-173.759,-173.759,0.000,-999.000,999.000,, Point,_FF_PLN_A_7,Y,14.876,14.876,0.000,-999.000,999.000,,

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• How can I override list methods to do vector addition and subtraction in python?

  - by Bobble

  I originally implemented this as a wrapper class around a list, but I was annoyed by the number of operator() methods I needed to provide, so I had a go at simply subclassing list. This is my test code: class CleverList(list): def __add__(self, other): copy = self[:] for i in range(len(self)): copy[i] += other[i] return copy def __sub__(self, other): copy = self[:] for i in range(len(self)): copy[i] -= other[i] return copy def __iadd__(self, other): for i in range(len(self)): self[i] += other[i] return self def __isub__(self, other): for i in range(len(self)): self[i] -= other[i] return self a = CleverList([0, 1]) b = CleverList([3, 4]) print('CleverList does vector arith: a, b, a+b, a-b = ', a, b, a+b, a-b) c = a[:] print('clone test: e = a[:]: a, e = ', a, c) c += a print('OOPS: augmented addition: c += a: a, c = ', a, c) c -= b print('OOPS: augmented subtraction: c -= b: b, c, a = ', b, c, a) Normal addition and subtraction work in the expected manner, but there are problems with the augmented addition and subtraction. Here is the output: >>> CleverList does vector arith: a, b, a+b, a-b = [0, 1] [3, 4] [3, 5] [-3, -3] clone test: e = a[:]: a, e = [0, 1] [0, 1] OOPS: augmented addition: c += a: a, c = [0, 1] [0, 1, 0, 1] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/bob/Documents/Python/listTest.py", line 35, in <module> c -= b TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for -=: 'list' and 'CleverList' >>> Is there a neat and simple way to get augmented operators working in this example?

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• Need help getting parent reference to child view controller

  - by Andy

  I've got the following code in one of my view controllers: - (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { switch (indexPath.section) { case 0: // "days" section tapped { DayPicker *dayPicker = [[DayPicker alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewStylePlain]; dayPicker.rowLabel = self.activeDaysLabel; dayPicker.selectedDays = self.newRule.activeDays; [self.navigationController pushViewController:dayPicker animated:YES]; [dayPicker release]; break; ... Then, in the DayPicker controller, I do some stuff to the dayPicker.rowLabel property. Now, when the dayPicker is dismissed, I want the value in dayPicker.rowLabel to be used as the cell.textLabel.text property in the cell that called the controller in the first place (i.e., the cell label becomes the option that was selected within the DayPicker controller). I thought that by using the assignment operator to set dayPicker.rowLabel = self.activeDaysLabel, the two pointed to the same object in memory, and that upon dismissing the DayPicker, my first view controller, which uses self.activeDaysLabel as the cell.textLabel.text property for the cell in question, would automagically pick up the new value of the object. But no such luck. Have I missed something basic here, or am I going about this the wrong way? I originally passed a reference to the calling view controller to the child view controller, but several here told me that was likely to cause problems, being a circular reference. That setup worked, though; now I'm not sure how to accomplish the same thing "the right way." As usual, thanks in advance for your help.

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• Interpretation of int (*a)[3]

  - by kapuzineralex

  When working with arrays and pointers in C, one quickly discovers that they are by no means equivalent although it might seem so at a first glance. I know about the differences in L-values and R-values. Still, recently I tried to find out the type of a pointer that I could use in conjunction with a two-dimensional array, i.e. int foo[2][3]; int (*a)[3] = foo; However, I just can't find out how the compiler "understands" the type definition of a in spite of the regular operator precedence rules for * and []. If instead I were to use a typedef, the problem becomes significantly simpler: int foo[2][3]; typedef int my_t[3]; my_t *a = foo; At the bottom line, can someone answer me the questions as to how the term int (*a)[3] is read by the compiler? int a[3] is simple, int *a[3] is simple as well. But then, why is it not int *(a[3])? EDIT: Of course, instead of "typecast" I meant "typedef" (it was just a typo).

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• C++ CRTP question

  - by aaa

  following piece of code does not compile, the problem is in T::rank not be inaccessible (I think) or uninitialized in parent template. Can you tell me exactly what the problem is? is passing rank explicitly the only way? or is there a way to query tensor class directly? Thank you #include <boost/utility/enable_if.hpp> template<class T, // size_t N, class enable = void> struct tensor_operator; // template<class T, size_t N> template<class T> struct tensor_operator<T, typename boost::enable_if_c< T::rank == 4>::type > { tensor_operator(T &tensor) : tensor_(tensor) {} T& operator()(int i,int j,int k,int l) { return tensor_.layout.element_at(i, j, k, l); } T &tensor_; }; template<size_t N, typename T = double> // struct tensor : tensor_operator<tensor<N,T>, N> { struct tensor : tensor_operator<tensor<N,T> > { static const size_t rank = N; }; I know the workaround, however am interested in mechanics of template instantiation for self-education

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• How would I compare two Lists(Of <CustomClass>) in VB?

  - by Kumba

  I'm working on implementing the equality operator = for a custom class of mine. The class has one property, Value, which is itself a List(Of OtherClass), where OtherClass is yet another custom class in my project. I've already implemented the IComparer, IComparable, IEqualityComparer, and IEquatable interfaces, the operators =, <>, bool and not, and overriden Equals and GetHashCode for OtherClass. This should give me all the tools I need to compare these objects, and various tests comparing two singular instances of these objects so far checks out. However, I'm not sure how to approach this when they are in a List. I don't care about the list order. Given: Dim x As New List(Of OtherClass) From {New OtherClass("foo"), New OtherClass("bar"), New OtherClass("baz")} Dim y As New List(Of OtherClass) From {New OtherClass("baz"), New OtherClass("foo"), New OtherClass("bar")} Then (x = y).ToString should print out True. I need to compare the same (not distinct) set of objects in this list. The list shouldn't support dupes of OtherClass, but I'll have to figure out how to add that in later as an exception. Not interested in using LINQ. It looks nice, but in the few examples I've played with, adds a performance overhead in that bugs me. Loops are ugly, but they are fast :) A straight code answer is fine, but I'd like to understand the logic needed for such a comparison as well. I'm probably going to have to implement said logic more than a few times down the road.

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• How to iterate properly across a const set?

  - by Jared

  I'm working on a program that's supposed to represent a graph. My issue is in my printAdjacencyList function. Basically, I have a Graph ADT that has a member variable "nodes", which is a map of the nodes of that graph. Each Node has a set of Edge* to the edges it is connected to. I'm trying to iterate across each node in the graph and each edge of a node. void MyGraph::printAdjacencyList() { std::map<std::string, MyNode*>::iterator mit; std::set<MyEdge*>::iterator sit; for (mit = nodes.begin(); mit != nodes.end(); mit++ ) { std::cout << mit->first << ": {"; const std::set<MyEdge*> edges = mit->second->getEdges(); for (sit = edges.begin(); sit != edges.end(); sit++) { std::pair<MyNode*, MyNode*> edgeNodes = *sit->getEndpoints(); } } std::cout << " }" << std::endl; } getEdges is declared as: const std::set<MyEdge*>& getEdges() { return edges; }; and get Endpoints is declared as: const std::pair<MyNode*, MyNode*>& getEndpoints() { return nodes; }; The compiler error I'm getting is: MyGraph.cpp:63: error: request for member `getEndpoints' in `*(&sit)->std::_Rb_tree_const_iterator<_Tp>::operator-> [with _Tp = MyEdge*]()', which is of non-class type `MyEdge* const' MyGraph.cpp:63: warning: unused variable 'edgeNodes' I have figured out that this probably means I'm misusing const somewhere, but I can't figure out where for the life of me. Any information would be appreciated. Thanks!

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• Which C++ Standard Library wrapper functions do you use?

  - by Neil Butterworth

  This question, asked this morning, made me wonder which features you think are missing from the C++ Standard Library, and how you have gone about filling the gaps with wrapper functions. For example, my own utility library has this function for vector append: template <class T> std::vector<T> & operator += ( std::vector<T> & v1, const std::vector <T> & v2 ) { v1.insert( v1.end(), v2.begin(), v2.end() ); return v1; } and this one for clearing (more or less) any type - particularly useful for things like std::stack: template <class C> void Clear( C & c ) { c = C(); } I have a few more, but I'm interested in which ones you use? Please limit answers to wrapper functions - i.e. no more than a couple of lines of code.

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• Determine if a Range contains a value

  - by Brad Dwyer

  I'm trying to figure out a way to determine if a value falls within a Range in Swift. Basically what I'm trying to do is adapt one of the examples switch statement examples to do something like this: let point = (1, -1) switch point { case let (x, y) where (0..5).contains(x): println("(\(x), \(y)) has an x val between 0 and 5.") default: println("This point has an x val outside 0 and 5.") } As far as I can tell, there isn't any built in way to do what my imaginary .contains method above does. So I tried to extend the Range class. I ended up running into issues with generics though. I can't extend Range<Int> so I had to try to extend Range itself. The closest I got was this but it doesn't work since >= and <= aren't defined for ForwardIndex extension Range { func contains(val:ForwardIndex) -> Bool { return val >= self.startIndex && val <= self.endIndex } } How would I go about adding a .contains method to Range? Or is there a better way to determine whether a value falls within a range? Edit2: This seems to work to extend Range extension Range { func contains(val:T) -> Bool { for x in self { if(x == val) { return true } } return false } } var a = 0..5 a.contains(3) // true a.contains(6) // false a.contains(-5) // false I am very interested in the ~= operator mentioned below though; looking into that now.

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• Porting Perl to C++ `print "\x{2501}" x 12;`

  - by jippie

  I am porting a program from Perl to C++ as a learning objective. I arrived at a routine that draws a table with commands like the following: Perl: print "\x{2501}" x 12; And it draws 12 times a '?' ("box drawings heavy horizontal"). Now I figured out part of the problem already: Perl: \x{}, \x00 Hexadecimal escape sequence; C++: \unnnn To print a single Unicode character: C++: printf( "\u250f\n" ); But does C++ have a smart equivalent for the 'x' operator or would it come down to a for loop? UPDATE Let me include the full source code I am trying to compile with the proposed solution. The compiler does throw an errors: g++ -Wall -Werror project.cpp -o project project.cpp: In function ‘int main(int, char**)’: project.cpp:38:3: error: ‘string’ is not a member of ‘std’ project.cpp:38:15: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘s’ project.cpp:39:3: error: ‘cout’ is not a member of ‘std’ project.cpp:39:16: error: ‘s’ was not declared in this scope #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main ( int argc, char *argv[] ) { if ( argc != 2 ) { fprintf( stderr , "usage: %s matrix\n", argv[0] ); exit( 2 ); } else { //std::string s(12, "\u250f" ); std::string s(12, "u" ); std::cout << s; } }

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• Passing functor and function pointers interchangeably using a templated method in C++

  - by metroxylon

  I currently have a templated class, with a templated method. Works great with functors, but having trouble compiling for functions. Foo.h template <typename T> class Foo { public: // Constructor, destructor, etc... template <typename Func> void bar(T x, Func f); }; template <typename T> template <typename Func> Foo::bar(T x, Func f) { /* some code here */ } Main.cpp #include "Foo.h" template <typename T> class Functor { public: Functor() {} void operator()(T x) { /* ... */ } private: /* some attributes here */ }; void Function(T x) { /* ... */ } int main() { Foo<int> foo; foo.bar(2, Functor); // No problem foo.bar(2, Function); // <unresolved overloaded function type> return 0; }

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• database table design

  - by e.b.white

  I design the tables as below for the system which looks like a package delivering system For example, after user received the package, postman should record in system, and the state(history table) is "delivered",and operator is this postman, the current state(state table) is of course "delivered" history table: +---------------+--------------------------+ | Field | Desc | +---------------+--------------------------+ | id | PRIMARY KEY | +---------------+--------------------------+ | package_id | package_tacking_id | +---------------+--------------------------+ | state | package_state | +---------------+--------------------------+ | operators | operators | +---------------+--------------------------+ | create_time| create_time | +---------------+--------------------------+ state table: +---------------+--------------------------+ | Field | Desc | +---------------+--------------------------+ | id | PRIMARY KEY | +---------------+--------------------------+ | package_id | package_tacking_id | +---------------+--------------------------+ | state | latest_package_state | +---------------+--------------------------+ Above is just the basic information to record, some other information( like invoice, destination,...) should be recored as well. But there are different service types like s1 and s2, for s1 it is not needed to record invoice but s1 need, and maybe s1 need some other information to record (like the tel of end user). After all, at delivering way stations there are additional information to record, and for different service type the information type is different. My question is: 1. For different service type, shall I need to declare different tables(option A) or just one big table which can record all information for all types(option B)? 2. If option A, since the basic information above is MUST, how can prevent from declaring there duplicate fields in different tables?

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• Optimizing C++ Tree Generation

  - by cam

  Hi, I'm generating a Tic-Tac-Toe game tree (9 seconds after the first move), and I'm told it should take only a few milliseconds. So I'm trying to optimize it, I ran it through CodeAnalyst and these are the top 5 calls being made (I used bitsets to represent the Tic-Tac-Toe board): std::_Iterator_base::_Orphan_me std::bitset<9::test std::_Iterator_base::_Adopt std::bitset<9::reference::operator bool std::_Iterator_base::~_Iterator_base void BuildTreeToDepth(Node &nNode, const int& nextPlayer, int depth) { if (depth > 0) { //Calculate gameboard states int evalBoard = nNode.m_board.CalculateBoardState(); bool isFinished = nNode.m_board.isFinished(); if (isFinished || (nNode.m_board.isWinner() > 0)) { nNode.m_winCount = evalBoard; } else { Ticboard tBoard = nNode.m_board; do { int validMove = tBoard.FirstValidMove(); if (validMove != -1) { Node f; Ticboard tempBoard = nNode.m_board; tempBoard.Move(validMove, nextPlayer); tBoard.Move(validMove, nextPlayer); f.m_board = tempBoard; f.m_winCount = 0; f.m_Move = validMove; int currPlay = (nextPlayer == 1 ? 2 : 1); BuildTreeToDepth(f,currPlay, depth - 1); nNode.m_winCount += f.m_board.CalculateBoardState(); nNode.m_branches.push_back(f); } else { break; } }while(true); } } } Where should I be looking to optimize it? How should I optimize these 5 calls (I don't recognize them=.

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• Why it's can be compiled in GNU/C++, can't compiled in VC++2010 RTM?

  - by volnet

  #include #include #include #include "copy_of_auto_ptr.h" #ifdef _MSC_VER #pragma message("#include ") #include // http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Diagnostic-Pragmas.html#Diagnostic-Pragmas #endif /* case 1-4 is the requirement of the auto_ptr. which form http://ptgmedia.pearsoncmg.com/images/020163371X/autoptrupdate/auto_ptr_update.html */ /* case 1. (1) Direct-initialization, same type, e.g. */ std::auto_ptr source_int() { // return std::auto_ptr(new int(3)); std::auto_ptr tmp(new int(3)); return tmp; } /* case 2. (2) Copy-initialization, same type, e.g. */ void sink_int(std::auto_ptr p) { std::cout source_derived() { // return std::auto_ptr(new Derived()); std::auto_ptr tmp(new Derived()); return tmp; } /* case 4. (4) Copy-initialization, base-from-derived, e.g. */ void sink_base( std::auto_ptr p) { p-go(); } int main(void) { /* // auto_ptr */ // case 1. // auto_ptr std::auto_ptr p_int(source_int()); std::cout p_derived(source_derived()); p_derived-go(); // case 4. // auto_ptr sink_base(source_derived()); return 0; } In Eclipse(GNU C++.exe -v gcc version 3.4.5 (mingw-vista special r3)) it's two compile error: Description Resource Path Location Type initializing argument 1 of void sink_base(std::auto_ptr<Base>)' from result ofstd::auto_ptr<_Tp::operator std::auto_ptr<_Tp1() [with _Tp1 = Base, _Tp = Derived]' auto_ptr_ref_research.cpp auto_ptr_ref_research/auto_ptr_ref_research 190 C/C++ Problem Description Resource Path Location Type no matching function for call to `std::auto_ptr::auto_ptr(std::auto_ptr)' auto_ptr_ref_research.cpp auto_ptr_ref_research/auto_ptr_ref_research 190 C/C++ Problem But it's right in VS2010 RTM. Questions: Which compiler stand for the ISO C++ standard? The content of case 4 is the problem "auto_ptr & auto_ptr_ref want to resolve?"

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• How to combine the multiple part linq into one query?

  - by user2943399

  Operator should be ‘AND’ and not a ‘OR’. I am trying to refactor the following code and i understood the following way of writing linq query may not be the correct way. Can somone advice me how to combine the following into one query. AllCompany.Where(itm => itm != null).Distinct().ToList(); if (AllCompany.Count > 0) { //COMPANY NAME if (isfldCompanyName) { AllCompany = AllCompany.Where(company => company["Company Name"].StartsWith(fldCompanyName)).ToList(); } //SECTOR if (isfldSector) { AllCompany = AllCompany.Where(company => fldSector.Intersect(company["Sectors"].Split('|')).Any()).ToList(); } //LOCATION if (isfldLocation) { AllCompany = AllCompany.Where(company => fldLocation.Intersect(company["Location"].Split('|')).Any()).ToList(); } //CREATED DATE if (isfldcreatedDate) { AllCompany = AllCompany.Where(company => company.Statistics.Created >= createdDate).ToList(); } //LAST UPDATED DATE if (isfldUpdatedDate) { AllCompany = AllCompany.Where(company => company.Statistics.Updated >= updatedDate).ToList(); } //Allow Placements if (isfldEmployerLevel) { fldEmployerLevel = (fldEmployerLevel == "Yes") ? "1" : ""; AllCompany = AllCompany.Where(company => company["Allow Placements"].ToString() == fldEmployerLevel).ToList(); }

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• How to easily apply a function to a collection in C++

  - by Jesse Beder

  I'm storing images as arrays, templated based on the type of their elements, like Image<unsigned> or Image<float>, etc. Frequently, I need to perform operations on these images; for example, I might need to add two images, or square an image (elementwise), and so on. All of the operations are elementwise. I'd like get as close as possible to writing things like: float Add(float a, float b) { return a+b; } Image<float> result = Add(img1, img2); and even better, things like complex ComplexCombine(float a, float b) { return complex(a, b); } Image<complex> result = ComplexCombine(img1, img2); or struct FindMax { unsigned currentMax; FindMax(): currentMax(0) {} void operator(unsigned a) { if(a > currentMax) currentMax = a; } }; FindMax findMax; findMax(img); findMax.currentMax; // now contains the maximum value of 'img' Now, I obviously can't exactly do that; I've written something so that I can call: Image<float> result = Apply(img1, img2, Add); but I can't seem to figure out a generic way for it to detect the return type of the function/function object passed, so my ComplexCombine example above is out; also, I have to write a new one for each number of arguments I'd like to pass (which seems inevitable). Any thoughts on how to achieve this (with as little boilerplate code as possible)?

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• How can I compare the performance of log() and fp division in C++?

  - by Ventzi Zhechev

  Hi, I’m using a log-based class in C++ to store very small floating-point values (as the values otherwise go beyond the scope of double). As I’m performing a large number of multiplications, this has the added benefit of converting the multiplications to sums. However, at a certain point in my algorithm, I need to divide a standard double value by an integer value and than do a *= to a log-based value. I have overloaded the *= operator for my log-based class and the right-hand side value is first converted to a log-based value by running log() and than added to the left-hand side value. Thus the operations actually performed are floating-point division, log() and floating-point summation. My question whether it would be faster to first convert the denominator to a log-based value, which would replace the floating-point division with floating-point subtraction, yielding the following chain of operations: twice log(), floating-point subtraction, floating-point summation. In the end, this boils down to whether floating-point division is faster or slower than log(). I suspect that a common answer would be that this is compiler and architecture dependent, so I’ll say that I use gcc 4.2 from Apple on darwin 10.3.0. Still, I hope to get an answer with a general remark on the speed of these two operators and/or an idea on how to measure the difference myself, as there might be more going on here, e.g. executing the constructors that do the type conversion etc. Cheers!

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• Freeing ImageData when deleting a Canvas

  - by user578770

  I'm writing a XUL application using HTML Canvas to display Bitmap images. I'm generating ImageDatas and imporingt them in a canvas using the putImageData function : for(var pageIndex=0;pageIndex<100;pageIndex++){ this.img = imageDatas[pageIndex]; /* Create the Canvas element */ var imgCanvasTmp = document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml",'html:canvas'); imgCanvasTmp.setAttribute('width', this.img.width); imgCanvasTmp.setAttribute('height', this.img.height); /* Import the image into the Canvas */ imgCanvasTmp.getContext('2d').putImageData(this.img, 0, 0); /* Use the Canvas into another part of the program (Commented out for testing) */ // this.displayCanvas(imgCanvasTmp,pageIndex); } The images are well imported but there seems to be a memory leak due to the putImageData function. When exiting the "for" loop, I would expect the memory allocated for the Canvas to be freed but, by executing the code without executing putImageData, I noticed that my program at the end use 100Mb less (my images are quite big). I came to the conclusion that the putImageData function prevent the garbage collector to free the allocated memory. Do you have any idea how I could force the garbage collector to free the memory? Is there any way to empty the Canvas? I already tried to delete the canvas using the delete operator or to use the clearRect function but it did nothing. I also tried to reuse the same canvas to display the image at each iteration but the amount of memory used did not changed, as if the image where imported without deleting the existing ones...

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• in haskell, why do I need to specify type constraints, why can't the compiler figure them out?

  - by Steve

  Consider the function, add a b = a + b This works: *Main> add 1 2 3 However, if I add a type signature specifying that I want to add things of the same type: add :: a -> a -> a add a b = a + b I get an error: test.hs:3:10: Could not deduce (Num a) from the context () arising from a use of `+' at test.hs:3:10-14 Possible fix: add (Num a) to the context of the type signature for `add' In the expression: a + b In the definition of `add': add a b = a + b So GHC clearly can deduce that I need the Num type constraint, since it just told me: add :: Num a => a -> a -> a add a b = a + b Works. Why does GHC require me to add the type constraint? If I'm doing generic programming, why can't it just work for anything that knows how to use the + operator? In C++ template programming, you can do this easily: #include <string> #include <cstdio> using namespace std; template<typename T> T add(T a, T b) { return a + b; } int main() { printf("%d, %f, %s\n", add(1, 2), add(1.0, 3.4), add(string("foo"), string("bar")).c_str()); return 0; } The compiler figures out the types of the arguments to add and generates a version of the function for that type. There seems to be a fundamental difference in Haskell's approach, can you describe it, and discuss the trade-offs? It seems to me like it would be resolved if GHC simply filled in the type constraint for me, since it obviously decided it was needed. Still, why the type constraint at all? Why not just compile successfully as long as the function is only used in a valid context where the arguments are in Num? Thank you.

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• A good way to write unit tests

  - by bobobobo

  So, I previously wasn't really in the practice of writing unit tests - now I kind of am and I need to check if I'm on the right track. Say you have a class that deals with math computations. class Vector3 { public: // Yes, public. float x,y,z ; // ... ctors ... } ; Vector3 operator+( const Vector3& a, const Vector3 &b ) { return Vector3( a.x + b.y /* oops!! hence the need for unit testing.. */, a.y + b.y, a.z + b.z ) ; } There are 2 ways I can really think of to do a unit test on a Vector class: 1) Hand-solve some problems, then hard code the numbers into the unit test and pass only if equal to your hand and hard-coded result bool UnitTest_ClassVector3_operatorPlus() { Vector3 a( 2, 3, 4 ) ; Vector3 b( 5, 6, 7 ) ; Vector3 result = a + b ; // "expected" is computed outside of computer, and // hard coded here. For more complicated operations like // arbitrary axis rotation this takes a bit of paperwork, // but only the final result will ever be entered here. Vector3 expected( 7, 9, 11 ) ; if( result.isNear( expected ) ) return PASS ; else return FAIL ; } 2) Rewrite the computation code very carefully inside the unit test. bool UnitTest_ClassVector3_operatorPlus() { Vector3 a( 2, 3, 4 ) ; Vector3 b( 5, 6, 7 ) ; Vector3 result = a + b ; // "expected" is computed HERE. This // means all you've done is coded the // same thing twice, hopefully not having // repeated the same mistake again Vector3 expected( 2 + 5, 6 + 3, 4 + 7 ) ; if( result.isNear( expected ) ) return PASS ; else return FAIL ; } Or is there another way to do something like this?

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• Nested bind expressions

  - by user328543

  This is a followup question to my previous question. #include <functional> int foo(void) {return 2;} class bar { public: int operator() (void) {return 3;}; int something(int a) {return a;}; }; template <class C> auto func(C&& c) -> decltype(c()) { return c(); } template <class C> int doit(C&& c) { return c();} template <class C> void func_wrapper(C&& c) { func( std::bind(doit<C>, std::forward<C>(c)) ); } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { // call with a function pointer func(foo); func_wrapper(foo); // error // call with a member function bar b; func(b); func_wrapper(b); // call with a bind expression func(std::bind(&bar::something, b, 42)); func_wrapper(std::bind(&bar::something, b, 42)); // error // call with a lambda expression func( [](void)->int {return 42;} ); func_wrapper( [](void)->int {return 42;} ); return 0; } I'm getting a compile errors deep in the C++ headers: functional:1137: error: invalid initialization of reference of type ‘int (&)()’ from expression of type ‘int (*)()’ functional:1137: error: conversion from ‘int’ to non-scalar type ‘std::_Bind(bar, int)’ requested func_wrapper(foo) is supposed to execute func(doit(foo)). In the real code it packages the function for a thread to execute. func would the function executed by the other thread, doit sits in between to check for unhandled exceptions and to clean up. But the additional bind in func_wrapper messes things up...

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• Lucene Search Returning Extra, Undesired Records

  - by Brandon

  I have a Lucene index that contains a field called 'Name'. I escape all special characters before inserting a value into my index using QueryParser.Escape(value). In my example I have 2 documents with the following names respectively: Test Test (Test) They get inserted into my index as such (I can confirm this using Luke): [test] [test] [\(test\)] I insert these values as TOKENIZED and using the StandardAnalyzer. When I perform a search, I use the QueryParser.Escape(searchString) against my search string input to escape special characters and then use the QueryParser with my 'Name' field and the StandardAnalyzer to perform my search. When I perform a search for 'Test', I get back both documents in my index (as expected). However, when I perform a search for 'Test (Test)', I am getting back both documents still. I realize that in both examples it matches on the 'test' term in the index, but I am confused in my 2nd example why it would not just pull back the document with the value of 'Test (Test)' because my search should create two terms: [test] and [\(test\)] I would imagine it would perform some sort of boolean operator where BOTH terms must match in that situation so I would get back just one record. Is there something I am missing or a trick to make the search behave as desired?

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• Can't see anything wrong with simple code

  - by melee

  Here is my implementation file: using namespace std; #include <iostream> #include <iomanip> #include <string> #include <stack> //line 5 #include "proj05.canvas.h" //----------------Constructor----------------// Canvas::Canvas() //line 10 { Title = ""; Nrow = 0; Ncol = 0; image[][]; // line 15 PixelCoordinates.r = 0; PixelCoordinates.c = 0; } //-------------------Paint------------------// line 20 void Canvas::Paint(int R, int C, char Color) { cout << "Paint to be implemented" << endl; } The errors I'm getting are these: proj05.canvas.cpp: In function 'std::istream& operator>>(std::istream&, Canvas&)': proj05.canvas.cpp:11: error: expected `;' before '{' token proj05.canvas.cpp:22: error: a function-definition is not allowed here before '{' token proj05.canvas.cpp:24: error: expected `}' at end of input proj05.canvas.cpp:24: error: expected `}' at end of input These seem like simple syntax errors, but I am not sure what's wrong. Could someone decode these for me? I'd really appreciate it, thanks for your time!

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• When to use pointer to a class and when to just instantiate it as a variable

  - by Enders

  Im sort of confused by it. The best I could find was reading through the cplusplus.com tutorial and all they have to say about pointers to classes. "It is perfectly valid to create pointers that point to classes. We simply have to consider that once declared, a class becomes a valid type, so we can use the class name as the type for the pointer" Which tells me nothing about when to use them over the normal instantiation. I've seen the - operator many times, and looked at some codes but cant really decipher why they did it. Generic examples will be appreciated; but more specifically related to gui programming. Its where I encountered it first. QGridLayout *mainLayout = new QGridLayout; mainLayout->addWidget(nameLabel, 0, 0); mainLayout->addWidget(nameLine, 0, 1); mainLayout->addWidget(addressLabel, 1, 0, Qt::AlignTop); mainLayout->addWidget(addressText, 1, 1); Why not QGridLayout mainLayout mainLayout.addWidget ... (It doesnt compile if I change the sample code to that and try it but you get the point) Thanks in advance

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• C++ Template Iterator error

  - by gprime

  I am going over some code i wrote in 2006 as an undergrad. It's a simple genetic algorithm library written in C++ using templates. It use to work in 2006 when i coded it with visual studio, but now when i am trying to run it in xcode i get compile errors. This function is giving me errors: friend bool operator==(const TSPGenome<T> & t1, const TSPGenome<T> & t2) { // loop through each interator and check to see if the two genomes have the same values if(t1.genome_vec->size() != t2.genome_vec->size()) return false; else { // iterate through each vector<T>::iterator it_t1; vector<T>::iterator it_t2; it_t1 = t1.genome_vec->begin(); for(it_t2 = t2.genome_vec->begin(); it_t2 != t2.genome_vec->end(); ++it_t2, ++it_t1) { if(*it_t2 != *it_t1) return false; } } // everything seems good return true; } xcode complains about these two lines not having ; before it_t1 and it_t2. vector<T>::iterator it_t1; vector<T>::iterator it_t2; Is it because the vector type it T? I declared it in the class as follows: template <typename T> class TSPGenome : public Genome { Any help would be appreciated. Thanks!

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