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  • SQL SERVER – Quiz and Video – Introduction to Basics of a Query Hint

    - by pinaldave
    This blog post is inspired from SQL Architecture Basics Joes 2 Pros: Core Architecture concepts – SQL Exam Prep Series 70-433 – Volume 3. [Amazon] | [Flipkart] | [Kindle] | [IndiaPlaza] This is follow up blog post of my earlier blog post on the same subject - SQL SERVER – Introduction to Basics of a Query Hint – A Primer. In the article we discussed various basics terminology of the query hints. The article further covers following important concepts of query hints. Expecting Seek and getting a Scan Creating an index for improved optimization Implementing the query hint Above three are the most important concepts related to query hint and SQL Server.  There are many more things one has to learn but without beginners fundamentals one can’t learn the advanced  concepts. Let us have small quiz and check how many of you get the fundamentals right. Quiz 1) You have the following query: DECLARE @UlaChoice TinyInt SET @Type = 1 SELECT * FROM LegalActivity WHERE UlaChoice = @UlaChoice You have a nonclustered index named IX_Legal_Ula on the UlaChoice field. The Primary key is on the ID field and called PK_Legal_ID 99% of the time the value of the @UlaChoice is set to ‘YP101′. What query will achieve the best optimization for this query? SELECT * FROM LegalActivity WHERE UlaChoice = @UlaChoice WITH(INDEX(X_Legal_Ula)) SELECT * FROM LegalActivity WHERE UlaChoice = @UlaChoice WITH(INDEX(PK_Legal_ID)) SELECT * FROM LegalActivity WHERE UlaChoice = @UlaChoice OPTION (Optimize FOR(@UlaChoice = ‘YP101′)) 2) You have the following query: SELECT * FROM CurrentProducts WHERE ShortName = ‘Yoga Trip’ You have a nonclustered index on the ShortName field and the query runs an efficient index seek. You change your query to use a variable for ShortName and now you are using a slow index scan. What query hint can you use to get the same execution time as before? WITH LOCK FAST OPTIMIZE FOR MAXDOP READONLY Now make sure that you write down all the answers on the piece of paper. Watch following video and read earlier article over here. If you want to change the answer you still have chance. Solution 1) 3 2) 4 Now compare let us check the answers and compare your answers to following answers. I am very confident you will get them correct. Available at USA: Amazon India: Flipkart | IndiaPlaza Volume: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Please leave your feedback in the comment area for the quiz and video. Did you know all the answers of the quiz? Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Joes 2 Pros, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • Reading email address from contacts fails with weird memory issue - Solved

    - by CapsicumDreams
    Hi all, I'm stumped. I'm trying to get a list of all the email address a person has. I'm using the ABPeoplePickerNavigationController to select the person, which all seems fine. I'm setting my ABRecordRef personDealingWith; from the person argument to - (BOOL)peoplePickerNavigationController:(ABPeoplePickerNavigationController *)peoplePicker shouldContinueAfterSelectingPerson:(ABRecordRef)person property:(ABPropertyID)property identifier:(ABMultiValueIdentifier)identifier { and everything seems fine up till this point. The first time the following code executes, all is well. When subsequently run, I can get issues. First, the code: // following line seems to make the difference (issue 1) // NSLog(@"%d", ABMultiValueGetCount(ABRecordCopyValue(personDealingWith, kABPersonEmailProperty))); // construct array of emails ABMultiValueRef multi = ABRecordCopyValue(personDealingWith, kABPersonEmailProperty); CFIndex emailCount = ABMultiValueGetCount(multi); if (emailCount > 0) { // collect all emails in array for (CFIndex i = 0; i < emailCount; i++) { CFStringRef emailRef = ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(multi, i); [emailArray addObject:(NSString *)emailRef]; CFRelease(emailRef); } } // following line also matters (issue 2) CFRelease(multi); If compiled as written, the are no errors or static analysis problems. This crashes with a *** -[Not A Type retain]: message sent to deallocated instance 0x4e9dc60 error. But wait, there's more! I can fix it in either of two ways. Firstly, I can uncomment the NSLog at the top of the function. I get a leak from the NSLog's ABRecordCopyValue every time through, but the code seems to run fine. Also, I can comment out the CFRelease(multi); at the end, which does exactly the same thing. Static compilation errors, but running code. So without a leak, this function crashes. To prevent a crash, I need to haemorrhage memory. Neither is a great solution. Can anyone point out what's going on? Solution: It turned out that I wasn't storing the ABRecordRef personDealingWith var correctly. I'm still not sure how to do that properly, but instead of having the functionality in another routine (performed later), I'm now doing the grunt-work in the delegate method, and using the derived results at my leisure. The new (working) routine: - (BOOL)peoplePickerNavigationController:(ABPeoplePickerNavigationController *)peoplePicker shouldContinueAfterSelectingPerson:(ABRecordRef)person { // as soon as they select someone, return personDealingWithFullName = (NSString *)ABRecordCopyCompositeName(person); personDealingWithFirstName = (NSString *)ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonFirstNameProperty); // construct array of emails [personDealingWithEmails removeAllObjects]; ABMutableMultiValueRef multi = ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonEmailProperty); if (ABMultiValueGetCount(multi) > 0) { // collect all emails in array for (CFIndex i = 0; i < ABMultiValueGetCount(multi); i++) { CFStringRef emailRef = ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(multi, i); [personDealingWithEmails addObject:(NSString *)emailRef]; CFRelease(emailRef); } } CFRelease(multi); return NO; }

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  • Parallelism implies concurrency but not the other way round right?

    - by Cedric Martin
    I often read that parallelism and concurrency are different things. Very often the answerers/commenters go as far as writing that they're two entirely different things. Yet in my view they're related but I'd like some clarification on that. For example if I'm on a multi-core CPU and manage to divide the computation into x smaller computation (say using fork/join) each running in its own thread, I'll have a program that is both doing parallel computation (because supposedly at any point in time several threads are going to run on several cores) and being concurrent right? While if I'm simply using, say, Java and dealing with UI events and repaints on the Event Dispatch Thread plus running the only thread I created myself, I'll have a program that is concurrent (EDT + GC thread + my main thread etc.) but not parallel. I'd like to know if I'm getting this right and if parallelism (on a "single but multi-cores" system) always implies concurrency or not? Also, are multi-threaded programs running on multi-cores CPU but where the different threads are doing totally different computation considered to be using "parallelism"?

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  • Calendar event problems

    - by Marin
    Goodmorning everybody! Can you please help me? I have a problem with this part of the script: $output = cal_top(); switch($action){ case "add": include("includes/event.php"); $output .= cal_event_form('add'); break; case "delete": include("includes/delete.php"); include('includes/viewdate.php'); $del_error = cal_del(); if($del_error!="") $output .= "<center><span class='failure'>$del_error</span></center><br>"; $output .= cal_display(); break; case "modify": include("includes/event.php"); $output .= cal_event_form('modify'); break; case "viewdate": include("includes/viewdate.php"); $output .= cal_display(); break; case "viewevent": include("includes/viewevent.php"); $output .= cal_display(); break; case "search": include("includes/search.php"); $output .= cal_search_form(); break; case "submitevent": include('includes/eventsub.php'); include('includes/viewdate.php'); $sub_error = cal_submit_event(); if($sub_error!="") $output .= "<center><span class='failure'>$sub_error</span></center><br>"; $output .= cal_display(); $_SESSION['cal_action'] = "viewdate"; break; case "admin": include('includes/admin.php'); $output .= cal_adminsection(); break; case "login": $_SESSION['cal_noautologin'] = 1; include('includes/login.php'); $output .= cal_login_page(); break; case "logout": cal_logout(); $_SESSION['cal_noautologin'] = 1; cal_clear_permissions(); cal_load_permissions(); It shows me this errors: Notice: Undefined variable: action in C:\wamp\www\ReeceCalendar_0.9\cal\index.php on line 145 Notice: Undefined variable: action in C:\wamp\www\ReeceCalendar_0.9\cal\index.php on line 149 Notice: Undefined variable: action in C:\wamp\www\ReeceCalendar_0.9\cal\index.php on line 156 Notice: Undefined variable: action in C:\wamp\www\ReeceCalendar_0.9\cal\index.php on line 160 Notice: Undefined variable: action in C:\wamp\www\ReeceCalendar_0.9\cal\index.php on line 164 Notice: Undefined variable: action in C:\wamp\www\ReeceCalendar_0.9\cal\index.php on line 168 Notice: Undefined variable: action in C:\wamp\www\ReeceCalendar_0.9\cal\index.php on line 172 Notice: Undefined variable: action in C:\wamp\www\ReeceCalendar_0.9\cal\index.php on line 180 Notice: Undefined variable: action in C:\wamp\www\ReeceCalendar_0.9\cal\index.php on line 184 Notice: Undefined variable: action in C:\wamp\www\ReeceCalendar_0.9\cal\index.php on line 189 Your help could be very helpful for me!Please Help me;)Thank you.

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  • What is wrong with my .Htaccess file? I'm trying to redirect permanently my whole site to the index.

    - by SocialAddict
    This is giving me a 500 internal server error. Any suggestions? I have tried various examples but I think I'm missing something... RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{request_uri}!^/index\.htm RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.thedomain.co.uk [R=permanent,L] It displays the homepage if I navigate there but anything that meets the conditions (all appart from index.htm gives the server 500)

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  • zabbix monitoring mysql database

    - by krisdigitx
    I have a server running multiple instances of mysql and also has the zabbix-agent running. In zabbix_agentd.conf i have specified: UserParameter=multi.mysql[*],mysqladmin --socket=$1 -uzabbixagent extended-status 2>/dev/null | awk '/ $3 /{print $$4}' where $1 is the socket instance. From the zabbix server i can run the test successfully. zabbix_get -s ip_of_server -k multi.mysql[/var/lib/mysql/mysql2.sock] and it returns all the values However the zabbix item/trigger does not generate the graphs, I have created a MACRO for $1 which is the socket location {$MYSQL_SOCKET1} = '/var/lib/mysql/mysql2.sock' and i use this key in items to poll the value multi.mysql[{$MYSQL_SOCKET1},Bytes_sent] LOGS: this is what i get on the logs: 3360:20120214:144716.278 item [multi.mysql['/var/lib/mysql/mysql2.sock',Bytes_received]] error: Special characters '\'"`*?[]{}~$!&;()<>|#@' are not allowed in the parameters 3360:20120214:144716.372 item [multi.mysql['/var/lib/mysql/mysql2.sock',Bytes_sent]] error: Special characters '\'"`*?[]{}~$!&;()<>|#@' are not allowed in the parameters Any ideas where the problem could be? FIXED {$MYSQL_SOCKET1} = /var/lib/mysql/mysql2.sock i removed the single quotes from the line and it worked...

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  • crazy asp.net error

    - by dominic
    Hi I am having a problem debugging an issue on a website. Everything works locally, the local and server databases are the same The strange thing about the error is that it points to my local dev machine in the error stack. Is that crazy or what, The files are published and being hosted on a server machine and the error is pointing to a line of code on my local dev box. I feel like I am losing the plot. Can someone pls help be clear the air here because this is very weird Error in '/' Application. Index was out of range. Must be non-negative and less than the size of the collection. Parameter name: index Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code. Exception Details: System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException: Index was out of range. Must be non-negative and less than the size of the collection. Parameter name: index Source Error: An unhandled exception was generated during the execution of the current web request. Information regarding the origin and location of the exception can be identified using the exception stack trace below. Stack Trace: [ArgumentOutOfRangeException: Index was out of range. Must be non-negative and less than the size of the collection. Parameter name: index] System.Collections.ArrayList.get_Item(Int32 index) +10066148 System.Collections.Specialized.NameObjectCollectionBase.BaseGet(Int32 index) +17 System.Web.HttpFileCollection.get_Item(Int32 index) +9 System.Web.HttpFileCollectionWrapper.get_Item(Int32 index) +18 PitchPortal.Web.Binders.DocumentModelBinder.ValidateAndAssignPostedFile(ControllerContext controllerContext, ModelBindingContext bindingContext, Document doc) in C:\Users\Bich Vu\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\PitchPortal\PitchPortal.Web\Binders\DocumentModelBinder.cs:73 PitchPortal.Web.Binders.DocumentModelBinder.BindModel(ControllerContext controllerContext, ModelBindingContext bindingContext) in C:\Users\Bich Vu\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\PitchPortal\PitchPortal.Web\Binders\DocumentModelBinder.cs:45 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.GetParameterValue(ControllerContext controllerContext, ParameterDescriptor parameterDescriptor) +404 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.GetParameterValues(ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionDescriptor actionDescriptor) +140 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeAction(ControllerContext controllerContext, String actionName) +658084 System.Web.Mvc.Controller.ExecuteCore() +125 System.Web.Mvc.<c_DisplayClass8.b_4() +48 System.Web.Mvc.Async.<c_DisplayClass1.b_0() +21 System.Web.Mvc.Async.<c__DisplayClass81.<BeginSynchronous>b__7(IAsyncResult _) +15 System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResult1.End() +85 System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +51 System.Web.CallHandlerExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() +454 System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) +263

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  • how do i scroll through 100 photos in UIScrollView in IPhone

    - by mwangima
    I'm trying to scroll through images being downloaded from a users online album (like in the facebook iphone app) since i can't load all images into memory, i'm loading 3 at a time (prev,current & next). then removing image(prev-1) & image (next +1) from the uiscroller subviews. my logic works fine in the simulator but fails in the device with this error: [CALayer retain]: message sent to deallocated instance what could be the problem below is my code sample - (void)scrollViewDidEndDecelerating:(UIScrollView *)_scrollView { pageControlIsChangingPage = NO; CGFloat pageWidth = _scrollView.frame.size.width; int page = floor((_scrollView.contentOffset.x - pageWidth / 2) / pageWidth) + 1; if (page1 && page<=(pageControl.numberOfPages-3)) { [self removeThisView:(page-2)]; [self removeThisView:(page+2)]; } if(page0) { NSLog(@"<< PREVIOUS"); [self showPhoto:(page-1)]; } [self showPhoto:page]; if(page<(pageControl.numberOfPages-1)) { //NSLog(@"NEXT "); [self showPhoto:page+1]; NSLog(@"FINISHED LOADING NEXT "); } } -(void) showPhoto:(NSInteger)index { CGFloat cx = scrollView.frame.size.width*index; CGFloat cy = 40; CGRect rect=CGRectMake( 0, 0,320, 480); rect.origin.x = cx; rect.origin.y = cy; AsyncImageView* asyncImage = [[AsyncImageView alloc] initWithFrame:rect]; asyncImage.tag = 999; NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:[pics objectAtIndex:index]]; [asyncImage loadImageFromURL:url place:CGRectMake(150, 190, 30, 30) member:memberid isSlide:@"Yes" picId:[picsIds objectAtIndex:index]]; [scrollView addSubview:asyncImage]; [asyncImage release]; } -(void) removeThisView:(NSInteger)index { if(index<[[scrollView subviews] count] && [[scrollView subviews] objectAtIndex:index]!=nil){ if ([[[scrollView subviews] objectAtIndex:index] isKindOfClass:[AsyncImageView class]] || [[[scrollView subviews] objectAtIndex:index] isKindOfClass:[UIImageView class]]) { [[[scrollView subviews] objectAtIndex:index] removeFromSuperview]; } } } For the record it works OK in the simulator, but not the iphone device itself. any ideas will be appreciated. cheers, fred.

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  • Making a rewriterule remove .php extension?

    - by Sam
    Hello, I have come up with a rewriterule to to go to any page on my website without typing in the .php extension because it is automatically added to the url. The rule is: RewriteRule ^(\w+)/?$ /$1.php It takes anything you type in my index and adds .php to it, so you can put in http://sampardee.com/index and it pulls up index.php Now my question is how to detect when a user enters http://sampardee.com/index.php and change it to http://sampardee.com/index How could I do so with a rewriterule?

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  • Removing entry from table

    - by Bnhjhvbq7
    Can't remove an entry from table. here's my code dropItem = dropList[ math.random( #dropList ) ] dropSomething[brick.index] = crackSheet:grabSprite(dropItem, true) dropSomething[brick.index].x = brick.x dropSomething[brick.index].y = brick.y dropSomething[brick.index].name = dropItem dropSomething[brick.index].type = "dropppedItems" collision function bounce(event) local item = event.other if item.type == "dropppedItems" then if item.name == "bomb" then Lives = Lives - 1 LivesNum.text = tostring(Lives) end item:removeSelf(); end end What I've tried: item:removeSelf(); - removes the whole table item = nil - seams to do nothing, the object continue to move and i still see the image

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  • Why is my List.Sort method in C# reversing the order of my list?

    - by Fiona Holder
    I have a list of items in a generic list: A1 (sort index 1) A2 (sort index 2) B1 (sort index 3) B2 (sort index 3) B3 (sort index 3) The comparator on them takes the form: this.sortIndex.CompareTo(other.sortIndex) When I do a List.Sort() on the list of items, I get the following order out: A1 A2 B3 B2 B1 It has obviously worked in the sense that the sort indexes are in the right order, but I really don't want it to be re-ordering the 'B' items. Is there any tweak I can make to my comparator to fix this?

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  • Configuring MySQL Cluster Data Nodes

    - by Mat Keep
    0 0 1 692 3948 Homework 32 9 4631 14.0 Normal 0 false false false EN-US JA X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;} In my previous blog post, I discussed the enhanced performance and scalability delivered by extensions to the multi-threaded data nodes in MySQL Cluster 7.2. In this post, I’ll share best practices on the configuration of data nodes to achieve optimum performance on the latest generations of multi-core, multi-thread CPU designs. Configuring the Data Nodes The configuration of data node threads can be managed in two ways via the config.ini file: - Simply set MaxNoOfExecutionThreads to the appropriate number of threads to be run in the data node, based on the number of threads presented by the processors used in the host or VM. - Use the new ThreadConfig variable that enables users to configure both the number of each thread type to use and also which CPUs to bind them too. The flexible configuration afforded by the multi-threaded data node enhancements means that it is possible to optimise data nodes to use anything from a single CPU/thread up to a 48 CPU/thread server. Co-locating the MySQL Server with a single data node can fully utilize servers with 64 – 80 CPU/threads. It is also possible to co-locate multiple data nodes per server, but this is now only required for very large servers with 4+ CPU sockets dense multi-core processors. 24 Threads and Beyond! An example of how to make best use of a 24 CPU/thread server box is to configure the following: - 8 ldm threads - 4 tc threads - 3 recv threads - 3 send threads - 1 rep thread for asynchronous replication. Each of those threads should be bound to a CPU. It is possible to bind the main thread (schema management domain) and the IO threads to the same CPU in most installations. In the configuration above, we have bound threads to 20 different CPUs. We should also protect these 20 CPUs from interrupts by using the IRQBALANCE_BANNED_CPUS configuration variable in /etc/sysconfig/irqbalance and setting it to 0x0FFFFF. The reason for doing this is that MySQL Cluster generates a lot of interrupt and OS kernel processing, and so it is recommended to separate activity across CPUs to ensure conflicts with the MySQL Cluster threads are eliminated. When booting a Linux kernel it is also possible to provide an option isolcpus=0-19 in grub.conf. The result is that the Linux scheduler won't use these CPUs for any task. Only by using CPU affinity syscalls can a process be made to run on those CPUs. By using this approach, together with binding MySQL Cluster threads to specific CPUs and banning CPUs IRQ processing on these tasks, a very stable performance environment is created for a MySQL Cluster data node. On a 32 CPU/Thread server: - Increase the number of ldm threads to 12 - Increase tc threads to 6 - Provide 2 more CPUs for the OS and interrupts. - The number of send and receive threads should, in most cases, still be sufficient. On a 40 CPU/Thread server, increase ldm threads to 16, tc threads to 8 and increment send and receive threads to 4. On a 48 CPU/Thread server it is possible to optimize further by using: - 12 tc threads - 2 more CPUs for the OS and interrupts - Avoid using IO threads and main thread on same CPU - Add 1 more receive thread. Summary As both this and the previous post seek to demonstrate, the multi-threaded data node extensions not only serve to increase performance of MySQL Cluster, they also enable users to achieve significantly improved levels of utilization from current and future generations of massively multi-core, multi-thread processor designs. A big thanks to Mikael Ronstrom, Senior MySQL Architect at Oracle, for his work in developing these enhancements and best practices. You can download MySQL Cluster 7.2 today and try out all of these enhancements. The Getting Started guides are an invaluable aid to quickly building a Proof of Concept Don’t forget to check out the MySQL Cluster 7.2 New Features whitepaper to discover everything that is new in the latest GA release

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  • Url mod_rewrite for static chained pages

    - by user1121487
    How can I achieve this with mod_rewrite? from: .com/index.php?menu=home to: .com/home AND from: .com/index.php?menu=home&list=hello to: .com/home/hello ALSO (without the folder hierarki) from: .com/index.php?menu=home&list=hello to: .com/hello I'm using this for the first one: RewriteRule ^([^/\.]+)/?$ index.php?menu=$1 [L] But how to I connect them if there are multiple variables? Tried this: RewriteRule ^([^/]*)/([^/]*)?$ index.php?home=$1&list=$2

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  • Can i get RSpec to generate specs with expect syntax?

    - by papirtiger
    When generating specs with : rails g controller Home index A spec is generated with the older object.should syntax require 'spec_helper' describe HomeController do describe "GET 'index'" do it "returns http success" do get 'index' response.should be_success end end end Is it possible to configure the generator to use the expect syntax instead? Desired output: require 'spec_helper' describe HomeController do describe "GET 'index'" do it "returns http success" do get 'index' expect(response).to be_success end end end in config/application.rb: config.generators do |g| g.test_framework :rspec, fixture: true g.fixture_replacement :factory_girl, dir: 'spec/factories' g.view_specs false g.stylesheets = false g.javascripts = false end

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  • nginx rewrite question

    - by emacsian
    I have the following rewrite rule rewrite ^/ab(.*)/(.*)$ /repo/ab$1/rtest/$2 break; When the request file is /abname/index.php it gets rewritten to /abname/rtest/index.php But if the request is of the form /abname/dir1/index.php it gets rewritten as /abname/dir1/rtest/index.php but I would want it to be rewritten as /abname/rtest/dir1/index.php How do I write the rule ?

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  • How to expire a caches_action with a cache_path?

    - by fstephany
    I'm caching an index action with the following: caches_action :index, :cache_path => Proc.new { |c| c.params } expire_action :action => :index The expire_action seems to only expire the index action without any parameters. How can I expire all the caches_action related to index ? (it is a Rails 2.3.5 application)

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  • Understanding Request Validation in ASP.NET MVC 3

    - by imran_ku07
         Introduction:             A fact that you must always remember "never ever trust user inputs". An application that trusts user inputs may be easily vulnerable to XSS, XSRF, SQL Injection, etc attacks. XSS and XSRF are very dangerous attacks. So to mitigate these attacks ASP.NET introduced request validation in ASP.NET 1.1. During request validation, ASP.NET will throw HttpRequestValidationException: 'A potentially dangerous XXX value was detected from the client', if he found, < followed by an exclamation(like <!) or < followed by the letters a through z(like <s) or & followed by a pound sign(like &#123) as a part of query string, posted form and cookie collection. In ASP.NET 4.0, request validation becomes extensible. This means that you can extend request validation. Also in ASP.NET 4.0, by default request validation is enabled before the BeginRequest phase of an HTTP request. ASP.NET MVC 3 moves one step further by making request validation granular. This allows you to disable request validation for some properties of a model while maintaining request validation for all other cases. In this article I will show you the use of request validation in ASP.NET MVC 3. Then I will briefly explain the internal working of granular request validation.       Description:             First of all create a new ASP.NET MVC 3 application. Then create a simple model class called MyModel,     public class MyModel { public string Prop1 { get; set; } public string Prop2 { get; set; } }             Then just update the index action method as follows,   public ActionResult Index(MyModel p) { return View(); }             Now just run this application. You will find that everything works just fine. Now just append this query string ?Prop1=<s to the url of this application, you will get the HttpRequestValidationException exception.           Now just decorate the Index action method with [ValidateInputAttribute(false)],   [ValidateInput(false)] public ActionResult Index(MyModel p) { return View(); }             Run this application again with same query string. You will find that your application run without any unhandled exception.           Up to now, there is nothing new in ASP.NET MVC 3 because ValidateInputAttribute was present in the previous versions of ASP.NET MVC. Any problem with this approach? Yes there is a problem with this approach. The problem is that now users can send html for both Prop1 and Prop2 properties and a lot of developers are not aware of it. This means that now everyone can send html with both parameters(e.g, ?Prop1=<s&Prop2=<s). So ValidateInput attribute does not gives you the guarantee that your application is safe to XSS or XSRF. This is the reason why ASP.NET MVC team introduced granular request validation in ASP.NET MVC 3. Let's see this feature.           Remove [ValidateInputAttribute(false)] on Index action and update MyModel class as follows,   public class MyModel { [AllowHtml] public string Prop1 { get; set; } public string Prop2 { get; set; } }             Note that AllowHtml attribute is only decorated on Prop1 property. Run this application again with ?Prop1=<s query string. You will find that your application run just fine. Run this application again with ?Prop1=<s&Prop2=<s query string, you will get HttpRequestValidationException exception. This shows that the granular request validation in ASP.NET MVC 3 only allows users to send html for properties decorated with AllowHtml attribute.            Sometimes you may need to access Request.QueryString or Request.Form directly. You may change your code as follows,   [ValidateInput(false)] public ActionResult Index() { var prop1 = Request.QueryString["Prop1"]; return View(); }             Run this application again, you will get the HttpRequestValidationException exception again even you have [ValidateInput(false)] on your Index action. The reason is that Request flags are still not set to unvalidate. I will explain this later. For making this work you need to use Unvalidated extension method,     public ActionResult Index() { var q = Request.Unvalidated().QueryString; var prop1 = q["Prop1"]; return View(); }             Unvalidated extension method is defined in System.Web.Helpers namespace . So you need to add using System.Web.Helpers; in this class file. Run this application again, your application run just fine.             There you have it. If you are not curious to know the internal working of granular request validation then you can skip next paragraphs completely. If you are interested then carry on reading.             Create a new ASP.NET MVC 2 application, then open global.asax.cs file and the following lines,     protected void Application_BeginRequest() { var q = Request.QueryString; }             Then make the Index action method as,    [ValidateInput(false)] public ActionResult Index(string id) { return View(); }             Please note that the Index action method contains a parameter and this action method is decorated with [ValidateInput(false)]. Run this application again, but now with ?id=<s query string, you will get HttpRequestValidationException exception at Application_BeginRequest method. Now just add the following entry in web.config,   <httpRuntime requestValidationMode="2.0"/>             Now run this application again. This time your application will run just fine. Now just see the following quote from ASP.NET 4 Breaking Changes,   In ASP.NET 4, by default, request validation is enabled for all requests, because it is enabled before the BeginRequest phase of an HTTP request. As a result, request validation applies to requests for all ASP.NET resources, not just .aspx page requests. This includes requests such as Web service calls and custom HTTP handlers. Request validation is also active when custom HTTP modules are reading the contents of an HTTP request.             This clearly state that request validation is enabled before the BeginRequest phase of an HTTP request. For understanding what does enabled means here, we need to see HttpRequest.ValidateInput, HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form methods/properties in System.Web assembly. Here is the implementation of HttpRequest.ValidateInput, HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form methods/properties in System.Web assembly,     public NameValueCollection Form { get { if (this._form == null) { this._form = new HttpValueCollection(); if (this._wr != null) { this.FillInFormCollection(); } this._form.MakeReadOnly(); } if (this._flags[2]) { this._flags.Clear(2); this.ValidateNameValueCollection(this._form, RequestValidationSource.Form); } return this._form; } } public NameValueCollection QueryString { get { if (this._queryString == null) { this._queryString = new HttpValueCollection(); if (this._wr != null) { this.FillInQueryStringCollection(); } this._queryString.MakeReadOnly(); } if (this._flags[1]) { this._flags.Clear(1); this.ValidateNameValueCollection(this._queryString, RequestValidationSource.QueryString); } return this._queryString; } } public void ValidateInput() { if (!this._flags[0x8000]) { this._flags.Set(0x8000); this._flags.Set(1); this._flags.Set(2); this._flags.Set(4); this._flags.Set(0x40); this._flags.Set(0x80); this._flags.Set(0x100); this._flags.Set(0x200); this._flags.Set(8); } }             The above code indicates that HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form will only validate the querystring and form collection if certain flags are set. These flags are automatically set if you call HttpRequest.ValidateInput method. Now run the above application again(don't forget to append ?id=<s query string in the url) with the same settings(i.e, requestValidationMode="2.0" setting in web.config and Application_BeginRequest method in global.asax.cs), your application will run just fine. Now just update the Application_BeginRequest method as,   protected void Application_BeginRequest() { Request.ValidateInput(); var q = Request.QueryString; }             Note that I am calling Request.ValidateInput method prior to use Request.QueryString property. ValidateInput method will internally set certain flags(discussed above). These flags will then tells the Request.QueryString (and Request.Form) property that validate the query string(or form) when user call Request.QueryString(or Request.Form) property. So running this application again with ?id=<s query string will throw HttpRequestValidationException exception. Now I hope it is clear to you that what does requestValidationMode do. It just tells the ASP.NET that not invoke the Request.ValidateInput method internally before the BeginRequest phase of an HTTP request if requestValidationMode is set to a value less than 4.0 in web.config. Here is the implementation of HttpRequest.ValidateInputIfRequiredByConfig method which will prove this statement(Don't be confused with HttpRequest and Request. Request is the property of HttpRequest class),    internal void ValidateInputIfRequiredByConfig() { ............................................................... ............................................................... ............................................................... ............................................................... if (httpRuntime.RequestValidationMode >= VersionUtil.Framework40) { this.ValidateInput(); } }              Hopefully the above discussion will clear you how requestValidationMode works in ASP.NET 4. It is also interesting to note that both HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form only throws the exception when you access them first time. Any subsequent access to HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form will not throw any exception. Continuing with the above example, just update Application_BeginRequest method in global.asax.cs file as,   protected void Application_BeginRequest() { try { var q = Request.QueryString; var f = Request.Form; } catch//swallow this exception { } var q1 = Request.QueryString; var f1 = Request.Form; }             Without setting requestValidationMode to 2.0 and without decorating ValidateInput attribute on Index action, your application will work just fine because both HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form will clear their flags after reading HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form for the first time(see the implementation of HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form above).           Now let's see ASP.NET MVC 3 granular request validation internal working. First of all we need to see type of HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form properties. Both HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form properties are of type NameValueCollection which is inherited from the NameObjectCollectionBase class. NameObjectCollectionBase class contains _entriesArray, _entriesTable, NameObjectEntry.Key and NameObjectEntry.Value fields which granular request validation uses internally. In addition granular request validation also uses _queryString, _form and _flags fields, ValidateString method and the Indexer of HttpRequest class. Let's see when and how granular request validation uses these fields.           Create a new ASP.NET MVC 3 application. Then put a breakpoint at Application_BeginRequest method and another breakpoint at HomeController.Index method. Now just run this application. When the break point inside Application_BeginRequest method hits then add the following expression in quick watch window, System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString. You will see the following screen,                                              Now Press F5 so that the second breakpoint inside HomeController.Index method hits. When the second breakpoint hits then add the following expression in quick watch window again, System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString. You will see the following screen,                            First screen shows that _entriesTable field is of type System.Collections.Hashtable and _entriesArray field is of type System.Collections.ArrayList during the BeginRequest phase of the HTTP request. While the second screen shows that _entriesTable type is changed to Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure.DynamicValidationHelper.LazilyValidatingHashtable and _entriesArray type is changed to Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure.DynamicValidationHelper.LazilyValidatingArrayList during executing the Index action method. In addition to these members, ASP.NET MVC 3 also perform some operation on _flags, _form, _queryString and other members of HttpRuntime class internally. This shows that ASP.NET MVC 3 performing some operation on the members of HttpRequest class for making granular request validation possible.           Both LazilyValidatingArrayList and LazilyValidatingHashtable classes are defined in the Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure assembly. You may wonder why their name starts with Lazily. The fact is that now with ASP.NET MVC 3, request validation will be performed lazily. In simple words, Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure assembly is now taking the responsibility for request validation from System.Web assembly. See the below screens. The first screen depicting HttpRequestValidationException exception in ASP.NET MVC 2 application while the second screen showing HttpRequestValidationException exception in ASP.NET MVC 3 application.   In MVC 2:                 In MVC 3:                          The stack trace of the second screenshot shows that Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure assembly (instead of System.Web assembly) is now performing request validation in ASP.NET MVC 3. Now you may ask: where Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure assembly is performing some operation on the members of HttpRequest class. There are at least two places where the Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure assembly performing some operation , Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure.DynamicValidationHelper.GranularValidationReflectionUtil.GetInstance method and Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure.DynamicValidationHelper.ValidationUtility.CollectionReplacer.ReplaceCollection method, Here is the implementation of these methods,   private static GranularValidationReflectionUtil GetInstance() { try { if (DynamicValidationShimReflectionUtil.Instance != null) { return null; } GranularValidationReflectionUtil util = new GranularValidationReflectionUtil(); Type containingType = typeof(NameObjectCollectionBase); string fieldName = "_entriesArray"; bool isStatic = false; Type fieldType = typeof(ArrayList); FieldInfo fieldInfo = CommonReflectionUtil.FindField(containingType, fieldName, isStatic, fieldType); util._del_get_NameObjectCollectionBase_entriesArray = MakeFieldGetterFunc<NameObjectCollectionBase, ArrayList>(fieldInfo); util._del_set_NameObjectCollectionBase_entriesArray = MakeFieldSetterFunc<NameObjectCollectionBase, ArrayList>(fieldInfo); Type type6 = typeof(NameObjectCollectionBase); string str2 = "_entriesTable"; bool flag2 = false; Type type7 = typeof(Hashtable); FieldInfo info2 = CommonReflectionUtil.FindField(type6, str2, flag2, type7); util._del_get_NameObjectCollectionBase_entriesTable = MakeFieldGetterFunc<NameObjectCollectionBase, Hashtable>(info2); util._del_set_NameObjectCollectionBase_entriesTable = MakeFieldSetterFunc<NameObjectCollectionBase, Hashtable>(info2); Type targetType = CommonAssemblies.System.GetType("System.Collections.Specialized.NameObjectCollectionBase+NameObjectEntry"); Type type8 = targetType; string str3 = "Key"; bool flag3 = false; Type type9 = typeof(string); FieldInfo info3 = CommonReflectionUtil.FindField(type8, str3, flag3, type9); util._del_get_NameObjectEntry_Key = MakeFieldGetterFunc<string>(targetType, info3); Type type10 = targetType; string str4 = "Value"; bool flag4 = false; Type type11 = typeof(object); FieldInfo info4 = CommonReflectionUtil.FindField(type10, str4, flag4, type11); util._del_get_NameObjectEntry_Value = MakeFieldGetterFunc<object>(targetType, info4); util._del_set_NameObjectEntry_Value = MakeFieldSetterFunc(targetType, info4); Type type12 = typeof(HttpRequest); string methodName = "ValidateString"; bool flag5 = false; Type[] argumentTypes = new Type[] { typeof(string), typeof(string), typeof(RequestValidationSource) }; Type returnType = typeof(void); MethodInfo methodInfo = CommonReflectionUtil.FindMethod(type12, methodName, flag5, argumentTypes, returnType); util._del_validateStringCallback = CommonReflectionUtil.MakeFastCreateDelegate<HttpRequest, ValidateStringCallback>(methodInfo); Type type = CommonAssemblies.SystemWeb.GetType("System.Web.HttpValueCollection"); util._del_HttpValueCollection_ctor = CommonReflectionUtil.MakeFastNewObject<Func<NameValueCollection>>(type); Type type14 = typeof(HttpRequest); string str6 = "_form"; bool flag6 = false; Type type15 = type; FieldInfo info6 = CommonReflectionUtil.FindField(type14, str6, flag6, type15); util._del_get_HttpRequest_form = MakeFieldGetterFunc<HttpRequest, NameValueCollection>(info6); util._del_set_HttpRequest_form = MakeFieldSetterFunc(typeof(HttpRequest), info6); Type type16 = typeof(HttpRequest); string str7 = "_queryString"; bool flag7 = false; Type type17 = type; FieldInfo info7 = CommonReflectionUtil.FindField(type16, str7, flag7, type17); util._del_get_HttpRequest_queryString = MakeFieldGetterFunc<HttpRequest, NameValueCollection>(info7); util._del_set_HttpRequest_queryString = MakeFieldSetterFunc(typeof(HttpRequest), info7); Type type3 = CommonAssemblies.SystemWeb.GetType("System.Web.Util.SimpleBitVector32"); Type type18 = typeof(HttpRequest); string str8 = "_flags"; bool flag8 = false; Type type19 = type3; FieldInfo flagsFieldInfo = CommonReflectionUtil.FindField(type18, str8, flag8, type19); Type type20 = type3; string str9 = "get_Item"; bool flag9 = false; Type[] typeArray4 = new Type[] { typeof(int) }; Type type21 = typeof(bool); MethodInfo itemGetter = CommonReflectionUtil.FindMethod(type20, str9, flag9, typeArray4, type21); Type type22 = type3; string str10 = "set_Item"; bool flag10 = false; Type[] typeArray6 = new Type[] { typeof(int), typeof(bool) }; Type type23 = typeof(void); MethodInfo itemSetter = CommonReflectionUtil.FindMethod(type22, str10, flag10, typeArray6, type23); MakeRequestValidationFlagsAccessors(flagsFieldInfo, itemGetter, itemSetter, out util._del_BitVector32_get_Item, out util._del_BitVector32_set_Item); return util; } catch { return null; } } private static void ReplaceCollection(HttpContext context, FieldAccessor<NameValueCollection> fieldAccessor, Func<NameValueCollection> propertyAccessor, Action<NameValueCollection> storeInUnvalidatedCollection, RequestValidationSource validationSource, ValidationSourceFlag validationSourceFlag) { NameValueCollection originalBackingCollection; ValidateStringCallback validateString; SimpleValidateStringCallback simpleValidateString; Func<NameValueCollection> getActualCollection; Action<NameValueCollection> makeCollectionLazy; HttpRequest request = context.Request; Func<bool> getValidationFlag = delegate { return _reflectionUtil.GetRequestValidationFlag(request, validationSourceFlag); }; Func<bool> func = delegate { return !getValidationFlag(); }; Action<bool> setValidationFlag = delegate (bool value) { _reflectionUtil.SetRequestValidationFlag(request, validationSourceFlag, value); }; if ((fieldAccessor.Value != null) && func()) { storeInUnvalidatedCollection(fieldAccessor.Value); } else { originalBackingCollection = fieldAccessor.Value; validateString = _reflectionUtil.MakeValidateStringCallback(context.Request); simpleValidateString = delegate (string value, string key) { if (((key == null) || !key.StartsWith("__", StringComparison.Ordinal)) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(value)) { validateString(value, key, validationSource); } }; getActualCollection = delegate { fieldAccessor.Value = originalBackingCollection; bool flag = getValidationFlag(); setValidationFlag(false); NameValueCollection col = propertyAccessor(); setValidationFlag(flag); storeInUnvalidatedCollection(new NameValueCollection(col)); return col; }; makeCollectionLazy = delegate (NameValueCollection col) { simpleValidateString(col[null], null); LazilyValidatingArrayList array = new LazilyValidatingArrayList(_reflectionUtil.GetNameObjectCollectionEntriesArray(col), simpleValidateString); _reflectionUtil.SetNameObjectCollectionEntriesArray(col, array); LazilyValidatingHashtable table = new LazilyValidatingHashtable(_reflectionUtil.GetNameObjectCollectionEntriesTable(col), simpleValidateString); _reflectionUtil.SetNameObjectCollectionEntriesTable(col, table); }; Func<bool> hasValidationFired = func; Action disableValidation = delegate { setValidationFlag(false); }; Func<int> fillInActualFormContents = delegate { NameValueCollection values = getActualCollection(); makeCollectionLazy(values); return values.Count; }; DeferredCountArrayList list = new DeferredCountArrayList(hasValidationFired, disableValidation, fillInActualFormContents); NameValueCollection target = _reflectionUtil.NewHttpValueCollection(); _reflectionUtil.SetNameObjectCollectionEntriesArray(target, list); fieldAccessor.Value = target; } }             Hopefully the above code will help you to understand the internal working of granular request validation. It is also important to note that Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure assembly invokes HttpRequest.ValidateInput method internally. For further understanding please see Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure assembly code. Finally you may ask: at which stage ASP NET MVC 3 will invoke these methods. You will find this answer by looking at the following method source,   Unvalidated extension method for HttpRequest class defined in System.Web.Helpers.Validation class. System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.ProcessRequestInit method. System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.ValidateRequest method. System.Web.WebPages.WebPageHttpHandler.ProcessRequestInternal method.       Summary:             ASP.NET helps in preventing XSS attack using a feature called request validation. In this article, I showed you how you can use granular request validation in ASP.NET MVC 3. I explain you the internal working of  granular request validation. Hope you will enjoy this article too.   SyntaxHighlighter.all()

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  • can't access nginx server from IP

    - by EquinoX
    So 2 days ago I can see that page where it saya "Welcome to nginx", however as of now when I tried to access it, it says 404 page not found... Why is this? Inside my sites-enabled folder I have a file named default and it has the following: # You may add here your # server { # ... # } # statements for each of your virtual hosts server { listen 80; server_name 127.0.0.1; access_log /var/log/nginx/localhost.access.log; location / { root /var/www/nginx-default; index index.html index.htm; } location /doc { root /usr/share; autoindex on; allow 127.0.0.1; deny all; } location /images { root /usr/share; autoindex on; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # #error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; #location = /50x.html { # root /var/www/nginx-default; #} # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { #proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/nginx-default$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { #listen 8000; #listen somename:8080; #server_name somename alias another.alias; #location / { #root html; #index index.html index.htm; #} #} # HTTPS server # #server { #listen 443; #server_name localhost; #ssl on; #ssl_certificate cert.pem; #ssl_certificate_key cert.key; #ssl_session_timeout 5m; #ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1; #ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP; #ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; #location / { #root html; #index index.html index.htm; #} #} Here's my nginx.conf file: user www-data; worker_processes 4; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; # multi_accept on; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; tcp_nodelay on; gzip on; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)"; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; } # mail { # # See sample authentication script at: # # http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript # # # auth_http localhost/auth.php; # # pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER"; # # imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS"; # # server { # listen localhost:110; # protocol pop3; # proxy on; # } # # server { # listen localhost:143; # protocol imap; # proxy on; # } # } What am I doing wrong here? I have other virtual host setup in the sites-enabled as well... UPDATE: The server_name directives are: -admin.api.frapi -api.frapi -default -example.com -php.example.com

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  • phpMyAdmin setup issues

    - by EquinoX
    I am trying to follow the tutorial here to setup the user and pass. It says there that "this section is only applicable if your MySQL server is running with --skip-show-database". First question is, how do I check if MySQl server is running with --skip-show-database? Is there any way I can access phpMyAdmin SQL query window without logging in? Otherwise I'd have to execute this SQL from command line. I am also getting this: Cannot load mcrypt extension. Please check your PHP configuration. I have added mcrypt.so to php.ini and doing the following command proves that I have it. [root@DT html]# rpm -qa | grep mcrypt mcrypt-2.6.8-1.el5 php-mcrypt-5.3.5-1.1.w5 libmcrypt-2.5.8-4.el5.centos [root@DT html]# php -v PHP 5.3.5 (cli) (built: Feb 19 2011 13:10:09) Copyright (c) 1997-2010 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.3.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2010 Zend Technologies Now when I go to phpinfo() and search for mcrypt it can find it inside the Configure Command row ('--with-mcrypt=shared,/usr'). So, what to do next?. UPDATE: I didn't put extension=mcrypt.so in php.ini as it will complain the following: PHP Warning: Module 'mcrypt' already loaded in Unknown on line 0 Here's my nginx.conf: #user nobody; worker_processes 2; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; gzip on; server { listen 80; root /usr/share/nginx/html; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { #root html; index index.html index.htm; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { #root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { #root /usr/local/nginx/html; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/nginx/html$fastcgi_script _name; include fastcgi_params; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443; # server_name localhost; # ssl on; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1; # ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} }

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  • Is it possible to shorten my main function in this code?

    - by AjiPorter
    Is it possible for me to shorten my main() by creating a class? If so, what part of my code would most likely be inside the class? Thanks again to those who'll answer. :) #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <string> #include <ctime> #include <cstdlib> #define SIZE 20 using namespace std; struct textFile { string word; struct textFile *next; }; textFile *head, *body, *tail, *temp; int main() { ifstream wordFile("WORDS.txt", ios::in); // file object constructor /* stores words in the file into an array */ string words[SIZE]; char pointer; int i; for(i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) { while(wordFile >> pointer) { if(!isalpha(pointer)) { pointer++; break; } words[i] = words[i] + pointer; } } /* stores the words in the array to a randomized linked list */ srand(time(NULL)); int index[SIZE] = {0}; // temporary array of index that will contain randomized indexes of array words int j = 0, ctr; // assigns indexes to array index while(j < SIZE) { i = rand() % SIZE; ctr = 0; for(int k = 0; k < SIZE; k++) { if(!i) break; else if(i == index[k]) { // checks if the random number has previously been stored as index ctr = 1; break; } } if(!ctr) { index[j] = i; // assigns the random number to the current index of array index j++; } } /* makes sure that there are no double zeros on the array */ ctr = 0; for(i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) { if(!index[i]) ctr++; } if(ctr > 1) { int temp[ctr-1]; for(j = 0; j < ctr-1; j++) { for(i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) { if(!index[i]) { int ctr2 = 0; for(int k = 0; k < ctr-1; k++) { if(i == temp[k]) ctr2 = 1; } if(!ctr2) temp[j] = i; } } } j = ctr - 1; while(j > 0) { i = rand() % SIZE; ctr = 0; for(int k = 0; k < SIZE; k++) { if(!i || i == index[k]) { ctr = 1; break; } } if(!ctr) { index[temp[j-1]] = i; j--; } } } head = tail = body = temp = NULL; for(j = 0; j < SIZE; j++) { body = (textFile*) malloc (sizeof(textFile)); body->word = words[index[j]]; if(head == NULL) { head = tail = body; } else { tail->next = body; tail = body; cout << tail->word << endl; } } temp = head; while(temp != NULL) { cout << temp->word << endl; temp = temp->next; } return 0; }

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  • Hijax == sneaky Javascript redirects? Will I get banned from Google?

    - by Chris Jacob
    Question Will I get penalised as "sneaky Javascript redirects" by Google if I have the following Hijax setup (which requires a JavaScript redirect on the page indexed by google). Goal I want to implement Hijax to enable AJAX content to be accessibile to non-JavaScript users and search engine crawlers. Background I'm working on a static file server (GitHub Pages). No server side tricks allowed (so Google's #! "hash bang" solution is not an option). I'm trying to keep my files DRY. I don't want to repeat the common OUTER template in all my files i.e. header, navigation menu, footer, etc They will live in the main index.html Setup the Hijax index.html page contains all OUTER html/css/js... the site's template. index.html has a <div id="content"> which defaults to containing the "homepage" html. index.html has a navigation menu, with a Hijax link to an "about" page. With JavaScript disabled (e.g. crawler) it follows link to /about.html. With JavaScript enabled (e.g. most people) the link updates the url hash fragment to /#about and jQuery replaces the <div id="content"> innerHTML with $("#content").load("about.html #inner-container");. AJAX content about.html does not contain anything extra to try an cloak content for crawlers. about.html file contains enough HTML / CSS / JavaScript to display /about.html as a standalone page with it's own META data... e.g. <html><head><title>About</title>...</head><body></body></html>. about.html has NO OUTER HTML template (i.e. header, navigation menu, footer, etc). about.html <body> contains a <div id="inner-container"> which holds the content that is injected into index.html. about.html has a <noscript> tag as the first child of <body> which explains to non-JavaScript users that they are viewing the about page "inner content" - with a link to navigate to the index.html page to get the full page layout with menu. The (Sneaky?) Redirect Google indexes the /about.html page. However when a person with JavaScript enabled visits that page there is no OUTER html template (e.g. header, navigation menu, footer, etc). So I need to do a JavaScript redirect to get the person over the /#about page (deeplinking to the "about" page "state" in index.html). I'm thinking of doing a "redirect on click or after 10 seconds". The end results is that user ends up on an "enhanced" page back on index.html with all it's OUTER template - but the core "page" content is practically identical. Known issue with inbound links e.g. Share / Bookmarking It seems that if a user shares the URL /#about on their blog, when allocating inbound links to my site Google ignores everything after the # ... it allocates value to the / page - See: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5028405/hashbang-vs-hijax/5166665#5166665. I can only try an minimise this issue offering "share" buttons on the page with the appropriate urls i.e. /about.html. Duplicate Sorry. I posted this same question over on http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5561686/hijax-sneaky-javascript-redirects-will-i-get-banned-from-google ... then realised it probably belongs more on this Stack Exchange site... Not sure if I should delete the Stack Overflow question? Or just leave it on both sites? Please leave comment.

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