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  • Formal definition for term "pure OO language"?

    - by Yauhen Yakimovich
    I can't think of a better place among SO siblings to pose such a question. Originally I wanted to ask "Is python a pure OO language?" but considering troubles and some sort of discomfort people experience while trying to define the term I decided to start with obtaining a clear definition for the term itself. It would be rather fair to start with correspondence by Dr. Alan Kay, who has coined the term (note the inspiration in biological analogy to cells or other living objects). There are following ways to approach the task: Give a comparative analysis by listing programming languages that exhibits certain properties unique and sufficient to define the term (although Smalltalk and Java are passing examples but IMO this way seems neither really complete or nor fruitful) Give a formal definition (or close to it, e.g. in more academic or mathematical style). Give a philosophical definition that would totally rely on semantical context of concrete language or a priori programming experience (there must be some chance of successful explanation by the community). My current version: "If a certain programing (formal) language that can (grammatically) differentiate between operations and operands as well as infer about the type of each operand whether this type is an object (in sense of OOP) or not then we call such a language an OO-language as long as there is at least one type in this language which is an object. Finally, if all types of the language are also objects we define such language to be pure OO-language." Would appreciate any possible improvement of it. As you can see I just made the definition dependent on the term "object" (often fully referenced as class of objects).

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  • What constitutes a programming language and how does one copyright a programming language?

    - by Yannbane
    I've decided to create a programming language of my own, mostly just for fun. However, I got interested in the legal aspect of it all. You can, for example, licence specific programs under specific terms. However, how do you go about licensing a language? Also, by that I don't just mean the implementation of the language (compiler & VM), but the standard itself. Is there something else to a programming language I'm missing? What I would like to achieve by such licensing: Make it completely FOSS (can a language even be FOSS, or is that the implementation that can be FOSS?) Establish myself as the author (can you legally be an author of a language? Or, again, just the implementation?) Make it so that anyone implementing my language would be required to attribute me (MIT-style. Please note that I do not have any hopes for anyone actually ever doing that though, I'm just learning.) I think that the solution would be to separately license the VM and the compiler for my language, as "the official implementation", and then license the design document as the language itself. What exactly am I missing here?

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  • Using Groovy as a scripting language...

    - by Zombies
    I prefer to use scripting languages for short tasks, anything such as a really simple http bot, bulk importing/exporting data to/from somewhere, etc etc... Basic throw-away scripts and simple stuff. The point being, that a scripting language is just an efficient tool to write quick programs with. As for my understanding of Groovy at this point... If you were to program in Groovy, and you wan't to write a quick script, wouldn't you be forced to going back to regular java syntax (and we know how that can be convoluted compared to a scripting language) in order to do anything more complicated? For example, if I want to do some http scripting, wouldn't I just be right back at using java syntax to invoke Commons HttpClient? To me, the point of a scripting language is for quickly typed and less forced constructs. And here is another thing, it doesn't seem that there is any incentive for groovy based libraries to be developed when there are already so many good java one's out there, thus making groovy appear to be a Java dependent language with minor scripting features. So right now I am wondering if I could switch to Groovy as a scripting language or continue to use a more common scripting language such as Perl, Python or Ruby.

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  • Missing Fields and Default Values

    - by PointsToShare
    © 2011 By: Dov Trietsch. All rights reserved Dealing with Missing Fields and Default Values New fields and new default values are not propagated throughout the list. They only apply to new and updated items and not to items already entered. They are only prospective. We need to be able to deal with this issue. Here is a scenario. The user has an old list with old items and adds a new field. The field is not created for any of the old items. Trying to get its value raises an Argument Exception. Here is another: a default value is added to a field. All the old items, where the field was not assigned a value, do not get the new default value. The two can also happen in tandem – a new field is added with a default. The older items have neither. Even better, if the user changes the default value, the old items still carry the old defaults. Let’s go a bit further. You have already written code for the list, be it an event receiver, a feature receiver, a console app or a command extension, in which you span all the fields and run on selected items – some new (no problem) and some old (problems aplenty). Had you written defensive code, you would be able to handle the situation, including similar changes in the future. So, without further ado, here’s how. Instead of just getting the value of a field in an item – item[field].ToString() – use the function below. I use ItemValue(item, fieldname, “mud in your eye”) and if “mud in your eye” is what I get, I know that the item did not have the field.   /// <summary> /// Return the column value or a default value /// </summary> private static string ItemValue(SPItem item, string column, string defaultValue) {     try     {         return item[column].ToString();     }     catch (NullReferenceException ex)     {         return defaultValue;     }     catch (ArgumentException ex)     {         return defaultValue;     } } I also use a similar function to return the default and a funny default-default to ascertain that the default does not exist. Here it is:  /// <summary> /// return a fields default or the "default" default. /// </summary> public static string GetFieldDefault(SPField fld, string defValue) {     try     {         // -- Check if default exists.         return fld.DefaultValue.ToString();     }     catch (NullReferenceException ex)     {         return defValue;     }     catch (ArgumentException ex)     {         return defValue;     } } How is this defensive? You have trapped an expected error and dealt with it. Therefore the program did not stop cold in its track and the required code ran to its end. Now, take a further step - write to a log (See Logging – a log blog). Read your own log every now and then, and act accordingly. That’s all Folks!

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  • PHP Video Editing and Streaming

    - by Gaurav Padia
    Hi, I am developing online video streaming website on PHP. I need two functionalities: Need to add title/text at bottom of the video dynamically. Need to add background music to video dynamically. Is it possible with PHP or any available open source library? Can anyone guide me or provide links to this type of library ? Thanks.

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  • Which programming language should i choose? (much more info inside) [closed]

    - by Andreas
    I am not completely sure if this is the right place to put this question, but since it's the programming thread I guessed that there's many experienced programmers here. :) Ok, hello! My name is Andreas and I am a 16 years old guy from Norway. For some time now I've wanted to learn a programming language. Six months ago I started learning C++, but quit withing a week due to lack of motivation. The same thing happend only 2 months ago when I tried to learn Lua. I wanted to program mods to the game Garry's mod, and was really motivated. Then I stopped playing the game, and the programming stopped with it. Today though I am ready again. The only difference is that I am not completely sure what I want to do with the language. I only want to create something, and I miss the progress of failing and enduring hard work until I finally solve the problem I've worked on for hours. What I am trying to say is; Is there any program out there that allows me, a complete noob (I didn't learn that much in a week, so I like to call myself a beginner), to create apps, mods or something similar but at the same time being qualified as a first time language? I was thinking of Java, because Android, Minecraft and many other applications and games use it. But I've heard that it is going to be replaced by a program called HTML 5 (whatever that is), is this true? I certainly don't want to spend many hours of my life on something that is useless in a year or two. Hopefully I didn't make this too complicated. I know that it is hard to recommend something when I don't have a goal, but I really don't know what to say. Have a good day kind folks! - Andreas EDIT:* I did not know that this was an off topic question, really sorry!

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  • Windows cannot determine which language to install ?

    - by Mohammad
    I'm gonna install Windows Server 2008 SP2 on VMware Workstation 7.0.1 build-227600. But in installation I receive the following error and Windows doesn't continue installing procedure. Windows cannot determine which language to install ? What's wrong with it? Could you please guide me? Thanks.

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  • Login window language has changed after update on Snow Leopard

    - by Leonardo
    After the latest update (beginning of Dec. 2012) on Snow Leopard my login window language has changed. My system is set to be in english but the login windows now is in french. Currently I am in France so I suspect that during the update something has revealed my location and installed something in the locale of the current location. It doesn't seem fair to me, I want to switch it back to english but I couldn't find a way to do it.

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  • Windows 7 Turkish language pack problem

    - by NT
    I have Windows 7 Ultimate RTM (7600) installed on my laptop. I installed the Turkish language pack from Windows Update but some texts like "Welcome" "Shutting Down" and "Starting Windows" are still in English, but the others are translated into Turkish correctly. Did anyone face with this problem?

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  • Change language for Windows server 2003

    - by Fishcake
    I'm currently working in Spain for the week and am having to setup IIS on Windows Server 2003. However the box we've been given is in Spanish which makes it very hard for me to understand. Is it possible to actually change the language in Server 2003?

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  • Changing labels language in LibreOffice

    - by clabacchio
    I'm using the Italian version of LibreOffice 4.0.4, and writing a document in English. I set English as document language, and the spellchecking works properly. However, when I insert captions and cross references, the labels are in italian. For example Tabella instead of Table. What should I change in order to have the proper labeling, besides installing an English version of LibreOffice Writer??

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  • Insert default value if input-text is deleted

    - by Kim Andersen
    Hi all I have the following piece of jQuery code: $(".SearchForm input:text").each(function(){ /* Sets the current value as the defaultvalue attribute */ if(allowedDefaults.indexOf($(this).val()) > 0 || $(this).val() == "") { $(this).attr("defaultvalue", $(this).val()); $(this).css("color","#9d9d9d"); /* Onfocus, if default value clear the field */ $(this).focus(function(){ if($(this).val() == $(this).attr("defaultvalue")) { $(this).val(""); $(this).css("color","#4c4c4c"); } }); /* Onblur, if empty, insert defaultvalue */ $(this).blur(function(){ alert("ud"); if($(this).val() == "") { $(this).val($(this).attr("defaultvalue")); $(this).css("color","#9d9d9d"); }else { $(this).removeClass("ignore"); } }); } }); I use this code to insert some default text into some of my input fields, when nothing else is typed in. This means that when a user sees my search-form, the defaultvalues will be set as an attribute on the input-field, and this will be the value that is shown. When a user clicks inside of the input field, the default value will be removed. When the user sees an input field at first is looks like this: <input type="text" value="" defaultvalue="From" /> This works just fine, but I have a big challenge. If a user have posted the form, and something is entered into one of the fields, then I can't show the default value in the field, if the user deletes the text from the input field. This is happening because the value of the text-field is still containing something, even when the user deletes the content. So my problem is how to show the default value when the form is submitted, and the user then removes the typed in content? When the form is submitted the input looks like this, and keeps looking like this until the form is submitted again: <input type="text" value="someValue" defaultvalue="From" /> So I need to show the default value in the input-field right after the user have deleted the content in the field, and removed the focus from the field. Does everyone understand what my problem is? Otherwise just ask, I have struggled with this one for quite some times now, so any help will be greatly appreciated. Thanks in advance, Kim Andersen

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  • Default value list for pipeline param in Powershell

    - by fatcat1111
    I have a Powershell script that reads values off of the pipeline: PARAM ( [Parameter(ValueFromPipeline = $true)] $s ) PROCESS { echo "* $s" } Works just fine: PS my.ps1 foo * foo I would like the script to have list of default values, as the most common usage will always use the same values and storing them in the default will be most convenient. I did the usual assignment: PARAM ( [Parameter(ValueFromPipeline = $true)] $s = 'bar' ) PROCESS { echo "* $s" } Again, works just fine: PS my.ps1 * bar PS my.ps1 foo * foo However when setting the default to be a list, I get back something entirely reasonable but not at all what I want: PARAM ( [Parameter(ValueFromPipeline = $true)] $s = @('bar', 'bat', 'boy') ) PROCESS { echo "* $s" } Result: PS my.ps1 * bar bat boy I expected: PS my.ps1 * bar * bat * boy How can I get one call in to the Process loop for each default value? (This is somewhat different than getting one call in to Process, and wrapping the current body of in a big foreach loop over $s).

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  • How to import a class from default package

    - by mykhaylo
    Hi, I am using Eclipse 3.5 and I have created a project with some package structure along with the default package. I have one class in default package - Calculations.java and I want to make the use of that class in any of the package (for instance in com.company.calc). When I try to make the use of the class which is default package, its giving me compile error. Its not able to recognise the class in default package. Where is a problem? Calculations.java - source code public class Calculations{ native public int Calculate(int contextId); native public double GetProgress(int contextId); static { System.loadLibrary("Calc"); } } I can put my class in any other package. This class has some native method which is implemented in Delphi . If I put that class in any of the folder,I will have to make the change that DLL which I want to avoid(really - I can not). Thats why I put my class in the default package.

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  • remove default.aspx from a request

    - by b0x0rz
    i am trying to remove default.aspx from any request that might have it. protected void Application_BeginRequest(object sender, EventArgs e) { HttpContext context = HttpContext.Current; string url = context.Request.Url.ToString(); // remove default.aspx if (url.EndsWith("/default.aspx", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) { url = url.Substring(0, url.Length - 12); } context.Response.Redirect(url); } gives an error: **too many redirects occurred trying to open...** what can i change to make it work? thnx

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  • Can a single argument constructor with a default value be subject to implicit type conversion

    - by Richard
    I understand the use of the explicit keyword to avoid the implicit type conversions that can occur with a single argument constructor, or with a constructor that has multiple arguments of which only the first does not have a default value. However, I was wondering, does a single argument constructor with a default value behave the same as one without a default value when it comes to implicit conversions?

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  • how to use a parameterized function for the Default Binding of a Sql Server column

    - by Walt Gaber
    I have a table that catalogs selected files from multiple sources. I want to record whether a file is a duplicate of a previously cataloged file at the time the new file is cataloged. I have a column in my table (“primary_duplicate”) to record each entry as ‘P’ (primary) or ‘D’ (duplicate). I would like to provide a Default Binding for this column that would check for other occurrences of this file (i.e. name, length, timestamp) at the time the new file is being recorded. I have created a function that performs this check (see “GetPrimaryDuplicate” below). But I don’t know how to bind this function which requires three parameters to the table’s “primary_duplicate” column as its Default Binding. I would like to avoid using a trigger. I currently have a stored procedure used to insert new records that performs this check. But I would like to ensure that the flag is set correctly if an insert is performed outside of this stored procedure. How can I call this function with values from the row that is being inserted? USE [MyDatabase] GO SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[FileCatalog]( [id] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL, [catalog_timestamp] [datetime] NOT NULL, [primary_duplicate] nchar NOT NULL, [name] nvarchar NULL, [length] [bigint] NULL, [timestamp] [datetime] NULL ) ON [PRIMARY] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[FileCatalog] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_FileCatalog_id] DEFAULT (newid()) FOR [id] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[FileCatalog] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_FileCatalog_catalog_timestamp] DEFAULT (getdate()) FOR [catalog_timestamp] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[FileCatalog] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_FileCatalog_primary_duplicate] DEFAULT (N'GetPrimaryDuplicate(name, length, timestamp)') FOR [primary_duplicate] GO USE [MyDatabase] GO SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[GetPrimaryDuplicate] ( @name nvarchar(255), @length bigint, @timestamp datetime ) RETURNS nchar(1) AS BEGIN DECLARE @c int SELECT @c = COUNT(*) FROM FileCatalog WHERE name=@name and length=@length and timestamp=@timestamp and primary_duplicate = 'P' IF @c > 0 RETURN 'D' -- Duplicate RETURN 'P' -- Primary END GO

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  • Get default value of class member ( C# )

    - by Ruben Aster
    Let's assume I have a class ClassWithMember class ClassWithMember { int myIntMember = 10; } How do I get the default value 10 of the myIntMember member by System.Type? I'm currently struggling around with reflections by all I retreive is the default value of int (0) not the classes default member (10)..

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