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  • compare a directory of files with an svn revision

    - by JoelFan
    If I have a directory of files (with subdirectories) that is not under source control (no .svn directories), is there any way to compare it with a revision in svn (i.e. "svn diff")? Similar question: if I have a directory of files that is under source control, can I do a diff with to a different URL than the one it was checked out from?

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  • Sharing the same file between different projects

    - by selsine
    Hi Everyone, For version control we currently use Visual Source Safe and are thinking of migrating to another version control system (SVN, Mercurial, Git). Currently we use Visual Source Safe's "Shared" file feature quite heavily. This allows us to share code between design and runtimes of a single product, and between multiple products as well. For example: **Product One** - Design Login.cpp Login.h Helper.cpp Helper.h - Runtime Login.cpp Login.h Helper.cpp Helper.h **Product Two** - Design Login.cpp Login.h - Launcher Login.cpp Login.h - Runtime Login.cpp Login.h In this example Login.cpp and Login.h contain common code that all of our projects need, Helper.cpp and Helper.h is only used in Product One. In Visual Source Safe they are shared between the specific projects, which means that whenever the files are updated in one project they are updated in any project they are shared with. This is a simple example but hopefully it explains why we use the shared feature: to reduce the amount of duplicated code and ensure that when a bug is fixed all projects automatically have access to the new fixed code. After researching alternatives to Visual Source Safe it seems that most version control systems do not have the idea of shared files, instead they seem to use the idea of sub repositories. (http://mercurial.selenic.com/wiki/subrepos http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.0/ch07s03.html) My question (after all of that) is about what the best practices for achieving this are using other version control systems? Should we restructure our projects so that two copies of the files do not exist and an include directory is used instead? e.g. Product One Design Login.cpp Login.h Runtime Login.cpp Login.h Common Helper.cpp Helper.h This still leaves what to do with Login.cpp and Logon.h Should the shared files be moved to their own repository and then compiled into a lib or dll? This would make bug fixing more time consuming as the lib projects would have to be edited and then rebuilt. Should we use externals or sub repositories? Should we combine our projects (i.e. runtime, design, and launcher) into one large project? Any help would be appreciated. We have the feeling that our project design has evolved based on the tools that we used and now that we are thinking of switching tools it's difficult for us to see how we can best modify our practices. Or maybe we are the only people are there doing this...? Also, we use Visual Studio for all of our stuff. Thanks.

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  • Errors Code: /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.8.0-19-generic_3.8.0-19.30~precise1_amd64.deb

    - by user286682
    $ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Calculating upgrade... Done The following packages will be upgraded: linux-image-3.8.0-19-generic 1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. 6 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 0 B/47.8 MB of archives. After this operation, 142 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y (Reading database ... 164064 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to replace linux-image-3.8.0-19-generic 3.8.0-19.29 (using .../linux-image-3.8.0-19-generic_3.8.0-19.30~precise1_amd64.deb) ... Done. Unpacking replacement linux-image-3.8.0-19-generic ... dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.8.0-19-generic_3.8.0-19.30~precise1_amd64.deb (--unpack): trying to overwrite '/lib/modules/3.8.0-19-generic/kernel/arch/x86/kvm/kvm-intel.ko', which is also in package linux-image-extra-3.8.0-19-generic 3.8.0-19.29 dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe) Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d . run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 3.8.0-19-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-19-generic run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 3.8.0-19-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-19-generic Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.8.0-19-generic_3.8.0-19.30~precise1_amd64.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) How can I get this update to work?

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  • how to display user name in login name control

    - by user569285
    I have a master page that holds the loginview content that appears on all subsequent pages based on the master page. i have a username control also nested in the loginview to display the name of the user when they are logged in. the code for the loginview from the master page is displayed as follows: <div class="loginView"> <asp:LoginView ID="MasterLoginView" runat="server"> <LoggedInTemplate> Welcome <span class="bold"><asp:LoginName ID="HeadLoginName" runat="server" /> <asp:Label ID="userNameLabel" runat="server" Text="Label"></asp:Label></span>! [ <asp:LoginStatus ID="HeadLoginStatus" runat="server" LogoutAction="Redirect" LogoutText="Log Out" LogoutPageUrl="~/Logout.aspx"/> ] <%--Welcome: <span class="bold"><asp:LoginName ID="MasterLoginName" runat="server" /> </span>!--%> </LoggedInTemplate> <AnonymousTemplate> Welcome: Guest [ <a href="~/Account/Login.aspx" ID="HeadLoginStatus" runat="server">Log In</a> ] </AnonymousTemplate> </asp:LoginView> <%--&nbsp;&nbsp; [&nbsp;<asp:LoginStatus ID="MasterLoginStatus" runat="server" LogoutAction="Redirect" LogoutPageUrl="~/Logout.aspx" />&nbsp;]&nbsp;&nbsp;--%> </div> Since VS2010 launches with a default login page in the accounts folder, i didnt think it necessary to create a separate log in page, so i just used the same log in page. please find the code for the login control below: <asp:Login ID="LoginUser" runat="server" EnableViewState="false" RenderOuterTable="false"> <LayoutTemplate> <span class="failureNotification"> <asp:Literal ID="FailureText" runat="server"></asp:Literal> </span> <asp:ValidationSummary ID="LoginUserValidationSummary" runat="server" CssClass="failureNotification" ValidationGroup="LoginUserValidationGroup"/> <div class="accountInfo"> <fieldset class="login"> <legend style="text-align:left; font-size:1.2em; color:White;">Account Information</legend> <p style="text-align:left; font-size:1.2em; color:White;"> <asp:Label ID="UserNameLabel" runat="server" AssociatedControlID="UserName">User ID:</asp:Label> <asp:TextBox ID="UserName" runat="server" CssClass="textEntry"></asp:TextBox> <asp:RequiredFieldValidator ID="UserNameRequired" runat="server" ControlToValidate="UserName" CssClass="failureNotification" ErrorMessage="User ID is required." ToolTip="User ID field is required." ValidationGroup="LoginUserValidationGroup">*</asp:RequiredFieldValidator> </p> <p style="text-align:left; font-size:1.2em; color:White;"> <asp:Label ID="PasswordLabel" runat="server" AssociatedControlID="Password">Password:</asp:Label> <asp:TextBox ID="Password" runat="server" CssClass="passwordEntry" TextMode="Password"></asp:TextBox> <asp:RequiredFieldValidator ID="PasswordRequired" runat="server" ControlToValidate="Password" CssClass="failureNotification" ErrorMessage="Password is required." ToolTip="Password is required." ValidationGroup="LoginUserValidationGroup">*</asp:RequiredFieldValidator> </p> <p style="text-align:left; font-size:1.2em; color:White;"> <asp:CheckBox ID="RememberMe" runat="server"/> <asp:Label ID="RememberMeLabel" runat="server" AssociatedControlID="RememberMe" CssClass="inline">Keep me logged in</asp:Label> </p> </fieldset> <p class="submitButton"> <asp:Button ID="LoginButton" runat="server" CommandName="Login" Text="Log In" ValidationGroup="LoginUserValidationGroup" onclick="LoginButton_Click"/> </p> </div> </LayoutTemplate> </asp:Login> I then wrote my own code for authentication since i had my own database. the following displays the code in the login buttons click event.: public partial class Login : System.Web.UI.Page { //create string objects string userIDStr, pwrdStr; protected void LoginButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //assign textbox items to string objects userIDStr = LoginUser.UserName.ToString(); pwrdStr = LoginUser.Password.ToString(); //SQL connection string string strConn; strConn = WebConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["CMSSQL3ConnectionString"].ConnectionString; SqlConnection Conn = new SqlConnection(strConn); //SqlDataSource CSMDataSource = new SqlDataSource(); // CSMDataSource.ConnectionString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["CMSSQL3ConnectionString"].ToString(); //SQL select statement for comparison string sqlUserData; sqlUserData = "SELECT StaffID, StaffPassword, StaffFName, StaffLName, StaffType FROM Staffs"; sqlUserData += " WHERE (StaffID ='" + userIDStr + "')"; sqlUserData += " AND (StaffPassword ='" + pwrdStr + "')"; SqlCommand com = new SqlCommand(sqlUserData, Conn); SqlDataReader rdr; string usrdesc; string lname; string fname; string staffname; try { //string CurrentData; //CurrentData = (string)com.ExecuteScalar(); Conn.Open(); rdr = com.ExecuteReader(); rdr.Read(); usrdesc = (string)rdr["StaffType"]; fname = (string)rdr["StaffFName"]; lname = (string)rdr["StaffLName"]; staffname = lname.ToString() + " " + fname.ToString(); LoginUser.UserName = staffname.ToString(); rdr.Close(); if (usrdesc.ToLower() == "administrator") { Response.Redirect("~/CaseAdmin.aspx", false); } else if (usrdesc.ToLower() == "manager") { Response.Redirect("~/CaseManager.aspx", false); } else if (usrdesc.ToLower() == "investigator") { Response.Redirect("~/Investigator.aspx", false); } else { Response.Redirect("~/Default.aspx", false); } } catch(Exception ex) { string script = "<script>alert('" + ex.Message + "');</script>"; } finally { Conn.Close(); } } My authentication works perfectly and the page gets redirected to the designated destination. However, the login view does not display the users name. i actually cant figure out how to pass the users name that i had picked from the database to the login name control to be displayed. taking a close look i also noticed the logout text that should be displayed after successful log in does not show. that leaves me wondering if the loggedin template control on the masterpage even fires at all or its still the anonymous template control that keeps displaying.? How do i get this to work as expected? Please help....

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  • Caching queries in Django

    - by dolma33
    In a django project I only need to cache a few queries, using, because of server limitations, a cache table instead of memcached. One of those queries looks like this: Let's say I have a Parent object, which has a lot of Child objects. I need to store the result of the simple query parent.childs.all(). I have no problem with that, and everything works as expected with some code like key = "%s_children" %(parent.name) value = cache.get(key) if value is None: cache.set(key, parent.children.all(), CACHE_TIMEOUT) value = cache.get(key) But sometimes, just sometimes, the cache.set does nothing, and, after executing cache.set, cache.get(key) keeps returning None. After some test, I've noticed that cache.set is not working when parent.children.all().count() has higher values. That means that if I'm storing inside of key (for example) 600 children objects, it works fine, but it wont work with 1200 children. So my question is: is there a limit to the data that a key could store? How can I override it? Second question: which way is "better", the above code, or the following one? key = "%s_children" %(parent.name) value = cache.get(key) if value is None: value = parent.children.all() cache.set(key, value, CACHE_TIMEOUT) The second version won't cause errors if cache.set doesn't work, so it could be a workaround to my issue, but obviously not a solution. In general, let's forget about my issue, which version would you consider "better"?

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  • Should I use /etc/bind/zones/ or /var/cache/bind/?

    - by nbolton
    Each tutorial seems to have a different opinion on this. For my ISC BIND zones, should I use /etc/bind/zones/ or /var/cache/bind/? In the last install, I used /var/cache/bind/ but only because I was guided to do so; however I just spotted a pid file in there for this new Debian install, so I figured that using the "working directory" to store zone files probably wasn't the best idea. It seems that many admins use this so they don't have to type the full path when declaring a new zone. For example: file "/etc/bind/zones/db.foobar.com"; Instead of: file "db.foobar.com"; Is obviously easier to type, but is it good or bad practice? Some may also suggest setting the working directory to /etc/bind/zones: options { // directory "/var/cache/bind"; directory "/etc/bind/zones"; } ... but something tells me this isn't good practice, since the pid file would be created there I assume (unless it's just in /var/cache/bind by coincidence). I took a look at the manpage but it didn't seem to say what the directory option was for, any ideas exactly what it was design for?

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  • What's with the accesses to $random_existing_file/cache/df.php?

    - by Bernd Jendrissek
    Occasionally I eyeball Apache's access_log and lately I've been noticing these accesses to URLs that I don't serve. They're correctly 404'ed, but I'd like to know just who and what is involved here. "Obviously" it's some sort of vulnerability probing; I'd like to know which. (Not that it affects me, but I like to know the score.) Here's an example: 69.89.31.206 - - [28/Nov/2012:17:36:34 +0200] "GET /cvfull.pdf/cache/df.php HTTP/1.1" 404 489 "-" "-" Oddly, all 26 attempts are to either /cache/df.php, or to /cvfull.pdf/cache/df.php - they come in pairs. A few weeks ago it was zx.php, now it's df.php - I'm assuming the target is the same. Perhaps I should be flattered that a script is thinking of hiring me. Seriously, my CV is one of only two PDF files on my site, so I can only guess that non-PDF URLs aren't interesting? I've tried Googling for "cache df php", but my Google-fu is weak at the best of times, so I can only find a few reports of other script attacks. What's the vulnerability being scanned for here?

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  • Can you share offline files cache with two user accounts?

    - by Joel Coehoorn
    I have a new laptop that I use for both home and work. It runs windows 7 ultimate, and is joined to the domain at work. It is okay to use this laptop for both work and personal activities, and I even have an account set up on the local machine in addition to the work domain account specifically for this to help keep the two separate. At home, I have a file server that I use to share files and printers with my wife's laptop, this new laptop, and my old desktop which will now become the family machine. My mp3 library is on there, among other things. What I want to do is use the windows Offline Files feature to keep a synced copy of my music library on the laptop. That part is easy. What's tricky is that I want to share this offline cache between both the local account on the laptop and my work domain account. I could do them both separately, but then I have two copies of a very large music library stored locally. This also means twice the sync burden, when the domain account is rarely connected to the file share. I really want to be able to sync from the local machine account only, and have the domain account be able to use the synced files. I know where the offline file cache is kept (\Windows\CSC) and I can find the cached files (not encrypted), but permissions on the cache are setup weird, and so using that cache directly is not trivial. Any ideas appreciated.

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  • How can I configure apache to cache the images that it is serving? Right now it is giving headers t

    - by Tchalvak
    Serving up images that don't seem to cache There's a LAPP (postgresql instead of mysql) running over on http://ninjawars.net. I just recently noticed that images don't seem to be caching with any kind of good frequency as I was reloading a page with a few images on it here: http://www.ninjawars.net/attack_player.php Here is an example image (they're probably all being served exactly the same): http://www.ninjawars.net/images/characters/fighter.png Checking the header, it seems that the caching is set to: Cache-Control:max-age=0 (the full header for this image-like-all-the-others is... Request URL:http://www.ninjawars.net/images/characters/fighter.png Request Method:GET Status Code:200 OK Request Headers Accept:application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,/;q=0.5 Cache-Control:max-age=0 Referer:http://www.ninjawars.net/images/characters/fighter.png User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; en-US) AppleWebKit/533.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/5.0.375.3 Safari/533.4 Response Headers Accept-Ranges:bytes Content-Length:938 Content-Type:image/png Date:Thu, 13 May 2010 21:24:07 GMT ETag:"ffd4d-3aa-4837efc120540" Last-Modified:Mon, 05 Apr 2010 15:28:45 GMT Server:Apache ) So what modules or config or htaccess or whatever do I change to have it cache images, e.g. for 24 hours?

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  • Weird exception in linkbutton in a datalist

    - by user308806
    Dear all, I have written this datalist : <div class="story" runat="server"> <asp:DataList ID="DataList2" runat="server" Height="16px" Width="412px"> <SeparatorTemplate> <hr /> </SeparatorTemplate> <ItemTemplate> <asp:LinkButton ID="LinkButton1" runat ="server" Text='<%# Eval("Name") %>' PostBackUrl='<%#Eval("Url")%>' /> <br /> Description: <asp:Label ID="new" Text='<%#Eval("Description") %>' runat="server" /> </ItemTemplate> </asp:DataList> </div> It raises an exception saying that the linkbutton has to be placed in a tag that contains runat="server" although it exists. Here is the trace [HttpException (0x80004005): Le contrôle 'DataList2_ctl00_LinkButton1' de type 'LinkButton' doit être placé dans une balise form avec runat=server.] System.Web.UI.Page.VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control) +8689747 System.Web.UI.WebControls.LinkButton.AddAttributesToRender(HtmlTextWriter writer) +39 System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebControl.RenderBeginTag(HtmlTextWriter writer) +20 System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebControl.Render(HtmlTextWriter writer) +20 System.Web.UI.Control.RenderControlInternal(HtmlTextWriter writer, ControlAdapter adapter) +27 System.Web.UI.Control.RenderControl(HtmlTextWriter writer, ControlAdapter adapter) +99 System.Web.UI.Control.RenderControl(HtmlTextWriter writer) +25 System.Web.UI.Control.RenderChildrenInternal(HtmlTextWriter writer, ICollection children) +134 System.Web.UI.Control.RenderChildren(HtmlTextWriter writer) +19 System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebControl.RenderContents(HtmlTextWriter writer) +10 System.Web.UI.WebControls.DataListItem.RenderItemInternal(HtmlTextWriter writer, Boolean extractRows, Boolean tableLayout) +51 System.Web.UI.WebControls.DataListItem.RenderItem(HtmlTextWriter writer, Boolean extractRows, Boolean tableLayout) +57 System.Web.UI.WebControls.DataList.System.Web.UI.WebControls.IRepeatInfoUser.RenderItem(ListItemType itemType, Int32 repeatIndex, RepeatInfo repeatInfo, HtmlTextWriter writer) +64 System.Web.UI.WebControls.RepeatInfo.RenderVerticalRepeater(HtmlTextWriter writer, IRepeatInfoUser user, Style controlStyle, WebControl baseControl) +262 System.Web.UI.WebControls.RepeatInfo.RenderRepeater(HtmlTextWriter writer, IRepeatInfoUser user, Style controlStyle, WebControl baseControl) +27 System.Web.UI.WebControls.DataList.RenderContents(HtmlTextWriter writer) +208 System.Web.UI.WebControls.BaseDataList.Render(HtmlTextWriter writer) +30 System.Web.UI.Control.RenderControlInternal(HtmlTextWriter writer, ControlAdapter adapter) +27 System.Web.UI.Control.RenderControl(HtmlTextWriter writer, ControlAdapter adapter) +99 System.Web.UI.Control.RenderControl(HtmlTextWriter writer) +25 System.Web.UI.Control.RenderChildrenInternal(HtmlTextWriter writer, ICollection children) +134 System.Web.UI.Control.RenderChildren(HtmlTextWriter writer) +19 System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlContainerControl.Render(HtmlTextWriter writer) +32 System.Web.UI.Control.RenderControlInternal(HtmlTextWriter writer, ControlAdapter adapter) +27 System.Web.UI.Control.RenderControl(HtmlTextWriter writer, ControlAdapter adapter) +99 System.Web.UI.Control.RenderControl(HtmlTextWriter writer) +25 System.Web.UI.Control.RenderChildrenInternal(HtmlTextWriter writer, ICollection children) +134 System.Web.UI.Control.RenderChildren(HtmlTextWriter writer) +19 System.Web.UI.Page.Render(HtmlTextWriter writer) +29 System.Web.UI.Control.RenderControlInternal(HtmlTextWriter writer, ControlAdapter adapter) +27 System.Web.UI.Control.RenderControl(HtmlTextWriter writer, ControlAdapter adapter) +99 System.Web.UI.Control.RenderControl(HtmlTextWriter writer) +25 System.Web.UI.Page.ProcessRequestMain(Boolean includeStagesBeforeAsyncPoint, Boolean includeStagesAfterAsyncPoint) +1266

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  • Installing Lubuntu 14.04.1 forcepae fails

    - by Rantanplan
    I tried to install Lubuntu 14.04.1 from a CD. First, I chose Try Lubuntu without installing which gave: ERROR: PAE is disabled on this Pentium M (PAE can potentially be enabled with kernel parameter "forcepae" ... Following the description on https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PAE, I used forcepae and tried Try Lubuntu without installing again. That worked fine. dmesg | grep -i pae showed: [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: file=/cdrom/preseed/lubuntu.seed boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd.lz quiet splash -- forcepae [ 0.008118] PAE forced! On the live-CD session, I tried installing Lubuntu double clicking on the install button on the desktop. Here, the CD starts running but then stops running and nothing happens. Next, I rebooted and tried installing Lubuntu directly from the boot menu screen using forcepae again. After a while, I receive the following error message: The installer encountered an unrecoverable error. A desktop session will now be run so that you may investigate the problem or try installing again. Hitting Enter brings me to the desktop. For what errors should I search? And how? Finally, I rebooted once more and tried Check disc for defects with forcepae option; no errors have been found. Now, I am wondering how to find the error or whether it would be better to follow advice c in https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PAE: "Move the hard disk to a computer on which the processor has PAE capability and PAE flag (that is, almost everything else than a Banias). Install the system as usual but don't add restricted drivers. After the install move the disk back." Thanks for some hints! Perhaps some of the following can help: On Lubuntu 12.04: cat /proc/cpuinfo processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 13 model name : Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.50GHz stepping : 6 microcode : 0x17 cpu MHz : 600.000 cache size : 2048 KB fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 2 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr mce cx8 mtrr pge mca cmov clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss tm pbe up bts est tm2 bogomips : 1284.76 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 32 bits physical, 32 bits virtual power management: uname -a Linux humboldt 3.2.0-67-generic #101-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jul 15 17:45:51 UTC 2014 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux lsb_release -a No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 12.04.5 LTS Release: 12.04 Codename: precise cpuid eax in eax ebx ecx edx 00000000 00000002 756e6547 6c65746e 49656e69 00000001 000006d6 00000816 00000180 afe9f9bf 00000002 02b3b001 000000f0 00000000 2c04307d 80000000 80000004 00000000 00000000 00000000 80000001 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 80000002 20202020 20202020 65746e49 2952286c 80000003 6e655020 6d756974 20295228 7270204d 80000004 7365636f 20726f73 30352e31 007a4847 Vendor ID: "GenuineIntel"; CPUID level 2 Intel-specific functions: Version 000006d6: Type 0 - Original OEM Family 6 - Pentium Pro Model 13 - Stepping 6 Reserved 0 Brand index: 22 [not in table] Extended brand string: " Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.50GHz" CLFLUSH instruction cache line size: 8 Feature flags afe9f9bf: FPU Floating Point Unit VME Virtual 8086 Mode Enhancements DE Debugging Extensions PSE Page Size Extensions TSC Time Stamp Counter MSR Model Specific Registers MCE Machine Check Exception CX8 COMPXCHG8B Instruction SEP Fast System Call MTRR Memory Type Range Registers PGE PTE Global Flag MCA Machine Check Architecture CMOV Conditional Move and Compare Instructions FGPAT Page Attribute Table CLFSH CFLUSH instruction DS Debug store ACPI Thermal Monitor and Clock Ctrl MMX MMX instruction set FXSR Fast FP/MMX Streaming SIMD Extensions save/restore SSE Streaming SIMD Extensions instruction set SSE2 SSE2 extensions SS Self Snoop TM Thermal monitor 31 reserved TLB and cache info: b0: unknown TLB/cache descriptor b3: unknown TLB/cache descriptor 02: Instruction TLB: 4MB pages, 4-way set assoc, 2 entries f0: unknown TLB/cache descriptor 7d: unknown TLB/cache descriptor 30: unknown TLB/cache descriptor 04: Data TLB: 4MB pages, 4-way set assoc, 8 entries 2c: unknown TLB/cache descriptor On Lubuntu 14.04.1 live-CD with forcepae: cat /proc/cpuinfo processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 13 model name : Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.50GHz stepping : 6 microcode : 0x17 cpu MHz : 600.000 cache size : 2048 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 1 core id : 0 cpu cores : 1 apicid : 0 initial apicid : 0 fdiv_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 2 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 sep mtrr pge mca cmov clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss tm pbe bts est tm2 bogomips : 1284.68 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 36 bits physical, 32 bits virtual power management: uname -a Linux lubuntu 3.13.0-32-generic #57-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jul 15 03:51:12 UTC 2014 i686 i686 i686 GNU/Linux lsb_release -a No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS Release: 14.04 Codename: trusty cpuid CPU 0: vendor_id = "GenuineIntel" version information (1/eax): processor type = primary processor (0) family = Intel Pentium Pro/II/III/Celeron/Core/Core 2/Atom, AMD Athlon/Duron, Cyrix M2, VIA C3 (6) model = 0xd (13) stepping id = 0x6 (6) extended family = 0x0 (0) extended model = 0x0 (0) (simple synth) = Intel Pentium M (Dothan B1) / Celeron M (Dothan B1), 90nm miscellaneous (1/ebx): process local APIC physical ID = 0x0 (0) cpu count = 0x0 (0) CLFLUSH line size = 0x8 (8) brand index = 0x16 (22) brand id = 0x16 (22): Intel Pentium M, .13um feature information (1/edx): x87 FPU on chip = true virtual-8086 mode enhancement = true debugging extensions = true page size extensions = true time stamp counter = true RDMSR and WRMSR support = true physical address extensions = false machine check exception = true CMPXCHG8B inst. = true APIC on chip = false SYSENTER and SYSEXIT = true memory type range registers = true PTE global bit = true machine check architecture = true conditional move/compare instruction = true page attribute table = true page size extension = false processor serial number = false CLFLUSH instruction = true debug store = true thermal monitor and clock ctrl = true MMX Technology = true FXSAVE/FXRSTOR = true SSE extensions = true SSE2 extensions = true self snoop = true hyper-threading / multi-core supported = false therm. monitor = true IA64 = false pending break event = true feature information (1/ecx): PNI/SSE3: Prescott New Instructions = false PCLMULDQ instruction = false 64-bit debug store = false MONITOR/MWAIT = false CPL-qualified debug store = false VMX: virtual machine extensions = false SMX: safer mode extensions = false Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology = true thermal monitor 2 = true SSSE3 extensions = false context ID: adaptive or shared L1 data = false FMA instruction = false CMPXCHG16B instruction = false xTPR disable = false perfmon and debug = false process context identifiers = false direct cache access = false SSE4.1 extensions = false SSE4.2 extensions = false extended xAPIC support = false MOVBE instruction = false POPCNT instruction = false time stamp counter deadline = false AES instruction = false XSAVE/XSTOR states = false OS-enabled XSAVE/XSTOR = false AVX: advanced vector extensions = false F16C half-precision convert instruction = false RDRAND instruction = false hypervisor guest status = false cache and TLB information (2): 0xb0: instruction TLB: 4K, 4-way, 128 entries 0xb3: data TLB: 4K, 4-way, 128 entries 0x02: instruction TLB: 4M pages, 4-way, 2 entries 0xf0: 64 byte prefetching 0x7d: L2 cache: 2M, 8-way, sectored, 64 byte lines 0x30: L1 cache: 32K, 8-way, 64 byte lines 0x04: data TLB: 4M pages, 4-way, 8 entries 0x2c: L1 data cache: 32K, 8-way, 64 byte lines extended feature flags (0x80000001/edx): SYSCALL and SYSRET instructions = false execution disable = false 1-GB large page support = false RDTSCP = false 64-bit extensions technology available = false Intel feature flags (0x80000001/ecx): LAHF/SAHF supported in 64-bit mode = false LZCNT advanced bit manipulation = false 3DNow! PREFETCH/PREFETCHW instructions = false brand = " Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.50GHz" (multi-processing synth): none (multi-processing method): Intel leaf 1 (synth) = Intel Pentium M (Dothan B1), 90nm

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  • NUMA-aware placement of communication variables

    - by Dave
    For classic NUMA-aware programming I'm typically most concerned about simple cold, capacity and compulsory misses and whether we can satisfy the miss by locally connected memory or whether we have to pull the line from its home node over the coherent interconnect -- we'd like to minimize channel contention and conserve interconnect bandwidth. That is, for this style of programming we're quite aware of where memory is homed relative to the threads that will be accessing it. Ideally, a page is collocated on the node with the thread that's expected to most frequently access the page, as simple misses on the page can be satisfied without resorting to transferring the line over the interconnect. The default "first touch" NUMA page placement policy tends to work reasonable well in this regard. When a virtual page is first accessed, the operating system will attempt to provision and map that virtual page to a physical page allocated from the node where the accessing thread is running. It's worth noting that the node-level memory interleaving granularity is usually a multiple of the page size, so we can say that a given page P resides on some node N. That is, the memory underlying a page resides on just one node. But when thinking about accesses to heavily-written communication variables we normally consider what caches the lines underlying such variables might be resident in, and in what states. We want to minimize coherence misses and cache probe activity and interconnect traffic in general. I don't usually give much thought to the location of the home NUMA node underlying such highly shared variables. On a SPARC T5440, for instance, which consists of 4 T2+ processors connected by a central coherence hub, the home node and placement of heavily accessed communication variables has very little impact on performance. The variables are frequently accessed so likely in M-state in some cache, and the location of the home node is of little consequence because a requester can use cache-to-cache transfers to get the line. Or at least that's what I thought. Recently, though, I was exploring a simple shared memory point-to-point communication model where a client writes a request into a request mailbox and then busy-waits on a response variable. It's a simple example of delegation based on message passing. The server polls the request mailbox, and having fetched a new request value, performs some operation and then writes a reply value into the response variable. As noted above, on a T5440 performance is insensitive to the placement of the communication variables -- the request and response mailbox words. But on a Sun/Oracle X4800 I noticed that was not the case and that NUMA placement of the communication variables was actually quite important. For background an X4800 system consists of 8 Intel X7560 Xeons . Each package (socket) has 8 cores with 2 contexts per core, so the system is 8x8x2. Each package is also a NUMA node and has locally attached memory. Every package has 3 point-to-point QPI links for cache coherence, and the system is configured with a twisted ladder "mobius" topology. The cache coherence fabric is glueless -- there's not central arbiter or coherence hub. The maximum distance between any two nodes is just 2 hops over the QPI links. For any given node, 3 other nodes are 1 hop distant and the remaining 4 nodes are 2 hops distant. Using a single request (client) thread and a single response (server) thread, a benchmark harness explored all permutations of NUMA placement for the two threads and the two communication variables, measuring the average round-trip-time and throughput rate between the client and server. In this benchmark the server simply acts as a simple transponder, writing the request value plus 1 back into the reply field, so there's no particular computation phase and we're only measuring communication overheads. In addition to varying the placement of communication variables over pairs of nodes, we also explored variations where both variables were placed on one page (and thus on one node) -- either on the same cache line or different cache lines -- while varying the node where the variables reside along with the placement of the threads. The key observation was that if the client and server threads were on different nodes, then the best placement of variables was to have the request variable (written by the client and read by the server) reside on the same node as the client thread, and to place the response variable (written by the server and read by the client) on the same node as the server. That is, if you have a variable that's to be written by one thread and read by another, it should be homed with the writer thread. For our simple client-server model that means using split request and response communication variables with unidirectional message flow on a given page. This can yield up to twice the throughput of less favorable placement strategies. Our X4800 uses the QPI 1.0 protocol with source-based snooping. Briefly, when node A needs to probe a cache line it fires off snoop requests to all the nodes in the system. Those recipients then forward their response not to the original requester, but to the home node H of the cache line. H waits for and collects the responses, adjudicates and resolves conflicts and ensures memory-model ordering, and then sends a definitive reply back to the original requester A. If some node B needed to transfer the line to A, it will do so by cache-to-cache transfer and let H know about the disposition of the cache line. A needs to wait for the authoritative response from H. So if a thread on node A wants to write a value to be read by a thread on node B, the latency is dependent on the distances between A, B, and H. We observe the best performance when the written-to variable is co-homed with the writer A. That is, we want H and A to be the same node, as the writer doesn't need the home to respond over the QPI link, as the writer and the home reside on the very same node. With architecturally informed placement of communication variables we eliminate at least one QPI hop from the critical path. Newer Intel processors use the QPI 1.1 coherence protocol with home-based snooping. As noted above, under source-snooping a requester broadcasts snoop requests to all nodes. Those nodes send their response to the home node of the location, which provides memory ordering, reconciles conflicts, etc., and then posts a definitive reply to the requester. In home-based snooping the snoop probe goes directly to the home node and are not broadcast. The home node can consult snoop filters -- if present -- and send out requests to retrieve the line if necessary. The 3rd party owner of the line, if any, can respond either to the home or the original requester (or even to both) according to the protocol policies. There are myriad variations that have been implemented, and unfortunately vendor terminology doesn't always agree between vendors or with the academic taxonomy papers. The key is that home-snooping enables the use of a snoop filter to reduce interconnect traffic. And while home-snooping might have a longer critical path (latency) than source-based snooping, it also may require fewer messages and less overall bandwidth. It'll be interesting to reprise these experiments on a platform with home-based snooping. While collecting data I also noticed that there are placement concerns even in the seemingly trivial case when both threads and both variables reside on a single node. Internally, the cores on each X7560 package are connected by an internal ring. (Actually there are multiple contra-rotating rings). And the last-level on-chip cache (LLC) is partitioned in banks or slices, which with each slice being associated with a core on the ring topology. A hardware hash function associates each physical address with a specific home bank. Thus we face distance and topology concerns even for intra-package communications, although the latencies are not nearly the magnitude we see inter-package. I've not seen such communication distance artifacts on the T2+, where the cache banks are connected to the cores via a high-speed crossbar instead of a ring -- communication latencies seem more regular.

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  • Silverlight and WCF caching

    - by subodhnpushpak
    There are scenarios where Silverlight client calls WCF (or REST) service for data. Now, if the data is cached on the WCF layer, the calls can take considerable resources at the server if NOT cached. Keeping that in mind along with the fact that cache is an cross-cutting aspect, and therefore it should be as easy as possible to put Cache wherever required. The good thing about the solution is that it caches based on the inputs. The input can be basic type of any complex type. If input changes the data is fetched and then cached for further used. If same input is provided again, data id fetched from the cache. The cache logic itself is implemented as PostSharp aspect, and it is as easy as putting an attribute over service call to switch on cache. Notice how clean the code is:        [OperationContract]       [CacheOnArgs(typeof(int))] // based on actual value of cache        public string DoWork(int value)        {            return string.Format("You entered: {0} @ cached time {1}", value, System.DateTime.Now);        } The cache is implemented as POST Sharp as below 1: public override void OnInvocation(MethodInvocationEventArgs eventArgs) 2: { 3: try 4: { 5: object value = new object(); 6: object[] args = eventArgs.GetArgumentArray(); 7: if (args != null || args.Count() > 0) 8: { 9:   10: string key = string.Format("{0}_{1}", eventArgs.Method.Name, XMLUtility<object>.GetDataContractXml(args[0], null));// Compute the cache key (details omitted). 11:   12: 13: value = GetFromCache(key); 14: if (value == null) 15: { 16: eventArgs.Proceed(); 17: value = XMLUtility<object>.GetDataContractXml(eventArgs.ReturnValue, null); 18: value = eventArgs.ReturnValue; 19: AddToCache(key, value); 20: return; 21: } 22:   23:   24: Log(string.Format("Data returned from Cache {0}",value)); 25: eventArgs.ReturnValue = value; 26: } 27: } 28: catch (Exception ex) 29: { 30: //ApplicationLogger.LogException(ex.Message, Source.UtilityService); 31: } 32: } 33:   34: private object GetFromCache(string inputKey) { if (ServerConfig.CachingEnabled) { return WCFCache.Current[inputKey]; } return null; }private void AddToCache(string inputKey,object outputValue) 35: { 36: if (ServerConfig.CachingEnabled) 37: { 38: if (WCFCache.Current.CachedItemsNumber < ServerConfig.NumberOfCachedItems) 39: { 40: if (ServerConfig.SlidingExpirationTime <= 0 || ServerConfig.SlidingExpirationTime == int.MaxValue) 41: { 42: WCFCache.Current[inputKey] = outputValue; 43: } 44: else 45: { 46: WCFCache.Current.Insert(inputKey, outputValue, new TimeSpan(0, 0, ServerConfig.SlidingExpirationTime), true); 47:   48: // _bw.DoWork += bw_DoWork; 49: //string arg = string.Format("{0}|{1}", inputKey,outputValue); 50: //_bw.RunWorkerAsync(inputKey ); 51: } 52: } 53: } 54: }     The cache class can be extended to support Velocity / memcahe / Nache. the attribute can be used over REST services as well. Hope the above helps. Here is the code base for the same.   Please do provide your inputs / comments.

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  • Tomcat 6: Access Control Exception?

    - by iftrue
    I'm trying to setup a tomcat6 server, and I'm trying to match another setup someone else established. However, my deployment (default Ubuntu install) uses a policy.d/ directory structure, and the established server just uses a catalina.policy file. I've tried setting every entry in policy.d to match the given catalina.policy, but I still get the following stacktrace on boot (from localhost log). I have two questions, then. First, how do I get tomcat to use a single poilcy file, rather than the directory structure presented by policy.d/? Secondly, why, when I specify all files to use the same policy, do I still get the stack trace below? Stack trace: SEVERE: Servlet /myapp threw load() exception java.security.AccessControlException: access denied (java.lang.RuntimePermission accessClassInPackage.org.apache.jasper) at java.security.AccessControlContext.checkPermission(AccessControlContext.java:342) at java.security.AccessController.checkPermission(AccessController.java:553) at java.lang.SecurityManager.checkPermission(SecurityManager.java:549) at java.lang.SecurityManager.checkPackageAccess(SecurityManager.java:1529) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:291) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:264) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1314) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1245) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:332) at org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.init(JspServlet.java:100) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:616) at org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityUtil$1.run(SecurityUtil.java:244) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAsPrivileged(Subject.java:537) at org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityUtil.execute(SecurityUtil.java:276) at org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityUtil.doAsPrivilege(SecurityUtil.java:162) at org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityUtil.doAsPrivilege(SecurityUtil.java:115) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1166) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:992) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:4058) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4367) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:791) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.access$000(ContainerBase.java:123) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$PrivilegedAddChild.run(ContainerBase.java:145) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:769) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:525) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:978) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectories(HostConfig.java:941) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:499) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1201) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:318) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:719) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:516) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:578) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:616) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:616) at org.apache.commons.daemon.support.DaemonLoader.start(DaemonLoader.java:177) Policy.d grant codeBase "file:${java.home}/lib/-" { permission java.security.AllPermission; }; // These permissions apply to all shared system extensions grant codeBase "file:${java.home}/jre/lib/ext/-" { permission java.security.AllPermission; }; // These permissions apply to javac when ${java.home] points at $JAVA_HOME/jre grant codeBase "file:${java.home}/../lib/-" { permission java.security.AllPermission; }; // These permissions apply to all shared system extensions when // ${java.home} points at $JAVA_HOME/jre grant codeBase "file:${java.home}/lib/ext/-" { permission java.security.AllPermission; }; // ========== CATALINA CODE PERMISSIONS ======================================= // These permissions apply to the daemon code grant codeBase "file:${catalina.home}/bin/commons-daemon.jar" { permission java.security.AllPermission; }; // These permissions apply to the logging API grant codeBase "file:${catalina.home}/bin/tomcat-juli.jar" { permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.util.logging.config.class", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.util.logging.config.file", "read"; permission java.io.FilePermission "${java.home}${file.separator}lib${file.separator}logging.properties", "read"; permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "shutdownHooks"; permission java.io.FilePermission "${catalina.base}${file.separator}conf${file.separator}logging.properties", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "catalina.base", "read"; permission java.util.logging.LoggingPermission "control"; permission java.io.FilePermission "${catalina.base}${file.separator}logs", "read, write"; permission java.io.FilePermission "${catalina.base}${file.separator}logs${file.separator}*", "read, write"; permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "getClassLoader"; // To enable per context logging configuration, permit read access to the appropriate file. // Be sure that the logging configuration is secure before enabling such access // eg for the examples web application: // permission java.io.FilePermission "${catalina.base}${file.separator}webapps${file.separator}examples${file.separator}WEB-INF${file.separator}classes${file.separator}logging.properties", "read"; }; // These permissions apply to the server startup code grant codeBase "file:${catalina.home}/bin/bootstrap.jar" { permission java.security.AllPermission; }; // These permissions apply to the servlet API classes // and those that are shared across all class loaders // located in the "lib" directory grant codeBase "file:${catalina.home}/lib/-" { permission java.security.AllPermission; }; // ========== WEB APPLICATION PERMISSIONS ===================================== // These permissions are granted by default to all web applications // In addition, a web application will be given a read FilePermission // and JndiPermission for all files and directories in its document root. grant { // Required for JNDI lookup of named JDBC DataSource's and // javamail named MimePart DataSource used to send mail permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.home", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.naming.*", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "javax.sql.*", "read"; // OS Specific properties to allow read access permission java.util.PropertyPermission "os.name", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "os.version", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "os.arch", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "file.separator", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "path.separator", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "line.separator", "read"; // JVM properties to allow read access permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.version", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.vendor", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.vendor.url", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.class.version", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.specification.version", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.specification.vendor", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.specification.name", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.vm.specification.version", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.vm.specification.vendor", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.vm.specification.name", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.vm.version", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.vm.vendor", "read"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.vm.name", "read"; // Required for OpenJMX permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "getAttribute"; // Allow read of JAXP compliant XML parser debug permission java.util.PropertyPermission "jaxp.debug", "read"; // Precompiled JSPs need access to this package. permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "accessClassInPackage.org.apache.jasper.runtime"; permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "accessClassInPackage.org.apache.jasper.runtime.*"; // Precompiled JSPs need access to this system property. permission java.util.PropertyPermission "org.apache.jasper.runtime.BodyContentImpl.LIMIT_BUFFER", "read"; };

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  • Implement QoS/Bandwidth Management or Upgrade Bandwidth?

    - by Michael
    A question that I'm faced with currently. Here's my setup: Cisco ASA 5510 15Mbps Internet Connection @ $1350/month The bandwidth was originally meant for 35-45 people but we've grown quite quickly to roughly 60-65 people. Needless to say, when I check bandwidth logs it's almost always spiked at 15Mbps. I did use Wireshark to do some poking around to see what was hogging up our bandwidth but with everything running through CDNs and Cloud Services it proved difficult to get a good grasp of where our bandwidth was going. So the question is do I ONLY implement bandwidth management through ASA OR upgrade the Internet to 50Mbps ($1600/month) and then implement bandwidth management through ASA? Any suggestions on how to segment the 15Mbps connection if we decided ONLY to go with the bandwidth management solution? Thanks. UPDATE 1 Installed PRTG and used packet content to monitor the traffic. As I suspected still pretty vague. My Top Connections include the following: a204-2-160-16.deploy.akamaitechnologies.com ec2-50-16-212-159.compute-1.amazonaws.com a204-2-160-48.deploy.akamaitechnologies.com a72-247-247-133.deploy.akamaitechnologies.com mediaserver-sv5-t1-1.pandora.com Other than the Pandora destination, the rest doesn't tell me much on how to properly control the bandwidth. Any thoughts or suggestions? Thanks. M

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  • Limiting bandwidth on internal interface on Linux gateway

    - by Jack Scott
    I am responsible for a Linux-based (it runs Debian) branch office router that takes a single high-speed Internet connection (eth2) and turns it into about 20 internal networks, each with a seperate subnet (192.168.1.0/24 to 192.168.20.0/24) and a seperate VLAN (eth0.101 to eth0.120). I am trying to restrict bandwidth on one of the internal subnets that is consistently chewing up more bandwidth than it should. What is the best way to do this? My first try at this was with wondershaper, which I heard about on SuperUser here. Unfortunately, this is useful for exactly the opposite situation that I have... it's useful on the client side, not on the Internet side. My second attempt was using the script found at http://www.topwebhosts.org/tools/traffic-control.php, which I modified so the active part is: tc qdisc add dev eth0.113 root handle 13: htb default 100 tc class add dev eth0.113 parent 13: classid 13:1 htb rate 3mbps tc class add dev eth0.113 parent 13: classid 13:2 htb rate 3mbps tc filter add dev eth0.113 protocol ip parent 13:0 prio 1 u32 match ip dst 192.168.13.0/24 flowid 13:1 tc filter add dev eth0.113 protocol ip parent 13:0 prio 1 u32 match ip src 192.168.13.0/24 flowid 13:2 What I want this to do is restrict the bandwidth on VLAN 113 (subnet 192.168.13.0/24) to 3mbit up and 3mbit down. Unfortunately, it seems to have no effect at all! I'm very inexperienced with the tc command, so any help getting this working would be appreciated.

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  • Is Windows Server 2008R2 NAP solution for NAC (endpoint security) valuable enough to be worth the hassles?

    - by Warren P
    I'm learning about Windows Server 2008 R2's NAP features. I understand what network access control (NAC) is and what role NAP plays in that, but I would like to know what limitations and problems it has, that people wish they knew before they rolled it out. Secondly, I'd like to know if anyone has had success rolling it out in a mid-size (multi-city corporate network with around 15 servers, 200 desktops) environment with most (99%) Windows XP SP3 and newer Windows clients (Vista, and Win7). Did it work with your anti-virus? (I'm guessing NAP works well with the big name anti-virus products, but we're using Trend micro.). Let's assume that the servers are all Windows Server 2008 R2. Our VPNs are cisco stuff, and have their own NAC features. Has NAP actually benefitted your organization, and was it wise to roll it out, or is it yet another in the long list of things that Windows Server 2008 R2 does, but that if you do move your servers up to it, you're probably not going to want to use. In what particular ways might the built-in NAP solution be the best one, and in what particular ways might no solution at all (the status quo pre-NAP) or a third-party endpoint security or NAC solution be considered a better fit? I found an article where a panel of security experts in 2007 say NAC is maybe "not worth it". Are things better now in 2010 with Win Server 2008 R2?

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  • How to install subversion on 1&1 server with windows?

    - by Miles M.
    I would like to start using Unfuddle for my project on 1&1 server. I never used subversion and core control before. So, I read a lot of documentation about it but each time, I get lost at the very beginning : I've downloaded the latest version of subversion. But on every tutorial, the way to follow is different. First I sae, on a lot of tuts, that you have to enter command lines. Is that ONLY for Linux ? Like here : http://chwalisz.org/2007/08/05/subversion-on-11-shared-hosting/ I also find something completely different on some website, I think (correct me if I'm wrong) it is the Windows tuts, deeply different frm the linu one. So I found that : http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2008/04/setting-up-subversion-on-windows.html http://geekswithblogs.net/emanish/archive/2006/06/14/81905.aspx http://better-scm.shlomifish.org/subversion/Svn-Win32-Inst-Guide.html And I don t understand : Do I still have to put the sibversion file on the server ? Do I have to install Apach ? where, on my computer or on my server ? I'm working ith WampServer so I thing I have already Apach installed right ? When they say it is for Windows, do they mean it is for windows servers or for your own OS ? 'Cause my servers are on linux. How could I install Subversion on a 1&1 linux server from my W7 OS computer ? Thanks, that's a lot of question but that realle messy in my mind, I can't find something clear ..

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  • Remote desktop type software that the client need not install anything...

    - by allentown
    I am primarily a Macintosh user, and can usually walk a client though any troubles they may have because I have a Macintosh in front of me. If they are on a different OS, things are close enough, or I cam remember, that I can get by. When trying to help clients on Windows, I get stuck. I do not have access to windows, and even if I did, there are far too many versions of Outlook, all with their various esoteric settings and checkboxes, that I could never see exactly what they are seeing. I mostly need to just help them with email setup. Something like copilot.com may do the trick. What is the simplest remote control software out there, ideally, it would accomplish these: No software needed on remote end, or, a single .exe that they can toss when done. I need Mac based software on my end. I do have ARD, which support VNC Free :) If possible, it would be really nice Needs a port forwarding proxy run by the company. There is no way I can get the user to alter their router, or to even plug directly into their WAN for a short time. On the Mac, I just have them open iChat, and this is all built in, proxying through AIM, looking for the same for Windows and Mac.

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  • Controlling clone access to multiple mercurial repos served via hgwebdir.cgi

    - by chrislawlor
    I'm trying to host multiple hg repositories to use for my clients. I need to control access to each repository individually - not just push access, but clone as well. I've got an .htaccess set which requires authentication globally: AuthUserFile /path/to/hgweb.passwd AuthGroupFile /dev/null AuthName "Chris Lawlor Client Mercurial Repositories" AuthType Basic <Limit GET POST PUT> Require valid-user </Limit> <FilesMatch "\.(htaccess|passwd|config|bak)$"> Order Allow,Deny Deny from all </FilesMatch> Then in each repository, I've got a .hg/hgrc file requiring a valid user [web] allow_push = <comma seperated user list> This almost does what I need. The problem is that I need to add ALL my clients to hgweb.passwd, which gives them clone access to ALL of the repositories. The only solution I can think of is to have another .htaccess and .passwd file in EACH repository. I don't really want to do that though, seems a little convoluted. I can already specify a list of authorized users for each repository in that repos' hgrc file with the allow_push setting. If only there were an allow_clone setting as well... All the documentation I've found for hgwebdir.cgi is incomplete. I've read: http://mercurial.selenic.com/wiki/HgWebDirStepByStep http://hgbook.red-bean.com/read/collaborating-with-other-people.html#sec:collab:cgi http://hgbook.red-bean.com/read/collaborating-with-other-people.html And others. I've yet to find a comprehensive list of hgrc settings. I guess this is as much an Apache question than a mercurial question. Unless I can find a better approach, I'll be going with a seperate .htaccess and .passwd file for each repo. This is a virtual host on Webfaction if it matters - set up roughly like this http://docs.webfaction.com/software/mercurial.html

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  • CLI package to replace Plesk

    - by dotancohen
    Myself and another programmer are tasked with maintaining a few webservers. I prefer CLI tools, she prefers Plesk. However, I am adamant about not installing Plesk for quite a few reasons. I have written a small Python script for adding new domains, and now I am about to add the ability to configure email addresses while abstracting the details of Postfix from her. Before I go that route, I have googled to see if anything already exists, and am surprised that I have come up with nothing! Are there any mature, stable "control panels" or "server admin" tools like Plesk, but which are accessed via the CLI over SSH? I am looking for the following features: Add / remove / configure domains served by Apache. Add / remove / configure email boxes and mail groups. Add / remove MySQL databases, users, and configure users to databases. Provide basic monitoring of "server health", that is: memory usage, disk usage, CPU usage, bandwidth usage. Possibly set up STFP accounts so that only specific FTP users could access specific /var/www/someSite/ directories. Note that I was unsure if this question is OT for ServerFault. As per the ServerFault about page (There seems to be no more FAQ) this question meets two of the "ask about" criterion and zero of the "don't ask about" with the possible exception of being opinion-based. Therefore, to keep on-topic, I would like to know about the available applications but we should be subjective and less opinionated. Thank you!

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  • Mapping capslock to control on Mac OS X: works for some things, but not others?

    - by keflavich
    I've mapped my capslock key to control using the Modifier Keys mapping in System Preferences: Keyboard. I've also tried mapping to "right control" instead of "left control" as per http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=20060825072451882 using a plist editor. The mapping seems to work in all cases except one: I can't use capslock with left-shift to make key mappings or apparently do anything else. capslock (as control) with right-shift works. I'm primarily testing by using control-tab / control-shift-tab to switch between tabs. Using the on-screen-keyboard viewer, I can get capslock-shift-(just about anything) to work, but not capslock-leftshift-tab. My best guess is that somehow the particular keyboard I'm working on is faulty, but I'm curious whether anyone else can reproduce this or has any ideas.

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  • Windows 7, enabeling IE for removal

    - by Thew
    For a while now, Windows Update has been prompting me to update IE9 to IE10. And every time I turn off my PC, It starts to install that one update wich allways fails. Why does it fail updating IE9? I don't know. So the solution I had in my mind was to remove IE9 and then install IE10 manually. THe problem is now, I can't find the uninstall file for IE9. I have looked in windows control panel / programs and features but it didn't show up, not even in the installed updates section. So after I clicked on Turn windows features on or off, I saw that the IE9 box wasn't checked. So I checked it, clicked OK, but then when I clicked on the Turn windows features on or off link again, it wasn't checked anymore. It's almost like Windows doesn't want me to uninstall IE9. but I have to in order to normally shut down my pc, because everytime I shut my PC off, it tries to install that stupid update again! What can I do to solve this?

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