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• How to extend models of other applications in Django?

  - by culebrón

  I have a small app with Category model and want to make a required foreign key referencing it from Photologue Gallery model. What's the right approach? I can make many-to-many field in Category, but this way it will not be required in Gallery. Use "register" and modify the Gallery model? Inherit it in my app?

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• Is there a way to express Django admin settings inside the models, instead of admin.py?

  - by Off Rhoden

  Talking about Django 1.1.1. I thought at one time (0.96) the kinds of things put inside of the admin.py file were part of an inner class of the model. There's a certain beauty in having all of this in one place. But I don't know if this change was out of necessity. Any compelling reasons one way or the other?

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• Why is apache/passenger unable to open the sqlite3 rails database file?

  - by sendos

  I'm running apache2/passenger2.0.3 (ubuntu 9.10 packages). I can start up Webrick in the rails folder and run the app perfectly as I do on my development box with script/server Why then does apache/passenger fail to open the database, throwing a 500 and putting the following in the log? Status: 500 Internal Server Error could not open database: unable to open database file /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/sqlite3/errors.rb:62:in `check'...

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• Blender DirectX exporter to Panda3D

  - by jakebird451

  I have been experimenting with Panda3D lately. I have a character made in Blender with various bones and currently with one animation that I wish to export to a *.x format for Panda3D. My current attempt was to export the model was to first export with bones [Armatures] by checking the "Export Armatures" button in the export menu (file name: char.x). Thanks to the *.x file format, I read the file and it seems to have the same bone structure format as the model (with parenting and matrix positional data). The second export was selecting Animations - Full Animation to provide just the animation (file name: char_idle.x). The models exported just fine. I am not sure about the animation yet, but the file seems to be just fine. This is my code for loading the model into python & Panda3D: self.model = Actor("char.x",{"char_idle.x"}) When I run the program the command line provides a couple of errors, the main errors of interest are: :Actor(warning): char.x is not a character! and ... File "C:\Panda3D-1.8.0\direct\actor\Actor.py", line 284, in __init__ if (type(anims[anims.keys()[0]])==type({})): AttributeError: 'set' object has no attribute 'keys' The first error is the most interesting to me. The model works if I leave the animation dictionary blank. With no animations loaded the character appears in its un-animated T position, however the actor warning still shows up. The character should include the various bones when I exported the model right? I am not that experienced with blender, I'm just a programmer. So if the problem lies in blender please try to keep that in mind when posting a reply. I'll try my best to keep up. I also tried to print out the bone structure without any animations loaded and it provides a similar error with the line print self.model.listJoints(): File "C:\Panda3D-1.8.0\direct\actor\Actor.py", line 410, in listJoints Actor.notify.error("no part named: %s" % (partName)) File "C:\Panda3D-1.8.0\direct\directnotify\Notifier.py", line 132, in error raise exception(errorString) StandardError: no part named: modelRoot I really hope it is a simple exporting fix.

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• How can I attach a model to the bone of another model?

  - by kaykayman

  I am trying to attach one animated model to one of the bones of another animated model in an XNA game. I've found a few questions/forum posts/articles online which explain how to attach a weapon model to the bone of another model (which is analogous to what I'm trying to achieve), but they don't seem to work for me. So as an example: I want to attach Model A to a specific bone in Model B. Question 1. As I understand it, I need to calculate the transforms which are applied to the bone on Model B and apply these same transforms to every bone in Model A. Is this right? Question 2. This is my code for calculating the Transforms on a specific bone. private Matrix GetTransformPaths(ModelBone bone) { Matrix result = Matrix.Identity; while (bone != null) { result = result * bone.Transform; bone = bone.Parent; } return result; } The maths of Matrices is almost entirely lost on me, but my understanding is that the above will work its way up the bone structure to the root bone and my end result will be the transform of the original bone relative to the model. Is this right? Question 3. Assuming that this is correct I then expect that I should either apply this to each bone in Model A, or in my Draw() method: private void DrawModel(SceneModel model, GameTime gametime) { foreach (var component in model.Components) { Matrix[] transforms = new Matrix[component.Model.Bones.Count]; component.Model.CopyAbsoluteBoneTransformsTo(transforms); Matrix parenttransform = Matrix.Identity; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(component.ParentBone)) parenttransform = GetTransformPaths(model.GetBone(component.ParentBone)); component.Player.Update(gametime.ElapsedGameTime, true, Matrix.Identity); Matrix[] bones = component.Player.GetSkinTransforms(); foreach (SkinnedEffect effect in mesh.Effects) { effect.SetBoneTransforms(bones); effect.EnableDefaultLighting(); effect.World = transforms[mesh.ParentBone.Index] * Matrix.CreateRotationY(MathHelper.ToRadians(model.Angle)) * Matrix.CreateTranslation(model.Position) * parenttransform; effect.View = getView(); effect.Projection = getProjection(); effect.Alpha = model.Opacity; } } mesh.Draw(); } I feel as though I have tried every conceivable way of incorporating the parenttransform value into the draw method. The above is my most recent attempt. Is what I'm trying to do correct? And if so, is there a reason it doesn't work? The above Draw method seems to transpose the models x/z position - but even at these wrong positions, they do not account for the animation of Model B at all. Note: As will be evident from the code my "model" is comprised of a list of "components". It is these "components" that correspond to a single "Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.Model"

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• Blender to 3ds max to cal3d format

  - by Kaliber64

  There are quite a few questions on cal3d but they are old and don't apply anymore. In Blender(must be 2.49a for python script to work!!!): I have a scene with 7 meshes, 1 armature, 10 bones. I tried going to one mesh to simplify it but doesn't change anything. I found a small blend file that was used for cal3d and it exported just fine. So I tried to copy it's setup with no success. EDIT*8/13/2012 In the last week here is what I have found so far. I made the mesh in the newest blender(2.62?) and exported it to import it in the old one(2.49a). Did an animation in the old one because importing new blend files to old blenders, its just said it would lose keyframe data and all was good. And then you get the last problem of it not exporting meshes. BUT I found that meshes made in the old one export regardless. I can't find any that won't export. So if I used the old blender to remake my model I could get it to export :) At this point I found a modified release of cal3d (because the most core model variable would not initiate as I made a really small test subject in old blender instead of remaking my big one which took 4 hours.) which fixes the morph objects and adds what cal3d left off with. Under their license they have to release the modification but it has no documentation so I have to figure it out on my own. Its mostly the same. But with this lib it came with a 3ds max exporter. My question now is how do I transfer armature and mesh information from blender to 3ds max in order to export into cal3d format. Every time I try the models are see through and small and there are no bones. The formats I have tried to import are .3ds .obj(mesh only) and COLLADA. In all of them the mesh is invisible and no bones. It says the default texture is on so I should be able to see it. All the vertices are present I found a vertex highlighter so I can see those. If any of this is confusing let me know so I can clear it up. Its late .<=sleep.

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• Creating form using Generic_inlineformset_factory from the Model Form

  - by Prateek

  hello dear all, I wanted to create a edit form with the help of ModelForm. and my models contain a Generic relation b/w classes, so if any one could suggest me the view and a bit of template for the purpose I would be very thankful, as I am new to the language. My models look like:- class Employee(Person): nickname = models.CharField(_('nickname'), max_length=25, null=True, blank=True) blood_type = models.CharField(_('blood group'), max_length=3, null=True, blank=True, choices=BLOOD_TYPE_CHOICES) marital_status = models.CharField(_('marital status'), max_length=1, null=True, blank=True, choices=MARITAL_STATUS_CHOICES) nationality = CountryField(_('nationality'), default='IN', null=True, blank=True) about = models.TextField(_('about'), blank=True, null=True) dependent = models.ManyToManyField(Dependent, through='DependentRelationship') pan_card_number = models.CharField(_('PAN card number'), max_length=50, blank=True, null=True) policy_number = models.CharField(_('policy number'), max_length=50, null=True, blank=True) # code specific details user = models.OneToOneField(User, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name=_('user')) class Person(models.Model): """Person model""" title = models.CharField(_('title'), max_length=20, null=True, blank=True) first_name = models.CharField(_('first name'), max_length=100) middle_name = models.CharField(_('middle name'), max_length=100, null=True, blank=True) last_name = models.CharField(_('last name'), max_length=100, null=True, blank=True) suffix = models.CharField(_('suffix'), max_length=20, null=True, blank=True) slug = models.SlugField(_('slug'), max_length=50, unique=True) class PhoneNumber(models.Model) : phone_number = generic.GenericRelation('PhoneNumber') email_address = generic.GenericRelation('EmailAddress') address = generic.GenericRelation('Address') date_of_birth = models.DateField(_('date of birth'), null=True, blank=True) gender = models.CharField(_('gender'), max_length=1, null=True, blank=True, choices=GENDER_CHOICES) content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType, If anyone could suggest me a link or so. it would be a great help........

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• shopify_app syntax error

  - by Pete171

  Edit: Debugging has got me further. Question clarified. We have installed Ruby, RubyGems and Rails and have forked the shopify_app project. We have created a new rails applications and added three items to the Gemfile: execjs, therubyracer and shopify_app. Running rails s in order to start our rails application returns this trace: root@ubuntu:/usr/local/pete-shopify/cart# rails s Faraday: you may want to install system_timer for reliable timeouts /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/shopify_app-4.1.0/lib/shopify_app.rb:15:in `require': /var/lib /gems/1.8/gems/shopify_app-4.1.0/lib/shopify_app/login_protection.rb:5: syntax error, unexpected ':', expecting kEND (SyntaxError) ...rce::UnauthorizedAccess, with: :close_session ^ from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/shopify_app-4.1.0/lib/shopify_app.rb:15 from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.2.1/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:68:in `require' from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.2.1/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:68:in `require' from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.2.1/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:66:in `each' from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.2.1/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:66:in `require' from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.2.1/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:55:in `each' from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.2.1/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:55:in `require' from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.2.1/lib/bundler.rb:128:in `require' from /usr/local/pete-shopify/cart/config/application.rb:7 from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.2.8/lib/rails/commands.rb:53:in `require' from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.2.8/lib/rails/commands.rb:53 from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.2.8/lib/rails/commands.rb:50:in `tap' from /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.2.8/lib/rails/commands.rb:50 from script/rails:6:in `require' from script/rails:6 I haven't modified any files since forking from Github. Lines 1 - 6 of login_protection.rb are as follows: module ShopifyApp::LoginProtection extend ActiveSupport::Concern included do rescue from ActiveResource::UnauthorizedAccess, with: :close_session end I've looked into this and it seems that the error is caused by a new-style hash syntax between Ruby 1.8 and 1.9; key : value instead of key => value. Running ruby -v from the command line returns ruby 1.9.3p0 (2011-10-30 revision 33570) [x86_64-linux]. This would seem to be OK... but I did some debugging, and inside the file /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/shopify_app-4.1.0/lib/shopify_app.rb (at the top) by putting this: puts RUBY_VERSION exit It printed 1.8.7. **Why are ruby -v and RUBY_VERSION giving me different results? And am I correct in assuming this is the cause of my problems? Note: To upgrade Ruby I installed the later version with apt-get and then switched to it by using update-alternatives --config ruby and selecting option 2 like this: root@ubuntu:/usr/local/pete-shopify/cart# update-alternatives --config ruby There are 2 choices for the alternative ruby (providing /usr/bin/ruby). Selection Path Priority Status ------------------------------------------------------------ 0 /usr/bin/ruby1.8 50 auto mode 1 /usr/bin/ruby1.8 50 manual mode * 2 /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 10 manual mode Also note: We're PHP/Python developers so this is all new to us! Summary: 1 - Am I right in determining the cause of the syntax error? 2 - Why does RUBY_VERSION and ruby -v give me different results?

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• Structure for Django methods that span different models

  - by Duncan

  I have two models (say A and B) which are independent and have independent methods. I want to add some methods that operate on both models though. for example, addX() will create an object from both models A and B. What's the best way to structure code in this situation, since it doesnt make sense to have the method belong to either of the models methods. Is the standard to write a service for the kind of 'abstract' model?

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• C++ problem with assimp 3D model loader

  - by Brendan Webster

  In my game I have model loading functions for Assimp model loading library. I can load the model and render it, but the model displays incorrectly. The models load in as if they were using a seperate projection matrix. I have looked over my code over and over again, but I probably keep on missing the obvious reason why this is happening. Here is an image of my game: It's simply a 6 sided cube, but it's off big time! Here are my code snippets for rendering the cube to the screen: void C_MediaLoader::display(void) { float tmp; glTranslatef(0,0,0); // rotate it around the y axis glRotatef(angle,0.f,0.f,1.f); glColor4f(1,1,1,1); // scale the whole asset to fit into our view frustum tmp = scene_max.x-scene_min.x; tmp = aisgl_max(scene_max.y - scene_min.y,tmp); tmp = aisgl_max(scene_max.z - scene_min.z,tmp); tmp = (1.f / tmp); glScalef(tmp/5, tmp/5, tmp/5); // center the model //glTranslatef( -scene_center.x, -scene_center.y, -scene_center.z ); // if the display list has not been made yet, create a new one and // fill it with scene contents if(scene_list == 0) { scene_list = glGenLists(1); glNewList(scene_list, GL_COMPILE); // now begin at the root node of the imported data and traverse // the scenegraph by multiplying subsequent local transforms // together on GL's matrix stack. recursive_render(scene, scene->mRootNode); glEndList(); } glCallList(scene_list); } void C_MediaLoader::recursive_render (const struct aiScene *sc, const struct aiNode* nd) { unsigned int i; unsigned int n = 0, t; struct aiMatrix4x4 m = nd->mTransformation; // update transform aiTransposeMatrix4(&m); glPushMatrix(); glMultMatrixf((float*)&m); // draw all meshes assigned to this node for (; n < nd->mNumMeshes; ++n) { const struct aiMesh* mesh = scene->mMeshes[nd->mMeshes[n]]; apply_material(sc->mMaterials[mesh->mMaterialIndex]); if(mesh->mNormals == NULL) { glDisable(GL_LIGHTING); } else { glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); } for (t = 0; t < mesh->mNumFaces; ++t) { const struct aiFace* face = &mesh->mFaces[t]; GLenum face_mode; switch(face->mNumIndices) { case 1: face_mode = GL_POINTS; break; case 2: face_mode = GL_LINES; break; case 3: face_mode = GL_TRIANGLES; break; default: face_mode = GL_POLYGON; break; } glBegin(face_mode); for(i = 0; i < face->mNumIndices; i++) { int index = face->mIndices[i]; if(mesh->mColors[0] != NULL) glColor4fv((GLfloat*)&mesh->mColors[0][index]); if(mesh->mNormals != NULL) glNormal3fv(&mesh->mNormals[index].x); glVertex3fv(&mesh->mVertices[index].x); } glEnd(); } } // draw all children for (n = 0; n < nd->mNumChildren; ++n) { recursive_render(sc, nd->mChildren[n]); } glPopMatrix(); } Sorry there is so much code to look through, but I really cannot find the problem, and I would love to have help.

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• Problem with Assimp 3D model loader

  - by Brendan Webster

  In my game I have model loading functions for Assimp model loading library. I can load the model and render it, but the model displays incorrectly. The models load in as if they were using a seperate projection matrix. I have looked over my code over and over again, but I probably keep on missing the obvious reason why this is happening. Here is an image of my game: It's simply a 6 sided cube, but it's off big time! Here are my code snippets for rendering the cube to the screen: void C_MediaLoader::display(void) { float tmp; glTranslatef(0,0,0); // rotate it around the y axis glRotatef(angle,0.f,0.f,1.f); glColor4f(1,1,1,1); // scale the whole asset to fit into our view frustum tmp = scene_max.x-scene_min.x; tmp = aisgl_max(scene_max.y - scene_min.y,tmp); tmp = aisgl_max(scene_max.z - scene_min.z,tmp); tmp = (1.f / tmp); glScalef(tmp/5, tmp/5, tmp/5); // center the model //glTranslatef( -scene_center.x, -scene_center.y, -scene_center.z ); // if the display list has not been made yet, create a new one and // fill it with scene contents if(scene_list == 0) { scene_list = glGenLists(1); glNewList(scene_list, GL_COMPILE); // now begin at the root node of the imported data and traverse // the scenegraph by multiplying subsequent local transforms // together on GL's matrix stack. recursive_render(scene, scene->mRootNode); glEndList(); } glCallList(scene_list); } void C_MediaLoader::recursive_render (const struct aiScene *sc, const struct aiNode* nd) { unsigned int i; unsigned int n = 0, t; struct aiMatrix4x4 m = nd->mTransformation; // update transform aiTransposeMatrix4(&m); glPushMatrix(); glMultMatrixf((float*)&m); // draw all meshes assigned to this node for (; n < nd->mNumMeshes; ++n) { const struct aiMesh* mesh = scene->mMeshes[nd->mMeshes[n]]; apply_material(sc->mMaterials[mesh->mMaterialIndex]); if(mesh->mNormals == NULL) { glDisable(GL_LIGHTING); } else { glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); } for (t = 0; t < mesh->mNumFaces; ++t) { const struct aiFace* face = &mesh->mFaces[t]; GLenum face_mode; switch(face->mNumIndices) { case 1: face_mode = GL_POINTS; break; case 2: face_mode = GL_LINES; break; case 3: face_mode = GL_TRIANGLES; break; default: face_mode = GL_POLYGON; break; } glBegin(face_mode); for(i = 0; i < face->mNumIndices; i++) { int index = face->mIndices[i]; if(mesh->mColors[0] != NULL) glColor4fv((GLfloat*)&mesh->mColors[0][index]); if(mesh->mNormals != NULL) glNormal3fv(&mesh->mNormals[index].x); glVertex3fv(&mesh->mVertices[index].x); } glEnd(); } } // draw all children for (n = 0; n < nd->mNumChildren; ++n) { recursive_render(sc, nd->mChildren[n]); } glPopMatrix(); } Sorry there is so much code to look through, but I really cannot find the problem, and I would love to have help.

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• ProgrammingError when aggregating over an annotated & grouped Django ORM query

  - by ento

  I'm trying to construct a query to get the "average, maximum, minimum number of items purchased by a single user". The data source is this simple sales record table: class SalesRecord(models.Model): id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True) user_id = models.IntegerField() product_code = models.CharField() price = models.IntegerField() created_at = models.DateTimeField() A new record is inserted into this table for every item purchased by a user. Here's my attempt at building the query: q = SalesRecord.objects.all() q = q.values('user_id').annotate( # group by user and count the # of records count=Count('id'), # (= # of items) ).order_by() result = q.aggregate(Max('count'), Min('count'), Avg('count')) When I try to execute the code, a ProgrammingError is raised at the last line: (1064, "You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'FROM (SELECT sales_records.user_id AS user_id, COUNT(sales_records.`' at line 1") Django's error screen shows that the SQL is SELECT FROM (SELECT `sales_records`.`player_id` AS `player_id`, COUNT(`sales_records`.`id`) AS `count` FROM `sales_records` WHERE (`sales_records`.`created_at` >= %s AND `sales_records`.`created_at` <= %s ) GROUP BY `sales_records`.`player_id` ORDER BY NULL) subquery It's not selecting anything! Can someone please show me the right way to do this? Hacking Django I've found that clearing the cache of selected fields in django.db.models.sql.BaseQuery.get_aggregation() seems to solve the problem. Though I'm not really sure this is a fix or a workaround. @@ -327,10 +327,13 @@ # Remove any aggregates marked for reduction from the subquery # and move them to the outer AggregateQuery. + self._aggregate_select_cache = None + self.aggregate_select_mask = None for alias, aggregate in self.aggregate_select.items(): if aggregate.is_summary: query.aggregate_select[alias] = aggregate - del obj.aggregate_select[alias] + if alias in obj.aggregate_select: + del obj.aggregate_select[alias] ... yields result: {'count__max': 267, 'count__avg': 26.2563, 'count__min': 1}

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• Migration for creating and deleting model in South

  - by Almad

  I've created a model and created initial migration for it: db.create_table('tvguide_tvguide', ( ('id', models.AutoField(primary_key=True)), ('date', models.DateField(_('Date'), auto_now=True, db_index=True)), )) db.send_create_signal('tvguide', ['TVGuide']) models = { 'tvguide.tvguide': { 'channels': ('models.ManyToManyField', ["orm['tvguide.Channel']"], {'through': "'ChannelInTVGuide'"}), 'date': ('models.DateField', ["_('Date')"], {'auto_now': 'True', 'db_index': 'True'}), 'id': ('models.AutoField', [], {'primary_key': 'True'}) } } complete_apps = ['tvguide'] Now, I'd like to drop it: db.drop_table('tvguide_tvguide') However, I have also deleted corresponding model. South (at least 0.6.2) is however trying to access it: (venv)[almad@eva-03 project]$ ./manage.py migrate tvguide Running migrations for tvguide: - Migrating forwards to 0002_removemodels. > tvguide: 0001_initial Traceback (most recent call last): File "./manage.py", line 27, in <module> execute_from_command_line() File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 353, in execute_from_command_line utility.execute() File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 303, in execute self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 195, in run_from_argv self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 222, in execute output = self.handle(*args, **options) File "/home/almad/projects/mypage-all/lib/python2.6/site-packages/south/management/commands/migrate.py", line 91, in handle skip = skip, File "/home/almad/projects/mypage-all/lib/python2.6/site-packages/south/migration.py", line 581, in migrate_app result = run_forwards(mapp, [mname], fake=fake, db_dry_run=db_dry_run, verbosity=verbosity) File "/home/almad/projects/mypage-all/lib/python2.6/site-packages/south/migration.py", line 388, in run_forwards verbosity = verbosity, File "/home/almad/projects/mypage-all/lib/python2.6/site-packages/south/migration.py", line 287, in run_migrations orm = klass.orm File "/home/almad/projects/mypage-all/lib/python2.6/site-packages/south/orm.py", line 62, in __get__ self.orm = FakeORM(*self._args) File "/home/almad/projects/mypage-all/lib/python2.6/site-packages/south/orm.py", line 45, in FakeORM _orm_cache[args] = _FakeORM(*args) File "/home/almad/projects/mypage-all/lib/python2.6/site-packages/south/orm.py", line 106, in __init__ self.models[name] = self.make_model(app_name, model_name, data) File "/home/almad/projects/mypage-all/lib/python2.6/site-packages/south/orm.py", line 307, in make_model tuple(map(ask_for_it_by_name, bases)), File "/home/almad/projects/mypage-all/lib/python2.6/site-packages/south/utils.py", line 23, in ask_for_it_by_name ask_for_it_by_name.cache[name] = _ask_for_it_by_name(name) File "/home/almad/projects/mypage-all/lib/python2.6/site-packages/south/utils.py", line 17, in _ask_for_it_by_name return getattr(module, bits[-1]) AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'TVGuide' Is there a way around?

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• Manditory read-only fields in django

  - by jamida

  I'm writing a test "grade book" application. The models.py file is shown below. class Student(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=50) parent = models.CharField(max_length=50) def __unicode__(self): return self.name class Grade(models.Model): studentId = models.ForeignKey(Student) finalGrade = models.CharField(max_length=3) I'd like to be able to change the final grade for several students in a modelformset but for now I'm just trying one student at a time. I'm also trying to create a form for it that shows the student name as a field that can not be changed, the only thing that can be changed here is the finalGrade. So I used this trick to make the studentId read-only. class GradeROForm(ModelForm): studentId = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=Student.objects.all()) def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): super(GradeROForm,self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) instance = getattr(self, 'instance', None) if instance and instance.id: self.fields['studentId'].widget.attrs['disabled']='disabled' def clean_studentId(self): instance = getattr(self,'instance',None) if instance: return instance.studentId else: return self.cleaned_data.get('studentId',None) class Meta: model=Grade And here is my view: def modifyGrade(request,student): student = Student.objects.get(name=student) mygrade = Grade.objects.get(studentId=student) if request.method == "POST": myform = GradeROForm(data=request.POST, instance=mygrade) if myform.is_valid(): grade = myform.save() info = "successfully updated %s" % grade.studentId else: myform=GradeROForm(instance=mygrade) return render_to_response('grades/modifyGrade.html',locals()) This displays the form like I expect, but when I hit "submit" I get a form validation error for the student field telling me this field is required. I'm guessing that, since the field is "disabled", the value is not being reported in the POST and for reasons unknown to me the instance isn't being used in its place. I'm a new Django/Python programmer, but quite experienced in other languages. I can't believe I've stumbled upon such a difficult to solve problem in my first significant django app. I figure I must be missing something. Any ideas?

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• Left Join with a OneToOne field in Django

  - by jamida

  I have 2 tables, simpleDB_all and simpleDB_some. The "all" table has an entry for every item I want, while the "some" table has entries only for some items that need additional information. The Django models for these are: class all(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=40) important_info = models.CharField(max_length=40) class some(models.Model): all_key = models.OneToOneField(all) extra_info = models.CharField(max_length=40) I'd like to create a view that shows every item in "all" with the extra info if it exists in "some". Since I'm using a 1-1 field I can do this with almost complete success: allitems = all.objects.all() for item in allitems: print item.name, item.important_info, item.some.extra_info but when I get to the item that doesn't have a corresponding entry in the "some" table I get a DoesNotExist exception. Ideally I'd be doing this loop inside a template, so it's impossible to wrap it around a "try" clause. Any thoughts? I can get the desired effect directly in SQL using a query like this: SELECT all.name, all.important_info, some.extra_info FROM all LEFT JOIN some ON all.id = some.all_key_id; But I'd rather not use raw SQL.

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• How to create a view to manage associations between HABTM models? (Rails)

  - by Chris Hart

  Hello, I am using Ruby on Rails and need to create a view that allows the creation of records through a HABTM relationship to another model. Specifically, I have the following models: Customer and ServiceOverride, and a join table customers_serviceoverrides. Using the customer view for create/update, I need to be able to create, update and delete ServiceOverrides and manage the attributes of the associated model(s) from the same view. Visually I'd prefer to have something like a plus/minus sign to add/delete service overrides, and each serviceoverride record has two string entities which need to be displayed and editable as well. However, if I could just get the code (a kind of nested form, I'm assuming?) working, I could work out the UI aspects. The models are pretty simple: class ServiceOverride < ActiveRecord::Base has_and_belongs_to_many :customers end class Customer < ActiveRecord::Base has_and_belongs_to_many :serviceoverrides end The closest thing I've found explaining this online is on this blog but it doesn't really address what I'm trying to do (both manage the linkages to the other model, and edit attributes of that model. Any help is appreciated. Thanks in advance. Chris

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• How to filter Many2Many / Generic Relations properly with Q?

  - by HWM-Rocker

  Hi, I have 3 Models, the TaggedObject has a GenericRelation with the ObjectTagBridge. And the ObjectTagBridge has a ForeignKey to the Tag Model. class TaggedObject(models.Model): """ class that represent a tagged object """ tags = generic.GenericRelation('ObjectTagBridge', blank=True, null=True) class ObjectTagBridge(models.Model): """ Help to connect a generic object to a Tag. """ # pylint: disable-msg=W0232,R0903 content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType) object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField() content_object = generic.GenericForeignKey('content_type', 'object_id') tag = models.ForeignKey('Tag') class Tag(models.Model): ... when I am attaching a Tag to an Object, I am creating a new ObjectTagBridge and set its ForeignKey tag to the Tag I want to attach. That is working fine, and I can get all Tags that I attached to my Object very easy. But when I want to get (filter) all Objects that have Tag1 and Tag2 I tried to something like this: query = Q(tags__tag=Tag1) & Q(tags__tag=Tag2) object_list = TaggedObjects.filter(query) but now my object_list is empty, because it is looking for TaggedObjects that have one ObjectTagBridge with 2 tag objects, the first with Tag1 and the second with Tag2. I my application will be more complex Q queries than this one, so I think I need a solution with this Q object. In fact any combination of binary conjunctions, like: (...) and ( (...) or not(...)) How can I filter this correctly? Every answer is welcome, maybe there is also a different way do achieve this. thx for your help!!!

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• Why is my django bulk database population so slow and frequently failing?

  - by bryn

  I decided I'd like to use django's model system rather than coding raw SQL to interface with my database, but I am having a problem that surely is avoidable. My models.py contains: class Student(models.Model): student_id = models.IntegerField(unique = True) form = models.CharField(max_length = 10) preferred = models.CharField(max_length = 70) surname = models.CharField(max_length = 70) and I'm populating it by looping through a list as follows: from models import Student for id, frm, pref, sname in large_list_of_data: s = Student(student_id = id, form = frm, preferred = pref, surname = sname) s.save() I don't really want to be saving this to the database each time but I don't know another way to get django to not forget about it (I'd rather add all the rows and then do a single commit). There are two problems with the code as it stands. It's slow -- about 20 students get updated each second. It doesn't even make it through large_list_of_data, instead throwing a DatabaseError saying "unable to open database file". (Possibly because I'm using sqlite3.) My question is: How can I stop these two things from happening? I'm guessing that the root of both problems is that I've got the s.save() but I don't see a way of easily batching the students up and then saving them in one commit to the database.

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• Ruby on Rails: How to create associated models on the fly ?

  - by Misha Moroshko

  I have the following models: class Product < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :brand belongs_to :model accepts_nested_attributes_for :brand, :model ... end class Brand < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :products has_many :models ... end class Model < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :products belongs_to :brand accepts_nested_attributes_for :brand ... end I have a problem to create a new product. Here is the relevant code in the controller: class ProductsController < ApplicationController ... def create @product = Product.new(params[:product]) if @product.save ... # Here is the error end ... end When user adds a new brand and a new model, params[:product] contains the following: "brand_attributes"=>{"name"=>"my_new_brand"} "model_attributes"=>{"model_no"=>"my_new_model"} and I got the following error: Mysql2::Error: Column 'brand_id' cannot be null: INSERT INTO `models` ... because model has a foreign key brand_id which is not set. I can't set it because the brand (like the model) is created on the fly when the product is created. I don't want to create the brand before the product, because then I the product has errors, I will need to delete the created brand. Then I tried to change params[:product] like this: "brand_attributes"=>{"name"=>"my_new_brand", "model_attributes"=>{"model_no"=>"my_new_model"}} but I end up with this: unknown attribute: model_attributes What would be the proper way to handle this ?

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• Why do I get 'Connection refused - connect(2)' for some models?

  - by Will

  I have a rails application running for the past 90 days that suddenly stopped working. Debugging the problem I found that I can read from the DB but not write to it. At least for certain models. There is one model that I can save whereas all others return Connection refused - connect(2) when I attempt to save them. They all used to work fine last month. I have no idea how to determine what the problem may be. Unfortunately I do not have access to the actual server remotely right now so I am limited in my debugging ability. I was able to get some non-tech people to run simple commands though that may help identify my problem. I will also be getting access tomorrow at some point. 1 Check from the console ./script/console >> a = Post.last.clone => #<Post id: nil, title: "test"... >> a.ex_id = 7 >> a.save Connection refused - connect(2) ... ... >> b = Story.last.console => #<Story id: nil, title: "test"... >> a.ex_id = 7 >> a.save => true I am not sure why this works for story and not post. This is consistent over many tests. 2 Check from mysql ./script/dbconsole -p mysql> INSERT INTO Posts (`title`,`body`, `ex_id`) SELECT `title`, `body`, 7 FROM Posts WHERE ID = 1; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 And as you can see I am able to write to the table with the same credientials that Rails uses? Does anyone know why I get connection refused in the console?

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• Rails 3 NameError (cannot remove Object::Version) error

  - by Jeff D

  Can anyone point me at what might be causing this error? There is no ApplicationTrace, and it locks the server hard on my development machine. I think it has something to do with the way rails reloads your classes in development mode, and it appears to have something to do with a Version constant. I can't find a reference to this though. Can anyone point me in the direction of what would cause this? activesupport (3.0.3) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:645:in `remove_const' activesupport (3.0.3) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:645:in `remove_constant' activesupport (3.0.3) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:645:in `instance_eval' activesupport (3.0.3) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:645:in `remove_constant' activesupport (3.0.3) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `remove_unloadable_constants!' activesupport (3.0.3) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `each' activesupport (3.0.3) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `remove_unloadable_constants!' activesupport (3.0.3) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:317:in `clear' railties (3.0.3) lib/rails/application/bootstrap.rb:60:in `_callback_after_7' activesupport (3.0.3) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:419:in `_run_call_callbacks' actionpack (3.0.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:44:in `call' rack (1.2.1) lib/rack/sendfile.rb:107:in `call' actionpack (3.0.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb:48:in `call' actionpack (3.0.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:46:in `call' railties (3.0.3) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:13:in `call' rack (1.2.1) lib/rack/runtime.rb:17:in `call' activesupport (3.0.3) lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache.rb:72:in `call' rack (1.2.1) lib/rack/lock.rb:11:in `call' rack (1.2.1) lib/rack/lock.rb:11:in `synchronize' rack (1.2.1) lib/rack/lock.rb:11:in `call' actionpack (3.0.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:30:in `call' railties (3.0.3) lib/rails/application.rb:168:in `call' railties (3.0.3) lib/rails/application.rb:77:in `send' railties (3.0.3) lib/rails/application.rb:77:in `method_missing' railties (3.0.3) lib/rails/rack/log_tailer.rb:14:in `call' rack (1.2.1) lib/rack/content_length.rb:13:in `call' rack (1.2.1) lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb:52:in `service' /Volumes/files/jeffdeville/.rvm/rubies/ree-1.8.7-2010.02/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/httpserver.rb:104:in `service' /Volumes/files/jeffdeville/.rvm/rubies/ree-1.8.7-2010.02/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/httpserver.rb:65:in `run' /Volumes/files/jeffdeville/.rvm/rubies/ree-1.8.7-2010.02/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:173:in `start_thread' /Volumes/files/jeffdeville/.rvm/rubies/ree-1.8.7-2010.02/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:162:in `start' /Volumes/files/jeffdeville/.rvm/rubies/ree-1.8.7-2010.02/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:162:in `start_thread' /Volumes/files/jeffdeville/.rvm/rubies/ree-1.8.7-2010.02/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:95:in `start' /Volumes/files/jeffdeville/.rvm/rubies/ree-1.8.7-2010.02/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:92:in `each' /Volumes/files/jeffdeville/.rvm/rubies/ree-1.8.7-2010.02/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:92:in `start' /Volumes/files/jeffdeville/.rvm/rubies/ree-1.8.7-2010.02/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:23:in `start' /Volumes/files/jeffdeville/.rvm/rubies/ree-1.8.7-2010.02/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:82:in `start' rack (1.2.1) lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb:13:in `run' rack (1.2.1) lib/rack/server.rb:213:in `start' railties (3.0.3) lib/rails/commands/server.rb:65:in `start' railties (3.0.3) lib/rails/commands.rb:30 railties (3.0.3) lib/rails/commands.rb:27:in `tap' railties (3.0.3) lib/rails/commands.rb:27 script/rails:6:in `require' script/rails:6

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• Ruby on Rails: How to sanitize a string for SQL when not using find?

  - by williamjones

  I'm trying to sanitize a string that involves user input without having to resort to manually crafting my own possibly buggy regex if possible, however, if that is the only way I would also appreciate if anyone can point me in the right direction to a regex that is unlikely to be missing anything. There are a number of methods in Rails that can allow you to enter in native SQL commands, how do people escape user input for those? The question I'm asking is a broad one, but in my particular case, I'm working with a column in my Postgres database that Rails does not natively understand as far as I know, the tsvector, which holds plain text search information. Rails is able to write and read from it as if it's a string, however, unlike a string, it doesn't seem to be automatically escaping it when I do things like vector= inside the model. For example, when I do model.name='::', where name is a string, it works fine. When I do model.vector='::' it errors out: ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: PGError: ERROR: syntax error in tsvector: "::" "vectors" = E'::' WHERE "id" = 1 This seems to be a problem caused by lack of escaping of the semicolons, and I can manually set the vector='\:\:' fine. I also had the bright idea, maybe I can just call something like: ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute "UPDATE medias SET vectors = ? WHERE id = 1", "::" However, this syntax doesn't work, because the raw SQL commands don't have access to find's method of escaping and inputting strings by using the ? mark. This strikes me as the same problem as calling connection.execute with any type of user input, as it all boils down to sanitizing the strings, but I can't seem to find any way to manually call Rails' SQL string sanitization methods. Can anyone provide any advice?

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• Ruby on Rails: How to sanitize a string for SQL when not using find and other built-in methods?

  - by williamjones

  I'm trying to sanitize a string that involves user input without having to resort to manually crafting my own possibly buggy regex if possible. There are a number of methods in Rails that can allow you to enter in native SQL commands, how do people escape user input for those? The question I'm asking is a broad one, but in my particular case, I'm working with a column in my Postgres database that Rails does not natively understand as far as I know, the tsvector, which holds plain text search information. Rails is able to write and read from it as if it's a string, however, unlike a string, it doesn't seem to be automatically escaping it when I do things like vector= inside the model. For example, when I do model.name='::', where name is a string, it works fine. When I do model.vector='::' it errors out: ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: PGError: ERROR: syntax error in tsvector: "::" "vectors" = E'::' WHERE "id" = 1 This seems to be a problem caused by lack of escaping of the semicolons, and I can manually set the vector='\:\:' fine. I also had the bright idea, maybe I can just call something like: ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute "UPDATE medias SET vectors = ? WHERE id = 1", "::" However, this syntax doesn't work, because the raw SQL commands don't have access to find's method of escaping and inputting strings by using the ? mark. This strikes me as the same problem as calling connection.execute with any type of user input, as it all boils down to sanitizing the strings, but I can't seem to find any way to manually call Rails' SQL string sanitization methods. Can anyone provide any advice?

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• Adding defaults and indexes to a script/generate command in a Rails Template?

  - by charliepark

  I'm trying to set up a Rails Template that would allow for comprehensive set-up of a specific Rails app. Using Pratik Naik's overview (http://m.onkey.org/2008/12/4/rails-templates), I was able to set up a couple of scaffolds and models, with a line that looks something like this ... generate("scaffold", "post", "title:string", "body:string") I'm now trying to add in Delayed Jobs, which normally has a migration file that looks like this: create_table :delayed_jobs, :force => true do |table| table.integer :priority, :default => 0 # Allows some jobs to jump to the front of the queue table.integer :attempts, :default => 0 # Provides for retries, but still fail eventually. table.text :handler # YAML-encoded string of the object that will do work table.text :last_error # reason for last failure (See Note below) table.datetime :run_at # When to run. Could be Time.now for immediately, or sometime in the future. table.datetime :locked_at # Set when a client is working on this object table.datetime :failed_at # Set when all retries have failed (actually, by default, the record is deleted instead) table.string :locked_by # Who is working on this object (if locked) table.timestamps end So, what I'm trying to do with the Rails template, is to add in that :default = 0 into the master template file. I know that the rest of the template's command should look like this: generate("migration", "createDelayedJobs", "priority:integer", "attempts:integer", "handler:text", "last_error:text", "run_at:datetime", "locked_at:datetime", "failed_at:datetime", "locked_by:string") Where would I put (or, rather, what is the syntax to add) the :default values in that? And if I wanted to add an index, what's the best way to do that?

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• Why does Ruby have Rails while Python has no central framework?

  - by yar

  This is a(n) historical question, not a comparison-between-languages question: This article from 2005 talks about the lack of a single, central framework for Python. For Ruby, this framework is clearly Rails. Why, historically speaking, did this happen for Ruby but not for Python? (or did it happen, and that framework is Django?) Also, the hypothetical questions: would Python be more popular if it had one, good framework? Would Ruby be less popular if it had no central framework? [Please avoid discussions of whether Ruby or Python is better, which is just too open-ended to answer.] Edit: Though I thought this is obvious, I'm not saying that other frameworks do not exist for Ruby, but rather that the big one in terms of popularity is Rails. Also, I should mention that I'm not saying that frameworks for Python are not as good (or better than) Rails. Every framework has its pros and cons, but Rails seems to, as Ben Blank says in the one of the comments below, have surpassed Ruby in terms of popularity. There are no examples of that on the Python side. WHY? That's the question.

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