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• In a digital photo, how can I detect if a mountain is obscured by clouds?

  - by Gavin Brock

  The problem I have a collection of digital photos of a mountain in Japan. However the mountain is often obscured by clouds or fog. What techniques can I use to detect that the mountain is visible in the image? I am currently using Perl with the Imager module, but open to alternatives. All the images are taken from the exact same position - these are some samples. My naïve solution I started by taking several horizontal pixel samples of the mountain cone and comparing the brightness values to other samples from the sky. This worked well for differentiating good image 1 and bad image 2. However in the autumn it snowed and the mountain became brighter than the sky, like image 3, and my simple brightness test started to fail. Image 4 is an example of an edge case. I would classify this as a good image since some of the mountain is clearly visible. UPDATE 1 Thank you for the suggestions - I am happy you all vastly over-estimated my competence. Based on the answers, I have started trying the ImageMagick edge-detect transform, which gives me a much simpler image to analyze. convert sample.jpg -edge 1 edge.jpg I assume I should use some kind of masking to get rid of the trees and most of the clouds. Once I have the masked image, what is the best way to compare the similarity to a 'good' image? I guess the "compare" command suited for this job? How do I get a numeric 'similarity' value from this?

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• How to use json object notation to retrieve dbpedia json data

  - by Margi

  In my php code, I am retrieving json data as below. <?php $url = "http://dbpedia.org/data/Los_Angeles.json"; $data = file_get_contents($url); echo $data; ?> The javascript code consumes this json data returned from php and gets the json object as below. var doc = eval('(' + request.responseText + ')'); How to retrieve the following json data using dot notations. The keys contain URLs. "http://dbpedia.org/ontology/populationTotal" : [ { "type" : "literal", "value" : 3792621 , "datatype" : "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer" } ] , "http://dbpedia.org/ontology/PopulatedPlace/areaTotal" : [ { "type" : "literal", "value" : "1301.9688931491348" , "datatype" : "http://dbpedia.org/datatype/squareKilometre" }

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• Android Context.bindService always returns false and ServiceConnection object is never triggered

  - by mosfet

  I have followed the Local Service example provided by Google, but my Context::bindService(...) always returns false and there is ServiceConnection::onServiceConnected is also never called. I understand that Context::bindService() returns immediately, but my ServiceConnection object is never triggered. I don't know if these apply My activity is running inside a tabHost and I was wondering if that can affect service binding in any way. The Service itself may have a problem, but I can call start service to the same service with the same Intent and it works as expected. Does anyone have experience with this? Please help me out. Thanks, P.S. I am targeting Android 1.6

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• Example with Visitor Pattern

  - by devoured elysium

  public class Song { public string Genre { get; protected set; } public string Name { get; protected set; } public string Band { get; protected set; } public Song(string name, string band, string genre) { Name = name; Genre = genre; Band = band; } } public interface IMusicVisistor { void Visit(List<Song> items); } public class MusicLibrary { List<Song> _songs = new List<Song> { ...songs ... }; public void Accept(IMusicVisitor visitor) { visitor.Visit(_songs); } } and now here's one Visitor I made: public class RockMusicVisitor : IMusicVisitor { public List<Song> Songs { get; protected set; } public void Visit(List<Song> items) { Songs = items.Where(x => x.Genre == "Rock").ToList(); } } Why is this any better than just putting a public property Songs and then letting any kind of class do with it anything that it wants to? This example comes from this post.

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• Abstract class in Java

  - by keyur

  What is an "abstract class" in Java?

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• In a digital photo, detecting if a mountain is obscured by clouds.

  - by Gavin Brock

  The problem I have a collection of digital photos of a mountain in Japan. However the mountain is often obscured by clouds or fog. What techniques can I use to detect that the mountain is visible in the image? I am currently using Perl with the Imager module, but open to alternatives. All the images are taken from the exact same position - these are some samples. My naïve solution I started by taking several horizontal pixel samples of the mountain cone and comparing the brightness values to other samples from the sky. This worked well for differentiating good image 1 and bad image 2. However in the autumn it snowed and the mountain became brighter than the sky, like image 3, and my simple brightness test started to fail. Image 4 is an example of an edge case. I would classify this as a good image since some of the mountain is clearly visible.

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• OOP Design for an Economy

  - by waiwai933

  Not sure where to start, so I'm just going to plow in. Let's say I'm trying to represent an economy in OOP. A basic design I've come up with is: class Person{ int $money; // Money someone has in wallet/purse int $bank_account_id; function getAmountOfMoney() function addMoney($amountToAdd) function subtractMoney($amountToSubtract) } class BankAccount{ int $money; // Money in Bank Account int $interest_per_year; function giveInterest() function depositMoney() // Calls $person->subtractMoney() function withdrawMoney() // Calls $person->addMoney() } Are there any design flaws here?

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• How do you use the LINQ to SQL designer to generate accessor methods for subclasses?

  - by Pricey

  Above is the LINQ to SQL designer view for my data context. Below is the relevant code: public System.Data.Linq.Table<ActivityBase> ActivityBases { get { return this.GetTable<ActivityBase>(); } } ... [Table(Name="dbo.Activities")] [InheritanceMapping(Code="1", Type=typeof(ActivityBase), IsDefault=true)] [InheritanceMapping(Code="2", Type=typeof(Project))] [InheritanceMapping(Code="3", Type=typeof(ProjectActivity))] [InheritanceMapping(Code="5", Type=typeof(Task))] [InheritanceMapping(Code="4", Type=typeof(Activity))] public abstract partial class ActivityBase : INotifyPropertyChanging, INotifyPropertyChanged { ... Is there a way to generate accessor methods for the subclasses as shown in the inheritance mapping above (Project, Task, etc...) without doing it manually? I added them manually but then a change in the designer overwrites any manual changes. Am i doing this wrong? should I not be making accessors for the sub classes? filtering from ActivityBase seems worse to me. Thanks for any help on this.

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• "Closures are poor man's objects and vice versa" - What does this mean?

  - by Rahul G

  Closures are poor man's objects and vice versa. I have seen this statement at many places on the web (including SO) but I don't quite understand what it means. Could someone please explain what it exactly means? If possible, please include examples in your answer. Thanks.

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• Entity Framework with ASP.NET MVC. Updating entity problem

  - by Kitaly

  Hi people. I'm trying to update an entity and its related entities as well. For instance, I have a class Car with a property Category and I want to change its Category. So, I have the following methods in the Controller: public ActionResult Edit(int id) { var categories = context.Categories.ToList(); ViewData["categories"] = new SelectList(categories, "Id", "Name"); var car = context.Cars.Where(c => c.Id == id).First(); return PartialView("Form", car); } [AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)] public ActionResult Edit(Car car) { var category = context.Categories.Where(c => c.Id == car.Category.Id).First(); car.Category = category; context.UpdateCar(car); context.SaveChanges(); return RedirectToAction("Index"); } The UpdateCar method, in ObjectContext class, follows: public void UpdateCar(Car car) { var attachedCar = Cars.Where(c => c.Id == car.Id).First(); ApplyItemUpdates(attachedCar, car); } private void ApplyItemUpdates(EntityObject originalItem, EntityObject updatedItem) { try { ApplyPropertyChanges(originalItem.EntityKey.EntitySetName, updatedItem); ApplyReferencePropertyChanges(updatedItem, originalItem); } catch (InvalidOperationException ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString()); } } public void ApplyReferencePropertyChanges(IEntityWithRelationships newEntity, IEntityWithRelationships oldEntity) { foreach (var relatedEnd in oldEntity.RelationshipManager.GetAllRelatedEnds()) { var oldRef = relatedEnd as EntityReference; if (oldRef != null) { var newRef = newEntity.RelationshipManager.GetRelatedEnd(oldRef.RelationshipName, oldRef.TargetRoleName) as EntityReference; oldRef.EntityKey = newRef.EntityKey; } } } The problem is that when I set the Category property after the POST in my controller, the entity state changes to Added instead of remaining as Detached. How can I update one-to-one relationship with Entity Framework and ASP.NET MVC without setting all the properties, one by one like this post?

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• inner class within Interface

  - by harigm

  is that possible to create a inner class within an interface? If yes, why do we create like that? Anyways we are not going to create any interface objects? Do they help in any Development process?

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• Clear all class variables between instances

  - by ensnare

  This is probably a stupid question, but what's the best way to clear class variables between instances? I know I could reset each variable individually in the constructor; but is there a way to do this in bulk? Or am I doing something totally wrong that requires a different approach? Thanks for helping ... class User(): def __init__(self): #RESET ALL CLASS VARIABLES def commit(self): #Commit variables to database >>u = User() >>u.name = 'Jason' >>u.email = '[email protected]' >>u.commit() So that each time User is called the variables are fresh. Thanks.

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• Pylons 1.0 AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'metadata'

  - by shiki

  Python noob trying to learn Pylons. I'm using the QuickWiki tutorial (http://pylonshq.com/docs/en/1.0/tutorials/quickwiki_tutorial/) from the 1.0 documentation, but this alleged "1.0" doc seems to just be "0.9.7"; I suspect that this has something to do with the error I'm getting. When I execute "paster setup-app development.ini", I get this: (mydevenv)lucid@lucid-laptop:~/QuickWiki$ paster setup-app development.ini Traceback (most recent call last): ... edited for brevity... File "/home/lucid/mydevenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.6.egg/pkg_resources.py", line 1954, in load File "/home/lucid/QuickWiki/quickwiki/config/middleware.py", line 11, in <module> from quickwiki.config.environment import load_environment File "/home/lucid/QuickWiki/quickwiki/config/environment.py", line 12, in <module> from quickwiki.model import init_model File "/home/lucid/QuickWiki/quickwiki/model/__init__.py", line 27, in <module> pages_table = sa.Table('pages', meta.metadata, AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'metadata' (mydevenv)lucid@lucid-laptop:~/QuickWiki$

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• Generics with constraints hierarchy

  - by devoured elysium

  I am currently facing a very disturbing problem: interface IStateSpace<Position, Value> where Position : IPosition // <-- Problem starts here where Value : IValue // <-- and here as I don't { // know how to get away this // circular dependency! // Notice how I should be // defining generics parameters // here but I can't! Value GetStateAt(Position position); void SetStateAt(Position position, State state); } As you'll down here, both IPosition, IValue and IState depend on each other. How am I supposed to get away with this? I can't think of any other design that will circumvent this circular dependency and still describes exactly what I want to do! interface IState<StateSpace, Value> where StateSpace : IStateSpace where Value : IValue { StateSpace StateSpace { get; }; Value Value { get; set; } } interface IPosition { } interface IValue<State> where State : IState { State State { get; } } Basically I have a state space IStateSpace that has states IState inside. Their position in the state space is given by an IPosition. Each state then has one (or more) values IValue. I am simplifying the hierarchy, as it's a bit more complex than described. The idea of having this hierarchy defined with generics is to allow for different implementations of the same concepts (an IStateSpace will be implemented both as a matrix as an graph, etc). Would can I get away with this? How do you generally solve this kind of problems? Which kind of designs are used in these cases? Thanks

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• Doctrine does not export relation properly

  - by iggnition

  Hi, I've got a MySQL 5.1.41 database which i'm trying to fill with doctrine, but doctrine does not insert the relations correctly. My YAML is: Locatie: connection: doctrine tableName: locatie columns: loc_id: type: integer(4) fixed: false unsigned: false primary: true autoincrement: true org_id: type: integer(4) fixed: false unsigned: false primary: false notnull: false autoincrement: false naam: type: string(30) fixed: false unsigned: false primary: false notnull: true autoincrement: false straat: type: string(30) fixed: false unsigned: false primary: false notnull: true autoincrement: false huisnummer: type: integer(4) fixed: false unsigned: false primary: false notnull: true autoincrement: false huisnummer_achtervoegsel: type: string(3) fixed: false unsigned: false primary: false notnull: false autoincrement: false plaats: type: string(25) fixed: false unsigned: false primary: false notnull: true autoincrement: false postcode: type: string(6) fixed: false unsigned: false primary: false notnull: true autoincrement: false telefoon: type: string(12) fixed: false unsigned: false primary: false notnull: true autoincrement: false opmerking: type: string() fixed: false unsigned: false primary: false notnull: false autoincrement: false inloggegevens: type: string() fixed: false unsigned: false primary: false notnull: false autoincrement: false relations: Organisatie: local: org_id foreign: org_id type: one onDelete: CASCADE onUpdate: CASCADE Organisatie: connection: doctrine tableName: organisatie columns: org_id: type: integer(4) fixed: false unsigned: false primary: true autoincrement: true naam: type: string(30) fixed: false unsigned: false primary: false notnull: true autoincrement: false straat: type: string(30) fixed: false unsigned: false primary: false notnull: true autoincrement: false huisnummer: type: integer(4) fixed: false unsigned: false primary: false notnull: true autoincrement: false huisnummer_achtervoegsel: type: string(3) fixed: false unsigned: false primary: false notnull: false autoincrement: false plaats: type: string(25) fixed: false unsigned: false primary: false notnull: true autoincrement: false postcode: type: string(6) fixed: false unsigned: false primary: false notnull: true autoincrement: false telefoon: type: string(12) fixed: false unsigned: false primary: false notnull: true autoincrement: false opmerking: type: string(255) fixed: false unsigned: false primary: false notnull: false autoincrement: false relations: Locatie: local: org_id foreign: org_id type: many Now if a make an organisation and then create a location which has a foreignkey to organisation everything is fine. but when i try to update the org_id with phpmyadmin i get a contraint error. If i manually set the foreign key to ON_UPDATE CASCADE it does work. Why does doctrine not set this option? I got it to work in Propel, but i really want to use doctrine for this.

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• read access violation error

  - by user293569

  class Node{ private: string name; Node** adjacent; int adjNum; public: Node(); Node(string, int adj_num); Node(const Node &); bool addAdjacent(const Node &); Node** getAdjacents(); string getName(); ~Node(); }; bool Node::addAdjacent(const Node &anode){ Node** temp; temp= new Node*[adjNum+1]; for(int i=0;i<adjNum+1;i++) temp[i]=adjacent[i]; temp[adjNum]=const_cast<Node *>(&anode); delete[] adjacent; adjacent=new Node*[adjNum+1]; adjacent=temp; delete[] temp; adjNum++; return true; } int main() { Node node1("A",0); Node node2("B",0); node1.getName(); node1.addAdjacent(node2); system("PAUSE"); return 0; } when the program comes to this part: for(int i=0;i<adjNum+1;i++) temp[i]=adjacent[i]; it says Access violation reading location 0xcccccccc. The class must allocate the memory fore adjacent, but I think it didn't how can I solve this problem?

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• iphone: caching and updating xml fields

  - by pJosh

  Thanks for your help. Here I have another question. I get the data through XMLParsing, now I want to store it in iphone's cache, and the XML Fields are updates every 12 hours.how can i check that XML Fields are change or not? and how can I store the data in iphone's cache memory so that evry it does not has to interact with web. Can anybody please help me???

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• Unbox an Object to Its Type

  - by Ngu Soon Hui

  Hello, is there anyway to unbox an object to its real type? Basically I am given an ArrayList, the array list are actually a list of int or double, or maybe other types ( it can be either, but it is either all int or double, no mix). Now, I will have to return a List<double> or List<int> or other list, depending on what is the real type. public List<T> ConvertToList<T>(ArrayList arr) { var list1 = new List<T>(); foreach(var obj in arr) { // how to do the conversion? var objT = ?? list1.Add(objT); } return list1; } Any idea?

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• can't get height of object in chrome

  - by Cinaird

  i want to get the height property of a object: thisImage = $('#topContent img').get(index); so long no problem, but then i want to get the height like this: thisImage.height; i thought it was equvivilent to: thisImage.height(); or: thisImage.css("height"); but neither does work for me. And the greatest problem is that thisImage.height; Dose not work in chrome. Have i missed something or is this a known bug? is there another way to get the height in chrome?

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• 2 ways to create new object by setting property values

  - by Samvel Siradeghyan

  Hi all I have a class Question which has a property Text public class Question { public string Text { get; set; } } Now I wont create on object of this type by giving value to property. I can do that in this two ways: Question q = new Question { Text = "Some question" }; and Question q = new Question() { Text = "Some question" }; Is there any difference between this two cases and if they are the same, why we need both? Thanks.

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• Actionscript 3: foreach drawing object in movieclip

  - by Mathias

  Hey, I got a europe map designed in flash (1 movieclip, 1 frame, really simple), which contains the map as drawing objects directly inside the scene and in addition some specific countries as clickable buttons. So far it's working fine. What I need now is to make all the other drawing objects clickable without having to edit and script each object. I'm thinking about something like this (pseudo code): foreach(obj in MovieClip) { if(obj !typeof(Button)) { obj.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DOWN, genericClickListener); } } I just don't know the syntax how to achieve that. Could anybody give me a hint? Thanks, Mathias

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• WPF TreeView binding to a simple object

  - by esse

  I have a simple object as such: public class Info { public string Name {get; set;} public int Count {get; set;} public DateTime TimeStamp {get; set;} } I want to bind a collection of these objects to a WPF TreeView and have the properties on the Info objects show up as sub TreeViewItems, like so: Item 1 Name: Bill Count: 3 TimeStamp: 12/05/2010 09:06:00 AM Item 2 Name: Chris Count: 22 TimeStamp: 11/05/2010 11:34:00 AM Item 3 Name: Toby Count: 1 TimeStamp: 09/05/2010 05:55:00 PM How can I achieve this through XAML?

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• Finding zoom level from window object properties

  - by Mihai Fonoage

  Hi, I want to find out the zoom level of what is being displayed in a browser window based on the javascripts' window object properties (http://www.javascriptkit.com/jsref/window.shtml) to which I have access. I just can't seem to find the right mathematical formula for the zoom based on the inner width, page offset, etc. I found a solution, but that uses the document.body.getBoundingClientRect call which does not return anything in my case and for which I can't tell if there's a suitable replacement from the window properties. I am using Safari. Thank you, Mihai

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• EF4 CTP5 - Map foreign key without object references?

  - by anon

  I feel like this should have a simple answer, but I can't find it. I have 2 POCOs: public class Category { public int Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } } public class Product { public int Id { get; set; } public int CategoryId { get; set; } } Notice that there are no object references on either POCO. With Code-First, how do I make EF4 CTP5 define a relationship between the two database tables? (I know this is an unusual scenario, but I am exploring what's possible and what's not with Code-First)

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• Observer pattern and violation of Single Principality Rule

  - by Devil Jin

  I have an applet which repaints itself once the text has changed Design 1: //MyApplet.java public class MyApplet extends Applet implements Listener{ private DynamicText text = null; public void init(){ text = new DynamicText("Welcome"); } public void paint(Graphics g){ g.drawString(text.getText(), 50, 30); } //implement Listener update() method public void update(){ repaint(); } } //DynamicText.java public class DynamicText implements Publisher{ // implements Publisher interface methods //notify listeners whenever text changes } Isn't this a violation of Single Responsibility Principle where my Applet not only acts as Applet but also has to do Listener job. Same way DynamicText class not only generates the dynamic text but updates the registered listeners. Design 2: //MyApplet.java public class MyApplet extends Applet{ private AppletListener appLstnr = null; public void init(){ appLstnr = new AppletListener(this); // applet stuff } } // AppletListener.java public class AppletListener implements Listener{ private Applet applet = null; public AppletListener(Applet applet){ this.applet = applet; } public void update(){ this.applet.repaint(); } } // DynamicText public class DynamicText{ private TextPublisher textPblshr = null; public DynamicText(TextPublisher txtPblshr){ this.textPblshr = txtPblshr; } // call textPblshr.notifyListeners whenever text changes } public class TextPublisher implments Publisher{ // implements publisher interface methods } Q1. Is design 1 a SPR violation? Q2. Is composition a better choice here to remove SPR violation as in design 2.

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