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  • crashing out in a while loop python

    - by Edward
    How to solve this error? i want to pass the values from get_robotxya() and get_ballxya() and use it in a loop but it seems that it will crash after awhile how do i fix this? i want to get the values whithout it crashing out of the while loop import socket import os,sys import time from threading import Thread HOST = '59.191.193.59' PORT = 5555 COORDINATES = [] def connect(): globals()['client_socket'] = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) client_socket.connect((HOST,PORT)) def update_coordinates(): connect() screen_width = 0 screen_height = 0 while True: try: client_socket.send("loc\n") data = client_socket.recv(8192) except: connect(); continue; globals()['COORDINATES'] = data.split() if(not(COORDINATES[-1] == "eom" and COORDINATES[0] == "start")): continue if (screen_width != int(COORDINATES[2])): screen_width = int(COORDINATES[2]) screen_height = int(COORDINATES[3]) return def get_ballxy(): update_coordinates() ballx = int(COORDINATES[8]) bally = int(COORDINATES[9]) return ballx,bally def get_robotxya(): update_coordinates() robotx = int(COORDINATES[12]) roboty = int(COORDINATES[13]) angle = int(COORDINATES[14]) return robotx,roboty,angle def print_ballxy(bx,by): print bx print by def print_robotxya(rx,ry,a): print rx print ry print a def activate(): bx,by = get_ballxy() rx,ry,a = get_robotxya() print_ballxy(bx,by) print_robotxya(rx,ry,a) Thread(target=update_coordinates).start() while True: activate() this is the error i get:

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  • Copying 2D lists in python

    - by SuperString
    Hi I want to copy a 2D list, so that if I modify 1 list, the other is not modified. For 1 D list, I just do this: a = [1,2] b = a[:] And now if I modify b, a is not modified. But this doesn't work for 2D list: a = [[1,2],[3,4]] b = a[:] If I modify b, a gets modified as well. How do I fix this?

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  • Google App Engine python - Self is not defined

    - by sdasdas
    I have a request that maps to this class ChatMsg It takes in 3 get variables, username, roomname, and msg. But it fails on this last line here. class ChatMsg(webapp.RequestHandler): # this is line 239 def get(self): username = urllib.unquote(self.request.get('username')) roomname = urllib.unquote(self.request.get('roomname')) # this is line 242 When it tries to assign roomname, it tells me: <type 'exceptions.NameError'>: name 'self' is not defined Traceback (most recent call last): File "/base/data/home/apps/chatboxes/1.341998073649951735/chatroom.py", line 239, in <module> class ChatMsg(webapp.RequestHandler): File "/base/data/home/apps/chatboxes/1.341998073649951735/chatroom.py", line 242, in ChatMsg roomname = urllib.unquote(self.request.get('roomname')) what the hell is going on to make self not defined

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  • python class decorator question?

    - by nsharish
    decorator 1: def dec(f): def wrap(obj, *args, **kwargs): f(obj, *args,**kwargs) return wrap decorator 2: class dec: def __init__(self, f): self.f = f def __call__(self, obj, *args, **kwargs): self.f(obj, *args, **kwargs) A sample class, class Test: @dec def disp(self, *args, **kwargs): print(*args,**kwargs) The follwing code works with decorator 1 but not with decorator 2. a = Test() a.disp("Message") I dont understand why decorator 2 is not working here. Can someone help me with this?

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  • Python and urllib2: how to make a GET request with parameters

    - by Infinity
    I'm building an "API API", it basically a wrapper for a in house REST web service that the web app will be making a lot of requests to. Some of the web service calls need to be GET rather than post, but passing parameters. Is there a "best practice" way to encode a dictionary into a query string? e.g.: ?foo=bar&bla=blah I'm looking at the urllib2 docs, and it looks like it decides by itself wether to use POST or GET based on if you pass params or not, but maybe someone knows how to make it transform the params dictionary into a GET request. Maybe there's a package for something like this out there? It would be great if it supported keep-alive, as the web server will be constantly requesting things from the REST service. Thanks!

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  • Python - Things one MUST avoid

    - by Anurag Uniyal
    Today I was bitten again by "Mutable default arguments" after many years. I usually don't use mutable default arguments unless needed but I think with time I forgot about that, and today in the application I added tocElements=[] in a pdf generation function's argument list and now 'Table of Content' gets longer and longer after each invocation of "generate pdf" :) My question is what other things should I add to my list of things to MUST avoid? 1 Mutable default arguments 2 import modules always same way e.g. 'from y import x' and 'import x' are totally different things actually they are treated as different modules see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1459236/module-reimported-if-imported-from-different-path 3 Do not use range in place of lists because range() will become an iterator anyway, so things like this will fail, so wrap it by list myIndexList = [0,1,3] isListSorted = myIndexList == range(3) # will fail in 3.0 isListSorted = myIndexList == list(range(3)) # will not same thing can be mistakenly done with xrange e.g myIndexList == xrange(3). 4 Catching multiple exceptions try: raise KeyError("hmm bug") except KeyError,TypeError: print TypeError It prints "hmm bug", though it is not a bug, it looks like we are catching exceptions of type KeyError,TypeError but instead we are catching KeyError only as variable TypeError, instead use try: raise KeyError("hmm bug") except (KeyError,TypeError): print TypeError

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  • Best practice for string substition with gettext using Python

    - by Malcolm
    Looking for best practice advice on what string substitution technique to use when using gettext(). Or do all techniques apply equally? I can think of at least 3 string techniques: Classic "%" based formatting: "My name is %(name)s" % locals() .format() based formatting: "My name is {name}".format( locals() ) string.Template.safe_substitute() import string template = string.Template( "My name is ${name}" ) template.safe_substitute( locals() ) The advantage of the string.Template technique is that a translated string with with an incorrectly spelled variable reference can still yield a usable string value while the other techniques unconditionally raise an exception. The downside of the string.Template technique appears to be the inability for one to customize how a variable is formatted (padding, justification, width, etc).

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  • what does "from MODULE import _" do in python?

    - by Paul
    Hi all, In the Getting things gnome code base I stumbled upon this import statement from GTG import _ and have no idea what it means, never seen this in the documentation and a quick so / google search didn't turn anything up. Thank you all in advance Paul

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  • python sending incomplete data over socket

    - by tipu
    I have this socket server script, import SocketServer import shelve import zlib class MyTCPHandler(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler): def handle(self): self.words = shelve.open('/home/tipu/Dropbox/dev/workspace/search/words.db', 'r'); self.tweets = shelve.open('/home/tipu/Dropbox/dev/workspace/search/tweets.db', 'r'); param = self.request.recv(1024).strip() try: result = str(self.words[param]) except KeyError: result = "set()" self.request.send(str(result)) if __name__ == "__main__": HOST, PORT = "localhost", 50007 SocketServer.TCPServer.allow_reuse_address = True server = SocketServer.TCPServer((HOST, PORT), MyTCPHandler) server.serve_forever() And this receiver, from django.http import HttpResponse from django.template import Context, loader import shelve import zlib import socket def index(req, param = ''): HOST = 'localhost' PORT = 50007 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.connect((HOST, PORT)) s.send(param) data = zlib.decompress(s.recv(131072)) s.close() print 'Received', repr(data) t = loader.get_template('index.html') c = Context({ 'foo' : data }) return HttpResponse(t.render(c)) I am sending strings to the receiver that are in the hundreds of kilobytes. I end up only receiving a portion of it. Is there a way that I can fix that so that the whole string is sent?

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  • Python: Embed Chaco in PyQt4 Mystery

    - by random guy
    How do i go about adding Chaco to an existing PyQt4 application? Hours of searches yielded little (search for yourself). So far i've figured i need the following lines: import os os.environ['ETS_TOOLKIT']='qt4' i could not find PyQt4-Chaco code anywhere on the internets i would be very grateful to anyone filling in the blanks to show me the simplest line plot possible (with 2 points) from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui import sys import os os.environ['ETS_TOOLKIT']='qt4' from enthought <blanks> : : app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv) main_window = QtGui.QMainWindow() main_window.setCentralWidget(<blanks>) main_window.show() app.exec_() print('bye') what Chaco/Enthought class inherits from QWidget ?

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  • How to show why "try" failed in python

    - by calccrypto
    is there anyway to show why a "try" failed, and skipped to "except", without writing out all the possible errors by hand, and without ending the program? example: try: 1/0 except: someway to show "Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#0>", line 1, in <module> 1/0 ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero" i dont want to doif:print error 1, elif: print error 2, elif: etc.... i want to see the error that would be shown had try not been there

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  • Python ZSI : error while serializing an object ?

    - by KaluSingh Gabbar
    this is the code, I get error that it can not serialize reference (sumReq) sumReqClass = GED("http://www.some-service.com/sample", "getSumRequest").pyclass sumReq = sumReqClass() rq = GetSumSoapIn() sum._sumReqObj = sumReq rs=proxy.GetSum(rq, soapheaders=[credentials]) I get error : TypeError: bad usage, failed to serialize element reference (http://www.some-service.com/sample, getSumRequest), in: /SOAP-ENV:Body

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  • Python: HTTP Post a large file with streaming

    - by Daniel Von Fange
    I'm uploading potentially large files to a web server. Currently I'm doing this: import urllib2 f = open('somelargefile.zip','rb') request = urllib2.Request(url,f.read()) request.add_header("Content-Type", "application/zip") response = urllib2.urlopen(request) However, this reads the entire file's contents into memory before posting it. How can I have it stream the file to the server?

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  • Python/Biomolecular Physics- Trying to code a simple stochastic simulation of a system exhibiting co

    - by user359597
    *edited 6/17/10 I'm trying to understand how to improve my code (make it more pythonic). Also, I'm interested in writing more intuitive 'conditionals' that would describe scenarios that are commonplace in biochemistry. The conditional criteria in the below program is explained in Answer #2, but I am not satisfied with it- it is correct, but isn't obvious and isn't easy to implement for more complicated conditional scenarios. Ideas welcome. Comments/criticisms welcome. First posting experience @ stackoverflow- please comment on etiquette if needed. The code generates a list of values that are the solution to the following exercise: "In a programming language of your choice, implement Gillespie’s First Reaction Algorithm to study the temporal behaviour of the reaction A---B in which the transition from A to B can only take place if another compound, C, is present, and where C dynamically interconverts with D, as modelled in the Petri-net below. Assume that there are 100 molecules of A, 1 of C, and no B or D present at the start of the reaction. Set kAB to 0.1 s-1 and both kCD and kDC to 1.0 s-1. Simulate the behaviour of the system over 100 s." def sim(): # Set the rate constants for all transitions kAB = 0.1 kCD = 1.0 kDC = 1.0 # Set up the initial state A = 100 B = 0 C = 1 D = 0 # Set the start and end times t = 0.0 tEnd = 100.0 print "Time\t", "Transition\t", "A\t", "B\t", "C\t", "D" # Compute the first interval transition, interval = transitionData(A, B, C, D, kAB, kCD, kDC) # Loop until the end time is exceded or no transition can fire any more while t <= tEnd and transition >= 0: print t, '\t', transition, '\t', A, '\t', B, '\t', C, '\t', D t += interval if transition == 0: A -= 1 B += 1 if transition == 1: C -= 1 D += 1 if transition == 2: C += 1 D -= 1 transition, interval = transitionData(A, B, C, D, kAB, kCD, kDC) def transitionData(A, B, C, D, kAB, kCD, kDC): """ Returns nTransition, the number of the firing transition (0: A->B, 1: C->D, 2: D->C), and interval, the interval between the time of the previous transition and that of the current one. """ RAB = kAB * A * C RCD = kCD * C RDC = kDC * D dt = [-1.0, -1.0, -1.0] if RAB > 0.0: dt[0] = -math.log(1.0 - random.random())/RAB if RCD > 0.0: dt[1] = -math.log(1.0 - random.random())/RCD if RDC > 0.0: dt[2] = -math.log(1.0 - random.random())/RDC interval = 1e36 transition = -1 for n in range(len(dt)): if dt[n] > 0.0 and dt[n] < interval: interval = dt[n] transition = n return transition, interval if __name__ == '__main__': sim()

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  • How to loop over nodes with xmlfeed using scrapy python

    - by Kour ipm
    Hi i working on scrapy and trying xml feeds first time, below is my code class TestxmlItemSpider(XMLFeedSpider): name = "TestxmlItem" allowed_domains = {"http://www.nasinteractive.com"} start_urls = [ "http://www.nasinteractive.com/jobexport/advance/hcantexasexport.xml" ] iterator = 'iternodes' itertag = 'job' def parse_node(self, response, node): title = node.select('title/text()').extract() job_code = node.select('job-code/text()').extract() detail_url = node.select('detail-url/text()').extract() category = node.select('job-category/text()').extract() print title,";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;" print job_code,";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;" item = TestxmlItem() item['title'] = node.select('title/text()').extract() ....... return item result: File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.14.3-py2.7.egg/scrapy/item.py", line 56, in __setitem__ (self.__class__.__name__, key)) exceptions.KeyError: 'TestxmlItem does not support field: title' Totally there are 200+ items so i need to loop over and assign the node text to item but here all the results are displaying at once when we print, actually how can we loop over on nodes in scraping xml files with xmlfeedspider

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  • Python - werid behavior

    - by orokusaki
    I've done what I shouldn't have done and written 4 modules (6 hours or so) without running any tests along the way. I have a method inside of /mydir/__init__.py called get_hash(), and a class inside of /mydir/utils.py called SpamClass. /mydir/utils.py imports get_hash() from /mydir/__init__. /mydir/__init__.py imports SpamClass from /mydir/utils.py. Both the class and the method work fine on their own but for some reason if I try to import /mydir/, I get an import error saying "Cannot import name get_hash" from /mydir/__init__.py. The only stack trace is the line saying that __init__.py imported SpamClass. The next line is where the error occurs in in SpamClass when trying to import get_hash. Why is this?

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  • Python Tkinter comparing PhotoImage objects

    - by Kyle Schmidt
    In a simple LightsOut game, when I click on a light I need to toggle the image on a button. I'm doing this with Tkinter, so I thought I'd just check and see what image is currently on the button (either 'on.gif' or 'off.gif') and set it to the other one, like this: def click(self,x,y): if self.buttons[x][y].image == self.on: self.buttons[x][y].config(image=self.off) self.buttons[x][y].image == self.off else: self.buttons[x][y].config(image=self.on) self.buttons[x][y].image == self.on This ends up always being True - I can turn a lgiht off, but never turn it back on. Did some research, realized that I should probably be using cmp: def click(self,x,y): if cmp(self.buttons[x][y].image,self.on) == 0: self.buttons[x][y].config(image=self.off) self.buttons[x][y].image == self.off else: self.buttons[x][y].config(image=self.on) self.buttons[x][y].image == self.on But that gave me the exact same result. Both self.on and self.off are PhotoImage objects. Aside from keeping a separate set of lists which tracks what type of light is in each position and redrawing them every click, is there a way to directly compare two PhotoImage objects like this?

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  • python gui events out of order

    - by dave
    from Tkinter import * from tkMessageBox import * class Gui: def __init__(self, root): self.container = Frame(root) self.container.grid() self.inputText = Text(self.container, width=50, height=8) self.outputText = Text(self.container, width=50, height=8, bg='#E0E0E0', state=DISABLED) self.inputText.grid(row=0, column=0) self.outputText.grid(row=0, column=1) self.inputText.bind("<Key>", self.translate) def translate(self, event): input = self.inputText.get(0.0, END) output = self.outputText.get(0.0, END) self.outputText.config(state=NORMAL) self.outputText.delete(0.0, END) self.outputText.insert(INSERT, input) self.outputText.config(state=DISABLED) showinfo(message="Input: %s characters\nOutput: %s characters" % (len(input), len(input))) root = Tk() #toplevel object app = Gui(root) #call to the class where gui is defined root.mainloop() #enter event loop Working on a gui in tkinter I'm a little confused as to the sequence the event handlers are run. If you run the above code you'll hopefully see... 1) Editing the text widget triggers the event handler but it seems to fire it off without registering the actual change, 2) Even when the text widget is cleared (ie, keep pressing BackSpace) it still seems to have a one character length string, 3) The output widget only receives its update when the NEXT event trigger is fired despite the fact the data came on the previous event. Is this just how bindings work in tkinter or am i missing something here? The behaviour i would like when updating the input widget is: 1) Show the change, 2) Enter event handler, 3) Update output widget, 4) Show message box.

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  • Find last match with python regular expression

    - by SDD
    I wanto to match the last occurence of a simple pattern in a string, e.g. list = re.findall(r"\w+ AAAA \w+", "foo bar AAAA foo2 AAAA bar2) print "last match: ", list[len(list)-1] however, if the string is very long, a huge list of matches is generated. Is there a more direct way to match the second occurence of "AAAA" or should I use this workaround?

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  • Python New-style Classes and the Super Function

    - by sfjedi
    This is not the result I expect to see: class A(dict): def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): self['args'] = args self['kwargs'] = kwargs class B(A): def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): super(B, self).__init__(args, kwargs) print 'Instance A:', A('monkey', banana=True) #Instance A: {'args': ('monkey',), 'kwargs': {'banana': True}} print 'Instance B:', B('monkey', banana=True) #Instance B: {'args': (('monkey',), {'banana': True}), 'kwargs': {}} I'm just trying to get classes A and B to have consistent values set. I'm not sure why the kwargs are being inserted into the args, but I'm to presume I am either calling init() wrong from the subclass or I'm trying to do something that you just can't do. Any tips?

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  • Load resources? - wxPython / Python

    - by Francisco Aleixo
    Hello everyone. I am using wxPython and Py2exe to create my application and my only problem is loading for example bitmaps. Ok so lets say I want to add an image to my application, and thats fairly easy using wxPython, and lets say it is on the same directory of my .py so for example: image = wx.StaticBitmap(self, -1, wx.Bitmap('image.bmp') Now, this works obviously fine, problem is when I convert to Py2exe, I would like to use the resources from the dlls that I included in the Py2Exe compilation. So basically what I want to do is to instead of including the images on the same folder as my application in order to work, I would like to use it from the resources so people won't see the images on the folder.

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  • Python - counting sign changes

    - by dadashek
    I have a list of numbers I am reading left to right. Anytime I encounter a sign change when reading the sequence I want to count it. X = [-3,2,7,-4,1,-1,1,6,-1,0,-2,1] X = [-, +, +, -, +, -, +, +, -, -,-,+] So, in this list there are 8 sign changes. When Item [0] (in this case -3) is negative it is considered a sign change. Also, any 0 in the list is considered [-]. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Creating Thread's in python

    - by chrissygormley
    Hello, I have a script and I want one function to run at the same time as the other. Example code I have looked at: import threading def MyThread ( threading.thread ): doing something........ def MyThread2 ( threading.thread ): doing something........ MyThread().start() MyThread2().start() I am having trouble getting this working. I would prefer to get this going using a threaded function rather than a class. Thanks for any help.

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