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• Using a permutation table for simplex noise without storing it

  - by J. C. Leitão

  Generating Simplex noise requires a permutation table for randomisation (e.g. see this question or this example). In some applications, we need to persist the state of the permutation table. This can be done by creating the table, e.g. using def permutation_table(seed): table_size = 2**10 # arbitrary for this question l = range(1, table_size + 1) random.seed(seed) # ensures the same shuffle for a given seed random.shuffle(l) return l + l # see shared link why l + l; is a detail and storing it. Can we avoid storing the full table by generating the required elements every time they are required? Specifically, currently I store the table and call it using table[i] (table is a list). Can I avoid storing it by having a function that computes the element i, e.g. get_table_element(seed, i). I'm aware that cryptography already solved this problem using block cyphers, however, I found it too complex to go deep and implement a block cypher. Does anyone knows a simple implementation of a block cypher to this problem?

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• How is the terrain generated in Commandos and Commandos game clones/look-alikes?

  - by teodron

  The Commandos series of games and its similar western counterpart, Desperados, use a mix of 2D and 3D elements to achieve a very pleasing and immersive atmosphere. Apart from the concept that alone made the series a best-seller, the graphics eye-candy was also a much appreciated asset of that game. I was very curious on what was the technique used to model and adorn the realistic terrains in those titles? Below are some screenshots that could be relevant as a reference for whomever has a candidate answer: The tiny details and patternless distribution of ornamental textures make me think that these terrains were not generated using a standard heightmap-blendmap method.

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• Algorithms for rainfall + river creation in procedurally generated terrain

  - by Peck

  I've recently become fascinated by the things that can be done with procedurally terrain and have started experimenting with world building a bit. I'd like to be able to make worlds something like Dwarf fortress with biomes created from meshing together various maps. So first step has been done. Using the diamond-square algorithm I've created some nice hieghtmaps. Next step is I would like to add some water features and have them somewhat realistically generated with rainfall. I've read about a few different approaches such as starting at the high points of the map, and "stepping" down to the lowest neighboring point, pooling/eroding as it works its way down to sea level. Are there any documented algorithms with this or are they more off the cuff? Would love any advice/thoughts.

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• How to document experimental or incomplete APIs like @deprecated?

  - by Michael Levy

  Is there a good term that is similar but different than "deprecate" to mean that a method or API is in the code base but should not be used because its implementation is not complete or will likely change? (Yeah, I know, those methods shouldn't be public, yada yada yada. I didn't create my situation, I'm just trying to make the best of it.) What do people suggest? Experimental, Incomplete, something else? If I'm building javadoc documentation for this API that is still in flux, should I use the @deprecated tag or is there a better convention? To me @deprecated implies that this API is old and a newer preferred mechanism is available. In my situation, there is no alternative, but some of the methods in the API are not finished and so should not be used. At this point I cannot make them private, but I'd like to put clear warnings in the docs.

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• Seeking advice on system documentation

  - by Shadders

  I have a rating engine (it is basically an algorithm) which when I started had no formal documentation. We have created a functional specification/decomposition which is our business level document but now I need something more technical (a technical specification). What I am struggling to understand is what that document looks like, what format it should be in and to what level of detail we should go into. We are in the process of commenting all of the code. We also have a rough document called a Blueprint which reflects the flow of the model and is written in pseudo code. Is the combination of this blueprint and the model comments sufficient as a Technical Specification?

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• How should we deal with multiple transaction-report requests?

  - by Mithir

  We are developing a system for the retail market which one of it's features will enable clients(actually consumer clubs) to go through all transactions made by end-clients. One of the ways to get this information will be via an API. The idea is that there will be requests for reports with a start date and an end date, and a response will have all the transactions between those dates. We are worry that some reports may be very large, and that some clients will repeatedly request for reports, in this case the DB and CPU will be very overloaded. The same server that will service those requests, also takes care the the actual retail transactions (received by proprietary devices) and a Web application. We are not sure about how to limit the report requests from the API so that it won't affect the system too much. So, how should we deal with this scenario? any thoughts? EDIT: just to make clear: When I mentioned proprietary devices I meant "On-Location" devices which are used during sales with end-clients, this means that these requests shouldn't get delayed, and this is the main concern.

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• Finding inspiration / help for making up (weapon) names

  - by Rookie

  I'm really bad with words, especially with English words. Currently I'm struggling to make a good weapon names for my game, it needs to display the weapon functionality (weak/strong/fast/ballistic etc) correctly as well. For example the best weapon in a (futuristic) game cannot be called just with the name "Laser", it's just too boring, right? Are there any tools, websites or anything that helps me finding good names for weapons? (or anything else similar). I was thinking to use scientific names, but noticed that they are really hard to write, and they get very long, and I also lack information about science, I only know I could use the atomic sub-particles names in the weapons for example. How do I get started with becoming good with making up names? (this could apply in generally to any naming problems).

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• What significant progress have we made in Rapid Application Development?

  - by Frank Computer

  Since the introduction of OOPL's and event-driven programming, I feel like developing an application has become harder and more tedious, when it should have been the other way around! We should have development tools which can generate prototype apps which can be quickly and easily customized into sophisticated applications, even by novice users! We really need new ideas in this area of software development and I would like to know of any good ideas. If we can't really find them, then we should ask "Where did we miss the boat?.. Why?.. and What should we be doing?"

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• Is it Considered Good SQL practice to use GUID to link multiple tables to same Id field?

  - by Mallow

  I want to link several tables to a many-to-many(m2m) table. One table would be called location and this table would always be on one side of the m2m table. But I will have a list of several tables for example: Cards Photographs Illustrations Vectors Would using GUID's between these tables to link it to a single column in another table be considered 'Good Practice'? Will Mysql let me to have it automatically cascade updates and delete? If so, would multiple cascades lead to an issues? UPDATE I've read that GUID (a hex number) Generally takes up more space in a database and slows queries down. However I could still generate 'unique' ids by just having the table initial's as part of the id so that the table card's id would be c0001, and then Illustrations be I001. Regardless of this change, the questions still stands.

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• How do I efficiently generate chunks to fill entire screen when my player moves?

  - by Trixmix

  In my game I generate chunks when the player moves. The chunks are all generated on the fly, but currently I just created a simple flat 8X8 floor. What happens is that when he moves to a new chunk the chunk in the direction of the player gets generated and its neighboring chunks. This is not efficient because the generator does not fill the entire screen. I did try to use recursion but its not as fast as I would like it to be. My question is what would be an efficient way of doing so? How does minecraft do so? When I say this I mean just the way it PICKS which chunks to generate and in what order. Not how they generate or how they are saved in regions, just the order/way it generates them. I just want to know what is a good way to load chunks around the player.

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• Reporting Solution in PHP / CodeIgniter - Server side logic vs client side

  - by dot

  I'm building a report for an end user. They would like to see a list of all widgets... but then also like to see widgets with missing attributes, like missing names, or missing size. So i was thinking of creating one method that returns json data containing all widgets... and then using javascript to let them filter the data for missing data, instead of requerying the database. Ultimately, they need to be able to save all "reports" (filtered versions of data) inside a csv file. These are the two options I'm mulling over: Design 1 Create 3 separate methods in my controller/model like: get_all_data() get_records_with_missing_names() get_records_with_missing_size() And then when these methods are called, I would display the data on screen and give them a button to save to csv file. Design 2 Create one method called get_all_data() and then somehow, give them tools in the view to filter the json data using tables etc... and then letting them save subsets of the data. The reality is, in order to display all data, I still need to massage the data, and therefore, I know which records are missing attributes. So i'd rather not create separate methods by each filter. I'm not sure how I would do that just yet but at this point, i would like to know some pros/cons of each method. Thanks.

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• Languages with C/C++ output [closed]

  - by Vag

  Which languages have compilers able to emit plain standard C/C++ code? For a start: Haxe // uses Boehm GC Haskell (JHC) Haskell (old GHC) // -fvia-c, removed recently (emitted code is super ugly) Clay ATS Cython RPython (Shed Skin) // experimental RPython (PyPy) Python (Nuitka) // although author claims there are no speedups Common Lisp (ECL) COBOL (OpenCobol) Scheme (Chicken) APL // So far I've not found working implementation available for free download Ur/Web // GCC-specific output, and intended to be used only for web developments (included for completeness only) I'd like to build comprehensive up-to-date list but found only these ones so far. I've tested only Haxe and it works pretty well and quite fast. What about other ones? What is your expirience? How much ugly is generated code? Update. Any language chains (e.g. X - Scheme - C) will be perfectly OK as answer if its use is practical enough and suited for production use.

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• How to divide hex grid evenly among n players?

  - by manabreak

  I'm making a simple hex-based game, and I want the map to be divided evenly among the players. The map is created randomly, and I want the players to have about equal amount of cells, with relatively small areas. For example, if there's four players and 80 cells in the map, each of the players would have about 20 cells (it doesn't have to be spot-on accurate). Also, each player should have no more than four adjacent cells. That is to say, when the map is generated, the biggest "chunks" cannot be more than four cells each. I know this is not always possible for two or three players (as this resembles the "coloring the map" problem), and I'm OK with doing other solutions for those (like creating maps that solve the problem instead). But, for four to eight players, how could I approach this problem? As always, any and all help is appreciated. :)

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• How to write comments to explain the "why" behind the callback function when the function and parameter names are insufficient for that?

  - by snowmantw

  How should I approach writing comments for callback functions? I want to explain the "why" behind the function when the function and parameter names are insufficient to explain what's going on. I have always wonder why comments like this can be so ordinary in documents of libraries in dynamic languages: /** * cb: callback // where's the arguments & effects? */ func foo( cb ) Maybe the common attitude is "you can look into source code on your own after all" which pushes people into leaving minimalist comments like this. But it seems like there should be a better way to comment callback functions. I've tried to comment callbacks in Haskell way: /** * cb: Int -> Char */ func foo(cb) And to be fair, it's usually neat enough. But it gets into trouble when I need to pass some complex structure. The problem being partly due to the lack of type system: /** * cb: Int -> { err: String -> (), success: () -> Char } // too long... */ func foo(cb) Or I have tried this too: /** * cb: Int -> { err: String -> (), * success: () -> Char } // better ? */ func bar(cb) The problem is that you may put the structure in somewhere else, but you must give it a name to reference it. But then when you name a structure you're about to use immediately looks so redundant: // Somewhere else... // ResultCallback: { err: String -> (), success: () -> Char } /** * cb: Int -> ResultCallback // better ?? */ func foo(cb) And it bothers me if I follow the Java-doc like commenting style since it still seems incomplete. The comments don't tell you anything that you couldn't immediately see from looking at the function. /** * @param cb {Function} yeah, it's a function, but you told me nothing about it... * @param err {Function} where should I put this callback's argument ?? * Not to mention the err's own arguments... */ func foo(cb) These examples are JavaScript like with generic functions and parameter names, but I've encountered similar problems in other dynamic languages which allow complex callbacks.

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• Where should a programmer explain the extended logic behind the code?

  - by SRKX

  I have developed a few quantitative libraries in C# where it is important to understand not only the classic information that goes with the XMLDoc comments (which contains basic information with the method signature) but also the mathematical formulas being use within the methods. Hence I would like to be able to include extended documentation with the code, which could contain, for example Latex formulas, graphs, and so on. Do you think such information should be included in the API documentation? Or should it be included in a dev blog for examples? Are there common tools that are usually used for this kind of purposes?

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• Randomly spawning bitmaps on cnvas

  - by Toystoj

  I need some ideas in order to finish algorithm. I'm randomly placing objects (bitmaps) on canvas without overlapping. Time needed to finish it is my problem. When I need to spawn for example 80% of canvas it takes to long. So i was thinking : I should make some change when the bitmaps take off 50 % of canvas. I want to tell algorithm that it should generate new locations (x,y) where it is free space. My question is : How to render new location (x,y) in place where is free space. In summary: Things I know : object location (x,y) 4 corners (x,y) of object object width, height canvas width, height Any suggestions?

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• How to decompose a rectangular shape in a Voronoi diagram, only generating convex shapes?

  - by DevilWithin

  I think this is a very straighforward question, lets say i have a building in 2D, a rectangle shape. Now i want to decompose that area in a lot of convex shapes, as seen in a voronoi diagram, or closely like it, just so I can add those shapes to the physics engine, and have a realistic destruction. Bonus: Possible suggestions on how to make the effect more dynamic and interesting. Please keep in mind we re talking about realtime calculations..

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• How can I generate Sudoku puzzles?

  - by user223150

  I'm trying to make a Sudoku puzzle generator. It's a lot harder than I expected and the more I get into it, the harder it gets! My current approach is to split the problem into 2 steps: Generate a complete (solved) Sudoku puzzle. Remove numbers until it's solveable and has only 1 solution. In step 1, since I'm using a brute force methods, I'm facing some run time issues. Is there an optimal way of filling in a complete Sudoku puzzle? In step 2, what kind of algorithm should I use to "puzzlize" a solved sudoku?

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• Ad-hoc reporting similar to Microstrategy/Pentaho - is OLAP really the only choice (is OLAP even sufficient)?

  - by TheBeefMightBeTough

  So I'm getting ready to develop an API in Java that will provide all dimensions, metrics, hierarchies, etc to a user such that they can pick and choose what they want (say, e.g., dimensions of Location (a store) and Weekly, and the metric Product Sales $), provide their choices to the api, and have it spit out an object that contains the answer to their question (the object would probably be a set of cells). I don't even believe there will be much drill up/down. The data warehouse the APIwill interface with is in a standard form (FACT tables, dimensions, star schema format). My question is, is an OLAP framework such as Mondrian the only way to achieve something akin to ad-hoc reporting? I can envisage a really large Cube (or VirtualCube) that contains most of the dimensions and metrics the user could ever want, which would give the illusion of ad-hoc reporting. The problem is that there is a ton of setup to do (so much XML) to get the framework to work with the data. Further it requires specific knowledge, such as MDX, and even moreso learning the framework peculiars (Mondrian API). Finally, I am not positive it will scale much better than simply making queries against a SQL database. OLAP to me feels like very old technology. Is performance really an issue anymore? The alternative I can think of would be dynamic SQL. If the existing tables in the data warehouse conform to a naming scheme (FACT_, DIM_, etc), or if a very simple config file/ database table containing config information existed that stored which tables are fact tables, which are dimensions, and what metrics are available, then couldn't the api read from that and assembly the appropriate sql query? Would this necessarily be harder than learning MDX, Mondrian (or another OLAP framework), and creating all the cubes? In general, I feel that OLAP is at the same time too powerful (supports drill up/down, complex functions) and outdated and am reluctant to base my architecture on it. However, I am unsure if the alternative(s), such as rolling my own ad-hoc reporting framework using dynamic SQL would remove any complexity while still fulfilling requirements, both functional and non-functional (e.g., scalability; some FACT tables have many millions of rows). I also wonder about other techniques (e.g., hive). Has anyone here tried to do ad-hoc reporting? Any advice? I expect this project to take a pretty long time (3 months min, but probably longer), so I just do not want to commit to an architecture without being absolutely sure of its pros and cons. Thanks so much.

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• How do audio based games such as Audiosurf and Beat Hazard work?

  - by The Communist Duck

  Note: I am not asking how to make a clone of one of these. I am asking about how they work. I'm sure everyone's seen the games where you use your own music files (or provided ones) and the games produce levels based on them, such as Audiosurf and Beat Hazard. Here is a video of Audiosurf in action, to show what I mean. If you provide a heavy metal song, you would get a completely different set of obstacles, enemies, and game experience from something like Vivaldi. What does interest me is how these games work. I do not know much about audio (well, data-side), but how do they process the song to understand when it is settling down or when it's speeding up? I guess they could just feed the pitch values (assuming those sorts of things exist in audio files) to form a level, but it wouldn't fully explain it. I'm either looking for an explanation, some links to articles about this sort of thing (I'm sure there's a term or terms for it), or even an open-source implementation of this kind of thing ;-) EDIT: After some searching and a little help, I found out about FFT (Fast Fourier Transform). This maybe a step in the right direction, but it is something that does not make any sense to me..or fits with my physics knowledge of waves.

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• Using PhysX, how can I predict where I will need to generate procedural terrain collision shapes?

  - by Sion Sheevok

  In this situation, I have terrain height values I generate procedurally. For rendering, I use the camera's position to generate an appropriate sized height map. For collision, however, I need to have height fields generated in areas where objects may intersect. My current potential solution, which may be naive, is to iterate over all "awake" physics actors, use their bounds/extents and velocities to generate spheres in which they may reside after a physics update, then generate height values for ranges encompassing clustered groups of actors. Much of that data is likely already calculated by PhysX already, however. Is there some API, maybe a set of queries, even callbacks from the spatial system, that I could use to predict where terrain height values will be needed?

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• Can I randomly generate an endless road?

  - by y26jin

  So suppose we stand on a position(x0, y0) of a map. We can only move on the horizontal plane(no jump and stuff) but we can move forward, left, or right (in a discrete math way, i.e. integer movement). As soon as we move to the next position(x1, y1), everything around us is generated randomly by a program. We could be surrounded by one of mountain, lake, and road. We can only move on the road. The road is always 2D as the map itself. My question is, are we able to play this game endlessly? "End" means that we come across a dead end and the only way out is to go backward.

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• Extending EF4 SQL Generation

  - by Basiclife

  Hi, We're using EF4 in a fairly large system and occasionally run into problems due to EF4 being unable to convert certain expressions into SQL. At present, we either need to do some fancy footwork (DB/Code) or just accept the performance hit and allow the query to be executed in-memory. Needless to say neither of these is ideal and the hacks we've sometimes had to use reduce readability / maintainability. What we would ideally like is a way to extend the SQL generation capabilities of the EF4 SQL provider. Obviously there are some things like .Net method calls which will always have to be client-side but some functionality like date comparisons (eg Group by weeks in Linq to Entities ) should be do-able. I've Googled but perhaps I'm using the wrong terminology as all I get is information about the new features of EF4 SQL Generation. For such a flexible and extensible framework, I'd be surprised if this isn't possible. In my head, I'm imagining inheriting from the [SQL 2008] provider and extending it to handle additional expressions / similar in the expression tree it's given to convert to SQL. Any help/pointers appreciated. We're using VS2010 Ultimate, .Net 4 (non-client profile) and EF4. The app is in ASP.Net and is running in a 64-Bit environment in case it makes a difference.

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• Maven Java Source Code Generation for Hibernate

  - by Adam

  Hi, I´m busy converting an existing project from an Ant build to one using Maven. Part of this build includes using the hibernate hbm2java tool to convert a collection of .hbm.xml files into Java. Here's a snippet of the Ant script used to do this: <target name="dbcodegen" depends="cleangen" description="Generate Java source from Hibernate XML"> <hibernatetool destdir="${src.generated}"> <configuration> <fileset dir="${src.config}"> <include name="**/*.hbm.xml"/> </fileset> </configuration> <hbm2java jdk5="true"/> </hibernatetool> </target> I've had a look around on the internet and some people seem to do this (I think) using Ant within Maven and others with the Maven plugin. I'd prefer to avoid mixing Ant and Maven. Can anyone suggest a way to do this so that all of the .hbm.xml files are picked up and the code generation takes place as part of the Maven code generation build phase? Thanks! Adam.

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• Automating video generation by adding an intro and a trailing video to the main video

  - by DevDewboy

  I have a video project I am trying to compile. Here is the overview: I have many videos which are 5 minute training sessions - Main video. The Intro Video will be a standard 5 second video that will have the Video title and Author. This will be concatenated to the main video. The Trailing Video will pretty much be a stock video that will be concatenated to the main video and have all the legaleze etc. The Intro Vid will smoothly fade into the main vid as well as when you get to end of the main video it will fade into the Trailing video nicely. The product is a new video with a Intro, Main & Trailer video all in one! The concept is really that simple. In fact I found an example of a person who has solved this and is doing exactly what I want. This solution is a Bash script that takes a config file that has the title, author, etc. and generates the Intro, the Ending and creates the resulting video with them concatenated. I am using Ubuntu 12.04 Server. I have been trying to take this as a sample and just running it with no luck because of incompatibility errors. I even attempted to convert it using .MP4 containers or .MKV. I am running into error after error or incompatibility issues. I went as far as changing out the ffmpeg binary using the 25 Oct 2013 version from http://ffmpeg.gusari.org/static/64bit/ which I like as I don't have to worry about rebuilding the binary. Almost successful but again I have some error which I cannot solve. I know part of the problem is the fact that video production, codecs, formats is a completely new field for me so I am attempting to work through this new territory. Perhaps an expert here has something similar that I can use as a guideline that uses MP4 or h.264 format. Or take the solution above from the URL and make it work with a more up-to-date version of ffmpeg. I will include the script and its parameter file and the output (abbreviated because of limitation) below. Basically as the script stands right now, when run I get the error [matroska,webm @ 0x27bbee0] Read error. This error is return from the 'reasembleVideo' routine from the first ffmpeg command. The following is the Parameter File: #!/bin/bash INPUTFILE="ssh_main.mp4" LOGO="logo.png" LOGOLENGTH="1" SPEAKER="Jason" TITLE="Basic SSH Video" DATE="October 28, 2013" SCENESTART="00:00:01" SCENEDURATION="00:00:09" OUTPUTFILE="ssh_basic_1" } The following is the script I am running. The ${OUTPUTFILE} being used is a small 2 minute video I create in screen-o-matic in MP4 format. Script on PasteBin (too long for Super User post)

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