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• YouTube Scalability Lessons

  - by Bertrand Matthelié

  @font-face { font-family: "Arial"; }@font-face { font-family: "Courier New"; }@font-face { font-family: "Wingdings"; }@font-face { font-family: "Calibri"; }@font-face { font-family: "Cambria"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }h2 { margin: 12pt 0cm 3pt; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 14pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; }a:link, span.MsoHyperlink { color: blue; text-decoration: underline; }a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed { color: purple; text-decoration: underline; }span.Heading2Char { font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; }ol { margin-bottom: 0cm; }ul { margin-bottom: 0cm; } Very interesting blog post by Todd Hoff at highscalability.com presenting “7 Years of YouTube Scalability Lessons in 30 min” based on a presentation from Mike Solomon, one of the original engineers at YouTube: …. The key takeaway away of the talk for me was doing a lot with really simple tools. While many teams are moving on to more complex ecosystems, YouTube really does keep it simple. They program primarily in Python, use MySQL as their database, they’ve stuck with Apache, and even new features for such a massive site start as a very simple Python program. That doesn’t mean YouTube doesn’t do cool stuff, they do, but what makes everything work together is more a philosophy or a way of doing things than technological hocus pocus. What made YouTube into one of the world’s largest websites? Read on and see... Stats @font-face { font-family: "Arial"; }@font-face { font-family: "Cambria"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; } 4 billion Views a day 60 hours of video is uploaded every minute 350+ million devices are YouTube enabled Revenue double in 2010 The number of videos has gone up 9 orders of magnitude and the number of developers has only gone up two orders of magnitude. 1 million lines of Python code Stack @font-face { font-family: "Arial"; }@font-face { font-family: "Cambria"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; } Python - most of the lines of code for YouTube are still in Python. Everytime you watch a YouTube video you are executing a bunch of Python code. Apache - when you think you need to get rid of it, you don’t. Apache is a real rockstar technology at YouTube because they keep it simple. Every request goes through Apache. Linux - the benefit of Linux is there’s always a way to get in and see how your system is behaving. No matter how bad your app is behaving, you can take a look at it with Linux tools like strace and tcpdump. MySQL - is used a lot. When you watch a video you are getting data from MySQL. Sometime it’s used a relational database or a blob store. It’s about tuning and making choices about how you organize your data. Vitess- a  new project released by YouTube, written in Go, it’s a frontend to MySQL. It does a lot of optimization on the fly, it rewrites queries and acts as a proxy. Currently it serves every YouTube database request. It’s RPC based. Zookeeper - a distributed lock server. It’s used for configuration. Really interesting piece of technology. Hard to use correctly so read the manual Wiseguy - a CGI servlet container. Spitfire - a templating system. It has an abstract syntax tree that let’s them do transformations to make things go faster. Serialization formats - no matter which one you use, they are all expensive. Measure. Don’t use pickle. Not a good choice. Found protocol buffers slow. They wrote their own BSON implementation, which is 10-15 time faster than the one you can download. ...Contiues. Read the blog Watch the video

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• How do I cleanly design a central render/animation loop?

  - by mtoast

  I'm learning some graphics programming, and am in the midst of my first such project of any substance. But, I am really struggling at the moment with how to architect it cleanly. Let me explain. To display complicated graphics in my current language of choice (JavaScript -- have you heard of it?), you have to draw graphical content onto a <canvas> element. And to do animation, you must clear the <canvas> after every frame (unless you want previous graphics to remain). Thus, most canvas-related JavaScript demos I've seen have a function like this: function render() { clearCanvas(); // draw stuff here requestAnimationFrame(render); } render, as you may surmise, encapsulates the drawing of a single frame. What a single frame contains at a specific point in time, well... that is determined by the program state. So, in order for my program to do its thing, I just need to look at the state, and decide what to render. Right? Right. But that is more complicated than it seems. My program is called "Critter Clicker". In my program, you see several cute critters bouncing around the screen. Clicking on one of them agitates it, making it bounce around even more. There is also a start screen, which says "Click to start!" prior to the critters being displayed. Here are a few of the objects I'm working with in my program: StartScreenView // represents the start screen CritterTubView // represents the area in which the critters live CritterList // a collection of all the critters Critter // a single critter model CritterView // view of a single critter Nothing too egregious with this, I think. Yet, when I set out to flesh out my render function, I get stuck, because everything I write seems utterly ugly and reminiscent of a certain popular Italian dish. Here are a couple of approaches I've attempted, with my internal thought process included, and unrelated bits excluded for clarity. Approach 1: "It's conditions all the way down" // "I'll just write the program as I think it, one frame at a time." if (assetsLoaded) { if (userClickedToStart) { if (critterTubDisplayed) { if (crittersDisplayed) { forEach(crittersList, function(c) { if (c.wasClickedRecently) { c.getAgitated(); } }); } else { displayCritters(); } } else { displayCritterTub(); } } else { displayStartScreen(); } } That's a very much simplified example. Yet even with only a fraction of all the rendering conditions visible, render is already starting to get out of hand. So, I dispense with that and try another idea: Approach 2: Under the Rug // "Each view object shall be responsible for its own rendering. // "I'll pass each object the program state, and each can render itself." startScreen.render(state); critterTub.render(state); critterList.render(state); In this setup, I've essentially just pushed those crazy nested conditions to a deeper level in the code, hiding them from view. In other words, startScreen.render would check state to see if it needed actually to be drawn or not, and take the correct action. But this seems more like it only solves a code-aesthetic problem. The third and final approach I'm considering that I'll share is the idea that I could invent my own "wheel" to take care of this. I'm envisioning a function that takes a data structure that defines what should happen at any given point in the render call -- revealing the conditions and dependencies as a kind of tree. Approach 3: Mad Scientist renderTree({ phases: ['startScreen', 'critterTub', 'endCredits'], dependencies: { startScreen: ['assetsLoaded'], critterTub: ['startScreenClicked'], critterList ['critterTubDisplayed'] // etc. }, exclusions: { startScreen: ['startScreenClicked'], // etc. } }); That seems kind of cool. I'm not exactly sure how it would actually work, but I can see it being a rather nifty way to express things, especially if I flex some of JavaScript's events. In any case, I'm a little bit stumped because I don't see an obvious way to do this. If you couldn't tell, I'm coming to this from the web development world, and finding that doing animation is a bit more exotic than arranging an MVC application for handling simple requests - responses. What is the clean, established solution to this common-I-would-think problem?

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• Why do we use Pythagoras in game physics?

  - by Starkers

  I've recently learned that we use Pythagoras a lot in our physics calculations and I'm afraid I don't really get the point. Here's an example from a book to make sure an object doesn't travel faster than a MAXIMUM_VELOCITY constant in the horizontal plane: MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = <any number>; SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = MAXIMUM_VELOCITY * MAXIMUM_VELOCITY; function animate(){ var squared_horizontal_velocity = (x_velocity * x_velocity) + (z_velocity * z_velocity); if( squared_horizontal_velocity <= SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY ){ scalar = squared_horizontal_velocity / SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY; x_velocity = x_velocity / scalar; z_velocity = x_velocity / scalar; } } Let's try this with some numbers: An object is attempting to move 5 units in x and 5 units in z. It should only be able to move 5 units horizontally in total! MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = 5; SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = 5 * 5; SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = 25; function animate(){ var x_velocity = 5; var z_velocity = 5; var squared_horizontal_velocity = (x_velocity * x_velocity) + (z_velocity * z_velocity); var squared_horizontal_velocity = 5 * 5 + 5 * 5; var squared_horizontal_velocity = 25 + 25; var squared_horizontal_velocity = 50; // if( squared_horizontal_velocity <= SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY ){ if( 50 <= 25 ){ scalar = squared_horizontal_velocity / SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY; scalar = 50 / 25; scalar = 2.0; x_velocity = x_velocity / scalar; x_velocity = 5 / 2.0; x_velocity = 2.5; z_velocity = z_velocity / scalar; z_velocity = 5 / 2.0; z_velocity = 2.5; // new_horizontal_velocity = x_velocity + z_velocity // new_horizontal_velocity = 2.5 + 2.5 // new_horizontal_velocity = 5 } } Now this works well, but we can do the same thing without Pythagoras: MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = 5; function animate(){ var x_velocity = 5; var z_velocity = 5; var horizontal_velocity = x_velocity + z_velocity; var horizontal_velocity = 5 + 5; var horizontal_velocity = 10; // if( horizontal_velocity >= MAXIMUM_VELOCITY ){ if( 10 >= 5 ){ scalar = horizontal_velocity / MAXIMUM_VELOCITY; scalar = 10 / 5; scalar = 2.0; x_velocity = x_velocity / scalar; x_velocity = 5 / 2.0; x_velocity = 2.5; z_velocity = z_velocity / scalar; z_velocity = 5 / 2.0; z_velocity = 2.5; // new_horizontal_velocity = x_velocity + z_velocity // new_horizontal_velocity = 2.5 + 2.5 // new_horizontal_velocity = 5 } } Benefits of doing it without Pythagoras: Less lines Within those lines, it's easier to read what's going on ...and it takes less time to compute, as there are less multiplications Seems to me like computers and humans get a better deal without Pythagoras! However, I'm sure I'm wrong as I've seen Pythagoras' theorem in a number of reputable places, so I'd like someone to explain me the benefit of using Pythagoras to a maths newbie. Does this have anything to do with unit vectors? To me a unit vector is when we normalize a vector and turn it into a fraction. We do this by dividing the vector by a larger constant. I'm not sure what constant it is. The total size of the graph? Anyway, because it's a fraction, I take it, a unit vector is basically a graph that can fit inside a 3D grid with the x-axis running from -1 to 1, z-axis running from -1 to 1, and the y-axis running from -1 to 1. That's literally everything I know about unit vectors... not much :P And I fail to see their usefulness. Also, we're not really creating a unit vector in the above examples. Should I be determining the scalar like this: // a mathematical work-around of my own invention. There may be a cleverer way to do this! I've also made up my own terms such as 'divisive_scalar' so don't bother googling var divisive_scalar = (squared_horizontal_velocity / SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY); var divisive_scalar = ( 50 / 25 ); var divisive_scalar = 2; var multiplicative_scalar = (divisive_scalar / (2*divisive_scalar)); var multiplicative_scalar = (2 / (2*2)); var multiplicative_scalar = (2 / 4); var multiplicative_scalar = 0.5; x_velocity = x_velocity * multiplicative_scalar x_velocity = 5 * 0.5 x_velocity = 2.5 Again, I can't see why this is better, but it's more "unit-vector-y" because the multiplicative_scalar is a unit_vector? As you can see, I use words such as "unit-vector-y" so I'm really not a maths whiz! Also aware that unit vectors might have nothing to do with Pythagoras so ignore all of this if I'm barking up the wrong tree. I'm a very visual person (3D modeller and concept artist by trade!) and I find diagrams and graphs really, really helpful so as many as humanely possible please!

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• Profiling Startup Of VS2012 &ndash; YourKit Profiler

  - by Alois Kraus

  The YourKit (v7.0.5) profiler is interesting in terms of price (79€ single place license, 409€ + 1 year support and upgrades) and feature set. You do get a performance and memory profiler in one package for which you normally need also to pay extra from the other vendors. As an interesting side note the profiler UI is written in Java because they do also sell Java profilers with the same feature set. To get all methods of a VS startup you need first to configure it to include System* in the profiled methods and you need to configure * to measure wall clock time. By default it does record only CPU times which allows you to optimize CPU hungry operations. But you will never see a Thread.Sleep(10000) in the profiler blocking the UI in this mode. It can profile as all others processes started from within the profiler but it can also profile the next or all started processes. As usual it can profile in sampling and tracing mode. But since it is a memory profiler as well it does by default also record all object allocations > 1MB. With allocation recording enabled VS2012 did crash but without allocation recording there were no problems. The CPU tab contains the time line of the application and when you click in the graph you the call stacks of all threads at this time. This is really a nice feature. When you select a time region you the CPU Usage estimation for this time window. I have seen many applications consuming 100% CPU only because they did create garbage like crazy. For this is the Garbage Collection tab interesting in conjunction with a time range. This view is like the CPU table only that the CPU graph (green) is missing. All relevant information except for GCs/s is already visible in the CPU tab. Very handy to pinpoint excessive GC or CPU bound issues. The Threads tab does show the thread names and their lifetime. This is useful to see thread interactions or which thread is hottest in terms of CPU consumption. On the CPU tab the call tree does exist in a merged and thread specific view. When you click on a method you get below a list of all called methods. There you can sort for methods with a high own time which are worth optimizing. In the Method List you can select which scope you want to see. Back Traces are the methods which did call you. Callees ist the list of methods called directly or indirectly by your method as a flat list. This is not a call stack but still very useful to see which methods were slow so you can see the “root” cause quite quickly without the need to click trough long call stacks. The last view Merged Calles is a call stacked view of the previous view. This does help a lot to understand did call each method at run time. You would get the same view with a debugger for one call invocation but here you get the full statistics (invocation count) as well. Since YourKit is also a memory profiler you can directly see which objects you have on your managed heap and which objects do hold most of your precious memory. You can in in the Object Explorer view also examine the contents of your objects (strings or whatsoever) to get a better understanding which objects where potentially allocating this stuff.   YourKit is a very easy to use combined memory and performance profiler in one product. The unbeatable single license price makes it very attractive to straightly buy it. Although it is a Java UI it is very responsive and the memory consumption is considerably lower compared to dotTrace and ANTS profiler. What I do really like is to start the YourKit ui and then start the processes I want to profile as usual. There is no need to alter your own application code to be able to inject a profiler into your new started processes. For performance and memory profiling you can simply select the process you want to investigate from the list of started processes. That's the way I like to use profilers. Just get out of the way and let the application run without any special preparations.   Next: Telerik JustTrace

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• JPRT: A Build & Test System

  - by kto

  DRAFT A while back I did a little blogging on a system called JPRT, the hardware used and a summary on my java.net weblog. This is an update on the JPRT system. JPRT ("JDK Putback Reliablity Testing", but ignore what the letters stand for, I change what they mean every day, just to annoy people :\^) is a build and test system for the JDK, or any source base that has been configured for JPRT. As I mentioned in the above blog, JPRT is a major modification to a system called PRT that the HotSpot VM development team has been using for many years, very successfully I might add. Keeping the source base always buildable and reliable is the first step in the 12 steps of dealing with your product quality... or was the 12 steps from Alcoholics Anonymous... oh well, anyway, it's the first of many steps. ;\^) Internally when we make changes to any part of the JDK, there are certain procedures we are required to perform prior to any putback or commit of the changes. The procedures often vary from team to team, depending on many factors, such as whether native code is changed, or if the change could impact other areas of the JDK. But a common requirement is a verification that the source base with the changes (and merged with the very latest source base) will build on many of not all 8 platforms, and a full 'from scratch' build, not an incremental build, which can hide full build problems. The testing needed varies, depending on what has been changed. Anyone that was worked on a project where multiple engineers or groups are submitting changes to a shared source base knows how disruptive a 'bad commit' can be on everyone. How many times have you heard: "So And So made a bunch of changes and now I can't build!". But multiply the number of platforms by 8, and make all the platforms old and antiquated OS versions with bizarre system setup requirements and you have a pretty complicated situation (see http://download.java.net/jdk6/docs/build/README-builds.html). We don't tolerate bad commits, but our enforcement is somewhat lacking, usually it's an 'after the fact' correction. Luckily the Source Code Management system we use (another antique called TeamWare) allows for a tree of repositories and 'bad commits' are usually isolated to a small team. Punishment to date has been pretty drastic, the Queen of Hearts in 'Alice in Wonderland' said 'Off With Their Heads', well trust me, you don't want to be the engineer doing a 'bad commit' to the JDK. With JPRT, hopefully this will become a thing of the past, not that we have had many 'bad commits' to the master source base, in general the teams doing the integrations know how important their jobs are and they rarely make 'bad commits'. So for these JDK integrators, maybe what JPRT does is keep them from chewing their finger nails at night. ;\^) Over the years each of the teams have accumulated sets of machines they use for building, or they use some of the shared machines available to all of us. But the hunt for build machines is just part of the job, or has been. And although the issues with consistency of the build machines hasn't been a horrible problem, often you never know if the Solaris build machine you are using has all the right patches, or if the Linux machine has the right service pack, or if the Windows machine has it's latest updates. Hopefully the JPRT system can solve this problem. When we ship the binary JDK bits, it is SO very important that the build machines are correct, and we know how difficult it is to get them setup. Sure, if you need to debug a JDK problem that only shows up on Windows XP or Solaris 9, you'll still need to hunt down a machine, but not as a regular everyday occurance. I'm a big fan of a regular nightly build and test system, constantly verifying that a source base builds and tests out. There are many examples of automated build/tests, some that trigger on any change to the source base, some that just run every night. Some provide a protection gateway to the 'golden' source base which only gets changes that the nightly process has verified are good. The JPRT (and PRT) system is meant to guard the source base before anything is sent to it, guarding all source bases from the evil developer, well maybe 'evil' isn't the right word, I haven't met many 'evil' developers, more like 'error prone' developers. ;\^) Humm, come to think about it, I may be one from time to time. :\^{ But the point is that by spreading the build up over a set of machines, and getting the turnaround down to under an hour, it becomes realistic to completely build on all platforms and test it, on every putback. We have the technology, we can build and rebuild and rebuild, and it will be better than it was before, ha ha... Anybody remember the Six Million Dollar Man? Man, I gotta get out more often.. Anyway, now the nightly build and test can become a 'fetch the latest JPRT build bits' and start extensive testing (the testing not done by JPRT, or the platforms not tested by JPRT). Is it Open Source? No, not yet. Would you like to be? Let me know. Or is it more important that you have the ability to use such a system for JDK changes? So enough blabbering on about this JPRT system, tell me what you think. And let me know if you want to hear more about it or not. Stay tuned for the next episode, same Bloody Bat time, same Bloody Bat channel. ;\^) -kto

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• How to break out of if statement

  - by TheBroodian

  I'm not sure if the title is exactly an accurate representation of what I'm actually trying to ask, but that was the best I could think of. I am experiencing an issue with my character class. I have developed a system so that he can perform chain attacks, and something that was important to me was that 1)button presses during the process of an attack wouldn't interrupt the character, and 2) at the same time, button presses should be stored so that the player can smoothly queue up chain attacks in the middle of one so that gameplay doesn't feel rigid or unresponsive. This all begins when the player presses the punch button. Upon pressing the punch button, the game checks the state of the dpad at the moment of the button press, and then translates the resulting combined buttons into an int which I use as an enumerator relating to a punch method for the character. The enumerator is placed into a List so that the next time the character's Update() method is called, it will execute the next punch in the list. It only executes the next punch if my character is flagged with acceptInput as true. All attacks flag acceptInput as false, to prevent the interruption of attacks, and then at the end of an attack, acceptInput is set back to true. While accepting input, all other actions are polled for, i.e. jumping, running, etc. In runtime, if I attack, and then queue up another attack behind it (by pressing forward+punch) I can see the second attack visibly execute, which should flag acceptInput as false, yet it gets interrupted and my character will stop punching and start running if I am still holding down the dpad. Included is some code for context. This is the input region for my character. //Placed this outside the if (acceptInput) tree because I want it //to be taken into account whether we are accepting input or not. //This will queue up attacks, which will only be executed if we are accepting input. //This creates a desired effect that helps control the character in a // smoother fashion for the player. if (Input.justPressed(buttonManager.Punch)) { int dpadPressed = Input.DpadState(0); if (attackBuffer.Count() < 1) { attackBuffer.Add(CheckPunch(dpadPressed)); } else { attackBuffer.Clear(); attackBuffer.Add(CheckPunch(dpadPressed)); } } if (acceptInput) { if (attackBuffer.Count() > 0) { ExecutePunch(attackBuffer[0]); attackBuffer.RemoveAt(0); } //If D-Pad left is being held down. if (Input.DpadDirectionHeld(0, buttonManager.Left)) { flipped = false; if (onGround) { newAnimation = "run"; } velocity = new Vector2(velocity.X - acceleration, velocity.Y); if (walking == true && velocity.X <= -walkSpeed) { velocity.X = -walkSpeed; } else if (walking == false && velocity.X <= -maxSpeed) { velocity.X = -maxSpeed; } } //If D-Pad right is being held down. if (Input.DpadDirectionHeld(0, buttonManager.Right)) { flipped = true; if (onGround) { newAnimation = "run"; } velocity = new Vector2(velocity.X + acceleration, velocity.Y); if (walking == true && velocity.X >= walkSpeed) { velocity.X = walkSpeed; } else if (walking == false && velocity.X >= maxSpeed) { velocity.X = maxSpeed; } } //If jump/accept button is pressed. if (Input.justPressed(buttonManager.JumpAccept)) { if (onGround) { Jump(); } } //If toggle element next button is pressed. if (Input.justPressed(buttonManager.ToggleElementNext)) { if (elements.Count != 0) { elementInUse++; if (elementInUse >= elements.Count) { elementInUse = 0; } } } //If toggle element last button is pressed. if (Input.justPressed(buttonManager.ToggleElementLast)) { if (elements.Count != 0) { elementInUse--; if (elementInUse < 0) { elementInUse = Convert.ToSByte(elements.Count() - 1); } } } //If character is in the process of jumping. if (jumping == true) { if (Input.heldDown(buttonManager.JumpAccept)) { velocity.Y -= fallSpeed.Y; maxJumpTime -= elapsed; } if (Input.justReleased(buttonManager.JumpAccept) || maxJumpTime <= 0) { jumping = false; maxJumpTime = 0; } } //Won't execute abilities if input isn't being accepted. foreach (PlayerAbility ability in playerAbilities) { if (buffer.Matches(ability)) { if (onGround) { ability.Activate(); } if (!onGround && ability.UsableInAir) { ability.Activate(); } else if (!onGround && !ability.UsableInAir) { buffer.Clear(); } } } } When the attackBuffer calls ExecutePunch(int) method, ExecutePunch() will call one of the following methods: private void NeutralPunch1() //0 { acceptInput = false; busy = true; newAnimation = "punch1"; numberOfAttacks++; timeSinceLastAttack = 0; } private void ForwardPunch2(bool toLeft) //true == 7, false == 4 { forwardPunch2Timer = 0f; acceptInput = false; busy = true; newAnimation = "punch2begin"; numberOfAttacks++; timeSinceLastAttack = 0; if (toLeft) { velocity.X -= 800; } if (!toLeft) { velocity.X += 800; } } I assume the attack is being interrupted due to the fact that ExecutePunch() is in the same if statement as running, but I haven't been able to find a suitable way to stop this happening. Thank you ahead of time for reading this, I apologize for it having become so long winded.

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• My own personal use of Oracle Linux

  - by wcoekaer

  It always is easier to explain something with examples... Many people still don't seem to understand some of the convenient things around using Oracle Linux and since I personally (surprise!) use it at home, let me give you an idea. I have quite a few servers at home and I also have 2 hosted servers with a hosted provider. The servers at home I use mostly to play with random Linux related things, or with Oracle VM or just try out various new Oracle products to learn more. I like the technology, it's like a hobby really. To be able to have a good installation experience and use an officially certified Linux distribution and not waste time trying to find the right libraries, I, of course, use Oracle Linux. Now, at least I can get a copy of Oracle Linux for free (even if I was not working for Oracle) and I can/could use that on as many servers at home (or at my company if I worked elsewhere) for testing, development and production. I just go to http://edelivery.oracle.com/linux and download the version(s) I want and off I go. Now, I also have the right (and not because I am an employee) to take those images and put them on my own server and give them to someone else, I in fact, just recently set up my own mirror on my own hosted server. I don't have to remove oracle-logos, I don't have to rebuild the ISO images, I don't have to recompile anything, I can just put the whole binary distribution on my own server without contract. Perfectly free to do so. Of course the source code of all of this is there, I have a copy of the UEK code at home, just cloned from https://oss.oracle.com/git/?p=linux-2.6-unbreakable.git. And as you can see, the entire changelog, checkins, merges from Linus's tree, complete overview of everything that got changed from kernel to kernel, from patch to patch, errata to errata. No obfuscating, no tar balls and spending time with diff, or go read bug reports to find out what changed (seems silly to me). Some of my servers are on the external network and I need to be current with security errata, but guess what, no problem, my servers are hooked up to http://public-yum.oracle.com which is open, free, and completely up to date, in a consistent, reliable way with any errata, security or bugfix. So I have nothing to worry about. Also, not because I am an employee. Anyone can. And, with this, I also can, and have, set up my own mirror site that hosts these RPMs. both binary and source rpms. Because I am free to get them and distribute them. I am quite capable of supporting my servers on my own, so I don't need to rely on the support organization so I don't need to have a support subscription :-). So I don't need to pay. Neither would you, at least not with Oracle Linux. Another cool thing. The hosted servers came (unfortunately) with Centos installed. While Centos works just fine as is, I tend to prefer to be current with my security errata(reliably) and I prefer to just maintain one yum repository instead of 2, I converted them over to Oracle Linux as well (in place) so they happily receive and use the exact same RPMs. Since Oracle Linux is exactly the same from a user/application point of view as RHEL, including files like /etc/redhat-release and no changes from .el. to .centos. I know I have nothing to worry about installing one of the RHEL applications. So, OL everywhere makes my life a lot easier and why not... Next! Since I run Oracle VM and I have -tons- of VM's on my machines, in some cases on my big WOPR box I have 15-20 VMs running. Well, no problem, OL is free and I don't have to worry about counting the number of VMs, whether it's 1, or 4, or more than 10 ... like some other alternatives started doing... and finally :) I like to try out new stuff, not 3 year old stuff. So with UEK2 as part of OL6 (and 6.3 in particular) I can play with a 3.0.x based kernel and it just installs and runs perfectly clean with OL6, so quite current stuff in an environment that I know works, no need to toy around with an unsupported pre-alpha upstream distribution with libraries and versions that are not compatible with production software (I have nothing against ubuntu or fedora or opensuse... just not what I can rely on or use for what I need, and I don't need a desktop). pretty compelling. I say... and again, it doesn't matter that I work for Oracle, if I was working elsewhere, or not at all, all of the above would still apply. Student, teacher, developer, whatever. contrast this with $349 for 2 sockets and oneguest and selfsupport per year to even just get the software bits.

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• Why do we use the Pythagorean theorem in game physics?

  - by Starkers

  I've recently learned that we use Pythagorean theorem a lot in our physics calculations and I'm afraid I don't really get the point. Here's an example from a book to make sure an object doesn't travel faster than a MAXIMUM_VELOCITY constant in the horizontal plane: MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = <any number>; SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = MAXIMUM_VELOCITY * MAXIMUM_VELOCITY; function animate(){ var squared_horizontal_velocity = (x_velocity * x_velocity) + (z_velocity * z_velocity); if( squared_horizontal_velocity <= SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY ){ scalar = squared_horizontal_velocity / SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY; x_velocity = x_velocity / scalar; z_velocity = x_velocity / scalar; } } Let's try this with some numbers: An object is attempting to move 5 units in x and 5 units in z. It should only be able to move 5 units horizontally in total! MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = 5; SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = 5 * 5; SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = 25; function animate(){ var x_velocity = 5; var z_velocity = 5; var squared_horizontal_velocity = (x_velocity * x_velocity) + (z_velocity * z_velocity); var squared_horizontal_velocity = 5 * 5 + 5 * 5; var squared_horizontal_velocity = 25 + 25; var squared_horizontal_velocity = 50; // if( squared_horizontal_velocity <= SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY ){ if( 50 <= 25 ){ scalar = squared_horizontal_velocity / SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY; scalar = 50 / 25; scalar = 2.0; x_velocity = x_velocity / scalar; x_velocity = 5 / 2.0; x_velocity = 2.5; z_velocity = z_velocity / scalar; z_velocity = 5 / 2.0; z_velocity = 2.5; // new_horizontal_velocity = x_velocity + z_velocity // new_horizontal_velocity = 2.5 + 2.5 // new_horizontal_velocity = 5 } } Now this works well, but we can do the same thing without Pythagoras: MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = 5; function animate(){ var x_velocity = 5; var z_velocity = 5; var horizontal_velocity = x_velocity + z_velocity; var horizontal_velocity = 5 + 5; var horizontal_velocity = 10; // if( horizontal_velocity >= MAXIMUM_VELOCITY ){ if( 10 >= 5 ){ scalar = horizontal_velocity / MAXIMUM_VELOCITY; scalar = 10 / 5; scalar = 2.0; x_velocity = x_velocity / scalar; x_velocity = 5 / 2.0; x_velocity = 2.5; z_velocity = z_velocity / scalar; z_velocity = 5 / 2.0; z_velocity = 2.5; // new_horizontal_velocity = x_velocity + z_velocity // new_horizontal_velocity = 2.5 + 2.5 // new_horizontal_velocity = 5 } } Benefits of doing it without Pythagoras: Less lines Within those lines, it's easier to read what's going on ...and it takes less time to compute, as there are less multiplications Seems to me like computers and humans get a better deal without Pythagorean theorem! However, I'm sure I'm wrong as I've seen Pythagoras' theorem in a number of reputable places, so I'd like someone to explain me the benefit of using Pythagorean theorem to a maths newbie. Does this have anything to do with unit vectors? To me a unit vector is when we normalize a vector and turn it into a fraction. We do this by dividing the vector by a larger constant. I'm not sure what constant it is. The total size of the graph? Anyway, because it's a fraction, I take it, a unit vector is basically a graph that can fit inside a 3D grid with the x-axis running from -1 to 1, z-axis running from -1 to 1, and the y-axis running from -1 to 1. That's literally everything I know about unit vectors... not much :P And I fail to see their usefulness. Also, we're not really creating a unit vector in the above examples. Should I be determining the scalar like this: // a mathematical work-around of my own invention. There may be a cleverer way to do this! I've also made up my own terms such as 'divisive_scalar' so don't bother googling var divisive_scalar = (squared_horizontal_velocity / SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY); var divisive_scalar = ( 50 / 25 ); var divisive_scalar = 2; var multiplicative_scalar = (divisive_scalar / (2*divisive_scalar)); var multiplicative_scalar = (2 / (2*2)); var multiplicative_scalar = (2 / 4); var multiplicative_scalar = 0.5; x_velocity = x_velocity * multiplicative_scalar x_velocity = 5 * 0.5 x_velocity = 2.5 Again, I can't see why this is better, but it's more "unit-vector-y" because the multiplicative_scalar is a unit_vector? As you can see, I use words such as "unit-vector-y" so I'm really not a maths whiz! Also aware that unit vectors might have nothing to do with Pythagorean theorem so ignore all of this if I'm barking up the wrong tree. I'm a very visual person (3D modeller and concept artist by trade!) and I find diagrams and graphs really, really helpful so as many as humanely possible please!

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• BIP 11g Dynamic SQL

  - by Tim Dexter

  Back in the 10g release, if you wanted something beyond the standard query for your report extract; you needed to break out your favorite text editor. You gotta love 'vi' and hate emacs, am I right? And get to building a data template, they were/are lovely to write, such fun ... not! Its not fun writing them by hand but, you do get to do some cool stuff around the data extract including dynamic SQL. By that I mean the ability to add content dynamically to your your query at runtime. With 11g, we spoiled you with a visual builder, no more vi or notepad sessions, a friendly drag and drop interface allowing you to build hierarchical data sets, calculated columns, summary columns, etc. You can still create the dynamic SQL statements, its not so well documented right now, in lieu of doc updates here's the skinny. If you check out the 10g process to create dynamic sql in the docs. You need to create a data trigger function where you assign the dynamic sql to a global variable that's matched in your report SQL. In 11g, the process is really the same, BI Publisher just provides a bit more help to define what trigger code needs to be called. You still need to create the function and place it inside a package in the db. Here's a simple plsql package with the 'beforedata' function trigger. Spec create or replace PACKAGE BIREPORTS AS whereCols varchar2(2000); FUNCTION beforeReportTrig return boolean; end BIREPORTS; Body create or replace PACKAGE BODY BIREPORTS AS   FUNCTION beforeReportTrig return boolean AS   BEGIN       whereCols := ' and d.department_id = 100';     RETURN true;   END beforeReportTrig; END BIREPORTS; you'll notice the additional where clause (whereCols - declared as a public variable) is hard coded. I'll cover parameterizing that in my next post. If you can not wait, check the 10g docs for an example. I have my package compiling successfully in the db. Now, onto the BIP data model definition. 1. Create a new data model and go ahead and create your query(s) as you would normally. 2. In the query dialog box, add in the variables you want replaced at runtime using an ampersand rather than a colon e.g. &whereCols.   select     d.DEPARTMENT_NAME, ...  from    "OE"."EMPLOYEES" e,     "OE"."DEPARTMENTS" d  where   d."DEPARTMENT_ID"= e."DEPARTMENT_ID" &whereCols   Note that 'whereCols' matches the global variable name in our package. When you click OK to clear the dialog, you'll be asked for a default value for the variable, just use ' and 1=1' That leading space is important to keep the SQL valid ie required whitespace. This value will be used for the where clause if case its not set by the function code. 3. Now click on the Event Triggers tree node and create a new trigger of the type Before Data. Type in the default package name, in my example, 'BIREPORTS'. Then hit the update button to get BIP to fetch the valid functions.In my case I get to see the following: Select the BEFOREREPORTTRIG function (or your name) and shuttle it across. 4. Save your data model and now test it. For now, you can update the where clause via the plsql package. Next time ... parametrizing the dynamic clause.

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• Server compromised. Bounce message contains many email addresses message was not sent to

  - by Tim Duncklee

  This is not a dupe. Please read and understand the issue before marking this as a duplicate question that has been answered already. Several customers are reporting bounce messages like the one below. At first I thought their computers had a virus but then I received one that was server generated so the problem is with the server. I've inspected the logs and these email addresses do not appear in the logs. The only thing I see that I do not remember seeing in the past are entries like this: Apr 30 13:34:49 psa86 qmail-queue-handlers[20994]: hook_dir = '/var/qmail//handlers/before-queue' Apr 30 13:34:49 psa86 qmail-queue-handlers[20994]: recipient[3] = '[email protected]' Apr 30 13:34:49 psa86 qmail-queue-handlers[20994]: handlers dir = '/var/qmail//handlers/before-queue/recipient/[email protected]' I've searched here and the web and maybe I'm just not entering the right search terms but I find nothing on this issue. Does anyone know how a hacker would attach additional email addresses to a message at the server and have them not appear in the logs? CentOS release 5.4, Plesk 8.6, QMail 1.03 Hi. This is the qmail-send program at psa.aaaaaa.com. I'm afraid I wasn't able to deliver your message to the following addresses. This is a permanent error; I've given up. Sorry it didn't work out. <[email protected]>: 82.201.133.227 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 #5.1.0 Address rejected. Giving up on 82.201.133.227. <[email protected]>: 64.18.7.10 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 No such user - psmtp Giving up on 64.18.7.10. <[email protected]>: 173.194.68.27 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550-5.1.1 The email account that you tried to reach does not exist. Please try 550-5.1.1 double-checking the recipient's email address for typos or 550-5.1.1 unnecessary spaces. Learn more at 550 5.1.1 http://support.google.com/mail/bin/answer.py?answer=6596 w8si1903qag.18 - gsmtp Giving up on 173.194.68.27. <[email protected]>: 207.115.36.23 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.2.1 <[email protected]>... Addressee unknown, relay=[174.142.62.210] Giving up on 207.115.36.23. <[email protected]>: 207.115.37.22 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.2.1 <[email protected]>... Addressee unknown, relay=[174.142.62.210] Giving up on 207.115.37.22. <[email protected]>: 207.115.37.20 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.2.1 <[email protected]>... Addressee unknown, relay=[174.142.62.210] Giving up on 207.115.37.20. <[email protected]>: 207.115.37.23 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.2.1 <[email protected]>... Addressee unknown, relay=[174.142.62.210] Giving up on 207.115.37.23. <[email protected]>: 207.115.36.22 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.2.1 <[email protected]>... Addressee unknown, relay=[174.142.62.210] Giving up on 207.115.36.22. <[email protected]>: 74.205.16.140 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 553 sorry, that domain isn't in my list of allowed rcpthosts; no valid cert for gatewaying (#5.7.1) Giving up on 74.205.16.140. <[email protected]>: 207.115.36.20 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.2.1 <[email protected]>... Addressee unknown, relay=[174.142.62.210] Giving up on 207.115.36.20. <[email protected]>: 207.115.37.21 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.2.1 <[email protected]>... Addressee unknown, relay=[174.142.62.210] Giving up on 207.115.37.21. <[email protected]>: 192.169.41.23 failed after I sent the message. Remote host said: 554 qq Sorry, no valid recipients (#5.1.3) --- Below this line is a copy of the message. Return-Path: <[email protected]> Received: (qmail 15962 invoked from network); 1 May 2013 06:49:34 -0400 Received: from exprod6mo107.postini.com (64.18.1.18) by psa.aaaaaa.com with (DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA encrypted) SMTP; 1 May 2013 06:49:34 -0400 Received: from aaaaaa.com (exprod6lut001.postini.com [64.18.1.199]) by exprod6mo107.postini.com (Postfix) with SMTP id 47F80B8CA4 for <[email protected]>; Wed, 1 May 2013 03:49:33 -0700 (PDT) From: "Support" <[email protected]> To: [email protected] Subject: Detected Potential Junk Mail Date: Wed, 1 May 2013 03:49:33 -0700 Dear [email protected], junk mail protection service has detected suspicious email message(s) since your last visit and directed them to your Message Center. You can inspect your suspicious email at: ... UPDATE: After not seeing this problem for a while, I personally sent a message and immediately got a bounce with several bad addresses that I know I did not send to. These are addresses that are not on my system or on the server. This problem happens with both Mac and Windows clients and with messages generated from Postini and sent to users on my system. This is NOT backscatter. If it was backscatter it would not have the contents of my message in it. UPDATE #2 Here is another bounce. This one was sent by me and the bounce came back immediately. Hi. This is the qmail-send program at psa.aaaaaa.com. I'm afraid I wasn't able to deliver your message to the following addresses. This is a permanent error; I've given up. Sorry it didn't work out. <[email protected]>: 71.74.56.227 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.1.1 <[email protected]>... User unknown Giving up on 71.74.56.227. <[email protected]>: Connected to 208.34.236.3 but sender was rejected. Remote host said: 550 5.7.1 This system is configured to reject mail from 174.142.62.210 [174.142.62.210] (Host blacklisted - Found on Realtime Black List server 'bl.mailspike.net') <[email protected]>: 66.96.80.22 failed after I sent the message. Remote host said: 552 sorry, mailbox [email protected] is over quota temporarily (#5.1.1) <[email protected]>: 83.145.109.52 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.1.1 <[email protected]>: Recipient address rejected: User unknown in virtual mailbox table Giving up on 83.145.109.52. <[email protected]>: 69.49.101.234 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550 5.7.1 <[email protected]>... H:M12 [174.142.62.210] Connection refused due to abuse. Please see http://mailspike.org/anubis/lookup.html or contact your E-mail provider. Giving up on 69.49.101.234. <[email protected]>: 212.55.154.36 does not like recipient. Remote host said: 550-The account has been suspended for inactivity 550 A conta do destinatario encontra-se suspensa por inactividade (#5.2.1) Giving up on 212.55.154.36. <[email protected]>: 199.168.90.102 failed after I sent the message. Remote host said: 552 Transaction [email protected] failed, remote said "550 No such user" (#5.1.1) <[email protected]>: 98.136.217.192 failed after I sent the message. Remote host said: 554 delivery error: dd Sorry your message to [email protected] cannot be delivered. This account has been disabled or discontinued [#102]. - mta1210.sbc.mail.gq1.yahoo.com --- Below this line is a copy of the message. Return-Path: <[email protected]> Received: (qmail 2618 invoked from network); 2 Jun 2013 22:32:51 -0400 Received: from 75-138-254-239.dhcp.jcsn.tn.charter.com (HELO ?192.168.0.66?) (75.138.254.239) by psa.aaaaaa.com with SMTP; 2 Jun 2013 22:32:48 -0400 User-Agent: Microsoft-Entourage/12.34.0.120813 Date: Sun, 02 Jun 2013 21:32:39 -0500 Subject: Refinance From: Tim Duncklee <[email protected]> To: Scott jones <[email protected]> Message-ID: <CDD16A79.67344%[email protected]> Thread-Topic: Reference Thread-Index: Ac5gAp2QmTs+LRv0SEOy7AJTX2DWzQ== Mime-version: 1.0 Content-type: multipart/mixed; boundary="B_3453053568_12034440" > This message is in MIME format. Since your mail reader does not understand this format, some or all of this message may not be legible. --B_3453053568_12034440 Content-type: multipart/related; boundary="B_3453053568_11982218" --B_3453053568_11982218 Content-type: multipart/alternative; boundary="B_3453053568_12000660" --B_3453053568_12000660 Content-type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1" Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable Scott, ... email body here ... Here are the relevant log entries: Jun 2 22:32:50 psa qmail-queue[2616]: mail: all addreses are uncheckable - need to skip scanning (by deny mode) Jun 2 22:32:50 psa qmail-queue[2616]: scan: the message(drweb.tmp.i2SY0n) sent by [email protected] to [email protected] should be passed without checks, because contains uncheckable addresses Jun 2 22:32:50 psa qmail-queue-handlers[2617]: Handlers Filter before-queue for qmail started ... Jun 2 22:32:50 psa qmail-queue-handlers[2617]: [email protected] Jun 2 22:32:50 psa qmail-queue-handlers[2617]: [email protected] Jun 2 22:32:50 psa qmail-queue-handlers[2617]: hook_dir = '/var/qmail//handlers/before-queue' Jun 2 22:32:50 psa qmail-queue-handlers[2617]: recipient[3] = '[email protected]' Jun 2 22:32:50 psa qmail-queue-handlers[2617]: handlers dir = '/var/qmail//handlers/before-queue/recipient/[email protected]' Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail: 1370226771.060211 starting delivery 57: msg 1540285 to remote [email protected] Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail: 1370226771.060402 status: local 0/10 remote 1/20 Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail: 1370226771.060556 new msg 4915232 Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail: 1370226771.060671 info msg 4915232: bytes 687899 from <[email protected]> qp 2618 uid 2020 Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail-remote-handlers[2619]: Handlers Filter before-remote for qmail started ... Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail-queue-handlers[2617]: starter: submitter[2618] exited normally Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail-remote-handlers[2619]: from= Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail-remote-handlers[2619]: [email protected] Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail: 1370226771.078732 starting delivery 58: msg 4915232 to remote [email protected] Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail: 1370226771.078825 status: local 0/10 remote 2/20 Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail-remote-handlers[2621]: Handlers Filter before-remote for qmail started ... Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail-remote-handlers[2621]: [email protected] Jun 2 22:32:51 psa qmail-remote-handlers[2621]: [email protected]

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• Can't get MySQL to install

  - by James Marthenal

  I'd like to think I know what I'm doing in a Unix shell but maybe not. I made a mistake in a configuration file for MySQL, so I decided to just uninstall it and then reinstall it, so I did: sudo apt-get --purge remove mysql-server mysql-server-5.0 mysql-client The files were deleted, so I then tried to install it, but it didn't ask me for a root password or anything else, so I uninstalled it using the above command again and then did sudo rm -rf /etc/mysql sudo rm /etc/init.d/mysql sudo rm -rf /var/lib/mysql* I then restarted the computer then installed it again: sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client It asked for a root password, and everything looked like it would work, until I saw this: $ sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following extra packages will be installed: mysql-server-5.0 Suggested packages: tinyca The following NEW packages will be installed: mysql-client mysql-server mysql-server-5.0 0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded. Need to get 0B/27.4MB of archives. After this operation, 86.7MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated! mysql-server-5.0 mysql-client mysql-server Authentication warning overridden. Preconfiguring packages ... Can't exec "/tmp/mysql-server-5.0.config.28101": Permission denied at /usr/share/perl/5.10/IPC/Open3.pm line 168. open2: exec of /tmp/mysql-server-5.0.config.28101 configure failed at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/ConfModule.pm line 59 mysql-server-5.0 failed to preconfigure, with exit status 255 Selecting previously deselected package mysql-server-5.0. (Reading database ... 160284 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking mysql-server-5.0 (from .../mysql-server-5.0_5.0.51a-24+lenny5_amd64.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package mysql-client. Unpacking mysql-client (from .../mysql-client_5.0.51a-24+lenny5_all.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package mysql-server. Unpacking mysql-server (from .../mysql-server_5.0.51a-24+lenny5_all.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up mysql-server-5.0 (5.0.51a-24+lenny5) ... Stopping MySQL database server: mysqld. /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-server-5.0.postinst: line 144: /etc/mysql/conf.d/old_passwords.cnf: No such file or directory dpkg: error processing mysql-server-5.0 (--configure): subprocess post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Setting up mysql-client (5.0.51a-24+lenny5) ... dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of mysql-server: mysql-server depends on mysql-server-5.0; however: Package mysql-server-5.0 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing mysql-server (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Errors were encountered while processing: mysql-server-5.0 mysql-server E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) Now I can't seem to figure out what to do. I just want to get a clean MySQL installation at this point. I'm running the latest stable release of Debian. All help is appreciated—thanks! Edit: I looked at this similar question, which suggests that I uninstall mysql-common, but when I try to do so I see: The following packages will be REMOVED: apache2 apache2-mpm-prefork apache2-utils apache2.2-common git-svn libapache2-mod-php5 libapache2-mod-python libapache2-svn libaprutil1 libdbd-mysql-perl libdbd-mysql-rubygem libmysql-ruby libmysql-ruby1.8 libmysql-rubygem libmysqlclient15-dev libmysqlclient15off librdf-perl librdf0 libserf-0-0 libsvn-perl libsvn1 mysql-client-5.0 mysql-common mytop ndn-apache22-php5 ndn-apache22-svn ndn-interpreters ndn-lighttpd ndn-netsaint-plugins ndn-perl-modules ndn-php5-cgi ndn-php5-xcache ndn-php53 ndn-php53-suhosin ndn-rubygems php5 php5-mcrypt php5-mysql proftpd proftpd-mod-mysql python-django python-mysqldb python-subversion python-svn subversion subversion-tools trac zendoptimizer 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 48 to remove and 1 not upgraded. Eeek! Any suggestions?

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• Can't install MySQL

  - by James Marthenal

  I have a Debian machine that I have previously installed MySQL on. In an attempt to delete it, I stupidly deleted the directories/files /etc/mysql/, /etc/init.d/mysql, /usr/lib/mysql/, /var/lib/mysql/. I then later did sudo apt-get purge mysql-server mysql-server-5.0. Now, when I try to install mysql-server, I get: $ sudo apt-get install mysql-server Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following extra packages will be installed: mysql-server-5.0 The following NEW packages will be installed: mysql-server mysql-server-5.0 0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 0B/27.4MB of archives. After this operation, 86.6MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated! mysql-server-5.0 mysql-server Authentication warning overridden. Preconfiguring packages ... Can't exec "/tmp/mysql-server-5.0.config.122781": Permission denied at /usr/share/perl/5.10/IPC/Open3.pm line 168. open2: exec of /tmp/mysql-server-5.0.config.122781 configure failed at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/ConfModule.pm line 59 mysql-server-5.0 failed to preconfigure, with exit status 255 Selecting previously deselected package mysql-server-5.0. (Reading database ... 158138 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking mysql-server-5.0 (from .../mysql-server-5.0_5.0.51a-24+lenny5_amd64.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package mysql-server. Unpacking mysql-server (from .../mysql-server_5.0.51a-24+lenny5_all.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up mysql-server-5.0 (5.0.51a-24+lenny5) ... Stopping MySQL database server: mysqld. 110206 19:31:13 [ERROR] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Can't find file: './mysql/user.frm' (errno: 13) 110206 19:31:13 [ERROR] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Can't find file: './mysql/user.frm' (errno: 13) ERROR: 1017 Can't find file: './mysql/user.frm' (errno: 13) 110206 19:31:13 [ERROR] Aborting 110206 19:31:13 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete /etc/init.d/mysql: WARNING: /etc/mysql/my.cnf cannot be read. See README.Debian.gz (warning). Starting MySQL database server: mysqld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . failed! invoke-rc.d: initscript mysql, action "start" failed. dpkg: error processing mysql-server-5.0 (--configure): subprocess post-installation script returned error exit status 1 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of mysql-server: mysql-server depends on mysql-server-5.0; however: Package mysql-server-5.0 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing mysql-server (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Errors were encountered while processing: mysql-server-5.0 mysql-server E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) I have tried to search for a solution via Google and have found lots of suggestions for this problem, but ultimately it seems like the problem is that by deleting the files manually, I messed up the mysql-common package. I have tried to do sudo apt-get install --reinstall mysql-common followed by installing mysql-server, but it does the exact same thing. I previously had MySQL working great, I just want to get it back to that state. Thanks so much for your help.

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• iproute2 not functioning ("RTNETLINK answers: Operation not supported")

  - by James Watt

  The command and error message: gtwy ~ # ip rule add from 64.251.23.186 table t1 RTNETLINK answers: Operation not supported Older article of the same problem, but it did not help me: http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-696982-start-0-postdays-0-postorder-asc-highlight-.html I have looked on google at great lengths to try to find a solution. It seems that my kernel configuration is missing something? Any help or ideas would be appreciated. My system/kernel is: 2.6.36-gentoo-r5 #3 SMP Thu Jan 13 10:49:06 EST 2011 x86_64 Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU X3220 @ 2.40GHz GenuineIntel GNU/Linux. I am posting this on SuperUser since this system is used as a workstation and this problem is unrelated to specific tasks that are handled exclusively by servers. iproute2 is installed: gtwy etc # emerge --search iproute2 Searching... [ Results for search key : iproute2 ] [ Applications found : 1 ] * sys-apps/iproute2 Latest version available: 2.6.35-r2 Latest version installed: 2.6.35-r2 Size of files: 378 kB Homepage: http://www.linuxfoundation.org/collaborate/workgroups/networking/iproute2 Description: kernel routing and traffic control utilities License: GPL-2 A small snippet of my kernel .config (view entire .config): gtwy linux # cat .config | grep NETLINK CONFIG_NETFILTER_NETLINK=y CONFIG_NETFILTER_NETLINK_QUEUE=y CONFIG_NETFILTER_NETLINK_LOG=y CONFIG_NF_CT_NETLINK=y CONFIG_SCSI_NETLINK=y gtwy linux # cat .config | grep IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER CONFIG_IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER=y gtwy linux # cat .config | grep INGRESS CONFIG_NET_SCH_INGRESS=y gtwy linux # cat .config | grep NET_SCHED CONFIG_NET_SCHED=y emerge --info Portage 2.1.9.25 (default/linux/amd64/10.0, gcc-4.1.2, glibc-2.10.1-r1, 2.6.36-gentoo-r5 x86_64) ================================================================= System uname: Linux-2.6.36-gentoo-r5-x86_64-Intel-R-_Xeon-R-_CPU_X3220_@_2.40GHz-with-gentoo-1.12.13 Timestamp of tree: Thu, 13 Jan 2011 01:15:01 +0000 app-shells/bash: 4.0_p37 dev-java/java-config: 1.3.7-r1, 2.1.10 dev-lang/python: 2.4.6, 2.5.4-r4, 2.6.5-r2, 3.1.2-r3 sys-apps/baselayout: 1.12.13 sys-apps/sandbox: 1.6-r2 sys-devel/autoconf: 2.13, 2.65 sys-devel/automake: 1.9.6-r2::<unknown repository>, 1.10.2, 1.11.1 sys-devel/binutils: 2.20.1-r1 sys-devel/gcc: 4.1.2, 4.3.4, 4.4.3-r2 sys-devel/gcc-config: 1.4.1 sys-devel/libtool: 2.2.6b sys-devel/make: 3.81 virtual/os-headers: 2.6.30-r1 (sys-kernel/linux-headers) ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="amd64" ACCEPT_LICENSE="*" CBUILD="x86_64-pc-linux-gnu" CFLAGS="-march=nocona -O2 -pipe" CHOST="x86_64-pc-linux-gnu" CONFIG_PROTECT="/etc /var/bind" CONFIG_PROTECT_MASK="/etc/ca-certificates.conf /etc/env.d /etc/env.d/java/ /etc/fonts/fonts.conf /etc/gconf /etc/php/apache2-php5/ext-active/ /etc/php/cgi-php5/ext-active/ /etc/php/cli-php5/ext-active/ /etc/revdep-rebuild /etc/sandbox.d /etc/terminfo" CXXFLAGS="-march=nocona -O2 -pipe" DISTDIR="/usr/portage/distfiles" FEATURES="assume-digests binpkg-logs distlocks fixlafiles fixpackages news parallel-fetch protect-owned sandbox sfperms strict unknown-features-warn unmerge-logs unmerge-orphans userfetch" GENTOO_MIRRORS="http://gentoo.chem.wisc.edu/gentoo" LC_ALL="en_US.UTF-8" LDFLAGS="-Wl,-O1 -Wl,--as-needed" LINGUAS="en" MAKEOPTS="-j5" PKGDIR="/usr/portage/packages" PORTAGE_CONFIGROOT="/" PORTAGE_RSYNC_OPTS="--recursive --links --safe-links --perms --times --compress --force --whole-file --delete --stats --timeout=180 --exclude=/distfiles --exclude=/local --exclude=/packages" PORTAGE_TMPDIR="/var/tmp" PORTDIR="/usr/portage" PORTDIR_OVERLAY="/usr/local/portage" SYNC="rsync://rsync.namerica.gentoo.org/gentoo-portage" USE="acl amd64 apache2 berkdb bzip2 cli cracklib crypt ctype cups curl cxx dri fortran gdbm gpm iconv jpeg jpeg2k libwww mmx modules mudflap multilib mysql ncurses nls nptl nptlonly openmp pam pcre perl php png pppd python readline session sockets sse sse2 ssl symlink sysfs tcpd threads unicode vhosts xml xorg xsl zlib" ALSA_CARDS="ali5451 als4000 atiixp atiixp-modem bt87x ca0106 cmipci emu10k1x ens1370 ens1371 es1938 es1968 fm801 hda-intel intel8x0 intel8x0m maestro3 trident usb-audio via82xx via82xx-modem ymfpci" ALSA_PCM_PLUGINS="adpcm alaw asym copy dmix dshare dsnoop empty extplug file hooks iec958 ioplug ladspa lfloat linear meter mmap_emul mulaw multi null plug rate route share shm softvol" APACHE2_MODULES="actions alias auth_basic authn_alias authn_anon authn_dbm authn_default authn_file authz_dbm authz_default authz_groupfile authz_host authz_owner authz_user autoindex cache cgi cgid dav dav_fs dav_lock deflate dir disk_cache env expires ext_filter file_cache filter headers include info log_config logio mem_cache mime mime_magic negotiation rewrite setenvif speling status unique_id userdir usertrack vhost_alias" COLLECTD_PLUGINS="df interface irq load memory rrdtool swap syslog" ELIBC="glibc" GPSD_PROTOCOLS="ashtech aivdm earthmate evermore fv18 garmin garmintxt gpsclock itrax mtk3301 nmea ntrip navcom oceanserver oldstyle oncore rtcm104v2 rtcm104v3 sirf superstar2 timing tsip tripmate tnt ubx" INPUT_DEVICES="keyboard mouse evdev" KERNEL="linux" LCD_DEVICES="bayrad cfontz cfontz633 glk hd44780 lb216 lcdm001 mtxorb ncurses text" LINGUAS="en" PHP_TARGETS="php5-3" RUBY_TARGETS="ruby18" USERLAND="GNU" VIDEO_CARDS="fbdev glint intel mach64 mga neomagic nouveau nv r128 radeon savage sis tdfx trident vesa via vmware dummy v4l" XTABLES_ADDONS="quota2 psd pknock lscan length2 ipv4options ipset ipp2p iface geoip fuzzy condition tee tarpit sysrq steal rawnat logmark ipmark dhcpmac delude chaos account" Unset: CPPFLAGS, CTARGET, EMERGE_DEFAULT_OPTS, FFLAGS, INSTALL_MASK, LANG, PORTAGE_BUNZIP2_COMMAND, PORTAGE_COMPRESS, PORTAGE_COMPRESS_FLAGS, PORTAGE_RSYNC_EXTRA_OPTS

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• Sometimes this script fails to update the iptables

  - by AlJo

  It does not happen often, but sometimes after running the below script, checking the iptables with service iptables status shows that they weren't updated and the script doesn't output any error. The iptables is structured as look-up tree (long repeated sections snipped): #!/bin/sh iptables -t nat -F iptables -t nat -X iptables -F iptables -X iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -s 93.225.0.0/16 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -s 15.102.0.0/16 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -s 47.122.0.0/16 -j ACCEPT iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-0 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-1 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-2 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-3 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-4 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-5 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-6 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-7 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-8 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-9 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-10 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-11 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-12 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-13 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-14 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-15 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-16 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-17 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-18 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-19 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-20 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-21 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-22 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-23 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-24 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-25 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-26 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-27 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-28 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-29 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-30 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-31 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-32 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-33 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-34 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-35 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-36 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-37 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 1.54.96.0-5.133.179.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-0 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 5.133.180.0-24.113.159.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-1 [snip] iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 195.13.45.0-198.11.255.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-29 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 198.12.64.0-199.19.215.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-30 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 199.21.96.0-200.31.3.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-31 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 200.31.11.0-202.171.255.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-32 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 203.130.134.192-206.212.255.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-33 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 206.214.64.0-211.155.95.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-34 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 212.19.128.0-216.176.191.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-35 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 216.189.0.0-218.23.255.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-36 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 218.30.96.0-223.255.231.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-37 iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-0 -s 1.54.96.0/20 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-0 -s 1.208.0.0/12 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-0 -s 1.224.0.0/11 -j DROP [snip] iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-0 -s 5.133.178.0/23 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-0 -j ACCEPT iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-1 -s 5.133.180.0/22 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-1 -s 5.135.0.0/16 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-1 -s 5.153.232.0/21 -j DROP [snip] iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-1 -s 24.113.128.0/19 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-1 -j ACCEPT . . . iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.13.45.0/24 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.20.224.0/19 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.31.216.0/26 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.58.245.0/24 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.60.164.0/23 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.60.240.0/22 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.62.10.0/23 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.110.30.0/23 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.154.0.0/16 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.190.13.0/24 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.211.152.0/22 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-1 -j ACCEPT [snip more of same to end of script] Can anyone see why this script would silently fail to update the iptables sometimes? Maybe it's not the script? Thanks

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• Error installing pkgconfig via macports

  - by Greg K

  I installed Macports 1.8.2 from a DMG. That seemed to install fine. I ran sudo port selfupdate to make sure my ports tree was current. I then tried to install bindfs as I want to mount some directories in my OS X file system (like you can do with mount --bind in linux). pkgconfig and macfuse are two dependencies of bindfs. I had trouble installing bindfs due to errors installing pkgconfig, so I tried to just install pkgconfig, here's the debug output from sudo port install pkgconfig: $ sudo port -d install pkgconfig DEBUG: Found port in file:///opt/local/var/macports/sources/rsync.macports.org/release/ports/devel/pkgconfig DEBUG: Changing to port directory: /opt/local/var/macports/sources/rsync.macports.org/release/ports/devel/pkgconfig DEBUG: OS Platform: darwin DEBUG: OS Version: 10.3.0 DEBUG: Mac OS X Version: 10.6 DEBUG: System Arch: i386 DEBUG: setting option os.universal_supported to yes DEBUG: org.macports.load registered provides 'load', a pre-existing procedure. Target override will not be provided DEBUG: org.macports.unload registered provides 'unload', a pre-existing procedure. Target override will not be provided DEBUG: org.macports.distfiles registered provides 'distfiles', a pre-existing procedure. Target override will not be provided DEBUG: adding the default universal variant DEBUG: Reading variant descriptions from /opt/local/var/macports/sources/rsync.macports.org/release/ports/_resources/port1.0/variant_descriptions.conf DEBUG: Requested variant darwin is not provided by port pkgconfig. DEBUG: Requested variant i386 is not provided by port pkgconfig. DEBUG: Requested variant macosx is not provided by port pkgconfig. ---> Computing dependencies for pkgconfig DEBUG: Executing org.macports.main (pkgconfig) DEBUG: Skipping completed org.macports.fetch (pkgconfig) DEBUG: Skipping completed org.macports.checksum (pkgconfig) DEBUG: Skipping completed org.macports.extract (pkgconfig) DEBUG: Skipping completed org.macports.patch (pkgconfig) ---> Configuring pkgconfig DEBUG: Using compiler 'Mac OS X gcc 4.2' DEBUG: Executing org.macports.configure (pkgconfig) DEBUG: Environment: CFLAGS='-O2 -arch x86_64' CPPFLAGS='-I/opt/local/include' CXXFLAGS='-O2 -arch x86_64' MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET='10.6' CXX='/usr/bin/g++-4.2' F90FLAGS='-O2 -m64' LDFLAGS='-L/opt/local/lib' OBJC='/usr/bin/gcc-4.2' FCFLAGS='-O2 -m64' INSTALL='/usr/bin/install -c' OBJCFLAGS='-O2 -arch x86_64' FFLAGS='-O2 -m64' CC='/usr/bin/gcc-4.2' DEBUG: Assembled command: 'cd "/opt/local/var/macports/build/_opt_local_var_macports_sources_rsync.macports.org_release_ports_devel_pkgconfig/work/pkg-config-0.23" && ./configure --prefix=/opt/local --enable-indirect-deps --with-pc-path=/opt/local/lib/pkgconfig:/opt/local/share/pkgconfig' checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c checking whether build environment is sane... yes checking for gawk... no checking for mawk... no checking for nawk... no checking for awk... awk checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... no checking whether to enable maintainer-specific portions of Makefiles... no checking build system type... i386-apple-darwin10.3.0 checking host system type... i386-apple-darwin10.3.0 checking for style of include used by make... none checking for gcc... /usr/bin/gcc-4.2 checking for C compiler default output file name... configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables See `config.log' for more details. Error: Target org.macports.configure returned: configure failure: shell command " cd "/opt/local/var/macports/build/_opt_local_var_macports_sources_rsync.macports.org_release_ports_devel_pkgconfig/work/pkg-config-0.23" && ./configure --prefix=/opt/local --enable-indirect-deps --with-pc-path=/opt/local/lib/pkgconfig:/opt/local/share/pkgconfig " returned error 77 DEBUG: Backtrace: configure failure: shell command " cd "/opt/local/var/macports/build/_opt_local_var_macports_sources_rsync.macports.org_release_ports_devel_pkgconfig/work/pkg-config-0.23" && ./configure --prefix=/opt/local --enable-indirect-deps --with-pc-path=/opt/local/lib/pkgconfig:/opt/local/share/pkgconfig " returned error 77 while executing "$procedure $targetname" Warning: the following items did not execute (for pkgconfig): org.macports.activate org.macports.configure org.macports.build org.macports.destroot org.macports.install Error: Status 1 encountered during processing. I have only recently installed Xcode 3.2.2 (prior to installing macports). Am I right in thinking this the issue here: configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables

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• Useful Command-line Commands on Windows

  - by Sung Meister

  The aim for this Wiki is to promote using a command to open up commonly used applications without having to go through many mouse clicks - thus saving time on monitoring and troubleshooting Windows machines. Answer entries need to specify Application name Commands Screenshot (Optional) Shortcut to commands && - Command Chaining %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\rcimlby.exe -LaunchRA - Remote Assistance (Windows XP) appwiz.cpl - Programs and Features (Formerly Known as "Add or Remove Programs") appwiz.cpl @,2 - Turn Windows Features On and Off (Add/Remove Windows Components pane) arp - Displays and modifies the IP-to-Physical address translation tables used by address resolution protocol (ARP) at - Schedule tasks either locally or remotely without using Scheduled Tasks bootsect.exe - Updates the master boot code for hard disk partitions to switch between BOOTMGR and NTLDR cacls - Change Access Control List (ACL) permissions on a directory, its subcontents, or files calc - Calculator chkdsk - Check/Fix the disk surface for physical errors or bad sectors cipher - Displays or alters the encryption of directories [files] on NTFS partitions cleanmgr.exe - Disk Cleanup clip - Redirects output of command line tools to the Windows clipboard cls - clear the command line screen cmd /k - Run command with command extensions enabled color - Sets the default console foreground and background colors in console command.com - Default Operating System Shell compmgmt.msc - Computer Management control.exe /name Microsoft.NetworkAndSharingCenter - Network and Sharing Center control keyboard - Keyboard Properties control mouse(or main.cpl) - Mouse Properties control sysdm.cpl,@0,3 - Advanced Tab of the System Properties dialog control userpasswords2 - Opens the classic User Accounts dialog desk.cpl - opens the display properties devmgmt.msc - Device Manager diskmgmt.msc - Disk Management diskpart - Disk management from the command line dsa.msc - Opens active directory users and computers dsquery - Finds any objects in the directory according to criteria dxdiag - DirectX Diagnostic Tool eventvwr - Windows Event Log (Event Viewer) explorer . - Open explorer with the current folder selected. explorer /e, . - Open explorer, with folder tree, with current folder selected. F7 - View command history find - Searches for a text string in a file or files findstr - Find a string in a file firewall.cpl - Opens the Windows Firewall settings fsmgmt.msc - Shared Folders fsutil - Perform tasks related to FAT and NTFS file systems ftp - Transfers files to and from a computer running an FTP server service getmac - Shows the mac address(es) of your network adapter(s) gpedit.msc - Group Policy Editor gpresult - Displays the Resultant Set of Policy (RSoP) information for a target user and computer httpcfg.exe - HTTP Configuration Utility iisreset - To restart IIS InetMgr.exe - Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager 7 InetMgr6.exe - Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager 6 intl.cpl - Regional and Language Options ipconfig - Internet protocol configuration lusrmgr.msc - Local Users and Groups Administrator msconfig - System Configuration notepad - Notepad? ;) mmsys.cpl - Sound/Recording/Playback properties mode - Configure system devices more - Displays one screen of output at a time mrt - Microsoft Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool mstsc.exe - Remote Desktop Connection nbstat - displays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP connections using NBT ncpa.cpl - Network Connections netsh - Display or modify the network configuration of a computer that is currently running netstat - Network Statistics net statistics - Check computer up time net stop - Stops a running service. net use - Connects a computer to or disconnects a computer from a shared resource, or displays information about computer connections odbcad32.exe - ODBC Data Source Administrator pathping - A traceroute that collects detailed packet loss stats perfmon - Opens Reliability and Performance Monitor ping - Determine whether a remote computer is accessible over the network powercfg.cpl - Power management control panel applet quser - Display information about user sessions on a terminal server qwinsta - See disconnected remote desktop sessions reg.exe - Console Registry Tool for Windows regedit - Registry Editor rasdial - Connects to a VPN or a dialup network robocopy - Backup/Restore/Copy large amounts of files reliably rsop.msc - Resultant Set of Policy (shows the combined effect of all group policies active on the current system/login) runas - Run specific tools and programs with different permissions than the user's current logon provides sc - Manage anything you want to do with services. schtasks - Enables an administrator to create, delete, query, change, run and end scheduled tasks on a local or remote system. secpol.msc - Local Security Settings services.msc - Services control panel set - Displays, sets, or removes cmd.exe environment variables. set DIRCMD - Preset dir parameter in cmd.exe start - Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command start. - opens the current directory in the Windows Explorer. shutdown.exe - Shutdown or Reboot a local/remote machine subst.exe - Associates a path with a drive letter, including local drives systeminfo -Displays a comprehensive information about the system taskkill - terminate tasks by process id (PID) or image name tasklist.exe - List Processes on local or a remote machine taskmgr.exe - Task Manager telephon.cpl - Telephone and Modem properties timedate.cpl - Date and Time title - Change the title of the CMD window you have open tracert - Trace route wmic - Windows Management Instrumentation Command-line winver.exe - Find Windows Version wscui.cpl - Windows Security Center wuauclt.exe - Windows Update AutoUpdate Client

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• Broken cups installation on a ubuntu server 64

  - by user67046

  Hi, I am having trouble with an cups installation. It seems to be in a broken state. When i try to reinstall it it stalls, the same if i try to remove it completely. I am running the server version 64 bit of Ubuntu 10.10 with kernel Linux version 2.6.35-22-server. When i try to start the cups daemon with the following command sudo service cups start It just stays there and nothing happens. I have tried to remove it, to be able to reinstall it, with the following command sudo apt-get purge cups It finally stalls with the following message Removing cups ... After that nothing happens. The process tree for the apt-get command looks like this. 1404 1404 1404 ? 00:00:00 sshd 26495 26495 26495 ? 00:00:00 sshd 26581 26495 26495 ? 00:00:00 sshd 26582 26582 26582 pts/4 00:00:00 bash 27158 27158 26582 pts/4 00:00:00 apt-get 27172 27172 27172 pts/2 00:00:00 dpkg 27176 27172 27172 pts/2 00:00:00 cups.prerm 27178 27172 27172 pts/2 00:00:00 stop I have tried to leave the process running for a while to see if i get any error messages but without success. To get out of it I have to kill the processes. sudo dpkg --configure cups dpkg: error processing cups (--configure): package cups is already installed and configured Errors were encountered while processing: cups sudo dpkg --status cups Package: cups Status: purge ok installed Priority: optional Section: net Installed-Size: 8292 Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <[email protected]> Architecture: amd64 Version: 1.4.4-6ubuntu2.3 Replaces: cupsddk-drivers (<< 1.4.0) Provides: cupsddk-drivers Depends: libavahi-client3 (>= 0.6.16), libavahi-common3 (>= 0.6.16), libc6 (>= 2.7), libcups2 (>= 1.4.4-3~), libcupscgi1 (>= 1.4.2), libcupsdriver1 (>= 1.4.0), libcupsimage2 (>= 1.4.0), libcupsmime1 (>= 1.4.0), libcupsppdc1 (>= 1.4.0), libdbus-1-3 (>= 1.0.2), libgcc1 (>= 1:4.1.1), libgnutls26 (>= 2.7.14-0), libgssapi-krb5-2 (>= 1.8+dfsg), libijs-0.35, libkrb5-3 (>= 1.6.dfsg.2), libldap-2.4-2 (>= 2.4.7), libpam0g (>= 0.99.7.1), libpaper1, libpoppler7, libslp1, libstdc++6 (>= 4.1.1), libusb-0.1-4 (>= 2:0.1.12), zlib1g (>= 1:1.1.4), debconf (>= 1.2.9) | debconf-2.0, upstart-job, poppler-utils (>= 0.12), procps, ghostscript, lsb-base (>= 3), cups-common (>= 1.4.4), cups-client (>= 1.4.4-6ubuntu2.3), ssl-cert (>= 1.0.11), adduser, bc, ttf-freefont, cups-ppdc Recommends: foomatic-filters (>= 4.0), cups-driver-gutenprint, ghostscript-cups Suggests: cups-bsd, foomatic-db-compressed-ppds | foomatic-db, hplip, xpdf-korean | xpdf-japanese | xpdf-chinese-traditional | xpdf-chinese-simplified, cups-pdf, smbclient (>= 3.0.9), udev Breaks: foomatic-filters (<< 4.0) Conflicts: cupsddk-drivers (<< 1.4.0) Conffiles: /etc/fonts/conf.d/99pdftoopvp.conf a5221cfad70a981c80864229ef56586d /etc/logrotate.d/cups 5bb41fa9900f0d1c565954405a2bd7c4 /etc/default/cups 2b436fbb1a32b82b6aba45a76a1d7e40 /etc/pam.d/cups ff2488324854f7b1e892bb0df062d5f0 /etc/init/cups.conf 1a3cd022e8474e3d2b44640f33ce68e3 /etc/ufw/applications.d/cups 29e98a6d850da251e180c3d68dec2bd3 /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.cupsd 60c4b26bfd5c033baa3dd48a3b2e9911 /etc/cups/cupsd.conf e2c7ec15835ea0939e5e86f7c6efcc03 /etc/cups/snmp.conf 2326a8af1e112676d55245bc5eb459ca /etc/cups/cupsd.conf.default a68d54d76021e857dd1d64edf57d36c5 Description: Common UNIX Printing System(tm) - server The Common UNIX Printing System (or CUPS(tm)) is a printing system and general replacement for lpd and the like. It supports the Internet Printing Protocol (IPP), and has its own filtering driver model for handling various document types. . This package provides the CUPS scheduler/daemon and related files. Original-Maintainer: Debian CUPS Maintainers <[email protected]> Would be greatful if someone could provide some help on how to solve this issue.

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• SQL Server Issue: Could not allocate space for object ... primary filegroup is full

  - by Luke

  Trying to figure out a problem at an office that has SQL Server 2005 installed on Windows SBS Server 2008. Here's the setup: It's an office, and the person who set this all up is nowhere to be found. I'm the best hope they have... One of the programs they use on a workstation gives them an error of "Could not allocate space for object 'Billing' in database "MyDatabase" because primary filegroup is full" when trying to save an entry in their software. I searched around for hours, looking for possible solutions. One was to check for available disk space, and another was to defrag. I checked the hard drives on the server, and there is plenty of space free. I also defragged, which may have helped the problem somewhat. It's hard to say, because it seems like with the nature of the error, if you try over and over you might get it to actually save. My next step was to try to see if autogrowth was enabled on the database. This would seem to be a likely / possible solution, but I can't access the database! If I run the SQL Management Studio, I can log in as my Windows user and view the list of databases. However, if I try to do anything (actually view the database, view the properties, add or edit users), I get errors that I don't have permission. For what it's worth, I also tried runing Management Studio as Administrator, in case that would help. No difference, though. Now, what I'm guessing is going on -- from my limited knowledge of SQL and from reading online -- is that though I'm logged in as a Windows administrator, that account does NOT have SQL access. I do see a list of SQL users, including SA, but I again don't have permission to add one or to change the password on an existing one. And nobody at the office has any idea what the SQL passwords could be. So... here's my thinking thus far: 1 - The "Could not allocate" error likely points to a database that needs to be allowed to autogrow. Especially since I verified there is plenty of free space and the HD has been defragmented. 2 - Enabling autogrow would be very easy to do if I had the proper access within SQL Management Stuido. That leads me to this link: http://blogs.technet.com/b/sqlman/archive/2011/06/14/tips-amp-tricks-you-have-lost-access-to-sql-server-now-what.aspx It sounds like it's a step-by-step guide for giving me the access I need to SQL. I'm guessing that if I followed this guide, I would be able to then log in to the SQL server via Management Studio with the proper permissions, and would be able to enable autogrow (or simply view the status of the existing database), and hopefully solve the "Could not allocate space" problem! So I guess I have a few questions: 1 - Would you guys agree with my "diagnosis"? Think I'm barking up the right tree? 2 - Is there any risk at all in hurting / disabling / wrecking the current SQL database or setup with me going through the guide to regain SQL access? I understand that per the guide, I would have to temporarily shut down SQL, so obviously it wouldn't be accessible during that time. But it wouldn't be worth the risk if there's a chance I could mess anything up... Like I said, the workstations ARE currently accessing the database somehow, but nobody knows with what login info or anything. Basically, it's set up, it works (usually), but if they had to reload the software, nobody would know how. Any feedback would be appreciated!! The problem is such that it's not an emergency for them, but an annoyance. If I could fix it, it would be wonderful. But if not, I think they'll manage, especially as they are going to eventually stop using this software. Thank you so much for your time! Luke

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• install python2.7.3 + numpy + scipy + matplotlib + scikits.statsmodels + pandas0.7.3 correctly

  - by boldnik

  ...using Linux (xubuntu). How to install python2.7.3 + numpy + scipy + matplotlib + scikits.statsmodels + pandas0.7.3 correctly ? My final aim is to have them working. The problem: ~$ python --version Python 2.7.3 so i already have a system-default 2.7.3, which is good! ~$ dpkg -s python-numpy Package: python-numpy Status: install ok installed and i already have numpy installed! great! But... ~$ python Python 2.7.3 (default, Oct 23 2012, 01:07:38) [GCC 4.6.1] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import numpy as nmp Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> ImportError: No module named numpy this module couldn't be find by python. The same with scipy, matplotlib. Why? ~$ sudo apt-get install python-numpy [...] Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done python-numpy is already the newest version. [...] why it does not see numpy and others ? update: >>> import sys >>> print sys.path ['', '/usr/local/lib/python27.zip', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/lib-tk', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/lib-old', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages'] >>> so i do have /usr/local/lib/python2.7 ~$ pip freeze Warning: cannot find svn location for distribute==0.6.16dev-r0 BzrTools==2.4.0 CDApplet==1.0 [...] matplotlib==1.0.1 mutagen==1.19 numpy==1.5.1 [...] pandas==0.7.3 papyon==0.5.5 [...] pytz==2012g pyxdg==0.19 reportlab==2.5 scikits.statsmodels==0.3.1 scipy==0.11.0 [...] zope.interface==3.6.1 as you can see, those modules are already installed! But! ls -la /usr/local/lib/ gives ONLY python2.7 dir. And still ~$ python -V Python 2.7.3 and import sys sys.version '2.7.3 (default, Oct 23 2012, 01:07:38) \n[GCC 4.6.1]' updated: Probably I've missed another instance... One at /usr/Python-2.7.3/ and second (seems to be installed "by hands" far far ago) at /usr/python2.7.3/Python-2.7.3/ But how two identical versions can work at the same time??? Probably, one of them is "disabled" (not used by any program, but I don't know how to check if any program uses it). ~$ ls -la /usr/bin/python* lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2011-11-01 11:11 /usr/bin/python -> python2.7 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2476800 2012-09-28 19:48 /usr/bin/python2.6 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1452 2012-09-28 19:45 /usr/bin/python2.6-config -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2586060 2012-07-21 01:42 /usr/bin/python2.7 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1652 2012-07-21 01:40 /usr/bin/python2.7-config lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2011-10-05 23:53 /usr/bin/python3 -> python3.2 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 2011-09-06 02:04 /usr/bin/python3.2 -> python3.2mu -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2852896 2011-09-06 02:04 /usr/bin/python3.2mu lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 2011-10-08 19:50 /usr/bin/python-config -> python2.7-config there is a symlink python-python2.7, maybe I can ln -f -s this link to exact /usr/Python-2.7.3/python destination without harm ?? And how correctly to remove the 'copy' of 2.7.3?

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• Exchange 2003-Exchange 2010 post migration GAL/OAB problem

  - by user68726

  I am very new to Exchange so forgive my newbie-ness. I've exhausted Google trying to find a way to solve my problem so I'm hoping some of you gurus can shed some light on my next steps. Please forgive my bungling around through this. The problem I cannot download/update the Global Address List (GAL) and Offline Address Book (OAB) on my Outlook 2010 clients. I get: Task 'emailaddress' reported error (0x8004010F) : 'The operation failed. An object cannot be found.' ---- error. I'm using cached exchange mode, which if I turn off Outlook hangs completely from the moment I start it up. (Note I've replaced my actual email address with 'emailaddress') Background information I migrated mailboxes, public store, etc. from a Small Business Server 2003 with Exchange 2003 box to a Server 2008 R2 with Exchange 2010 based primarily on an experts exchange how to article. The exchange server is up and running as an internet facing exchange server with all of the roles necessary to send and receive mail and in that capacity is working fine. I "thought" I had successfully migrated everything from the SBS03 box, and due to huge amounts of errors in everything from AD to the Exchange install itself I removed the reference to the SBS03 server in adsiedit. I've still got access to the old SBS03 box, but as I said the number of errors in everything is preventing even the uninstall of Exchange (or the starting of the Exchange Information Store service), so I'm quite content to leave that box completely out of the picture while trying to solve my problem. After research I discovered this is most likely because I failed to run the “update-globaladdresslist” (or get / update) command from the Exchange shell before I removed the Exchange 2003 server from adsiedit (and the network). If I run the command now it gives me: WARNING: The recipient "domainname.com/Microsoft Exchange System Objects/Offline Address Book - first administrative group" is invalid and couldn't be updated. WARNING: The recipient "domainname.com/Microsoft Exchange System Objects/Schedule+ Free Busy Information – first administrative group" is invalid and couldn't be updated. WARNING: The recipient "domainname.com/Microsoft Exchange System Objects/ContainernameArchive" is invalid and couldn't be updated. WARNING: The recipient "domainname.com/Microsoft Exchange System Objects/ContainernameContacts" is invalid and couldn't be updated. (Note that I’ve replaced my domain with “domainname.com” and my organization name with “containername”) What I’ve tried I don’t want to use the old OAB, or GAL, I don’t care about either, our GAL and distribution lists needed to be organized anyway, so at this point I really just want to get rid of the old reference to the “first administrative group” and move on. I’ve tried to create a new GAL and tell Exchange 2010 to use that GAL instead of the old GAL, but I'm obviously missing some of the commands or something dumb I need to do to start over with a blank slate/GAL/OAB. I'm very tempted to completely delete the entire "first administrative group" tree from adsiedit and see if that gets rid of the ridiculous reference that no longer exists but I dont want to break something else. Commands run to try to create a new GAL and tell exch10 to use that GAL: New-globaladdresslist –name NAMEOFNEWGAL Set-globaladdresslist GUID –name NAMEOFNEWGAL This did nothing for me except now when I run get-globaladdresslist or with the | FL pipe I see two GALs listed, the “default global address list” and the “NAMEOFNEWGAL” that I created. After a little more research this morning it looks like you can't change/delete/remove the default address list, and the only way to do what I'm trying to do would be to maybe remove the default address list via adsiedit and recreate with a command something like new-GlobalAddressList -Name "Default Global Address List" -IncludedRecipients AllRecipients. This would be acceptable but I've searched and searched and can't find instructions or a breakdown of where exactly the default GAL lives in AD, and if I'd have to remove multiple child references/records. ** Of interest** I'm getting an event ID 9337 in my application log OALGen did not find any recipients in address list ‘\Global Address List. This offline address list will not be generated. -\NAMEOFMYOAB --------- on my Exchange 2010 box, which pretty much to me seems to confirm my suspicion that the empty GAL/OAB is what's causing the Outlook client 0x8004010F error. Help please!

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• Samba4 [homes] share

  - by SambaDrivesMeCrazy

  I am having issues with the [homes] share. OS is Ubuntu 12.04. I've installed samba 4.0.3, bind9 dlz, ntp, winbind, everything but pam modules, and did all the tests from https://wiki.samba.org/index.php/Samba_AD_DC_HOWTO. Running getent passwd and getent user work just fine. Creating a simple share works just fine too. I can manage the users, GPOs, and DNS from the windows mmc snap-ins. I can join winxp,7,8 to the domain and log on perfectly. I can change my passwords from windows, etc..etc.. I could say that everything is fine and be happy :) buuuut, no, home directories do not work. Searching in here, and on our good friend google I gathered that a simple [homes] read only = no path = /storage-server/users/ and mapping the user's home folder in dsa.msc to \\server-001\username or \\server-001\homes should get me a home share I could map for my user homedir. But the snap-in give me an error saying that it cannot create the home folder because the network name has not been found (rough translation from portuguese). also, running root@server-001:/storage-server/users# smbclient //server-001/test -Utest%'12345678' -c 'ls' Domain=[MYDOMAIN] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 4.0.3] tree connect failed: NT_STATUS_BAD_NETWORK_NAME Server name is alright, if I go for a simple share on the same server it opens just fine. If I map the user homedir to this simple share it works. What I want is that I dont have to go and manually make a new folder on linux everytime I create a new user on windows. It looks like permissions but I cant find any documentation on this (yes I've tried the manpages, but its hard to tell with so many options on man smb.conf alone). My smb.conf right now looks like this (pretty simple I know) # Global parameters [global] workgroup = MYDOMAIN realm = MYDOMAIN.LAN netbios name = SERVER-001 server role = active directory domain controller server services = s3fs, rpc, nbt, wrepl, ldap, cldap, kdc, drepl, winbind, ntp_signd, kcc, dnsupdate [netlogon] path = /usr/local/samba/var/locks/sysvol/mydomain.lan/scripts read only = No [sysvol] path = /usr/local/samba/var/locks/sysvol read only = No [homes] read only = no path = /storage-server/users Folder permissions /storage-server drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Fev 15 15:17 storage-server /storage-server/users drwxrwxrwx 6 root root 4096 Fev 18 17:05 users/ Yes, I was desperate enough to set 777 on the users folder... not proud of it. Any pointers in the right direction would be very welcome. Edited to include: root@server-001:/# wbinfo --user-info=test MYDOMAIN\test:*:3000045:100:test:/home/MYDOMAIN/test:/bin/false root@server-001:/# wbinfo -n test S-1-5-21-1957592451-3401938807-633234758-1128 SID_USER (1) root@server-001:/# id test uid=3000045(MYDOMAIN\test) gid=100(users) grupos=100(users) root@server-001:/# wbinfo -U 3000045 S-1-5-21-1957592451-3401938807-633234758-1128 root@server-001:/# Edit 2: getent passwd | grep test MYDOMAIN\test:*:3000045:100:test:/home/MYDOMAIN/test:/bin/false I have no idea how to change that home folder to /storage-server/users/test so I just went and ln -s /storage-server/users /home/MYDOMAIN just in case. still, no changes, same errors. Edit 3 On log.smbd I get the following error when trying to set the test user home folder to \server-001\test [2013/02/20 14:22:08.446658, 2] ../source3/smbd/service.c:418(create_connection_session_info) user 'MYDOMAIN\Administrator' (from session setup) not permitted to access this share (test)

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• Understanding NFS4 (Linux server)

  - by drumfire

  I've been a bit bothered by NFS4 on Linux. Some information 'out there' seems to conflict with other information, and other information appears hard to find. So here are a couple of things that caught my attention, hopefully someone out there can shed some light on this. This question focuses exclusively on NFS4 without Kerberos etc. 1. Exports There is ambiguous information in the exports manpage on the structure of /etc/exports. To quote from exports(5): Also, each line may have one or more specifications for default options after the path name, in the form of a dash ("-") followed by an option list. The option list is used for all subsequent exports on that line only. What does "subsequent exports on that line only" mean? 1.2 fsid=0 not required anymore? I was searching for fsid when I found a comment on the linux-nfs list stating fsid=0 is not required anymore. Now I'm just confused, do I need it with nfs4 or not?! 2. Non-exported directory still mountable Say I have the following tree: /exp /exp/users /exp/distr /exp/distr/archlinux /exp/distr/debian And I have the following entries in this fstab entry: /dev/disk/by-label/users /mnt/users ext4 defaults 0 0 /dev/disk/by-label/distr /mnt/distr ext4 defaults 0 0 /mnt/users /exp/users none bind 0 0 /mnt/distr /exp/distr none bind 0 0 And my exports is exactly this: /exp 192.168.1.0/24(fsid=0,rw,async,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash) /exp/distr 192.168.1.0/24(rw,async,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash) And exportfs -arv shows: exporting 192.168.1.0/24:/exp/distr exporting 192.168.1.0/24:/exp Then why am I able to do this and get no error on a client: mount -t nfs4 server:/exp/users /tmp/test Even though /exp/users is not exported? I didn't export this directory, and while I don't see the contents of /dev/disk/by-label/users unless I specify crossmnt, I am still able to write to the directory. Everything I write to there goes to the underlying directory of /exp/users which can be seen when I umount /exp/users; ls /exp/users.. 3. The odd case of showmount -d server As stated by rpc.mountd(8), this command should display directories that are either currently mounted by clients, or stale entries in /var/lib/nfs/rmtab, as can be read: The rpc.mountd daemon registers every successful MNT request by adding an entry to the /var/lib/nfs/rmtab file. When receivng a UMNT request from an NFS client, rpc.mountd simply removes the matching entry from /var/lib/nfs/rmtab, as long as the access control list for that export allows that sender to access the export. (...) Note, however, that there is little to guarantee that the contents of /var/lib/nfs/rmtab are accurate. A client may continue accessing an export even after invoking UMNT. If the client reboots without sending a UMNT request, stale entries remain for that client in /var/lib/nfs/rmtab. After reading this I surely wonder: Isn't it terribly insecure to just expose this type of client information; Aren't unaware server admins bound to have an rmtab with a lot of stale clients; Is this the reason that clients that mount nfs4 directories with mount -v get to see output like "nothing was mounted" even though something was mounted? I have a lot of other questions regarding nfs4, but I'll keep it at this for the moment.. :)

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• Openldap/Sasl/GSSAPI on Debian: Key table entry not found

  - by badbishop

  The goal: to make an OpenLDAP server to authenticate using Kerberos V via GSSAPI Setup: several virtual machines running on freshly installed/updated Debian Squeeze A master KDC server kdc.example.com A LDAP server, running OpenLDAP ldap.example.com The problem: tom@ldap:~$ ldapsearch -b 'dc=example,dc=com' SASL/GSSAPI authentication started ldap_sasl_interactive_bind_s: Other (e.g., implementation specific) error (80) additional info: SASL(-1): generic failure: GSSAPI Error: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information (Key table entry not found) One might suggest to add that bloody keytab entry, but here's the real problem: ktutil: rkt /etc/ldap/ldap.keytab ktutil: list slot KVNO Principal ---- ---- --------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 2 ldap/[email protected] 2 2 ldap/[email protected] 3 2 ldap/[email protected] 4 2 ldap/[email protected] So, the entry as suggested by the OpenLDAP manual is there allright. Deleting and re-creating both service principal and the keytab on ldap.example.com didn't help, I get the same error. And before I make the keytab file readable by openldap, I get "Permission denied" error instead of the one in the subject. Which implies, that the right keytab file is being accessed, as set in /etc/default/slapd. I have my doubts about the following part of slapd config: root@ldap:~# cat /etc/ldap/slapd.d/cn\=config.ldif | grep -v "^#" dn: cn=config objectClass: olcGlobal cn: config olcArgsFile: /var/run/slapd/slapd.args olcLogLevel: 256 olcPidFile: /var/run/slapd/slapd.pid olcToolThreads: 1 structuralObjectClass: olcGlobal entryUUID: d6737f5c-d321-1030-9dbe-27d2a7751e11 olcSaslHost: kdc.example.com olcSaslRealm: EXAMPLE.COM olcSaslSecProps: noplain,noactive,noanonymous,minssf=56 olcAuthzRegexp: {0}"uid=([^/]*),cn=EXAMPLE.COM,cn=GSSAPI,cn=auth" "uid=$1,ou=People,dc=example,dc=com" olcAuthzRegexp: {1}"uid=host/([^/]*).example.com,cn=example.com,cn=gssapi,cn=auth" "cn=$1,ou=hosts,dc=example,dc=com" A HOWTO at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/OpenLDAPServer#Kerberos_Authentication mentiones vaguely: Also, it is frequently necessary to map the Distinguished Name (DN) of an authorized Kerberos client to an existing entry in the DIT. I fail to understand where in the tree this should be defined, what schema should be used, etc. After hours of googling, it's official: I'm stuck! Please, help. Other things checked: Kerberos as such works fine (I can ssh without using a password to any machine in this setup). That means there should be no DNS-related problems. ldapsearch -b 'dc=example,dc=com' -x works OK. SASL/GSSAPI has been tested using sasl-sample-server -m GSSAPI -s ldap and sasl-sample-client -s ldap -n ldap.example.com -u tom without errors: root@ldap:~# sasl-sample-server -m GSSAPI -s ldap Forcing use of mechanism GSSAPI Sending list of 1 mechanism(s) S: R1NTQVBJ Waiting for client mechanism... C: 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 'GSSAPI' Sending response... S: YIGZBgkqhkiG9xIBAgICAG+BiTCBhqADAgEFoQMCAQ+iejB4oAMCARKicQRvkxggi9pW+yJ1ExbTwLDclqw/VQ98aPq8mt39hkO6PPfcO2cB+t6vJ01xRKBrT9D2qF2XK0SWD4PQNb5UFbH4RM/bKAxDuCfZ1MHKgIWTLu4bK7VGZTbYydcckU2d910jIdvkkHhaRqUEM4cqp/cR Waiting for client reply... C: got '' Sending response... S: BQQF/wAMAAAAAAAAMBOWqQcACAAlCodrXW66ZObsEd4= Waiting for client reply... C: BQQE/wAMAAAAAAAAFUYbXQQACAB0b20VynB4uGH/iIzoRhw=got '?' Negotiation complete Username: tom Realm: (NULL) SSF: 56 sending encrypted message 'srv message 1' S: AAAASgUEB/8AAAAAAAAAADATlqrqrBW0NRfPMXMdMz+zqY32YakrHqFps3o/vO6yDeyPSaSqprrhI+t7owk7iOsbrZ/idJRxCBm8Wazx Waiting for encrypted message... C: AAAATQUEBv8AAAAAAAAAABVGG17WC1+/kIV9xTMUdq6Y4qYmmTahHVCjidgGchTOOOrBLEwA9IqiTCdRFPVbK1EgJ34P/vxMQpV1v4WZpcztgot '' recieved decoded message 'client message 1' root@ldap:~# sasl-sample-client -s ldap -n ldap.example.com -u tom service=ldap Waiting for mechanism list from server... S: R1NTQVBJrecieved 6 byte message Choosing best mechanism from: GSSAPI returning OK: tom Using mechanism GSSAPI Preparing initial. Sending initial response... C: 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 Waiting for server reply... S: YIGZBgkqhkiG9xIBAgICAG+BiTCBhqADAgEFoQMCAQ+iejB4oAMCARKicQRvkxggi9pW+yJ1ExbTwLDclqw/VQ98aPq8mt39hkO6PPfcO2cB+t6vJ01xRKBrT9D2qF2XK0SWD4PQNb5UFbH4RM/bKAxDuCfZ1MHKgIWTLu4bK7VGZTbYydcckU2d910jIdvkkHhaRqUEM4cqp/cRrecieved 156 byte message C: Waiting for server reply... S: BQQF/wAMAAAAAAAAMBOWqQcACAAlCodrXW66ZObsEd4=recieved 32 byte message Sending response... C: BQQE/wAMAAAAAAAAFUYbXQQACAB0b20VynB4uGH/iIzoRhw= Negotiation complete Username: tom SSF: 56 Waiting for encoded message... S: AAAASgUEB/8AAAAAAAAAADATlqrqrBW0NRfPMXMdMz+zqY32YakrHqFps3o/vO6yDeyPSaSqprrhI+t7owk7iOsbrZ/idJRxCBm8Wazxrecieved 78 byte message recieved decoded message 'srv message 1' sending encrypted message 'client message 1' C: AAAATQUEBv8AAAAAAAAAABVGG17WC1+/kIV9xTMUdq6Y4qYmmTahHVCjidgGchTOOOrBLEwA9IqiTCdRFPVbK1EgJ34P/vxMQpV1v4WZpczt

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• Exchange 2003-Exchange 2010 post migration GAL/OAB problem

  - by user68726

  I am very new to Exchange so forgive my newbie-ness. I've exhausted Google trying to find a way to solve my problem so I'm hoping some of you gurus can shed some light on my next steps. Please forgive my bungling around through this. The problem I cannot download/update the Global Address List (GAL) and Offline Address Book (OAB) on my Outlook 2010 clients. I get: Task 'emailaddress' reported error (0x8004010F) : 'The operation failed. An object cannot be found.' ---- error. I'm using cached exchange mode, which if I turn off Outlook hangs completely from the moment I start it up. (Note I've replaced my actual email address with 'emailaddress') Background information I migrated mailboxes, public store, etc. from a Small Business Server 2003 with Exchange 2003 box to a Server 2008 R2 with Exchange 2010 based primarily on an experts exchange how to article. The exchange server is up and running as an internet facing exchange server with all of the roles necessary to send and receive mail and in that capacity is working fine. I "thought" I had successfully migrated everything from the SBS03 box, and due to huge amounts of errors in everything from AD to the Exchange install itself I removed the reference to the SBS03 server in adsiedit. I've still got access to the old SBS03 box, but as I said the number of errors in everything is preventing even the uninstall of Exchange (or the starting of the Exchange Information Store service), so I'm quite content to leave that box completely out of the picture while trying to solve my problem. After research I discovered this is most likely because I failed to run the “update-globaladdresslist” (or get / update) command from the Exchange shell before I removed the Exchange 2003 server from adsiedit (and the network). If I run the command now it gives me: WARNING: The recipient "domainname.com/Microsoft Exchange System Objects/Offline Address Book - first administrative group" is invalid and couldn't be updated. WARNING: The recipient "domainname.com/Microsoft Exchange System Objects/Schedule+ Free Busy Information – first administrative group" is invalid and couldn't be updated. WARNING: The recipient "domainname.com/Microsoft Exchange System Objects/ContainernameArchive" is invalid and couldn't be updated. WARNING: The recipient "domainname.com/Microsoft Exchange System Objects/ContainernameContacts" is invalid and couldn't be updated. (Note that I’ve replaced my domain with “domainname.com” and my organization name with “containername”) What I’ve tried I don’t want to use the old OAB, or GAL, I don’t care about either, our GAL and distribution lists needed to be organized anyway, so at this point I really just want to get rid of the old reference to the “first administrative group” and move on. I’ve tried to create a new GAL and tell Exchange 2010 to use that GAL instead of the old GAL, but I'm obviously missing some of the commands or something dumb I need to do to start over with a blank slate/GAL/OAB. I'm very tempted to completely delete the entire "first administrative group" tree from adsiedit and see if that gets rid of the ridiculous reference that no longer exists but I dont want to break something else. Commands run to try to create a new GAL and tell exch10 to use that GAL: New-globaladdresslist –name NAMEOFNEWGAL Set-globaladdresslist GUID –name NAMEOFNEWGAL This did nothing for me except now when I run get-globaladdresslist or with the | FL pipe I see two GALs listed, the “default global address list” and the “NAMEOFNEWGAL” that I created. After a little more research this morning it looks like you can't change/delete/remove the default address list, and the only way to do what I'm trying to do would be to maybe remove the default address list via adsiedit and recreate with a command something like new-GlobalAddressList -Name "Default Global Address List" -IncludedRecipients AllRecipients. This would be acceptable but I've searched and searched and can't find instructions or a breakdown of where exactly the default GAL lives in AD, and if I'd have to remove multiple child references/records. Of interest I'm getting an event ID 9337 in my application log OALGen did not find any recipients in address list \Global Address List. This offline address list will not be generated. -\NAMEOFMYOAB --------- on my Exchange 2010 box, which pretty much to me seems to confirm my suspicion that the empty GAL/OAB is what's causing the Outlook client 0x8004010F error. Help please!

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• Outlook 2013 keeps freezing, semi-consistently

  - by AviD

  I have an oddity of problem with my Outlook's stability. It seems to be freezing up, not at random intervals, but based on a seemingly strange combination of configurations. I have been trying many different combinations, I've even devolved to "Cargo-cult" debugging, since I have no clue what is causing this... Here is my set up - since I don't know for sure which settings are causing the lockup, I'll probably mention irrelevant things: (relatively) clean install of Windows 8 (on hyper-v, if that matters) Clean install of Outlook 2013, fully updated 3 accounts configured: Hotmail account configured with ActiveSync Gmail account Large-ish account (several GB) connected with IMAP Only a few folders are subscribed in IMAP Outlook is set to only display subscribed folders configured to keep messages permanently Google Apps account, connected with IMAP Small account connected with IMAP All folders IMAP subscribed Outlook is set to only display subscribed folders configured to keep messages permanently Several Send/Receive Groups configured, to try different configurations of enabling/disable/partial the different accounts - with different send times, from 60 minutes down to 5 minutes. The problem is that at certain points Outlook completely freezes up and I have to kill it. This is not consistent - there are some things that cause it immediately almost consistently, there are some times that it just happens by itself after some period of time (sometimes a few moments, sometimes a few hours; sometimes while using it, sometimes after I've been away from it for a few hours). I have searched all over, and there seem to be many with similar (apparently) problem, and found numerous "solutions" (some even more cargocultish than mine), but so far none of them worked. I've removed all the accounts, both all together and one at a time, and re-configured them - eventually it freezes up. I've tried uninstalling Outlook, cleaning it up completely - removing files, app settings, registry keys, etc - then reinstalling - eventually it freezes up. I've only enabled the Hotmail account, disabling (but not removing) the Google accounts - apparently this does not lock up. I've enabled the Hotmail and the Gmail accounts, leaving the Apps one disabled - it seems like it does not lock up. With all accounts enabled, it locks up almost immediately after doing a send/receive. With only the Apps account enabled, it seems to not lock up. With the Hotmail and the Apps accounts enabled (Gmail disabled), it seems like it locks up after a random amount of time. With Hotmail enabled, and Gmail and Apps both enabled but set to receive only custom folder downloading (not all subscribed folders) - sometimes it locks up right after a send/receive, sometimes it goes for hours without locking up, and sometimes it only locks up when I send an email. I've tried switching the ports for the Google accounts (SSL/465 vs TLS/587), though I have no idea if this should affect, but no real difference. In short, I honestly have no idea what is actually causing Outlook to lock up, I might be completely barking up the wrong tree. At this point I don't really know what else to try, I'm flipping switches at random here. I would like to have all 3 accounts enabled, ideally in several groups (e.g. pull down only important folders in a group with short interval, and all other folders in a longer interval) - obviously without freezing up at all. I've tried putting in all the important details, if there is anything else important to add please let me know. Another issue that occurred to me might also be connected - the Google accounts don't always synchronize properly, even after a send/receive or "update folder". At least not consistently... though I haven't been able to find a significant connection between this and that.

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