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  • How to Best Optimize up Model Transforms, Import 3DS Animations Into XNA 4.0?

    - by Jason R. Mick
    Relative beginner to XNA, but trying to build a multi-purpose (3D) game frameworking in XNA 4. Been using the Reed (O'Reilly) and Cawood/McGee (McGraw Hill) guides. My question is multi-faceted and involves how to most efficiently handle models. I'm using 3DS Max 2010 with kw-Xport to ship out my models as .X files. Solved an early problem by using my depth stencil state. My models are now loading properly (yay!) and I have basic bounding working, I just want to optimize transforming models and get animations working as a next step. My questions on models are: 1. Do you have any suggestions for good resources on exporting 3DS animations to XNA? I've seen some resources on how to handle animations in XNA, but most skimp on basic topics of how to convert multi-animation 3DS files. For example how do I take one big long string of keyframed animations (say running, frame 5-20, climbing frames 25-45, etc.) and turned them into named XNA animations. To my understanding every XNA animation has to have a name, but I haven't seen any tutorials on creating a new named animation from a subset of frames. 2. Is it faster to load a model once and animate/transform that base model on the fly @ draw time, or to load multiple models? My game will have multiple enemies, and I've already seen some lagginess in XNA, so II want to make my code efficient... 3. I've heard people on app hub talking about making custom content processors for models-- what is the benefit of this? Does it speed up transforming or animating the models? If so, can you point me towards any good (model-centric) tutorials? (I've built a custom height map content processor to generate terrain, following Cawood's examples, I'm just a bit confused as to how a model content processor would be implemented.)

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  • How do I detect and handle collisions using a tile property with Slick2D?

    - by oracleCreeper
    I am trying to set up collision detection in Slick2D based on a tilemap. I currently have two layers on the maps I'm using, a background layer, and a collision layer. The collision layer has a tile with a 'blocked' property, painted over the areas the player can't walk on. I have looked through the Slick documentation, but do not understand how to read a tile property and use it as a flag for collision detection. My method of 'moving' the player is somewhat different, and might affect how collisions are handled. Instead of updating the player's location on the window, the player always stays in the same spot, updating the x and y the map is rendered at. I am working on collisions with objects by restricting the player's movement when its hitbox intersects an object's hitbox. The code for the player hitting the right side of an object, for example, would look like this: if(Player.bounds.intersects(object.bounds)&&(Player.x<=(object.x+object.width+0.5))&&Player.isMovingLeft){ isInCollision=true; level.moveMapRight(); } else if(Player.bounds.intersects(object.bounds)&&(Player.x<=(object.x+object.width+0.5))&&Player.isMovingRight){ isInCollision=true; level.moveMapRight(); } else if(Player.bounds.intersects(object.bounds)&&(Player.x<=(object.x+object.width+0.5))&&Player.isMovingUp){ isInCollision=true; level.moveMapRight(); } else if(Player.bounds.intersects(object.bounds)&&(Player.x<=(object.x+object.width+0.5))&&Player.isMovingDown){ isInCollision=true; level.moveMapRight(); } and in the level's update code: if(!Player.isInCollision) Player.manageMovementInput(map, i); However, this method still has some errors. For example, when hitting the object from the right, the player will move up and to the left, clipping through the object and becoming stuck inside its hitbox. If there is a more effective way of handling this, any advice would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Where is it permissible to add logging code in a MVC model?

    - by BDotA
    Working on a C# WinForms program that is written in a MVC ( actually Model-View-Presenter) style and I want to add a few lines of code that is responsible for logging some events. Where should I write two or three lines of code that I need? Should I write it in the Presenter section? To get an idea, here is some lines of sample code that already exists in the Save() metohd in Company.MyApplication.Presenter.MyPresenter.cs class: he has written codes lie the following in this part of presenter: private void Save(Helper.SaveStatusEnum status) { if (notification.CheckLocks(orderIdCollection)) { using (new HourglassController()) { controller.FireActiveCellLeaving(); ViewDocumentedValues(); int result = saveController.Save(status); if (result == Helper.SAVE_SUCCESSFUL) { // IS IT OK TO WRITE MY COUPLE LINES OF CODE IN HERE??????????? model.Dirty = false; if ((model.CurrentStatus == Helper.OrderStatusEnum.Complete) || (model.CurrentStatus == Helper.OrderStatusEnum.Corrected)) { controller.EnableDisableSheet(false); } CheckApplicationState(); SheetHelper.ClearUnsavedDataRowImage(view.ActiveSheet); } else { MessageBox.Show("An unexpected error occuring trying to save."); } } } }

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  • How do I keep a 3D model on the screen in OpenGL?

    - by NoobScratcher
    I'm trying to keep a 3D model on the screen by placing my glDrawElement functions inside the draw function with the declarations at the top of .cpp. When I render the model, the model attaches it self to the current vertex buffer object. This is because my whole graphical user interface is in 2D quads except the window frame. Is there a way to avoid this from happening? or any common causes of this? Creating the file object: int index = IndexAssigner(1, 1); //make a fileobject and store list and the index of that list in a c string ifstream file (list[index].c_str() ); //Make another string //string line; points.push_back(Point()); Point p; int face[4]; Model rendering code: int numfloats = 4; float* point=reinterpret_cast<float*>(&points[0]); int num_bytes=numfloats*sizeof(float); cout << "Size Of Point" << sizeof(Point) << endl; GLuint vertexbuffer; glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao[3]); glGenBuffers(1, &vertexbuffer); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexbuffer); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, points.size()*sizeof(points), points.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW); glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, num_bytes, &points[0]); glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glVertexPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, points.size(), &points[0]); glEnableClientState(GL_INDEX_ARRAY); glIndexPointer(GL_FLOAT, faces.size(), faces.data()); glEnableVertexAttribArray(0); glDrawElements(GL_QUADS, points.size(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, points.data()); glDrawElements(GL_QUADS, faces.size(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, faces.data());

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  • How can I render a semi transparent model with OpenGL correctly?

    - by phobitor
    I'm using OpenGL ES 2 and I want to render a simple model with some level of transparency. I'm just starting out with shaders, and I wrote a simple diffuse shader for the model without any issues but I don't know how to add transparency to it. I tried to set my fragment shader's output (gl_FragColor) to a non opaque alpha value but the results weren't too great. It sort of works, but it looks like certain model triangles are only rendered based on the camera position... It's really hard to describe what's wrong so please watch this short video I recorded: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s0JqA0rZabE I thought this was a depth testing issue so I tried playing around with enabling/disabling depth testing and back face culling. Enabling back face culling changes the output slightly but the problem in the video is still there. Enabling/disabling depth testing doesn't seem to do anything. Could anyone explain what I'm seeing and how I can add some simple transparency to my model with the shader? I'm not looking for advanced order independent transparency implementations. edit: Vertex Shader: // color varying for fragment shader varying mediump vec3 LightIntensity; varying highp vec3 VertexInModelSpace; void main() { // vec4 LightPosition = vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0); vec3 LightColor = vec3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0); vec3 DiffuseColor = vec3(1.0, 0.25, 0.0); // find the vector from the given vertex to the light source vec4 vertexInWorldSpace = gl_ModelViewMatrix * vec4(gl_Vertex); vec3 normalInWorldSpace = normalize(gl_NormalMatrix * gl_Normal); vec3 lightDirn = normalize(vec3(LightPosition-vertexInWorldSpace)); // save vertexInWorldSpace VertexInModelSpace = vec3(gl_Vertex); // calculate light intensity LightIntensity = LightColor * DiffuseColor * max(dot(lightDirn,normalInWorldSpace),0.0); // calculate projected vertex position gl_Position = gl_ModelViewProjectionMatrix * gl_Vertex; } Fragment Shader: // varying to define color varying vec3 LightIntensity; varying vec3 VertexInModelSpace; void main() { gl_FragColor = vec4(LightIntensity,0.5); }

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  • Creating Array of settings names and values using ADO.NET Entities

    - by jordan.baucke
    I'm using an ADO.NET Entities (.edmx) data-model along with MVC2 to build an application. I have a DB table where I want to store settings for method that run elsewhere. MVC2 allows me to create a view, editor, etc. to update this table which is great, but now when I want to do simple assignments based on column titles I'm a bit confused. For example, I would like to easily build an array that I could offset into the record's value based on it's "Title" Column: var entities = new ManagerEntities(); Setting[] settings = entities.settings.ToArray(); This returns something like: Settings[0].[SettingTitle][SettingValue] However, I would like to more easily index into the value than having to loop through all the returned settings, when they're already index. string URL_ID_NEED = [NeededUrl][http://www.url.com] Am I missing something relatively simple? Thanks! ========================= *Update* ========================= Ok, I think I've got a solution, but I'm wondering why this would be so complicated, and if I'm just not thinking of the right context for ADO.NET objects, here's what I did: public string GetSetting(string SettingName) { var entities = new LabelManagerEntities(); IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<string, object>> entityKeyValues = new KeyValuePair<string, object>[] { new KeyValuePair<string, object>("SettingTitle", SettingName) }; EntityKey key = new EntityKey("LabelManagerEntities.Settings", entityKeyValues); // Get the object from the context or the persisted store by its key. Setting settingvalue = (Setting)entities.GetObjectByKey(key); return settingvalue.SettingValue.ToString(); } This method handles the job of querying the Entities by "Key" to get back the correct value as a returned string (which I can than strip out the " ", or or cast to an integer, etc. etc.,) Am I just duplicating functionality that already exists in ADO.NET's design patterns (I'm pretty new to it) -- or is this a reasonable solution?

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  • XAML Binding to complex value objects

    - by Gus
    I have a complex value object class that has 1) a number or read-only properties; 2) a private constructor; and 3) a number of static singleton instance properties [so the properties of a ComplexValueObject never change and an individual value is instantiated once in the application's lifecycle]. public class ComplexValueClass { /* A number of read only properties */ private readonly string _propertyOne; public string PropertyOne { get { return _propertyOne; } } private readonly string _propertyTwo; public string PropertyTwo { get { return _propertyTwo; } } /* a private constructor */ private ComplexValueClass(string propertyOne, string propertyTwo) { _propertyOne = propertyOne; _propertyTwo = PropertyTwo; } /* a number of singleton instances */ private static ComplexValueClass _complexValueObjectOne; public static ComplexValueClass ComplexValueObjectOne { get { if (_complexValueObjectOne == null) { _complexValueObjectOne = new ComplexValueClass("string one", "string two"); } return _complexValueObjectOne; } } private static ComplexValueClass _complexValueObjectTwo; public static ComplexValueClass ComplexValueObjectTwo { get { if (_complexValueObjectTwo == null) { _complexValueObjectTwo = new ComplexValueClass("string three", "string four"); } return _complexValueObjectTwo; } } } I have a data context class that looks something like this: public class DataContextClass : INotifyPropertyChanged { private ComplexValueClass _complexValueClass; public ComplexValueClass ComplexValueObject { get { return _complexValueClass; } set { _complexValueClass = value; PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("ComplexValueObject")); } } } I would like to write a XAML binding statement to a property on my complex value object that updates the UI whenever the entire complex value object changes. What is the best and/or most concise way of doing this? I have something like: <Object Value="{Binding ComplexValueObject.PropertyOne}" /> but the UI does not update when ComplexValueObject as a whole changes.

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  • Which book should I choose?

    - by sebastianlarsson
    Hi guys, I'm looking for a good read on object oriented design. The two books I'm currently looking Head First Design Patterns and Head First Object object-oriented analysis & design. They seem very similar when looking at the contents and browsing through available sample text. Which one would be the best choice? About myself: I have a bachelor in computer science and I am currently studying Msc. Software Quality Engineering (read Software Engineering with focus on Quality). I am already confident in object-oriented design and have a lot of programming courses in my backpack. I have done games in c++, courses in advanced java programming (I am SCJP certified), but my preferred language is C#. I have also worked with Java for the last 7 months while studying. I am currently also studying for certificates in C# (apart from my usual studies). So I believe I have the prerequisites of actually understanding the contents of both books. Reason: I just want to be better and keep evolving as a programmer. I think it is fun. I believe Bert Bates and Kathy Sierra are involved in both these books and I have previously read their SCJP preparation book in java. I really do enjoy their style of writing. Other books which I am considering are: Clean Code: A Handbook Of Agile Software Craftsmanship Thx in advance Sebastian

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  • JPA - Entity design problem

    - by Yatendra Goel
    I am developing a Java Desktop Application and using JPA for persistence. I have a problem mentioned below: I have two entities: Country City Country has the following attribute: CountryName (PK) City has the following attribute: CityName Now as there can be two cities with same name in two different countries, the primaryKey for City table in the datbase is a composite primary key composed of CityName and CountryName. Now my question is How to implement the primary key of the City as an Entity in Java @Entity public class Country implements Serializable { private String countryName; @Id public String getCountryName() { return this.countryName; } } @Entity public class City implements Serializable { private CityPK cityPK; private Country country; @EmbeddedId public CityPK getCityPK() { return this.cityPK; } } @Embeddable public class CityPK implements Serializable { public String cityName; public String countryName; } Now as we know that the relationship from Country to City is OneToMany and to show this relationship in the above code, I have added a country variable in City class. But then we have duplicate data(countryName) stored in two places in the City class: one in the country object and other in the cityPK object. But on the other hand, both are necessary: countryName in cityPK object is necessary because we implement composite primary keys in this way. countryName in country object is necessary because it is the standard way of showing relashionship between objects. How to get around this problem?

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  • Are document-oriented databases any more suitable than relational ones for persisting objects?

    - by Owen Fraser-Green
    In terms of database usage, the last decade was the age of the ORM with hundreds competing to persist our object graphs in plain old-fashioned RMDBS. Now we seem to be witnessing the coming of age of document-oriented databases. These databases are highly optimized for schema-free documents but are also very attractive for their ability to scale out and query a cluster in parallel. Document-oriented databases also hold a couple of advantages over RDBMS's for persisting data models in object-oriented designs. As the tables are schema-free, one can store objects belonging to different classes in an inheritance hierarchy side-by-side. Also, as the domain model changes, so long as the code can cope with getting back objects from an old version of the domain classes, one can avoid having to migrate the whole database at every change. On the other hand, the performance benefits of document-oriented databases mainly appear to come about when storing deeper documents. In object-oriented terms, classes which are composed of other classes, for example, a blog post and its comments. In most of the examples of this I can come up with though, such as the blog one, the gain in read access would appear to be offset by the penalty in having to write the whole blog post "document" every time a new comment is added. It looks to me as though document-oriented databases can bring significant benefits to object-oriented systems if one takes extreme care to organize the objects in deep graphs optimized for the way the data will be read and written but this means knowing the use cases up front. In the real world, we often don't know until we actually have a live implementation we can profile. So is the case of relational vs. document-oriented databases one of swings and roundabouts? I'm interested in people's opinions and advice, in particular if anyone has built any significant applications on a document-oriented database.

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  • Find and replace certain part of value (jquery)

    - by Hakan
    This might be a little complicated. See code below. When image is clicked I want to change "MY-ID-NUMBER" in "value" and "src" of object. But I want the other information to remain. When link is clicked I want to restore "value" and "src" so I can use the same function for next image that is clicked. Is it possible? Please help! My HTML: <img height="186" width="134" alt="4988" src="i123.jpg"> <img height="186" width="134" alt="4567" src="i124.jpg"> <a class="restore-to-default" href="#">DVD</a> <div class="tdt"> <object width="960" height="540"><param name="movie" value="http://www.domain.com/v3.4/player.swf?file=http://se.player-feed.domain.com/cinema/MY-ID-NUMBER/123-1/><param name="wmode" value="transparent" /><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /><embed id="player" name="player" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" src="http://www.player.domain.com/v3.4/player.swf?file=http://se.player-feed.domain.com/cinema/MY-ID-NUMBER/123-1/&display_title=over&menu=true&enable_link=true&default_quality=xxlarge&controlbar=over&autostart=true&backcolor=000000&frontcolor=ffffff&share=0&repeat=always&displayclick=play&volume=80&linktarget=_blank" width="960" height="540"allowFullScreen="true" allowScriptAccess="always"></embed></object> My jquery: $('img').click(function(){ var alt = $(this).attr("alt"); $('.tdt object').val("alt", alt); // Some how change "MY-ID-NUMBER" into the "alt-value" of image }); $('a').click(function(){ //restore to "MY-ID-NUMBER" }); Thanks!

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  • Bad idea to have the same object, have a different side effect after method call.

    - by Nathan W
    Hi all, I'm having a bit of a gesign issue(again). Say I have this Buttonpad object: now this object is a wrapper object over one in a com object. At the moment it has a method on it called CreateInto(IComObject). Now to make a new button pad in the Com Object. You do: ButtonPad pad = new ButtonPad(); pad.Title = "Hello"; // Set some more properties. pad.CreateInto(Cominstance); The createinfo method will excute the right commands to buid the button pad in the com object. After it has been created it any calls against it are foward to the underlying object for change so: pad.Title = "New title"; will call the com object to set the title and also set the internal title variable. Basically any calls before the CreateInfo method only affect the .NET object anything after has the side effect of calling the com object also. I'm not very good at sequence diagrams but here is my attempt to explain whats going on: This doesn't feel good to me, it feels like I'm lying to the user about what the button pad does. I was going to have a object called WrappedButtonPad, which is returned from CreateInto and the user could make calls against that to make changes to the Com Object, but I feel having two objects that almost do the same thing but only differ by names might be even worse. Are these valid designs, or am I right to be worried? How else would you handle a object the can create and query a com object?

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  • Concrete examples of state sharing between multiple viewmodels (WPF MVVM)

    - by JohnMetta
    I have a WPF/Entity Framework (4.0) project with many objects. I'd like to build the application so that that I can have object selection state shared across viewmodels. For Example: We have Cars, Drivers, Passengers, and Cargo classes. We also have UserControls for CarList, DriverList, etc. and editor windows for CarEditor, DriverEditor, etc. Furthermore, we have viewmodels for all of these (CarListViewModel, DriverListViewModel, CargoEditorViewModel, etc). This all composes a dockable interface where the user can have multiple object lists, editors, and viewers open. What I want is a concrete code example of how to wireup multiple viewmodels so that selecting a car in the CarList will cause that car to go live in the CarEditorView, but also be selected in any other view for which the context is valid (such as a DriverByCarView- or just DriverList if there is a filter predicate). There are a number of suggestions and discussions based on this question. The two methods that seem to dominate are: 3018307: Discusses state sharing by mentioning a messaging subsystem 1159035: Discusses state sharing by using an enclosing viewmodel Is one of these approaches better than the other? Does anyone have a concrete example of either/both of these methods in the form of a write-up or small code project? I'm still learning WPF, so pointers to entry points for reading API fundamentals are appreciated, but looking at code examples is where I usually go. Thanks In case anyone is interested, here are some other similar discussions: 3816961: Discusses returning multiple viewmodels depending on object type (i.e. a collection of arbitrary types adhering to a specific interface) 1928130: Discusses whether it is a good idea to aggregate viewmodels as properties of other viewmodels (e.g. a MainWindow viewmodel composed of panel viewmodels) 1120061: Essentially discusses whether to have use a viewmodel-per-model strategy or a viewmodel-per-view-element strategy. 4244222: Discusses whether or not to nest the viewmodels when using a nested object hierarchy. 4429708: Discusses sharing collections between viewmodels directly, but doesn't go into detail. List item: Discusses managing multiple selections within a single viewmodel.

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  • 2 bucks for !! java basic question

    - by Max
    How can I get a specific value from an object? I'm trying to get a value of an instance for eg. ListOfPpl newListOfPpl = new ListOfPpl(id, name, age); Object item = newListOfPpl; How can I get a value of name from an Object item?? Even if it is easy or does not interest you can anyone help me?? Edited: I was trying to build a binary tree contains the node of ListOfPpl, and need to sort it in the lexicographic. Here's my code for insertion on the node. Any clue?? public void insert(Object item){ Node current = root; Node follow = null; if(!isEmpty()){ root = new Node(item, null, null); return; }boolean left = false, right = false; while(current != null){ follow = current; left = false; right = false; //I need to compare and sort it if(item.compareTo(current.getFighter()) < 0){ current = current.getLeft(); left = true; }else { current = current.getRight(); right = true; } }if(left) follow.setLeft(new Node(item, null, null)); else follow.setRight(new Node(item, null, null)); }

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  • What else I must do allow my method to handle any type of objects

    - by NewHelpNeeder
    So to allow any type object I must use generics in my code. I have rewrote this method to do so, but then when I create an object, for example Milk, it won't let me pass it to my method. Ether there's something wrong with my generic revision, or Milk object I created is not good. How should I pass my object correctly and add it to linked list? This is a method that causes error when I insert an item: public void insertFirst(T dd) // insert at front of list { Link newLink = new Link(dd); // make new link if( isEmpty() ) // if empty list, last = newLink; // newLink <-- last else first.previous = newLink; // newLink <-- old first newLink.next = first; // newLink --> old first first = newLink; // first --> newLink } This is my class I try to insert into linked list: class Milk { String brand; double size; double price; Milk(String a, double b, double c) { brand = a; size = b; price = c; } } This is test method to insert the data: public static void main(String[] args) { // make a new list DoublyLinkedList theList = new DoublyLinkedList(); // this causes: // The method insertFirst(Comparable) in the type DoublyLinkedList is not applicable for the arguments (Milk) theList.insertFirst(new Milk("brand", 1, 2)); // insert at front theList.displayForward(); // display list forward theList.displayBackward(); // display list backward } // end main() } // end class DoublyLinkedApp Declarations: class Link<T extends Comparable<T>> {} class DoublyLinkedList<T extends Comparable<T>> {}

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  • Which technology should I use to pop up a simple form in my add-in DLL?

    - by Decker
    I'm building an assembly that runs as an "add-on" to a vendor's Outlook add-in. When it is time for me to execute my "action", I have to put up a simple window with a few simple controls. The vendor's add-in provides me with the parent window's integer handle. I am able to put up a form pretty easily with WinForms by adding are reference to System.Windows.Forms from my assembly and with the following code: FrmHistoryDisplay frm = new FrmHistoryDisplay(); frm.ShowDialog(new ParentWindowWrapper(_parentWindowHandle)); where ParentWindowWrapper is a shim class around the window handle I'm given private class ParentWindowWrapper : IWin32Window { private int _parentWindowHandle; public ParentWindowWrapper(int parentWindowHandle) { _parentWindowHandle = parentWindowHandle; } public IntPtr Handle { get { return new IntPtr(_parentWindowHandle); } } } The Form's ShowDialog method takes an IWin32Window implementor to wrap the parent's window handle. This all works and seems simple enough. I was just wondering whether something similar can be done with a WPF window rather than a WinForm Form? Should I care?

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  • How accurate is "Business logic should be in a service, not in a model"?

    - by Jeroen Vannevel
    Situation Earlier this evening I gave an answer to a question on StackOverflow. The question: Editing of an existing object should be done in repository layer or in service? For example if I have a User that has debt. I want to change his debt. Should I do it in UserRepository or in service for example BuyingService by getting an object, editing it and saving it ? My answer: You should leave the responsibility of mutating an object to that same object and use the repository to retrieve this object. Example situation: class User { private int debt; // debt in cents private string name; // getters public void makePayment(int cents){ debt -= cents; } } class UserRepository { public User GetUserByName(string name){ // Get appropriate user from database } } A comment I received: Business logic should really be in a service. Not in a model. What does the internet say? So, this got me searching since I've never really (consciously) used a service layer. I started reading up on the Service Layer pattern and the Unit Of Work pattern but so far I can't say I'm convinced a service layer has to be used. Take for example this article by Martin Fowler on the anti-pattern of an Anemic Domain Model: There are objects, many named after the nouns in the domain space, and these objects are connected with the rich relationships and structure that true domain models have. The catch comes when you look at the behavior, and you realize that there is hardly any behavior on these objects, making them little more than bags of getters and setters. Indeed often these models come with design rules that say that you are not to put any domain logic in the the domain objects. Instead there are a set of service objects which capture all the domain logic. These services live on top of the domain model and use the domain model for data. (...) The logic that should be in a domain object is domain logic - validations, calculations, business rules - whatever you like to call it. To me, this seemed exactly what the situation was about: I advocated the manipulation of an object's data by introducing methods inside that class that do just that. However I realize that this should be a given either way, and it probably has more to do with how these methods are invoked (using a repository). I also had the feeling that in that article (see below), a Service Layer is more considered as a façade that delegates work to the underlying model, than an actual work-intensive layer. Application Layer [his name for Service Layer]: Defines the jobs the software is supposed to do and directs the expressive domain objects to work out problems. The tasks this layer is responsible for are meaningful to the business or necessary for interaction with the application layers of other systems. This layer is kept thin. It does not contain business rules or knowledge, but only coordinates tasks and delegates work to collaborations of domain objects in the next layer down. It does not have state reflecting the business situation, but it can have state that reflects the progress of a task for the user or the program. Which is reinforced here: Service interfaces. Services expose a service interface to which all inbound messages are sent. You can think of a service interface as a façade that exposes the business logic implemented in the application (typically, logic in the business layer) to potential consumers. And here: The service layer should be devoid of any application or business logic and should focus primarily on a few concerns. It should wrap Business Layer calls, translate your Domain in a common language that your clients can understand, and handle the communication medium between server and requesting client. This is a serious contrast to other resources that talk about the Service Layer: The service layer should consist of classes with methods that are units of work with actions that belong in the same transaction. Or the second answer to a question I've already linked: At some point, your application will want some business logic. Also, you might want to validate the input to make sure that there isn't something evil or nonperforming being requested. This logic belongs in your service layer. "Solution"? Following the guidelines in this answer, I came up with the following approach that uses a Service Layer: class UserController : Controller { private UserService _userService; public UserController(UserService userService){ _userService = userService; } public ActionResult MakeHimPay(string username, int amount) { _userService.MakeHimPay(username, amount); return RedirectToAction("ShowUserOverview"); } public ActionResult ShowUserOverview() { return View(); } } class UserService { private IUserRepository _userRepository; public UserService(IUserRepository userRepository) { _userRepository = userRepository; } public void MakeHimPay(username, amount) { _userRepository.GetUserByName(username).makePayment(amount); } } class UserRepository { public User GetUserByName(string name){ // Get appropriate user from database } } class User { private int debt; // debt in cents private string name; // getters public void makePayment(int cents){ debt -= cents; } } Conclusion All together not much has changed here: code from the controller has moved to the service layer (which is a good thing, so there is an upside to this approach). However this doesn't look like it had anything to do with my original answer. I realize design patterns are guidelines, not rules set in stone to be implemented whenever possible. Yet I have not found a definitive explanation of the service layer and how it should be regarded. Is it a means to simply extract logic from the controller and put it inside a service instead? Is it supposed to form a contract between the controller and the domain? Should there be a layer between the domain and the service layer? And, last but not least: following the original comment Business logic should really be in a service. Not in a model. Is this correct? How would I introduce my business logic in a service instead of the model?

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  • LitJSON's JsonMapper.ToJson error: Max allowed object depth reached while trying to export from type

    - by dev.e.loper
    I have an object that I would like to convert to json inside one of the object's methods. I'm using LitJson library. Like so: protected override void Render(HtmlTextWriter writer) { ... writer.AddAttribute(HtmlTextWriterAttribute.Value, JsonMapper.ToJson(this)); .... } However JsonMapper.ToJson(this) produces a server error "Max allowed object depth reached while trying to export from type System.Drawing.Color". My guess is that because its trying to convert an object inside itself its going into some kind of infinite loop. Just curious what is actually happening.

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  • How to convert a DataSet object into an ObjectContext (Entity Framework) object on the fly?

    - by Marcel
    Hi all, I have an existing SQL Server database, where I store data from large specific log files (often 100 MB and more), one per database. After some analysis, the database is deleted again. From the database, I have created both a Entity Framework Model and a DataSet Model via the Visual Studio designers. The DataSet is only for bulk importing data with SqlBulkCopy, after a quite complicated parsing process. All queries are then done using the Entity Framework Model, whose CreateQuery Method is exposed via an interface like this public IQueryable<TTarget> GetResults<TTarget>() where TTarget : EntityObject, new() { return this.Context.CreateQuery<TTarget>(typeof(TTarget).Name); } Now, sometimes my files are very small and in such a case I would like to omit the import into the database, but just have a an in-memory representation of the data, accessible as Entities. The idea is to create the DataSet, but instead of bulk importing, to directly transfer it into an ObjectContext which is accessible via the interface. Does this make sense? Now here's what I have done for this conversion so far: I traverse all tables in the DataSet, convert the single rows into entities of the corresponding type and add them to instantiated object of my typed Entity context class, like so MyEntities context = new MyEntities(); //create new in-memory context ///.... //get the item in the navigations table MyDataSet.NavigationResultRow dataRow = ds.NavigationResult.First(); //here, a foreach would be necessary in a true-world scenario NavigationResult entity = new NavigationResult { Direction = dataRow.Direction, ///... NavigationResultID = dataRow.NavigationResultID }; //convert to entities context.AddToNavigationResult(entity); //add to entities ///.... A very tedious work, as I would need to create a converter for each of my entity type and iterate over each table in the DataSet I have. Beware, if I ever change my database model.... Also, I have found out, that I can only instantiate MyEntities, if I provide a valid connection string to a SQL Server database. Since I do not want to actually write to my fully fledged database each time, this hinders my intentions. I intend to have only some in-memory proxy database. Can I do simpler? Is there some automated way of doing such a conversion, like generating an ObjectContext out of a DataSet object? P.S: I have seen a few questions about unit testing that seem somewhat related, but not quite exact.

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  • Error converting JSON to .Net object in asp.net

    - by Vinni
    Hello Guys, I am unable to convert JSON string to .net object in asp.net. I am sending JSON string from client to server using hidden field (by keeping the JSON object.Tostring() in hidden field and reading the hidden field value in code behind file) Json string/ Object: [[{"OfferId":"1","OrderValue":"11","HostingTypeID":"3"}, {"OfferId":"1","OrderValue":"11","HostingTypeID":"3"}, {"OfferId":"1","OrderValue":"11","HostingTypeID":"3"}, {"OfferId":"1","OrderValue":"2","HostingTypeID":"3"}, {"OfferId":"1","OrderValue":"2","HostingTypeID":"3"}, {"OfferId":"1","OrderValue":"67","HostingTypeID":"3"}, {"OfferId":"1","OrderValue":"67","HostingTypeID":"3"}], [{"OfferId":"1","OrderValue":"99","HostingTypeID":"6"}], [{"OfferId":"1","OrderValue":"10","HostingTypeID":"8"}]] .Net Object public class JsonFeaturedOffer { public string OfferId { get; set; } public string OrderValue { get; set; } public string HostingTypeID { get; set; } } Converstion code in code behind file byte[] byteArray = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(HdnJsonData.Value); MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(byteArray); DataContractJsonSerializer serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(JsonFeaturedOffer)); object result= serializer.ReadObject(stream); JsonFeaturedOffer jsonObj = result as JsonFeaturedOffer; While converting i am getting following error: Expecting element 'root' from namespace ''.. Encountered 'None' with name '', namespace ''.

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  • rspec & rails 3 cannot find model object

    - by Ceilingfish
    I'm trying to put some specs around a new rails 3 project I am working on, and my first test doesn't seem to be able to find a model. I've installed rspec from the command line using: sudo gem install rspec --pre and then I put the following in my Gemfile gem "rspec-rails", ">= 2.0.0.beta.1" But when I run my test I get ./spec/models/world_spec.rb:1: uninitialized constant World (NameError) rake aborted! Command /opt/local/bin/ruby -Ilib -Ispec "./spec/models/world_spec.rb" failed /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.0.0.beta.4/lib/rspec/core/rake_task.rb:71:in `define' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:1112:in `verbose' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.0.0.beta.4/lib/rspec/core/rake_task.rb:57:in `send' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.0.0.beta.4/lib/rspec/core/rake_task.rb:57:in `define' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:636:in `call' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:636:in `execute' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:631:in `each' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:631:in `execute' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:597:in `invoke_with_call_chain' /opt/local/lib/ruby/1.8/monitor.rb:242:in `synchronize' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:590:in `invoke_with_call_chain' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:583:in `invoke' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2051:in `invoke_task' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2029:in `top_level' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2029:in `each' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2029:in `top_level' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2068:in `standard_exception_handling' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2023:in `top_level' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2001:in `run' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2068:in `standard_exception_handling' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:1998:in `run' /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/bin/rake:31 /opt/local/bin/rake:19:in `load' /opt/local/bin/rake:19 My spec is in spec/models/world_spec.rb, and looks like describe World, "#hello" do it "should be invalid" do World.new.should be_invalid? end end I tried adding a line like require "app/model/world" and require "world" but to no success. Does anyone know what I'm doing wrong?

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  • Reattaching an object graph to an EntityContext: "cannot track multiple objects with the same key"

    - by dkr88
    Can EF really be this bad? Maybe... Let's say I have a fully loaded, disconnected object graph that looks like this: myReport = {Report} {ReportEdit {User: "JohnDoe"}} {ReportEdit {User: "JohnDoe"}} Basically a report with 2 edits that were done by the same user. And then I do this: EntityContext.Attach(myReport); InvalidOperationException: An object with the same key already exists in the ObjectStateManager. The ObjectStateManager cannot track multiple objects with the same key. Why? Because the EF is trying to attach the {User: "JohnDoe"} entity TWICE. This will work: myReport = {Report} {ReportEdit {User: "JohnDoe"}} EntityContext.Attach(myReport); No problems here because the {User: "JohnDoe"} entity only appears in the object graph once. What's more, since you can't control how the EF attaches an entity, there is no way to stop it from attaching the entire object graph. So really if you want to reattach a complex entity that contains more than one reference to the same entity... well, good luck. At least that's how it looks to me. Any comments? UPDATE: Added sample code: // Load the report Report theReport; using (var context1 = new TestEntities()) { context1.Reports.MergeOption = MergeOption.NoTracking; theReport = (from r in context1.Reports.Include("ReportEdits.User") where r.Id == reportId select r).First(); } // theReport looks like this: // {Report[Id=1]} // {ReportEdit[Id=1] {User[Id=1,Name="John Doe"]} // {ReportEdit[Id=2] {User[Id=1,Name="John Doe"]} // Try to re-attach the report object graph using (var context2 = new TestEntities()) { context2.Attach(theReport); // InvalidOperationException }

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  • C# How to add an entry to LDAP with multiple object classes

    - by Jarmo
    I'm trying to create a new user record into OpenLDAP with object classes person and uidObject. The problem seems to be that with System.DirectoryServices.DirectoryEntry I've found only a way to add a new entry with one object class, but not a way to add multiple object classes. This C# code DirectoryEntry nRoot = new DirectoryEntry(path); nRoot.AuthenticationType = AuthenticationTypes.None; nRoot.Username = username; nRoot.Password = pwd; try { DirectoryEntry newUser = nRoot.Children.Add("CN=" + "test", "person"); newUser.Properties["cn"].Add("test"); newUser.Properties["sn"].Add("test"); newUser.Properties["objectClass"].Add("uidObject"); // this doesnt't make a difference newUser.Properties["uid"].Add("testlogin"); // this causes trouble newUser.CommitChanges(); } catch (COMException ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.ErrorCode + "\t" + ex.Message); } ...results in error: -2147016684 The requested operation did not satisfy one or more constraints associated with the class of the object. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80072014)

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