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  • Global variables in Python

    - by rejinacm
    A global variable created in one function cannot be used in another function directly. Instead I need to store the global variable in a local variable of the function which needs its access. Am I correct? Why is it so?

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  • [Tkinter/Python] Different line widths with canvas.create_line?

    - by Sam
    Does anyone have any idea why I get different line widths on the canvas in the following example? from Tkinter import * bigBoxSize = 150 class cFrame(Frame): def __init__(self, master, cwidth=450, cheight=450): Frame.__init__(self, master, relief=RAISED, height=550, width=600, bg = "grey") self.canvasWidth = cwidth self.canvasHeight = cheight self.canvas = Canvas(self, bg="white", width=cwidth, height=cheight, border =0) self.drawGridLines() self.canvas.pack(side=TOP, pady=20, padx=20) def drawGridLines(self, linewidth = 10): self.canvas.create_line(0, 0, self.canvasWidth, 0, width= linewidth ) self.canvas.create_line(0, 0, 0, self.canvasHeight, width= linewidth ) self.canvas.create_line(0, self.canvasHeight, self.canvasWidth + 2, self.canvasHeight, width= linewidth ) self.canvas.create_line(self.canvasWidth, self.canvasHeight, self.canvasWidth, 1, width= linewidth ) self.canvas.create_line(0, bigBoxSize, self.canvasWidth, bigBoxSize, width= linewidth ) self.canvas.create_line(0, bigBoxSize * 2, self.canvasWidth, bigBoxSize * 2, width= linewidth) root = Tk() C = cFrame(root) C.pack() root.mainloop() It's really frustrating me as I have no idea what's happening. If anyone can help me out then that'd be fantastic. Thanks!

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  • Sending http headers with python

    - by Niklas R
    I've set up a little script that should feed a client with html. import socket sock = socket.socket() sock.bind(('', 8080)) sock.listen(5) client, adress = sock.accept() print "Incoming:", adress print client.recv(1024) print client.send("Content-Type: text/html\n\n") client.send('<html><body></body></html>') print "Answering ..." print "Finished." import os os.system("pause") But it is shown as plain text in the browser. Can you please tell what I need to do ? I just can't find something in google that helps me.. Thanks.

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  • Python - calendar.timegm() vs. time.mktime()

    - by ibz
    I seem to have a hard time getting my head around this. What's the difference between calendar.timegm() and time.mktime()? Say I have a datetime.datetime with no tzinfo attached, shouldn't the two give the same output? Don't they both give the number of seconds between epoch and the date passed as a parameter? And since the date passed has no tzinfo, isn't that number of seconds the same? >>> import calendar >>> import time >>> import datetime >>> d = datetime.datetime(2010, 10, 10) >>> calendar.timegm(d.timetuple()) 1286668800 >>> time.mktime(d.timetuple()) 1286640000.0 >>>

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  • Python: Repeat elements in a list comprehension?

    - by User
    I have the following list comprehension which returns a list of coordinate objects for each location. coordinate_list = [Coordinates(location.latitude, location.longitude) for location in locations] This works. Now suppose the location object has a number_of_times member. I want a list comprehension to generate n Coordinate objects where n is the number_of_times for the particular location. So if a location has number_of_times = 5 then the coordinates for that location will be repeated 5 times in the list. (Maybe this is a case for a for-loop but I'm curious if it can be done via list comprehensions)

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  • Python: How do sets work

    - by Guy
    I have a list of objects which I want to turn into a set. My objects contain a few fields that some of which are o.id and o.area. I want two objects to be equal if these two fields are the same. ie: o1==o2 if and only if o1.area==o2.area and o1.id==o2.id. I tried over-writing __eq__ and __cmp__ but I get the error: TypeError: unhashable instance. What should I over-write?

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  • XML - python prints extra lines

    - by horse
    `from xml import xpath from xml.dom import minidom xmldata = minidom.parse('model.xml').documentElement for maks in xpath.Evaluate('/cacti/results/maks/text()', xmldata): print maks.nodeValue ` and I get result: 85603399.14 398673062.66 95785523.81 But I needed to be: 85603399.14 NO SPACE 398673062.66 NO SPACE 95785523.81 Can somebody help me, i new at programing :( ?

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  • Python problem with resize animate GIF

    - by gigimon
    Hello! I'm want to resize animated GIF with save animate. I'm try use PIL and PythonMagickWand (ImageMagick) and with some GIF's get bad frame. When I'm use PIL, it mar frame in read frame. For test, I'm use this code: from PIL import Image im = Image.open('d:/box_opens_closes.gif') im.seek(im.tell()+1) im.seek(im.tell()+1) im.seek(im.tell()+1) im.show() When I'm use MagickWand with this code: wand = NewMagickWand() MagickReadImage(wand, 'd:/Box_opens_closes.gif') MagickSetLastIterator(wand) length = MagickGetIteratorIndex(wand) MagickSetFirstIterator(wand) for i in range(0, length+1): MagickSetIteratorIndex(wand,i) MagickScaleImage(wand, 87, 58) MagickWriteImages(wand, 'path', 1) My GIF where I'm get bad frame this: test gif In GIF editor software, all freme is ok. Where problem? Thx

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  • Django models & Python class attributes

    - by Geo
    The tutorial on the django website shows this code for the models: from django.db import models class Poll(models.Model): question = models.CharField(max_length=200) pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published') class Choice(models.Model): poll = models.ForeignKey(Poll) choice = models.CharField(max_length=200) votes = models.IntegerField() Now, each of those attribute, is a class attribute, right? So, the same attribute should be shared by all instances of the class. A bit later, they present this code: class Poll(models.Model): # ... def __unicode__(self): return self.question class Choice(models.Model): # ... def __unicode__(self): return self.choice How did they turn from class attributes into instance attributes? Did I get class attributes wrong?

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  • Python: Count lines and differentiate between them

    - by Mister X
    I'm using an application that gives a timed output based on how many times something is done in a minute, and I wish to manually take the output (copy paste) and have my program, and I wish to count how many times each minute it is done. An example output is this: 13:48 An event happened. 13:48 Another event happened. 13:49 A new event happened. 13:49 A random event happened. 13:49 An event happened. So, the program would need to understand that 2 things happened at 13:48, and 3 at 13:49. I'm not sure how the information would be stored, but I need to average them after, to determine an average of how often it happens. Sorry for being so complicated!

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  • How does this If conditional work in Python?

    - by Sergio Boombastic
    from google.appengine.api import users from google.appengine.ext import webapp from google.appengine.ext.webapp.util import run_wsgi_app class MainPage(webapp.RequestHandler): def get(self): user = users.get_current_user() if user: self.response.headers['Content-Type'] = 'text/plain' self.response.out.write('Hello, ' + user.nickname()) else: self.redirect(users.create_login_url(self.request.uri)) application = webapp.WSGIApplication( [('/', MainPage)], debug=True) def main(): run_wsgi_app(application) if __name__ == "__main__": main() I don't understand how this line works: if user: self.response.headers['Content-Type'] = 'text/plain' self.response.out.write('Hello, ' + user.nickname()) else: self.redirect(users.create_login_url(self.request.uri)) I'm guessing the users.get_current_user() return a boolean? Then, if that is the case how can it get a .nickname() method? Thanks for the guidance.

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  • Invalid syntax in this simple Python application.

    - by Sergio Boombastic
    Getting an invalid syntax when creating the template_value variable: class MainPage(webapp.RequestHandler): def get(self): blogPosts_query = BlogPost.all().order('-postDate') blogPosts = blogPosts_query.fetch(10) if users.get_current_user(): url = users.create_logout_url(self.request.uri) url_linktext = 'Logout' else: url = url = users.create_login_url(self.request.uri) url_linktext = 'Login' template_value = ( 'blogPosts': blogPosts, 'url': url, 'url_linktext': url_linktext, ) path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'index.html') self.response.out.write(template.render(path, template_values)) The error fires specifically on the 'blogPosts': blogPosts line. What am I doing wrong? Thanks!

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  • file output in python giving me garbage

    - by Richard
    When I write the following code I get garbage for an output. It is just a simple program to find prime numbers. It works when the first for loops range only goes up to 1000 but once the range becomes large the program fail's to output meaningful data output = open("output.dat", 'w') for i in range(2, 10000): prime = 1 for j in range(2, i-1): if i%j == 0: prime = 0 j = i-1 if prime == 1: output.write(str(i) + " " ) output.close() print "writing finished"

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  • Generating Mouse-Keyboard combination events in python

    - by freakazo
    I want to be able to do a combination of keypresses and mouseclicks simultaneously, as in for example Control+LeftClick At the moment I am able to do Control and then a left click with the following code: import win32com, win32api, win32con def CopyBox( x, y): time.sleep(.2) wsh = win32com.client.Dispatch("WScript.Shell") wsh.SendKeys("^") win32api.SetCursorPos((x,y)) win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN, x, y, 0, 0) win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP, x, y, 0, 0) What this does is press control on the keyboard, then it clicks. I need it to keep the controll pressed longer and return while it's still pressed to continue running the code. Is there a maybe lower level way of saying press the key and then later in the code tell it to lift up the key such as like what the mouse is doing?

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  • How to add columns to sqlite3 python?

    - by user291071
    I know this is simple but I can't get it working! I have no probs with insert,update or select commands, Lets say I have a dictionary and I want to populate a table with the column names in the dictionary what is wrong with my one line where I add a column? ##create con = sqlite3.connect('linksauthor.db') c = con.cursor() c.execute('''create table linksauthor (links text)''') con.commit() c.close() ##populate author columns allauthors={'joe':1,'bla':2,'mo':3} con = sqlite3.connect('linksauthor.db') c = con.cursor() for author in allauthors: print author print type(author) c.execute("alter table linksauthor add column '%s' 'float'")%author ##what is wrong here? con.commit() c.close()

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  • List comprehension from multiple sources in Python?

    - by Noah
    Is it possible to replace the following with a list comprehension? res = [] for a, _, c in myList: for i in c: res.append((a, i)) For example: # Input myList = [("Foo", None, [1, 2, 3]), ("Bar", None, ["i", "j"])] # Output res = [("Foo", 1), ("Foo", 2), ("Foo", 3), ("Bar", "i"), ("Bar", "j")]

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  • OpenMeetings + Python + Suds

    - by user366774
    Trying to integrate openmeetings with django website, but can't understand how properly configure ImportDoctor: (here :// replaced with __ 'cause spam protection) print url http://sovershenstvo.com.ua:5080/openmeetings/services/UserService?wsdl imp = Import('http__schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/') imp.filter.add('http__services.axis.openmeetings.org') imp.filter.add('http__basic.beans.hibernate.app.openmeetings.org/xsd') imp.filter.add('http__basic.beans.data.app.openmeetings.org/xsd') imp.filter.add('http__services.axis.openmeetings.org') d = ImportDoctor(imp) client = Client(url, doctor = d) client.service.getSession() Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/suds/client.py", line 539, in call return client.invoke(args, kwargs) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/suds/client.py", line 598, in invoke result = self.send(msg) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/suds/client.py", line 627, in send result = self.succeeded(binding, reply.message) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/suds/client.py", line 659, in succeeded r, p = binding.get_reply(self.method, reply) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/suds/bindings/binding.py", line 159, in get_reply resolved = rtypes[0].resolve(nobuiltin=True) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/suds/xsd/sxbasic.py", line 63, in resolve raise TypeNotFound(qref) suds.TypeNotFound: Type not found: '(Sessiondata, http__basic.beans.hibernate.app.openmeetings.org/xsd, )' what i'm doing wrong? please help and sorry for my english, but you are my last chance to save position :( need webinars at morning (2.26 am now)

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  • Assign to a slice of a Python list from a lambda

    - by Bushman
    I know that there are certain "special" methods of various objects that represent operations that would normally be performed with operators (i.e. int.__add__ for +, object.__eq__ for ==, etc.), and that one of them is list.__setitem, which can assign a value to a list element. However, I need a function that can assign a list into a slice of another list. Basically, I'm looking for the expression equivalent of some_list[2:4] = [2, 3].

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  • match strings in python

    - by mesun
    Write a function, called constrainedMatchPair which takes three arguments: a tuple representing starting points for the first substring, a tuple representing starting points for the second substring, and the length of the first substring. The function should return a tuple of all members (call it n) of the first tuple for which there is an element in the second tuple (call it k) such that n+m+1 = k, where m is the length of the first substring. Complete the definition def constrainedMatchPair(firstMatch,secondMatch,length):

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  • python conditional list creation from 2D lists

    - by dls
    Say I've got a list of lists. Say the inner list of three elements in size and looks like this: ['apple', 'fruit', 1.23] The outer list looks like this data = [['apple', 'fruit', 1.23], ['pear', 'fruit', 2.34], ['lettuce', 'vegetable', 3.45]] I want to iterate through the outer list and cull data for a temporary list only in the case that element 1 matches some keyword (aka: 'fruit'). So, if I'm matching fruit, I would end up with this: tempList = [('apple', 1.23), ('pear', 2.34)] This is one way to accomplish this: tempList = [] for i in data: if i[1] == 'fruit': tempList.append(i[0], i[2]) is there some 'Pythonic' way to do this in fewer lines?

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  • Python debugging in Eclipse+PyDev

    - by Gökhan Sever
    Hello, I try Eclipse+PyDev pair for some of my work. (Eclipse v3.5.0 + PyDev v1.5.6) I couldn't find a way to expose all of my variables to the PyDev console (Through PyDev console - Console for current active editor option) I use a simple code to describe the issue. When I step-by-step go through the code I can't access my "x" variable from the console. It is viewed on Variables tab, but that's not really what I want. Any help is appreciate. See my screenshot for better description:

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