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• I want to be a developer (website and web application) and want to choose asp.net as a programming lang

  - by jeet

  I want to be a developer (website and web application) and want to choose asp.net as a programming lang. I am currently an intermediate web designer. My friend told me that there are many things in asp.net My question is I am interested in website and web application development Is there any specific thing I have to learn to be a web developer or I have to learn the whole. Also, what does a developer has to do? key skills if he choose asp.net? Thanks :)

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• How do you know when you are tired of programming in your life?

  - by medusa

  Have you ever felt that you have had enough of programming and you want to do something else in your life which hopefully doesn't include staying in front of the computer all day? Also, while thinking these you realize it's time to stop thinking and continue your code. I am going through these thoughts for some time now, do you ever feel like this and what do you do to get yourself concentrated and happy with your work?

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• What common programming problems are best solved by using prototypes and closures?

  - by vemv

  As much as I understand both concepts, I can't see how can I take advantage of JavaScript's closures and prototypes aside from using them for creating instantiable and/or encapsulated class-like blocks (which seems more of a workaround than an asset to me) Other JS features such as functions-as-values or logical evaluation of non-booleans are much easier to fall in love with... What common programming problems are best solved by using propotypal inheritance and closures?

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• what is the task of a coach in acm programming contests?

  - by Layla

  In the university that I am working they have decided to participate in the ACM regionals for the first time, they would like to appoint me like a coach. I have never been into that situation before and have not found so much information about it, so what is the real work of a coach in those contests? Sometimes I have found experienced programmers like coaches, but others are just people with no so good programming skills; so what is all about?

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• Office lights on or off in programming department? How to decide? [closed]

  - by smp7d

  At my company, the programmers who sit in the same area are constantly fighting over whether the lights stay on or off. Because there is no official policy it makes it a particularly sticky situation. We are a typical cube-farm and we have those typical cube-farm fluorescent lights and smaller ones at our desks. With the lights off, it is difficult to read and you would probably need to turn on your desk light (which some people do anyway). All programmers in our department do most of their reading on their monitor because of the nature of our business. Some feel that we should have a vote to decide whether the lights stay on or off. A couple who prefer 'lights on' feel that the vote would need to be unanimous to turn them off as having them on is the more natural office setting. Those who want them off point out that all other departments keep their lights off. I have heard all of the arguments: -Fluorescent lights cause eye strain -Reading in dark causes eye strain -The desk lights can be used if light is needed -People from other departments feel uncomfortable approaching us in the "dark" -The monitors are harder to see in the light ... Right now, some of the developers turn off the lights and some turn them on. It really just depends who last walked by the switch. I am a bit sick of the controversy as it feels a bit childish at the moment. I'm tired of hearing about it and I'm tired of having to talk about it. I tried to help them decide but as I explained, voting wasn't enough. Do other programming departments have this same argument? What is the standard or traditionally accepted option in a programming area? Are there any good reasons for one way or the other outside of preference? How can we decide fairly? EDIT Just a little more info... We do not have clients/visitors come into our office. We do have windows and hall lights that make our environment plenty bearable with the lights off. It kind of resembles a meeting room that has the lights off during a powerpoint presentation.

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• getting error : make: *** /lib/modules/2.6.31-20-generic/build: No such file or directory on Ubuntu

  - by user36637

  getting error : "make: * /lib/modules/2.6.31-20-generic/build: No such file or directory " on Ubuntu 9.1 , When trying to install My wifi card driver and run make command

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• Is there a quick and practical (hands on) way to learn another programming language?

  - by Tamsin

  Due to rather strange circumstances, I only have until Monday to learn (at least) the basics of PHP and .NET programming. I'm already fairly competent (though there is a lot of room for improvement) in C++ so I feel I have some of the concepts nailed already, but I need to get into the two languages in a bit more depth in a very short time frame. Unfortunately I won't have time to get any books so will need to exclusively use online resources, I'm more of a 'do-er' so any way to test my skills in a practical way would be a huge bonus :-)

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• How to add correct cancellation when downloading a file with the example in the samples of the new P

  - by Mike

  Hello everybody, I have downloaded the last samples of the Parallel Programming team, and I don't succeed in adding correctly the possibility to cancel the download of a file. Here is the code I ended to have: var wreq = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(uri); // Fire start event DownloadStarted(this, new DownloadStartedEventArgs(remoteFilePath)); long totalBytes = 0; wreq.DownloadDataInFileAsync(tmpLocalFile, cancellationTokenSource.Token, allowResume, totalBytesAction => { totalBytes = totalBytesAction; }, readBytes => { Log.Debug("Progression : {0} / {1} => {2}%", readBytes, totalBytes, 100 * (double)readBytes / totalBytes); DownloadProgress(this, new DownloadProgressEventArgs(remoteFilePath, readBytes, totalBytes, (int)(100 * readBytes / totalBytes))); }) .ContinueWith( (antecedent ) => { if (antecedent.IsFaulted) Log.Debug(antecedent.Exception.Message); //Fire end event SetEndDownload(antecedent.IsCanceled, antecedent.Exception, tmpLocalFile, 0); }, cancellationTokenSource.Token); I want to fire an end event after the download is finished, hence the ContinueWith. I slightly changed the code of the samples to add the CancellationToken and the 2 delegates to get the size of the file to download, and the progression of the download: return webRequest.GetResponseAsync() .ContinueWith(response => { if (totalBytesAction != null) totalBytesAction(response.Result.ContentLength); response.Result.GetResponseStream().WriteAllBytesAsync(filePath, ct, resumeDownload, progressAction).Wait(ct); }, ct); I had to add the call to the Wait function, because if I don't, the method exits and the end event is fired too early. Here are the modified method extensions (lot of code, apologies :p) public static Task WriteAllBytesAsync(this Stream stream, string filePath, CancellationToken ct, bool resumeDownload = false, Action<long> progressAction = null) { if (stream == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("stream"); // Copy from the source stream to the memory stream and return the copied data return stream.CopyStreamToFileAsync(filePath, ct, resumeDownload, progressAction); } public static Task CopyStreamToFileAsync(this Stream source, string destinationPath, CancellationToken ct, bool resumeDownload = false, Action<long> progressAction = null) { if (source == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("source"); if (destinationPath == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("destinationPath"); // Open the output file for writing var destinationStream = FileAsync.OpenWrite(destinationPath); // Copy the source to the destination stream, then close the output file. return CopyStreamToStreamAsync(source, destinationStream, ct, progressAction).ContinueWith(t => { var e = t.Exception; destinationStream.Close(); if (e != null) throw e; }, ct, TaskContinuationOptions.ExecuteSynchronously, TaskScheduler.Current); } public static Task CopyStreamToStreamAsync(this Stream source, Stream destination, CancellationToken ct, Action<long> progressAction = null) { if (source == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("source"); if (destination == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("destination"); return Task.Factory.Iterate(CopyStreamIterator(source, destination, ct, progressAction)); } private static IEnumerable<Task> CopyStreamIterator(Stream input, Stream output, CancellationToken ct, Action<long> progressAction = null) { // Create two buffers. One will be used for the current read operation and one for the current // write operation. We'll continually swap back and forth between them. byte[][] buffers = new byte[2][] { new byte[BUFFER_SIZE], new byte[BUFFER_SIZE] }; int filledBufferNum = 0; Task writeTask = null; int readBytes = 0; // Until there's no more data to be read or cancellation while (true) { ct.ThrowIfCancellationRequested(); // Read from the input asynchronously var readTask = input.ReadAsync(buffers[filledBufferNum], 0, buffers[filledBufferNum].Length); // If we have no pending write operations, just yield until the read operation has // completed. If we have both a pending read and a pending write, yield until both the read // and the write have completed. yield return writeTask == null ? readTask : Task.Factory.ContinueWhenAll(new[] { readTask, writeTask }, tasks => tasks.PropagateExceptions()); // If no data was read, nothing more to do. if (readTask.Result <= 0) break; readBytes += readTask.Result; if (progressAction != null) progressAction(readBytes); // Otherwise, write the written data out to the file writeTask = output.WriteAsync(buffers[filledBufferNum], 0, readTask.Result); // Swap buffers filledBufferNum ^= 1; } } So basically, at the end of the chain of called methods, I let the CancellationToken throw an OperationCanceledException if a Cancel has been requested. What I hoped was to get IsFaulted == true in the appealing code and to fire the end event with the canceled flags and the correct exception. But what I get is an unhandled exception on the line response.Result.GetResponseStream().WriteAllBytesAsync(filePath, ct, resumeDownload, progressAction).Wait(ct); telling me that I don't catch an AggregateException. I've tried various things, but I don't succeed to make the whole thing work properly. Does anyone of you have played enough with that library and may help me? Thanks in advance Mike

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• Why is it impossible to declare extension methods in a generic static class?

  - by Hun1Ahpu

  I'd like to create a lot of extension methods for some generic class, e.g. for public class SimpleLinkedList<T> where T:IComparable And I've started creating methods like this: public static class LinkedListExtensions { public static T[] ToArray<T>(this SimpleLinkedList<T> simpleLinkedList) where T:IComparable { //// code } } But when I tried to make LinkedListExtensions class generic like this: public static class LinkedListExtensions<T> where T:IComparable { public static T[] ToArray(this SimpleLinkedList<T> simpleLinkedList) { ////code } } I get "Extension methods can only be declared in non-generic, non-nested static class". And I'm trying to guess where this restriction came from and have no ideas.

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• How would you go about tackling this problem? [SOLVED in C++]

  - by incrediman

  Intro: EDIT: See solution at the bottom of this question (c++) I have a programming contest coming up in about half a week, and I've been prepping :) I found a bunch of questions from this canadian competition, they're great practice: http://cemc.math.uwaterloo.ca/contests/computing/2009/stage2/day1.pdf I'm looking at problem B ("Dinner"). Any idea where to start? I can't really think of anything besides the naive approach (ie. trying all permutations) which would take too long to be a valid answer. Btw, the language there says c++ and pascal I think, but i don't care what language you use - I mean really all I want is a hint as to the direction I should proceed in, and perhpas a short explanation to go along with it. It feels like I'm missing something obvious... Of course extended speculation is more than welcome, but I just wanted to clarify that I'm not looking for a full solution here :) Short version of the question: You have a binary string N of length 1-100 (in the question they use H's and G's instead of one's and 0's). You must remove all of the digits from it, in the least number of steps possible. In each step you may remove any number of adjacent digits so long as they are the same. That is, in each step you can remove any number of adjacent G's, or any number of adjacent H's, but you can't remove H's and G's in one step. Example: HHHGHHGHH Solution to the example: 1. HHGGHH (remove middle Hs) 2. HHHH (remove middle Gs) 3. Done (remove Hs) -->Would return '3' as the answer. Note that there can also be a limit placed on how large adjacent groups have to be when you remove them. For example it might say '2', and then you can't remove single digits (you'd have to remove pairs or larger groups at a time). Solution I took Mark Harrison's main algorithm, and Paradigm's grouping idea and used them to create the solution below. You can try it out on the official test cases if you want. //B.cpp //include debug messages? #define DEBUG false #include <iostream> #include <stdio.h> #include <vector> using namespace std; #define FOR(i,n) for (int i=0;i<n;i++) #define FROM(i,s,n) for (int i=s;i<n;i++) #define H 'H' #define G 'G' class String{ public: int num; char type; String(){ type=H; num=0; } String(char type){ this->type=type; num=1; } }; //n is the number of bits originally in the line //k is the minimum number of people you can remove at a time //moves is the counter used to determine how many moves we've made so far int n, k, moves; int main(){ /*Input from File*/ scanf("%d %d",&n,&k); char * buffer = new char[200]; scanf("%s",buffer); /*Process input into a vector*/ //the 'line' is a vector of 'String's (essentially contigious groups of identical 'bits') vector<String> line; line.push_back(String()); FOR(i,n){ //if the last String is of the correct type, simply increment its count if (line.back().type==buffer[i]) line.back().num++; //if the last String is of the wrong type but has a 0 count, correct its type and set its count to 1 else if (line.back().num==0){ line.back().type=buffer[i]; line.back().num=1; } //otherwise this is the beginning of a new group, so create the new group at the back with the correct type, and a count of 1 else{ line.push_back(String(buffer[i])); } } /*Geedily remove groups until there are at most two groups left*/ moves=0; int I;//the position of the best group to remove int bestNum;//the size of the newly connected group the removal of group I will create while (line.size()>2){ /*START DEBUG*/ if (DEBUG){ cout<<"\n"<<moves<<"\n----\n"; FOR(i,line.size()) printf("%d %c \n",line[i].num,line[i].type); cout<<"----\n"; } /*END DEBUG*/ I=1; bestNum=-1; FROM(i,1,line.size()-1){ if (line[i-1].num+line[i+1].num>bestNum && line[i].num>=k){ bestNum=line[i-1].num+line[i+1].num; I=i; } } //remove the chosen group, thus merging the two adjacent groups line[I-1].num+=line[I+1].num; line.erase(line.begin()+I);line.erase(line.begin()+I); moves++; } /*START DEBUG*/ if (DEBUG){ cout<<"\n"<<moves<<"\n----\n"; FOR(i,line.size()) printf("%d %c \n",line[i].num,line[i].type); cout<<"----\n"; cout<<"\n\nFinal Answer: "; } /*END DEBUG*/ /*Attempt the removal of the last two groups, and output the final result*/ if (line.size()==2 && line[0].num>=k && line[1].num>=k) cout<<moves+2;//success else if (line.size()==1 && line[0].num>=k) cout<<moves+1;//success else cout<<-1;//not everyone could dine. /*START DEBUG*/ if (DEBUG){ cout<<" moves."; } /*END DEBUG*/ }

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• Is converting this ArrayList to a Generic List efficient?

  - by Greg

  The code I'm writing receives an ArrayList from unmanaged code, and this ArrayList will always contain one or more objects of type Grid_Heading_Blk. I've considered changing this ArrayList to a generic List, but I'm unsure if the conversion operation will be so expensive as to nullify the benefits of working with the generic list. Currently, I'm just running a foreach (Grid_Heading_Blk in myArrayList) operation to work with the ArrayList contents after passing the ArrayList to the class that will use it. Should I convert the ArrayList to a generic typed list? And if so, what is the most efficient way of doing so?

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• [C++] A minimalistic smart array (container) class template

  - by legends2k

  I've written a (array) container class template (lets call it smart array) for using it in the BREW platform (which doesn't allow many C++ constructs like STD library, exceptions, etc. It has a very minimal C++ runtime support); while writing this my friend said that something like this already exists in Boost called MultiArray, I tried it but the ARM compiler (RVCT) cries with 100s of errors. I've not seen Boost.MultiArray's source, I've just started learning template only lately; template meta programming interests me a lot, although am not sure if this is strictly one, which can be categorised thus. So I want all my fellow C++ aficionados to review it ~ point out flaws, potential bugs, suggestions, optimisations, etc.; somthing like "you've not written your own Big Three which might lead to...". Possibly any criticism that'll help me improve this class and thereby my C++ skills. smart_array.h #include <vector> using std::vector; template <typename T, size_t N> class smart_array { vector < smart_array<T, N - 1> > vec; public: explicit smart_array(vector <size_t> &dimensions) { assert(N == dimensions.size()); vector <size_t>::iterator it = ++dimensions.begin(); vector <size_t> dimensions_remaining(it, dimensions.end()); smart_array <T, N - 1> temp_smart_array(dimensions_remaining); vec.assign(dimensions[0], temp_smart_array); } explicit smart_array(size_t dimension_1 = 1, ...) { static_assert(N > 0, "Error: smart_array expects 1 or more dimension(s)"); assert(dimension_1 > 1); va_list dim_list; vector <size_t> dimensions_remaining(N - 1); va_start(dim_list, dimension_1); for(size_t i = 0; i < N - 1; ++i) { size_t dimension_n = va_arg(dim_list, size_t); assert(dimension_n > 0); dimensions_remaining[i] = dimension_n; } va_end(dim_list); smart_array <T, N - 1> temp_smart_array(dimensions_remaining); vec.assign(dimension_1, temp_smart_array); } smart_array<T, N - 1>& operator[](size_t index) { assert(index < vec.size() && index >= 0); return vec[index]; } size_t length() const { return vec.size(); } }; template<typename T> class smart_array<T, 1> { vector <T> vec; public: explicit smart_array(vector <size_t> &dimension) : vec(dimension[0]) { assert(dimension[0] > 0); } explicit smart_array(size_t dimension_1 = 1) : vec(dimension_1) { assert(dimension_1 > 0); } T& operator[](size_t index) { assert(index < vec.size() && index >= 0); return vec[index]; } size_t length() { return vec.size(); } }; Sample Usage: #include <iostream> using std::cout; using std::endl; int main() { // testing 1 dimension smart_array <int, 1> x(3); x[0] = 0, x[1] = 1, x[2] = 2; cout << "x.length(): " << x.length() << endl; // testing 2 dimensions smart_array <float, 2> y(2, 3); y[0][0] = y[0][1] = y[0][2] = 0; y[1][0] = y[1][1] = y[1][2] = 1; cout << "y.length(): " << y.length() << endl; cout << "y[0].length(): " << y[0].length() << endl; // testing 3 dimensions smart_array <char, 3> z(2, 4, 5); cout << "z.length(): " << z.length() << endl; cout << "z[0].length(): " << z[0].length() << endl; cout << "z[0][0].length(): " << z[0][0].length() << endl; z[0][0][4] = 'c'; cout << z[0][0][4] << endl; // testing 4 dimensions smart_array <bool, 4> r(2, 3, 4, 5); cout << "z.length(): " << r.length() << endl; cout << "z[0].length(): " << r[0].length() << endl; cout << "z[0][0].length(): " << r[0][0].length() << endl; cout << "z[0][0][0].length(): " << r[0][0][0].length() << endl; // testing copy constructor smart_array <float, 2> copy_y(y); cout << "copy_y.length(): " << copy_y.length() << endl; cout << "copy_x[0].length(): " << copy_y[0].length() << endl; cout << copy_y[0][0] << "\t" << copy_y[1][0] << "\t" << copy_y[0][1] << "\t" << copy_y[1][1] << "\t" << copy_y[0][2] << "\t" << copy_y[1][2] << endl; return 0; }

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• A minimalistic smart array (container) class template

  - by legends2k

  I've written a (array) container class template (lets call it smart array) for using it in the BREW platform (which doesn't allow many C++ constructs like STD library, exceptions, etc. It has a very minimal C++ runtime support); while writing this my friend said that something like this already exists in Boost called MultiArray, I tried it but the ARM compiler (RVCT) cries with 100s of errors. I've not seen Boost.MultiArray's source, I've started learning templates only lately; template meta programming interests me a lot, although am not sure if this is strictly one that can be categorized thus. So I want all my fellow C++ aficionados to review it ~ point out flaws, potential bugs, suggestions, optimizations, etc.; something like "you've not written your own Big Three which might lead to...". Possibly any criticism that will help me improve this class and thereby my C++ skills. Edit: I've used std::vector since it's easily understood, later it will be replaced by a custom written vector class template made to work in the BREW platform. Also C++0x related syntax like static_assert will also be removed in the final code. smart_array.h #include <vector> #include <cassert> #include <cstdarg> using std::vector; template <typename T, size_t N> class smart_array { vector < smart_array<T, N - 1> > vec; public: explicit smart_array(vector <size_t> &dimensions) { assert(N == dimensions.size()); vector <size_t>::iterator it = ++dimensions.begin(); vector <size_t> dimensions_remaining(it, dimensions.end()); smart_array <T, N - 1> temp_smart_array(dimensions_remaining); vec.assign(dimensions[0], temp_smart_array); } explicit smart_array(size_t dimension_1 = 1, ...) { static_assert(N > 0, "Error: smart_array expects 1 or more dimension(s)"); assert(dimension_1 > 1); va_list dim_list; vector <size_t> dimensions_remaining(N - 1); va_start(dim_list, dimension_1); for(size_t i = 0; i < N - 1; ++i) { size_t dimension_n = va_arg(dim_list, size_t); assert(dimension_n > 0); dimensions_remaining[i] = dimension_n; } va_end(dim_list); smart_array <T, N - 1> temp_smart_array(dimensions_remaining); vec.assign(dimension_1, temp_smart_array); } smart_array<T, N - 1>& operator[](size_t index) { assert(index < vec.size() && index >= 0); return vec[index]; } size_t length() const { return vec.size(); } }; template<typename T> class smart_array<T, 1> { vector <T> vec; public: explicit smart_array(vector <size_t> &dimension) : vec(dimension[0]) { assert(dimension[0] > 0); } explicit smart_array(size_t dimension_1 = 1) : vec(dimension_1) { assert(dimension_1 > 0); } T& operator[](size_t index) { assert(index < vec.size() && index >= 0); return vec[index]; } size_t length() { return vec.size(); } }; Sample Usage: #include "smart_array.h" #include <iostream> using std::cout; using std::endl; int main() { // testing 1 dimension smart_array <int, 1> x(3); x[0] = 0, x[1] = 1, x[2] = 2; cout << "x.length(): " << x.length() << endl; // testing 2 dimensions smart_array <float, 2> y(2, 3); y[0][0] = y[0][1] = y[0][2] = 0; y[1][0] = y[1][1] = y[1][2] = 1; cout << "y.length(): " << y.length() << endl; cout << "y[0].length(): " << y[0].length() << endl; // testing 3 dimensions smart_array <char, 3> z(2, 4, 5); cout << "z.length(): " << z.length() << endl; cout << "z[0].length(): " << z[0].length() << endl; cout << "z[0][0].length(): " << z[0][0].length() << endl; z[0][0][4] = 'c'; cout << z[0][0][4] << endl; // testing 4 dimensions smart_array <bool, 4> r(2, 3, 4, 5); cout << "z.length(): " << r.length() << endl; cout << "z[0].length(): " << r[0].length() << endl; cout << "z[0][0].length(): " << r[0][0].length() << endl; cout << "z[0][0][0].length(): " << r[0][0][0].length() << endl; // testing copy constructor smart_array <float, 2> copy_y(y); cout << "copy_y.length(): " << copy_y.length() << endl; cout << "copy_x[0].length(): " << copy_y[0].length() << endl; cout << copy_y[0][0] << "\t" << copy_y[1][0] << "\t" << copy_y[0][1] << "\t" << copy_y[1][1] << "\t" << copy_y[0][2] << "\t" << copy_y[1][2] << endl; return 0; }

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• Unable to boot Windows 7 after installing Ubuntu

  - by Devendra

  I have Windows 7 on my machine and then installed Ubuntu 12.04 using a live CD. I can see both Windows 7 and Ubuntu in the grub menu, but when I select Windows 7 it shows a black screen for about 2 seconds and the returns to the Grub menu. But if I select Ubuntu it's working fine. This is the contents of the boot-repair log: Boot Info Script 0.61.full + Boot-Repair extra info [Boot-Info November 20th 2012] ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== => Grub2 (v2.00) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks in partition 1 for (,msdos6)/boot/grub. sda1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Grub2 (v1.99-2.00) Boot sector info: Grub2 (v2.00) is installed in the boot sector of sda1 and looks at sector 388911128 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks in partition 1 for (,msdos6)/boot/grub. No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Windows 7 Boot files: /bootmgr /Boot/BCD /Windows/System32/winload.exe sda2: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: sda3: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: sda4: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: Extended Partition Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sda5: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: According to the info in the boot sector, sda5 starts at sector 2048. Operating System: Boot files: sda6: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: Operating System: Ubuntu 12.10 Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /boot/grub/i386-pc/core.img sda7: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: ============================ Drive/Partition Info: ============================= Drive: sda _____________________________________________________________________ Disk /dev/sda: 750.2 GB, 750156374016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91201 cylinders, total 1465149168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sda1 * 206,848 146,802,687 146,595,840 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda2 147,007,488 293,623,807 146,616,320 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda3 293,623,808 332,820,613 39,196,806 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda4 332,822,526 1,465,145,343 1,132,322,818 f W95 Extended (LBA) /dev/sda5 461,342,720 1,465,145,343 1,003,802,624 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda6 332,822,528 453,171,199 120,348,672 83 Linux /dev/sda7 453,173,248 461,338,623 8,165,376 82 Linux swap / Solaris "blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________ Device UUID TYPE LABEL /dev/sda1 F6AE2C13AE2BCB47 ntfs /dev/sda2 DC2273012272DFC6 ntfs /dev/sda3 1E76E43376E40D79 ntfs New Volume /dev/sda5 5ED60ACDD60AA57D ntfs /dev/sda6 9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124 ext4 /dev/sda7 52f3dd94-6be7-4a7b-a3ae-f43eb8810483 swap ================================ Mount points: ================================= Device Mount_Point Type Options /dev/sda6 / ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro) =========================== sda6/boot/grub/grub.cfg: =========================== -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # # It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then set have_grubenv=true load_env fi set default="0" if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then menuentry_id_option="--id" else menuentry_id_option="" fi export menuentry_id_option if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}" save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then saved_entry="${chosen}" save_env saved_entry fi } function recordfail { set recordfail=1 if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi } function load_video { if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then insmod all_video else insmod efi_gop insmod efi_uga insmod ieee1275_fb insmod vbe insmod vga insmod video_bochs insmod video_cirrus fi } if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then font=unicode else insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos6' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos6 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos6 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos6 9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124 fi font="/usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2" fi if loadfont $font ; then set gfxmode=auto load_video insmod gfxterm set locale_dir=$prefix/locale set lang=en_IN insmod gettext fi terminal_output gfxterm if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ]; then set timeout=10 else set timeout=10 fi ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### set menu_color_normal=white/black set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray if background_color 44,0,30; then clear fi ### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### function gfxmode { set gfxpayload="${1}" if [ "${1}" = "keep" ]; then set vt_handoff=vt.handoff=7 else set vt_handoff= fi } if [ "${recordfail}" != 1 ]; then if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then set linux_gfx_mode=keep else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=keep fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi export linux_gfx_mode if [ "${linux_gfx_mode}" != "text" ]; then load_video; fi menuentry 'Ubuntu' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124' { recordfail gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos6' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos6 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos6 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos6 9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124 fi linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-17-generic root=UUID=9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-17-generic } submenu 'Advanced options for Ubuntu' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124' { menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.5.0-17-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.5.0-17-generic-advanced-9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124' { recordfail gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos6' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos6 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos6 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos6 9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124 fi echo 'Loading Linux 3.5.0-17-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-17-generic root=UUID=9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-17-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.5.0-17-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.5.0-17-generic-recovery-9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124' { recordfail insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos6' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos6 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos6 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos6 9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124 fi echo 'Loading Linux 3.5.0-17-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-17-generic root=UUID=9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124 ro recovery nomodeset echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-17-generic } } ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos6' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos6 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos6 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos6 9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124 fi linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin } menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos6' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos6 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos6 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos6 9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124 fi linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8 } ### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### menuentry 'Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda1)' --class windows --class os $menuentry_id_option 'osprober-chain-F6AE2C13AE2BCB47' { insmod part_msdos insmod ntfs set root='hd0,msdos1' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 F6AE2C13AE2BCB47 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root F6AE2C13AE2BCB47 fi chainloader +1 } ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ### ### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change # the 'exec tail' line above. ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### if [ -f ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then source ${config_directory}/custom.cfg elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then source $prefix/custom.cfg; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- =============================== sda6/etc/fstab: ================================ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> # / was on /dev/sda6 during installation UUID=9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda7 during installation UUID=52f3dd94-6be7-4a7b-a3ae-f43eb8810483 none swap sw 0 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- =================== sda6: Location of files loaded by Grub: ==================== GiB - GB File Fragment(s) 162.831275940 = 174.838751232 boot/grub/grub.cfg 1 163.036647797 = 175.059267584 boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-17-generic 1 206.871749878 = 222.126850048 boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-17-generic 1 163.036647797 = 175.059267584 initrd.img 1 163.036647797 = 175.059267584 initrd.img.old 1 206.871749878 = 222.126850048 vmlinuz 1 =============================== StdErr Messages: =============================== cat: write error: Broken pipe cat: write error: Broken pipe ADDITIONAL INFORMATION : =================== log of boot-repair 2012-12-11__00h59 =================== boot-repair version : 3.195~ppa28~quantal boot-sav version : 3.195~ppa28~quantal glade2script version : 3.2.2~ppa45~quantal boot-sav-extra version : 3.195~ppa28~quantal boot-repair is executed in installed-session (Ubuntu 12.10, quantal, Ubuntu, x86_64) CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-17-generic root=UUID=9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124 ro quiet splash vt.handoff=7 =================== os-prober: /dev/sda6:The OS now in use - Ubuntu 12.10 CurrentSession:linux /dev/sda1:Windows 7 (loader):Windows:chain =================== blkid: /dev/sda1: UUID="F6AE2C13AE2BCB47" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda2: UUID="DC2273012272DFC6" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda3: LABEL="New Volume" UUID="1E76E43376E40D79" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda5: UUID="5ED60ACDD60AA57D" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda6: UUID="9e70fd16-b48b-4f88-adcf-e443aef83124" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sda7: UUID="52f3dd94-6be7-4a7b-a3ae-f43eb8810483" TYPE="swap" 1 disks with OS, 2 OS : 1 Linux, 0 MacOS, 1 Windows, 0 unknown type OS. Warning: extended partition does not start at a cylinder boundary. DOS and Linux will interpret the contents differently. =================== /etc/default/grub : # If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update # /boot/grub/grub.cfg. # For full documentation of the options in this file, see: # info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration' GRUB_DEFAULT=0 #GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true GRUB_TIMEOUT=10 GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian` GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" # Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs # This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains # the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...) #GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef" # Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only) #GRUB_TERMINAL=console # The resolution used on graphical terminal # note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE # you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo' #GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480 # Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux #GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true # Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries #GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true" # Uncomment to get a beep at grub start #GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1" =================== /etc/grub.d/ : drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 17 20:29 grub.d total 72 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7541 Oct 14 23:06 00_header -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5488 Oct 4 15:00 05_debian_theme -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10891 Oct 14 23:06 10_linux -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10258 Oct 14 23:06 20_linux_xen -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1688 Oct 11 19:40 20_memtest86+ -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10976 Oct 14 23:06 30_os-prober -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1426 Oct 14 23:06 30_uefi-firmware -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 214 Oct 14 23:06 40_custom -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 216 Oct 14 23:06 41_custom -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 483 Oct 14 23:06 README =================== UEFI/Legacy mode: This installed-session is not in EFI-mode. EFI in dmesg. Please report this message to [email protected] [ 0.000000] ACPI: UEFI 00000000bafe7000 0003E (v01 DELL QA09 00000002 PTL 00000002) [ 0.000000] ACPI: UEFI 00000000bafe6000 00042 (v01 PTL COMBUF 00000001 PTL 00000001) [ 0.000000] ACPI: UEFI 00000000bafe3000 00256 (v01 DELL QA09 00000002 PTL 00000002) SecureBoot disabled. =================== PARTITIONS & DISKS: sda6 : sda, not-sepboot, grubenv-ok grub2, grub-pc , update-grub, 64, with-boot, is-os, not--efi--part, fstab-without-boot, fstab-without-efi, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, apt-get, grub-install, with--usr, fstab-without-usr, not-sep-usr, standard, farbios, . sda1 : sda, not-sepboot, no-grubenv nogrub, no-docgrub, no-update-grub, 32, no-boot, is-os, not--efi--part, part-has-no-fstab, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, haswinload, no-recov-nor-hid, bootmgr, is-winboot, nopakmgr, nogrubinstall, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, standard, not-far, /mnt/boot-sav/sda1. sda2 : sda, not-sepboot, no-grubenv nogrub, no-docgrub, no-update-grub, 32, no-boot, no-os, not--efi--part, part-has-no-fstab, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, nopakmgr, nogrubinstall, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, standard, farbios, /mnt/boot-sav/sda2. sda3 : sda, not-sepboot, no-grubenv nogrub, no-docgrub, no-update-grub, 32, no-boot, no-os, not--efi--part, part-has-no-fstab, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, nopakmgr, nogrubinstall, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, standard, farbios, /mnt/boot-sav/sda3. sda5 : sda, not-sepboot, no-grubenv nogrub, no-docgrub, no-update-grub, 32, no-boot, no-os, not--efi--part, part-has-no-fstab, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, nopakmgr, nogrubinstall, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, standard, farbios, /mnt/boot-sav/sda5. sda : not-GPT, BIOSboot-not-needed, has-no-EFIpart, not-usb, has-os, 2048 sectors * 512 bytes =================== parted -l: Model: ATA WDC WD7500BPKT-7 (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 750GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 106MB 75.2GB 75.1GB primary ntfs boot 2 75.3GB 150GB 75.1GB primary ntfs 3 150GB 170GB 20.1GB primary ntfs 4 170GB 750GB 580GB extended lba 6 170GB 232GB 61.6GB logical ext4 7 232GB 236GB 4181MB logical linux-swap(v1) 5 236GB 750GB 514GB logical ntfs =================== parted -lm: BYT; /dev/sda:750GB:scsi:512:4096:msdos:ATA WDC WD7500BPKT-7; 1:106MB:75.2GB:75.1GB:ntfs::boot; 2:75.3GB:150GB:75.1GB:ntfs::; 3:150GB:170GB:20.1GB:ntfs::; 4:170GB:750GB:580GB:::lba; 6:170GB:232GB:61.6GB:ext4::; 7:232GB:236GB:4181MB:linux-swap(v1)::; 5:236GB:750GB:514GB:ntfs::; =================== mount: /dev/sda6 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755) none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880) none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) none on /run/user type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=104857600,mode=0755) gvfsd-fuse on /run/user/dev/gvfs type fuse.gvfsd-fuse (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=dev) /dev/sda1 on /mnt/boot-sav/sda1 type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096) /dev/sda2 on /mnt/boot-sav/sda2 type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096) /dev/sda3 on /mnt/boot-sav/sda3 type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096) /dev/sda5 on /mnt/boot-sav/sda5 type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096) =================== ls: /sys/block/sda (filtered): alignment_offset bdi capability dev device discard_alignment events events_async events_poll_msecs ext_range holders inflight power queue range removable ro sda1 sda2 sda3 sda4 sda5 sda6 sda7 size slaves stat subsystem trace uevent /sys/block/sr0 (filtered): alignment_offset bdi capability dev device discard_alignment events events_async events_poll_msecs ext_range holders inflight power queue range removable ro size slaves stat subsystem trace uevent /dev (filtered): alarm ashmem autofs binder block bsg btrfs-control bus cdrom cdrw char console core cpu cpu_dma_latency disk dri dvd dvdrw ecryptfs fb0 fb1 fd full fuse hpet input kmsg kvm log mapper mcelog mei mem net network_latency network_throughput null oldmem port ppp psaux ptmx pts random rfkill rtc rtc0 sda sda1 sda2 sda3 sda4 sda5 sda6 sda7 sg0 sg1 shm snapshot snd sr0 stderr stdin stdout uinput urandom v4l vga_arbiter vhost-net video0 zero ls /dev/mapper: control =================== df -Th: Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda6 ext4 57G 2.7G 51G 6% / udev devtmpfs 1.9G 12K 1.9G 1% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 770M 892K 769M 1% /run none tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock none tmpfs 1.9G 260K 1.9G 1% /run/shm none tmpfs 100M 44K 100M 1% /run/user /dev/sda1 fuseblk 70G 36G 35G 51% /mnt/boot-sav/sda1 /dev/sda2 fuseblk 70G 66G 4.8G 94% /mnt/boot-sav/sda2 /dev/sda3 fuseblk 19G 87M 19G 1% /mnt/boot-sav/sda3 /dev/sda5 fuseblk 479G 436G 44G 92% /mnt/boot-sav/sda5 =================== fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 750.2 GB, 750156374016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91201 cylinders, total 1465149168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x1dc69d0b Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 206848 146802687 73297920 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 147007488 293623807 73308160 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda3 293623808 332820613 19598403 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda4 332822526 1465145343 566161409 f W95 Ext'd (LBA) Partition 4 does not start on physical sector boundary. /dev/sda5 461342720 1465145343 501901312 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda6 332822528 453171199 60174336 83 Linux /dev/sda7 453173248 461338623 4082688 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition table entries are not in disk order =================== Recommended repair Recommended-Repair This setting will reinstall the grub2 of sda6 into the MBR of sda. Additional repair will be performed: unhide-bootmenu-10s grub-install (GRUB) 2.00-7ubuntu11,grub-install (GRUB) 2. Reinstall the GRUB of sda6 into the MBR of sda Installation finished. No error reported. grub-install /dev/sda: exit code of grub-install /dev/sda:0 update-grub Generating grub.cfg ... Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-17-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-17-generic Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.bin Found Windows 7 (loader) on /dev/sda1 Unhide GRUB boot menu in sda6/boot/grub/grub.cfg Boot successfully repaired. You can now reboot your computer. The boot files of [The OS now in use - Ubuntu 12.10] are far from the start of the disk. Your BIOS may not detect them. You may want to retry after creating a /boot partition (EXT4, >200MB, start of the disk). This can be performed via tools such as gParted. Then select this partition via the [Separate /boot partition:] option of [Boot Repair]. (https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootPartition)

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• The design of a generic data synchronizer, or, an [object] that does [actions] with the aid of [helpers]

  - by acheong87

  I'd like to create a generic data-source "synchronizer," where data-source "types" may include MySQL databases, Google Spreadsheets documents, CSV files, among others. I've been trying to figure out how to structure this in terms of classes and interfaces, keeping in mind (what I've read about) composition vs. inheritance and is-a vs. has-a, but each route I go down seems to violate some principle. For simplicity, assume that all data-sources have a header-row-plus-data-rows format. For example, assume that the first rows of Google Spreadsheets documents and CSV files will have column headers, a.k.a. "fields" (to parallel database fields). Also, eventually, I would like to implement this in PHP, but avoiding language-specific discussion would probably be more productive. Here's an overview of what I've tried. Part 1/4: ISyncable class CMySQL implements ISyncable GetFields() // sql query, pdo statement, whatever AddFields() RemFields() ... _dbh class CGoogleSpreadsheets implements ISyncable GetFields() // zend gdata api AddFields() RemFields() ... _spreadsheetKey _worksheetId class CCsvFile implements ISyncable GetFields() // read from buffer AddFields() RemFields() ... _buffer interface ISyncable GetFields() AddFields($field1, $field2, ...) RemFields($field1, $field2, ...) ... CanAddFields() // maybe the spreadsheet is locked for write, or CanRemFields() // maybe no permission to alter a database table ... AddRow() ModRow() RemRow() ... Open() Close() ... First Question: Does it make sense to use an interface, as above? Part 2/4: CSyncer Next, the thing that does the syncing. class CSyncer __construct(ISyncable $A, ISyncable $B) Push() // sync A to B Pull() // sync B to A Sync() // Push() and Pull() only differ in direction; factor. // Sync()'s job is to make sure that the fields on each side // match, to add fields where appropriate and possible, to // account for different column-orderings, etc., and of // course, to add and remove rows as necessary to sync. ... _A _B Second Question: Does it make sense to define such a class, or am I treading dangerously close to the "Kingdom of Nouns"? Part 3/4: CTranslator? ITranslator? Now, here's where I actually get lost, assuming the above is passable. Sometimes, two ISyncables speak different "dialects." For example, believe it or not, Google Spreadsheets (accessed through the Google Data API "list feed") returns column headers lower-cased and stripped of all spaces and symbols! That is, sys_TIMESTAMP is systimestamp, as far as my code can tell. (Yes, I am aware that the "cell feed" does not strip the name so; however cell-by-cell manipulation is too slow for what I'm doing.) One can imagine other hypothetical examples. Perhaps even the data itself can be in different "dialects." But let's take it as given for now, and not argue this if possible. Third Question: How would you implement "translation"? Note: Taking all this as an exercise, I'm more interested in the "idealized" design, rather than the practical one. (God knows that shipped sailed when I began this project.) Part 4/4: Further Thought Here's my train of thought to demonstrate I've thunk, albeit unfruitfully: First, I thought, primitively, "I'll just modify CMySQL::GetFields() to lower-case and strip field names so they're compatible with Google Spreadsheets." But of course, then my class should really be called, CMySQLForGoogleSpreadsheets, and that can't be right. So, the thing which translates must exist outside of an ISyncable implementor. And surely it can't be right to make each translation a method in CSyncer. If it exists outside of both ISyncable and CSyncer, then what is it? (Is it even an "it"?) Is it an abstract class, i.e. abstract CTranslator? Is it an interface, since a translator only does, not has, i.e. interface ITranslator? Does it even require instantiation? e.g. If it's an ITranslator, then should its translation methods be static? (I learned what "late static binding" meant, today.) And, dear God, whatever it is, how should a CSyncer use it? Does it "have" it? Is it, "it"? Who am I? ...am I, "I"? I've attempted to break up the question into sub-questions, but essentially my question is singular: How does one implement an object A that conceptually "links" (has) two objects b1 and b2 that share a common interface B, where certain pairs of b1 and b2 require a helper, e.g. a translator, to be handled by A? Something tells me that I've overcomplicated this design, or violated a principle much higher up. Thank you all very much for your time and any advice you can provide.

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• How to assign Image Uri in a custom Control.

  - by Subhen

  Hi, I want to place an image inside my custom control , so my generic.xaml looks like below: <Style TargetType="local:generic"> <Setter Property="Template"> <Setter.Value> <ControlTemplate TargetType="local:generic"> <Grid Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"> <Rectangle> <Rectangle.Fill> <SolidColorBrush x:Name="BackgroundBrush" Opacity="0" /> </Rectangle.Fill> </Rectangle> <TextBlock Text="{TemplateBinding Text}" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Foreground="{TemplateBinding Foreground}"/> <Image Source="{TemplateBinding Source}" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center"/> </Grid> </ControlTemplate> </Setter.Value> </Setter> </Style> My Codebehind is as follows: public class Generic : Control { public static DependencyProperty ImageUri = DependencyProperty.Register("Source", typeof(Uri), typeof(generic), new PropertyMetadata("")); public Uri Source { get { return (Uri)GetValue(generic.ImageUri); } set { SetValue(generic.ImageUri, value); } } public generic() { this.DefaultStyleKey = typeof(generic); } } Apllication is compiling fine but while I am trying to run it throws the following exception : $exception {System.Windows.Markup.XamlParseException: System.TypeInitializationException: The type initializer for 'testCstmCntrl.themes.generic' threw an exception. ---> System.ArgumentException: Default value type does not match type of property. Thanks, Subhen

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• How to make sure that grub does use menu.lst?

  - by Glen S. Dalton

  On my Ubuntu 9.04 ("Karmic") laptop I suspect grub does not use the /boot/grub/menu.lst file. What happens on boot is that I see a blank screen and nothing happens. When I press ESC I see a boot list which is different from what I would expect from the menu.lst file. The menu lines are different and when I choose the first entry it does not use the kernel options that are in the first entry in menu.lst. Where do the entries that grub uses come from? How can I find out what happens, is there a log? I could not find anything in /var/log/syslog or /var/log/dmesg about grub using a menu.lst. How can I set it to work like expected? Some Files: $ sudo ls -la /boot/grub/*lst -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1558 2009-12-12 15:25 /boot/grub/command.lst -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 121 2009-12-12 15:25 /boot/grub/fs.lst -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 272 2009-12-12 15:25 /boot/grub/handler.lst -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4576 2010-03-19 11:26 /boot/grub/menu.lst -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1657 2009-12-12 15:25 /boot/grub/moddep.lst -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 62 2009-12-12 15:25 /boot/grub/partmap.lst -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22 2009-12-12 15:25 /boot/grub/parttool.lst $ sudo ls -la /vm* lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 30 2009-12-12 16:15 /vmlinuz -> boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31-16-generic lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 30 2009-12-12 14:07 /vmlinuz.old -> boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31-14-generic $ sudo ls -la /init* lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 33 2009-12-12 16:15 /initrd.img -> boot/initrd.img-2.6.31-16-generic lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 33 2009-12-12 14:07 /initrd.img.old -> boot/initrd.img-2.6.31-14-generic The only menu.lst that I found: $ sudo find / -name "menu.lst" /boot/grub/menu.lst $ sudo cat /boot/grub/menu.lst # menu.lst - See: grub(8), info grub, update-grub(8) # grub-install(8), grub-floppy(8), # grub-md5-crypt, /usr/share/doc/grub # and /usr/share/doc/grub-doc/. ## default num # Set the default entry to the entry number NUM. Numbering starts from 0, and # the entry number 0 is the default if the command is not used. # # You can specify 'saved' instead of a number. In this case, the default entry # is the entry saved with the command 'savedefault'. # WARNING: If you are using dmraid do not use 'savedefault' or your # array will desync and will not let you boot your system. default 0 ## timeout sec # Set a timeout, in SEC seconds, before automatically booting the default entry # (normally the first entry defined). timeout 3 ## hiddenmenu # Hides the menu by default (press ESC to see the menu) #hiddenmenu # Pretty colours color cyan/blue white/blue ## password ['--md5'] passwd # If used in the first section of a menu file, disable all interactive editing # control (menu entry editor and command-line) and entries protected by the # command 'lock' # e.g. password topsecret # password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/ # password topsecret # examples # # title Windows 95/98/NT/2000 # root (hd0,0) # makeactive # chainloader +1 # # title Linux # root (hd0,1) # kernel /vmlinuz root=/dev/hda2 ro # Put static boot stanzas before and/or after AUTOMAGIC KERNEL LIST ### BEGIN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST ## lines between the AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST markers will be modified ## by the debian update-grub script except for the default options below ## DO NOT UNCOMMENT THEM, Just edit them to your needs ## ## Start Default Options ## ## default kernel options ## default kernel options for automagic boot options ## If you want special options for specific kernels use kopt_x_y_z ## where x.y.z is kernel version. Minor versions can be omitted. ## e.g. kopt=root=/dev/hda1 ro ## kopt_2_6_8=root=/dev/hdc1 ro ## kopt_2_6_8_2_686=root=/dev/hdc2 ro # kopt=root=UUID=9b454298-18e1-43f7-a5bc-f56e7ed5f9c6 ro noresume ## default grub root device ## e.g. groot=(hd0,0) # groot=70fcd2b0-0ee0-4fe6-9acb-322ef74c1cdf ## should update-grub create alternative automagic boot options ## e.g. alternative=true ## alternative=false # alternative=true ## should update-grub lock alternative automagic boot options ## e.g. lockalternative=true ## lockalternative=false # lockalternative=false ## additional options to use with the default boot option, but not with the ## alternatives ## e.g. defoptions=vga=791 resume=/dev/hda5 ## defoptions=quiet splash # defoptions=apm=on acpi=off ## should update-grub lock old automagic boot options ## e.g. lockold=false ## lockold=true # lockold=false ## Xen hypervisor options to use with the default Xen boot option # xenhopt= ## Xen Linux kernel options to use with the default Xen boot option # xenkopt=console=tty0 ## altoption boot targets option ## multiple altoptions lines are allowed ## e.g. altoptions=(extra menu suffix) extra boot options ## altoptions=(recovery) single # altoptions=(recovery mode) single ## controls how many kernels should be put into the menu.lst ## only counts the first occurence of a kernel, not the ## alternative kernel options ## e.g. howmany=all ## howmany=7 # howmany=all ## specify if running in Xen domU or have grub detect automatically ## update-grub will ignore non-xen kernels when running in domU and vice versa ## e.g. indomU=detect ## indomU=true ## indomU=false # indomU=detect ## should update-grub create memtest86 boot option ## e.g. memtest86=true ## memtest86=false # memtest86=true ## should update-grub adjust the value of the default booted system ## can be true or false # updatedefaultentry=false ## should update-grub add savedefault to the default options ## can be true or false # savedefault=false ## ## End Default Options ## title Ubuntu 9.10, kernel 2.6.31-14-generic noresume uuid 70fcd2b0-0ee0-4fe6-9acb-322ef74c1cdf kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.31-14-generic root=UUID=9b454298-18e1-43f7-a5bc-f56e7ed5f9c6 ro quiet splash apm=on acpi=off noresume initrd /initrd.img-2.6.31-14-generic title Ubuntu 9.10, kernel 2.6.31-14-generic (recovery mode) uuid 70fcd2b0-0ee0-4fe6-9acb-322ef74c1cdf kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.31-14-generic root=UUID=9b454298-18e1-43f7-a5bc-f56e7ed5f9c6 ro sing le initrd /initrd.img-2.6.31-14-generic title Ubuntu 9.10, memtest86+ uuid 70fcd2b0-0ee0-4fe6-9acb-322ef74c1cdf kernel /memtest86+.bin ### END DEBIAN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST These are the choices that grub displays after i press ESC: Ubuntu, Linux 2-6-31-16-generic Ubuntu, Linux 2-6-31-16-generic (recovery mode) Ubuntu, Linux 2-6-31-14-generic Ubuntu, Linux 2-6-31-14-generic (recovery mode) Memory test (memtest86+) Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)

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• How do we, as a community, help encourage programming in public schools? (Or state Schools for the U

  - by NoMoreZealots

  PRIMARY MOTIVATION My office gets involved with the "First Robotics" competitions and one thing that lingers year to year is the students typically have no preparation for doing even simple programming as part of the public schools system. While the science classes provide some basic grasp of mechanical and electrical concepts, by in large computer programming gets no coverage from the curriculum. (This my be different in other areas of the country/world.) What makes it worse is there is only a short period of time you have to prepare the student's and help them design the robot. Talking to some professors from local colleges, it's a problem because you can't assume even the most basic understanding for freshman CS majors. Languages like Python, Lua and BASIC are simple enough for at least high school level students, if not younger. SCOPE So how do you get public schools to support a programming, at least to the level of "Try it in BASIC" examples that used to be at the end of a chapter in my Algebra book? At least enough to prepare them for event's such as the FIRST Robotic competitions. Which the primary objectives are to teach problem solving and team work, and to possible foster an interest in Math, Science and Engineering in general. (Not force feed to them, as some people her seem to be implying.) Edit: Why teach kids: (Since 2000 CS enrollment in US colleges has decreased by 70% while college enrollment has increased, this is a PROBLEM.) Saying there is no value in teaching someone programming in Jr./High school because they might think "they know programming." Is like saying there's no value in teaching High school science and physics, because they might decide they "know physics." Leading to abuse like: "I passed a high school physics class, I'm going to develop a Unified Quantum Gravitational Theory." Better Prepared students are better students. Instead it would allows college programs to raise the bar on the entry level courses, allowing students to be weeded out based on their understanding of more advanced material. Plus people who did poorly in that in topic in High school aren't as likely to say "I think there's money in computer's so I'll computer science." Plus if people take it in high school and decide THEN that it's not for them, it's better than them wasting their money to PAY a college to figure that out. The result is that people who take the degree are more likely to succeed and be there for the RIGHT reasons. (i.e. It's what they REALLY want to do. And that's REALLY the key to being good at anything.) Programming is like anything else, the more practice and genuine interest you have the better you get. If you start them later, they get less practice. The earlier give them the opportunity to start, the more practice they will get. All other things equal, the more practice the better the programmer.

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• What are the best programming websites on the web?

  - by lajoo

  Ok,lets have a big list here,write about the best programming websites you have approached and a description of them and they'll be added here.i'll write some websites for now: UVA Online Judge a bunch of useful programming problems are there that you could use to improve your programming. Prgrammers Heven Resources for different programming languages. SourceForge This site Has lots of open source programs available for download,it's a must-go site for a programmer. W3Schools This Websites has all you need to learn about Web-designing Languages like Java Script,Css,PHP,HTML,.... Note:This is not an advertising topic,it's just a guide for programmers to find what they need.

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• What features would you like to see added to your favorite programming language?

  - by George Edison

  Are there any features you would like to see added to a programming language? Maybe... A programming construct An extra operator A built-in function you think would be useful I realize questions like this are frowned upon, but I think this one is a genuine programming question that can be answered and the answers will spawn valuable discussion. (And it's community wiki.) Here is one of mine: How come C++ has no exponent operator, like Python's **?

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• What effects has working in rotating shifts on programming teams?

  - by eKek0

  I work in a bank, and the boss now want's that we, the programming team, work on rotating shifts. He wants that sometimes we work from 7am to 3pm, and sometimes on 11.30am to 7.30pm. He says that we will be more productive working this way, because he has worked with teams just like that and he just knows that. Nobody of the team wants this change, but we don't know how to effectively reject this new rule. I was trying to find some empirical (or almost) evidence about how rotating shifts affects performance of programming teams, and I couldn't. I had read something about rotating shifts, but not exactly about the effect of this on programming teams. Do you know any research about rotating shifts on programming teams? Did you have any experience with this kind of work? EDIT: Other teams of the company, like the database administrators team, the help desk team, the communication team or the network administrators team are already working in rotating shifts, and they don't like this but they do it anyway. I think the boss want that we work on rotating shifts too because of them, but since only we do programming I think the effects of rotating shifts could be, at least, different for us.

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• Silverlight WinDg Memory Release Issue

  - by Chris Newton

  Hi, I have used WinDbg succesfully on a number of occasions to track down and fix memory leaks (or more accurately the CLRs inability to garbage collect a released object), but am stuck with one particular control. The control is displayed within a child window and when the window is closed a reference to the control remains and cannot be garbage collected. I have resolved what I believe to be the majority of the issues that could have caused the leak, but the !gcroot of the affected object is not clear (to me at least) as to what is still holding on to this object. The ouput is always the same regardless of the content being presented in the child window: DOMAIN(03FB7238):HANDLE(Pinned):79b12f8:Root: 06704260(System.Object[])- 05719f00(System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary2[[System.IntPtr, mscorlib],[System.Object, mscorlib]])-> 067c1310(System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary2+Entry[[System.IntPtr, mscorlib],[System.Object, mscorlib]][])- 064d42b0(System.Windows.Controls.Grid)- 064d4314(System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary2[[MS.Internal.IManagedPeerBase, System.Windows],[System.Object, mscorlib]])-> 064d4360(System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary2+Entry[[MS.Internal.IManagedPeerBase, System.Windows],[System.Object, mscorlib]][])- 064d3860(System.Windows.Controls.Border)- 064d4218(System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary2[[MS.Internal.IManagedPeerBase, System.Windows],[System.Object, mscorlib]])-> 064d4264(System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary2+Entry[[MS.Internal.IManagedPeerBase, System.Windows],[System.Object, mscorlib]][])- 064d3bfc(System.Windows.Controls.ContentPresenter)- 064d3d64(System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary2[[MS.Internal.IManagedPeerBase, System.Windows],[System.Object, mscorlib]])-> 064d3db0(System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary2+Entry[[MS.Internal.IManagedPeerBase, System.Windows],[System.Object, mscorlib]][])- 064d3dec(System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary2[[System.UInt32, mscorlib],[System.Windows.DependencyObject, System.Windows]])-> 064d3e38(System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary2+Entry[[System.UInt32, mscorlib],[System.Windows.DependencyObject, System.Windows]][])- 06490b04(Insurer.Analytics.SharedResources.Controls.HistoricalKPIViewerControl) If anyone has any ideas about what could potentially be the problem, or if you require more information, please let me know. Kind Regards, Chris

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• Performance of C# method polymorphism with generics

  - by zildjohn01

  I noticed in C#, unlike C++, you can combine virtual and generic methods. For example: using System.Diagnostics; class Base { public virtual void Concrete() {Debug.WriteLine("base concrete");} public virtual void Generic<T>() {Debug.WriteLine("base generic");} } class Derived : Base { public override void Concrete() {Debug.WriteLine("derived concrete");} public override void Generic<T>() {Debug.WriteLine("derived generic");} } class App { static void Main() { Base x = new Derived(); x.Concrete(); x.Generic<PerformanceCounter>(); } } Given that any number of versions of Generic<T> could be instantiated, it doesn't look like the standard vtbl approach could be used to resolve method calls, and in fact it's not. Here's the generated code: x.Concrete(); mov ecx,dword ptr [ebp-8] mov eax,dword ptr [ecx] call dword ptr [eax+38h] x.Generic<PerformanceCounter>(); push 989A38h mov ecx,dword ptr [ebp-8] mov edx,989914h call 76A874F1 mov dword ptr [ebp-4],eax mov ecx,dword ptr [ebp-8] call dword ptr [ebp-4] The extra code appears to be looking up a dynamic vtbl according to the generic parameters, and then calling into it. Has anyone written about the specifics of this implementation? How well does it perform compared to the non-generic case?

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• Should uni provide "correct answer" after programming assignment is due?

  - by Michael Mao

  Hi all: This is my very first subjective question. And I think it is programming related - the assignment is to be written in a programming language. I am not for "getting the full marks out of a subject". I am actually not for a "correct answer", but for a "better solution", so that I can compare, and can improve. I reckon it is good that I practice programming first and check the solution later to pick up the things I've done wrong/bad. Without a "benchmark" to against, this would be much harder. Unfortunately as far as I know, not all programming subjects taught in uni would kindly provide the students with a "correct answer" in the end, after the assignment is due. One bad metaphor for this is like someone asks you a question which they don't have a clear answer themselves and hope to take advantage of your answer as the basis for their answer. Personally, I feel having a assignment solution provided by the academic staff is essential to students. I do appreciate this, and I feel I might not be the only one. I am a very proactive student in uni. I learn more, I practice more, an assignment for me is more like a challenge to achieve "the best solution I can come up with", not something "I have to pass"... The cause of this question is that for the past few days I have crafted 500+ lines of Perl code, for a tiny assignment. I feel pain when I look at my solution(not finished yet) and I feel like I am an idiot doing some crap code. I know there must be a much better solution. And I reckon it is better for the lecturer in this subject to get me one, rather than asking for an answer here, even I would shamelessly add the link to my solution apart from the assignment requirements. I know in SO, there are a lot of tutors/lecturers for programming subjects/courses. I'd like to hear your words on this question.

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• what do i need to do now that I want to take programming hobby to next level ?

  - by hohog

  i've always wanted to make games but did not start actively learning programming by myself until 1st year of university. i kept going throughout university learning new languages, showing off things i had made, while neglecting my major in Biology. Anyways, i've ended up with an Economics degree, with a portfolio of SaaS and web apps i had created so i could eat during my final year. So far, I'm getting a few interviews here and there in web programming positions. When I get a logic pretest, I fail miserably. or job requires comp sci degree. I mean I can easily design and code an entire app which I emphasize through my portfolio.... but i dont know why I am so slow at logic puzzles on prescreening interview... So what should I do now ? get certificates in languages ? go back to school and learn CS ? is it too late to get into windows programming jobs than web programming ?

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