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• Best way to do partial update content on ASP.NET

  - by kevin

  Initially i was planning to use master page for every page in my application. At the end, i found out every times the page is changed, it reload full page even it have the same master page. I have confused the frameset with the master page. Then, i have 2 ideas in my minds to achieve it by not using master page. Using iframe and set the attribute to runat server, so that i can change the page in my codebehind.(I preferred to control the page flow in server side) Make every single child page to user control. Then dynamically load it to the panel in codebehind. Please give me some advise which method is the best in ASP.NET with AJAX enabled, or other ways that is better. Thanks.

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• Azure, don't give me multiple VMs, give me one elastic VM

  - by FransBouma

  Yesterday, Microsoft revealed new major features for Windows Azure (see ScottGu's post). It all looks shiny and great, but after reading most of the material describing the new features, I still find the overall idea behind all of it flawed: why should I care on how much VMs my web app runs? Isn't that a problem to solve for the Windows Azure engineers / software? And what if I need the file system, why can't I simply get a virtual filesystem ? To illustrate my point, let's use a real example: a product website with a customer system/database and next to it a support site with accompanying database. Both are written in .NET, using ASP.NET and use a SQL Server database each. The product website offers files to download by customers, very simple. You have a couple of options to host these websites: Buy a server, place it in a rack at an ISP and run the sites on that server Use 'shared hosting' with an ISP, which means your sites' appdomains are running on the same machine, as well as the files stored, and the databases are hosted in the same server as the other shared databases. Hire a VM, install your OS of choice at an ISP, and host the sites on that VM, basically the same as the first option, except you don't have a physical server At some cloud-vendor, either host the sites 'shared' or in a VM. See above. With all of those options, scalability is a problem, even the cloud-based ones, though not due to the same reasons: The physical server solution has the obvious problem that if you need more power, you need to buy a bigger server or more servers which requires you to add replication and other overhead Shared hosting solutions are almost always capped on memory usage / traffic and database size: if your sites get too big, you have to move out of the shared hosting environment and start over with one of the other solutions The VM solution, be it a VM at an ISP or 'in the cloud' at e.g. Windows Azure or Amazon, in theory allows scaling out by simply instantiating more VMs, however that too introduces the same overhead problems as with the physical servers: suddenly more than 1 instance runs your sites. If a cloud vendor offers its services in the form of VMs, you won't gain much over having a VM at some ISP: the main problems you have to work around are still there: when you spin up more than one VM, your application must be completely stateless at any moment, including the DB sub system, because what's in memory in instance 1 might not be in memory in instance 2. This might sounds trivial but it's not. A lot of the websites out there started rather small: they were perfectly runnable on a single machine with normal memory and CPU power. After all, you don't need a big machine to run a website with even thousands of users a day. Moving these sites to a multi-VM environment will cause a problem: all the in-memory state they use, all the multi-page transitions they use while keeping state across the transition, they can't do that anymore like they did that on a single machine: state is something of the past, you have to store every byte of state in either a DB or in a viewstate or in a cookie somewhere so with the next request, all state information is available through the request, as nothing is kept in-memory. Our example uses a bunch of files in a file system. Using multiple VMs will require that these files move to a cloud storage system which is mounted in each VM so we don't have to store the files on each VM. This might require different file paths, but this change should be minor. What's perhaps less minor is the maintenance procedure in place on the new type of cloud storage used: instead of ftp-ing into a VM, you might have to update the files using different ways / tools. All in all this makes moving an existing website which was written for an environment that's based around a VM (namely .NET with its CLR) overly cumbersome and problematic: it forces you to refactor your website system to be able to be used 'in the cloud', which is caused by the limited way how e.g. Windows Azure offers its cloud services: in blocks of VMs. Offer a scalable, flexible VM which extends with my needs Instead, cloud vendors should offer simply one VM to me. On that VM I run the websites, store my DB and my files. As it's a virtual machine, how this machine is actually ran on physical hardware (e.g. partitioned), I don't care, as that's the problem for the cloud vendor to solve. If I need more resources, e.g. I have more traffic to my server, way more visitors per day, the VM stretches, like I bought a bigger box. This frees me from the problem which comes with multiple VMs: I don't have any refactoring to do at all: I can simply build my website as if it runs on my local hardware server, upload it to the VM offered by the cloud vendor, install it on the VM and I'm done. "But that might require changes to windows!" Yes, but Microsoft is Windows. Windows Azure is their service, they can make whatever change to what they offer to make it look like it's windows. Yet, they're stuck, like Amazon, in thinking in VMs, which forces developers to 'think ahead' and gamble whether they would need to migrate to a cloud with multiple VMs in the future or not. Which comes down to: gamble whether they should invest time in code / architecture which they might never need. (YAGNI anyone?) So the VM we're talking about, is that a low-level VM which runs a guest OS, or is that VM a different kind of VM? The flexible VM: .NET's CLR ? My example websites are ASP.NET based, which means they run inside a .NET appdomain, on the .NET CLR, which is a VM. The only physical OS resource the sites need is the file system, however this too is accessed through .NET. In short: all the websites see is what .NET allows the websites to see, the world as the websites know it is what .NET shows them and lets them access. How the .NET appdomain is run physically, that's the concern of .NET, not mine. This begs the question why Windows Azure doesn't offer virtual appdomains? Or better: .NET environments which look like one machine but could be physically multiple machines. In such an environment, no change has to be made to the websites to migrate them from a local machine or own server to the cloud to get proper scaling: the .NET VM will simply scale with the need: more memory needed, more CPU power needed, it stretches. What it offers to the application running inside the appdomain is simply increasing, but not fragmented: all resources are available to the application: this means that the problem of how to scale is back to where it should be: with the cloud vendor. "Yeah, great, but what about the databases?" The .NET application communicates with the database server through a .NET ADO.NET provider. Where the database is located is not a problem of the appdomain: the ADO.NET provider has to solve that. I.o.w.: we can host the databases in an environment which offers itself as a single resource and is accessible through one connection string without replication overhead on the outside, and use that environment inside the .NET VM as if it was a single DB. But what about memory replication and other problems? This environment isn't simple, at least not for the cloud vendor. But it is simple for the customer who wants to run his sites in that cloud: no work needed. No refactoring needed of existing code. Upload it, run it. Perhaps I'm dreaming and what I described above isn't possible. Yet, I think if cloud vendors don't move into that direction, what they're offering isn't interesting: it doesn't solve a problem at all, it simply offers a way to instantiate more VMs with the guest OS of choice at the cost of me needing to refactor my website code so it can run in the straight jacket form factor dictated by the cloud vendor. Let's not kid ourselves here: most of us developers will never build a website which needs a truck load of VMs to run it: almost all websites created by developers can run on just a few VMs at most. Yet, the most expensive change is right at the start: moving from one to two VMs. As soon as you have refactored your website code to run across multiple VMs, adding another one is just as easy as clicking a mouse button. But that first step, that's the problem here and as it's right there at the beginning of scaling the website, it's particularly strange that cloud vendors refuse to solve that problem and leave it to the developers to solve that. Which makes migrating 'to the cloud' particularly expensive.

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• Using SocialCounter.NET with ASP.NET MVC

  - by DigiMortal

  I found small library called SocialCounter.NET that is able to display some data from popular social sites. Although it is possible to use widgets offered by social networks there are also scenarios when you don’t want or can’t use these JavaScript based widgets. In this posting I will show you how to use SocialCounter.NET. Start with downloading SocialCounter.NET. You can also use NuGet package manager to download SocialCounter.NET. Using SocialCounter.NET is very easy as you can see from this example view: @using SocialCounter.NET; @{      ViewBag.Title = "Home Page"; } <h2>Social</h2> <p>     Twitter followers: @Counter.GetTwitterFollowersCount("gpeipman")<br />     Facebook friends: @Counter.GetFacebookFriendsCount("gpeipman")<br />     Facebook likes: @Counter.GetFacebookLikes("http://www.eindhovenmetalmeeting.nl/")<br />     Delicious saves count: @Counter.GetDeliciousSaveCount("http://youreffectiveleadership.com/")<br /> </p> And the result is shown on image on right. You can use SocialCounter.NET by example on user profile pages and on your content pages where you want to show how many people have saved current page as bookmark. SocialCounter.NET supports also LinkedIn, RSS-feeds and Google Plus accounts. In future – I hope – they will add support for more social networks to their library.

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• Creating an ASP.NET report using Visual Studio 2010 - Part 3

  - by rajbk

  We continue building our report in this three part series. Creating an ASP.NET report using Visual Studio 2010 - Part 1 Creating an ASP.NET report using Visual Studio 2010 - Part 2 Adding the ReportViewer control and filter drop downs. Open the source code for index.aspx and add a ScriptManager control. This control is required for the ReportViewer control. Add a DropDownList for the categories and suppliers. Add the ReportViewer control. The markup after these steps is shown below. <div> <asp:ScriptManager ID="smScriptManager" runat="server"> </asp:ScriptManager> <div id="searchFilter"> Filter by: Category : <asp:DropDownList ID="ddlCategories" runat="server" /> and Supplier : <asp:DropDownList ID="ddlSuppliers" runat="server" /> </div> <rsweb:ReportViewer ID="rvProducts" runat="server"> </rsweb:ReportViewer> </div> The design view for index.aspx is shown below. The dropdowns will display the categories and suppliers in the database. Changing the selection in the drop downs will cause the report to be filtered by the selections in the dropdowns. You will see how to do this in the next steps.   Attaching the RDLC to the ReportViewer control by clicking on the top right of the control, going to Report Viewer tasks and selecting Products.rdlc.   Resize the ReportViewer control by dragging at the bottom right corner. I set mine to 800px x 500px. You can also set this value in source view. Defining the data sources. We will now define the Data Source used to populate the report. Go back to the “ReportViewer Tasks” and select “Choose Data Sources” Select a “New data source..” Select “Object” and name your Data Source ID “odsProducts”   In the next screen, choose “ProductRepository” as your business object. Choose “GetProductsProjected” in the next screen.   The method requires a SupplierID and CategoryID. We will set these so that our data source gets the values from the drop down lists we defined earlier. Set the parameter source to be of type “Control” and set the ControlIDs to be ddlSuppliers and ddlCategories respectively. Your screen will look like this: We are now going to define the data source for our drop downs. Select the ddlCategory drop down and pick “Choose Data Source”. Pick “Object” and give it an id “odsCategories”   In the next screen, choose “ProductRepository” Select the GetCategories() method in the next screen.   Select “CategoryName” and “CategoryID” in the next screen. We are done defining the data source for the Category drop down. Perform the same steps for the Suppliers drop down.   Select each dropdown and set the AppendDataBoundItems to true and AutoPostback to true.     The AppendDataBoundItems is needed because we are going to insert an “All“ list item with a value of empty. Go to each drop down and add this list item markup as shown below> Finally, double click on each drop down in the designer and add the following code in the code behind. This along with the “Autopostback= true” attribute refreshes the report anytime a drop down is changed. protected void ddlCategories_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { rvProducts.LocalReport.Refresh(); }   protected void ddlSuppliers_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { rvProducts.LocalReport.Refresh(); } Compile your report and run the page. You should see the report rendered. Note that the tool bar in the ReportViewer control gives you a couple of options including the ability to export the data to Excel, PDF or word.   Conclusion Through this three part series, we did the following: Created a data layer for use by our RDLC. Created an RDLC using the report wizard and define a dataset for the report. Used the report design surface to design our report including adding a chart. Used the ReportViewer control to attach the RDLC. Connected our ReportWiewer to a data source and take parameter values from the drop downlists. Used AutoPostBack to refresh the reports when the dropdown selection was changed. RDLCs allow you to create interactive reports including drill downs and grouping. For even more advanced reports you can use Microsoft® SQL Server™ Reporting Services with RDLs. With RDLs, the report is rendered on the report server instead of the web server. Another nice thing about RDLs is that you can define a parameter list for the report and it gets rendered automatically for you. RDLCs and RDLs both have their advantages and its best to compare them and choose the right one for your requirements. Download VS2010 RTM Sample project NorthwindReports.zip   Alfred Borden: Are you watching closely?

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• AppFabric OutputCaching for ASP.NET Web API

  - by cibrax

  ASP.NET Web API does not provide any output caching capabilities out of the box other than the ones you would traditionally find in the ASP.NET caching module. Fortunately, Filip wrote a very nice library that you can use to decorate your Web API controller methods with an [OutputCaching] attribute, which is similar to the one you can find in ASP.NET MVC. This library provides a way to configure different persistence storages for the cached data, which uses memory by default. As part of this post, I will show how you can implement your own persistence provider for AppFabric in order to support distributed caching on web applications running on premises. Read more here  

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• ASP.NET - Call required field validator before AJAX modalpopup, client side

  - by odinel

  I have an ASP.NET/C# application. The user fills out a form with required fields, then clicks a submit button. An AJAX popup message is then displayed, and if they confirm, their information is posted back to the server. The problem is that the AJAX popup is fired BEFORE the req validator. I need to interrupt this and run the req validator, and then if successful show the popup. I know the req validator is working, because if you cancel the popup message, the req text is shown next to the fields. Textbox and AJAX control code is here: <table> <tr> <td>Name</td> <td> <asp:TextBox ID="txtName" runat="server" CssClass="textBox" AutoPostBack="true"></asp:TextBox> <asp:RequiredFieldValidator ID="reqName" runat="server" Text="*" ControlToValidate="txtName" ValidationGroup="trade" ForeColor="White"></asp:RequiredFieldValidator> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Address</td> <td> <asp:TextBox ID="txtAdd1" runat="server" CssClass="textBox"></asp:TextBox> <asp:RequiredFieldValidator ID="RequiredFieldValidator1" runat="server" Text="*" ControlToValidate="txtAdd1" ValidationGroup="trade" ForeColor="White"></asp:RequiredFieldValidator> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnSubmitEnquiry" runat="server" CssClass="buttonText" Text="Submit Enquiry" ValidationGroup="trade" /> </td> </tr> </table> <ajax:ModalPopupExtender ID="ModalPopupExtender1" runat="server" okcontrolid="lnkCancel" targetcontrolid="btnSubmitEnquiry" popupcontrolid="pnlConfirm" popupdraghandlecontrolid="PopupHeader" drag="true" ></ajax:ModalPopupExtender> <asp:Button Text="targetbutton" ID="btnConfTgt" runat="server" Style="display: none" /> <asp:Panel ID="pnlConfirm" style="display:none" runat="server"> <div class="PopupContainer"> <div class="PopupBody"> <br /> <div align="center"> <asp:label ID="Label1" runat="server" CssClass="lblConfirmpopup"> Message goes here </asp:label> </div> <br /><br /><br /> <div align="center"> <asp:LinkButton ID="lnkCancel" runat="server" visible="true" Text="Cancel" CommandName="Update" BorderColor="#FFFFFF" BackColor="#000000" BorderWidth="3" BorderStyle="Double" ForeColor="White" Font-Size="13pt" Font-Underline="False"></asp:LinkButton> <asp:LinkButton ID="lnkConfirm" runat="server" visible="true" Text="Submit Enquiry" CommandName="Update" BorderColor="#FFFFFF" BackColor="#000000" BorderWidth="3" BorderStyle="Double" ForeColor="White" Font-Size="13pt" Font-Underline="False" OnClick="btnSubmitEnquiry_Click"></asp:LinkButton> </div> </div> </div> </asp:Panel> I've tried coding the first submit button to call the client-side req validator method, but no joy; it still shows the popup before the req validator. If there's no simple solution, I was thinking of perhaps an 'outside the box' solution, maybe hiding the initial Submit button after the req validation has passed, then showing an additional button with the popup control attached to it. Not sure how I'd be able to achieve this though. Thanks

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• ASP.NET MVC and ViewState

  - by nickyt

  Now I've seen some questions like this, but it's not exactly what I want to ask, so for all those screaming duplicate, I apologize :). I've barely touched ASP.NET MVC but from what I understand there is no ViewState/ControlState... fine. So my question is what is the alternative to retaining a control's state? Do we go back to old school ASP where we might simulate what ASP.NET ViewState/ControlState does by creating hidden form inputs with the control's state, or with MVC, do we just assume AJAX always and retain all state client-side and make AJAX calls to update? This question has some answers, http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1285547/maintaining-viewstate-in-asp-net-mvc, but not exactly what I'm looking for in an answer. UPDATE: Thanks for all the answers so far. Just to clear up what I'm not looking for and what I'm looking for: Not looking for: Session solution Cookie solution Not looking to mimic WebForms in MVC What I am/was looking for: A method that only retains the state on postback if data is not rebound to a control. Think WebForms with the scenario of only binding a grid on the initial page load, i.e. only rebinding the data when necessary. As I mentioned, I'm not trying to mimic WebForms, just wondering what mechanisms MVC offers.

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• ASP.NET with MS Chart disable the vertical line

  - by Bayonian

  Hi, I have a graph created with MS Chart like the following picture. As you can see the vertical lines are messed up with value of the top of each bar. Here's the mark-up for the graph: <asp:Chart ID="chtNBAChampionships" runat="server"> <Series> <asp:Series Name="Championships" YValueType="Int32" ChartType="Column" ChartArea="MainChartArea" IsValueShownAsLabel="true"> <Points> <asp:DataPoint AxisLabel="Celtics" YValues="17" /> <asp:DataPoint AxisLabel="Lakers" YValues="15" /> <asp:DataPoint AxisLabel="Bulls" YValues="6" /> <asp:DataPoint AxisLabel="Spurs" YValues="4" /> <asp:DataPoint AxisLabel="76ers" YValues="3" /> <asp:DataPoint AxisLabel="Pistons" YValues="3" /> <asp:DataPoint AxisLabel="Warriors" YValues="3" /> </Points> </asp:Series> </Series> <ChartAreas> <asp:ChartArea Name="MainChartArea"> </asp:ChartArea> </ChartAreas> </asp:Chart> I don't want the display the vertical line because it's messed up with the value on top of the each bar. How can I disable the vertical line? Thank you.

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• loading an asp after starting a session

  - by Noam Smadja

  the jQuery $("#loginform").submit(function(){ $.ajax({ type: "POST", url: "loginrespajax.asp", data: $("#loginform").serialize(), success: function(){ $("#loginform").hide("slow"); $("#loginform").load("userheader.asp"); $("#loginform").show("slow"); } }); }); thats userheader.asp <div class="userlinks"> <%if (session("userlevel")) then%> <% select case session("userlevel") case 1 %> <a href="managenews.asp"><%langstring("header_news")%></a> | <a href="managebooks.asp"><%langstring("header_books")%></a> | <a href="manageusers.asp"><%langstring("manage_users")%></a> | <a href="manageorders.asp"><%langstring("manage_orders")%></a> | <a href="managelanguage.asp"><%langstring("manage_language")%></a> | <a href="youthregistration.asp"><%langstring("youthreg_header")%></a> | <a href="manageregistrants.asp"><%langstring("youthlist_header")%></a> | <% case 2 %> <a href="managenews.asp"><%langstring("header_news")%></a> | <a href="managebooks.asp"><%langstring("header_books")%></a> | <a href="youthregistration.asp"><%langstring("youthreg_header")%></a> | <a href="manageregistrants.asp"><%langstring("youthlist_header")%></a> | <% case 3 %> <a href="youthregistration.asp"><%langstring("youthreg_header")%></a> | <a href="manageregistrants.asp"><%langstring("youthlist_header")%></a> | <% End select %> <a href="editprofile.asp"><%langstring("editprofile_header")%></a> | <a href="changepassword.asp"><%langstring("changepassword_header")%></a> | <a href="logout.asp"><%langstring("logout_header")%></a> <%else%> <form action="loginrespajax.asp" method="POST" name="loginform" id="loginform" class="loginform" onSubmit="return false;"> <input type="text" name="username" value="username" class="input inline" onFocus="clearText(this);"> <input type="password" name="password" value="password" class="input inline" onFocus="clearText(this);"> <input type="submit" value="Log In" class="submit inline"> </form> <%End if%> </div> i am submiting the login form using AJAX and the jQuery partially works. it does hide and show again. but it prints the ELSE part of in userheader.asp. the session does start, for sure :)

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• Display Ajax Loader while page rendering

  - by Dean

  This is probably a simple question but how can I best use an AJAX loader in ASP.NET to provide a loading dialog whilst the page is being built? I currently have an UpdatePanel with an associated UpdateProgressPanel which contains the loading message and gif in a ProgressTemplate. Currently I have a page that onLoad() goes and gets the business entities and then displays them. While it is doing this I would like to display an AJAX loader. Would it be better to have nothing in the page load and have a hidden button that is triggered onLoadComplete or unLoad() which would then wait for the button click method to complete displaying the UpdateProgressPanel?

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• ASP.NET MVC 3: Layouts and Sections with Razor

  - by ScottGu

  This is another in a series of posts I’m doing that cover some of the new ASP.NET MVC 3 features: Introducing Razor (July 2nd) New @model keyword in Razor (Oct 19th) Layouts with Razor (Oct 22nd) Server-Side Comments with Razor (Nov 12th) Razor’s @: and <text> syntax (Dec 15th) Implicit and Explicit code nuggets with Razor (Dec 16th) Layouts and Sections with Razor (Today) In today’s post I’m going to go into more details about how Layout pages work with Razor.  In particular, I’m going to cover how you can have multiple, non-contiguous, replaceable “sections” within a layout file – and enable views based on layouts to optionally “fill in” these different sections at runtime.  The Razor syntax for doing this is clean and concise. I’ll also show how you can dynamically check at runtime whether a particular layout section has been defined, and how you can provide alternate content (or even an alternate layout) in the event that a section isn’t specified within a view template.  This provides a powerful and easy way to customize the UI of your site and make it clean and DRY from an implementation perspective. What are Layouts? You typically want to maintain a consistent look and feel across all of the pages within your web-site/application.  ASP.NET 2.0 introduced the concept of “master pages” which helps enable this when using .aspx based pages or templates.  Razor also supports this concept with a feature called “layouts” – which allow you to define a common site template, and then inherit its look and feel across all the views/pages on your site. I previously discussed the basics of how layout files work with Razor in my ASP.NET MVC 3: Layouts with Razor blog post.  Today’s post will go deeper and discuss how you can define multiple, non-contiguous, replaceable regions within a layout file that you can then optionally “fill in” at runtime. Site Layout Scenario Let’s look at how we can implement a common site layout scenario with ASP.NET MVC 3 and Razor.  Specifically, we’ll implement some site UI where we have a common header and footer on all of our pages.  We’ll also add a “sidebar” section to the right of our common site layout.  On some pages we’ll customize the SideBar to contain content specific to the page it is included on: And on other pages (that do not have custom sidebar content) we will fall back and provide some “default content” to the sidebar: We’ll use ASP.NET MVC 3 and Razor to enable this customization in a nice, clean way.  Below are some step-by-step tutorial instructions on how to build the above site with ASP.NET MVC 3 and Razor. Part 1: Create a New Project with a Layout for the “Body” section We’ll begin by using the “File->New Project” menu command within Visual Studio to create a new ASP.NET MVC 3 Project.  We’ll create the new project using the “Empty” template option: This will create a new project that has no default controllers in it: Creating a HomeController We will then right-click on the “Controllers” folder of our newly created project and choose the “Add->Controller” context menu command.  This will bring up the “Add Controller” dialog: We’ll name the new controller we create “HomeController”.  When we click the “Add” button Visual Studio will add a HomeController class to our project with a default “Index” action method that returns a view: We won’t need to write any Controller logic to implement this sample – so we’ll leave the default code as-is.  Creating a View Template Our next step will be to implement the view template associated with the HomeController’s Index action method.  To implement the view template, we will right-click within the “HomeController.Index()” method and select the “Add View” command to create a view template for our home page: This will bring up the “Add View” dialog within Visual Studio.  We do not need to change any of the default settings within the above dialog (the name of the template was auto-populated to Index because we invoked the “Add View” context menu command within the Index method).  When we click the “Add” Button within the dialog, a Razor-based “Index.cshtml” view template will be added to the \Views\Home\ folder within our project.  Let’s add some simple default static content to it: Notice above how we don’t have an <html> or <body> section defined within our view template.  This is because we are going to rely on a layout template to supply these elements and use it to define the common site layout and structure for our site (ensuring that it is consistent across all pages and URLs within the site).  Customizing our Layout File Let’s open and customize the default “_Layout.cshtml” file that was automatically added to the \Views\Shared folder when we created our new project: The default layout file (shown above) is pretty basic and simply outputs a title (if specified in either the Controller or the View template) and adds links to a stylesheet and jQuery.  The call to “RenderBody()” indicates where the main body content of our Index.cshtml file will merged into the output sent back to the browser. Let’s modify the Layout template to add a common header, footer and sidebar to the site: We’ll then edit the “Site.css” file within the \Content folder of our project and add 4 CSS rules to it: And now when we run the project and browse to the home “/” URL of our project we’ll see a page like below: Notice how the content of the HomeController’s Index view template and the site’s Shared Layout template have been merged together into a single HTML response.  Below is what the HTML sent back from the server looks like: Part 2: Adding a “SideBar” Section Our site so far has a layout template that has only one “section” in it – what we call the main “body” section of the response.  Razor also supports the ability to add additional "named sections” to layout templates as well.  These sections can be defined anywhere in the layout file (including within the <head> section of the HTML), and allow you to output dynamic content to multiple, non-contiguous, regions of the final response. Defining the “SideBar” section in our Layout Let’s update our Layout template to define an additional “SideBar” section of content that will be rendered within the <div id=”sidebar”> region of our HTML.  We can do this by calling the RenderSection(string sectionName, bool required) helper method within our Layout.cshtml file like below:   The first parameter to the “RenderSection()” helper method specifies the name of the section we want to render at that location in the layout template.  The second parameter is optional, and allows us to define whether the section we are rendering is required or not.  If a section is “required”, then Razor will throw an error at runtime if that section is not implemented within a view template that is based on the layout file (which can make it easier to track down content errors).  If a section is not required, then its presence within a view template is optional, and the above RenderSection() code will render nothing at runtime if it isn’t defined. Now that we’ve made the above change to our layout file, let’s hit refresh in our browser and see what our Home page now looks like: Notice how we currently have no content within our SideBar <div> – that is because the Index.cshtml view template doesn’t implement our new “SideBar” section yet. Implementing the “SideBar” Section in our View Template Let’s change our home-page so that it has a SideBar section that outputs some custom content.  We can do that by opening up the Index.cshtml view template, and by adding a new “SiderBar” section to it.  We’ll do this using Razor’s @section SectionName { } syntax: We could have put our SideBar @section declaration anywhere within the view template.  I think it looks cleaner when defined at the top or bottom of the file – but that is simply personal preference.  You can include any content or code you want within @section declarations.  Notice above how I have a C# code nugget that outputs the current time at the bottom of the SideBar section.  I could have also written code that used ASP.NET MVC’s HTML/AJAX helper methods and/or accessed any strongly-typed model objects passed to the Index.cshtml view template. Now that we’ve made the above template changes, when we hit refresh in our browser again we’ll see that our SideBar content – that is specific to the Home Page of our site – is now included in the page response sent back from the server: The SideBar section content has been merged into the proper location of the HTML response : Part 3: Conditionally Detecting if a Layout Section Has Been Implemented Razor provides the ability for you to conditionally check (from within a layout file) whether a section has been defined within a view template, and enables you to output an alternative response in the event that the section has not been defined.  This provides a convenient way to specify default UI for optional layout sections.  Let’s modify our Layout file to take advantage of this capability.  Below we are conditionally checking whether the “SideBar” section has been defined without the view template being rendered (using the IsSectionDefined() method), and if so we render the section.  If the section has not been defined, then we now instead render some default content for the SideBar:  Note: You want to make sure you prefix calls to the RenderSection() helper method with a @ character – which will tell Razor to execute the HelperResult it returns and merge in the section content in the appropriate place of the output.  Notice how we wrote @RenderSection(“SideBar”) above instead of just RenderSection(“SideBar”).  Otherwise you’ll get an error. Above we are simply rendering an inline static string (<p>Default SideBar Content</p>) if the section is not defined.  A real-world site would more likely refactor this default content to be stored within a separate partial template (which we’d render using the Html.RenderPartial() helper method within the else block) or alternatively use the Html.Action() helper method within the else block to encapsulate both the logic and rendering of the default sidebar. When we hit refresh on our home-page, we will still see the same custom SideBar content we had before.  This is because we implemented the SideBar section within our Index.cshtml view template (and so our Layout rendered it): Let’s now implement a “/Home/About” URL for our site by adding a new “About” action method to our HomeController: The About() action method above simply renders a view back to the client when invoked.  We can implement the corresponding view template for this action by right-clicking within the “About()” method and using the “Add View” menu command (like before) to create a new About.cshtml view template.  We’ll implement the About.cshtml view template like below. Notice that we are not defining a “SideBar” section within it: When we browse the /Home/About URL we’ll see the content we supplied above in the main body section of our response, and the default SideBar content will rendered: The layout file determined at runtime that a custom SideBar section wasn’t present in the About.cshtml view template, and instead rendered the default sidebar content. One Last Tweak… Let’s suppose that at a later point we decide that instead of rendering default side-bar content, we just want to hide the side-bar entirely from pages that don’t have any custom sidebar content defined.  We could implement this change simply by making a small modification to our layout so that the sidebar content (and its surrounding HTML chrome) is only rendered if the SideBar section is defined.  The code to do this is below: Razor is flexible enough so that we can make changes like this and not have to modify any of our view templates (nor make change any Controller logic changes) to accommodate this.  We can instead make just this one modification to our Layout file and the rest happens cleanly.  This type of flexibility makes Razor incredibly powerful and productive. Summary Razor’s layout capability enables you to define a common site template, and then inherit its look and feel across all the views/pages on your site. Razor enables you to define multiple, non-contiguous, “sections” within layout templates that can be “filled-in” by view templates.  The @section {} syntax for doing this is clean and concise.  Razor also supports the ability to dynamically check at runtime whether a particular section has been defined, and to provide alternate content (or even an alternate layout) in the event that it isn’t specified.  This provides a powerful and easy way to customize the UI of your site - and make it clean and DRY from an implementation perspective. Hope this helps, Scott P.S. In addition to blogging, I am also now using Twitter for quick updates and to share links. Follow me at: twitter.com/scottgu

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• ViewBag dynamic in ASP.NET MVC 3 - RC 2

  - by hajan

  Earlier today Scott Guthrie announced the ASP.NET MVC 3 - Release Candidate 2. I installed the new version right after the announcement since I was eager to see the new features. Among other cool features included in this release candidate, there is a new ViewBag dynamic which can be used to pass data from Controllers to Views same as you use ViewData[] dictionary. What is great and nice about ViewBag (despite the name) is that its a dynamic type which means you can dynamically get/set values and add any number of additional fields without need of strongly-typed classes. In order to see the difference, please take a look at the following examples. Example - Using ViewData Controller public ActionResult Index() {     List<string> colors = new List<string>();     colors.Add("red");     colors.Add("green");     colors.Add("blue");                 ViewData["listColors"] = colors;     ViewData["dateNow"] = DateTime.Now;     ViewData["name"] = "Hajan";     ViewData["age"] = 25;     return View(); } View (ASPX View Engine) <p>     My name is     <b><%: ViewData["name"] %></b>,     <b><%: ViewData["age"] %></b> years old.     <br />         I like the following colors: </p> <ul id="colors"> <% foreach (var color in ViewData["listColors"] as List<string>){ %>     <li>        <font color="<%: color %>"><%: color %></font>    </li> <% } %> </ul> <p>     <%: ViewData["dateNow"] %> </p> (I know the code might look cleaner with Razor View engine, but it doesn’t matter right? ;) ) Example - Using ViewBag Controller public ActionResult Index() {     List<string> colors = new List<string>();     colors.Add("red");     colors.Add("green");     colors.Add("blue");     ViewBag.ListColors = colors; //colors is List     ViewBag.DateNow = DateTime.Now;     ViewBag.Name = "Hajan";     ViewBag.Age = 25;     return View(); } You see the difference? View (ASPX View Engine) <p>     My name is     <b><%: ViewBag.Name %></b>,     <b><%: ViewBag.Age %></b> years old.     <br />         I like the following colors: </p> <ul id="colors"> <% foreach (var color in ViewBag.ListColors) { %>     <li>         <font color="<%: color %>"><%: color %></font>     </li> <% } %> </ul> <p>     <%: ViewBag.DateNow %> </p> In my example now I don’t need to cast ViewBag.ListColors as List<string> since ViewBag is dynamic type! On the other hand the ViewData[“key”] is object.I would like to note that if you use ViewData["ListColors"] = colors; in your Controller, you can retrieve it in the View by using ViewBag.ListColors. And the result in both cases is Hope you like it! Regards, Hajan

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• Creating Rich View Components in ASP.NET MVC

  - by kazimanzurrashid

  One of the nice thing of our Telerik Extensions for ASP.NET MVC is, it gives you an excellent extensible platform to create rich view components. In this post, I will show you a tiny but very powerful ListView Component. Those who are familiar with the Webforms ListView component already knows that it has the support to define different parts of the component, we will have the same kind of support in our view component. Before showing you the markup, let me show you the screenshots first, lets say you want to show the customers of Northwind database as a pagable business card style (Yes the example is inspired from our RadControls Suite) And here is the markup of the above view component. <h2>Customers</h2> <% Html.Telerik() .ListView(Model) .Name("customers") .PrefixUrlParameters(false) .BeginLayout(pager => {%> <table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="1"> <tfoot> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="t-footer"> <% pager.Render(); %> </td> </tr> </tfoot> <tbody> <tr> <%}) .BeginGroup(() => {%> <td> <%}) .Item(item => {%> <fieldset style="border:1px solid #e0e0e0"> <legend><strong>Company Name</strong>:<%= Html.Encode(item.DataItem.CompanyName) %></legend> <div> <div style="float:left;width:120px"> <img alt="<%= item.DataItem.CustomerID %>" src="<%= Url.Content("~/Content/Images/Customers/" + item.DataItem.CustomerID + ".jpg") %>"/> </div> <div style="float:right"> <ul style="list-style:none none;padding:10px;margin:0"> <li> <strong>Contact Name:</strong> <%= Html.Encode(item.DataItem.ContactName) %> </li> <li> <strong>Title:</strong> <%= Html.Encode(item.DataItem.ContactTitle) %> </li> <li> <strong>City:</strong> <%= Html.Encode(item.DataItem.City)%> </li> <li> <strong>Country:</strong> <%= Html.Encode(item.DataItem.Country)%> </li> <li> <strong>Phone:</strong> <%= Html.Encode(item.DataItem.Phone)%> </li> <li> <div style="float:right"> <%= Html.ActionLink("Edit", "Edit", new { id = item.DataItem.CustomerID }) %> <%= Html.ActionLink("Delete", "Delete", new { id = item.DataItem.CustomerID })%> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </fieldset> <%}) .EmptyItem(() =>{%> <fieldset style="border:1px solid #e0e0e0"> <legend>Empty</legend> </fieldset> <%}) .EndGroup(() => {%> </td> <%}) .EndLayout(pager => {%> </tr> </tbody> </table> <%}) .GroupItemCount(3) .PageSize(6) .Pager<NumericPager>(pager => pager.ShowFirstLast()) .Render(); %> As you can see that you have the complete control on the final angel brackets and like the webform’s version you also can define the templates. You can also use this component to show Master/Detail data, for example the customers and its order like the following: I am attaching the complete source code along with the above examples for your review, what do you think, how about creating some component with our extensions? Download: MvcListView.zip

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• Adding custom UserControl assemblies to the toolbox

  - by Neil Barnwell

  If I drag and drop an assembly, or use the Toolbox's "Choose items..." dialog, should I be choosing the debug or release version of my assemblies from their bin\ folders? I.e. is Visual Studio clever enough to work out that when I want a release build it'll reference Release built assemblies?

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• Using transactions with LINQ-to-SQL

  - by Jalpesh P. Vadgama

  Today one of my colleague asked that how we can use transactions with the LINQ-to-SQL Classes when we use more then one entities updated at same time. It was a good question. Here is my answer for that.For ASP.NET 2.0  or higher version have a new class called TransactionScope which can be used to manage transaction with the LINQ. Let’s take a simple scenario we are having a shopping cart application in which we are storing details or particular order placed into the database using LINQ-to-SQL. There are two tables Order and OrderDetails which will have all the information related to order. Order will store particular information about orders while OrderDetails table will have product and quantity of product for particular order.We need to insert data in both tables as same time and if any errors comes then it should rollback the transaction. To use TransactionScope in above scenario first we have add a reference to System.Transactions like below. After adding the transaction we need to drag and drop the Order and Order Details tables into Linq-To-SQL Classes it will create entities for that. Below is the code for transaction scope to use mange transaction with Linq Context. MyContextDataContext objContext = new MyContextDataContext(); using (System.Transactions.TransactionScope tScope = new System.Transactions.TransactionScope(TransactionScopeOption.Required)) { objContext.Order.InsertOnSubmit(Order); objContext.OrderDetails.InsertOnSumbit(OrderDetails); objContext.SubmitChanges(); tScope.Complete(); } Here it will commit transaction only if using blocks will run successfully. Hope this will help you. Technorati Tags: Linq,Transaction,System.Transactions,ASP.NET

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• Keyboard locking up in Visual Studio 2010

  - by Jim Wang

  One of the initiatives I’m involved with on the ASP.NET and Visual Studio teams is the Tactical Test Team (TTT), which is a group of testers who dedicate a portion of their time to roaming around and testing different parts of the product.  What this generally translates to is a day and a bit a week helping out with areas of the product that have been flagged as risky, or tackling problems that span both ASP.NET and Visual Studio.  There is also a separate component of this effort outside of TTT which is to help with customer scenarios and design. I enjoy being on TTT because it allows me the opportunity to look at the entire product and gain expertise in a wide range of areas.  This week, I’m looking at Visual Studio 2010 performance problems, and this gem with the keyboard in Visual Studio locking up ended up catching my attention. First of all, here’s a link to one of the many Connect bugs describing the problem: Microsoft Connect I like this problem because it really highlights the challenges of reproducing customer bugs.  There aren’t any clear steps provided here, and I don’t know a lot about your environment: not just the basics like our OS version, but also what third party plug-ins or antivirus software you might be running that might contribute to the problem.  In this case, my gut tells me that there is more than one bug here, just by the sheer volume of reports.  Here’s another thread where users talk about it: Microsoft Connect The volume and different configurations are staggering.  From a customer perspective, this is a very clear cut case of basic functionality not working in the product, but from our perspective, it’s hard to find something reproducible: even customers don’t quite agree on what causes the problem (installing ReSharper seems to cause a problem…or does it?). So this then, is the start of a QA investigation. If anybody has isolated repro steps (just comment on this post) that they can provide this will immensely help us nail down the issue(s), but I’ll be doing a multi-part series on my progress and methodologies as I look into the problem.

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• ASP.NET, Web API and ASP.NET Web Pages Open Sourced

  - by The Official Microsoft IIS Site

  More Open Source goodness from Microsoft today, with the announcement that we are open sourcing ASP.NET MVC 4, ASP.NET Web API, ASP.NET Web Pages v2 (Razor) - all with contributions - under the Apache 2.0 license. You can find the source on CodePlex , and all the details on Scott Guthrie's blog . “We will also for the first time allow developers outside of Microsoft to submit patches and code contributions that the Microsoft development team will review for potential inclusion in the products...(read more)

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• Understanding Ajax crawling of search site

  - by vacuum

  I have a couple of questions about Ajax crawling of site, which is kind of search engine itself. The base article explains the mechanism of making AJAX application crawlable. All this stuff with HTML-snapshots is clear and easy to implement, but I cant understand where will Google bot will get "the crawler finds a pretty AJAX URL"( ie www.example.com/ajax.html#key=value) to work with. First thing, that came on mind - is breadcrumb. In sitemap we can specify pages with breadcrumb on it. so bot will go to these pages and get HTML-snapshots from here. But I'm sure, there are exists other ways to give bot this "pretty AJAX URL". In our case, we have simple search site, where user enters keyword, presses "Find", js execute Ajax request, receives JSON reponce and fill page with results(without any refresh of course). In this case - how to make google bot crawle all the presults in addition to sitemap? Is there some example of solution, described in article above?

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• How to host customer developed code server side

  - by user963263

  I'm developing a multi-tenant web application, most likely using ASP.NET MVC5 and Web API. I have used business applications in the past where it was possible to upload custom DLL's or paste in custom code to a GUI to have custom functions run server side. These applications were self hosted and single-tenant though so the customer developed bits didn't impact other clients. I want to host the multi-tenant web application myself and allow customers to upload custom code that will run server side. This could be for things like custom web services that client side JavaScript could interact with, or it could be for automation steps that they want triggered server side asynchronously when a user takes a particular action. Additionally, I want to expose an API that allows customers' code to interact with data specific to the web application itself. Client code may need to be "wrapped" so that it has access to appropriate references - to our custom API and maybe to a white list of approved libraries. There are several issues to consider - security, performance (infinite loops, otherwise poorly written code, load balancing, etc.), receive compiled DLL's or require raw code, etc. Is there an established pattern for this sort of thing or a sample project anyone can point to? Or any general recommendations?

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• Why won't my AJAX controls work? (and ajax for .net 4 not working?)

  - by Nicklamort

  I'm totally new to ajax. I'm using VS2005. I just downloaded .NET framework 4 and so then I downloaded ajaxcontroltoolkit.binary.net4 via [http://ajaxcontroltoolkit.codeplex.com/releases/view/43475] (as opposed to ajaxcontroltoolkit.binary.net35 for .NET 3.5), but when I try to load the ajaxcontroltoolkit.dll into my toolbox (as said in the tutorials), I get the following error msg: "'C:......\ajaxcontroltoolkit.dll' is not a microsoft .NET module." First question: Why is this happening? So I tried downloading the "Recommended" ajaxcontroltoolkit.binary.net35, and it accepted the .dll file and loaded all my controls. So, I started a new website and tried to check out a combobox, and it displays, but IE is giving the follow error msg: 'Sys.Extended.UI.PositioningMode.BottomLeft' is null or not an object.' 2nd question: Why is this happening? LOL Thank you. <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %> <%@ Register Assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" Namespace="System.Web.UI" TagPrefix="asp" %> <%@ Register Assembly="AjaxControlToolkit" Namespace="AjaxControlToolkit" TagPrefix="ajx" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" > <head runat="server"> <title>Untitled Page</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <asp:ScriptManager runat="server"> </asp:ScriptManager> <ajx:ComboBox ID="ComboBox1" runat="server"> </ajx:ComboBox> </div> </form> </body> </html> Here is my web.config: <?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration> <configSections> <sectionGroup name="system.web.extensions" type="System.Web.Configuration.SystemWebExtensionsSectionGroup, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35"> <sectionGroup name="scripting" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingSectionGroup, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35"> <section name="scriptResourceHandler" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingScriptResourceHandlerSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/> <sectionGroup name="webServices" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingWebServicesSectionGroup, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35"> <section name="jsonSerialization" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingJsonSerializationSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="Everywhere"/> <section name="profileService" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingProfileServiceSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/> <section name="authenticationService" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingAuthenticationServiceSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/> </sectionGroup> </sectionGroup> </sectionGroup> </configSections> <appSettings/> <connectionStrings/> <system.web> <pages> <controls> <add tagPrefix="ajaxToolkit" namespace="AjaxControlToolkit" assembly="AjaxControlToolkit"/> <add tagPrefix="asp" namespace="System.Web.UI" assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35"/> <add tagPrefix="asp" namespace="System.Web.UI.WebControls" assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> </controls> </pages> <compilation debug="true"> <assemblies> <add assembly="System.Design, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B03F5F7F11D50A3A"/> <add assembly="System.Windows.Forms, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/> <add assembly="System.Data.DataSetExtensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/> <add assembly="System.Xml.Linq, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/> <add assembly="System.Web.Extensions.Design, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> <add assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> <add assembly="System.Core, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/> <add assembly="System.Data.Linq, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/> </assemblies> </compilation> <httpHandlers> <remove verb="*" path="*.asmx"/> <add verb="*" path="*.asmx" validate="false" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> <add verb="*" path="*_AppService.axd" validate="false" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> <add verb="GET,HEAD" path="ScriptResource.axd" validate="false" type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptResourceHandler, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> </httpHandlers> <httpModules> <add name="ScriptModule" type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptModule, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> </httpModules> <authentication mode="Windows"/> </system.web> <system.webServer> <validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration="false"/> <modules> <remove name="ScriptModule"/> <add name="ScriptModule" preCondition="managedHandler" type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptModule, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> </modules> <handlers> <remove name="WebServiceHandlerFactory-Integrated"/> <remove name="ScriptHandlerFactory"/> <remove name="ScriptHandlerFactoryAppServices"/> <remove name="ScriptResource"/> <add name="ScriptHandlerFactory" verb="*" path="*.asmx" preCondition="integratedMode" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> <add name="ScriptHandlerFactoryAppServices" verb="*" path="*_AppService.axd" preCondition="integratedMode" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> <add name="ScriptResource" verb="GET,HEAD" path="ScriptResource.axd" preCondition="integratedMode" type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptResourceHandler, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> </handlers> </system.webServer> </configuration>

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• Multi-tenant ASP.NET MVC - Views

  - by zowens

  Part I – Introduction Part II – Foundation Part III – Controllers   So far we have covered the basic premise of tenants and how they will be delegated. Now comes a big issue with multi-tenancy, the views. In some applications, you will not have to override views for each tenant. However, one of my requirements is to add extra views (and controller actions) along with overriding views from the core structure. This presents a bit of a problem in locating views for each tenant request. I have chosen quite an opinionated approach at the present but will coming back to the “views” issue in a later post. What’s the deal? The path I’ve chosen is to use precompiled Spark views. I really love Spark View Engine and was planning on using it in my project anyways. However, I ran across a really neat aspect of the source when I was having a look under the hood. There’s an easy way to hook in embedded views from your project. There are solutions that provide this, but they implement a special Virtual Path Provider. While I think this is a great solution, I would rather just have Spark take care of the view resolution. The magic actually happens during the compilation of the views into a bin-deployable DLL. After the views are compiled, the are simply pulled out of the views DLL. Each tenant has its own views DLL that just has “.Views” appended after the assembly name as a convention. The list of reasons for this approach are quite long. The primary motivation is performance. I’ve had quite a few performance issues in the past and I would like to increase my application’s performance in any way that I can. My customized build of Spark removes insignificant whitespace from the HTML output so I can some some bandwidth and load time without having to deal with whitespace removal at runtime.   How to setup Tenants for the Host In the source, I’ve provided a single tenant as a sample (Sample1). This will serve as a template for subsequent tenants in your application. The first step is to add a “PostBuildStep” installer into the project. I’ve defined one in the source that will eventually change as we focus more on the construction of dependency containers. The next step is to tell the project to run the installer and copy the DLL output to a folder in the host that will pick up as a tenant. Here’s the code that will achieve it (this belongs in Post-build event command line field in the Build Events tab of settings) %systemroot%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\installutil "$(TargetPath)" copy /Y "$(TargetDir)$(TargetName)*.dll" "$(SolutionDir)Web\Tenants\" copy /Y "$(TargetDir)$(TargetName)*.pdb" "$(SolutionDir)Web\Tenants\" The DLLs with a name starting with the target assembly name will be copied to the “Tenants” folder in the web project. This means something like MultiTenancy.Tenants.Sample1.dll and MultiTenancy.Tenants.Sample1.Views.dll will both be copied along with the debug symbols. This is probably the simplest way to go about this, but it is a tad inflexible. For example, what if you have dependencies? The preferred method would probably be to use IL Merge to merge your dependencies with your target DLL. This would have to be added in the build events. Another way to achieve that would be to simply bypass Visual Studio events and use MSBuild.   I also got a question about how I was setting up the controller factory. Here’s the basics on how I’m setting up tenants inside the host (Global.asax) protected void Application_Start() { RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes); // create a container just to pull in tenants var topContainer = new Container(); topContainer.Configure(config => { config.Scan(scanner => { scanner.AssembliesFromPath(Path.Combine(Server.MapPath("~/"), "Tenants")); scanner.AddAllTypesOf<IApplicationTenant>(); }); }); // create selectors var tenantSelector = new DefaultTenantSelector(topContainer.GetAllInstances<IApplicationTenant>()); var containerSelector = new TenantContainerResolver(tenantSelector); // clear view engines, we don't want anything other than spark ViewEngines.Engines.Clear(); // set view engine ViewEngines.Engines.Add(new TenantViewEngine(tenantSelector)); // set controller factory ControllerBuilder.Current.SetControllerFactory(new ContainerControllerFactory(containerSelector)); } The code to setup the tenants isn’t actually that hard. I’m utilizing assembly scanners in StructureMap as a simple way to pull in DLLs that are not in the AppDomain. Remember that there is a dependency on the host in the tenants and a tenant cannot simply be referenced by a host because of circular dependencies.   Tenant View Engine TenantViewEngine is a simple delegator to the tenant’s specified view engine. You might have noticed that a tenant has to define a view engine. public interface IApplicationTenant { .... IViewEngine ViewEngine { get; } } The trick comes in specifying the view engine on the tenant side. Here’s some of the code that will pull views from the DLL. protected virtual IViewEngine DetermineViewEngine() { var factory = new SparkViewFactory(); var file = GetType().Assembly.CodeBase.Without("file:///").Replace(".dll", ".Views.dll").Replace('/', '\\'); var assembly = Assembly.LoadFile(file); factory.Engine.LoadBatchCompilation(assembly); return factory; } This code resides in an abstract Tenant where the fields are setup in the constructor. This method (inside the abstract class) will load the Views assembly and load the compilation into Spark’s “Descriptors” that will be used to determine views. There is some trickery on determining the file location… but it works just fine.   Up Next There’s just a few big things left such as StructureMap configuring controllers with a convention instead of specifying types directly with container construction and content resolution. I will also try to find a way to use the Web Forms View Engine in a multi-tenant way we achieved with the Spark View Engine without using a virtual path provider. I will probably not use the Web Forms View Engine personally, but I’m sure some people would prefer using WebForms because of the maturity of the engine. As always, I love to take questions by email or on twitter. Suggestions are always welcome as well! (Oh, and here’s another link to the source code).

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• ASP MVC Ajax Controller pattern?

  - by Kevin Won

  My MVC app tends to have a lot of ajax calls (via JQuery.get()). It's sort of bugging me that my controller is littered with many tiny methods that get called via ajax. It seems to me to be sort of breaking the MVC pattern a bit--the controller is now being more of a data access component then a URI router. I refactored so that I have my 'true' controller for a page just performing standard routing responses (returing ActionResponse objects). So a call to /home/ will obviously kick up the HomeController class that will respond in the canonical controller fashion by returning a plain-jane View. I then moved my ajax stuff into a new controller class whose name I'm prefacing with 'Ajax'. So, for example, my page might have three different sections of functionality (say shopping cart or user account). I have an ajax controller for each of these (AjaxCartController, AjaxAccountController). There is really nothing different about moving the ajax call stuff into its own class--it's just to keep things cleaner. on client side obviously the JQuery would then use this new controller thusly: //jquery pseudocode call to specific controller that just handles ajax calls $.get('AjaxAccount/Details'.... (1) is there a better pattern in MVC for responding to ajax calls? (2) It seems to me that the MVC model is a bit leaky when it comes to ajax--it's not really 'controlling' stuff. It just happens to be the best and least painful way of handling ajax calls (or am I ignorant)? In other words, the 'Controller' abstraction doesn't seem to play nice with Ajax (at least from a patterns perspective). Is there something I'm missing?

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• Jquery .ajax async postback on C# UserControl

  - by tnriverfish

  I'm working on adding a todo list to a project system and would like to have the todo creation trigger a async postback to update the database. I'd really like to host this in a usercontrol so I can drop the todo list onto a project page, task page or stand alone todo list page. Here's what I have. User Control "TodoList.ascx" which lives in the Controls directory. The script that sits at the top of the UserControl. You can see where I started building jsonText to postback but when that didn't work I just tried posting back an empty data variable and removed the 'string[] items' variable from the AddTodo2 method. <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { // Add the page method call as an onclick handler for the div. $("#divAddButton").click(function() { var jsonText = JSON.stringify({ tdlId: 1, description: "test test test" }); //data: jsonText, $.ajax({ type: "POST", url: "TodoList.aspx/AddTodo2", data: "{}", contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8", dataType: "json", success: function(msg) { alert('retrieved'); $("#divAddButton").text(msg.d); }, error: function() { alert("error"); } }); }); });</script> The rest of the code on the ascx. <div class="divTodoList"> <asp:PlaceHolder ID="phTodoListCreate" runat="server"> <div class="divTLDetail"> <div>Description</div> <div><asp:TextBox ID="txtDescription" runat="server"></asp:TextBox></div> <div>Active</div> <div><asp:CheckBox ID="cbActive" runat="server" /></div> <div>Access Level</div> <div><asp:DropDownList ID="ddlAccessLevel" runat="server"></asp:DropDownList></div> </div> </asp:PlaceHolder> <asp:PlaceHolder ID="phTodoListDisplayHeader" runat="server"> <div id="divTLHeader"> <asp:HyperLink ID="hlHeader" runat="server"></asp:HyperLink> </div> </asp:PlaceHolder> <asp:PlaceHolder ID="phTodoListItems" runat="server"> <div class="divTLItems> <asp:Literal ID="litItems" runat="server"></asp:Literal> </div> </asp:PlaceHolder> <asp:PlaceHolder ID="phAddTodo" runat="server"> <div class="divTLAddItem"> <div id="divAddButton">Add Todo</div> <div id="divAddText"><asp:TextBox ID="txtNewTodo" runat="server"></asp:TextBox></div> </div> </asp:PlaceHolder> <asp:Label ID="lbTodoListId" runat="server" style="display:none;"></asp:Label></div> To test the idea I created a /TodoList.aspx page that lives in the root directory. <uc1:TodoList runat="server" ID="tdl1" TodoListId="1" ></uc1:TodoList> The cs for the todolist.aspx protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { SecurityManager sm = new SecurityManager(); sm.MemberLevelAccessCheck(MemberLevelKey.AreaAdmin); } public static string AddTodo2() { return "yea!"; } My hope is that I can have a control that can be used to display multiple todo lists and create a brand new todo list as well. When I click on the #divAddButton I can watch it build the postback in firebug but once it completes it runs the error portion by alerting 'error'. I can't see why. I'd really rather have the response method live inside the user control as well. Since I'll be dropping it on several pages to keep from having to go put a method on each individual page. Any help would be appreciated.

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• ASP and Windows User Logon

  - by Poku

  Hey, I want to use the Windows logon information to check if a user can use my "classic asp" site. So if the user is logon at a certain Windows Domain network he/she can enter the site and i can use this persons Windows logon information on my asp site. I know its possible with ASP.NET but is it also possible with "classic asp", if yes, how?

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• Integrating ASP.NET MVC 2 with classic ASP

  - by David Lively

  I'm in the process of moving a large classic ASP application to ASP.NET MVC 2. Questions: My question is about project organization. I would prefer to not mix the MVC code with the ASP code in the same VS project. I'd like to have an MVC WAP with areas that match the parts of the website that I'm migrating. For instance, the old site has a folder /products/default.asp..... /products/productName/default.asp etc. In the MVC WAP, I'd like to have an area called "products", which I could then, either through a rewrite, routing, or preferably through some IIS configuration, point the "products" folder on the ASP site to. In this way, I could gradually move root folders from the ASP site to the MVC application. However, if I create the MVC WAP in a virtual folder, then my routes wind up looking like http://localhost/virtualFolder/products instead of http://localhost/products Any suggestions on how to conquer this? I know that, during deployment, I could deploy the MVC WAP into the root of the ASP site, but this doesn't help with debugging.

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