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  • Publish/Subscribe paradigm: Why must message classes not know about their subscribers?

    - by carleeto
    From Wikipedia: "Publish/subscribe (or pub/sub) is a messaging paradigm where senders (publishers) of messages are not programmed to send their messages to specific receivers (subscribers). Rather, published messages are characterized into classes, without knowledge of what (if any) subscribers there may be" I can understand why a sender must not be programmed to send its message to a specific receiver. But why must published messages be classes that do not have knowledge of their subscribers? It would seem that once the messaging system itself is in place, what typically changes as software evolves is the messages sent, the publishers and the receivers. Keeping the messages separate from the subscribers seems to imply that the subscription model might also change. Is this the reason? Also, does this occur in the real world? I realize this may be a basic question, but I'm trying to understand this paradigm and your replies are very much appreciated.

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  • Why my USB mouse get suspended after 3 seconds of inactivity?

    - by Vi.
    Mouse's bottom LED goes off after 3 seconds after connection and cursor movements and wheel stops. Pressing any button, reconnecting or resetting USB device resumes it for another 3 seconds (when resumed by pressing button, this event does no go to X). This happens when using any of USB ports. This mouse works well with other computer with Linux. It was working well before. Why can it happen? How to fix it? Update: It happens only if laptop is on battery. Answer: this is caused by powersaving done by laptop-mode-tools. To temporary turn off powersaving one can use for i in /sys/bus/usb/devices/*/power/control; do echo on > $i; done

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  • Why is BigDecimal.equals specified to compare both value and scale individually?

    - by bacar
    This is not a question about how to compare two BigDecimal objects - I know that you can use compareTo instead of equals to do that, since equals is documented as: Unlike compareTo, this method considers two BigDecimal objects equal only if they are equal in value and scale (thus 2.0 is not equal to 2.00 when compared by this method). The question is: why has the equals been specified in this seemingly counter-intuitive manner? That is, why is it important to be able to distinguish between 2.0 and 2.00? It seems likely that there must be a reason for this, since the Comparable documentation, which specifies the compareTo method, states: It is strongly recommended (though not required) that natural orderings be consistent with equals I imagine there must be a good reason for ignoring this recommendation.

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  • Why is my computer running slower after I just installed more RAM and a new HDD?

    - by hopla
    I just bought 4 GB of ram (2x2GB) and a 1TB hard drive and installed them, upgrading from my original 1GB RAM and 250GB HDD. I put the 2GB sticks in 1st and 3rd slots and the 1GB stick in 2nd. Now with my new ram and HDD my computer is running MUCH slower and I dont know why. I've tried restarting just to see what happens and I noticed that even the Windows XP starting music is lagging. If anyone could help that would be fantastic. It's hard even to type this out.

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  • IIS asks for login/pass when accessed using hostname but not when ‘localhost’ is used. Why?

    - by sb
    Hi All, I have setup IIS on my xp machine and have setup a default homepage (that comes with the IIS installed). It is a help page I think. when I access the page with http : // localhost it works fine (IE/Chrome or FF) but when I access it using http://hostname it prompts for a loging/password and works when I enter my domain id and password on the intranet. I have ensured that "anonymous access" is enabled in the properties window of the default site and "websites" node. I searched stack overflow for similar queries but some indicate I need to change the IE/FF settings to allow "integrated security" etc and some suggest to look at the "log file". I don't want to change the IE setting and there is nothing unusual in the log file of the IIS Server. Can anybody help me figure out why this is happening? thank you sb

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  • why a .net 1.1 code gets compiled in 2.0 and throws an error?

    - by Sanjeev
    Hi I have a web projects which is build in VS2003/1.1 framework and deployed in a webserver with IIS setting specified to 1.1 framework.lets say project X I also have another web project which is build with VS2008/2.0. IIS setting - ASP version 2.0 is selected and all pages are assigned to run with 2.0* dlls. Lets say project Y Now the problem seem to be when I hit project x, sometimes it throws errors like "error BC30456: 'Initialize Culture' is not a member of 'ASP.**" During troubleshooting this issue, I browsed through 2.0 Temporary ASP.Net files "C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Temporary ASP.NET Files\" and found temp files generated for project X. (HUH?) How/why 1.1 project gets compiled in 2.0 only when it errors out.( or we could put it this way that it errors out every time it gets compiled in 2.0 which it is not supposed to) I'm confused as to why this is happening when project X has nothing to do with .net 2.0.

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  • Why are special characters such as "carriage return" represented as "^M"?

    - by dotancohen
    Why is ^M used to represent a carriage return in VIM and other contexts? My guess is that M is the 13th letter of the Latin alphabet and a carriage return is \x0D or decimal 13. Is this the reason? Is this representation documented anywhere? I notice that Tab is represented by ^I, which is the ninth letter of the Latin alphabet. Conversely, Tab is \x09 or decimal 9, which supports my theory stated above. However, where might this be documented as fact?

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  • Access logs show someone "GET"ing a random ip, why does this return 200?

    - by Wilduck
    I have a small linux box set up with Apache as a way to teach myself Apache. I've set up port forwarding on my router so it's accessible from the outside world, and I've gotten a few strange requests for pages that don't exist from an ip address in China. Looking at my access_log shows that most of these return 404 errors, which I'm guessing is a good thing. However, there is one request that looks like this: 58.218.204.110 - - [25/Dec/2010:19:05:25 -600] "GET http://173.201.161.57/ HTTP/1.1" 200 3895 I'm curious what this request means... That ip address is unconnected to my server as far as I know, and visiting it simply tells me information about my uid. So, my questions are: How is it that this request is showing up in my access_log, why is it returning 200, and is this a bad thing (do I need to set up more security)?

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  • WOFF Fonts, what Are they and why should I care?

    - by CS
    So mozilla has proposed a new webfont, i'm not really into that world, but i want to keep myself up2date. So whats the great thing since even Microsoft is backing it, why should I as a webdev care? Whats the difference from the old ones? Do we need another font system? In what situations should i use WOFF? Why not just stick to the existing ones? Also a new tag called WOFF might be useful.

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  • Why is this Python class copying another class contents?

    - by fjfnaranjo
    Hello guys. I'm trying to understand an estrange behavior in Python. I have the next python code: class IntContainer: listOfInts = [] def __init__(self, initListOfInts): for i in initListOfInts: self.listOfInts.append(i) def printInts(self): print self.listOfInts if __name__ == "__main__": intsGroup1 = [1,2,3,4] intsGroup2 = [4,5,6,7] intsGroups = [intsGroup1,intsGroup2] intsContainers = [] for ig in intsGroups: newIntContainer = IntContainer(ig) intsContainers.append(newIntContainer) for ic in intsContainers: print ic.listOfInts I expect to get something like: [1, 2, 3, 4] [4, 5, 6, 7] But i get: [1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 7] [1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 7] I have check the next question: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1876905/why-is-python-reusing-a-class-instance-inside-in-function And a lot of Python reference, but I can not understand what is happening. I think is related with the newIntContainer identifier reutilization, but I do not understand it deeply. Why Python appears to reused the last reference for the new object, even if I have added it to a permanent list? What can I do to resolve this behavior? Thanks ;)

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  • Why can't I access a webserver through a load balancer on my local network?

    - by Karptonite
    When I try to use curl (or wget, lynx, etc) to connect from a server on our local network to our website, which is on a local server behind a CoyotePoint load balancer, curl fails. Ping does not have this problem. When I curl directly to any of the servers behind that load balancer (from and to the same local network), I also have no problem. It doesn't matter whether the local server I'm curling from is behind the load balancer or not. Does anyone have any idea why I can't access my webserver through the load balancer on my local network?

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  • Why SQL Server Express 2008 install requires Visual Studio 2008 in checklist ?

    - by asksuperuser
    When installing SQL Server Express Edition 2008, checklist says "Previous version of Visual Studio 2008" and asked me to upgrade to sp1. Unfortunately sp1 for some reason refuses to install on my brand new pc (Windows 7). So why can't I just bypass this ? Why would SQL Server Express needs VS2008 to install that's insane. SQL Server install used to be as easy as 123, now it has become a nightmare like installing Oracle. Will I have to go back to Windows XP ?

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  • Why Resource (.resx) file added on merely changing Form size and on adding button which is not resou

    - by Muhammad Kashif Nadeem
    1- Resource files suppose to be added on adding some resource in application like image or audio or video etc. But if I just change size of form a .resx file under that particular form. Changing size of form does not add any resource so why this .resx file. 2- I dropped a button on form and a resource file is included again this button is not some kind of resource, it is object created and having information in designer file. 3- A resource file added on dropping button on form but if I delete this resource file and run application it compile and run with NO error and button is still there. If this button has any relation with resource file then there must by some kind of compile or runtime error AND if .resx file has nothing to do with button then why it was added? I am using VS 2008. Thanks in advance for the help

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  • Why does moving large folders take a lot of time?

    - by acidzombie24
    What can i do to fix this? Drop permission properties? I have a large folder with 100k files. I moved it into my archive folder and its taking forever to move. Why is that? I know on XP it takes <1sec but not on windows 7. I am sure its a permission thing, is there a way i can disable it and make it faster? -edit- I am moving the folder into another in the same drive/partition. In XP. AFAIK it just moves the folder file from one place to another. In windows 7, it seems like its touching something in every file when i move it.

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  • Why can a network address not be a valid host address?

    - by Goblinlord
    So... I have studied for CCNA and such and been working with IP networking at the least the past 8 years or so. I have always seen and been told that the network address for a subnet is not a valid host address. Now first I will start by saying I know this is true. My question is more... is there a technical reason it can not be used or was it just arbitrarily agreed upon when the specification was designed? I understand why a broadcast address can not be used (because it is ACTUALLY used). The thing is when I see a network address used it is normally only in routing which is specifically using NETWORK addresses. This being the case, (network addresses being used only when you are expecting a network address) is there some technical reason that they could not have the network address be an actual valid host address?

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  • Why doesn't disabling IE's 'Protected Mode' enable the dragging-and-dropping of addresses from the IE address bar into Notepad

    - by dumbledad
    IE's Protected Mode prevents one dragging the address from the IE address bar into other applications (for example Notepad). There's an informative article on MSDN about Allowing Drag and Drop Operations in your Application. If I uncheck Enable Protected Mode in IE's settings and restart IE I still cannot drag the address from the IE address bar into other Notepad. Why doesn't disabling IE's 'Protected Mode' enable the dragging-and-dropping of addresses from the IE address bar into Notepad? Is there a way to make that work without adding a registry entry for Notepad (following the instructions in the article I mentioned)? (N.B. This is actually part of me trying to work out how to get this address drag-and-drop working in Processing.)

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  • Why does changing a truecrypt password take such a long time?

    - by Alex
    I am changing the password of a truecrypt file container. This takes around 1 minute. Why? time truecrypt --text --change /tmp/user1.tc --keyfiles= --new-keyfiles= --password=known --new-password=known --random-source=/dev/null" If I use strace I see that it basically does not do anything: it simply reads lots of random data from /dev/urandom (even if i specified /dev/null as random source) and finally changes the password: open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY) = 6 read(6, "\36&{\351\212\212\343\202\34\313\242\312I\326\235\245\224\300\354O)\270Q\200 \201J\227\224\311_\212\367"..., 640) = 640 close(6) = 0

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  • why this httaccess code results into a redirect loop?

    - by user3606997
    Here I am stuck with my htaccess code. I have been trying to figure it out for the last 11 hours why am I getting a redirect loop for the below code. Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks RewriteEngine on #Check for no www or www RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^dummysite.com$ [or] RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www.dummysite.com$ [NC] RewriteRule . - [E=FIRSTPART:true] # IE 6 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} !MSIE\s6 RewriteCond %{ENV:FIRSTPART} true RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://www.dummysite.com/$1 [R=302,L] Why the above code results into a redirect loop? EDIT: What I actually want is that if the user is from IE6 then he should be redirected to http version with www as prefix no matter if he types www or not in the url. And on the other hand if the user is from any other browsers then he should be redirected to a https version with www as prefix no matter if he types www in the url or not.

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  • Why does using 2 memory sticks cause my computer to crash?

    - by hi
    My computer randomly crashes when playing games, but if I remove one memory stick (it does not matter which one I remove), it does not crash anymore. Memory tests do not find errors, I just put in a new power supply (650W), I only have 1 graphics card, so why is this happening? BTW, they are the same memory, same vendor same specs, everything I bought it together (2x2GB) My motherboard is a Asus P5Q Pro, so it supports both dual channel and more than 4gb. Switching slots does nothing, as long as I don't use more than 1 I'm fine.

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  • Why is My Google Chat get Blocked (by corporate firewall) somedays but not others? [closed]

    - by Peter
    I have noticed that some days I am able to chat while using Gmail, and other days I am not. It would make sense to me that I would either always be blocked, or never. But I can't figure out why it seems to change daily or weekly. Is Google constantly changing the URLs involved so that the censoring companies (they use websense where I work) have to play catch up? Or is there some other reason I'm missing? I am more interested in the technical reason it is might be happening than in an actual work around.

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  • why does my google chat get blocked (by corporate firewall) somedays but not others?

    - by Peter
    I have noticed that some days I am able to chat while using Gmail, and other days I am not. It would make sense to me that I would either always be blocked, or never. But I can't figure out why it seems to change daily or weekly. Is Google constantly changing the URLs involved so that the censoring companies (they use websense where I work) have to play catch up? Or is there some other reason I'm missing? I am more interested in the technical reason it is might be happening than in an actual work around.

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  • Why OS X use swap when there is lots of "inactive memory"?

    - by Balchev
    I am using OS X from few months (Lion and now Mountain Lion). I have 8 GB on my mini and almost daily now it get close to that. On Windows 7 machine with 8 GB I never had that kind of problem. Anyway, I read over the net, that the inactive memory is app cache of the programs that are recently closed and can be used for faster reopening.And this inactive memory can be released to a new app if needed. It is not released. Instead OS X starts swapping. So my question is why OS X use swap when there is lots of "inactive memory"? Here a screen that shows what I mean: I really hope there is a away to make OS X to use those 2.69 GB before start swapping.I really do.

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