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• Returning Identity Value in SQL Server: @@IDENTITY Vs SCOPE_IDENTITY Vs IDENT_CURRENT

  - by Arefin Ali

  We have some common misconceptions on returning the last inserted identity value from tables. To return the last inserted identity value we have options to use @@IDENTITY or SCOPE_IDENTITY or IDENT_CURRENT function depending on the requirement but it will be a real mess if anybody uses anyone of these functions without knowing exact purpose. So here I want to share my thoughts on this. @@IDENTITY, SCOPE_IDENTITY and IDENT_CURRENT are almost similar functions in terms of returning identity value. They all return values that are inserted into an identity column. Earlier in SQL Server 7 we used to use @@IDENTITY to return the last inserted identity value because those days we don’t have functions like SCOPE_IDENTITY or IDENT_CURRENT but now we have these three functions. So let’s check out which one responsible for what. IDENT_CURRENT returns the last inserted identity value in a particular table. It never depends on a connection or the scope of the insert statement. IDENT_CURRENT function takes a table name as parameter. Here is the syntax to get the last inserted identity value in a particular table using IDENT_CURRENT function. SELECT IDENT_CURRENT('Employee') Both the @@IDENTITY and SCOPE_IDENTITY return the last inserted identity value created in any table in the current session. But there is little difference between these two i.e. SCOPE_IDENTITY returns value inserted only within the current scope whereas @@IDENTITY is not limited to any particular scope. Here are the syntaxes to get the last inserted identity value using these functions SELECT @@IDENTITY SELECT SCOPE_IDENTITY() Now let’s have a look at the following example. Suppose I have two tables called Employee and EmployeeLog. CREATE TABLE Employee ( EmpId NUMERIC(18, 0) IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, EmpName VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, EmpSal FLOAT NOT NULL, DateOfJoining DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT(GETDATE()) ) CREATE TABLE EmployeeLog ( EmpId NUMERIC(18, 0) IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, EmpName VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, EmpSal FLOAT NOT NULL, DateOfJoining DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT(GETDATE()) ) I have an insert trigger defined on the table Employee which inserts a new record in the EmployeeLog whenever a record insert in the Employee table. So Suppose I insert a new record in the Employee table using following statement: INSERT INTO Employee (EmpName,EmpSal) VALUES ('Arefin','1') The trigger will be fired automatically and insert a record in EmployeeLog. Here the scope of the insert statement and the trigger are different. In this situation if I retrieve last inserted identity value using @@IDENTITY, it will simply return the identity value from the EmployeeLog because it’s not limited to a particular scope. Now if I want to get the Employee table’s identity value then I need to use SCOPE_IDENTITY in this scenario. So the moral is always use SCOPE_IDENTITY to return the identity value of a recently created record in a sql statement or stored procedure. It’s safe and ensures bug free code.

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• Returning Identity Value in SQL Server: @@IDENTITY Vs SCOPE_IDENTITY Vs IDENT_CURRENT

  - by Arefin Ali

  We have some common misconceptions on returning the last inserted identity value from tables. To return the last inserted identity value we have options to use @@IDENTITY or SCOPE_IDENTITY or IDENT_CURRENT function depending on the requirement but it will be a real mess if anybody uses anyone of these functions without knowing exact purpose. So here I want to share my thoughts on this. @@IDENTITY, SCOPE_IDENTITY and IDENT_CURRENT are almost similar functions in terms of returning identity value. They all return values that are inserted into an identity column. Earlier in SQL Server 7 we used to use @@IDENTITY to return the last inserted identity value because those days we don’t have functions like SCOPE_IDENTITY or IDENT_CURRENT but now we have these three functions. So let’s check out which one responsible for what. IDENT_CURRENT returns the last inserted identity value in a particular table. It never depends on a connection or the scope of the insert statement. IDENT_CURRENT function takes a table name as parameter. Here is the syntax to get the last inserted identity value in a particular table using IDENT_CURRENT function. SELECT IDENT_CURRENT('Employee') Both the @@IDENTITY and SCOPE_IDENTITY return the last inserted identity value created in any table in the current session. But there is little difference between these two i.e. SCOPE_IDENTITY returns value inserted only within the current scope whereas @@IDENTITY is not limited to any particular scope. Here are the syntaxes to get the last inserted identity value using these functions SELECT @@IDENTITYSELECT SCOPE_IDENTITY() Now let’s have a look at the following example. Suppose I have two tables called Employee and EmployeeLog. CREATE TABLE Employee( EmpId NUMERIC(18, 0) IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, EmpName VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, EmpSal FLOAT NOT NULL, DateOfJoining DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT(GETDATE()))CREATE TABLE EmployeeLog( EmpId NUMERIC(18, 0) IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, EmpName VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, EmpSal FLOAT NOT NULL, DateOfJoining DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT(GETDATE())) I have an insert trigger defined on the table Employee which inserts a new record in the EmployeeLog whenever a record insert in the Employee table. So Suppose I insert a new record in the Employee table using following statement: INSERT INTO Employee (EmpName,EmpSal) VALUES ('Arefin','1') The trigger will be fired automatically and insert a record in EmployeeLog. Here the scope of the insert statement and the trigger are different. In this situation if I retrieve last inserted identity value using @@IDENTITY, it will simply return the identity value from the EmployeeLog because it’s not limited to a particular scope. Now if I want to get the Employee table’s identity value then I need to use SCOPE_IDENTITY in this scenario. So the moral is always use SCOPE_IDENTITY to return the identity value of a recently created record in a sql statement or stored procedure. It’s safe and ensures bug free code.

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• How to emulate Fn (function key) keypress in xte

  - by komputes

  xte is part of the xautomation package. After hours of man page reading and looking for documentation or working examples, I still cannot get xte to emulate a Fn-F7 keypress. xte 'keydown Meta_L' 'key F7' 'keyup Meta_L' I've tried Meta_L, Meta_R, Multi_key, key F7, keydown F7 then keyup F7. No combination seems to work. Any idea how I can emulate a combination key press with a Fn key from a command/script?

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• Searching for a key in a multi dimensional array and adding it to another array [migrated]

  - by Moha

  Let's say I have two multi dimensional arrays: array1 ( stuff1 = array ( data = 'abc' ) stuff2 = array ( something = '123' data = 'def' ) stuff3 = array ( stuff4 = array ( data = 'ghi' ) ) ) array2 ( stuff1 = array ( ) stuff3 = array ( anything = '456' ) ) What I want is to search the key 'data' in array1 and then insert the key and value to array2 regardless of the depth. So wherever key 'data' exists in array1 it gets added to array2 with the exact depth (and key names) as in array1 AND without modifying any other keys. How can I do this recursively?

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• Couldn't generate PGP key: General Error

  - by Nicky Bailuc

  I want to get involved with Ubuntu and I've decided to join the Bug Squad. Launchpad tells me that I have to some OpenPGP Fingerprint key, and I followed instructions from this link: https://launchpad.net/+help-registry/openpgp-keys.html#publish All goes fine, I enter all the necessary information, and it starts generating the key. After about 20 seconds of generating the key, it gives an error saying "Couldn't generate PGP key: General Error." What does this mean? How can I fix this?

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• Still prompted for a password after adding SSH public key to a server

  - by Nathan Arthur

  I'm attempting to setup a git repository on my Dreamhost web server by following the "Setup: For the Impatient" instructions here. I'm having difficulty setting up public key access to the server. After successfully creating my public key, I ran the following command: cat ~/.ssh/[MY KEY].pub | ssh [USER]@[MACHINE] "mkdir ~/.ssh; cat >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys" ...replacing the appropriate placeholders with the correct values. Everything seemed to go through fine. The server asked for my password, and, as far as I can tell, executed the command. There is indeed a ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file on the server. The problem: When I try to SSH into the server, it still asks for my password. My understanding is that it shouldn't be asking for my password anymore. What am I missing? EDIT: SSH -v Log: Macbook:~ michaeleckert$ ssh -v [USER]@[SERVER URL] OpenSSH_6.2p2, OSSLShim 0.9.8r 8 Dec 2011 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh_config debug1: /etc/ssh_config line 20: Applying options for * debug1: /etc/ssh_config line 53: Applying options for * debug1: Connecting to [SERVER URL] [[SERVER IP]] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /Users/michaeleckert/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug1: identity file /Users/michaeleckert/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /Users/michaeleckert/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: identity file /Users/michaeleckert/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.2 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.5p1 Debian-6+squeeze3 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.5p1 Debian-6+squeeze3 pat OpenSSH_5* debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: Server host key: RSA [STRING OF NUMBERS AND LETTERS SEPARATED BY SEMI-COLONS] debug1: Host ‘[SERVER URL]' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /Users/michaeleckert/.ssh/known_hosts:2 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: Roaming not allowed by server debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /Users/michaeleckert/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Trying private key: /Users/michaeleckert/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: Next authentication method: password [USER]@[SERVER URL]'s password: debug1: Authentication succeeded (password). Authenticated to [SERVER URL] ([[SERVER IP]]:22). debug1: channel 0: new [client-session] debug1: Requesting [email protected] debug1: Entering interactive session. debug1: Sending environment. debug1: Sending env LANG = en_US.UTF-8 Welcome to [SERVER URL] Any malicious and/or unauthorized activity is strictly forbidden. All activity may be logged by DreamHost Web Hosting. Last login: Sun Nov 3 12:04:21 2013 from [MY IP] [[SERVER NAME]]$

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• No public key GPG error when submitting quickly application

  - by Roberto

  I try to submit my app with the command in the title, but the build failed: Error message: W: GPG error: http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY * * is my key (don't know it is safe to share it) If i run this command: sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys ****** It is said my key isn't change (so don't need to add it again). Any idea?

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• Asp.Net MVC Create/Update/Delete with composite key

  - by nubm

  Hi, I'm not sure how to use composite key. My Categories table has CategoryId (PK,FK), LanguageId (PK,FK), CategoryName CategoryId | LanguageId | CategoryName 1 | 1 | Car 1 | 2 | Auto 1 | 3 | Automobile etc. I'm following this design The default action looks like // // GET: /Category/Edit/5 public ActionResult Edit(int id) { return View(); } and ActionLink <%= Html.ActionLink("Edit", "Edit", new { id= item.CategoryId }) %> Should I use something like <%= Html.ActionLink("Edit", "Edit", new { id= (item.CategoryId + "-" + item.LanguageId) }) %> so the url is /Category/Edit/5-5 and // // GET: /Category/Edit/5-5 public ActionResult Edit(string id) { // parse id return View(); } or change the route to something like /Category/Edit/5/5 Or there is some better way?

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• ROO: how to create composit primary key in Entity

  - by Paul

  Hi, What can I do if I need to create entity for a table in production DB (Oracle 10g) with composite primary key. For example: [CODE] CREATE TABLE TACCOUNT ( BRANCHID NUMBER(3) NOT NULL, ACC VARCHAR2(18 BYTE) NOT NULL, DATE_OPEN DATE NOT NULL, DATE_CLOSE DATE, NOTE VARCHAR2(38 BYTE) ); CREATE UNIQUE INDEX PK_TACCOUNT ON TACCOUNT (BRANCHID, ACC); I don't want to change the structure of this table. Is it possible to create an "id" field using roo commands? I use Spring Roo 1.0.2.RELEASE [rev 638] Paul

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• Rails Foreign key setup question.

  - by James P. Wright

  I'm just (re)starting playing around with Rails and I'm making a little card game app. I cannot seem to figure out my Foreign Key setups. Say I have 4 objects: - Game - Player - Hand - Card A Game has many Players, which have many Hands which have many Cards. But the cards are also independent of a Hand, Player and Game. For example, I have 6 Cards in my database (1 to 6). It is possible that Card 3 could be in 2 Players Hands in the same Game. How can I set up my keys for this? Should I just create another object for "CardInHand" to simplify it?

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• How to generate SSH key pairs with Python

  - by Lee

  Hello, I'm attempting to write a script to generate SSH Identity key pairs for me. from M2Crypto import RSA key = RSA.gen_key(1024, 65337) key.save_key("/tmp/my.key", cipher=None) The file /tmp/my.key looks great now. By running ssh-keygen -y -f /tmp/my.key > /tmp/my.key.pub I can extract the public key. My question is how can I extract the public key from python? Using key.save_pub_key("/tmp/my.key.pub") saves something like: -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY----- MFwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADASDASDASDASDBarYRsmMazM1hd7a+u3QeMP ... FZQ7Ic+BmmeWHvvVP4Yjyu1t6vAut7mKkaDeKbT3yiGVUgAEUaWMXqECAwEAAQ== -----END PUBLIC KEY----- When I'm looking for something like: ssh-rsa AAAABCASDDBM$%3WEAv/3%$F ..... OSDFKJSL43$%^DFg==

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• Should I obscure primary key values?

  - by Scott

  I'm building a web application where the front end is a highly-specialized search engine. Searching is handled at the main URL, and the user is passed off to a sub-directory when they click on a search result for a more detailed display. This hand-off is being done as a GET request with the primary key being passed in the query string. I seem to recall reading somewhere that exposing primary keys to the user was not a good idea, so I decided to implement reversible encryption. I'm starting to wonder if I'm just being paranoid. The reversible encryption (base64) is probably easily broken by anybody who cares to try, makes the URLs very ugly, and also longer than they otherwise would be. Should I just drop the encryption and send my primary keys in the clear?

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• Game Key Events: Event or Method Overload?

  - by Ell

  If you were going to develop a game in say, Ruby, and you were provided with a game framework, would you rather act on key up/down events by overloading a method on the main window like so: class MyGameWindow < Framework::GameWindow def button_down(id) case id when UpArrow do_something when DownArrow do_something end end end Or have an event class with which you can make a method and assign a handle to it, like so: class MyGameWindow < Framework::GameWindow def initialize key_down.add_handler(method(:do_something)) end def do_something puts "blah blah" end end Please give your views, which do you think would be better in a game developement area, and thanks in advance, ell.

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• StackExchange API key

  - by user21289

  I am working on a project with the StackExchange API, the problem is at a moment I have this Exception on eclipse console: java.io.IOException: Server returned HTTP response code: 400 for URL: https://api.stackexchange.com/2.1/questions?order=desc&sort=votes&tagged=OSM&site=stackoverflow at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(Unknown Source) at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(Unknown Source) atbr.inf.pucrio.sog.StackOverflowAcessor.getQuestionsIds(StackOverflowAcessor.java:41) After verifying on the browser with the same link, I have this error message: {"error_id":502,"error_name":"throttle_violation","error_message":"too many requests from this IP, more requests available in 74089 seconds"} I am wondering if this is dur to the limited numbers of the queries per day, if it is the case, how can I do to have the key? if it is not, how can I do to resolve the problem?

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• Creating a unique key based on file content in python

  - by Cawas

  I got many, many files to be uploaded to the server, and I just want a way to avoid duplicates. Thus, generating a unique and small key value from a big string seemed something that a checksum was intended to do, and hashing seemed like the evolution of that. So I was going to use hash md5 to do this. But then I read somewhere that "MD5 are not meant to be unique keys" and I thought that's really weird. What's the right way of doing this? edit: by the way, I took two sources to get to the following, which is how I'm currently doing it and it's working just fine, with Python 2.5: import hashlib def md5_from_file (fileName, block_size=2**14): md5 = hashlib.md5() f = open(fileName) while True: data = f.read(block_size) if not data: break md5.update(data) f.close() return md5.hexdigest()

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• List of Commonly Used Value Types in XNA Games

  - by Michael B. McLaughlin

  Most XNA programmers are concerned about generating garbage. More specifically about allocating GC-managed memory (GC stands for “garbage collector” and is both the name of the class that provides access to the garbage collector and an acronym for the garbage collector (as a concept) itself). Two of the major target platforms for XNA (Windows Phone 7 and Xbox 360) use variants of the .NET Compact Framework. On both variants, the GC runs under various circumstances (Windows Phone 7 and Xbox 360). Of concern to XNA programmers is the fact that it runs automatically after a fixed amount of GC-managed memory has been allocated (currently 1MB on both systems). Many beginning XNA programmers are unaware of what constitutes GC-managed memory, though. So here’s a quick overview. In .NET, there are two different “types” of types: value types and reference types. Only reference types are managed by the garbage collector. Value types are not managed by the garbage collector and are instead managed in other ways that are implementation dependent. For purposes of XNA programming, the important point is that they are not managed by the GC and thus do not, by themselves, increment that internal 1 MB allocation counter. (n.b. Structs are value types. If you have a struct that has a reference type as a member, then that reference type, when instantiated, will still be allocated in the GC-managed memory and will thus count against the 1 MB allocation counter. Putting it in a struct doesn’t change the fact that it gets allocated on the GC heap, but the struct itself is created outside of the GC’s purview). Both value types and reference types use the keyword ‘new’ to allocate a new instance of them. Sometimes this keyword is hidden by a method which creates new instances for you, e.g. XmlReader.Create. But the important thing to determine is whether or not you are dealing with a value types or a reference type. If it’s a value type, you can use the ‘new’ keyword to allocate new instances of that type without incrementing the GC allocation counter (except as above where it’s a struct with a reference type in it that is allocated by the constructor, but there are no .NET Framework or XNA Framework value types that do this so it would have to be a struct you created or that was in some third-party library you were using for that to even become an issue). The following is a list of most all of value types you are likely to use in a generic XNA game: AudioCategory (used with XACT; not available on WP7) AvatarExpression (Xbox 360 only, but exposed on Windows to ease Xbox development) bool BoundingBox BoundingSphere byte char Color DateTime decimal double any enum (System.Enum itself is a class, but all enums are value types such that there are no GC allocations for enums) float GamePadButtons GamePadCapabilities GamePadDPad GamePadState GamePadThumbSticks GamePadTriggers GestureSample int IntPtr (rarely but occasionally used in XNA) KeyboardState long Matrix MouseState nullable structs (anytime you see, e.g. int? something, that ‘?’ denotes a nullable struct, also called a nullable type) Plane Point Quaternion Ray Rectangle RenderTargetBinding sbyte (though I’ve never seen it used since most people would just use a short) short TimeSpan TouchCollection TouchLocation TouchPanelCapabilities uint ulong ushort Vector2 Vector3 Vector4 VertexBufferBinding VertexElement VertexPositionColor VertexPositionColorTexture VertexPositionNormalTexture VertexPositionTexture Viewport So there you have it. That’s not quite a complete list, mind you. For example: There are various structs in the .NET framework you might make use of. I left out everything from the Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.PackedVector namespace, since everything in there ventures into the realm of advanced XNA programming anyway (n.b. every single instantiable thing in that namespace is a struct and thus a value type; there are also two interfaces but interfaces cannot be instantiated at all and thus don’t figure in to this discussion). There are so many enums you’re likely to use (PlayerIndex, SpriteSortMode, SpriteEffects, SurfaceFormat, etc.) that including them would’ve flooded the list and reduced its utility. So I went with “any enum” and trust that you can figure out what the enums are (and it’s rare to use ‘new’ with an enum anyway). That list also doesn’t include any of the pre-defined static instances of some of the classes (e.g. BlendState.AlphaBlend, BlendState.Opaque, etc.) which are already allocated such that using them doesn’t cause any new allocations and therefore doesn’t increase that 1 MB counter. That list also has a few misleading things. VertexElement, VertexPositionColor, and all the other vertex types are structs. But you’re only likely to ever use them as an array (for use with VertexBuffer or DynamicVertexBuffer), and all arrays are reference types (even arrays of value types such as VertexPositionColor[ ] or int[ ]). * So that’s it for now. The note below may be a bit confusing (it deals with how the GC works and how arrays are managed in .NET). If so, you can probably safely ignore it for now but feel free to ask any questions regardless. * Arrays of value types (where the value type doesn’t contain any reference type members) are much faster for the GC to examine than arrays of reference types, so there is a definite benefit to using arrays of value types where it makes sense. But creating arrays of value types does cause the GC’s allocation counter to increase. Indeed, allocating a large array of a value type is one of the quickest ways to increment the allocation counter since a .NET array is a sequential block of memory. An array of reference types is just a sequential block of references (typically 4 bytes each) while an array of value types is a sequential block of instances of that type. So for an array of Vector3s it would be 12 bytes each since each float is 4 bytes and there are 3 in a Vector3; for an array of VertexPositionNormalTexture structs it would typically be 32 bytes each since it has two Vector3s and a Vector2. (Note that there are a few additional bytes taken up in the creation of an array, typically 12 but sometimes 16 or possibly even more, which depend on the implementation details of the array type on the particular platform the code is running on).

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• What was the strangest coding standard rule that you were forced to follow?

  - by Brian R. Bondy

  When I asked this question I got almost always a definite yes you should have coding standards. What was the strangest coding standard rule that you were ever forced to follow? And by strangest I mean funniest, or worst, or just plain odd. In each answer, please mention which language, which team size, and which ill effects it caused you and your team.

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• Converting non-delimited text into name/value pairs in Delphi

  - by robsoft

  I've got a text file that arrives at my application as many lines of the following form: <row amount="192.00" store="10" transaction_date="2009-10-22T12:08:49.640" comp_name="blah " comp_ref="C65551253E7A4589A54D7CCD468D8AFA" name="Accrington "/> and I'd like to turn this 'row' into a series of name/value pairs in a given TStringList (there could be dozens of these <row>s in the file, so eventually I will want to iterate through the file breaking each row into name/value pairs in turn). The problem I've got is that the data isn't obviously delimited (technically, I suppose it's space delimited). Now if it wasn't for the fact that some of the values contain leading or trailing spaces, I could probably make a few reasonable assumptions and code something to break a row up based on spaces. But as the values themselves may or may not contain spaces, I don't see an obvious way to do this. Delphi' TStringList.CommaText doesn't help, and I've tried playing around with Delimiter but I get caught-out by the spaces inside the values each time. Does anyone have a clever Delphi technique for turning the sample above into something resembling this? ; amount="192.00" store="10" transaction_date="2009-10-22T12:08:49.640" comp_name="blah " comp_ref="C65551253E7A4589A54D7CCD468D8AFA" name="Accrington " Unfortunately, as is usually the case with this kind of thing, I don't have any control over the format of the data to begin with - I can't go back and 'make' it comma delimited at source, for instance. Although I guess I could probably write some code to turn it into comma delimited - would rather find a nice way to work with what I have though. This would be in Delphi 2007, if it makes any difference.

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• Should a connect method return a value?

  - by Matt S

  I was looking at some code I've inherited and I couldn't decided if I like a bit of code. Basically, there is a method that looks like the following: bool Connect(connection parameters){...} It returns true if it connects successfully, false otherwise. I've written code like that in the past, but now, when I see this method I don't like it for a number of reasons. Its easy to write code that just ignores the returned value, or not realize it returns a value. There is no way to return an error message. Checking the return of the method doesn't really look nice: if (!Connect(...)){....} I could rewrite code to throw an exception when it doesn't successfully connect, but I don't consider that an exceptional situation. Instead I'm thinking of refactoring the code as follows: void Connect(Connection Parameters, out bool successful, out string errorMessage){...} I like that other developers have to provide the success and error strings so they know the method has error conditions and I can know return a message Anyone have any thoughts on the matter? Thanks -Matt

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• Retrieve the Value of An Integer Variable

  - by Abluescarab

  This is probably easily figured out (I feel very stupid right now), but I can't find a solution anywhere, for some reason. Perhaps I'm not searching for the right thing. And maybe it's in some beginner tutorial I haven't watched. Anyway, I was wondering how to retrieve the value of an integer variable in C++? I know you can use cin.getline() for string variables, but I received an error message when I attempted that with an integer variable (and rightfully so, I know it was wrong, but I was looking for a solution). My project is a Win32 console application. What I'm trying to do is ask a user to input a number, stored in the variable n. Then I take the value of n and perform various math functions with it. In my header file, I have string, windows, iostream, stdio, math, and fstream. Do I need to add another library? There's not much more to tell. I can post my code if I must. EDIT: cout << "TEST SINE"; cout << "\nPlease enter a number.\n\n"; cin >> n; break; Here's the code I'm trying to use. Is this all I need to do? If so, how do I incorporate the variable so I can test it using sin, cos, and tan? Yet again, thanks ahead of time.

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• Delete duplicate records from a SQL table without a primary key

  - by Shyju

  I have the below table with the below records in it create table employee ( EmpId number, EmpName varchar2(10), EmpSSN varchar2(11) ); insert into employee values(1, 'Jack', '555-55-5555'); insert into employee values (2, 'Joe', '555-56-5555'); insert into employee values (3, 'Fred', '555-57-5555'); insert into employee values (4, 'Mike', '555-58-5555'); insert into employee values (5, 'Cathy', '555-59-5555'); insert into employee values (6, 'Lisa', '555-70-5555'); insert into employee values (1, 'Jack', '555-55-5555'); insert into employee values (4, 'Mike', '555-58-5555'); insert into employee values (5, 'Cathy', '555-59-5555'); insert into employee values (6 ,'Lisa', '555-70-5555'); insert into employee values (5, 'Cathy', '555-59-5555'); insert into employee values (6, 'Lisa', '555-70-5555'); I dont have any primary key in this table .But i have the above records in my table already. I want to remove the duplicate records which has the same value in EmpId and EmpSSN fields. Ex : Emp id 5 Can any one help me to frame a query to delete those duplicate records Thanks in advance

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• SSH public key authentication -- always require users to generate their own keypair?

  - by schinazi

  I was working with a partner today that I needed to upload files to my server using scp. I have passwords turned off in the server's SSH configuration, so I wanted them to use public key authentication. I generated the keypair for them on the server and gave them the private key and put the public key in the appropriate authorized_keys file. After a bunch of problems with them setting up their job, they finally got a more experienced sysadmin involved on their end, and he scolded me for handling the key generation this way. He said that by giving them a private key generated on my system, I had enabled them to do a brute-force attack against other keys generated on the same server. I even asked him "so if I have an account on a server, and I can log in with a password but I want to automate something and I generate a keypair on that system, does that then give me an attack vector for brute forcing other users' keys?" and he said yes. I've never heard of this, is it true? Can anyone point me to a discussion of this attack? Thanks in advance.

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• jQuery Autocomplete problem - Shift Key behaves same as Return Key

  - by user237005

  See: http://www.airbnb.com/ In the search bar, start typing "san f" (no quotes, all lowercase), then hit Return (or Enter). "San Francisco" is autocompleted. This is good! Now clear the search field and start over. type "San F" and boom - "San Francisco" is autocompleted as soon as you hit Shift. This is not expected. This happens in FF & Safari, but is untested elsewhere. I've looked through the jQuery Autocomplete Source Code and everything looks normal. Has anyone experienced this before?

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• How do I assign a number value to a non-numerical value in Excel

  - by Keyslinger

  Greetings I have an some survey responses with values like "VU" for "Very Unlikely" and "S" for Sometimes. Each survey response occupies a cell. For each cell containing a survey response, I want to fill another cell with a corresponding number. For example, for every cell containing "VU" I want to fill a corresponding cell with the number 1. How is this done?

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• Why is this giving me 2 different sets of timezones?

  - by chobo2

  Hi I have this line to get all the timezones Dictionary<string, TimeZoneInfo> storeZoneName = TimeZoneInfo.GetSystemTimeZones().ToDictionary(z => z.DisplayName); Now when I upload I try it on my local machine I get this (UTC-12:00) International Date Line West (UTC-11:00) Coordinated Universal Time-11 (UTC-11:00) Samoa (UTC-10:00) Hawaii (UTC-09:00) Alaska (UTC-08:00) Baja California (UTC-08:00) Pacific Time (US & Canada) (UTC-07:00) Arizona (UTC-07:00) Chihuahua, La Paz, Mazatlan (UTC-07:00) Mountain Time (US & Canada) (UTC-06:00) Central America (UTC-06:00) Central Time (US & Canada) (UTC-06:00) Guadalajara, Mexico City, Monterrey (UTC-06:00) Saskatchewan (UTC-05:00) Bogota, Lima, Quito (UTC-05:00) Eastern Time (US & Canada) (UTC-05:00) Indiana (East) (UTC-04:30) Caracas (UTC-04:00) Asuncion (UTC-04:00) Atlantic Time (Canada) (UTC-04:00) Cuiaba (UTC-04:00) Georgetown, La Paz, Manaus, San Juan (UTC-04:00) Santiago (UTC-03:30) Newfoundland (UTC-03:00) Brasilia (UTC-03:00) Buenos Aires (UTC-03:00) Cayenne, Fortaleza (UTC-03:00) Greenland (UTC-03:00) Montevideo (UTC-02:00) Coordinated Universal Time-02 (UTC-02:00) Mid-Atlantic (UTC-01:00) Azores (UTC-01:00) Cape Verde Is. (UTC) Casablanca (UTC) Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) Dublin, Edinburgh, Lisbon, London (UTC) Monrovia, Reykjavik (UTC+01:00) Amsterdam, Berlin, Bern, Rome, Stockholm, Vienna (UTC+01:00) Belgrade, Bratislava, Budapest, Ljubljana, Prague (UTC+01:00) Brussels, Copenhagen, Madrid, Paris (UTC+01:00) Sarajevo, Skopje, Warsaw, Zagreb (UTC+01:00) West Central Africa (UTC+02:00) Amman (UTC+02:00) Athens, Bucharest, Istanbul (UTC+02:00) Beirut (UTC+02:00) Cairo (UTC+02:00) Harare, Pretoria (UTC+02:00) Helsinki, Kyiv, Riga, Sofia, Tallinn, Vilnius (UTC+02:00) Jerusalem (UTC+02:00) Minsk (UTC+02:00) Windhoek (UTC+03:00) Baghdad (UTC+03:00) Kuwait, Riyadh (UTC+03:00) Moscow, St. Petersburg, Volgograd (UTC+03:00) Nairobi (UTC+03:30) Tehran (UTC+04:00) Abu Dhabi, Muscat (UTC+04:00) Baku (UTC+04:00) Port Louis (UTC+04:00) Tbilisi (UTC+04:00) Yerevan (UTC+04:30) Kabul (UTC+05:00) Ekaterinburg (UTC+05:00) Islamabad, Karachi (UTC+05:00) Tashkent (UTC+05:30) Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai, New Delhi (UTC+05:30) Sri Jayawardenepura (UTC+05:45) Kathmandu (UTC+06:00) Astana (UTC+06:00) Dhaka (UTC+06:00) Novosibirsk (UTC+06:30) Yangon (Rangoon) (UTC+07:00) Bangkok, Hanoi, Jakarta (UTC+07:00) Krasnoyarsk (UTC+08:00) Beijing, Chongqing, Hong Kong, Urumqi (UTC+08:00) Irkutsk (UTC+08:00) Kuala Lumpur, Singapore (UTC+08:00) Perth (UTC+08:00) Taipei (UTC+08:00) Ulaanbaatar (UTC+09:00) Osaka, Sapporo, Tokyo (UTC+09:00) Seoul (UTC+09:00) Yakutsk (UTC+09:30) Adelaide (UTC+09:30) Darwin (UTC+10:00) Brisbane (UTC+10:00) Canberra, Melbourne, Sydney (UTC+10:00) Guam, Port Moresby (UTC+10:00) Hobart (UTC+10:00) Vladivostok (UTC+11:00) Magadan, Solomon Is., New Caledonia (UTC+12:00) Auckland, Wellington (UTC+12:00) Coordinated Universal Time+12 (UTC+12:00) Fiji (UTC+12:00) Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (UTC+13:00) Nuku'alofa When I run it on a different local machine or my server I have this. <option value="(GMT) Casablanca">(GMT) Casablanca</option> <option value="(GMT) Greenwich Mean Time : Dublin, Edinburgh, Lisbon, London">(GMT) Greenwich Mean Time : Dublin, Edinburgh, Lisbon, London</option> <option value="(GMT) Monrovia, Reykjavik">(GMT) Monrovia, Reykjavik</option> <option value="(GMT+01:00) Amsterdam, Berlin, Bern, Rome, Stockholm, Vienna">(GMT+01:00) Amsterdam, Berlin, Bern, Rome, Stockholm, Vienna</option> <option value="(GMT+01:00) Belgrade, Bratislava, Budapest, Ljubljana, Prague">(GMT+01:00) Belgrade, Bratislava, Budapest, Ljubljana, Prague</option> <option value="(GMT+01:00) Brussels, Copenhagen, Madrid, Paris">(GMT+01:00) Brussels, Copenhagen, Madrid, Paris</option> <option value="(GMT+01:00) Sarajevo, Skopje, Warsaw, Zagreb">(GMT+01:00) Sarajevo, Skopje, Warsaw, Zagreb</option> <option value="(GMT+01:00) West Central Africa">(GMT+01:00) West Central Africa</option> <option value="(GMT+02:00) Amman">(GMT+02:00) Amman</option> <option value="(GMT+02:00) Athens, Bucharest, Istanbul">(GMT+02:00) Athens, Bucharest, Istanbul</option> <option value="(GMT+02:00) Beirut">(GMT+02:00) Beirut</option> <option value="(GMT+02:00) Cairo">(GMT+02:00) Cairo</option> <option value="(GMT+02:00) Harare, Pretoria">(GMT+02:00) Harare, Pretoria</option> <option value="(GMT+02:00) Helsinki, Kyiv, Riga, Sofia, Tallinn, Vilnius">(GMT+02:00) Helsinki, Kyiv, Riga, Sofia, Tallinn, Vilnius</option> <option value="(GMT+02:00) Jerusalem">(GMT+02:00) Jerusalem</option> <option value="(GMT+02:00) Minsk">(GMT+02:00) Minsk</option> <option value="(GMT+02:00) Windhoek">(GMT+02:00) Windhoek</option> <option value="(GMT+03:00) Baghdad">(GMT+03:00) Baghdad</option> <option value="(GMT+03:00) Kuwait, Riyadh">(GMT+03:00) Kuwait, Riyadh</option> <option value="(GMT+03:00) Moscow, St. Petersburg, Volgograd">(GMT+03:00) Moscow, St. Petersburg, Volgograd</option> <option value="(GMT+03:00) Nairobi">(GMT+03:00) Nairobi</option> <option value="(GMT+03:00) Tbilisi">(GMT+03:00) Tbilisi</option> <option value="(GMT+03:30) Tehran">(GMT+03:30) Tehran</option> <option value="(GMT+04:00) Abu Dhabi, Muscat">(GMT+04:00) Abu Dhabi, Muscat</option> <option value="(GMT+04:00) Baku">(GMT+04:00) Baku</option> <option value="(GMT+04:00) Port Louis">(GMT+04:00) Port Louis</option> <option value="(GMT+04:00) Yerevan">(GMT+04:00) Yerevan</option> <option value="(GMT+04:30) Kabul">(GMT+04:30) Kabul</option> <option value="(GMT+05:00) Ekaterinburg">(GMT+05:00) Ekaterinburg</option> <option value="(GMT+05:00) Islamabad, Karachi">(GMT+05:00) Islamabad, Karachi</option> <option value="(GMT+05:00) Tashkent">(GMT+05:00) Tashkent</option> <option value="(GMT+05:30) Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai, New Delhi">(GMT+05:30) Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai, New Delhi</option> <option value="(GMT+05:30) Sri Jayawardenepura">(GMT+05:30) Sri Jayawardenepura</option> <option value="(GMT+05:45) Kathmandu">(GMT+05:45) Kathmandu</option> <option value="(GMT+06:00) Almaty, Novosibirsk">(GMT+06:00) Almaty, Novosibirsk</option> <option value="(GMT+06:00) Astana, Dhaka">(GMT+06:00) Astana, Dhaka</option> <option value="(GMT+06:30) Yangon (Rangoon)">(GMT+06:30) Yangon (Rangoon)</option> <option value="(GMT+07:00) Bangkok, Hanoi, Jakarta">(GMT+07:00) Bangkok, Hanoi, Jakarta</option> <option value="(GMT+07:00) Krasnoyarsk">(GMT+07:00) Krasnoyarsk</option> <option value="(GMT+08:00) Beijing, Chongqing, Hong Kong, Urumqi">(GMT+08:00) Beijing, Chongqing, Hong Kong, Urumqi</option> <option value="(GMT+08:00) Irkutsk, Ulaan Bataar">(GMT+08:00) Irkutsk, Ulaan Bataar</option> <option value="(GMT+08:00) Kuala Lumpur, Singapore">(GMT+08:00) Kuala Lumpur, Singapore</option> <option value="(GMT+08:00) Perth">(GMT+08:00) Perth</option> <option value="(GMT+08:00) Taipei">(GMT+08:00) Taipei</option> <option value="(GMT+09:00) Osaka, Sapporo, Tokyo">(GMT+09:00) Osaka, Sapporo, Tokyo</option> <option value="(GMT+09:00) Seoul">(GMT+09:00) Seoul</option> <option value="(GMT+09:00) Yakutsk">(GMT+09:00) Yakutsk</option> <option value="(GMT+09:30) Adelaide">(GMT+09:30) Adelaide</option> <option value="(GMT+09:30) Darwin">(GMT+09:30) Darwin</option> <option value="(GMT+10:00) Brisbane">(GMT+10:00) Brisbane</option> <option value="(GMT+10:00) Canberra, Melbourne, Sydney">(GMT+10:00) Canberra, Melbourne, Sydney</option> <option value="(GMT+10:00) Guam, Port Moresby">(GMT+10:00) Guam, Port Moresby</option> <option value="(GMT+10:00) Hobart">(GMT+10:00) Hobart</option> <option value="(GMT+10:00) Vladivostok">(GMT+10:00) Vladivostok</option> <option value="(GMT+11:00) Magadan, Solomon Is., New Caledonia">(GMT+11:00) Magadan, Solomon Is., New Caledonia</option> <option value="(GMT+12:00) Auckland, Wellington">(GMT+12:00) Auckland, Wellington</option> <option value="(GMT+12:00) Fiji, Kamchatka, Marshall Is.">(GMT+12:00) Fiji, Kamchatka, Marshall Is.</option> <option value="(GMT+13:00) Nuku'alofa">(GMT+13:00) Nuku'alofa</option> <option value="(GMT-01:00) Azores">(GMT-01:00) Azores</option> <option value="(GMT-01:00) Cape Verde Is.">(GMT-01:00) Cape Verde Is.</option> <option value="(GMT-02:00) Mid-Atlantic">(GMT-02:00) Mid-Atlantic</option> <option value="(GMT-03:00) Brasilia">(GMT-03:00) Brasilia</option> <option value="(GMT-03:00) Buenos Aires">(GMT-03:00) Buenos Aires</option> <option value="(GMT-03:00) Georgetown">(GMT-03:00) Georgetown</option> <option value="(GMT-03:00) Greenland">(GMT-03:00) Greenland</option> <option value="(GMT-03:00) Montevideo">(GMT-03:00) Montevideo</option> <option value="(GMT-03:30) Newfoundland">(GMT-03:30) Newfoundland</option> <option value="(GMT-04:00) Atlantic Time (Canada)">(GMT-04:00) Atlantic Time (Canada)</option> <option value="(GMT-04:00) La Paz">(GMT-04:00) La Paz</option> <option value="(GMT-04:00) Manaus">(GMT-04:00) Manaus</option> <option value="(GMT-04:00) Santiago">(GMT-04:00) Santiago</option> <option value="(GMT-04:30) Caracas">(GMT-04:30) Caracas</option> <option value="(GMT-05:00) Bogota, Lima, Quito, Rio Branco">(GMT-05:00) Bogota, Lima, Quito, Rio Branco</option> <option value="(GMT-05:00) Eastern Time (US &amp; Canada)">(GMT-05:00) Eastern Time (US &amp; Canada)</option> <option value="(GMT-05:00) Indiana (East)">(GMT-05:00) Indiana (East)</option> <option value="(GMT-06:00) Central America">(GMT-06:00) Central America</option> <option value="(GMT-06:00) Central Time (US &amp; Canada)">(GMT-06:00) Central Time (US &amp; Canada)</option> <option value="(GMT-06:00) Guadalajara, Mexico City, Monterrey">(GMT-06:00) Guadalajara, Mexico City, Monterrey</option> <option value="(GMT-06:00) Saskatchewan">(GMT-06:00) Saskatchewan</option> <option value="(GMT-07:00) Arizona">(GMT-07:00) Arizona</option> <option value="(GMT-07:00) Chihuahua, La Paz, Mazatlan">(GMT-07:00) Chihuahua, La Paz, Mazatlan</option> <option value="(GMT-07:00) Mountain Time (US &amp; Canada)">(GMT-07:00) Mountain Time (US &amp; Canada)</option> <option value="(GMT-08:00) Pacific Time (US &amp; Canada)">(GMT-08:00) Pacific Time (US &amp; Canada)</option> <option value="(GMT-08:00) Tijuana, Baja California">(GMT-08:00) Tijuana, Baja California</option> <option value="(GMT-09:00) Alaska">(GMT-09:00) Alaska</option> <option value="(GMT-10:00) Hawaii">(GMT-10:00) Hawaii</option> <option value="(GMT-11:00) Midway Island, Samoa">(GMT-11:00) Midway Island, Samoa</option> <option value="(GMT-12:00) International Date Line West">(GMT-12:00) International Date Line West</option> They are different. Same line of code but one is GMT and one is UTC. How can I force it to be always the same? Also I want to have a default choice of "UTC" but I am not sure what the diff is between this (UTC-11:00) Coordinated Universal Time-11 and this (UTC-02:00) Coordinated Universal Time-02

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