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  • Data Validation for Random varying Phone Numbers

    - by baron
    I am storing phone numbers of varying lengths in my WPF (C#, VS 08) App. I store them as strings. My question is about my method AddNewPhoneNo(string phoneNo). In this method, I use Int.TryParse to validate the incoming number (i.e. not null, is numeric...). I've since realized this is probably not the best way to do this, because then I am limited to a number which is ± 2147483647. Definetly this is not always the case with phone numbers. What is a good, easy way to validate phone numbers? I guess the basic rules would be as follows: All numeric All positive Upto 25 chars (could be more, but this will to do for time being) Can't thing if theres any more rules at the moment, that's probably it.

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  • How to prevent users from inputting letters or numbers ?

    - by ZaZu
    Hello, I have a simple problem; Here is the code : #include<stdio.h> main(){ int input; printf("Choose a numeric value"); scanf("%d",&input); } I want the user to only enter numbers ... So it has to be something like this : #include<stdio.h> main(){ int input; printf("Choose a numeric value"); do{ scanf("%d",&input); }while(input!= 'something'); } My problem is that I dont know what to replace in 'something' ... How can I prevent users from inputting alphabetic characters ? Thanks for your help ! }

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  • Typeclass instances for unnamed types in Scala

    - by ncreep
    How would one encode the following constraint in Scala (pseudocode)? def foo(x: T forSome { type T has a Numeric[T] instance in scope }) = { val n= implicitly[...] // obtain the Numeric instance for x n.negate(x) // and use it with x } In words: I need a type class instance for my input argument, but I don't care about the argument's type, I just need to obtain the instance and use it on my argument. It doesn't have to be an existential type, but I need to avoid type parameters in the def's signature. Thanks.

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  • [FLEX 3] Placing images into a Collage Canvas

    - by Bridget
    I've got an array of different sized images. I want to place these images on a canvas in a sort of automated collage. Does anyone have an idea of how to work the logic behind this concept? All my images have heights divisible by 36 pixels and widths divisible by 9 pixels. They have mouseDown functions that allow you to drag and drop. When dropped the image goes to the closest x point divisible by 9 and y point divisble by 36. There is a grid drawn on top of the canvas. I've sorted the array of images based on height, then based on their widths. imagesArray.sortOn("height", Array.NUMERIC | Array.DESCENDING); imagesArray.sortOn("width", Array.NUMERIC | Array.DESCENDING); I'd like to take the largest image ( imageArray[0] ) to put in corner x,y = 0,0. Then randomize the rest of the images and fit them into the collage canvas.

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  • R: Change the fields' (slots') values of the class assigning a value to some other field

    - by Max Li
    Assgning a value to one field, how can I make the other fields changing. Consider the following R5 class C<-setRefClass("C", fields=list(a="numeric",b="numeric") , methods=list( seta = function(x){ a<<-x b<<-x+10 cat("The change took place!") } ) # end of the methods list ) # end of the class Now create the instance of the class c<-C$new() This command c$seta(10) will result in that c$a is 10 and c$b is 20. So it actually works, however, I want to achieve this result by the command c$a<-10 (i.e. after that I want c$b to be equal to 20 as defined in the class in the logic of seta() function) How can I do it?

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  • Strings - Filling In Leading Zeros Wtih A Zero

    - by headscratch
    I'm reading an array of hard-coded strings of numeric characters - all positions are filled with a character, even for the leading zeros. Thus, can confidently parse it using substring(start, end) to convert to numeric. Example: "0123 0456 0789" However, a string coming from a database does not fill in the leading zero with a 'zero character', it simply fetches the '123 456 789', which is correct for an arithmetic number but not for my needs and makes for parsing trouble. Before writing conditionals to check for leading zeros and adding them to the string if needed, is there a simple way of specifying they be filled with a character ? I'm not finding this in my Java book... I could have done the three conditionals in the time it took to post this but, this is more about 'education'... Thanks

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  • Where can I find a compact programming keyboard with logical key placement?

    - by Lefler
    I recently, at the order of my chiropractor, bought a laptop stand to elevate my screen. A result of this is that I need a standalone keyboard. Normal keyboards have numeric keypads on the right side, which moves my mouse further to the right... not an optimal position chiropractically speaking. I don't use the numeric keypad, but all the compact keyboards I can find use some random placement algorithm on the arrow, page up/down, and most importantly -- the insert,delete,home and end keys. Those misplaced keys are crippling my code entry. Does anyone know of a keyboard that is minus the keypad, but places those VERY IMPORTANT keys in a more standard position?

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  • Is it poor practice to identify objects via an enumeration property, instead of using GetType()?

    - by James
    I have a collection of objects that all implement one (custom) interface: IAuditEvent. Each object can be stored in a database and a unique numeric id is used for each object type. The method that stores the objects loops around a List<IAuditEvent>, so it needs to know the specific type of each object in order to store the correct numeric id. Is it poor practice to have an enumeration property on IAuditEvent so that each object can identify itself with a unique enumeration value? I can see that the simplest solution would be to write a method that translates a Type into an integer, but what if I need an enumeration of audit events for another purpose? Would it still be wrong to have my enumeration property on IAuditEvent?

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  • Array structure returned by Yii's model

    - by user1104955
    I am a Yii beginner and am running into a bit of a wall and hope someone will be able to help me get back onto track. I think this might be a fairly straight forward question to the seasoned Yii user. So here goes... In the controller, let's say I run the following call to the model- $variable = Post::model()->findAll(); All works fine and I pass the variable into the view. Here's where I get pretty stuck. The array that is returned in the above query is far more complex than I anticipated and I'm struggling to make sense of it. Here's a sample- print_r($variable); gives- Array ( [0] => Post Object ( [_md:CActiveRecord:private] => CActiveRecordMetaData Object ( [tableSchema] => CMysqlTableSchema Object ( [schemaName] => [name] => tbl_post [rawName] => `tbl_post` [primaryKey] => id [sequenceName] => [foreignKeys] => Array ( ) [columns] => Array ( [id] => CMysqlColumnSchema Object ( [name] => id [rawName] => `id` [allowNull] => [dbType] => int(11) [type] => integer [defaultValue] => [size] => 11 [precision] => 11 [scale] => [isPrimaryKey] => 1 [isForeignKey] => [autoIncrement] => 1 [_e:CComponent:private] => [_m:CComponent:private] => ) [post] => CMysqlColumnSchema Object ( [name] => post [rawName] => `post` [allowNull] => [dbType] => text [type] => string [defaultValue] => [size] => [precision] => [scale] => [isPrimaryKey] => [isForeignKey] => [autoIncrement] => [_e:CComponent:private] => [_m:CComponent:private] => ) ) [_e:CComponent:private] => [_m:CComponent:private] => ) [columns] => Array ( [id] => CMysqlColumnSchema Object ( [name] => id [rawName] => `id` [allowNull] => [dbType] => int(11) [type] => integer [defaultValue] => [size] => 11 [precision] => 11 [scale] => [isPrimaryKey] => 1 [isForeignKey] => [autoIncrement] => 1 [_e:CComponent:private] => [_m:CComponent:private] => ) [post] => CMysqlColumnSchema Object ( [name] => post [rawName] => `post` [allowNull] => [dbType] => text [type] => string [defaultValue] => [size] => [precision] => [scale] => [isPrimaryKey] => [isForeignKey] => [autoIncrement] => [_e:CComponent:private] => [_m:CComponent:private] => ) ) [relations] => Array ( [responses] => CHasManyRelation Object ( [limit] => -1 [offset] => -1 [index] => [through] => [joinType] => LEFT OUTER JOIN [on] => [alias] => [with] => Array ( ) [together] => [scopes] => [name] => responses [className] => Response [foreignKey] => post_id [select] => * [condition] => [params] => Array ( ) [group] => [join] => [having] => [order] => [_e:CComponent:private] => [_m:CComponent:private] => ) ) [attributeDefaults] => Array ( ) [_model:CActiveRecordMetaData:private] => Post Object ( [_md:CActiveRecord:private] => CActiveRecordMetaData Object *RECURSION* [_new:CActiveRecord:private] => [_attributes:CActiveRecord:private] => Array ( ) [_related:CActiveRecord:private] => Array ( ) [_c:CActiveRecord:private] => [_pk:CActiveRecord:private] => [_alias:CActiveRecord:private] => t [_errors:CModel:private] => Array ( ) [_validators:CModel:private] => [_scenario:CModel:private] => [_e:CComponent:private] => [_m:CComponent:private] => ) ) [_new:CActiveRecord:private] => [_attributes:CActiveRecord:private] => Array ( [id] => 1 [post] => User Post ) [_related:CActiveRecord:private] => Array ( ) [_c:CActiveRecord:private] => [_pk:CActiveRecord:private] => 1 [_alias:CActiveRecord:private] => t [_errors:CModel:private] => Array ( ) [_validators:CModel:private] => [_scenario:CModel:private] => update [_e:CComponent:private] => [_m:CComponent:private] => ) ) [sorry if there's an easier way to show this array, I'm not aware of it] Can anyone explain to me why the model returns such a complex array? It doesn't seem to matter what tables or columns or relations are used in your application, they all seem to me to return this format. Also, can someone explain the structure to me so that I can isolate the variables that I want to recover? Many thanks in advance, Nick

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  • CVE-2006-3744 Multiple Integer overflow vulnerabilities in ImageMagick

    - by chandan
    CVE DescriptionCVSSv2 Base ScoreComponentProduct and Resolution CVE-2006-3744 Numeric Errors vulnerability 5.1 ImageMagick Solaris 10 SPARC: 136882-03 X86: 136883-03 This notification describes vulnerabilities fixed in third-party components that are included in Sun's product distribution.Information about vulnerabilities affecting Oracle Sun products can be found on Oracle Critical Patch Updates and Security Alerts page.

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  • Returning Identity Value in SQL Server: @@IDENTITY Vs SCOPE_IDENTITY Vs IDENT_CURRENT

    - by Arefin Ali
    We have some common misconceptions on returning the last inserted identity value from tables. To return the last inserted identity value we have options to use @@IDENTITY or SCOPE_IDENTITY or IDENT_CURRENT function depending on the requirement but it will be a real mess if anybody uses anyone of these functions without knowing exact purpose. So here I want to share my thoughts on this. @@IDENTITY, SCOPE_IDENTITY and IDENT_CURRENT are almost similar functions in terms of returning identity value. They all return values that are inserted into an identity column. Earlier in SQL Server 7 we used to use @@IDENTITY to return the last inserted identity value because those days we don’t have functions like SCOPE_IDENTITY or IDENT_CURRENT but now we have these three functions. So let’s check out which one responsible for what. IDENT_CURRENT returns the last inserted identity value in a particular table. It never depends on a connection or the scope of the insert statement. IDENT_CURRENT function takes a table name as parameter. Here is the syntax to get the last inserted identity value in a particular table using IDENT_CURRENT function. SELECT IDENT_CURRENT('Employee') Both the @@IDENTITY and SCOPE_IDENTITY return the last inserted identity value created in any table in the current session. But there is little difference between these two i.e. SCOPE_IDENTITY returns value inserted only within the current scope whereas @@IDENTITY is not limited to any particular scope. Here are the syntaxes to get the last inserted identity value using these functions SELECT @@IDENTITYSELECT SCOPE_IDENTITY() Now let’s have a look at the following example. Suppose I have two tables called Employee and EmployeeLog. CREATE TABLE Employee( EmpId NUMERIC(18, 0) IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, EmpName VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, EmpSal FLOAT NOT NULL, DateOfJoining DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT(GETDATE()))CREATE TABLE EmployeeLog( EmpId NUMERIC(18, 0) IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, EmpName VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, EmpSal FLOAT NOT NULL, DateOfJoining DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT(GETDATE())) I have an insert trigger defined on the table Employee which inserts a new record in the EmployeeLog whenever a record insert in the Employee table. So Suppose I insert a new record in the Employee table using following statement: INSERT INTO Employee (EmpName,EmpSal) VALUES ('Arefin','1') The trigger will be fired automatically and insert a record in EmployeeLog. Here the scope of the insert statement and the trigger are different. In this situation if I retrieve last inserted identity value using @@IDENTITY, it will simply return the identity value from the EmployeeLog because it’s not limited to a particular scope. Now if I want to get the Employee table’s identity value then I need to use SCOPE_IDENTITY in this scenario. So the moral is always use SCOPE_IDENTITY to return the identity value of a recently created record in a sql statement or stored procedure. It’s safe and ensures bug free code.

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  • Returning Identity Value in SQL Server: @@IDENTITY Vs SCOPE_IDENTITY Vs IDENT_CURRENT

    - by Arefin Ali
    We have some common misconceptions on returning the last inserted identity value from tables. To return the last inserted identity value we have options to use @@IDENTITY or SCOPE_IDENTITY or IDENT_CURRENT function depending on the requirement but it will be a real mess if anybody uses anyone of these functions without knowing exact purpose. So here I want to share my thoughts on this. @@IDENTITY, SCOPE_IDENTITY and IDENT_CURRENT are almost similar functions in terms of returning identity value. They all return values that are inserted into an identity column. Earlier in SQL Server 7 we used to use @@IDENTITY to return the last inserted identity value because those days we don’t have functions like SCOPE_IDENTITY or IDENT_CURRENT but now we have these three functions. So let’s check out which one responsible for what. IDENT_CURRENT returns the last inserted identity value in a particular table. It never depends on a connection or the scope of the insert statement. IDENT_CURRENT function takes a table name as parameter. Here is the syntax to get the last inserted identity value in a particular table using IDENT_CURRENT function. SELECT IDENT_CURRENT('Employee') Both the @@IDENTITY and SCOPE_IDENTITY return the last inserted identity value created in any table in the current session. But there is little difference between these two i.e. SCOPE_IDENTITY returns value inserted only within the current scope whereas @@IDENTITY is not limited to any particular scope. Here are the syntaxes to get the last inserted identity value using these functions SELECT @@IDENTITY SELECT SCOPE_IDENTITY() Now let’s have a look at the following example. Suppose I have two tables called Employee and EmployeeLog. CREATE TABLE Employee ( EmpId NUMERIC(18, 0) IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, EmpName VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, EmpSal FLOAT NOT NULL, DateOfJoining DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT(GETDATE()) ) CREATE TABLE EmployeeLog ( EmpId NUMERIC(18, 0) IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, EmpName VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, EmpSal FLOAT NOT NULL, DateOfJoining DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT(GETDATE()) ) I have an insert trigger defined on the table Employee which inserts a new record in the EmployeeLog whenever a record insert in the Employee table. So Suppose I insert a new record in the Employee table using following statement: INSERT INTO Employee (EmpName,EmpSal) VALUES ('Arefin','1') The trigger will be fired automatically and insert a record in EmployeeLog. Here the scope of the insert statement and the trigger are different. In this situation if I retrieve last inserted identity value using @@IDENTITY, it will simply return the identity value from the EmployeeLog because it’s not limited to a particular scope. Now if I want to get the Employee table’s identity value then I need to use SCOPE_IDENTITY in this scenario. So the moral is always use SCOPE_IDENTITY to return the identity value of a recently created record in a sql statement or stored procedure. It’s safe and ensures bug free code.

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  • Mathematica Programming Language&ndash;An Introduction

    - by JoshReuben
    The Mathematica http://www.wolfram.com/mathematica/ programming model consists of a kernel computation engine (or grid of such engines) and a front-end of notebook instances that communicate with the kernel throughout a session. The programming model of Mathematica is incredibly rich & powerful – besides numeric calculations, it supports symbols (eg Pi, I, E) and control flow logic.   obviously I could use this as a simple calculator: 5 * 10 --> 50 but this language is much more than that!   for example, I could use control flow logic & setup a simple infinite loop: x=1; While [x>0, x=x,x+1] Different brackets have different purposes: square brackets for function arguments:  Cos[x] round brackets for grouping: (1+2)*3 curly brackets for lists: {1,2,3,4} The power of Mathematica (as opposed to say Matlab) is that it gives exact symbolic answers instead of a rounded numeric approximation (unless you request it):   Mathematica lets you define scoped variables (symbols): a=1; b=2; c=a+b --> 5 these variables can contain symbolic values – you can think of these as partially computed functions:   use Clear[x] or Remove[x] to zero or dereference a variable.   To compute a numerical approximation to n significant digits (default n=6), use N[x,n] or the //N prefix: Pi //N -->3.14159 N[Pi,50] --> 3.1415926535897932384626433832795028841971693993751 The kernel uses % to reference the lastcalculation result, %% the 2nd last, %%% the 3rd last etc –> clearer statements: eg instead of: Sqrt[Pi+Sqrt[Sqrt[Pi+Sqrt[Pi]]] do: Sqrt[Pi]; Sqrt[Pi+%]; Sqrt[Pi+%] The help system supports wildcards, so I can search for functions like so: ?Inv* Mathematica supports some very powerful programming constructs and a rich function library that allow you to do things that you would have to write allot of code for in a language like C++.   the Factor function – factorization: Factor[x^3 – 6*x^2 +11x – 6] --> (-3+x) (-2+x) (-1+x)   the Solve function – find the roots of an equation: Solve[x^3 – 2x + 1 == 0] -->   the Expand function – express (1+x)^10 in polynomial form: Expand[(1+x)^10] --> 1+10x+45x^2+120x^3+210x^4+252x^5+210x^6+120x^7+45x^8+10x^9+x^10 the Prime function – what is the 1000th prime? Prime[1000] -->7919 Mathematica also has some powerful graphics capabilities:   the Plot function – plot the graph of y=Sin x in a single period: Plot[Sin[x], {x,0,2*Pi}] you can also plot 3D surfaces of functions using Plot3D function

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  • Has Little Endian won?

    - by espertus
    When teaching recently about the Big vs. Little Endian battle, a student asked whether it had been settled, and I realized I didn't know. Looking at the Wikipedia article, it seems that the most popular current OS/architecture pairs use Little Endian but that Internet Protocol specifies Big Endian for transferring numeric values in packet headers. Would that be a good summary of the current status? Do current network cards or CPUs provide hardware support for switching byte order?

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  • Would you expect this error ?

    - by GrumpyOldDBA
    Now I know why, but what I'm thinking is that if I create an error should I get valid data returned? To explain, I was browsing through the dmvs for queries which might benefit from tuning and I identified a query with two clustered index scans ( table scans ). I don't know all the schema off by heart and I was looking for a select by a LoginID column. I assumed this would be numeric and promptly entered an integer value to examine the query plan, yeah I should have looked at the table definition...(read more)

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  • SQL SERVER What is Spatial Database? Developing with SQL Server Spatial and Deep Dive into Spatial

    What is Spatial Database?A spatial database is a database that is optimized to store and query data related to objects in space, including points, lines and polygons. While typical databases can understand various numeric and character types of data, additional functionality needs to be added for databases to process spatial data types. (Source: Wikipedia)Today [...]...Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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  • How to sort a ListView control by a column in Visual C#

    - by bconlon
    Microsoft provide an article of the same name (previously published as Q319401) and it shows a nice class 'ListViewColumnSorter ' for sorting a standard ListView when the user clicks the column header. This is very useful for String values, however for Numeric or DateTime data it gives odd results. E.g. 100 would come before 99 in an ascending sort as the string compare sees 1 < 9. So my challenge was to allow other types to be sorted. This turned out to be fairly simple as I just needed to create an inner class in ListViewColumnSorter which extends the .Net CaseInsensitiveComparer class, and then use this as the ObjectCompare member's type. Note: Ideally we would be able to use IComparer as the member's type, but the Compare method is not virtual in CaseInsensitiveComparer , so we have to create an exact type: public class ListViewColumnSorter : IComparer {     private CaseInsensitiveComparer ObjectCompare;     private MyComparer ObjectCompare;     ... rest of Microsofts class implementation... } Here is my private inner comparer class, note the 'new int Compare' as Compare is not virtual, and also note we pass the values to the base compare as the correct type (e.g. Decimal, DateTime) so they compare correctly: private class MyComparer : CaseInsensitiveComparer {     public new int Compare(object x, object y)     {         try         {             string s1 = x.ToString();             string s2 = y.ToString();               // check for a numeric column             decimal n1, n2 = 0;             if (Decimal.TryParse(s1, out n1) && Decimal.TryParse(s2, out n2))                 return base.Compare(n1, n2);             else             {                 // check for a date column                 DateTime d1, d2;                 if (DateTime.TryParse(s1, out d1) && DateTime.TryParse(s2, out d2))                     return base.Compare(d1, d2);             }         }         catch (ArgumentException) { }           // just use base string compare         return base.Compare(x, y);     } } You could extend this for other types, even custom classes as long as they support ICompare. Microsoft also have another article How to: Sort a GridView Column When a Header Is Clicked that shows this for WPF, which looks conceptually very similar. I need to test it out to see if it handles non-string types. #

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  • RIF PRD: Presentation syntax issues

    - by Charles Young
    Over Christmas I got to play a bit with the W3C RIF PRD and came across a few issues which I thought I would record for posterity. Specifically, I was working on a grammar for the presentation syntax using a GLR grammar parser tool (I was using the current CTP of ‘M’ (MGrammer) and Intellipad – I do so hope the MS guys don’t kill off M and Intellipad now they have dropped the other parts of SQL Server Modelling). I realise that the presentation syntax is non-normative and that any issues with it do not therefore compromise the standard. However, presentation syntax is useful in its own right, and it would be great to iron out any issues in a future revision of the standard. The main issues are actually not to do with the grammar at all, but rather with the ‘running example’ in the RIF PRD recommendation. I started with the code provided in Example 9.1. There are several discrepancies when compared with the EBNF rules documented in the standard. Broadly the problems can be categorised as follows: ·      Parenthesis mismatch – the wrong number of parentheses are used in various places. For example, in GoldRule, the RHS of the rule (the ‘Then’) is nested in the LHS (‘the If’). In NewCustomerAndWidgetRule, the RHS is orphaned from the LHS. Together with additional incorrect parenthesis, this leads to orphanage of UnknownStatusRule from the entire Document. ·      Invalid use of parenthesis in ‘Forall’ constructs. Parenthesis should not be used to enclose formulae. Removal of the invalid parenthesis gave me a feeling of inconsistency when comparing formulae in Forall to formulae in If. The use of parenthesis is not actually inconsistent in these two context, but in an If construct it ‘feels’ as if you are enclosing formulae in parenthesis in a LISP-like fashion. In reality, the parenthesis is simply being used to group subordinate syntax elements. The fact that an If construct can contain only a single formula as an immediate child adds to this feeling of inconsistency. ·      Invalid representation of compact URIs (CURIEs) in the context of Frame productions. In several places the URIs are not qualified with a namespace prefix (‘ex1:’). This conflicts with the definition of CURIEs in the RIF Datatypes and Built-Ins 1.0 document. Here are the productions: CURIE          ::= PNAME_LN                  | PNAME_NS PNAME_LN       ::= PNAME_NS PN_LOCAL PNAME_NS       ::= PN_PREFIX? ':' PN_LOCAL       ::= ( PN_CHARS_U | [0-9] ) ((PN_CHARS|'.')* PN_CHARS)? PN_CHARS       ::= PN_CHARS_U                  | '-' | [0-9] | #x00B7                  | [#x0300-#x036F] | [#x203F-#x2040] PN_CHARS_U     ::= PN_CHARS_BASE                  | '_' PN_CHARS_BASE ::= [A-Z] | [a-z] | [#x00C0-#x00D6] | [#x00D8-#x00F6]                  | [#x00F8-#x02FF] | [#x0370-#x037D] | [#x037F-#x1FFF]                  | [#x200C-#x200D] | [#x2070-#x218F] | [#x2C00-#x2FEF]                  | [#x3001-#xD7FF] | [#xF900-#xFDCF] | [#xFDF0-#xFFFD]                  | [#x10000-#xEFFFF] PN_PREFIX      ::= PN_CHARS_BASE ((PN_CHARS|'.')* PN_CHARS)? The more I look at CURIEs, the more my head hurts! The RIF specification allows prefixes and colons without local names, which surprised me. However, the CURIE Syntax 1.0 working group note specifically states that this form is supported…and then promptly provides a syntactic definition that seems to preclude it! However, on (much) deeper inspection, it appears that ‘ex1:’ (for example) is allowed, but would really represent a ‘fragment’ of the ‘reference’, rather than a prefix! Ouch! This is so completely ambiguous that it surely calls into question the whole CURIE specification.   In any case, RIF does not allow local names without a prefix. ·      Missing ‘External’ specifiers for built-in functions and predicates.  The EBNF specification enforces this for terms within frames, but does not appear to enforce (what I believe is) the correct use of External on built-in predicates. In any case, the running example only specifies ‘External’ once on the predicate in UnknownStatusRule. External() is required in several other places. ·      The List used on the LHS of UnknownStatusRule is comma-delimited. This is not supported by the EBNF definition. Similarly, the argument list of pred:list-contains is illegally comma-delimited. ·      Unnecessary use of conjunction around a single formula in DiscountRule. This is strictly legal in the EBNF, but redundant.   All the above issues concern the presentation syntax used in the running example. There are a few minor issues with the grammar itself. Note that Michael Kiefer stated in his paper “Rule Interchange Format: The Framework” that: “The presentation syntax of RIF … is an abstract syntax and, as such, it omits certain details that might be important for unambiguous parsing.” ·      The grammar cannot differentiate unambiguously between strategies and priorities on groups. A processor is forced to resolve this by detecting the use of IRIs and integers. This could easily be fixed in the grammar.   ·      The grammar cannot unambiguously parse the ‘->’ operator in frames. Specifically, ‘-’ characters are allowed in PN_LOCAL names and hence a parser cannot determine if ‘status->’ is (‘status’ ‘->’) or (‘status-’ ‘>’).   One way to fix this is to amend the PN_LOCAL production as follows: PN_LOCAL ::= ( PN_CHARS_U | [0-9] ) ((PN_CHARS|'.')* ((PN_CHARS)-('-')))? However, unilaterally changing the definition of this production, which is defined in the SPARQL Query Language for RDF specification, makes me uncomfortable. ·      I assume that the presentation syntax is case-sensitive. I couldn’t find this stated anywhere in the documentation, but function/predicate names do appear to be documented as being case-sensitive. ·      The EBNF does not specify whitespace handling. A couple of productions (RULE and ACTION_BLOCK) are crafted to enforce the use of whitespace. This is not necessary. It seems inconsistent with the rest of the specification and can cause parsing issues. In addition, the Const production exhibits whitespaces issues. The intention may have been to disallow the use of whitespace around ‘^^’, but any direct implementation of the EBNF will probably allow whitespace between ‘^^’ and the SYMSPACE. Of course, I am being a little nit-picking about all this. On the whole, the EBNF translated very smoothly and directly to ‘M’ (MGrammar) and proved to be fairly complete. I have encountered far worse issues when translating other EBNF specifications into usable grammars.   I can’t imagine there would be any difficulty in implementing the same grammar in Antlr, COCO/R, gppg, XText, Bison, etc. A general observation, which repeats a point made above, is that the use of parenthesis in the presentation syntax can feel inconsistent and un-intuitive.   It isn’t actually inconsistent, but I think the presentation syntax could be improved by adopting braces, rather than parenthesis, to delimit subordinate syntax elements in a similar way to so many programming languages. The familiarity of braces would communicate the structure of the syntax more clearly to people like me.  If braces were adopted, parentheses could be retained around ‘var (frame | ‘new()’) constructs in action blocks. This use of parenthesis feels very LISP-like, and I think that this is my issue. It’s as if the presentation syntax represents the deformed love-child of LISP and C. In some places (specifically, action blocks), parenthesis is used in a LISP-like fashion. In other places it is used like braces in C. I find this quite confusing. Here is a corrected version of the running example (Example 9.1) in compliant presentation syntax: Document(    Prefix( ex1 <http://example.com/2009/prd2> )    (* ex1:CheckoutRuleset *)  Group rif:forwardChaining (     (* ex1:GoldRule *)    Group 10 (      Forall ?customer such that And(?customer # ex1:Customer                                     ?customer[ex1:status->"Silver"])        (Forall ?shoppingCart such that ?customer[ex1:shoppingCart->?shoppingCart]           (If Exists ?value (And(?shoppingCart[ex1:value->?value]                                  External(pred:numeric-greater-than-or-equal(?value 2000))))            Then Do(Modify(?customer[ex1:status->"Gold"])))))      (* ex1:DiscountRule *)    Group (      Forall ?customer such that ?customer # ex1:Customer        (If Or( ?customer[ex1:status->"Silver"]                ?customer[ex1:status->"Gold"])         Then Do ((?s ?customer[ex1:shoppingCart-> ?s])                  (?v ?s[ex1:value->?v])                  Modify(?s [ex1:value->External(func:numeric-multiply (?v 0.95))]))))      (* ex1:NewCustomerAndWidgetRule *)    Group (      Forall ?customer such that And(?customer # ex1:Customer                                     ?customer[ex1:status->"New"] )        (If Exists ?shoppingCart ?item                   (And(?customer[ex1:shoppingCart->?shoppingCart]                        ?shoppingCart[ex1:containsItem->?item]                        ?item # ex1:Widget ) )         Then Do( (?s ?customer[ex1:shoppingCart->?s])                  (?val ?s[ex1:value->?val])                  (?voucher ?customer[ex1:voucher->?voucher])                  Retract(?customer[ex1:voucher->?voucher])                  Retract(?voucher)                  Modify(?s[ex1:value->External(func:numeric-multiply(?val 0.90))]))))      (* ex1:UnknownStatusRule *)    Group (      Forall ?customer such that ?customer # ex1:Customer        (If Not(Exists ?status                       (And(?customer[ex1:status->?status]                            External(pred:list-contains(List("New" "Bronze" "Silver" "Gold") ?status)) )))         Then Do( Execute(act:print(External(func:concat("New customer: " ?customer))))                  Assert(?customer[ex1:status->"New"]))))  ) )   I hope that helps someone out there :-)

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  • Opening cursor files in a graphics editor?

    - by sdaau
    I'm looking at /usr/share/icons/DMZ-White/cursors, and there is: $ tree -s /usr/share/icons/DMZ-White/ /usr/share/icons/DMZ-White/ +-- [ 4096] cursors ¦   +-- [ 14] 00008160000006810000408080010102 -> v_double_arrow ... ¦   +-- [ 5] 9d800788f1b08800ae810202380a0822 -> hand2 ¦   +-- [ 8] arrow -> left_ptr ¦   +-- [ 15776] bd_double_arrow ¦   +-- [ 15776] bottom_left_corner ¦   +-- [ 15776] bottom_right_corner ¦   +-- [ 15776] bottom_side ... ... a bunch of files without extension, that GIMP cannot open. Is there an editor where these files can be opened - or at least a converter to something like .png? I can note that ImageMagick display also failed to open these files... Found also Gursor Maker - Cursor Editor for X11/GTK+; got the CVS code from SourceForge - it still uses Numeric (the old name of numpy), so to run it, you'll have to do: #from Numeric import * from numpy import * ... in xcurio.py, curxp.py, gimp.py, colorfunc.py - and comment the #from xml.dom.ext.reader import Sax2 in lsproj.py. With that, I got it running 11.04: ... but cannot get any files to open? So I thought I should grep for paths, nothing much came up - and when I looked into cursordefs.py, I simply had to paste this: CURSOR_ICON = gtk.gdk.pixbuf_new_from_xpm_data([ "10 16 3 1", " c None", ". c #000000", "+ c #FFFFFF", ".. ", ".+. ", ".++. ", ".+++. ", ".++++. ", ".+++++. ", ".++++++. ", ".+++++++. ", ".++++++++.", ".+++++....", ".++.++. ", ".+. .++. ", ".. .++. ", " .++. ", " .++. ", " .. "]) Heh :) In any case, doesn't look like it will be much usable on newer Ubuntus, unfortunately... Just tested XMC plugin as well - on 11.04, has to be built from source (from the link in the accepted answer); the requirements on my system resolved to: sudo apt-get install libgimp2.0-dev libglib2.0-0-dbg libglib2.0-0-refdbg libglib2.0-cil-dev libgtk2.0-0-dbg libgtk2.0-cil-dev ... after that, the configure/make procedure in the INSTALL file works. Note that this plugin is a bit "sneaky": ... that is, you should use "All files" (as there are no extensions); cursor previews at first will not be rendered. Then open one cursor file; after it has been opened, then there is a preview in the File/Open dialog; but other than that, it works fine...

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  • Using Extended Events in SQL Server Denali CTP1 to Map out the TransactionLog SQL Trace Event EventSubClass Values

    - by Jonathan Kehayias
    John Samson ( Blog | Twitter ) asked on the MSDN Forums about the meaning/description for the numeric values returned by the EventSubClass column of the TransactionLog SQL Trace Event.  John pointed out that this information is not available for this Event like it is for the other events in the Books Online Topic ( TransactionLog Event Class ), or in the sys.trace_subclass_values DMV.  John wanted to know if there was a way to determine this information.  I did some looking and found...(read more)

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  • How do I sort by human readable sizes numerically?

    - by UAdapter
    for example I have command that shows how much space folder takes du folder | sort -n it works great, however I would like to have human readable form du -h folder however if I do that than I cannot sort it as numeric. How to join du folder and du -h folder to see output sorted as du folder, but with first column from du -h folder P.S. this is just an example. this technique might be very useful for me (if its possible)

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  • Conditional Gridview Text - Checkboxes

    This code sample shows how to either show or make invisible, a checkbox in each row of the Gridview, along with making text conditional, based on certain criteria. In this case, if the Postal code starts with a non-numeric character, we change it to "Alt Text", and we set the Visible property of the checkbox in that row to "False"

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  • Multiple Denial of Service (DoS) vulnerabilities in Apache Tomcat

    - by chandan
    CVE DescriptionCVSSv2 Base ScoreComponentProduct and Resolution CVE-2011-4858 Resource Management Errors vulnerability 5.0 Apache Tomcat Solaris 11 11/11 SRU 4 Solaris 10 SPARC: 122911-29 X86: 122912-29 Solaris 9 Contact Support CVE-2012-0022 Numeric Errors vulnerability 5.0 This notification describes vulnerabilities fixed in third-party components that are included in Sun's product distribution.Information about vulnerabilities affecting Oracle Sun products can be found on Oracle Critical Patch Updates and Security Alerts page.

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