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• scanf a byte then print it out?

  - by Sarah

  I've searched around to see if I can find this answer but I can't seem to (please let me know if I'm wrong). I am trying to use scanf to read in a byte, an unsigned int and a char in one .c file and I am trying to access this byte in a different .c file and print it out. (I have already checked to make sure I have included all the appropriate parameters everywhere) But I keep getting errors. The warnings are: database.c: In function ‘addCitizen’: database.c:23:2: warning: format ‘%hhu’ expects argument of type ‘int’, but argument 2 has type ‘byte *’ [-Wformat] database.c:24:2: warning: format ‘%u’ expects argument of type ‘unsigned int’, but argument 2 has type ‘int *’ [-Wformat] database.c:25:2: warning: format ‘%c’ expects argument of type ‘int’, but argument 2 has type ‘char *’ [-Wformat] where I'm scanf'ing: // Request loop while (count-- != 0) { while (1){ // Get values from the user int error = scanf ("%79s %hhu %u %c", tname, &tdist, &tyear, &tgender); addCitizen(db, tname, &tdist, &tyear, &tgender); where I'm printing: void addCitizen(Database *db, char *tname, byte *tdist, int *tyear, char *tgender){ //needs to find the right place in memory to put this stuff and then put it there printf("\nName is: %79s\n", tname); printf("District is: %hhu\n", tdist); printf("Year of birth is: %u\n", tyear); printf("Gender is:%c\n", tgender); I'm not sure where I'm going wrong?

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• How do I stop a page from unloading (navigating away) in JS?

  - by Natalie Downe

  Does anyone know how to stop a page from reloading or navigating away? jQuery(function($) { /* global on unload notification */ warning = true; if(warning) { $(window).bind("unload", function() { if (confirm("Do you want to leave this page") == true) { //they pressed OK alert('ok'); } else { // they pressed Cancel alert('cancel'); return false; } }); } }); I am working on an e-commerce site at the moment, the page that displays your future orders has the ability to alter the quantities of items ordered using +/- buttons. Changing the quantities this way this doesn't actually change the order itself, they have to press confirm and therefore committing a positive action to change the order. However if they have changed the quantities and navigate away from the page I would like to warn them they are doing so in case this is an accident, as the changed quantities will be lost if they navigate away or refresh the page. In the code above I am using a global variable which will be false by default (its only true for testing), when a quantity is changed I will update this variable to be true, and when they confirm the changes I will set it to false. If warning is true and the page is unloaded, I offer them a confirmation box, if they say no they would like to stay on this page I need to stop it from unloading. return false isn't working, it still lets the user navigate away (the alerts are there for debugging only) Any ideas?

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• Pointer inside a struct / thread

  - by bruno

  Hi! I have this warning "warning: assignment from incompatible pointer type " in this line: data1->transformed_block[l] = &transformed_block[l]; - void print_message_function ( void *ptr ) { dt *data; data = (dt *) ptr; printf("Dentro da thread Numero0: %ld\n", data->L_norm_NewBlock); pthread_exit(0); } typedef struct data_thread { long L_norm_NewBlock; int Bsize_X; int Bsize_Y; int *transformed_block[MAX_LEVEL]; long L_norm_OrigBlock; } dt; void function() { int *transformed_block[MAX_LEVEL]; pthread_t thread1; dt *data1; pthread_attr_t attr; pthread_attr_init(&attr); //Fills structure data1 = (dt *) malloc(sizeof(dt)); data1->transformed_block[l] = &transformed_block[l]; data1->L_norm_NewBlock=0; data1->Bsize_Y = Bsize_Y; data1->Bsize_X = Bsize_X; pthread_create(&thread1, &attr, (void *) &print_message_function, (void *) &data1); } I want to get rid of that warning, and the values i get inside the thread are wrong. For example data1-L_norm_NewBlock=0; in the thread guives me a differente value (not 0 like it should be).

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• VS2008 Link Error Using SafeInt3.hpp in 64bit mode.

  - by photo_tom

  I have the below code that links and runs fine in 32bit mode - #include "safeint3.hpp" typedef SafeInt<SIZE_T> SAFE_SIZE_T; SAFE_SIZE_T sizeOfCache; SAFE_SIZE_T _allocateAmt; Where safeint3.hpp is current version that can be found on Codeplex SafeInt. For those who are unaware of it, safeint is a template class that makes working with different integer types and sizes "safe". To quote channel 9 video on software - "it writes the code that you should". Which is my case. I have a class that is managing a large in-memory cache of objects (6gb) and I am very concerned about making sure that I don't have overflow/underflow issues on my pointers/sizes/other integer variables. In this use, it solves many problems. My problem is coming when moving from 32bit dev mode to 64bit production mode. When I build the app in this mode, I'm getting the following linker warnings - 1>cachecontrol.obj : warning LNK4006: "bool __cdecl IntrinsicMultiplyUint64(unsigned __int64 const &,unsigned __int64 const &,unsigned __int64 *)" (?IntrinsicMultiplyUint64@@YA_NAEB_K0PEA_K@Z) already defined in ImageInRamCache.obj; second definition ignored 1>cachecontrol.obj : warning LNK4006: "bool __cdecl IntrinsicMultiplyInt64(__int64 const &,__int64 const &,__int64 *)" (?IntrinsicMultiplyInt64@@YA_NAEB_J0PEA_J@Z) already defined in ImageInRamCache.obj; second definition ignored While I understand I can ignore the error, I would like either (a) prevent the warning from occurring or (b) make it disappear so that my QA department doesn't flag it as a problem. And after spending some time researching it, I cannot find a way to do either.

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• <h:selectOneMenu> ValueChangeListener Problem

  - by Ehsun

  I have two <h:selectOneMenu> tags on my form like this: <h:outputText value="#{lbls.incomeType}:"/> <h:selectOneMenu id="incomeType" label="#{lbls.incomeType}" onchange="submit();" valueChangeListener="#{price.earnTypeValueChanged}" immediate="true"> <f:selectItems value="#{price.earnTypes}"/> <f:converter converterId="ir.khorasancustoms.EarnTypeConverter"/> </h:selectOneMenu> <h:message for="incomeType" infoClass="info" errorClass="error" warnClass="warning" fatalClass="fatal"/> <h:outputText value="#{lbls.earnAttribute}:"/> <h:selectOneMenu id="earnAttribute" label="#{lbls.earnAttribute}" value="#{price.price.earnAttribute}"> <f:selectItems value="#{price.earnAttributes}"/> <f:converter converterId="ir.khorasancustoms.EarnAttributeConverter"/> </h:selectOneMenu> <h:message for="incomeType" infoClass="info" errorClass="error" warnClass="warning" fatalClass="fatal"/> <h:messages globalOnly="true" layout="table" infoClass="info" warnClass="warning" errorClass="error" fatalClass="fatal"/> <h:button value="#{lbls.cancel}" outcome="index"/> <h:commandButton value="#{lbls.ok}" action="#{price.save}"/> the handler in the bean looks like this: public void earnTypeValueChanged(ValueChangeEvent event) { EarnType newEarnType = (EarnType) event.getNewValue(); earnAttributes = newEarnType.getAttributes(); FacesContext.getCurrentInstance().renderResponse(); } Everything works fine, except the user needs to press the OK button twice because the first one fires the earnTypeValueChanged. How is that caused and how can I fix it? Update 1: public void earnTypeValueChanged(ValueChangeEvent event) { EarnType oldEarnType = (EarnType) event.getOldValue(); EarnType newEarnType = (EarnType) event.getNewValue(); earnAttributes = newEarnType.getAttributes(); if (!newEarnType.equals(oldEarnType)) { FacesContext.getCurrentInstance().renderResponse(); } }

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• "Address of" (&) an array / address of being ignored be gcc?

  - by dbarbosa

  Hi, I am a teaching assistant of a introductory programming course, and some students made this type of error: char name[20]; scanf("%s",&name); which is not surprising as they are learning... What is surprising is that, besides gcc warning, the code works (at least this part). I have been trying to understand and I wrote the following code: void foo(int *str1, int *str2) { if (str1 == str2) printf("Both pointers are the same\n"); else printf("They are not the same\n"); } int main() { int test[50]; foo(&test, test); if (&test == test) printf("Both pointers are the same\n"); else printf("They are not the same\n"); } Compiling and executing: $ gcc test.c -g test.c: In function ‘main’: test.c:12: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘foo’ from incompatible pointer type test.c:13: warning: comparison of distinct pointer types lacks a cast $ ./a.out Both pointers are the same Both pointers are the same Can anyone explain why they are not different? I suspect it is because I cannot get the address of an array (as I cannot have & &x), but in this case the code should not compile.

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• issue with keychain and updates from app store

  - by xonegirlz

  I am having a very frustrating error. I have tested for an app upgrade by first installing the previous version (1.0.1) and then running version (1.0.2). Everything worked fine. I submitted the app and then I am getting issues people are getting crashes when they upgrade. I tried doing the same thing, which is installing the 1.0.1 and then install the binary on the app store, then it crashed. I looked at the console and crash logs and I get this: Jul 7 08:07:45 unknown MyApp[1429] <Warning>: KeychainUtils keychainValueForKey: - Error finding keychain value for key. Status code = -25300 Jul 7 08:07:45 unknown MyApp[1429] <Warning>: AccountSession readUserDataFromDisk - Error finding keychain value for key /var/mobile/Applications/997B32E7-6FFC-4696-9CAA-129BADE2FE64/Documents/instagram_json Jul 7 08:07:45 unknown MyApp[1429] <Warning>: UISegmentedControlStyleBezeled is deprecated. Please use a different style. Jul 7 08:07:45 unknown MyApp[1429] <Error>: *** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: '-[__NSCFDictionary setObject:forKey:]: attempt to insert nil value (key: username)' *** First throw call stack: (0x33ee688f 0x367e7259 0x33ee6789 0x33ee67ab 0x33e5368b 0x14fd99 0x152319 0x1530bb 0x170299 0x3270ec59 0x32711817 0x354e7dfb 0x354e7cd0) Jul 7 08:07:45 unknown UIKitApplication:com.firesnakelabs.pinstagram[0x14e4][1429] <Notice>: terminate called throwing an exception >

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• Python to C/C++ const char question

  - by tsukemonoki

  I am extending Python with some C++ code. One of the functions I'm using has the following signature: int PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(PyObject *arg, PyObject *kwdict, char *format, char **kwlist, ...); (link: http://docs.python.org/release/1.5.2p2/ext/parseTupleAndKeywords.html) The parameter of interest is kwlist. In the link above, examples on how to use this function are given. In the examples, kwlist looks like: static char *kwlist[] = {"voltage", "state", "action", "type", NULL}; When I compile this using g++, I get the warning: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ So, I can change the static char* to a static const char*. Unfortunately, I can't change the Python code. So with this change, I get a different compilation error (can't convert char** to const char**). Based on what I've read here, I can turn on compiler flags to ignore the warning or I can cast each of the constant strings in the definition of kwlist to char *. Currently, I'm doing the latter. What are other solutions? Sorry if this question has been asked before. I'm new.

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• Is there any seriously good reason why a view can not completely manage itself?

  - by mystify

  Example: I have an warning triangle icon, which is a UIImageView subclass. That warning is blended in with an animation, pulses for 3 seconds and then fades out. it always has a parent view! it's always only used this way: alloc, init, add as subview, kick off animation, when done:remove from superview So I want this: [WarningIcon warningAtPosition:CGPointMake(50.0f, 100.0f) parentView:self]; BANG! That's it. Call and forget. The view adds itself as subview to the parent, then does it's animations. And when done, it cuts itself off from the branch with [self removeFromSupeview];. Now some nerd a year ago told me: "Never cut yourself off from your own branch". In other words: A view should never ever remove itself from superview if it's no more referenced anywhere. I want to get it, really. WHY? Think about this: The hard way, I would do actually the exact same thing. Create an instance and hang me in as delegate, kick off the animation, and when the warning icon is done animating, it calls me back "hey man i'm done, get rid of me!" - so my delegate method is called with an pointer to that instance, and I do the exact same thing: [thatWarningIcon removeFromSuperview]; - BANG. Now I'd really love to know why this sucks. Life would be so easy.

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• Failed to load url in Dom Document?

  - by Lakhan

  im trying to get latitude and longtitude from google map by giving address. But its giving error.when i directly copy url to browser url bar.its giving correct result.If anybody know the answer .Plz reply. Thanx in advance Here is my code. <?php $key = '[AIzaSyAoPgQlfKsBKQcBGB01cl8KmiPee3SmpU0]'; $opt = array ( 'address' => urlencode('Kolkata,India, ON') , 'output' => 'xml' ); $url = 'http://maps.google.com/maps/geo?q='.$opt['address'].'&output='.$opt['output'].'&oe=utf8&key='.$key; $dom = new DOMDocument(); $dom->load($url); $xpath = new DomXPath($dom); $xpath->registerNamespace('ge', 'http://earth.google.com/kml/2.0'); $statusCode = $xpath->query('//ge:Status/ge:code'); if ($statusCode->item(0)->nodeValue == '200') { $pointStr = $xpath->query('//ge:coordinates'); $point = explode(",", $pointStr->item(0)->nodeValue); $lat = $point[1]; $lon = $point[0]; echo '<pre>'; echo 'Lat: '.$lat.', Lon: '.$lon; echo '</pre>'; } ?> Following error has occured: Warning: DOMDocument::load(http://maps.google.com/maps/geo? q=Kolkata%252CIndia%252C%2BON&output=xml&oe=utf8&key=%5BAIzaSyAoPgQlfKsBKQcBGB01cl8KmiPee3SmpU0%5D) [domdocument.load]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.0 400 Bad Request in C:\xampp\htdocs\draw\draw.php on line 19 Warning: DOMDocument::load() [domdocument.load]: I/O warning : failed to load external entity "http://maps.google.com/maps/geo?q=Kolkata%252CIndia%252C%2BON&output=xml&oe=utf8&key=%5BAIzaSyAoPgQlfKsBKQcBGB01cl8KmiPee3SmpU0%5D" in C:\xampp\htdocs\draw\draw.php on line 19 Notice: Trying to get property of non-object in C:\xampp\htdocs\draw\draw.php on line 26

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• Could this C cast to avoid a signed/unsigned comparison make any sense?

  - by sharptooth

  I'm reviewing a C++ project and see effectively the following: std::vector<SomeType> objects; //then later int size = (int)objects.size(); for( int i = 0; i < size; ++i ) { process( objects[i] ); } Here's what I see. std::vector::size() returns size_t that can be of some size not related to the size of int. Even if sizeof(int) == sizeof(size_t) int is signed and can't hold all possible values of size_t. So the code above could only process the lower part of a very long vector and contains a bug. That said I'm curious of why the author might have written this? My only guess is that first he omitted the (int) cast and the compiler emitted something like Visual C++ C4018 warning: warning C4018: '<' : signed/unsigned mismatch so the author though that the best way to avoid the compiler warning would be to simply cast the size_t to int thus making the compiler shut up. Is there any other possible sane reason for that C cast?

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• Deprecated functions not spotted if using "System::Threading::ThreadState" (and others!) C++ VS2005/

  - by Fishboy

  Hi, I'm facing an issue with c++ on vs2005 and also vs2008... here's how you can reproduce the issue.... create a new (c++) project called 'test' (file|new|project) select "Windows Forms Application" and add the 'stdio.h' include and the code fragment below into the test.cpp source file..... -------------------start of snippet-------------------- #include <stdio.h> ... int main(array<System::String ^> ^args) { int i; System::Threading::ThreadState state; char str[20]; sprintf (str, "%s", "test string"); ... -------------------end of snippet-------------------- If you compile the code as above (you'll have to 'buildall' first), you'll get two warnings about 'i' and 'state' being unreferenced (nothing about sprintf being deprecated). If you comment out "System::Threading :Thread state;", you'll get one warning about 'i' being unreferenced and another warning (C4996) for the 'deprecated' sprintf statement.... This issue also occurs for "System::Windows::Forms::MessageBoxIcon", "System::Base64FormattingOptions" (and perhap all 'enum class' types!) Anyone know of the cause and workaround to the issue demonstrated here ( i have other files that demonstate this issue..). (I had started a thread on msdn, but then found this site! see link below) Visual Studio 2005 has stopped warning about deprecated functions

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• Header redirect and Session start() generating errors

  - by RPK

  I am using following code. I get errors: Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/public_html/mc/cpanel/Source/verifylogin.php:11) Warning: session_start() [function.session-start]: Cannot send session cookie - headers already sent by (output started at /home/public_html/mv/cpanel/Source/verifylogin.php:11) Warning: session_start() [function.session-start]: Cannot send session cache limiter - headers already sent (output started at /home/public_html/mv/cpanel/Source/verifylogin.php:11) <?php error_reporting(E_ALL^ E_NOTICE); ob_start(); require("../Lib/dbaccess.php"); $inQuery = "SELECT mhuserid, mhusername FROM cpanelusers WHERE mhusername = '". $_POST['UserName'] ."' AND mhpassword = '". hash('sha512', $_POST['Password']) ."'"; try { $Result = dbaccess::GetRows($inQuery); echo $Result; $NumRows = mysql_num_rows($Result); if ($NumRows > 0) { header("Location: http://www.example.com/cpanel/mainwindow.php"); session_start(); } else { header("Location: http://www.example.com/cpanel/"); echo "Last login attempt failed."; exit; } } catch(exception $e) { } ob_clean(); ?>

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• Error while saving csv file generated by PHP

  - by user1667374

  I have created below script which is saving the csv file in the same path of this script but when I am saving it to different directory, it gives me error. Can somebody please help me on this? This is the error: Warning: fopen(/store/secure/mas/) [function.fopen]: failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /getdetails.php on line 15 Warning: fputs(): supplied argument is not a valid stream resource in /getdetails.php on line 36 Warning: fclose(): supplied argument is not a valid stream resource in /getdetails.php on line 39 This is the script: <?php $MYSQL_HOST="localhost"; $MYSQL_USERNAME="***"; $MYSQL_PASSWORD="***"; $MYSQL_DATABASE="shop"; $MYSQL_TABLE="ds_orders"; mysql_connect( "$MYSQL_HOST", "$MYSQL_USERNAME", "$MYSQL_PASSWORD" ) or die( mysql_error( ) ); mysql_select_db( "$MYSQL_DATABASE") or die( mysql_error( $conn ) ); $filename="Order_Details"; $directory = "/store/secure/mas/"; $csv_filename = $filename.".csv"; $fd = fopen ( "$directory" . $cvs_filename, "w"); $today="2009-03-17"; $disp_date="05122008"; $sql = "SELECT * FROM $MYSQL_TABLE where cDate='$today'"; $result=mysql_query($sql); $rows=mysql_num_rows($result); echo $rows; if(mysql_num_rows($result)>0){ $fileContent="Record ID,Discount Percent\n"; while($data=mysql_fetch_array($result)) { $fileContent.= "".$data['oID'].",".$data['discount']."\n"; } $fileContent=str_replace("\n\n","\n",$fileContent); fputs($fd, $fileContent); } fclose($fd); ?>

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• Nested modal view controller gives strange message under iOS6?

  - by user1840362

  I am presenting a modal view controller from another modal view controller, and this worked fine under all iOS versions prior to iOS6. But under iOS6 I am getting the following warning message in the emulator: Warning: Attempt to present <UINavigationController: 0x14e93680> on <UINavigationController: 0x9fc6b70> while a presentation is in progress! The modal view controller is not shown if this warning appears. Basically I am using code like this to show the modal view controller: WebAuthViewController *authController = [[WebAuthViewController alloc] initWithNibName:nil bundle:nil]; authController.challenge = challenge; authController.delegate = self; UINavigationController *aNavController = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:authController]; [self presentModalViewController:aNavController animated:YES]; [aNavController release]; [authController release]; The view that is already shown is a UIWebView also shown in a modal view, like this: WebViewController *addController = [[WebViewController alloc] initWithNibName:nil bundle:nil]; addController.urlToLoad = [NSURL URLWithString:urlString]; addController.delegate = self; UINavigationController *navigationController = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:addController]; navigationController.modalTransitionStyle = UIModalTransitionStyleFlipHorizontal; [self presentModalViewController:navigationController animated:YES]; [navigationController release]; [addController release]; The apple docs still suggest that one is supposed to be able to stack navigation controllers like this, so I am at a loss to explain why this happens. Any hints?

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• Looking for something to add some standard rules for my c++ project.

  - by rkb

  Hello all, My team is developing a C++ project on linux. We use vim as editor. I want to enforce some code standard rules in our team in such a way that if the code is not in accordance with it, some sort of warning or error will be thrown when it builds or compiles. Not necessarily it builds but at least I can run some plugin or tools on that code to make sure it meets the standard. So that before committing to svn everyone need to run the code through some sort of plugin or script and make sure it meets the requirement and then only he/she can commit. Not sure if we can add some rules to vim, if there are any let me know about it. For eg. In our code standards all the member variables and private functions should start with _ class A{ private: int _count; float _amount; void _increment_count(){ ++_count; } } So I want to throw some warning or error or some sort of messages for this class if the variables are declared as follows. class A{ private: int count; float amount; void increment_count(){ ++_count; } } Please note that warning and error are not from compiler becoz program is still valid. Its from the tool I want to use so that code goes to re-factoring but still works fine on the executable side. I am looking for some sort of plugin or pre parsers or scripts which will help me in achieving all this. Currently we use svn; just to anser the comment.

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• E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) seems to be choking on kde-runtime-data version issue

  - by BMT

  12.04 LTS, on a dell mini 10. Install stable until about a week ago. Updated about 1x a week, sometimes more often. Several days ago, I booted up and the system was no longer working correctly. All these symptoms occurred simultaneously: Cannot run (exit on opening, every time): Update manager, software center, ubuntuOne, libreOffice. Vinagre autostarts on boot, no explanation, not set to startup with Ubuntu. Using apt-get to fix install results in the following: maura@pandora:~$ sudo apt-get -f install Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required: libtelepathy-farstream2 Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following extra packages will be installed: gwibber gwibber-service kde-runtime-data software-center Suggested packages: gwibber-service-flickr gwibber-service-digg gwibber-service-statusnet gwibber-service-foursquare gwibber-service-friendfeed gwibber-service-pingfm gwibber-service-qaiku unity-lens-gwibber The following packages will be upgraded: gwibber gwibber-service kde-runtime-data software-center 4 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 39 not upgraded. 20 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 0 B/5,682 kB of archives. After this operation, 177 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? debconf: Perl may be unconfigured (Can't locate Scalar/Util.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/perl/5.14.2 /usr/local/share/perl/5.14.2 /usr/lib/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/perl/5.14 /usr/share/perl/5.14 /usr/local/lib/site_perl .) at /usr/lib/perl/5.14/Hash/Util.pm line 9. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /usr/lib/perl/5.14/Hash/Util.pm line 9. Compilation failed in require at /usr/share/perl/5.14/fields.pm line 122. Compilation failed in require at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/Log.pm line 10. Compilation failed in require at (eval 1) line 4. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at (eval 1) line 4. ) -- aborting (Reading database ... 242672 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to replace gwibber 3.4.1-0ubuntu1 (using .../gwibber_3.4.2-0ubuntu1_i386.deb) ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 dpkg - trying script from the new package instead ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/gwibber_3.4.2-0ubuntu1_i386.deb (--unpack): subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error while cleaning up: subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Preparing to replace gwibber-service 3.4.1-0ubuntu1 (using .../gwibber-service_3.4.2-0ubuntu1_all.deb) ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 dpkg - trying script from the new package instead ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/gwibber-service_3.4.2-0ubuntu1_all.deb (--unpack): subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error while cleaning up: subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Preparing to replace kde-runtime-data 4:4.8.3-0ubuntu0.1 (using .../kde-runtime-data_4%3a4.8.4-0ubuntu0.1_all.deb) ... Unpacking replacement kde-runtime-data ... dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/kde-runtime-data_4%3a4.8.4-0ubuntu0.1_all.deb (--unpack): trying to overwrite '/usr/share/sounds', which is also in package sound-theme-freedesktop 0.7.pristine-2 dpkg-deb (subprocess): subprocess data was killed by signal (Broken pipe) dpkg-deb: error: subprocess <decompress> returned error exit status 2 Preparing to replace python-crypto 2.4.1-1 (using .../python-crypto_2.4.1-1_i386.deb) ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 dpkg - trying script from the new package instead ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/python-crypto_2.4.1-1_i386.deb (--unpack): subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error while cleaning up: subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Preparing to replace software-center 5.2.2.2 (using .../software-center_5.2.4_all.deb) ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 dpkg - trying script from the new package instead ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/software-center_5.2.4_all.deb (--unpack): subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error while cleaning up: subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Preparing to replace xdiagnose 2.5 (using .../archives/xdiagnose_2.5_all.deb) ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 dpkg - trying script from the new package instead ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/xdiagnose_2.5_all.deb (--unpack): subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error while cleaning up: subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/gwibber_3.4.2-0ubuntu1_i386.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/gwibber-service_3.4.2-0ubuntu1_all.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/kde-runtime-data_4%3a4.8.4-0ubuntu0.1_all.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/python-crypto_2.4.1-1_i386.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/software-center_5.2.4_all.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/xdiagnose_2.5_all.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) maura@pandora:~$ ^C maura@pandora:~$

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• Nagging As A Strategy For Better Linking: -z guidance

  - by user9154181

  The link-editor (ld) in Solaris 11 has a new feature that we call guidance that is intended to help you build better objects. The basic idea behind guidance is that if (and only if) you request it, the link-editor will issue messages suggesting better options and other changes you might make to your ld command to get better results. You can choose to take the advice, or you can disable specific types of guidance while acting on others. In some ways, this works like an experienced friend leaning over your shoulder and giving you advice — you're free to take it or leave it as you see fit, but you get nudged to do a better job than you might have otherwise. We use guidance to build the core Solaris OS, and it has proven to be useful, both in improving our objects, and in making sure that regressions don't creep back in later. In this article, I'm going to describe the evolution in thinking and design that led to the implementation of the -z guidance option, as well as give a brief description of how it works. The guidance feature issues non-fatal warnings. However, experience shows that once developers get used to ignoring warnings, it is inevitable that real problems will be lost in the noise and ignored or missed. This is why we have a zero tolerance policy against build noise in the core Solaris OS. In order to get maximum benefit from -z guidance while maintaining this policy, I added the -z fatal-warnings option at the same time. Much of the material presented here is adapted from the arc case: PSARC 2010/312 Link-editor guidance The History Of Unfortunate Link-Editor Defaults The Solaris link-editor is one of the oldest Unix commands. It stands to reason that this would be true — in order to write an operating system, you need the ability to compile and link code. The original link-editor (ld) had defaults that made sense at the time. As new features were needed, command line option switches were added to let the user use them, while maintaining backward compatibility for those who didn't. Backward compatibility is always a concern in system design, but is particularly important in the case of the tool chain (compilers, linker, and related tools), since it is a basic building block for the entire system. Over the years, applications have grown in size and complexity. Important concepts like dynamic linking that didn't exist in the original Unix system were invented. Object file formats changed. In the case of System V Release 4 Unix derivatives like Solaris, the ELF (Extensible Linking Format) was adopted. Since then, the ELF system has evolved to provide tools needed to manage today's larger and more complex environments. Features such as lazy loading, and direct bindings have been added. In an ideal world, many of these options would be defaults, with rarely used options that allow the user to turn them off. However, the reality is exactly the reverse: For backward compatibility, these features are all options that must be explicitly turned on by the user. This has led to a situation in which most applications do not take advantage of the many improvements that have been made in linking over the last 20 years. If their code seems to link and run without issue, what motivation does a developer have to read a complex manpage, absorb the information provided, choose the features that matter for their application, and apply them? Experience shows that only the most motivated and diligent programmers will make that effort. We know that most programs would be improved if we could just get you to use the various whizzy features that we provide, but the defaults conspire against us. We have long wanted to do something to make it easier for our users to use the linkers more effectively. There have been many conversations over the years regarding this issue, and how to address it. They always break down along the following lines: Change ld Defaults Since the world would be a better place the newer ld features were the defaults, why not change things to make it so? This idea is simple, elegant, and impossible. Doing so would break a large number of existing applications, including those of ISVs, big customers, and a plethora of existing open source packages. In each case, the owner of that code may choose to follow our lead and fix their code, or they may view it as an invitation to reconsider their commitment to our platform. Backward compatibility, and our installed base of working software, is one of our greatest assets, and not something to be lightly put at risk. Breaking backward compatibility at this level of the system is likely to do more harm than good. But, it sure is tempting. New Link-Editor One might create a new linker command, not called 'ld', leaving the old command as it is. The new one could use the same code as ld, but would offer only modern options, with the proper defaults for features such as direct binding. The resulting link-editor would be a pleasure to use. However, the approach is doomed to niche status. There is a vast pile of exiting code in the world built around the existing ld command, that reaches back to the 1970's. ld use is embedded in large and unknown numbers of makefiles, and is used by name by compilers that execute it. A Unix link-editor that is not named ld will not find a majority audience no matter how good it might be. Finally, a new linker command will eventually cease to be new, and will accumulate its own burden of backward compatibility issues. An Option To Make ld Do The Right Things Automatically This line of reasoning is best summarized by a CR filed in 2005, entitled 6239804 make it easier for ld(1) to do what's best The idea is to have a '-z best' option that unchains ld from its backward compatibility commitment, and allows it to turn on the "best" set of features, as determined by the authors of ld. The specific set of features enabled by -z best would be subject to change over time, as requirements change. This idea is more realistic than the other two, but was never implemented because it has some important issues that we could never answer to our satisfaction: The -z best proposal assumes that the user can turn it on, and trust it to select good options without the user needing to be aware of the options being applied. This is a fallacy. Features such as direct bindings require the user to do some analysis to ensure that the resulting program will still operate properly. A user who is willing to do the work to verify that what -z best does will be OK for their application is capable of turning on those features directly, and therefore gains little added benefit from -z best. The intent is that when a user opts into -z best, that they understand that z best is subject to sometimes incompatible evolution. Experience teaches us that this won't work. People will use this feature, the meaning of -z best will change, code that used to build will fail, and then there will be complaints and demands to retract the change. When (not if) this occurs, we will of course defend our actions, and point at the disclaimer. We'll win some of those debates, and lose others. Ultimately, we'll end up with -z best2 (-z better), or other compromises, and our goal of simplifying the world will have failed. The -z best idea rolls up a set of features that may or may not be related to each other into a unit that must be taken wholesale, or not at all. It could be that only a subset of what it does is compatible with a given application, in which case the user is expected to abandon -z best and instead set the options that apply to their application directly. In doing so, they lose one of the benefits of -z best, that if you use it, future versions of ld may choose a different set of options, and automatically improve the object through the act of rebuilding it. I drew two conclusions from the above history: For a link-editor, backward compatibility is vital. If a given command line linked your application 10 years ago, you have every reason to expect that it will link today, assuming that the libraries you're linking against are still available and compatible with their previous interfaces. For an application of any size or complexity, there is no substitute for the work involved in examining the code and determining which linker options apply and which do not. These options are largely orthogonal to each other, and it can be reasonable not to use any or all of them, depending on the situation, even in modern applications. It is a mistake to tie them together. The idea for -z guidance came from consideration of these points. By decoupling the advice from the act of taking the advice, we can retain the good aspects of -z best while avoiding its pitfalls: -z guidance gives advice, but the decision to take that advice remains with the user who must evaluate its merit and make a decision to take it or not. As such, we are free to change the specific guidance given in future releases of ld, without breaking existing applications. The only fallout from this will be some new warnings in the build output, which can be ignored or dealt with at the user's convenience. It does not couple the various features given into a single "take it or leave it" option, meaning that there will never be a need to offer "-zguidance2", or other such variants as things change over time. Guidance has the potential to be our final word on this subject. The user is given the flexibility to disable specific categories of guidance without losing the benefit of others, including those that might be added to future versions of the system. Although -z fatal-warnings stands on its own as a useful feature, it is of particular interest in combination with -z guidance. Used together, the guidance turns from advice to hard requirement: The user must either make the suggested change, or explicitly reject the advice by specifying a guidance exception token, in order to get a build. This is valuable in environments with high coding standards. ld Command Line Options The guidance effort resulted in new link-editor options for guidance and for turning warnings into fatal errors. Before I reproduce that text here, I'd like to highlight the strategic decisions embedded in the guidance feature: In order to get guidance, you have to opt in. We hope you will opt in, and believe you'll get better objects if you do, but our default mode of operation will continue as it always has, with full backward compatibility, and without judgement. Guidance suggestions always offers specific advice, and not vague generalizations. You can disable some guidance without turning off the entire feature. When you get guidance warnings, you can choose to take the advice, or you can specify a keyword to disable guidance for just that category. This allows you to get guidance for things that are useful to you, without being bothered about things that you've already considered and dismissed. As the world changes, we will add new guidance to steer you in the right direction. All such new guidance will come with a keyword that let's you turn it off. In order to facilitate building your code on different versions of Solaris, we quietly ignore any guidance keywords we don't recognize, assuming that they are intended for newer versions of the link-editor. If you want to see what guidance tokens ld does and does not recognize on your system, you can use the ld debugging feature as follows: % ld -Dargs -z guidance=foo,nodefs debug: debug: Solaris Linkers: 5.11-1.2275 debug: debug: arg[1] option=-D: option-argument: args debug: arg[2] option=-z: option-argument: guidance=foo,nodefs debug: warning: unrecognized -z guidance item: foo The -z fatal-warning option is straightforward, and generally useful in environments with strict coding standards. Note that the GNU ld already had this feature, and we accept their option names as synonyms: -z fatal-warnings | nofatal-warnings --fatal-warnings | --no-fatal-warnings The -z fatal-warnings and the --fatal-warnings option cause the link-editor to treat warnings as fatal errors. The -z nofatal-warnings and the --no-fatal-warnings option cause the link-editor to treat warnings as non-fatal. This is the default behavior. The -z guidance option is defined as follows: -z guidance[=item1,item2,...] Provide guidance messages to suggest ld options that can improve the quality of the resulting object, or which are otherwise considered to be beneficial. The specific guidance offered is subject to change over time as the system evolves. Obsolete guidance offered by older versions of ld may be dropped in new versions. Similarly, new guidance may be added to new versions of ld. Guidance therefore always represents current best practices. It is possible to enable guidance, while preventing specific guidance messages, by providing a list of item tokens, representing the class of guidance to be suppressed. In this way, unwanted advice can be suppressed without losing the benefit of other guidance. Unrecognized item tokens are quietly ignored by ld, allowing a given ld command line to be executed on a variety of older or newer versions of Solaris. The guidance offered by the current version of ld, and the item tokens used to disable these messages, are as follows. Specify Required Dependencies Dynamic executables and shared objects should explicitly define all of the dependencies they require. Guidance recommends the use of the -z defs option, should any symbol references remain unsatisfied when building dynamic objects. This guidance can be disabled with -z guidance=nodefs. Do Not Specify Non-Required Dependencies Dynamic executables and shared objects should not define any dependencies that do not satisfy the symbol references made by the dynamic object. Guidance recommends that unused dependencies be removed. This guidance can be disabled with -z guidance=nounused. Lazy Loading Dependencies should be identified for lazy loading. Guidance recommends the use of the -z lazyload option should any dependency be processed before either a -z lazyload or -z nolazyload option is encountered. This guidance can be disabled with -z guidance=nolazyload. Direct Bindings Dependencies should be referenced with direct bindings. Guidance recommends the use of the -B direct, or -z direct options should any dependency be processed before either of these options, or the -z nodirect option is encountered. This guidance can be disabled with -z guidance=nodirect. Pure Text Segment Dynamic objects should not contain relocations to non-writable, allocable sections. Guidance recommends compiling objects with Position Independent Code (PIC) should any relocations against the text segment remain, and neither the -z textwarn or -z textoff options are encountered. This guidance can be disabled with -z guidance=notext. Mapfile Syntax All mapfiles should use the version 2 mapfile syntax. Guidance recommends the use of the version 2 syntax should any mapfiles be encountered that use the version 1 syntax. This guidance can be disabled with -z guidance=nomapfile. Library Search Path Inappropriate dependencies that are encountered by ld are quietly ignored. For example, a 32-bit dependency that is encountered when generating a 64-bit object is ignored. These dependencies can result from incorrect search path settings, such as supplying an incorrect -L option. Although benign, this dependency processing is wasteful, and might hide a build problem that should be solved. Guidance recommends the removal of any inappropriate dependencies. This guidance can be disabled with -z guidance=nolibpath. In addition, -z guidance=noall can be used to entirely disable the guidance feature. See Chapter 7, Link-Editor Quick Reference, in the Linker and Libraries Guide for more information on guidance and advice for building better objects. Example The following example demonstrates how the guidance feature is intended to work. We will build a shared object that has a variety of shortcomings: Does not specify all it's dependencies Specifies dependencies it does not use Does not use direct bindings Uses a version 1 mapfile Contains relocations to the readonly allocable text (not PIC) This scenario is sadly very common — many shared objects have one or more of these issues. % cat hello.c #include <stdio.h> #include <unistd.h> void hello(void) { printf("hello user %d\n", getpid()); } % cat mapfile.v1 # This version 1 mapfile will trigger a guidance message % cc hello.c -o hello.so -G -M mapfile.v1 -lelf As you can see, the operation completes without error, resulting in a usable object. However, turning on guidance reveals a number of things that could be better: % cc hello.c -o hello.so -G -M mapfile.v1 -lelf -zguidance ld: guidance: version 2 mapfile syntax recommended: mapfile.v1 ld: guidance: -z lazyload option recommended before first dependency ld: guidance: -B direct or -z direct option recommended before first dependency Undefined first referenced symbol in file getpid hello.o (symbol belongs to implicit dependency /lib/libc.so.1) printf hello.o (symbol belongs to implicit dependency /lib/libc.so.1) ld: warning: symbol referencing errors ld: guidance: -z defs option recommended for shared objects ld: guidance: removal of unused dependency recommended: libelf.so.1 warning: Text relocation remains referenced against symbol offset in file .rodata1 (section) 0xa hello.o getpid 0x4 hello.o printf 0xf hello.o ld: guidance: position independent (PIC) code recommended for shared objects ld: guidance: see ld(1) -z guidance for more information Given the explicit advice in the above guidance messages, it is relatively easy to modify the example to do the right things: % cat mapfile.v2 # This version 2 mapfile will not trigger a guidance message $mapfile_version 2 % cc hello.c -o hello.so -Kpic -G -Bdirect -M mapfile.v2 -lc -zguidance There are situations in which the guidance does not fit the object being built. For instance, you want to build an object without direct bindings: % cc -Kpic hello.c -o hello.so -G -M mapfile.v2 -lc -zguidance ld: guidance: -B direct or -z direct option recommended before first dependency ld: guidance: see ld(1) -z guidance for more information It is easy to disable that specific guidance warning without losing the overall benefit from allowing the remainder of the guidance feature to operate: % cc -Kpic hello.c -o hello.so -G -M mapfile.v2 -lc -zguidance=nodirect Conclusions The linking guidelines enforced by the ld guidance feature correspond rather directly to our standards for building the core Solaris OS. I'm sure that comes as no surprise. It only makes sense that we would want to build our own product as well as we know how. Solaris is usually the first significant test for any new linker feature. We now enable guidance by default for all builds, and the effect has been very positive. Guidance helps us find suboptimal objects more quickly. Programmers get concrete advice for what to change instead of vague generalities. Even in the cases where we override the guidance, the makefile rules to do so serve as documentation of the fact. Deciding to use guidance is likely to cause some up front work for most code, as it forces you to consider using new features such as direct bindings. Such investigation is worthwhile, but does not come for free. However, the guidance suggestions offer a structured and straightforward way to tackle modernizing your objects, and once that work is done, for keeping them that way. The investment is often worth it, and will replay you in terms of better performance and fewer problems. I hope that you find guidance to be as useful as we have.

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• Invalid keystore format with SSL in Tomcat 6

  - by strauberry

  I'm trying to setup SSL in my local Tomcat 6 installation. For this, I followed the official How-To doing the following: $JAVA_HOME/bin/keytool -genkey -v -keyalg RSA -alias tomcat -keypass changeit -storepass changeit $JAVA_HOME/bin/keytool -export -alias tomcat -storepass changeit -file /root/server.crt Then changing the $CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml, in-commenting this: <Connector port="8443" protocol="HTTP/1.1" SSLEnabled="true" maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true" clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" keystoreFile="/root/.keystore" keystorePass="changeit" /> After starting Tomcat, I get this Exception: INFO: Initializing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080 30.06.2011 10:15:24 org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSESocketFactory getStore SCHWERWIEGEND: Failed to load keystore type JKS with path /root/.keystore due to Invalid keystore format java.io.IOException: Invalid keystore format at sun.security.provider.JavaKeyStore.engineLoad(JavaKeyStore.java:633) at sun.security.provider.JavaKeyStore$JKS.engineLoad(JavaKeyStore.java:38) at java.security.KeyStore.load(KeyStore.java:1185) When I look into the keystore with keytool -list I get root@host:~# $JAVA_HOME/bin/keytool -list Enter key store password: changeit Key store type: gkr Key store provider: GNU-CRYPTO Key store contains 1 entry(ies) Alias name: tomcat Creation timestamp: Donnerstag, 30. Juni 2011 - 10:13:40 MESZ Entry type: key-entry Certificate fingerprint (MD5): 6A:B9:...C:89:1C Obviously, the keystore types are different. How can I change the type and will this fix my problem? Thank you!

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• How to install PHP5.3 and SQLite3 on Ubuntu 8.04

  - by richard

  Hello, I got a Ubuntu Hardy VPS and I am trying to install PHP5.3 with SQLite. I added the dotdeb PHP5.3 repository and succeeded in installing PHP5.3. But I need to install SQLite as well. When I'm trying to install php5-sqlite3 (sudo aptitude install php5-sqlite3) this is the output: The following packages are BROKEN: php5-sqlite3 The following NEW packages will be automatically installed: php-db php-pear php-sqlite3 The following NEW packages will be installed: php-db php-pear php-sqlite3 0 packages upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 460kB of archives. After unpacking 3027kB will be used. The following packages have unmet dependencies: php5-sqlite3: Depends: phpapi-20060613 which is a virtual package. Resolving dependencies... The following actions will resolve these dependencies: Remove the following packages: libapache2-mod-php5 php5 php5-mysql Install the following packages: php-pear [5.2.4-2ubuntu5.10 (hardy-updates, hardy-security)] Downgrade the following packages: php5-cli [5.3.1-0.dotdeb.1 (<NULL>, now) -> 5.2.4-2ubuntu5.10 (hardy-updates, hardy-security)] php5-common [5.3.1-0.dotdeb.1 (<NULL>, now) -> 5.2.4-2ubuntu5.10 (hardy-updates, hardy-security)] php5-suhosin [5.3.1-0.dotdeb.1 (<NULL>, now) -> 0.9.22-1 (hardy)] Score is 197 Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] Obviously, downgrading PHP is not an option. Please help me! If upgrading the server to a newer release of Ubuntu makes things easier, that's not a problem.

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• ERROR: Can't find the archive-keyring

  - by 23tux

  I'm trying to upgrade my Debian Lenny to Squeeze. I've replaced the word lenny to squeeze in sources.list and ran apt-get clean apt-get update apt-get dist-upgrade But after a while, I get this error Preconfiguring packages ... Setting up debian-archive-keyring (2010.08.28) ... ERROR: Can't find the archive-keyring Is the ubuntu-keyring package installed? dpkg: error processing debian-archive-keyring (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: debian-archive-keyring E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) So I tried to install apt-get -f install debian-archive-keyring and I got the same error. Then I tried to install apt-get -f install ubuntu-keyring and I got this error: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Package ubuntu-keyring is not available, but is referred to by another package. This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or is only available from another source E: Package ubuntu-keyring has no installation candidate Maybe I have the wrong sources in my sources.list: deb ftp://mirror.hetzner.de/debian/packages squeeze main contrib non-free deb ftp://mirror.hetzner.de/debian/security squeeze/updates main contrib non-free deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/ squeeze main non-free contrib deb-src http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/ squeeze main non-free contrib deb http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates main contrib non-free deb-src http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates main contrib non-free Hope anyone can help me, thx, tux

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• How to repair multiple KDC an Netlogon errors

  - by Keith Sirmons

  Howdy, I have several erros in the system event log of my single Windows 2003 SP2 domain controller. Multiple member computers on the domain are listed in these errors. I am seeing two similar errors for each computer one second apart in the event log. Event ID 7 Source KDC The Security Account Manager failed a KDC request in an unexpected way. The error is in the data field. The account name was [email protected] and lookup type 0x8. followed by Event ID 7 Source KDC The Security Account Manager failed a KDC request in an unexpected way. The error is in the data field. The account name was MEMBERNAME$ and lookup type 0x8. The Lookup Types are also different, I have 0x8, 0x28, 0x0, 0x20. I am also receiving other authentication errors in the same time frame as all of the KDC errors Event ID 5722 Source NETLOGON The session setup from the computer MEMBERNAME failed to authenticate. The name(s) of the account(s) referenced in the security database is MEMBERNAME$. The following error occurred: Access is denied. I have run dcdiag /v to see if there was something wrong with Active Directory, but all tests passed. I also ran netdiag /v and it appers all of those tests ran. Any ideas on where to start for this issue? Thank you, Keith

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• openvpn TCP/UDP slow SSH/SMB performance

  - by Petr Latal

  I have question about strange behavior of my openVPN configuration on Debian lenny. I have 2 server configs (one proto tcp-server based and one proto udp based). ISP bandwidth is 7Mbit/7Mbit. When I uses proto tcp-server my download server rate is fine around 6,4 Mbit/s, but upload rate is about 3Mbit/s. When I uses proto udp, my download server rate is around 3Mbit/s and upload rate around 6,4Mbit/s. I tried to handle the MTU, MSSFIX and cipher on/off on server and client configs to synchronize rates, but without solution. Here is TCP based SERVER config: mode server tls-server port 1194 proto tcp-server dev tap0 ifconfig 11.10.15.1 255.255.255.0 ifconfig-pool 11.10.15.2 11.10.15.20 255.255.255.0 push "route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0" push "dhcp-option DNS 192.168.1.200" push "route-gateway 11.10.15.1" push "dhcp-option WINS 192.168.1.200" route-up /etc/openvpn/routeup.sh duplicate-cn ca /etc/openvpn/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/server.crt key /etc/openvpn/server.key dh /etc/openvpn/dh2048.pem log-append /var/log/openvpn.log status /var/run/vpn.status 10 user nobody group nogroup keepalive 10 120 comp-lzo verb 3 script-security 3 plugin /usr/lib/openvpn/openvpn-auth-pam.so system-auth persist-tun persist-key mssfix cipher BF-CBC Here is UDP based SERVER config: port 1194 proto udp dev tun0 local xx.xx.xx.xx server 11.10.15.0 255.255.255.0 ca /etc/openvpn/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/server.crt key /etc/openvpn/server.key dh /etc/openvpn/dh2048.pem log-append /var/log/openvpn.log status /var/run/vpn.status 10 user nobody group nogroup keepalive 10 120 comp-lzo verb 3 duplicate-cn script-security 3 plugin /usr/lib/openvpn/openvpn-auth-pam.so system-auth persist-tun persist-key tun-mtu 1500 mssfix 1212 client-to-client ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt Here is TCP/UDP based windows CLIENT config: remote xx.xx.xx.xx --socket-flags TCP_NODELAY tls-client port 1194 proto tcp-client #proto udp dev tap #dev tun pull ca ca.crt cert latis.crt key latis.key mute 0 comp-lzo adaptive verb 3 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key auth-user-pass auth-nocache script-security 2 mssfix cipher BF-CBC

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• Why are my Windows 7 updates continuously failing?

  - by Chris C.

  I'm an advanced level user here with an odd issue. I have two Windows Updates that are failing to install, every single time. I'm getting a mysterious "Code 1" error on both updates, an error for which I'm having difficulty finding a solution. The updates in question are: Security Update for Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Service Pack 1 Redistributable Package (KB2538243) System Update Readiness Tool for Windows 7 for x64-based Systems (KB947821) [May 2011] Because these updates are failing, the Shut Down button in my start menu always has the shield icon next to it, indicating that "new" updates will be installed on shut down. But, of course, they'll fail and when the PC is restarted, the shield icon is still there. When checking the update history and viewing the details of the failed updates, I get the following: Security Update for Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Service Pack 1 Redistributable Package (KB2538243) Installation date: ?6/?29/?2011 3:00 AM Installation status: Failed Error details: Code 1 Update type: Important A security issue has been identified leading to MFC application vulnerability in DLL planting due to MFC not specifying the full path to system/localization DLLs. You can protect your computer by installing this update from Microsoft. After you install this item, you may have to restart your computer. More information: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=216803 System Update Readiness Tool for Windows 7 for x64-based Systems (KB947821) [May 2011] Installation date: ?6/?28/?2011 3:00 AM Installation status: Failed Error details: Code 1 Update type: Important This tool is being offered because an inconsistency was found in the Windows servicing store which may prevent the successful installation of future updates, service packs, and software. This tool checks your computer for such inconsistencies and tries to resolve issues if found. More information: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/947821 About My System I'm running Windows 7 Home Premium x64 Edition. This is a custom PC build and the OS was installed fresh, not an upgrade from a previous version. I've been running this system for about 4 months. Windows Updates aside, the system is usually quite stable. Thanks in advance for your help!

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• Jetty - 401 Unauthorized when using basic authentication

  - by JP.

  I am running SOLR on jetty in Ubuntu (a bitnami VM, if that helps) and am trying to lock down access to both the admin pages and the update/delete/etc. pages using basic authentication. When I attempt to connect to the admin console via a web browser I am prompted for a user name and password, but the username and password I use simply does not work. For test purposes I am using foo:bar as the credentials, but I receive a '401 Unauthorized' response. I see the following in my request log. 127.0.0.1 - - [10/Nov/2013:05:35:46 +0000] "GET /solr/ HTTP/1.1" 401 1376 Am I doing something wrong and/or is there anything obviously incorrect with the below configuration? Any help is greatly appreciated. Jetty.xml <Call name="addBean"> <Arg> <New class="org.eclipse.jetty.security.HashLoginService"> <Set name="name">solr</Set> <Set name="config"><SystemProperty name="jetty.home" default="."/>/etc/realm.properties</Set> <Set name="refreshInterval">5</Set> </New> </Arg> </Call> /etc/realm.properties foo: bar, solr_admin webdefault.xml <security-constraint> <web-resource-collection> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </web-resource-collection> <auth-constraint> <role-name>solr_admin</role-name> </auth-constraint> </security-constraint> <login-config> <auth-method>BASIC</auth-method> <realm-name>solr</realm-name> </login-config>

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