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• Query something and return the reason if nothing has been found

  - by Daniel Hilgarth

  Assume I have a Query - as in CQS that is supposed to return a single value. Let's assume that the case that no value is found is not exceptional, so no exception will be thrown in this case. Instead, null is returned. However, if no value has been found, I need to act according to the reason why no value has been found. Assuming that the Query knows the reason, how would I communicate it to the caller of the Query? A simple solution would be not return the value directly but a container object that contains the value and the reason: public class QueryResult { public TValue Value { get; private set; } public TReason ReasonForNoValue { get; private set; } } But that feels clumsy, because if a value is found, ReasonForNoValue makes no sense and if no value has been found, Value makes no sense. What other options do I have to communicate the reason? What do you think of one event per reason? For reference: This is going to be implemented in C#.

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• Whether to separate out methods or not

  - by Skippy

  I am new to java and want to learn best coding practices and understand why one method is better than another, in terms of efficiency and as the coding becomes more complicated. This is just an example, but I can take the principles from here to apply elsewhere. I have need an option to display stuff, and have put the method stuff separately from the method to ask if the user wants to display the stuff, as stuff has a lot of lines of code. For readability I have done this: public static void displayStuff () { String input = getInput ("Display stuff? Y/N \n"); if (input..equalsIgnoreCase ("Y")) { stuff (); } else if (input.equalsIgnoreCase ("N")) { //quit program } else { //throw error System.out.print("Error! Enter Y or N: \n"); } } private static String stuff () { //to lots of things here return stuff (); } Or public static void displayStuff () { String input = getInput ("Display stuff? Y/N \n"); if (input..equalsIgnoreCase ("Y")) { //to lots of things here stuff; } else if (input.equalsIgnoreCase ("N")) { //quit program } else { //throw error System.out.print("Error! Enter Y or N: \n"); } } Is it better to keep them together and why? Also, should the second method be private or public, if I am asking for data within the class? I am not sure if this is on topic for here. please advise.

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• How to deal with data on the model specific to the technology being used?

  - by user1620696

  There are some cases where some of the data on a class of the domain model of an application seems to be dependent on the technology being used. One example of this is the following: suppose we are building one application in .NET such that there's the need of an Employee class. Suppose further that we are going to implement relational database, then the Employee has a primary key right? So that the classe would be something like public class Employee { public int EmployeeID { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } ... } Now, that EmployeeID is dependent on the technology right? That's something that has to do with the way we've choose to persist our data. Should we write down a class independent of such things? If we do it this way, how should we work? I think I would need to map all the time between domain model and persistence specific types, but I'm not sure.

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• Making particle bounce off a line with friction

  - by Dlaor

  So I'm making a game and I need a particle to bounce off a line. I've got this so far: public static Vector2f Reflect(this Vector2f vec, Vector2f axis) //vec is velocity { Vector2f result = vec - 2f * axis * axis.Dot(vec); return result; } Which works fine, but then I decided I wanted to be able to change the bounciness and friction of the bounce. I got bounciness down... public static Vector2f Reflect(this Vector2f vec, Vector2f axis, float bounciness) //Bounciness goes from 0 to 1, 0 being not bouncy and 1 being perfectly bouncy { var reflect = (1 + bounciness); //2f Vector2f result = vec - reflect * axis * axis.Dot(vec); return result; } But when I tried to add friction, everything went to hell and back... public static Vector2f Reflect(this Vector2f vec, Vector2f axis, float bounciness, float friction) //Does not work at all! { var reflect = (1 + bounciness); //2f Vector2f subtract = reflect * axis * axis.Dot(vec); Vector2f subtract2 = axis * axis.Dot(vec); Vector2f result = vec - subtract; result -= axis.PerpendicularLeft() * subtract2.Length() * friction; return result; } Any physics guys willing to help me out with this? (if you're not sure what I mean with the friction of a bounce see this: http://www.metanetsoftware.com/technique/diagrams/A-1_particle_collision.swf)

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• LibGdx, Texture an Object

  - by Gigi10012

  I want to set texture to an Object, this is my playerobject class: private boolean up; private float speed; private float fallacceleration = 20; private float acceleration = 15; private float maxSpeed = 300; SpriteBatch batch; public Player() { x = MyGdxGame.WIDTH - 9*MyGdxGame.WIDTH/10; y = MyGdxGame.HEIGHT - 3 * MyGdxGame.HEIGHT/10; shapex = new float[4]; shapey = new float[4]; radians = 2*MathUtils.PI; batch = new SpriteBatch(); } private void setShape() { //Simple Arrow Shape ...... } public void update(float dt) { setShape(); } public void draw(ShapeRenderer sr) { sr.setColor(0F, 0F, 0F, 1F); sr.begin(ShapeType.Line); //Drawing Shape .............. sr.end(); } What I have to do to add texture to that object? (I'm using LibGdx)

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• Why is CS never a topic of conversation of the layman? [closed]

  - by hydroparadise

  Granted, every profession has it's technicalities. If you are an MD, you better know the anatomy of the human body, and if you are astronomer, you better know your calculus. Yet, you don't have to know these more advance topics to know that smoking might give you lung cancer because of carcinogens or the moon revolves around the earth because of gravity (thank you Discovery Channel). There's sort of a common knowledge (at least in more developed countries) of these more advanced topics. With that said, why are things like recursive descent parsing, BNF, or Turing machines hardly ever mentioned outsided 3000 or 4000 level classes in a university setting or between colleagues? Even back in my days before college in my pursuit of knowledge on how computers work, these very important topics (IMHO) never seem to get the light of day. Many different sources and sites go into "What is a processor?" or "What is RAM?", or "What is an OS?". You might get lucky and discover something about programming languages and how they play a role in how applications are created, but nothing about the tools for creating the language itself. To extend this idea, Dennis Ritchie died shortly after Steve Jobs, yet Dennis Ritchie got very little press compared to Steve Jobs. So, the heart of my question: Does the public in general not care to hear about computer science topics that make the technology in their lives work, or does the computer science community not lend itself to the general public to close the knowledge gap? Am I wrong to think the general public has the same thirst for knowledge on how things work as I do? Please consider the question carefully before answering or vote closing please.

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• Is it a good programming practice to have a class with several .h files?

  - by Jim Thio

  I suppose the class have several different interfaces. Some it shows to some class, some it shows to other classes. Are there any good reason for that? One thing I can think of is with one .h per class, interface would either be public or private. What about if I want some interface to be available to some friends' class and some interface to be truly public? Sample: @interface listNewController:BadgerStandardViewViewController <UITableViewDelegate,UITableViewDataSource,UITextFieldDelegate,NSFetchedResultsControllerDelegate,UIScrollViewDelegate,UIGestureRecognizerDelegate> { } @property (nonatomic) IBOutlet NSFetchedResultsController *FetchController; @property (nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *searchBar1; @property (nonatomic) IBOutlet UITableView *tableViewA; + (listNewController *) singleton; //For Easier Access -(void)collapseAll; -(void)TitleViewClicked:(TitleView *) theTitleView; -(NSUInteger) countOfEachSection:(NSInteger)section; @end Many of those public properties and function are only ever called by just one other classes. I wonder why I need to make them available to many classes. It's in Objective-c by the way

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• Get Func-y v2.0

  - by PhubarBaz

  In my last post I talked about using funcs in C# to do async calls in WinForms to free up the main thread for the UI. In that post I demonstrated calling a method and then waiting until the value came back. Today I want to talk about calling a method and then continuing on and handling the results of the async call in a callback.The difference is that in the previous example although the UI would not lock up the user couldn't really do anything while the other thread was working because it was waiting for it to finish. This time I want to allow the user to continue to do other stuff while waiting for the thread to finish.Like before I have a service call I want to make that takes a long time to finish defined in a method called MyServiceCall. We need to define a callback method takes an IAsyncResult parameter.public ServiceCallResult MyServiceCall(int param1)...public int MyCallbackMethod(IAsyncResult ar)...We start the same way by defining a delegate to the service call method using a Func. We need to pass an AsyncCallback object into the BeginInvoke method. This will tell it to call our callback method when MyServiceCall finishes. The second parameter to BeginInvoke is the Func delegate. This will give us access to it in our callback.Func<int, ServiceCallResult> f = MyServiceCall;AsyncCallback callback =   new AsyncCallback(MyCallbackMethod);IAsyncResult async = f.BeginInvoke(23, callback, f); Now let's expand the callback method. The IAsyncResult parameter contains the Func delegate in its AsyncState property. We call EndInvoke on that Func to get the return value.public int MyCallbackMethod(IAsyncResult ar){    Func<int, ServiceCallResult> delegate =        (Func<int, ServiceCallResult>)ar.AsyncState;    ServiceCallResult result = delegate.EndInvoke(ar);}There you have it. Now you don't have to make the user wait for something that isn't critical to the loading of the page.

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• Loading Entities Dynamically with Entity Framework

  - by Ricardo Peres

  Sometimes we may be faced with the need to load entities dynamically, that is, knowing their Type and the value(s) for the property(ies) representing the primary key. One way to achieve this is by using the following extension methods for ObjectContext (which can be obtained from a DbContext, of course): 1: public static class ObjectContextExtensions 2: { 3: public static Object Load(this ObjectContext ctx, Type type, params Object [] ids) 4: { 5: Object p = null; 6:  7: EntityType ospaceType = ctx.MetadataWorkspace.GetItems<EntityType>(DataSpace.OSpace).SingleOrDefault(x => x.FullName == type.FullName); 8:  9: List<String> idProperties = ospaceType.KeyMembers.Select(k => k.Name).ToList(); 10:  11: List<EntityKeyMember> members = new List<EntityKeyMember>(); 12:  13: EntitySetBase collection = ctx.MetadataWorkspace.GetEntityContainer(ctx.DefaultContainerName, DataSpace.CSpace).BaseEntitySets.Where(x => x.ElementType.FullName == type.FullName).Single(); 14:  15: for (Int32 i = 0; i < ids.Length; ++i) 16: { 17: members.Add(new EntityKeyMember(idProperties[i], ids[i])); 18: } 19:  20: EntityKey key = new EntityKey(String.Concat(ctx.DefaultContainerName, ".", collection.Name), members); 21:  22: if (ctx.TryGetObjectByKey(key, out p) == true) 23: { 24: return (p); 25: } 26:  27: return (p); 28: } 29:  30: public static T Load<T>(this ObjectContext ctx, params Object[] ids) 31: { 32: return ((T)Load(ctx, typeof(T), ids)); 33: } 34: } This will work with both single-property primary keys or with multiple, but you will have to supply each of the corresponding values in the appropriate order. Hope you find this useful!

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• JSR Updates and EC Meeting Tuesday @ 15:00 PST

  - by Heather VanCura

  JSR 310, Date and Time API, has moved to JCP 2.9 (first JCP 2.9 JSR!) JSR 236, Concurrency Utilities for Java EE, has published an Early Draft Review. This review ends 15 December 2012.  Tomorrow, Tuesday 20 November is the last Public EC Meeting of 2012, and the first EC meeting with the merged EC. The second hour of this meeting will be open to the public at 3:00 PM PST. The agenda includes  JSR 355,  EC merge implementation report, JSR 358 (JCP.next.3) status report, JCP 2.8 status update and community audit program.  Details are below. We hope you will join us, but if you cannot attend, not to worry--the recording and materials will also be public on the JCP.org multimedia page. Meeting details Date & Time Tuesday November 20, 2012, 3:00 - 4:00 pm PST Location Teleconference Dial-in +1 (866) 682-4770 (US) Conference code: 627-9803 Security code: 52732 ("JCPEC" on your phone handset) For global access numbers see http://www.intercall.com/oracle/access_numbers.htm Or +1 (408) 774-4073 WebEx Browse for the meeting from https://jcp.webex.com No registration required (enter your name and email address) Password: JCPEC Agenda JSR 355 (the EC merge) implementation report JSR 358 (JCP.next.3) status report 2.8 status update and community audit program Discussion/Q&A Note The call will be recorded and the recording published on jcp.org, so those who are unable to join in real-time will still be able to participate.

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• Cookie access within a HTTP Class

  - by James Jeffery

  I have a HTTP class that has a Get, and Post, method. It's a simple class I created to encapsulate Post and Get requests so I don't have to repeat the get/post code throughout the application. In C#: class HTTP { private CookieContainer cookieJar; private String userAgent = "..."; public HTTP() { this.cookieJar = new CookieContainer(); } public String get(String url) { // Make get request. Return the JSON } public String post(String url, String postData) { // Make post request. Return the JSON } } I've made the CookieJar a property because I want to preserve the cookie values throughout the session. If the user is logged into Twitter with my application, each request I make (be it get or post) I want to use the cookies so they remain logged in. That's the basics of it anyway. But, I don't want to return a string in all instances. Sometimes I may want the cookie, or a header value, or something else from the request. Ideally I'd like to be able to do this in my code: Cookie cookie = http.get("http://google.com").cookie("g_user"); String g_user = cookie.value; or String source = http.get("http://google.com").body; My question - To do this, would I need to have a Get class, and a Post class, that are included within the HTTP class and are accessible via accessors? Within the Get and Post class I would then have the Cookie method, and the body property, and whatever else is needed. Should I also use an interface, or create a Request class and have Post and Get extend it so that common methods and properties are available to both classes? Or, am I thinking totally wrong?

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• libgdx loading textures fails [duplicate]

  - by Chris

  This question already has an answer here: Why do I get this file loading exception when trying to draw sprites with libgdx? 4 answers I'm trying to load my texture with playerTex = new Texture(Gdx.files.internal("player.jpg")); player.jpg is located under my-gdx-game-android/assets/data/player.jpg I get an exception like this: Full Code: @Override public void create() { camera = new OrthographicCamera(); camera.setToOrtho(false, Gdx.graphics.getWidth(), Gdx.graphics.getHeight()); batch = new SpriteBatch(); FileHandle file = Gdx.files.internal("player.jpg"); playerTex = new Texture(file); player = new Rectangle(); player.x = 800-20; player.y = 250; player.width = 20; player.height = 80; } @Override public void dispose() { // dispose of all the native resources playerTex.dispose(); batch.dispose(); } @Override public void render() { Gdx.gl.glClearColor(1, 1, 1, 1); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); camera.update(); batch.setProjectionMatrix(camera.combined); batch.begin(); batch.draw(playerTex, player.x, player.y); batch.end(); if(Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Keys.DOWN)) player.y -= 50 * Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime(); if(Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Keys.UP)) player.y += 50 * Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime(); }

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• Project Euler Problem 14

  - by MarkPearl

  The Problem The following iterative sequence is defined for the set of positive integers: n n/2 (n is even) n 3n + 1 (n is odd) Using the rule above and starting with 13, we generate the following sequence: 13 40 20 10 5 16 8 4 2 1 It can be seen that this sequence (starting at 13 and finishing at 1) contains 10 terms. Although it has not been proved yet (Collatz Problem), it is thought that all starting numbers finish at 1. Which starting number, under one million, produces the longest chain? NOTE: Once the chain starts the terms are allowed to go above one million. The Solution   public static long NextResultOdd(long n) { return (3 * n) + 1; } public static long NextResultEven(long n) { return n / 2; } public static long TraverseSequence(long n) { long x = n; long count = 1; while (x > 1) { if (x % 2 == 0) x = NextResultEven(x); else x = NextResultOdd(x); count++; } return count; } static void Main(string[] args) { long largest = 0; long pos = 0; for (long i = 1000000; i > 1; i--) { long temp = TraverseSequence(i); if (temp > largest) { largest = temp; pos = i; } } Console.WriteLine("{0} - {1}", pos, largest); Console.ReadLine(); }

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• JAVA Gui on Hello World [closed]

  - by user58892

  I am designing, implementing, testing, and debuging a GUI-based version of a “Hello, World!” program in a JFrame that includes a JLabel that reads “Hello, World!” and I am trying to use a layout manager, and an Exit button to close the program. Here's what I have so far, I would really apreciate if you could help on it syntax. I am 90% done but tried hard and it couldn't run. import java.awt.*; // Needed for flow layout manager import javax.swing.*; //All swing components live in the javax.swing package import javax.swing.JButton; //to recognize buttons import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.JTextField; public class HelloWorld { public static void main(String[] args) { //creates the label. The JLabel constructor //takes an optional argument which set the text of the label /* The text will be aligned with the center of the frame * otherwise it will align on the left. */ JLabel label= new JLabel("Hello World!"); new FlowWindow(); label.setHorizontalAlignment (SwingConstants.CENTER); JFrame frame = new JFrame("Hello"); //create exit button JButton button1 = new JButton("Exit"); //Add exit button to the content pane. add(button1); frame.add(label); frame.setSize(300, 300); frame.setVisible(true); frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null); frame.toFront(); } public static void FlowWindow() { //Add a new FlowLayout()); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } }

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• Resource Acquisition is Initialization in C#

  - by codeWithoutFear

  Resource Acquisition Is Initialization (RAII) is a pattern I grew to love when working in C++.  It is perfectly suited for resource management such as matching all those pesky new's and delete's.  One of my goals was to limit the explicit deallocation statements I had to write.  Often these statements became victims of run-time control flow changes (i.e. exceptions, unhappy path) or development-time code refactoring. The beauty of RAII is realized by tying your resource creation (acquisition) to the construction (initialization) of a class instance.  Then bind the resource deallocation to the destruction of that instance.  That is well and good in a language with strong destructor semantics like C++, but languages like C# that run on garbage-collecting runtimes don't provide the same instance lifetime guarantees. Here is a class and sample that combines a few features of C# to provide an RAII-like solution: using System; namespace RAII { public class DisposableDelegate : IDisposable { private Action dispose; public DisposableDelegate(Action dispose) { if (dispose == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("dispose"); } this.dispose = dispose; } public void Dispose() { if (this.dispose != null) { Action d = this.dispose; this.dispose = null; d(); } } } class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Console.Out.WriteLine("Some resource allocated here."); using (new DisposableDelegate(() => Console.Out.WriteLine("Resource deallocated here."))) { Console.Out.WriteLine("Resource used here."); throw new InvalidOperationException("Test for resource leaks."); } } } } The output of this program is: Some resource allocated here. Resource used here. Unhandled Exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Test for resource leaks. at RAII.Program.Main(String[] args) in c:\Dev\RAII\RAII\Program.cs:line 40 Resource deallocated here. Code without fear! --Don

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• HTML Tidy in NetBeans IDE

  - by Geertjan

  First step in integrating HTML Tidy (via its JTidy implementation) into NetBeans IDE: The reason why I started doing this is because I want to integrate this into the pluggable analyzer functionality of NetBeans IDE that I recently blogged about, i.e., where the FindBugs functionality is found. So a logical first step is to get it working in an Action class, after which I can port it into the analyzer infrastructure: import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.io.StringWriter; import org.openide.awt.ActionID; import org.openide.awt.ActionReference; import org.openide.awt.ActionReferences; import org.openide.awt.ActionRegistration; import org.openide.cookies.EditorCookie; import org.openide.cookies.LineCookie; import org.openide.loaders.DataObject; import org.openide.text.Line; import org.openide.text.Line.ShowOpenType; import org.openide.util.Exceptions; import org.openide.util.NbBundle.Messages; import org.openide.windows.IOProvider; import org.openide.windows.InputOutput; import org.openide.windows.OutputEvent; import org.openide.windows.OutputListener; import org.openide.windows.OutputWriter; import org.w3c.tidy.Tidy; @ActionID(     category = "Tools", id = "org.jtidy.TidyAction") @ActionRegistration(     displayName = "#CTL_TidyAction") @ActionReferences({     @ActionReference(path = "Loaders/text/html/Actions", position = 150),     @ActionReference(path = "Editors/text/html/Popup", position = 750) }) @Messages("CTL_TidyAction=Run HTML Tidy") public final class TidyAction implements ActionListener {     private final DataObject context;     private final OutputWriter writer;     private EditorCookie ec = null;     public TidyAction(DataObject context) {         this.context = context;         ec = context.getLookup().lookup(org.openide.cookies.EditorCookie.class);         InputOutput io = IOProvider.getDefault().getIO("HTML Tidy", false);         io.select();         writer = io.getOut();     }     @Override     public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ev) {         Tidy tidy = new Tidy();         try {             writer.reset();             StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();             PrintWriter errorWriter = new PrintWriter(stringWriter);             tidy.setErrout(errorWriter);             tidy.parse(context.getPrimaryFile().getInputStream(), System.out);             String[] split = stringWriter.toString().split("\n");             for (final String string : split) {                 final int end = string.indexOf(" c");                 if (string.startsWith("line")) {                     writer.println(string, new OutputListener() {                         @Override                         public void outputLineAction(OutputEvent oe) {                             LineCookie lc = context.getLookup().lookup(LineCookie.class);                             int lineNumber = Integer.parseInt(string.substring(0, end).replace("line ", ""));                             Line line = lc.getLineSet().getOriginal(lineNumber - 1);                             line.show(ShowOpenType.OPEN, Line.ShowVisibilityType.FOCUS);                         }                         @Override                         public void outputLineSelected(OutputEvent oe) {}                         @Override                         public void outputLineCleared(OutputEvent oe) {}                     });                 }             }         } catch (IOException ex) {             Exceptions.printStackTrace(ex);         }     } } The string parsing above is ugly but gets the job done for now. A problem integrating this into the pluggable analyzer functionality is the limitation of its scope. The analyzer lets you select one or more projects, or individual files, but not a folder. So it doesn't work on folders in the Favorites window, for example, which is where I'd like to apply HTML Tidy, across multiple folders via the analyzer functionality. That's a bit of a bummer that I'm hoping to get around somehow.

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• XNA - Inconsistent accessibility: parameter type is less accessible than method

  - by DijkeMark

  I have a level class in which I make a new turret. I give the turret the level class as parameter. So far so good. Then in the Update function of the Turret I call a function Shoot(), which has that level parameter it got at the moment I created it. But from that moment it gives the following error: Inconsistent accessibility: parameter type 'Space_Game.Level' is less accessible than method 'Space_Game.GameObject.Shoot(Space_Game.Level, string)' All I know it has something to do with not thr right protection level or something like that. The level class: public Level(Game game, Viewport viewport) { _game = game; _viewport = viewport; _turret = new Turret(_game, "blue", this); _turret.SetPosition((_viewport.Width / 2).ToString(), (_viewport.Height / 2).ToString()); } The Turret Class: public Turret(Game game, String team, Level level) :base(game) { _team = team; _level = level; switch (_team) { case "blue": _texture = LoadResources._blue_turret.Texture; _rows = LoadResources._blue_turret.Rows; _columns = LoadResources._blue_turret.Columns; _maxFrameCounter = 10; break; default: break; } _frameCounter = 0; _currentFrame = 0; _currentFrameMultiplier = 1; } public override void Update() { base.Update(); SetRotation(); Shoot(_level, "turret"); } The Shoot Function (Which is in GameObject class. The Turret Class inherited the GameObject Class. (Am I saying that right?)): protected void Shoot(Level level, String type) { MouseState mouse = Mouse.GetState(); if (mouse.LeftButton == ButtonState.Pressed) { switch (_team) { case "blue": switch (type) { case "turret": TurretBullet _turretBullet = new TurretBullet(_game, _team); level.AddProjectile(_turretBullet); break; default: break; } break; default: break; } } } Thanks in Advance, Mark Dijkema

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• List has no value after adding values in

  - by Sigh-AniDe

  I am creating a a ghost sprite that will mimic the main sprite after 10 seconds of the game. I am storing the users movements in a List<string> and i am using a foreach loop to run the movements. The problem is when i run through the game by adding breakpoints the movements are being added to the List<string> but when the foreach runs it shows that the list has nothing in it. Why does it do that? How can i fix it? this is what i have: public List<string> ghostMovements = new List<string>(); public void UpdateGhost(float scalingFactor, int[,] map) { // At this foreach, ghostMovements has nothing in it foreach (string s in ghostMovements) { // current position of the ghost on the tiles int mapX = (int)(ghostPostition.X / scalingFactor); int mapY = (int)(ghostPostition.Y / scalingFactor); if (s == "left") { switch (ghostDirection) { case ghostFacingUp: angle = 1.6f; ghostDirection = ghostFacingRight; Program.form.direction = ""; break; case ghostFacingRight: angle = 3.15f; ghostDirection = ghostFacingDown; Program.form.direction = ""; break; case ghostFacingDown: angle = -1.6f; ghostDirection = ghostFacingLeft; Program.form.direction = ""; break; case ghostFacingLeft: angle = 0.0f; ghostDirection = ghostFacingUp; Program.form.direction = ""; break; } } } } // The movement is captured here and added to the list public void captureMovement() { ghostMovements.Add(Program.form.direction); }

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• Crash when trying to detect touch

  - by iQue

  I've got a character in a 2D game using surfaceView that I want to be able to move using a button (eventually a joystick), but my game crashes as soon as I try to move my sprite. This is my onTouch-method for my steering button: public void handleActionDown(int eventX, int eventY) { if (eventX >= (x - bitmap.getWidth() / 2) && (eventX <= (x + bitmap.getWidth()/2))) { if (eventY >= (y - bitmap.getHeight() / 2) && (y <= (y + bitmap.getHeight() / 2))) { setTouched(true); } else { setTouched(false); } } else { setTouched(false); } And if I try to put this in my update-method: public void update() { x += (speed.getXv() * speed.getxDirection()); y += (speed.getYv() * speed.getyDirection()); } The sprite moves on its own just fine, but as soon as I add: public void update() { if(steering.isTouched()){ x += (speed.getXv() * speed.getxDirection()); y += (speed.getYv() * speed.getyDirection()); } the game crashes. Does anyone know why this is or how to fix it? I cannot figure it out. I'm using MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN to check if the user if pressing the screen.

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• How to pass an interface to Java from Unity code?

  - by nickbadal

  First, let me say that this is my first experience with Unity, so the answer may be right under my nose. I've also posted this question on Unity's answers site, but plugin questions don't seem to be as frequently answered there. I'm trying to create a plugin that allows me to access an SDK from my game. I can call SDK methods just fine using AndroidJavaObject and I can pass data to them with no issue. But there are some SDK methods that require an interface to be passed. For example, my Java function: public void attemptLogin(String username, String password, LoginListener listener); Where listener; is a callback interface. I would normally run this code from Java as such: attemptLogin("username", "password", new LoginListener() { @Override public void onSuccess() { //Yay! do some stuff in the game } @Override public void onFailure(int error) { //Uh oh, find out what happened based on error } }); Is there a way to pass a C# interface through JNI/Unity to my attemptLogin function? Or is there a way to create a mimic-ing interface in C# that I can call from inside the Java code (and pass in any kind of parameter)? Thanks in advance! :)

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• Useful WatiN Extension Methods

  - by Steve Wilkes

  I've been doing a fair amount of UI testing using WatiN recently – here’s some extension methods I've found useful. This checks if a WatiN TextField is actually a hidden field. WatiN makes no distinction between text and hidden inputs, so this can come in handy if you render an input sometimes as hidden and sometimes as a visible text field. Note that this doesn't check if an input is visible (I've got another extension method for that in a moment), it checks if it’s hidden. public static bool IsHiddenField(this TextField textField) { if (textField == null || !textField.Exists) { return false; } var textFieldType = textField.GetAttributeValue("type"); return (textFieldType != null) && textFieldType.ToLowerInvariant() == "hidden"; } The next method quickly sets the value of a text field to a given string. By default WatiN types the text you give it into a text field one character at a time which can be necessary if you have behaviour you want to test which is triggered by individual key presses, but which most of time is just painfully slow; this method dumps the text in in one go. Note that if it's not a hidden field then it gives it focus first; this helps trigger validation once the value has been set and focus moves elsewhere. public static void SetText(this TextField textField, string value) { if ((textField == null) || !textField.Exists) { return; } if (!textField.IsHiddenField()) { textField.Focus(); } textField.Value = value; } Finally, here's a method which checks if an Element is currently visible. It does so by walking up the DOM and checking for a Style.Display of 'none' on any element between the one on which the method is invoked, and any of its ancestors. public static bool IsElementVisible(this Element element) { if ((element == null) || !element.Exists) { return false; } while ((element != null) && element.Exists) { if (element.Style.Display.ToLowerInvariant().Contains("none")) { return false; } element = element.Parent; } return true; } Hope they come in handy

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• How to configure background image to be at the bottom OpenGL Android

  - by Maxim Shoustin

  I have class that draws white line: public class Line { //private FloatBuffer vertexBuffer; private FloatBuffer frameVertices; ByteBuffer diagIndices; float[] vertices = { -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f }; public Line(GL10 gl) { // a float has 4 bytes so we allocate for each coordinate 4 bytes ByteBuffer vertexByteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertices.length * 4); vertexByteBuffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()); // allocates the memory from the byte buffer frameVertices = vertexByteBuffer.asFloatBuffer(); // fill the vertexBuffer with the vertices frameVertices.put(vertices); // set the cursor position to the beginning of the buffer frameVertices.position(0); } /** The draw method for the triangle with the GL context */ public void draw(GL10 gl) { gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); gl.glVertexPointer(2, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, frameVertices); gl.glColor4f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1f); gl.glDrawArrays(GL10.GL_LINE_LOOP , 0, vertices.length / 3); gl.glLineWidth(5.0f); gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); } } It works fine. The problem is: When I add BG image, I don't see the line glView = new GLSurfaceView(this); // Allocate a GLSurfaceView glView.setEGLConfigChooser(8, 8, 8, 8, 16, 0); glView.setRenderer(new mainRenderer(this)); // Use a custom renderer glView.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.bg_day); // <- BG glView.setRenderMode(GLSurfaceView.RENDERMODE_WHEN_DIRTY); glView.getHolder().setFormat(PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT); How to get rid of that?

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• How to implement isValid correctly?

  - by Songo

  I'm trying to provide a mechanism for validating my object like this: class SomeObject { private $_inputString; private $_errors=array(); public function __construct($inputString) { $this->_inputString = $inputString; } public function getErrors() { return $this->_errors; } public function isValid() { $isValid = preg_match("/Some regular expression here/", $this->_inputString); if($isValid==0){ $this->_errors[]= 'Error was found in the input'; } return $isValid==1; } } Then when I'm testing my code I'm doing it like this: $obj = new SomeObject('an INVALID input string'); $isValid = $obj->isValid(); $errors=$obj->getErrors(); $this->assertFalse($isValid); $this->assertNotEmpty($errors); Now the test passes correctly, but I noticed a design problem here. What if the user called $obj->getErrors() before calling $obj->isValid()? The test will fail because the user has to validate the object first before checking the error resulting from validation. I think this way the user depends on a sequence of action to work properly which I think is a bad thing because it exposes the internal behaviour of the class. How do I solve this problem? Should I tell the user explicitly to validate first? Where do I mention that? Should I change the way I validate? Is there a better solution for this? UPDATE: I'm still developing the class so changes are easy and renaming functions and refactoring them is possible.

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• Do ALL your variables need to be declared private? [closed]

  - by skizeey

  Possible Duplicate: Why do we need private variables? I know that it's best practice to stay safe, and that we should always prevent others from directly accessing a class' properties. I hear this all the time from university professors, and I also see this all the time in a lot of source code released on the App Hub. In fact, professors say that they will actually take marks off for every variable that gets declared public. Now, this leaves me always declaring variables as private. No matter what. Even if each of these variables were to have both a getter and a setter. But here's the problem: it's tedious work. I tend to quickly lose interest in a project every time I need to have a variable in a class that could have simply been declared public instead of private with a getter and a setter. So my question is, do I really need to declare all my variables private? Or could I declare some variables public whenever they require both a getter and a setter?

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• Combinatorial explosion of interfaces: How many is too many?

  - by mga

  I'm a relative newcomer to OOP, and I'm having a bit of trouble creating good designs when it comes to interfaces. Consider a class A with N public methods. There are a number of other classes, B, C, ..., each of which interacts with A in a different way, that is, accesses some subset (<= N) of A's methods. The maximum degree of encapsulation is achieved by implementing an interface of A for each other class, i.e. AInterfaceForB, AInterfaceForC, etc. However, if B, C, ... etc. also interact with A and with each other, then there will be a combinatorial explosion of interfaces (a maximum of n(n-1), to be precise), and the benefit of encapsulation becomes outweighed by a code-bloat. What is the best practice in this scenario? Is the whole idea of restricting access to a class's public functions in different ways for other different classes just silly altogether? One could imagine a language that explicitly allows for this sort of encapsulation (e.g. instead of declaring a function public, one could specify exactly which classes it is visible to); Since this is not a feature of C++, maybe it's misguided to try to do it through the back door with interaces?

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