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  • How to find full module path of a class to import in other file

    - by Pooya
    I have method that returns module path of given class name def findModulePath(path, className): attributes = [] for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path): for source in (s for s in files if s.endswith(".py")): name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(source))[0] full_name = os.path.splitext(source)[0].replace(os.path.sep, '.') m = imp.load_module(full_name, *imp.find_module(name, [root])) try: attr = getattr(m, className) attributes.append(attr) except: pass if len(attributes) <= 0: raise Exception, "Class %s not found" % className for element in attributes: print "%s.%s" % (element.__module__, className) but it does not return the full path of the module, For example I have a python file named "objectmodel" in objects package,and it contains a Model class, So I call findModulePath(MyProjectPath,"Model"). it prints objectmodel.Model but I need objects.objectmodel.Model

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  • Confusion between numpy, scipy, matplotlib and pylab

    - by goFrendiAsgard
    Numpy, scipy, matplotlib, and pylab are common terms among they who use python for scientific computation. I just learn a bit about pylab, and I got a lot of confusion. Whenever I want to import numpy, I can always do: import numpy as np I just consider, that once I do from pylab import * The numpy will be imported as well (with np alias). So basically the second one do more things compared to the first one. There are few things I want to ask. Is it right that pylab is just a wrapper for numpy, scipy and matplotlib? As np is the numpy alias, what is the scipy and matplotlib alias? (as far as I know, plt is alias of matplotlib.pyplot, but I don't know the alias for the matplotlib itself) Thanks in advance.

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  • reinitialize an object with self.__init__(...)

    - by Kara Jevo
    Could anybody explain whether it is safe to reinitialize an object by calling "self.init(". as shown in the following simplified example? The reason i'm asking is that i couldn't find this method neither in several python books nor in internet. There are some who suggest to list all attributes and set them to initial value one by one. Basically i want to set my object to initial state after it has finished some tasks. class Book(object): def __init__(self,name,author): self.name = name self.author = author self.copies = 5 def reset(self): self.__init__(self.name,self.author) def incrementCopy(self): self.copies += 1 Kite = Book('kite runner','khaled hosseini') print 'initial number of copies:', Kite.copies Kite.incrementCopy() Kite.incrementCopy() Kite.incrementCopy() print '3 copies are added:', Kite.copies Kite.reset() print 'number of copies are reinitialized', Kite.copies initial number of copies: 5 3 copies are added: 8 number of copies are reinitialized 5

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  • Backup Google Calendar programmatically: https://www.google.com/calendar/exporticalzip

    - by Michael
    I'm struggling with writing a python script that automatically grabs the zip fail containing all my google calendars and stores it (as a backup) on my harddisk. I'm using ClientLogin to get an authentication token (and successfully can obtain the token). Unfortunately, i'm unable to retrieve the file at https://www.google.com/calendar/exporticalzip It always asks me for the login credentials again by returning a login page as html (instead of the zip). Here's the critical code: post_data = post_data = urllib.urlencode({ 'auth': token, 'continue': zip_url}) request = urllib2.Request('https://www.google.com/calendar', post_data, header) try: f = urllib2.urlopen(request) result = f.read() except: print "Error" Anyone any ideas or done that before? Or an alternative idea how to backup all my calendars (automatically!)

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  • How to wrap Plone authentication around a third-party servlet?

    - by smocking
    We're using Plone to serve up some third-party middle-ware. Unfortunately the middle-ware has a particular servlet that gets invoked from a Java applet and doesn't do any kind of authentication. I would like to firewall this off and somehow wrap authentication around it, preferably using the existing session that users will have on Plone. My first idea was to configure nginx (which we're using as the reverse proxy) to check the cookie and only proxy if the user has a valid session (along the lines of this example). However, how to check the session ID against Plone, since it's all stored in the Zope database? Alternatively we could have a Plone python script that basically passes everything along to the back-end after authenticating, but I'm not sure how to do that. Any suggestions? Or alternative ideas?

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  • Binning into timeslots - Is there a better way than using list comp?

    - by flyingcrab
    I have a dataset of events (tweets to be specific) that I am trying to bin / discretize. The following code seems to work fine so far (assuming 100 bins): HOUR = timedelta(hours=1) start = datetime.datetime(2009,01,01) z = [dt + x*HOUR for x in xrange(1, 100)] But then, I came across this fateful line at python docs 'This makes possible an idiom for clustering a data series into n-length groups using zip(*[iter(s)]*n)'. The zip idiom does indeed work - but I can't understand how (what is the * operator for instance?). How could I use to make my code prettier? I'm guessing this means I should make a generator / iterable for time that yields the time in graduations of an HOUR?

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  • Have I checked every consecutive subset of this list?

    - by Nathan
    I'm trying to solve problem 50 on Project Euler. Don't give me the answer or solve it for me, just try to answer this specific question. The goal is to find the longest sum of consecutive primes that adds to a prime below one million. I use wrote a sieve to find all the primes below n, and I have confirmed that it is correct. Next, I am going to check the sum of each subset of consecutive primes using the following method: I have a empty list sums. For each prime number, I add it to each element in sums and check the new sum, then I append the prime to sums. Here it is in python primes = allPrimesBelow(1000000) sums = [] for p in primes: for i in range(len(sums)): sums[i] += p check(sums[i]) sums.append(p) I want to know if I have called check() for every sum of two or more consecutive primes below one million The problem says that there is a prime, 953, that can be written as the sum of 21 consecutive primes, but I am not finding it.

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  • Self-referential ReferenceProperty in Google App Engine

    - by Ink-Jet
    I'm having a bit of trouble with ReferencePropertys in App Engine (Python). For a bit of fun, I'm trying to model a folder/file system, but having trouble getting folders to reference folders. My first attempt was this: class Folder(db.Model): id = db.StringProperty() name = db.StringProperty() created = db.DateTimeProperty(auto_now_add=True) folder = db.ReferenceProperty(Folder, collection_name="folders") But that fails as "Folder" isn't defined when "folder" is trying to be defined. I've also tried defining "folder" outside of the main declaration for "Folder", like so: class Folder(db.Model): id = db.StringProperty() name = db.StringProperty() created = db.DateTimeProperty(auto_now_add=True) Folder.folder = db.ReferenceProperty(Folder, collection_name="folders") But that fails with: AttributeError: 'Folder' object has no attribute 'folders' I'm kind of stumped. Does anyone have experience with this, or a solution to this problem? Thanks in advance.

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  • Technique to limit number of instances of our application under Terminal Server

    - by Malcolm
    I'm looking for simple ways to monitor and limit the number of instances of our application under Terminal Server (2003 and 2008). The purpose of this restriction is to make sure we don't overload our servers. This is an internal administrative requirement - I am not looking for a licensing solution. The application in question is written in Python 2.6 (32-bit) but I'm happy to receive development tool agnostic answers. Although we are not using Citrix, I am happy to receive Citrix related ideas with the hope that I can use a similar technique with Terminal Server. Thank you, Malcolm

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  • Is there an open source cross-platform push server?

    - by Ian
    I'm currently in need of a (preferably open-source) free push server, that supports both linux and windows. I need something similar to the Ajax Push Engine, but that project unfortunatelly does not work on windows (I could use a virtual machine, but that's not what I'm looking for). I need to be able to push information to/from a python daemon, from a php script, to/from javascript and to a Blackberry application (built with java). Is there any tool that could help me with that? I've also looked into the Orbited project but frankly it lacks a lot of documentation and it's been very complicated to understand it. I'm not sure if it could work for me since it isn't actually a push server, but rather a proxy for it's built in MorbidQ server (or am I wrong?). Would a technology like Advanced Message Queing Protocol work for a project like this? Something like RabbitMQ or ActiveMQ? Thank you very much for the help.

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  • Explanation needed for sum of prime below n numbers

    - by Bala Krishnan
    Today I solved a problem given in Project Euler its problem no 10 and it took 7 hrs for my python program to show the result. But in that forum itself a person named lassevk posted solution for this and it took only 4 sec. And its not possible for me to post this question in that forum because its not discussion forum. So, think about this if you want to mark this question as non-constructive. marked = [0] * 2000000 value = 3 s = 2 while value < 2000000: if marked[value] == 0: s += value i = value while i < 2000000: marked[i] = 1 i += value value += 2 print s If any one understand this code please explain it simple as possible. Link to the Problem 10 question.

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  • Any better algorithm possible here?

    - by Cupidvogel
    I am trying to solve this problem in Python. Noting that only the first kiss requires the alternation, any kiss that is not a part of the chain due to the first kiss can very well have a hug on the 2nd next person, this is the code I have come up with. This is just a simple mathematical calculation, no looping, no iteration, nothing. But still I am getting a timed-out message. Any means to optimize it? import psyco psyco.full() testcase = int(raw_input()) for i in xrange(0,testcase): n = int(raw_input()) if n%2: m = n/2; ans = 2 + 4*(2**m-1); ans = ans%1000000007; print ans else: m = n/2 - 1 ans = 2 + 2**(n/2) + 4*(2**m-1); ans = ans%1000000007 print ans

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  • How do I safely destroy a dialog window of a wxPython application?

    - by Akira
    I created a wxPython application which shows some messages on a dialog window. The dialog window is needed to be force-destroyed by the application before I click the dialog OK button. I used wx.lib.delayedresult to make the destroy call. My code is: import wx dlg=wx.MessageDialog(somewindow,'somemessage') from wx.lib.delayedresult import startWorker def _c(d): dlg.EndModal(0) dlg.Destroy() def _w(): import time time.sleep(1.0) startWorker(_c,_w) dlg.ShowModal() This can do what I desire to do while I got a error message below: (python:15150): Gtk-CRITICAL **: gtk_widget_destroy: assertion `GTK_IS_WIDGET (widget)' failed How do I "safely" destroy a dialog without clicking the dialog button?

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  • How, in general, can web framework support REST style?

    - by juro
    I would like to know, what are the ways a web framework may be suitable for designing a RESTful app, in general. One goal is for example to provide http request routing, so they are automatically sent to appropriate controllers. From architectural point of view, web framework based on MVC pattern are more suitable for REST. What other features of web frameworks are helpful by building apps satisfying the REST constraints? Is there any reason why you consider certain languages(python/java) or web frameworks(django/turbogears/jersey/restlets/...) as the most applicable ones?

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  • numbers of Parameters in Webservice function

    - by sachin
    hi, I am trying to call webservice from python client using SUDS. as per SUDS support, (https://fedorahosted.org/suds/wiki/Documentation#OVERVIEW) I created a webservice with Config: SOAP Binding 1.1 Document/Literal though Document/literal style takes only one parameter, SUDS Document (https://fedorahosted.org/suds/wiki/Documentation#BASICUSAGE) shows: Suds - version: 0.3.3 build: (beta) R397-20081121 Service (WebServiceTestBeanService) tns="http://test.server.enterprise.rhq.org/" Prefixes (1): ns0 = "http://test.server.enterprise.rhq.org/" Ports (1): (Soap) Methods: addPerson(Person person, ) echo(xs:string arg0, ) getList(xs:string str, xs:int length, ) getPercentBodyFat(xs:string name, xs:int height, xs:int weight) getPersonByName(Name name, ) hello() testExceptions() testListArg(xs:string[] list, ) testVoid() updatePerson(AnotherPerson person, name name, ) Types (23): Person Name Phone AnotherPerson Which has functions with several or no parameters. can we have such methods(Exposed) in a webservice with Document/Literal Style? if so how?

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  • Configurator Scan not picking up views

    - by mxmissile
    New to Py and Python. I'm trying to get pyramid Configurator scan to find my views, but I seem to be missing something, it's not picking up my "view" index here are my files: app.py from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server from pyramid.config import Configurator if __name__ == '__main__': config = Configurator() config.add_route('home', '/') config.scan() app = config.make_wsgi_app() server = make_server('0.0.0.0', 6543, app) server.serve_forever() and index.py from pyramid.view import view_config from pyramid.response import Response @view_config(route_name='home') def index(request): print'Incoming request' return Response('<body><h1>Home</h1></body>') Its returning a 404. However, if I remove config.scan() and add the view manually it works fine. from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server from pyramid.config import Configurator from index import index if __name__ == '__main__': config = Configurator() config.add_route('home', '/') config.add_view(index, route_name='home')

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  • Halting Django's dev server via page request?

    - by Ben Blank
    I'm looking at writing a portable, light-weight Python app. As the "GUI toolkit" I'm most familiar with — by a wide margin! — is HTML/CSS/JS, I thought to use Django as a framework for the project, using its built-in "development server" (manage.py runserver). I've been banging on a proof-of-concept for a couple hours and the only real problem I've encountered so far is shutting down the server once the user has finished using the app. Ideally, I'd like there to be a link on the app's pages which shuts down the server and closes the page, but nothing I see in the Django docs suggests this is possible. Can this be done? For that matter, is this a reasonable approach for writing a small, portable GUI tool?

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  • Values of Variables Matrix NumPy

    - by Max Mines
    I'm working on a program that determines if lines intersect. I'm using matrices to do this. I understand all the math concepts, but I'm new to Python and NumPy. I want to add my slope variables and yint variables to a new matrix. They are all floats. I can't seem to figure out the correct format for entering them. Here's an example: import numpy as np x = 2 y = 5 w = 9 z = 12 I understand that if I were to just be entering the raw numbers, it would look something like this: matr = np.matrix('2 5; 9 12') My goal, though, is to enter the variable names instead of the ints.

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  • Why does concatenating a boolean value return an integer?

    - by joshhunt
    In python, you can concatenate boolean values, and it would return an integer. Example: >>> True True >>> True + True 2 >>> True + False 1 >>> True + True + True 3 >>> True + True + False 2 >>> False + False 0 Why? Why does this make sense? I understand that True is often represented as 1, whereas False is represented as 0, but that still does not explain how adding two values together of the same type returns a completely different type.

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  • MapReduce results seem limited to 100?

    - by user1813867
    I'm playing around with Map Reduce in MongoDB and python and I've run into a strange limitation. I'm just trying to count the number of "book" records. It works when there are less than 100 records but when it goes over 100 records the count resets for some reason. Here is my MR code and some sample outputs: var M = function () { book = this.book; emit(book, {count : 1}); } var R = function (key, values) { var sum = 0; values.forEach(function(x) { sum += 1; }); var result = { count : sum }; return result; } MR output when record count is 99: {u'_id': u'superiors', u'value': {u'count': 99}} MR output when record count is 101: {u'_id': u'superiors', u'value': {u'count': 2.0}} Any ideas?

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  • DLL Load Failed, Not a Valid Win32 App showing for both x86 & x64 DLLs

    - by mitrebox
    Trying to run the latest version of heatmap. http://jjguy.com/heatmap/ DLL load keeps crapping out on me in both 64 & 32 bit dlls. (Similar questions on this seemed irrelevant as I've tried loading both DLLs) I'm running Windows 7. I have uninstalled and re-installed 2.7.3 64 bit. Idle Top line: Python 2.7.3 (default, Apr 10 2012, 23:24:47) [MSC v.1500 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32 I've tried loading C:\Python27\DLLs\cHeatmap-x86.dll ImportError: DLL load failed: %1 is not a valid Win32 application. C:\Python27\DLLs\cHeatmap-x64.dll ImportError: DLL load failed: %1 is not a valid Win32 application. I can run heatmap 1.1 but that was before DLLs were added.

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  • How to set the value of a wx.combobox by posting an event

    - by Adam Fraser
    The code below demonstrates the problem I am running into. I am creating a wx.ComboBox and trying to mimic it's functionality for testing purposes by posting a wxEVT_COMMAND_COMBOBOX_SELECTED event... this event strangely works fine for wx.Choice, but it doesn't do anything to the ComboBox. There doesn't appear to be a different event that I can post to the combobox, but maybe I'm missing something. I'm running this code on Python 2.5 on a Mac OSX 10.5.8 import wx app = wx.PySimpleApp() def on_btn(evt): event = wx.CommandEvent(wx.wxEVT_COMMAND_COMBOBOX_SELECTED,combobox.Id) event.SetEventObject(combobox) event.SetInt(1) event.SetString('bar') combobox.Command(event) app.ProcessPendingEvents() frame = wx.Frame(None) panel = wx.Panel(frame, -1) # This doesn't work combobox = wx.ComboBox(panel, -1, choices=['foo','bar']) # This works #combobox = wx.Choice(panel, -1, choices=['foo','bar']) combobox.SetSelection(0) btn = wx.Button(panel, -1, 'asdf') btn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, on_btn) sz = wx.BoxSizer() sz.Add(combobox) sz.Add(btn) panel.SetSizer(sz) frame.Show() app.MainLoop()

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  • Ambiguous Evaluation of Lambda Expression on Array

    - by Joe
    I would like to use a lambda that adds one to x if x is equal to zero. I have tried the following expressions: t = map(lambda x: x+1 if x==0 else x, numpy.array) t = map(lambda x: x==0 and x+1 or x, numpy.array) t = numpy.apply_along_axis(lambda x: x+1 if x==0 else x, 0, numpy.array) Each of these expressions returns the following error: ValueError: The truth value of an array with more than one element is ambiguous. Use a.any() or a.all() My understanding of map() and numpy.apply_along_axis() was that it would take some function and apply it to each value of an array. From the error it seems that the the lambda is being evaluated as x=array, not some value in array. What am I doing wrong? I know that I could write a function to accomplish this but I want to become more familiar with the functional programming aspects of python.

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  • Downsampling the number of entries in a list (without interpolation)

    - by Dave
    I have a Python list with a number of entries, which I need to downsample using either: A maximum number of rows. For example, limiting a list of 1234 entries to 1000. A proportion of the original rows. For example, making the list 1/3 its original length. (I need to be able to do both ways, but only one is used at a time). I believe that for the maximum number of rows I can just calculate the proportion needed and pass that to the proportional downsizer: def downsample_to_max(self, rows, max_rows): return downsample_to_proportion(rows, max_rows / float(len(rows))) ...so I really only need one downsampling function. Any hints, please? EDIT The list contains objects, not numeric values so I do not need to interpolate. Dropping objects is fine.

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  • Standardizing camera input in OpenCV? (Contrast/Saturation/Brightness etc..)

    - by karpathy
    I am building an application using OpenCV that uses the webcam and runs some vision algorithms. I would like to make this application available on the internet after I am done, but I am concerned about the vast differences in camera settings on every computer, and I am worried that the algorithm may break if the settings are too different from mine. Is there any way, after capturing the frame, to post process it and make sure that the contrast is X, brightness is Y, and saturation is Z? I think the Camera settings themselves can not be changed from code directly using the current OpenCV Python bindings. Would anyone be able to tell me about how I could calculate some of these parameters from the image and adjust them appropriately using OpenCV?

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