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• Is RunClassConstructor guaranteed to run a type's static constructor only once?

  - by mafutrct

  I'm calling the static ctor of a class using this code: Type type; System.Runtime.CompilerServices.RuntimeHelpers.RunClassConstructor(type.TypeHandle); Can this cause the cctor to be run twice?

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• How does the compiler know not to call function once per static variable?

  - by mkal

  E.g foo1() { static const char* str = foo2(); } const char * foo2 () { ... } How does the compiler makes sure it calls foo2 just once.

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• C#: Do I need to lock a static class when accessing from separate threads?

  - by JimDaniel

  I have a static class with a few methods that just take in a byte array, parses it, and returns a structure. I need to call these methods from many separate threads. Do I need a lock() or some kind of thread-safety within the methods? I can't get my head around it.

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• In java, is there any disadvantage to static methods on a class?

  - by Michael Campbell

  Lets assume that a rule (or rule of thumb, anyway), has been imposed in my coding environment that any method on a class that doesn't use, modify, or otherwise need any instance variables to do its work, be made static. Is there any inherent compile time, runtime, or any other disadvantage to doing this?

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• if i want to build logger class in c++ or java what should it be singletone or static

  - by user63898

  Hello all general question is i like to build logger class that writes to single log file from different classes in my application what should the logger class be singletone or static class

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• How to use functions in a .a (static library) file in C?

  - by Mohit Deshpande

  I have a static library project in Eclipse that was compiled into a .a file. So now how would I use the functions and constants in that library? Would I just put in into my includes: #include "mylib.a"

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• Equivalent of public static final fields in Scala

  - by JT

  I'm learning Scala, and I can't figure out how to best express this simple Java class in Scala: public class Color { public static final Color BLACK = new Color(0, 0, 0); public static final Color WHITE = new Color(255, 255, 255); public static final Color GREEN = new Color(0, 0, 255); private static final int red; private static final int blue; private static final int green; public Color(int red, int blue, int green) { this.red = red; this.blue = blue; this.green = green; } // getters, et cetera } The best I have is the following: class Color(val red: Int, val blue: Int, val green: Int) object BLACK extends Color(0, 0, 0) object WHITE extends Color(255, 255, 255) object GREEN extends Color(0, 0, 255) But I lose the advantages of having BLACK, WHITE, and GREEN being tied to the Color namespace.

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• Binding to static property

  - by Anthony Brien

  I'm having a hard time binding a simple static string property to a text box. Here's the class with the static property: public class VersionManager { private static string filterString; public static string FilterString { get { return filterString; } set { filterString = value; } } } In my xaml, I just want to bind this static property to a text box: <TextBox> <TextBox.Text> <Binding Source="{x:Static local:VersionManager.FilterString}"/> </TextBox.Text> </TextBox> Everything compiles, but at run time, I get the following exception: Cannot convert the value in attribute 'Source' to object of type 'System.Windows.Markup.StaticExtension'. Error at object 'System.Windows.Data.Binding' in markup file 'BurnDisk;component/selectversionpagefunction.xaml' Line 57 Position 29. Any idea what I'm doing wrong?

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• static library vs dynamic libraries

  - by user295030

  Can someone please explain in easy terms what is static library linking vs dynamic library linking other one has a larger memory map than the other or that the static library is used to compile/link with the program that will use it versus being loaded at runtime? I also need to create a static library of a program that I made in vs2008 and give one function interface to access the library. one of the requirements reads as such " * API should be in the form of static library. company xxx will link the library into a third party application to prevent any possible exposure of the code(dll)" how can they say both static and dll at the same time. I have never works with static library before. So please any help would be nice.

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• does adding static library need xcode project of static library for linking?

  - by mirdad

  I have seen some static library projects in iOS.I see two different types of linking static library. 1)adding .a static library to new xcode project and its header files only. 2)adding .a static library to new xcode project and adding the xcode project through which static library has created. when I remove the the xcode project through which static library has created from the 2nd project, it gives error.I tried first approach for 2nd one.But it is not working. Can you please explain why it is differed? Will it be differed by the xcode versions we use? is The second approach for old xcode versions?

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• sorting, average and finding the lowest number from a static array Java

  - by user3701322

  i'm trying to input students and input their results for course work and exams and what i'm having trouble with is finding the average total score, the lowest total score and printing all students in order of total scores highest - lowest import java.util.*; import java.text.*; public class Results { static String[] name = new String[100]; static int[] coursework = new int[100]; static int[] exam = new int[100]; static int count = 0; public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in); boolean flag = true; while(flag) { System.out.println( "1. Add Student\n" + "2. List All Students\n" + "3. List Student Grades\n" + "4. Total Score Average\n" + "5. Highest Total Score\n" + "6. Lowest Total Score\n" + "7. List all Students and Total Scores\n" + "8. Quit\n"); System.out.print("Enter choice (1 - 8): "); int choice = input.nextInt(); switch(choice) { case 1: add(); break; case 2: listAll(); break; case 3: listGrades(); break; case 4: average(); break; case 5: highestTotal(); break; case 6: lowestTotal(); break; case 7: order(); break; case 8: flag = false; break; default: System.out.println("\nNot an option\n"); } DateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("dd/MM/yyyy HH:mm:ss"); Date date = new Date(); System.out.println(dateFormat.format(date)); } System.out.println("\n\nHave a nice day"); }//end of main static void add() { Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Insert Name: "); String names = input.nextLine(); System.out.println("Insert Coursework: "); int courseworks = input.nextInt(); System.out.println("Insert Exam: "); int exams = input.nextInt(); name[count] = names; coursework[count] = courseworks; exam[count] = exams; count++; } static void listAll() { for(int i=0;i<count;i++) { System.out.printf("%s %d %d\n", name[i], coursework[i], exam[i]); } } static void listGrades() { for(int i=0;i<count;i++){ if(coursework[i] + exam[i] > 79) { System.out.println(name[i] + " HD"); } else if(coursework[i] + exam[i] > 69) { System.out.println(name[i] + " DI"); } else if(coursework[i] + exam[i] > 59) { System.out.println(name[i] + " CR"); } else if(coursework[i] + exam[i] > 49) { System.out.println(name[i] + " PA"); } else { System.out.println(name[i] + " NN"); } } } static void average() { } static void highestTotal() { int largest=exam[0]; String student=name[0]; for(int i=0; i<exam.length; i++){ if(exam[i]>largest){ largest = exam[i] + coursework[i]; student = name[i]; } } System.out.printf(student + ": "+ largest + "\n" ); } static void lowestTotal() { int min = 0; for(int i=0; i<=exam[i]; i++){ for(int j =0; j<=exam[i]; j++){ if(exam[i]<=exam[j] && j==exam[j]){ min = exam[i] + coursework[i]; } else{ continue; } } } System.out.printf(name + ": "+ min + "\n" ); } static void order() { } }

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• Are static delegates thread-safe?

  - by leypascua

  Consider this code snippet: public static class ApplicationContext { private static Func<TService> Uninitialized<TService>() { throw new InvalidOperationException(); } public static Func<IAuthenticationProvider> AuthenticationProvider = Uninitialized<IAuthenticationProvider>(); public static Func<IUnitOfWorkFactory> UnitOfWorkFactory = Uninitialized<IUnitOfWorkFactory>(); } //can also be in global.asax if used in a web app. public static void Main(string[] args) { ApplicationContext.AuthenticationProvider = () => new LdapAuthenticationProvider(); ApplicationContext.UnitOfWorkFactory = () => new EFUnitOfWorkFactory(); } //somewhere in the code.. say an ASP.NET MVC controller ApplicationContext.AuthenticationProvider().SignIn(username, true); Are delegates in the static class ApplicationContext thread-safe in the sense that multiple-threads can invoke them? What potential problems will I face if I pursue this approach?

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• New cast exception with VS2010/.Net 4

  - by Trevor

  [ Updated 25 May 2010 ] I've recently upgraded from VS2008 to VS2010, and at the same time upgraded to .Net 4. I've recompiled an existing solution of mine and I'm encountering a Cast exception I did not have before. The structure of the code is simple (although the actual implementation somewhat more complicated). Basically I have: public class SomeClass : ISomeClass { // Stuff } public static class ClassFactory { public static IInterface GetClassInstance<IInterface>(Type classType) { return (IInterface)Activator.CreateInstance(classType); // This throws a cast exception } } // Call the factory with: ISomeClass anInstance = ClassFactory.GetClassInstance<ISomeClass>(typeof(SomeClass)); Ignore the 'sensibleness' of the above - its provides just a representation of the issue rather than the specifics of what I'm doing (e.g. constructor parameters have been removed). The marked line throws the exception: Unable to cast object of type 'Namespace.SomeClass' to type 'Namespace.ISomeClass'. I suspect it may have something to do with the additional DotNet security (and in particular, explicit loading of assemblies, as this is something my app does). The reason I suspect this is that I have had to add to the config file the setting: <runtime> <loadFromRemoteSources enabled="true" /> </runtime> .. but I'm unsure if this is related. Update I see (from comments) that my basic code does not reproduce the issue by itself. Not surprising I suppose. It's going to be tricky to identify which part of a largish 3-tier CQS system is relevant to this problem. One issue might be that there are multiple assemblies involved. My static class is actually a factory provider, and the 'SomeClass' is a class factory (relevant in that the factories are 'registered' within the app via explicit assembly/type loading - see below) . Upfront I use reflection to 'register' all factories (i.e. classes that implement a particular interface) and that I do this when the app starts by identifying the relevant assemblies, loading them and adding them to a cache using (in essence): Loop over (file in files) { Assembly assembly = Assembly.LoadFile(file); baseAssemblyList.Add(assembly); } Then I cache the available types in these assemblies with: foreach (Assembly assembly in _loadedAssemblyList) { Type[] assemblyTypes = assembly.GetTypes(); _loadedTypesCache.AddRange(assemblyTypes); } And then I use this cache to do a variety of reflection operations, including 'registering' of factories, which involves looping through all loaded (cached) types and finding those that implement the (base) Factory interface. I've experienced what may be a similar problem in the past (.Net 3.5, so not exactly the same) with an architecture that involved dynamically creating classes on the server and streaming the compiled binary of those classes to the client app. The problem came when trying to deserialize an instance of the dynamic class on the client from a remote call: the exception said the class type was not know, even though the source and destination types were exactly the same name (including namespace). Basically the cross boundry versions of the class were not recognised as being the same. I solved that by intercepting the deserialization process and explicitly defining the deseriazation class type in the context of the local assemblies. This experience is what makes me think the types are considered mismatched because (somehow) the interface of the actual SomeClass object, and the interface of passed into the Generic method are not considered the same type. So (possibly) my question for those more knowledgable about C#/DotNet is: How does the class loading work that somehow my app thinks there are two versions/types of the interface type and how can I fit that? [ whew ... anyone who got here is quite patient .. thanks ]

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• Constructor or Explicit cast

  - by Felan

  In working with Linq to Sql I create a seperate class to ferry data to a web page. To simplify creating these ferry objects I either use a specialized constructor or an explicit conversion operator. I have two questions. First which approach is better from a readibility perspective? Second while the clr code that is generated appeared to be the same to me, are there situations where one would be treated different than the other by the compiler (in lambda's or such). Example code (DatabaseFoo uses specialized constructor and BusinessFoo uses explicit operator): public class DatabaseFoo { private static int idCounter; // just to help with generating data public int Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } public DatabaseFoo() { Id = idCounter++; Name = string.Format("Test{0}", Id); } public DatabaseFoo(BusinessFoo foo) { this.Id = foo.Id; this.Name = foo.Name; } } public class BusinessFoo { public int Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } public static explicit operator BusinessFoo(DatabaseFoo foo) { return FromDatabaseFoo(foo); } public static BusinessFoo FromDatabaseFoo(DatabaseFoo foo) { return new BusinessFoo {Id = foo.Id, Name = foo.Name}; } } public class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine("Creating the initial list of DatabaseFoo"); IEnumerable<DatabaseFoo> dafoos = new List<DatabaseFoo>() { new DatabaseFoo(), new DatabaseFoo(), new DatabaseFoo(), new DatabaseFoo(), new DatabaseFoo(), new DatabaseFoo()}; foreach(DatabaseFoo dafoo in dafoos) Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0}\t{1}", dafoo.Id, dafoo.Name)); Console.WriteLine("Casting the list of DatabaseFoo to a list of BusinessFoo"); IEnumerable<BusinessFoo> bufoos = from x in dafoos select (BusinessFoo) x; foreach (BusinessFoo bufoo in bufoos) Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0}\t{1}", bufoo.Id, bufoo.Name)); Console.WriteLine("Creating a new list of DatabaseFoo by calling the constructor taking BusinessFoo"); IEnumerable<DatabaseFoo> fufoos = from x in bufoos select new DatabaseFoo(x); foreach(DatabaseFoo fufoo in fufoos) Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0}\t{1}", fufoo.Id, fufoo.Name)); } }

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• nginx+django serving static files

  - by avalore

  I have followed instruction for setting up django with nginx from the django wiki (https://code.djangoproject.com/wiki/DjangoAndNginx) and have nginx setup as follows (a few name changes to fit my setup). user nginx nginx; worker_processes 2; error_log /var/log/nginx/error_log info; events { worker_connections 1024; use epoll; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] ' '"$request" $status $bytes_sent ' '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" ' '"$gzip_ratio"'; client_header_timeout 10m; client_body_timeout 10m; send_timeout 10m; connection_pool_size 256; client_header_buffer_size 1k; large_client_header_buffers 4 2k; request_pool_size 4k; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1100; gzip_buffers 4 8k; gzip_types text/plain; output_buffers 1 32k; postpone_output 1460; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 75 20; ignore_invalid_headers on; index index.html; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location /static/ { root /srv/static/; } location ~* ^.+\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|css|zip|tgz|gz|rar|bz2|doc|xls|exe|pdf|ppt|txt|tar|mid|midi|wav|bmp|rtf|js|mov) { access_log off; expires 30d; } location / { # host and port to fastcgi server fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8080; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_pass_header Authorization; fastcgi_intercept_errors off; fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr; } access_log /var/log/nginx/localhost.access_log main; error_log /var/log/nginx/localhost.error_log; } } Static files aren't being served (nginx 404). If I look in the access log it seems nginx is looking in /etc/nginx/html/static... rather than /srv/static/ as specified in the config. I've no clue why it's doing this, any help would be hugely appreciated.

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• Static libraries, dynamic libraries, DLLs, entry points, headers ... how to get out of this alive?

  - by tunnuz

  Hello, I recently had to program C++ under Windows for an University project, and I'm pretty confused about static and dynamic libraries system, what the compiler needs, what the linker needs, how to build a library ... is there any good document about this out there? I'm pretty confused about the *nix library system as well (so, dylibs, the ar tool, how to compile them ...), can you point a review document about the current library techniques on the various architectures? Note: due to my poor knowledge this message could contain wrong concepts, feel free to edit it. Thank you Feel free to add more reference, I will add them to the summary. References Since most of you posted *nix or Windows specific references I will summarize here the best ones, I will mark as accepted answer the Wikipedia one, because is a good start point (and has references inside too) to get introduced to this stuff. Program Library Howto (Unix) Dynamic-Link Libraries (from MSDN) (Windows) DLL Information (StackOverflow) (Windows) Programming in C (Unix) An Overview of Compiling and Linking (Windows)

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• WordPress front page (homepage) fails to redirect when static front page is set.

  - by Keyslinger

  I have configured WordPress to display a static front page as described here: http://codex.wordpress.org/Settings_Reading_SubPanel#Reading_Settings When save changes and try to visit my front page, my browser displays the following error: "The page isn't redirecting properly. Firefox has detected that the server is redirecting the request for this address in a way that will never complete." Disabling cookies does not remedy the situation. I'm using the theme, Constructor (http://wordpress.org/extend/themes/constructor), which I suspect may be contributing to the problem. How can I make WordPress properly display my front page?

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• PHP: How to access array values returned by a static function?

  - by Prashant

  I am running following code, getAccount() is a static function, $ac_info = AccountClass::getAccount($ac_code); print_r($ac_info); and getting following output AccountClass Object ( [account_code] => [email protected] [username] => XYZ [email] => [first_name] => [last_name] => [company_name] => [id] => [email protected] [balance_in_cents] => 0 [created_at] => 1271333048 [state] => active ) But I want to access the value of "account_code" shown above, how to access it, and AccountClass Object what is this, this is array or what? I am not getting it properly. Please explain what is AccountClass Object and how to access value of properties account_code, first_name inside this array. Thanks

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• When to stop following the advice of static code analysis?

  - by bananeweizen

  I do use static code analysis on a project with more than 100.000 lines of Java code for quite a while now. I started with Findbugs, which gave me around 1500 issues at the beginning. I fixed the most severe over time and started using additional tools like PMD, Lint4J, JNorm and now Enerjy. With the more severe issues being fixed, there is a huge number of low severity issues. How do you handle these low priority issues? Do you try fixing all of them? Or only in newly written code? Do you regularly disable certain rules? (I found that I do on nearly any of the available tools). And if you ignore or disable rules, do you document those? What do your managers say about "leaving some thousand low priority issues not fixed"? Do you use (multiple) tool specific comments in the code or is there any better way?

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• Is an ArrayList automatically declared static in Java, if it is an instance variable?

  - by Alex

  I'm trying to do something like this: private class aClass { private ArrayList<String> idProd; aClass(ArrayList<String> prd) { this.idProd=new ArrayList<String>(prd); } public ArrayList<String> getIdProd() { return this.idProd; } } So if I have multiple instances of ArrayLIst<String> (st1 ,st2 ,st3) and I want to make new objects of aClass: { aClass obj1,obj2,obj3; obj1=new aClass(st1); obj2=new aClass(st2); obj3=new aClass(st3); } Will all of the aClass objects return st3 if I access the method getIdProd() for each of them(obj1..obj3)? Is an ArrayList as an instance variable automatically declared static?

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• Question about ASP.NET MVC and static data (ie. images, scripts, etc)

  - by Pure.Krome

  Hi folks, If i have a request for a resource in my ASP.NET MVC1 (or 2) web app for a static resource, say ... an image or a javascript file or a css file ... does the .NET framework try and see if the request matches the route list ... and eventually can't find a controller for it? eg. Resource: /Content/Images/Foo.png Does this request go through my route list .. fails to match any controllers / actions to this request and then .. i donno ... attempt that path directly?

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• Java static source analysis/parsing (possibly with antlr), what is a good tool to do this?

  - by Berlin Brown

  I need to perform static source analysis on Java code. Ideally, I want the system to work out of the box without much modification from me. For example, I have used Antlr in the past, but I spent a lot of time building grammar files and still didn't get what I wanted. I want to be able to parse a java file and have return the character position of say: Character position start and end of a Java block comment Character position start and end of a Java class file Character position start and end of a Java method declaration, signature, and implementation. It looks like Antlr will do that, but I have yet to finish a grammar that actually gives me the positions of the code I need. Does anyone have that complete Antlr grammar and Java code to give the character positions of the parts in the Java source.

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• Staticly linked libraries not running code inside to setup static variables.

  - by MJD

  In a c++ project I am working on, I have a simple c++ file that needs to run some code at the beginning of the progam execution. This file is linked into a static library, which is then linked into the main program. I have similar code in other files running fine, that looks something like: bool ____nonexistant_value = executeAction(); However, it does not work inside this file unless I make use of a function implemented in this file. It does work if the library is compilied as a shared library. I'd prefer to link this statically as the library is only a convience as the file is in a different directory.

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• How should I make up for the lack of static initializers in PHP?

  - by kahoon

  I'm thinking about putting every class into a separate file and doing the static initialization outside of the class definition. The problem with this is the fact that the initialization will happen before the said class is actually needed (it will happen when the file which contains the class is included for the first time). It's a problem, because it may happen that the class won't be used at all, hence the initialization is unnecessary. And I think the practice of including the used files not in the beginning of your code is simply a dirty technique. If anybody has a viable solution to this problem, I would greatly appreciate it.

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• Statically linked libraries not running code inside to setup static variables.

  - by MJD

  In a c++ project I am working on, I have a simple c++ file that needs to run some code at the beginning of the program execution. This file is linked into a static library, which is then linked into the main program. I have similar code in other files running fine, that looks something like: bool ____nonexistent_value = executeAction(); However, it does not work inside this file unless I make use of a function implemented in this file. It does work if the library is compiled as a shared library. I'd prefer to link this statically as the library is only a convenience as the file is in a different directory.

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