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• Python nested function scopes

  - by Thomas O

  I have code like this: def write_postcodes(self): """Write postcodes database. Write data to file pointer. Data is ordered. Initially index pages are written, grouping postcodes by the first three characters, allowing for faster searching.""" status("POSTCODE", "Preparing to sort...", 0, 1) # This function returns the key of x whilst updating the displayed # status of the sort. ctr = 0 def keyfunc(x): ctr += 1 status("POSTCODE", "Sorting postcodes", ctr, len(self.postcodes)) return x sort_res = self.postcodes[:] sort_res.sort(key=keyfunc) But ctr responds with a NameError: Traceback (most recent call last): File "PostcodeWriter.py", line 53, in <module> w.write_postcodes() File "PostcodeWriter.py", line 47, in write_postcodes sort_res.sort(key=keyfunc) File "PostcodeWriter.py", line 43, in keyfunc ctr += 1 UnboundLocalError: local variable 'ctr' referenced before assignment How can I fix this? I thought nester scopes would have allowed me to do this. I've tried with 'global', but it still doesn't work.

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• In Python, urllib2 giving error

  - by pythBegin

  I tried running this, >>> urllib2.urlopen('http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/cgi-bin/timer.pl') But it is giving error like this, can anyone tell me a solution ? Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#11>", line 1, in <module> urllib2.urlopen('http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/cgi-bin/timer.pl') File "C:\Python26\lib\urllib2.py", line 126, in urlopen return _opener.open(url, data, timeout) File "C:\Python26\lib\urllib2.py", line 391, in open response = self._open(req, data) File "C:\Python26\lib\urllib2.py", line 409, in _open '_open', req) File "C:\Python26\lib\urllib2.py", line 369, in _call_chain result = func(*args) File "C:\Python26\lib\urllib2.py", line 1161, in http_open return self.do_open(httplib.HTTPConnection, req) File "C:\Python26\lib\urllib2.py", line 1136, in do_open raise URLError(err) URLError: <urlopen error [Errno 11001] getaddrinfo failed>

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• Error: The Side-by-Side configuration information in "BLAH.EXE" contains errors.

  - by Jim Buck

  This is the error Dependency Walker gives me on an executable that I am building with VC++ 2005 Express Edition. When trying to run the .exe, I get: This application has failed to start because the application configuration is incorrect. Reinstalling the application may fix this problem. (I am new to the manifest/SxS/etc. way of doing things post VC++ 2003.) EDIT: I am running on the same machine I am building the .exe with. In Event Viewer, I have the unhelpful: Faulting application blah.exe, version 0.0.0.0, faulting module blah.exe, version 0.0.0.0, fault address 0x004239b0.

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• Any way to run DLL's at button click C#

  - by Sandeep Bansal

  Hi Guys, I'm looking for ways to speed my program to the max and one way I thought of was to strip all DLL's being run at startup and run them when they need to be. As an example, I have a DLL containing info required for an update module, but I don't want to have that running in the program if I don't need it till I have an update. (I know I can create a separate program and link it to that but this is just an example.) Is there anyway to attach this on a button click? Sorry if I haven't made my question understandable. Thanks

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• Ruby PTY.spawn is Hanging - How to fill out Email and Password in simple example

  - by viatropos

  After asking this question, it looks like I need to use Ruby's PTY Module, of which there is no documentation. I have written this code to try to push content to Google App Engine because the python command sometimes asks me for my username and password. But when I run this code, it just hangs. cmd = "appcfg.py update cdn" PTY.spawn("#{cmd} 2>&1") do | input, output, pid | begin input.expect("Email:") do output.write("#{credentials[:username]}\n") end input.expect("Password:") do output.write("#{credentials[:password]}\n") end rescue Exception => e puts "GAE Error..." end end What am I missing here? How can I get this to work?

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• How can I use an Ant foreach iteration with values from a file?

  - by Egon Willighagen

  In our Ant build environment, I have to do the same task for a number of items. The AntContrib foreach task is useful for that. However, the list is in a parameter, where I actually have the list in a file. How can I iterate over items in a file in an foreach-like way in Ant? Something like (pseudo-code): <foreach target="compile-module" listFromFile="$fileWithModules"/> I'm happy to write a custom Task, and welcome any suggestion on possible solutions.

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• camera preview on androd - strange lines on 1.5 version of sdk

  - by Marko

  Hi all, I am developing the camera module for an android application. In main application when user clicks on 'take picture' button, new view with SurfaceView control is opened and camera preview is shown. When users click on dpad center, camera takes picture and save it to the disc. Pretty simple and straightforward. Everything works fine on my device - HTC Tattoo, minsdkversion 1.6 ...but when I tested application on HTC Hero minsdkversion 1.5, when camera preview is shown,some strange lines occur. Anyone has idea what is going on? p.s. altough preview is crashed, taking of pictures works fine here is the picture: Thanx Marko

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• Drupal setup for proofreaders - "Revision Moderation"

  - by Olav

  I would like to have external proofreaders to work directly inside my Drupal site. Basically they should be able to create new revisions, annotate, comment etc without affecting what users see without my approval. Particularly the node might already be public. "Revision Moderation" module sounds a bit like what I want, but it seems not to be so much used, and I run into other modules like "Workflow". What is important for me: Possibility to work on content already published Easy for the proofreader, easy for me to direct her to the right location Other useful features such as comments (Like those balloons in Word), diffs etc (I guess I could work around (1) by copying the content)

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• problems importing ttk from tkinter in python 2.7

  - by Benjimin Boyce

  I'm working with an example file in a tutorial that asks me to first do two imports: from tkinter import * from tkinter import ttk I get an error. I researched a bit and found that in python 2.7.x I need to capitalize the 't'in tkinter, so I change to: from Tkinter import * from Tkinter import ttk. the first line no longer gives and error, but I still get error: ImportError: cannot import name ttk. I have researched this issue on this site and other places, and cannot seem to understand what this ttk is. I'm further confused by the fact that, when I go to the python interpreter, and I type "help()", then "modules", and then "ttk" it seems to know what it is, and gives me a lot of description, for example: "DESCRIPTION This module provides classes to allow using Tk themed widget set." -however, python won't let me import it.

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• Python: saving objects and using pickle. Error using pickle.dump

  - by Peterstone

  Hello I have an Error and I don´t the reason: >>> class Fruits:pass ... >>> banana = Fruits() >>> banana.color = 'yellow' >>> banana.value = 30 >>> import pickle >>> filehandler = open("Fruits.obj",'w') >>> pickle.dump(banana,filehandler) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> File "C:\Python31\lib\pickle.py", line 1354, in dump Pickler(file, protocol, fix_imports=fix_imports).dump(obj) TypeError: must be str, not bytes >>> I don´t know how to solve this error because I don´t understand it. Thank you so much.

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• How to change key mappings in Cygwin's Vim

  - by Boldewyn

  I'm using Vim under Debian, Win Vista and WinXP (the latter two with Cygwin). To handle tabs more easily, I mapped <C-Left> and <C-Right> to :tab(prev|next). This mapping works like a charm on the Debian machine. On the Windows machines, however, pressing <C-Left> deletes 5 lines, as far as I can tell, and meddles with cursor position, while <C-Right> does this, too, and additionally enters Insert mode. Question: To put it in a nutshell, how can I find out, why Vim behaves as it does? Is there a way to backtrace the active commands and keystrokes? Could there be a plugin the culprit? (I didn't install one, perhaps a default include by the Cygwin distro...) If so, how can I find it? Edit 1: OK, it seems, that I got a first trace: The terminal sends for <C-Left> '^[[1;5D', and for right '^[[1;5C' (evaluated with the <C-V><C-Left> trick). If vim interprets this literally and discards the first characters, it explains the strange behaviour. Any ideas, how I could change this key mapping? Additional Diagnosis: This behaviour occurs regardless of any existing ~/.vimrc file (is therefore not related to my above mentioned mapings) and is not inherited of some /etc/vim/vimrc, since this doesn't exist in the default Cygwin installation. :verbose map doesn't yield any new insights. Either nothing or my mentioned mappings appear, based on the existence of the .vimrc file :help <C-Left> suggests, that the default would be a simple cursor movement, which is apparently not the case. Vim's version under Cygwin: VIM - Vi IMproved 7.2 (2008 Aug 9, compiled Feb 11 2010 17:36:58) Included patches: 1-264 Compiled by http://cygwin.com/ Huge version without GUI. Features included (+) or not (-): +arabic +autocmd -balloon_eval -browse ++builtin_terms +byte_offset +cindent -clientserver -clipboard +cmdline_compl +cmdline_hist +cmdline_info +comments +cryptv +cscope +cursorshape +dialog_con +diff +digraphs -dnd -ebcdic +emacs_tags +eval +ex_extra +extra_search +farsi +file_in_path +find_in_path +float +folding -footer +fork() -gettext -hangul_input +iconv +insert_expand +jumplist +keymap +langmap +libcall +linebreak +lispindent +listcmds +localmap +menu +mksession +modify_fname +mouse -mouseshape +mouse_dec -mouse_gpm -mouse_jsbterm +mouse_netterm -mouse_sysmouse +mouse_xterm +multi_byte +multi_lang -mzscheme -netbeans_intg -osfiletype +path_extra -perl +postscript +printer +profile -python +quickfix +reltime +rightleft -ruby +scrollbind +signs +smartindent -sniff +statusline -sun_workshop +syntax +tag_binary +tag_old_static -tag_any_white -tcl +terminfo +termresponse +textobjects +title -toolbar +user_commands +vertsplit +virtualedit +visual +visualextra +viminfo +vreplace +wildignore +wildmenu +windows +writebackup -X11 -xfontset -xim -xsmp -xterm_clipboard -xterm_save system vimrc file: "$VIM/vimrc" user vimrc file: "$HOME/.vimrc" user exrc file: "$HOME/.exrc" fall-back for $VIM: "/usr/share/vim" Compilation: gcc -c -I. -Iproto -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=1 Linking: gcc -L/usr/local/lib -o vim.exe -lm -lncurses -liconv

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• python unichr problem

  - by jacob

  I've got some problem with unichr() on my server. Please see below: On my server (Ubuntu 9.04): >>> print unichr(255) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\xff' in position 0: ordinal not in range(128) On my desktop (Ubuntu 9.10): >>> print unichr(255) ÿ I'm fairly new to python so I don't know how to solve this. Anyone care to help? Thanks.

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• Method synonyms in Ruby

  - by Max

  I'm familiarizing myself with Ruby and it's the first time I see synonyms for methods in the standard library. For now I've found the ones in the Enumerable module: collect <- map detect <- find include <- member etc. Probably other modules contains synonymic methods too. Why are they there? Is it some kind of backward compatibility? Or is it a feature of the language, so the programmer can choose between different options depending on the context to make the program look like plain English?

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• Easy to use time-stamps in Python

  - by Morlock

  I'm working on a journal-type application in Python. The application basically permits the user write entries in the journal and adds a time-stamp for later querying the journal. As of now, I use the time.ctime() function to generate time-stamps that are visually friendly. The journal entries thus look like: Thu Jan 21 19:59:47 2010 Did something Thu Jan 21 20:01:07 2010 Did something else Now, I would like to be able to use these time-stamps to do some searching/querying. I need to be able to search, for example, for "2010", or "feb 2010", or "23 feb 2010". My questions are: 1) What time module(s) should I use: time vs datetime? 2) What would be an appropriate way of creating and using the time-stamp objects? Many thanks!

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• Using ETS Select To Form An Intersection

  - by Ruhi

  i have the following ets structure: SomeTable = ets:new(sometable, [bag]). ets:insert(SomeTable, [ {set1,item1}, {set1,item2}, {set1,item3}, {set2,item1}, {set2,item2}, {set2,item4}]). i want to get intersection of set1 and set2 using ets:select and fun2ms, result will be [item1, item2]. i spent hours and hours trying to accomplist it with ets:select and fun2ms with no success. can you help me out using ets:select and fun2ms? thanks for all answers! ps: i know about sets module, but i have to use ets and this exact data structure.

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• How to repeat a particular execution multiple times

  - by Joshua

  The following snippet generates create / drop sql for a particular database, whenever there is a modification to JPA entity classes. How do I perform something equivalent of a 'for' operation where-in the following code can be used to generate sql for all supported databases (e.g. H2, MySQL, Postgres) Currently I have to modify db.groupId, db.artifactId, db.driver.version everytime to generate the sql files <plugin> <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate3-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>${hibernate3-maven-plugin.version}</version> <executions> <execution> <id>create schema</id> <phase>process-test-resources</phase> <goals> <goal>hbm2ddl</goal> </goals> <configuration> <componentProperties> <persistenceunit>${app.module}</persistenceunit> <drop>false</drop> <create>true</create> <outputfilename>${app.sql}-create.sql</outputfilename> </componentProperties> </configuration> </execution> <execution> <id>drop schema</id> <phase>process-test-resources</phase> <goals> <goal>hbm2ddl</goal> </goals> <configuration> <componentProperties> <persistenceunit>${app.module}</persistenceunit> <drop>true</drop> <create>false</create> <outputfilename>${app.sql}-drop.sql</outputfilename> </componentProperties> </configuration> </execution> </executions> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>${hibernate-core.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>${slf4j-api.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-nop</artifactId> <version>${slf4j-nop.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>${db.groupId}</groupId> <artifactId>${db.artifactId}</artifactId> <version>${db.driver.version}</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <configuration> <components> <component> <name>hbm2cfgxml</name> <implementation>annotationconfiguration</implementation> </component> <component> <name>hbm2dao</name> <implementation>annotationconfiguration</implementation> </component> <component> <name>hbm2ddl</name> <implementation>jpaconfiguration</implementation> <outputDirectory>src/main/sql</outputDirectory> </component> <component> <name>hbm2doc</name> <implementation>annotationconfiguration</implementation> </component> <component> <name>hbm2hbmxml</name> <implementation>annotationconfiguration</implementation> </component> <component> <name>hbm2java</name> <implementation>annotationconfiguration</implementation> </component> <component> <name>hbm2template</name> <implementation>annotationconfiguration</implementation> </component> </components> </configuration> </plugin>

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• Drupal Views pulling Data Fields

  - by askon

  I'm a little new to drupal but have been using things like devel module and theme developer to speed up the learning process. My question, is it possible to theme an entire views BLOCK from a single views tpl.php page OR even a preprocess? When I'm grabbing the $view object I can see results $node-result, it has all of the results, but it doesn't have all my views fields. I'm missing things like, node path, taxonomy titles and paths, etc. From my understanding, Drupal wants you to individually theme EACH output field. It seems rather superfluous to create so many extra templates when I've already got over HALF of my results coming through the $view object Would outputting node over field make this easier? Or am going in the wrong direction with $view-result? Thanks!

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• XMLHttpRequest fails in observer method

  - by Michael

  I'm developing a Firefox extension and this code belongs to javascript module. var ajax = Cc["@mozilla.org/xmlextras/xmlhttprequest;1"].createInstance(); ajax.open('GET', "http://www.google.com", true); ajax.onload = function () { Reader.log("Got News"); }; ajax.onerror = function () { Reader.log("Got Error"); }; ajax.send(null); This small code always fails (onerror) if calling from observe method invoked by preference "@mozilla.org/preferences-service;1" Anyone knows how to make this work in observe method?

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• In Django : How to serialize dict object to json ?

  - by Rohit

  I have this very basic problem, >>> serializers.serialize("json", {'a':1}) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<console>", line 1, in <module> File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/core/serializers/__init__.py", line 87, in serialize s.serialize(queryset, **options) File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/core/serializers/base.py", line 40, in serialize for field in obj._meta.local_fields: AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute '_meta' >>> How can this be done ? Thanks in advance !

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• Best practices for using memcached in Rails?

  - by Matt

  Hello everybody, as database transcations in our app are getting more and more time consuming, we have started to use memcached to reduce the amount of queries passed to MySQL. All in all, it works fine and really saves a lot of time. But as caching was "silently appearing" as a workaround to give the app more juice, a lot of our models now contain code like this: def self.all_cached Rails.cache.fetch('object_name') { find( :all, :include => [associations]) } end This is getting more and more a pain as filling and flushing the cache happens in several classes accross the application. Now, I was wondering if there was a better way to abstract memcached logic to make it more powerful and easy to use across all needed models? I was thinking about having some kind of memcached-module which is included in all needed modules. But before playing around, I thought: Let's ask experts first :-) Thanks Matt

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• dump csv from sqlalchemy

  - by afilatun

  For some reason, I want to dump a table from a database (sqlite3) in the form of a csv file. I'm using a python script with elixir (based on sqlalchemy) to modify the database. I was wondering if there is any way to dump the table I use to csv. I've seen sqlalchemy serializer but it doesn't seem to be what I want. Am I doing it wrong? Should I call the sqlite3 python module after closing my sqlalchemy session to dump to a file instead? Or should I use something homemade?

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• MongoDB Schema Design - Real-time Chat

  - by Nick

  I'm starting a project which I think will be particularly suited to MongoDB due to the speed and scalability it affords. The module I'm currently interested in is to do with real-time chat. If I was to do this in a traditional RDBMS I'd split it out into: Channel (A channel has many users) User (A user has one channel but many messages) Message (A message has a user) The the purpose of this use case, I'd like to assume that there will be typically 5 channels active at one time, each handling at most 5 messages per second. Specific queries that need to be fast: Fetch new messages (based on an bookmark, time stamp maybe, or an incrementing counter?) Post a message to a channel Verify that a user can post in a channel Bearing in mind that the document limit with MongoDB is 4mb, how would you go about designing the schema? What would yours look like? Are there any gotchas I should watch out for?

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• Compressing three individual jpeg pics containing temporal redundancy?

  - by michael

  I am interfacing and embedded device with a camera module that returns a single jpeg compressed frame each time I trigger it. I would like to take three successive shots (approx 1 frame per 1/4 second) and further compress the images into a single file. The assumption here is that there is a lot of temporal redundancy, therefore lots of room for more compression across the three frames (compared to sending three separate jpeg images). I will be implementing the solution on an embedded device in C without any libraries and no OS. The camera will be taking pics in an area with very little movement (no visitors or screens in the background, maybe a tree with swaying branches), so I think my assumption about redundancy is pretty solid. When the file is finally viewed on a pc/mac, I don't mind having to write something to extract the three frames (so it can be a nonstandard cluge) So I guess the actual question is: What is the best way to compress these three images together given the fact that they are already in JPEG format (it is a possibly to convert back to a raw image, but if i dont have too...)

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• Sort by an object's type

  - by Richard Levasseur

  Hi all, I have code that statically registers (type, handler_function) pairs at module load time, resulting in a dict like this: HANDLERS = { str: HandleStr, int: HandleInt, ParentClass: HandleCustomParent, ChildClass: HandleCustomChild } def HandleObject(obj): for data_type in sorted(HANDLERS.keys(), ???): if isinstance(obj, data_type): HANDLERS[data_type](obj) Where ChildClass inherits from ParentClass. The problem is that, since its a dict, the order isn't defined - but how do I introspect type objects to figure out a sort key? The resulting order should be child classes follow by super classes (most specific types first). E.g. str comes before basestring, and ChildClass comes before ParentClass. If types are unrelated, it doesn't matter where they go relative to each other.

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• VB.net Edit-And-Continue: ignore "unable to apply this change while debugging"

  - by FastAl

  When using VB.Net (2008) and paused in debugging, Edit-And-Continue is a great time-saver. However if you change any module/class-level information (variable, sub/function signature, etc), you get the error message like this: "unable to apply this change while debugging" While I can understand the technical challenge to making this work (and why it would be hard), it leaves me in a tight spot with just a few options: 1) Restart and recompile and get the program back to the same state 2) Continue debugging without making the change, and risk forgetting 3) Type up a reminder note to make the change All of which are annoying. Now I know that option '4) Just actually make the change' may not be possible. but does anybody know how to enable the following 'technically easy' possibility? 4) Let me change the code, get it flagged with the purple squiggly underline, so I can save it, but just ignore the change until recompile I have checked the Tools|options|debug|edit and continue, nothing appears to let me do this. thanks!

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