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• C#: why have all static methods/variables in a non-static class?

  - by Craig Johnston

  I have come across a class which is non-static, but all the methods and variables are static. Eg: public class Class1 { private static string String1 = "one"; private static string String2 = "two"; public static void PrintStrings(string str1, string str2) { ... All the variables are static across all instances, so there is no point having separate instances of the class. Is there any reason to create a class such as this?

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• How to synchronize static method in java.

  - by Summer_More_More_Tea

  Hi there: I come up with this question when implementing singleton pattern in Java. Even though the example listed blow is not my real code, yet very similar to the original one. public class ConnectionFactory{ private static ConnectionFactory instance; public static synchronized ConnectionFactory getInstance(){ if( instance == null ){ instance = new ConnectionFactory(); } return instance; } private ConnectionFactory(){ // private constructor implementation } } Because I'm not quite sure about the behavior of a static synchronized method, I get some suggestion from google -- do not have (or as less as possible) multiple static synchronized methods in the same class. I guess when implementing static synchronized method, a lock belongs to Class object is used so that multiple static synchronized methods may degrade performance of the system. Am I right? or JVM use other mechanism to implement static synchronized method? What's the best practice if I have to implement multiple static synchronized methods in a class? Thank you all! Kind regards!

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• Java: refactoring static constants

  - by akf

  We are in the process of refactoring some code. There is a feature that we have developed in one project that we would like to now use in other projects. We are extracting the foundation of this feature and making it a full-fledged project which can then be imported by its current project and others. This effort has been relatively straight-forward but we have one headache. When the framework in question was originally developed, we chose to keep a variety of constant values defined as static fields in a single class. Over time this list of static members grew. The class is used in very many places in our code. In our current refactoring, we will be elevating some of the members of this class to our new framework, but leaving others in place. Our headache is in extracting the foundation members of this class to be used in our new project, and more specifically, how we should address those extracted members in our existing code. We know that we can have our existing Constants class subclass this new project's Constants class and it would inherit all of the parent's static members. This would allow us to effect the change without touching the code that uses these members to change the class name on the static reference. However, the tight coupling inherent in this choice doesn't feel right. before: public class ConstantsA { public static final String CONSTANT1 = "constant.1"; public static final String CONSTANT2 = "constant.2"; public static final String CONSTANT3 = "constant.3"; } after: public class ConstantsA extends ConstantsB { public static final String CONSTANT1 = "constant.1"; } public class ConstantsB { public static final String CONSTANT2 = "constant.2"; public static final String CONSTANT3 = "constant.3"; } In our existing code branch, all of the above would be accessible in this manner: ConstantsA.CONSTANT2 I would like to solicit arguments about whether this is 'acceptable' and/or what the best practices are.

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• How good idea is it to use code contracts in Visual Studio 2010 Professional (ie. no static checking

  - by Lasse V. Karlsen

  I create class libraries, some which are used by others around the world, and now that I'm starting to use Visual Studio 2010 I'm wondering how good idea it is for me to switch to using code contracts, instead of regular old-style if-statements. ie. instead of this: if (String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(fileName)) throw new ArgumentNullException("fileName"); (yes, I know, if it is whitespace, it isn't strictly null) use this: Contract.Requires(!String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(fileName)); The reason I'm asking is that I know that the static checker is not available to me, so I'm a bit nervous about some assumptions that I make, that the compiler cannot verify. This might lead to the class library not compiling for someone that downloads it, when they have the static checker. This, coupled with the fact that I cannot even reproduce the problem, would make it tiresome to fix, and I would gather that it doesn't speak volumes to the quality of my class library if it seemingly doesn't even compile out of the box. So I have a few questions: Is the static checker on by default if you have access to it? Or is there a setting I need to switch on in the class library (and since I don't have the static checker, I won't) Are my fears unwarranted? Is the above scenario a real problem? Any advice would be welcome.

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• What does static and IOException mean?

  - by Brian

  I just had a test on java and we had to give the definition of 1) Static: 2) IOExcepion: What I said for static was...a static method is used to define a method as a class method. And I got it wrong so I asked my teacher and he said he wants the actually definition of static not a static method, class or variable just static. Can someone tell me the definition of this and for IOException please Thanks.

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• Performance side effect with static internal Util classes?

  - by Fostah

  For a util class that contains a bunch of static functionality that's related to the same component, but has different purposes, I like to use static internal classes to organize the functionality, like so: class ComponentUtil { static class Layout { static int calculateX(/* ... */) { // ... } static int calculateY(/* ... */) { // ... } } static class Process { static int doThis(/* ... */) { // ... } static int doThat(/* ... */) { // ... } } } Is there any performance degradation using these internal classes vs. just having all the functionality in the Util class?

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• Is variables in the main methods are static.

  - by vaibhav

  Its a well known fact that static method can work only on static members. public static void Main() { Test t1 = new Test(); } Here Main method is static, but I hav'nt declared t1 as static. Is it implicitly static.

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• Why there is no static structs in C#, but static methods within them exists?

  - by sfedorov1982

  // OK struct MyStruct { static void Foo() { } } // Error static struct MyStruct { }

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• How do I access static variables in an enum class without a class instance?

  - by krick

  I have some code that processes fixed length data records. I've defined the record structures using java enums. I've boiled it down the the simplest example possible to illustrate the hoops that I currently have to jump through to get access to a static variable inside the enum. Is there a better way to get at this variable that I'm overlooking? If you compile and run the code, it just prints out "3". Note: the "code" tag doesn't seem to want to format this properly, but it should compile. class EnumTest { private interface RecordLayout { public int length(); } private enum RecordType1 implements RecordLayout { FIELD1 (2), FIELD2 (1), ; private int length; private RecordType1(int length) { this.length = length; } public int length() { return length; } public static int LEN = 3; } private static <E extends Enum<E> & RecordLayout> String parse(String data, Class<E> record) { // ugly hack to get at LEN... try { int len = record.getField("LEN").getInt(record); System.out.println(len); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(e); } String results = ""; for (E field: record.getEnumConstants()) { // do some stuff with the fields } return results; } public static void main(String args[]) { parse("ABC", RecordType1.class); } }

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• Why do memory-managed languages retain the `new` keyword?

  - by Channel72

  The new keyword in languages like Java, Javascript, and C# creates a new instance of a class. This syntax seems to have been inherited from C++, where new is used specifically to allocate a new instance of a class on the heap, and return a pointer to the new instance. In C++, this is not the only way to construct an object. You can also construct an object on the stack, without using new - and in fact, this way of constructing objects is much more common in C++. So, coming from a C++ background, the new keyword in languages like Java, Javascript, and C# seemed natural and obvious to me. Then I started to learn Python, which doesn't have the new keyword. In Python, an instance is constructed simply by calling the constructor, like: f = Foo() At first, this seemed a bit off to me, until it occurred to me that there's no reason for Python to have new, because everything is an object so there's no need to disambiguate between various constructor syntaxes. But then I thought - what's really the point of new in Java? Why should we say Object o = new Object();? Why not just Object o = Object();? In C++ there's definitely a need for new, since we need to distinguish between allocating on the heap and allocating on the stack, but in Java all objects are constructed on the heap, so why even have the new keyword? The same question could be asked for Javascript. In C#, which I'm much less familiar with, I think new may have some purpose in terms of distinguishing between object types and value types, but I'm not sure. Regardless, it seems to me that many languages which came after C++ simply "inherited" the new keyword - without really needing it. It's almost like a vestigial keyword. We don't seem to need it for any reason, and yet it's there. Question: Am I correct about this? Or is there some compelling reason that new needs to be in C++-inspired memory-managed languages like Java, Javascript and C#?

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• Formatting Keywords to UPPERCASE In Oracle SQL Developer

  - by thatjeffsmith

  I received this question from a customer today, and it took me more than a few minutes to remember where this preference was located in SQL Developer. This tells me that the topic is ripe for blogging How do I go FROM: select * from scott.emp where ename like '%JEFF%' TO SELECT * FROM scott.emp WHERE ename LIKE '%JEFF%' It’s all in the formatting You need to access the formatting preferences under the Tools menu. It takes a bit of navigating to get there, so bear with me: Tools Database SQL Formatter Oracle Formatting Click ‘Edit’ on the profile Other Case change: ‘Keywords Uppercase’ It’s easy to find once you know where to look? You can tell it to leave the case alone, upper everything, upper only the keywords, lower everything. Accessing the Formatter Options We allow separate formatting options for different RDBMS. You need to make sure you’re accessing the ‘Oracle Formatting’ page in the preferences. You can then choose to edit the default options OR you can do what I have done – save the defaults as a new set of options. I’ve called my profile ‘JeffCustom.’ I can now switch back and forth now through different sets of formatting options. You need to hit the ‘Edit’ button to get to the formatting options editor. A good number of people seem to miss this. Select your profile, then hit the ‘Edit’ button

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• Managing Static Library project as a module like Framework on iOS project in Xcode4.

  - by Eonil

  (Solution Note, I'll answer immediately) Many people including me trying to make a kind of Static Library framework for iOS to archive some kind of modularity. Framework is best way to do this, but it doesn't provided by Apple, and workarounds don't work well. https://github.com/kstenerud/iOS-Universal-Framework/tree/master/Fake%20Framework/Templates Fake framework cannot be referenced from linking tab in Build Phases. Real framework needs modification of system setting. And still not work smoothly on every parts. Problem is static library need header files, and it's impossible to reference header files on project at another location on different project without some script. And script breaks IDE's file management abstraction. How can I use static library project like a convenient module manner? (just dragging project into another project to complete embedding)

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• Is there a way to catch a MOUSE_UP Event over a static textfield in Flash?

  - by Jovica Aleksic

  When the user presses the mouse, and releases it over a static textfield with selectable text, no MOUSE_UP event is fired - not on the stage and also nowhere else. I experienced this when using a scrollbar class on a movieclip with a nested static textfield. When the user drags the scroll handle and releases the mouse over the textfield, the dragging/scrolling is stuck. To test this, create a new AS3 fla file, place a static textfield somewhere, and put in some text. Make sure the selectable property is checked in the properties panel. Add this script to the timeline: import flash.events.* function down(event:Event):void { trace('down'); } function up(event:Event):void { trace('up'); } stage.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DOWN, down) stage.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_UP, up) Now test the movie and click the mouse. You will notice that trace('up') will not occur when you release the mouse over the textfield.

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• How to initialize a static const map in c++?

  - by Meloun

  Hi, I need just dictionary or asociative array string = int. There is type map C++ for this case. But I need make one map in my class make for all instances(- static) and this map cannot be changed(- const); I have found this way with boost library std::map<int, char> example = boost::assign::map_list_of(1, 'a') (2, 'b') (3, 'c'); Is there other solution without this lib? I have tried something like this, but there are always some issues with map initialization. class myClass{ private: static map<int,int> create_map() { map<int,int> m; m[1] = 2; m[3] = 4; m[5] = 6; return m; } static map<int,int> myMap = create_map(); } thanks

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• How can I change the value or a static char* from a function? C++

  - by flyout

  I am trying to change the value of a "static char *" I define at startup, I do it from inside a function, and when this function returns the var I am trying to re-set the value doesn't retain it. Example: static char *X = "test_1"; void testFunc() { char buf[256]; // fill buf with stuff... X = buf; } How can I achieve this without using static for buf? Should I use another datatype? if so, which one?

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• Where should common static resources (images, js, css, etc) go in DotNetNuke?

  - by Joosh21

  Is there a recommended location to store static resources (images, css, js, etc) in a DotNetNuke 5.x installation? There are /images and /js folders as well as a /Resources folder that contains resources. There appears to be some overlap as MicrosoftAjax.js is in multiple locations (but might be different versions?). I also could put resources in a /DesktopModule/ModuleX location. Does anyone know if there is a difference in using any of these folders? I kinda like the idea of all static resources being under a common folder (/Resources) so I could set caching rule headers, permissions, etc on them in one place. Has anyone used a separate image server to serve DotNetNuke static content? http://stackoverflow.com/questions/913208/pros-and-cons-of-a-separate-image-server-e-g-images-mydomain-com

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• Can I use a static var to "cache" the result? C++

  - by flyout

  I am using a function that returns a char*, and right now I am getting the compiler warning "returning address of local variable or temporary", so I guess I will have to use a static var for the return, my question is can I make something like if(var already set) return var else do function and return var? This is my function: char * GetUID() { TCHAR buf[20]; StringCchPrintf(buf, 20*sizeof(char), TEXT("%s"), someFunction()); return buf; } And this is what I want to do: char * GetUID() { static TCHAR buf[20]; if(strlen(buf)!=0) return buf; StringCchPrintf(buf, 20*sizeof(char), TEXT("%s"), someFunction()); return buf; } Is this a well use of static vars? And should I use ZeroMemory(&buf, 20*sizeof(char))? I removed it because if I use it above the if(strlen...) my TCHAR length is never 0, should I use it below?

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• C# Add class instance with internal timer to a static List, is it safe?

  - by CodeMongo

  My program has a static list of type classA. ClassA implements a threading timer that executes a task. The list may contain as many instances of classA as desired. Is this technique causing threading issues where the class instances can block each other? It that is the case how can I solve the that problem. ex: static List<MyClassType> list=null; void static Main() { list = new List<MyClassType>(); var a = new MyClassType(); var b = new MyClassType(); list.Add(a); list.Add(b); Console.ReadKey(); } a and b will execute theire internal task based on the timer.Is it s bsd technique? Why?

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• Unit testing of static library that involves NSDocumentDirectory and other iOS App specific calls.

  - by Shiun

  Hi, I'm attempting to run unit tests for a static library that attempts to create/write/read a file in the document directory. Since this is a static library and not an application for the iOS, attempts to reference the NSDocumentDirectory is returning me directory for the form "/Users//Library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/Documents" This directory does not exist. When attempting to access a directory from an actual application, the NSDocumentDirectory returns something of the form: "/Users//Library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/4.2/FEDBEF5F-1326-4383-A087-CDA1B865E61A/Documents" (Please note the simulator version as well as application ID as part of the path) How can I overcome this shortcoming in the unit test framework for static libraries that implement tests that require iOS app specific calls? Thanks in advance.

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• Header unset Server not working for static files

  - by Sam Lee

  I'm trying to unset the "Server" field in response headers. I do this using Header unset Server, and that works fine for requests handled by mod_perl. However, for requests to /static I use Apache to serve static files. For some reason, when these files are loaded directly in the browser, the Server field is not removed. How can I go about fixing this? Relevent parts of my httpd.conf: LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so Header unset Server <VirtualHost *:80> <Location /> SetHandler modperl PerlResponseHandler MyHandler </Location> Alias /static/ /home/site/static/ <Location /static> SetHandler None </Location> </VirtualHost>

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• Ask How-To Geek: Clone a Disk, Resize Static Windows, and Create System Function Shortcuts

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  This week we take a look at how to clone a hard disk for easy backup or duplication, resize stubbornly static windows, and create shortcuts for dozens of Windows functions. Once a week we dip into our reader mailbag and help readers solve their problems, sharing the useful solutions with you in the process. Read on to see our fixes for this week’s reader dilemmas. Latest Features How-To Geek ETC HTG Projects: How to Create Your Own Custom Papercraft Toy How to Combine Rescue Disks to Create the Ultimate Windows Repair Disk What is Camera Raw, and Why Would a Professional Prefer it to JPG? The How-To Geek Guide to Audio Editing: The Basics How To Boot 10 Different Live CDs From 1 USB Flash Drive The 20 Best How-To Geek Linux Articles of 2010 ShapeShifter: What Are Dreams? [Video] This Computer Runs on Geek Power Wallpaper Bones, Clocks, and Counters; A Look at the First 35,000 Years of Computing Arctic Theme for Windows 7 Gives Your Desktop an Icy Touch Install LibreOffice via PPA and Receive Auto-Updates in Ubuntu Creative Portraits Peek Inside the Guts of Modern Electronics

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• Box2D Static-Dynamic body joint eliminates collisions

  - by andrewz

  I have a static body A, and a dynamic body B, and a dynamic body C. A is filtered to not collide with anything, B and C collide with each other. I wish to create a joint between B and A. When I create a joint (ex. revolute), B no longer collides with C - C passes through it as if it does not exist. What am I doing wrong? How can adding a joint prevent a body from colliding with another body it used to? EDIT: I want to join B with A, and have B collide with C, but not A collide with C. In realistic terms, I'm trying to create a revolute joint between a wheel (B) and a wall (A), and have a box (C) hit the wheel and the wheel would then rotate. EDIT: I create a the simplest revolute joint I can with these parameters (C++): b2RevoluteJointDef def; def.Initialize(A, B, B -> GetWorldCenter()); world -> CreateJoint(&def);

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• Cannot ping static ip on eth1

  - by Calvin Froedge

  I am trying to ping the network interface I have set up for eth1. This is my config: auto eth1 iface eth1 inet static address 192.168.1.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.1.1 broadcast 192.168.1.255 If I ping 192.168.1.2, I get: Ping 192.168.1.2 (192.168.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.1.3 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable Results of ifconfig tell me that the IPv4 address is 192.168.1.3. I can ping this ip. Bcast and Mask are as expected (same as in definition). I can ping 192.168.1.3 from my macbook. I cannot ping 192.168.1.2 locally or from my macbook. Any ideas why?

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• Structuring a rails application with static data

  - by Morten

  I'm working on a rails application, and so far I've focused on the api and the functionality. But now I'm more and more reaching a point where I will want to add static content, descriptions of the software and help information. Information that is generally in a CMS system. How do I in the best way structure this so I can still work with the application. Yet maintaining the look and feel of the rails application? Do write a CMS in my app? That seems a bit far fetched. Are there any Gems that do this? What is the de facto standard for architecting this scenario?

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• Assigning Static Public IP Address to Windows Server 2008

  - by Neeti

  Please help a newbie. I am new to windows server. I have an IBM server and I have installed Windows Server 2008 R2 on that. I am provided with a static IP address by my ISP. How I can assign that to my server? I have a webapplication hosted on the server which I require to access from the external world using internet browser. How can this be achieved? Please let me know if there are any tutorials or step by step guide for achieving what I am trying to.

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