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  • Running an allocation simulation repeatedly breaks after the first run.

    - by Az
    Background I have a bunch of students, their desired projects and the supervisors for the respective projects. I'm running a battery of simulations to see which projects the students end up with, which will allow me to get some useful statistics required for feedback. So, this is essentially a Monte-Carlo simulation where I'm randomising the list of students and then iterating through it, allocating projects until I hit the end of the list. Then the process is repeated again. Note that, within a single session, after each successful allocation of a project the following take place: + the project is set to allocated and cannot be given to another student + the supervisor has a fixed quota of students he can supervise. This is decremented by 1 + Once the quota hits 0, all the projects from that supervisor become blocked and this has the same effect as a project being allocated Code def resetData(): for student in students.itervalues(): student.allocated_project = None for supervisor in supervisors.itervalues(): supervisor.quota = 0 for project in projects.itervalues(): project.allocated = False project.blocked = False The role of resetData() is to "reset" certain bits of the data. For example, when a project is successfully allocated, project.allocated for that project is flipped to True. While that's useful for a single run, for the next run I need to be deallocated. Above I'm iterating through thee three dictionaries - one each for students, projects and supervisors - where the information is stored. The next bit is the "Monte-Carlo" simulation for the allocation algorithm. sesh_id = 1 for trial in range(50): for id in randomiseStudents(1): stud_id = id student = students[id] if not student.preferences: # Ignoring the students who've not entered any preferences for rank in ranks: temp_proj = random.choice(list(student.preferences[rank])) if not (temp_proj.allocated or temp_proj.blocked): alloc_proj = student.allocated_proj_ref = temp_proj.proj_id alloc_proj_rank = student.allocated_rank = rank successActions(temp_proj) temp_alloc = Allocated(sesh_id, stud_id, alloc_proj, alloc_proj_rank) print temp_alloc # Explained break sesh_id += 1 resetData() # Refer to def resetData() above All randomiseStudents(1) does is randomise the order of students. Allocated is a class defined as such: class Allocated(object): def __init__(self, sesh_id, stud_id, alloc_proj, alloc_proj_rank): self.sesh_id = sesh_id self.stud_id = stud_id self.alloc_proj = alloc_proj self.alloc_proj_rank = alloc_proj_rank def __repr__(self): return str(self) def __str__(self): return "%s - Student: %s (Project: %s - Rank: %s)" %(self.sesh_id, self.stud_id, self.alloc_proj, self.alloc_proj_rank) Output and problem Now if I run this I get an output such as this (truncated): 1 - Student: 7720 (Project: 1100241 - Rank: 1) 1 - Student: 7832 (Project: 1100339 - Rank: 1) 1 - Student: 7743 (Project: 1100359 - Rank: 1) 1 - Student: 7820 (Project: 1100261 - Rank: 2) 1 - Student: 7829 (Project: 1100270 - Rank: 1) . . . 1 - Student: 7822 (Project: 1100280 - Rank: 1) 1 - Student: 7792 (Project: 1100141 - Rank: 7) 2 - Student: 7739 (Project: 1100267 - Rank: 1) 3 - Student: 7806 (Project: 1100272 - Rank: 1) . . . 45 - Student: 7806 (Project: 1100272 - Rank: 1) 46 - Student: 7714 (Project: 1100317 - Rank: 1) 47 - Student: 7930 (Project: 1100343 - Rank: 1) 48 - Student: 7757 (Project: 1100358 - Rank: 1) 49 - Student: 7759 (Project: 1100269 - Rank: 1) 50 - Student: 7778 (Project: 1100301 - Rank: 1) Basically, it works perfectly for the first run, but on subsequent runs leading upto the nth run, in this case 50, only a single student-project allocation pair is returned. Thus, the main issue I'm having trouble with is figuring out what is causing this anomalous behaviour especially since the first run works smoothly. Thanks in advance, Az

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  • Using EclipseLink

    - by Ross Peoples
    I am still new to Java and Eclipse and I'm trying to get my application to connect to a database. I think I want to use EclipseLink, but all of the documentation on the matter assumes you already know everything there is to know about everything. I keep getting linked back to this tutorial: http://www.vogella.de/articles/JavaPersistenceAPI/article.html But it's basically useless because it doesn't tell you HOW to do anything. For the Installation section, it tells you to download EclipseLink and gives you a link to the download page, but doesn't tell you what to do with it after you download. The download page doesn't either. I used the "Install new software" option in Eclipse to install EclipseLink into Eclipse, but it gave me like 4 different options, none of which are explained anywhere. It gave me options JPA, MOXy, SDO, etc, but I don't know which one I need. I just installed them all. Everything on the web assumes you are already a Java guru and things that are second nature to Java devs are never explained, so it's very frustrating for someone trying to learn. So how do I install and USE EclipseLink in my project and what do I need to do to connect it to a Microsoft SQL server? Again, I am new to all of this so I have no clue what to do. Thanks for the help.

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  • Creating a spider using Scrapy, Spider generation error.

    - by Nacari
    I just downloaded Scrapy (web crawler) on Windows 32 and have just created a new project folder using the "scrapy-ctl.py startproject dmoz" command in dos. I then proceeded to created the first spider using the command: scrapy-ctl.py genspider myspider myspdier-domain.com but it did not work and returns the error: Error running: scrapy-ctl.py genspider, Cannot find project settings module in python path: scrapy_settings. I know I have the path set right (to python26/scripts), but I am having difficulty figuring out what the problem is. I am new to both scrapy and python so there is a good possibility that I have failled to do something important. Also, I have been using eclipse with the Pydev plugin to edit the code if that might cause some problems.

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  • Implementing a linear, binary SVM (support vector machine)

    - by static_rtti
    I want to implement a simple SVM classifier, in the case of high-dimensional binary data (text), for which I think a simple linear SVM is best. The reason for implementing it myself is basically that I want to learn how it works, so using a library is not what I want. The problem is that most tutorials go up to an equation that can be solved as a "quadratic problem", but they never show an actual algorithm! So could you point me either to a very simple implementation I could study, or (better) to a tutorial that goes all the way to the implementation details? Thanks a lot!

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  • how to extract elements from a list in python ?

    - by Stefano Borini
    I feel suddenly uneasy of not being able to perform this operation easily. It could be that I'm tired, or that there's really no way (google didn't help), but... if you have a list in python, and want to extract element at indices say 1, 2 and 5 into a new list, how do you do ? This is how I did it, but I'm not very satisfied >>> a [10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15] >>> [x[1] for x in enumerate(a) if x[0] in [1,2,5]] [11, 12, 15] any better way ? more in general, given a tuple with indices, how to use this tuple to extract the corresponding elements from a list, eventually with duplication (e.g. tuple (1,1,2,1,5) produces [11,11,12,11,15] )

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  • convert bitset to string ??

    - by mr.bio
    Hi .. What is wrong with this code ? set<string> nk ; bitset<3> bs1(string("100")); nk.insert(bs1.to_string()); error: no matching function for call to `std::bitset<3u::to_string()' why?!

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  • Python unit-testing with nose: Making sequential tests

    - by cool-RR
    I am just learning how to do unit-testing. I'm on Python / nose / Wing IDE. (The project that I'm writing tests for is a simulations framework, and among other things it lets you run simulations both synchronously and asynchronously, and the results of the simulation should be the same in both.) The thing is, I want some of my tests to use simulation results that were created in other tests. For example, synchronous_test calculates a certain simulation in synchronous mode, but then I want to calculate it in asynchronous mode, and check that the results came out the same. How do I structure this? Do I put them all in one test function, or make a separate asynchronous_test? Do I pass these objects from one test function to another? Also, keep in mind that all these tests will run through a test generator, so I can do the tests for each of the simulation packages included with my program.

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  • Python learner needs help spotting an error

    - by Protean
    This piece of code gives a syntax error at the colon of "elif process.loop(i, len(list_i) != 'repeat':" and I can't seem to figure out why. class process: def loop(v1, v2): if v1 < v2 - 1: return 'repeat' def isel(chr_i, list_i): for i in range(len(list_i)): if chr_i == list_i[i]: return list_i[i] elif process.loop(i, len(list_i) != 'repeat': return 'error'()

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  • Open Source Utilization Questions: How do you lone wold programmers best take advantage of open sour

    - by Funkyeah
    For Clarity: So you come up with an idea for a new program and want to start hacking, but you also happen to be a one-man army. How do you programming dynamos best find and utilize existing open-source software to give you the highest jumping off point possible when diving into your new project? When you do jump in where the shit do you start from? Any imaginary scenarios would be welcome, e.g. a shitty example might be utilizing a open-source database with an open-source IM client as a starting off point to a make a new client where you could tag and store conversations and query those tags at a later time.

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  • Awk: how to have backclashes in printf?

    - by HH
    Works: awk '{print $$1"\t&\t"$$2"\t\\\\"}' .file > file.tex Does not work, why? awk '{printf %.2f"\t&\t"\.2f"\t\\\\",$$1,$$2}' .file > file.tex Error: awk: {printf %.2f"\t&\t"\.2f"\t\\\\",$1,$2} awk: ^ backslash not last character on line

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  • Convert string to decimal retaining the exact input format

    - by Brett
    Hi All, I'm sure this is a piece of cake but I'm really struggling with something that seems trivial. I need to check the inputted text of a textbox on the form submit and check to see if it's within a desired range (I've tried a Range Validator but it doesn't work for some reason so I'm trying to do this server-side). What I want to do is: Get the value inputted (eg. 0.02), replace the commas and periods, convert that to a decimal (or double or equivalent) and check to see if it's between 0.10 and 35000.00. Here's what I have so far: string s = txtTransactionValue.Text.Replace(",", string.Empty).Replace(".", string.Empty); decimal transactionValue = Decimal.Parse(s); if (transactionValue >= 0.10M && transactionValue <= 35000.00M) // do something If I pass 0.02 into the above, transactionValue is 2. I want to retain the value as 0.02 (ie. do no format changes to it - 100.00 is 100.00, 999.99 is 999.99) Any ideas? Thanks in advance, Brett

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  • Python: how to enclose strings in a list with < and >

    - by Michael Konietzny
    Hello, i would like to enclose strings inside of list into < (formatted like <%s). The current code does the following: def create_worker (general_logger, general_config): arguments = ["worker_name", "worker_module", "worker_class"] __check_arguments(arguments) def __check_arguments(arguments): if len(sys.argv) < 2 + len(arguments): print "Usage: %s delete-project %s" % (__file__," ".join(arguments)) sys.exit(10) The current output looks like this: Usage: ...\handler_scripts.py delete-project worker_name worker_module worker_class and should look like this: Usage: ...\handler_scripts.py delete-project <worker_name> <worker_module> <worker_class> Is there any short way to do this ? Greetings, Michael

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  • Using singleton instead of a global static instance

    - by Farstucker
    I ran into a problem today and a friend recommended I use a global static instance or more elegantly a singleton pattern. I spent a few hours reading about singletons but a few things still escape me. Background: What Im trying to accomplish is creating an instance of an API and use this one instance in all my classes (as opposed to making a new connection, etc). There seems to be about 100 ways of creating a singleton but with some help from yoda I found some thread safe examples. ..so given the following code: public sealed class Singleton { public static Singleton Instance { get; private set; } private Singleton() { APIClass api = new APIClass(); //Can this be done? } static Singleton() { Instance = new Singleton(); } } How/Where would you instantiate the this new class and how should it be called from a separate class? EDIT: I realize the Singleton class can be called with something like Singleton obj1 = Singleton.Instance(); but would I be able to access the methods within the APIs Class (ie. obj1.Start)? (not that I need to, just asking) EDIT #2: I might have been a bit premature in checking the answer but I do have one small thing that is still causing me problems. The API is launching just fine, unfortunately Im able to launch two instances? New Code public sealed class SingletonAPI { public static SingletonAPI Instance { get; private set; } private SingletonAPI() {} static SingletonAPI() { Instance = new SingletonAPI(); } // API method: public void Start() { API myAPI = new API();} } but if I try to do something like this... SingletonAPI api = SingletonAPI.Instance; api.Start(); SingletonAPI api2 = SingletonAPI.Instance; // This was just for testing. api2.Start(); I get an error saying that I cannot start more than one instance.

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  • Replace values in a dataframe based on another factor which contains NA's in R

    - by PaulHurleyuk
    I have a dataframe which contains (among other things) a numeric column with a concentration, and a factor column with a status flag. This status flag contains NA's. Here's an example df<-structure(list(conc = c(101.769, 1.734, 62.944, 92.697, 25.091, 27.377, 24.343, 55.084, 0.335, 23.280), status = structure(c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 2L, NA, 1L, NA), .Label = c("<LLOQ", "NR"), class = "factor")), .Names = c("conc", "status"), row.names = c(NA, -10L), class = "data.frame") I want to replace the concentration column with a string for some values of the flag column, or with the concentration value formatted to a certain number of significant digits. When I try this ifelse(df$status=="NR","NR",df$conc) The NA's in the status flag don't trigger either the true or false condition (and return NA) - as the documentation suggests it will. I could loop over the rows and use IF then else on each one but this seems inefficient. Am I missing something ? I've tried as.character(df$status) as well which doesn't work. My mojo must be getting low....

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  • Good beginners' level book about mobile telecommunication

    - by vito
    I've recently joined a company who specialize in the mobile telecommunication domain. I'm encountering a lot of jargons, and I'm feeling a bit lost in most of the conversations. Although I'm quickly searching for the new terms on the web and learning stuff on the job, I would like to read an introductory book that will take me through the basics of the mobile world. Thanks for your recommendations!

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  • Allocation algorithm help, using Python.

    - by Az
    Hi there, I've been working on this general allocation algorithm for students. The pseudocode for it (a Python implementation) is: for a student in a dictionary of students: for student's preference in a set of preferences (ordered from 1 to 10): let temp_project be the first preferred project check if temp_project is available if so, allocate it to them and make the project UNavailable to others Quite simply this will try to allocate projects by starting from their most preferred. The way it works, out of a set of say 100 projects, you list 10 you would want to do. So the 10th project wouldn't be the "least preferred overall" but rather the least preferred in their chosen set, which isn't so bad. Obviously if it can't allocate a project, a student just reverts to the base case which is an allocation of None, with a rank of 11. What I'm doing is calculating the allocation "quality" based on a weighted sum of the ranks. So the lower the numbers (i.e. more highly preferred projects), the better the allocation quality (i.e. more students have highly preferred projects). That's basically what I've currently got. Simple and it works. Now I'm working on this algorithm that tries to minimise the allocation weight locally (this pseudocode is a bit messy, sorry). The only reason this will probably work is because my "search space" as it is, isn't particularly large (just a very general, anecdotal observation, mind you). Since the project is only specific to my Department, we have their own limits imposed. So the number of students can't exceed 100 and the number of preferences won't exceed 10. for student in a dictionary/list/whatever of students: where i = 0 take the (i)st student, (i+1)nd student for their ranks: allocate the projects and set local_weighting to be sum(student_i.alloc_proj_rank, student_i+1.alloc_proj_rank) these are the cases: if local_weighting is 2 (i.e. both ranks are 1): then i += 1 and and continue above if local weighting is = N>2 (i.e. one or more ranks are greater than 1): let temp_local_weighting be N: pick student with lowest rank and then move him to his next rank and pick the other student and reallocate his project after this if temp_local_weighting is < N: then allocate those projects to the students move student with lowest rank to the next rank and reallocate other if temp_local_weighting < previous_temp_allocation: let these be the new allocated projects try moving for the lowest rank and reallocate other else: if this weighting => previous_weighting let these be the allocated projects i += 1 and move on for the rest of the students So, questions: This is sort of a modification of simulated annealing, but any sort of comments on this would be appreciated. How would I keep track of which student is (i) and which student is (i+1) If my overall list of students is 100, then the thing would mess up on (i+1) = 101 since there is none. How can I circumvent that? Any immediate flaws that can be spotted? Extra info: My students dictionary is designed as such: students[student_id] = Student(student_id, student_name, alloc_proj, alloc_proj_rank, preferences) where preferences is in the form of a dictionary such that preferences[rank] = {project_id}

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  • very quickly getting total size of folder

    - by freakazo
    I want to quickly find the total size of any folder using python. def GetFolderSize(path): TotalSize = 0 for item in os.walk(path): for file in item[2]: try: TotalSize = TotalSize + getsize(join(item[0], file)) except: print("error with file: " + join(item[0], file)) return TotalSize That's the simple script I wrote to get the total size of the folder, it took around 60 seconds (+-5 seconds). By using multiprocessing I got it down to 23 seconds on a quad core machine. Using the Windows file explorer it takes only ~3 seconds (Right click- properties to see for yourself). So is there a faster way of finding the total size of a folder close to the speed that windows can do it? Windows 7, python 2.6 (Did searches but most of the time people used a very similar method to my own) Thanks in advance.

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  • Clear all class variables between instances

    - by ensnare
    This is probably a stupid question, but what's the best way to clear class variables between instances? I know I could reset each variable individually in the constructor; but is there a way to do this in bulk? Or am I doing something totally wrong that requires a different approach? Thanks for helping ... class User(): def __init__(self): #RESET ALL CLASS VARIABLES def commit(self): #Commit variables to database >>u = User() >>u.name = 'Jason' >>u.email = '[email protected]' >>u.commit() So that each time User is called the variables are fresh. Thanks.

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  • Java : method to to print relative pathname?

    - by HH
    I am hesitant just to look at some env.vars and try to replace things with regexes. So is there a ready method to print relative pathnames system-independently? $ echo ~ /u/user $ pwd /u/user/OH/one/src $ echo "Like relative pathnames ~/OH/one/src, not /u/user/OH/one/src."

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  • How to 'assign' a value to an output reg in Verilog?

    - by Rafael Almeida
    ( insert really basic question disclaimer here ) More specifically, I have the following declaration: output reg icache_ram_rw And in some point of the code I need to put the zero value in this reg. Here's what I've tried and the outcomes: assign icache_ram_rw = 1'b0; ( declarative lvalue or port sink reg icache_ram_rw must be a wire ) icache_ram_rw <= 1'b0; ( instance gate/name for type "icache_ram_rw" expected - <= read ) How do I do it after all?!

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  • Blackjack game reshuffling problem

    - by Jam
    I am trying to make a blackjack game where before each new round, the program checks to make sure that the deck has 7 cards per player. And if it doesn't, the deck clears, repopulates, and reshuffles. I have most of the problem down, but for some reason at the start of every deal it reshuffles the deck more than once, and I can't figure out why. Help, please. Here's what I have so far: (P.S. the imported cards and games modules aren't part of the problem, I'm fairly sure my problem lies in the deal() function of my BJ_Deck class.) import cards, games class BJ_Card(cards.Card): """ A Blackjack Card. """ ACE_VALUE = 1 def get_value(self): if self.is_face_up: value = BJ_Card.RANKS.index(self.rank) + 1 if value > 10: value = 10 else: value = None return value value = property(get_value) class BJ_Deck(cards.Deck): """ A Blackjack Deck. """ def populate(self): for suit in BJ_Card.SUITS: for rank in BJ_Card.RANKS: self.cards.append(BJ_Card(rank, suit)) def deal(self, hands, per_hand=1): for rounds in range(per_hand): for hand in hands: if len(self.cards)>=7*(len(hands)): top_card=self.cards[0] self.give(top_card, hand) else: print "Reshuffling the deck." self.cards=[] self.populate() self.shuffle() top_card=self.cards[0] self.give(top_card, hand) class BJ_Hand(cards.Hand): """ A Blackjack Hand. """ def init(self, name): super(BJ_Hand, self).init() self.name = name def __str__(self): rep = self.name + ":\t" + super(BJ_Hand, self).__str__() if self.total: rep += "(" + str(self.total) + ")" return rep def get_total(self): # if a card in the hand has value of None, then total is None for card in self.cards: if not card.value: return None # add up card values, treat each Ace as 1 total = 0 for card in self.cards: total += card.value # determine if hand contains an Ace contains_ace = False for card in self.cards: if card.value == BJ_Card.ACE_VALUE: contains_ace = True # if hand contains Ace and total is low enough, treat Ace as 11 if contains_ace and total <= 11: # add only 10 since we've already added 1 for the Ace total += 10 return total total = property(get_total) def is_busted(self): return self.total > 21 class BJ_Player(BJ_Hand): """ A Blackjack Player. """ def is_hitting(self): response = games.ask_yes_no("\n" + self.name + ", do you want a hit? (Y/N): ") return response == "y" def bust(self): print self.name, "busts." self.lose() def lose(self): print self.name, "loses." def win(self): print self.name, "wins." def push(self): print self.name, "pushes." class BJ_Dealer(BJ_Hand): """ A Blackjack Dealer. """ def is_hitting(self): return self.total < 17 def bust(self): print self.name, "busts." def flip_first_card(self): first_card = self.cards[0] first_card.flip() class BJ_Game(object): """ A Blackjack Game. """ def init(self, names): self.players = [] for name in names: player = BJ_Player(name) self.players.append(player) self.dealer = BJ_Dealer("Dealer") self.deck = BJ_Deck() self.deck.populate() self.deck.shuffle() def get_still_playing(self): remaining = [] for player in self.players: if not player.is_busted(): remaining.append(player) return remaining # list of players still playing (not busted) this round still_playing = property(get_still_playing) def __additional_cards(self, player): while not player.is_busted() and player.is_hitting(): self.deck.deal([player]) print player if player.is_busted(): player.bust() def play(self): # deal initial 2 cards to everyone self.deck.deal(self.players + [self.dealer], per_hand = 2) self.dealer.flip_first_card() # hide dealer's first card for player in self.players: print player print self.dealer # deal additional cards to players for player in self.players: self.__additional_cards(player) self.dealer.flip_first_card() # reveal dealer's first if not self.still_playing: # since all players have busted, just show the dealer's hand print self.dealer else: # deal additional cards to dealer print self.dealer self.__additional_cards(self.dealer) if self.dealer.is_busted(): # everyone still playing wins for player in self.still_playing: player.win() else: # compare each player still playing to dealer for player in self.still_playing: if player.total > self.dealer.total: player.win() elif player.total < self.dealer.total: player.lose() else: player.push() # remove everyone's cards for player in self.players: player.clear() self.dealer.clear() def main(): print "\t\tWelcome to Blackjack!\n" names = [] number = games.ask_number("How many players? (1 - 7): ", low = 1, high = 8) for i in range(number): name = raw_input("Enter player name: ") names.append(name) print game = BJ_Game(names) again = None while again != "n": game.play() again = games.ask_yes_no("\nDo you want to play again?: ") main() raw_input("\n\nPress the enter key to exit.")

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  • Ubiquity CmdUtils.setSelection won't replace HTML

    - by Josh Timmer
    I'm attempting to write a Ubiquity command that allows you to replace a selected link or URL pointing to an image with that image itself. However, the CmdUtils.setSelection() function (documented here) seems to do nothing if any html tags are present in the selection, making it useless for replacing any links. When selecting plain text, it functions exactly as intended, replacing the text with an <img src="text"/> tag. Is there something I'm missing, or will this function simply not allow me to replace html? If the latter is the case, is there a function or method that will allow me to do this? Any other advice is welcome as well! CmdUtils.CreateCommand({ name: "fetch-image", author: {name: "Josh Timmer"}, license: "GPL", description: "Replaces links or URLs pointing to images with the image itself", help: "Highlight text or a hyperlink and execute this command", takes: {"image URL": /.*/}, _getImgUrl: function(itemIq) { if (itemIq.html.indexOf("<a ",0) < 0) return itemIq.text; var refPos = itemIq.html.indexOf("href=\"",0); if (refPos < 0) return "Error, no URL found!"; var startPos = itemIq.html.indexOf("\"", refPos); var endPos = itemIq.html.indexOf("\"", startPos + 1); startPos += 1; var url = itemIq.html.substring(startPos, endPos); return url; }, preview: function(pblock, input) { pblock.innerHTML = "Image URL: " + this._getImgUrl(input) + "<br/><br/><img src='" + this._getImgUrl(input) + "'/>"; }, execute: function img_insert(input) { CmdUtils.setSelection("<img src='" + this._getImgUrl(input) + "'/>"); displayMessage("Executed: " + this._getImgUrl(input)); } });

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