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  • Help with Collision Resolution?

    - by Milo
    I'm trying to learn about physics by trying to make a simplified GTA 2 clone. My only problem is collision resolution. Everything else works great. I have a rigid body class and from there cars and a wheel class: class RigidBody extends Entity { //linear private Vector2D velocity = new Vector2D(); private Vector2D forces = new Vector2D(); private OBB2D predictionRect = new OBB2D(new Vector2D(), 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); private float mass; private Vector2D deltaVec = new Vector2D(); private Vector2D v = new Vector2D(); //angular private float angularVelocity; private float torque; private float inertia; //graphical private Vector2D halfSize = new Vector2D(); private Bitmap image; private Matrix mat = new Matrix(); private float[] Vector2Ds = new float[2]; private Vector2D tangent = new Vector2D(); private static Vector2D worldRelVec = new Vector2D(); private static Vector2D relWorldVec = new Vector2D(); private static Vector2D pointVelVec = new Vector2D(); public RigidBody() { //set these defaults so we don't get divide by zeros mass = 1.0f; inertia = 1.0f; setLayer(LAYER_OBJECTS); } protected void rectChanged() { if(getWorld() != null) { getWorld().updateDynamic(this); } } //intialize out parameters public void initialize(Vector2D halfSize, float mass, Bitmap bitmap) { //store physical parameters this.halfSize = halfSize; this.mass = mass; image = bitmap; inertia = (1.0f / 20.0f) * (halfSize.x * halfSize.x) * (halfSize.y * halfSize.y) * mass; RectF rect = new RectF(); float scalar = 10.0f; rect.left = (int)-halfSize.x * scalar; rect.top = (int)-halfSize.y * scalar; rect.right = rect.left + (int)(halfSize.x * 2.0f * scalar); rect.bottom = rect.top + (int)(halfSize.y * 2.0f * scalar); setRect(rect); predictionRect.set(rect); } public void setLocation(Vector2D position, float angle) { getRect().set(position, getWidth(), getHeight(), angle); rectChanged(); } public void setPredictionLocation(Vector2D position, float angle) { getPredictionRect().set(position, getWidth(), getHeight(), angle); } public void setPredictionCenter(Vector2D center) { getPredictionRect().moveTo(center); } public void setPredictionAngle(float angle) { predictionRect.setAngle(angle); } public Vector2D getPosition() { return getRect().getCenter(); } public OBB2D getPredictionRect() { return predictionRect; } @Override public void update(float timeStep) { doUpdate(false,timeStep); } public void doUpdate(boolean prediction, float timeStep) { //integrate physics //linear Vector2D acceleration = Vector2D.scalarDivide(forces, mass); if(prediction) { Vector2D velocity = Vector2D.add(this.velocity, Vector2D.scalarMultiply(acceleration, timeStep)); Vector2D c = getRect().getCenter(); c = Vector2D.add(getRect().getCenter(), Vector2D.scalarMultiply(velocity , timeStep)); setPredictionCenter(c); //forces = new Vector2D(0,0); //clear forces } else { velocity.x += (acceleration.x * timeStep); velocity.y += (acceleration.y * timeStep); //velocity = Vector2D.add(velocity, Vector2D.scalarMultiply(acceleration, timeStep)); Vector2D c = getRect().getCenter(); v.x = getRect().getCenter().getX() + (velocity.x * timeStep); v.y = getRect().getCenter().getY() + (velocity.y * timeStep); deltaVec.x = v.x - c.x; deltaVec.y = v.y - c.y; deltaVec.normalize(); setCenter(v.x, v.y); forces.x = 0; //clear forces forces.y = 0; } //angular float angAcc = torque / inertia; if(prediction) { float angularVelocity = this.angularVelocity + angAcc * timeStep; setPredictionAngle(getAngle() + angularVelocity * timeStep); //torque = 0; //clear torque } else { angularVelocity += angAcc * timeStep; setAngle(getAngle() + angularVelocity * timeStep); torque = 0; //clear torque } } public void updatePrediction(float timeStep) { doUpdate(true, timeStep); } //take a relative Vector2D and make it a world Vector2D public Vector2D relativeToWorld(Vector2D relative) { mat.reset(); Vector2Ds[0] = relative.x; Vector2Ds[1] = relative.y; mat.postRotate(JMath.radToDeg(getAngle())); mat.mapVectors(Vector2Ds); relWorldVec.x = Vector2Ds[0]; relWorldVec.y = Vector2Ds[1]; return new Vector2D(Vector2Ds[0], Vector2Ds[1]); } //take a world Vector2D and make it a relative Vector2D public Vector2D worldToRelative(Vector2D world) { mat.reset(); Vector2Ds[0] = world.x; Vector2Ds[1] = world.y; mat.postRotate(JMath.radToDeg(-getAngle())); mat.mapVectors(Vector2Ds); return new Vector2D(Vector2Ds[0], Vector2Ds[1]); } //velocity of a point on body public Vector2D pointVelocity(Vector2D worldOffset) { tangent.x = -worldOffset.y; tangent.y = worldOffset.x; return Vector2D.add( Vector2D.scalarMultiply(tangent, angularVelocity) , velocity); } public void applyForce(Vector2D worldForce, Vector2D worldOffset) { //add linear force forces.x += worldForce.x; forces.y += worldForce.y; //add associated torque torque += Vector2D.cross(worldOffset, worldForce); } @Override public void draw( GraphicsContext c) { c.drawRotatedScaledBitmap(image, getPosition().x, getPosition().y, getWidth(), getHeight(), getAngle()); } public Vector2D getVelocity() { return velocity; } public void setVelocity(Vector2D velocity) { this.velocity = velocity; } public Vector2D getDeltaVec() { return deltaVec; } } Vehicle public class Wheel { private Vector2D forwardVec; private Vector2D sideVec; private float wheelTorque; private float wheelSpeed; private float wheelInertia; private float wheelRadius; private Vector2D position = new Vector2D(); public Wheel(Vector2D position, float radius) { this.position = position; setSteeringAngle(0); wheelSpeed = 0; wheelRadius = radius; wheelInertia = (radius * radius) * 1.1f; } public void setSteeringAngle(float newAngle) { Matrix mat = new Matrix(); float []vecArray = new float[4]; //forward Vector vecArray[0] = 0; vecArray[1] = 1; //side Vector vecArray[2] = -1; vecArray[3] = 0; mat.postRotate(newAngle / (float)Math.PI * 180.0f); mat.mapVectors(vecArray); forwardVec = new Vector2D(vecArray[0], vecArray[1]); sideVec = new Vector2D(vecArray[2], vecArray[3]); } public void addTransmissionTorque(float newValue) { wheelTorque += newValue; } public float getWheelSpeed() { return wheelSpeed; } public Vector2D getAnchorPoint() { return position; } public Vector2D calculateForce(Vector2D relativeGroundSpeed, float timeStep, boolean prediction) { //calculate speed of tire patch at ground Vector2D patchSpeed = Vector2D.scalarMultiply(Vector2D.scalarMultiply( Vector2D.negative(forwardVec), wheelSpeed), wheelRadius); //get velocity difference between ground and patch Vector2D velDifference = Vector2D.add(relativeGroundSpeed , patchSpeed); //project ground speed onto side axis Float forwardMag = new Float(0.0f); Vector2D sideVel = velDifference.project(sideVec); Vector2D forwardVel = velDifference.project(forwardVec, forwardMag); //calculate super fake friction forces //calculate response force Vector2D responseForce = Vector2D.scalarMultiply(Vector2D.negative(sideVel), 2.0f); responseForce = Vector2D.subtract(responseForce, forwardVel); float topSpeed = 500.0f; //calculate torque on wheel wheelTorque += forwardMag * wheelRadius; //integrate total torque into wheel wheelSpeed += wheelTorque / wheelInertia * timeStep; //top speed limit (kind of a hack) if(wheelSpeed > topSpeed) { wheelSpeed = topSpeed; } //clear our transmission torque accumulator wheelTorque = 0; //return force acting on body return responseForce; } public void setTransmissionTorque(float newValue) { wheelTorque = newValue; } public float getTransmissionTourque() { return wheelTorque; } public void setWheelSpeed(float speed) { wheelSpeed = speed; } } //our vehicle object public class Vehicle extends RigidBody { private Wheel [] wheels = new Wheel[4]; private boolean throttled = false; public void initialize(Vector2D halfSize, float mass, Bitmap bitmap) { //front wheels wheels[0] = new Wheel(new Vector2D(halfSize.x, halfSize.y), 0.45f); wheels[1] = new Wheel(new Vector2D(-halfSize.x, halfSize.y), 0.45f); //rear wheels wheels[2] = new Wheel(new Vector2D(halfSize.x, -halfSize.y), 0.75f); wheels[3] = new Wheel(new Vector2D(-halfSize.x, -halfSize.y), 0.75f); super.initialize(halfSize, mass, bitmap); } public void setSteering(float steering) { float steeringLock = 0.13f; //apply steering angle to front wheels wheels[0].setSteeringAngle(steering * steeringLock); wheels[1].setSteeringAngle(steering * steeringLock); } public void setThrottle(float throttle, boolean allWheel) { float torque = 85.0f; throttled = true; //apply transmission torque to back wheels if (allWheel) { wheels[0].addTransmissionTorque(throttle * torque); wheels[1].addTransmissionTorque(throttle * torque); } wheels[2].addTransmissionTorque(throttle * torque); wheels[3].addTransmissionTorque(throttle * torque); } public void setBrakes(float brakes) { float brakeTorque = 15.0f; //apply brake torque opposing wheel vel for (Wheel wheel : wheels) { float wheelVel = wheel.getWheelSpeed(); wheel.addTransmissionTorque(-wheelVel * brakeTorque * brakes); } } public void doUpdate(float timeStep, boolean prediction) { for (Wheel wheel : wheels) { float wheelVel = wheel.getWheelSpeed(); //apply negative force to naturally slow down car if(!throttled && !prediction) wheel.addTransmissionTorque(-wheelVel * 0.11f); Vector2D worldWheelOffset = relativeToWorld(wheel.getAnchorPoint()); Vector2D worldGroundVel = pointVelocity(worldWheelOffset); Vector2D relativeGroundSpeed = worldToRelative(worldGroundVel); Vector2D relativeResponseForce = wheel.calculateForce(relativeGroundSpeed, timeStep,prediction); Vector2D worldResponseForce = relativeToWorld(relativeResponseForce); applyForce(worldResponseForce, worldWheelOffset); } //no throttling yet this frame throttled = false; if(prediction) { super.updatePrediction(timeStep); } else { super.update(timeStep); } } @Override public void update(float timeStep) { doUpdate(timeStep,false); } public void updatePrediction(float timeStep) { doUpdate(timeStep,true); } public void inverseThrottle() { float scalar = 0.2f; for(Wheel wheel : wheels) { wheel.setTransmissionTorque(-wheel.getTransmissionTourque() * scalar); wheel.setWheelSpeed(-wheel.getWheelSpeed() * 0.1f); } } } And my big hack collision resolution: private void update() { camera.setPosition((vehicle.getPosition().x * camera.getScale()) - ((getWidth() ) / 2.0f), (vehicle.getPosition().y * camera.getScale()) - ((getHeight() ) / 2.0f)); //camera.move(input.getAnalogStick().getStickValueX() * 15.0f, input.getAnalogStick().getStickValueY() * 15.0f); if(input.isPressed(ControlButton.BUTTON_GAS)) { vehicle.setThrottle(1.0f, false); } if(input.isPressed(ControlButton.BUTTON_STEAL_CAR)) { vehicle.setThrottle(-1.0f, false); } if(input.isPressed(ControlButton.BUTTON_BRAKE)) { vehicle.setBrakes(1.0f); } vehicle.setSteering(input.getAnalogStick().getStickValueX()); //vehicle.update(16.6666666f / 1000.0f); boolean colided = false; vehicle.updatePrediction(16.66666f / 1000.0f); List<Entity> buildings = world.queryStaticSolid(vehicle,vehicle.getPredictionRect()); if(buildings.size() > 0) { colided = true; } if(!colided) { vehicle.update(16.66f / 1000.0f); } else { Vector2D delta = vehicle.getDeltaVec(); vehicle.setVelocity(Vector2D.negative(vehicle.getVelocity().multiply(0.2f)). add(delta.multiply(-1.0f))); vehicle.inverseThrottle(); } } Here is OBB public class OBB2D { // Corners of the box, where 0 is the lower left. private Vector2D corner[] = new Vector2D[4]; private Vector2D center = new Vector2D(); private Vector2D extents = new Vector2D(); private RectF boundingRect = new RectF(); private float angle; //Two edges of the box extended away from corner[0]. private Vector2D axis[] = new Vector2D[2]; private double origin[] = new double[2]; public OBB2D(Vector2D center, float w, float h, float angle) { set(center,w,h,angle); } public OBB2D(float left, float top, float width, float height) { set(new Vector2D(left + (width / 2), top + (height / 2)),width,height,0.0f); } public void set(Vector2D center,float w, float h,float angle) { Vector2D X = new Vector2D( (float)Math.cos(angle), (float)Math.sin(angle)); Vector2D Y = new Vector2D((float)-Math.sin(angle), (float)Math.cos(angle)); X = X.multiply( w / 2); Y = Y.multiply( h / 2); corner[0] = center.subtract(X).subtract(Y); corner[1] = center.add(X).subtract(Y); corner[2] = center.add(X).add(Y); corner[3] = center.subtract(X).add(Y); computeAxes(); extents.x = w / 2; extents.y = h / 2; computeDimensions(center,angle); } private void computeDimensions(Vector2D center,float angle) { this.center.x = center.x; this.center.y = center.y; this.angle = angle; boundingRect.left = Math.min(Math.min(corner[0].x, corner[3].x), Math.min(corner[1].x, corner[2].x)); boundingRect.top = Math.min(Math.min(corner[0].y, corner[1].y),Math.min(corner[2].y, corner[3].y)); boundingRect.right = Math.max(Math.max(corner[1].x, corner[2].x), Math.max(corner[0].x, corner[3].x)); boundingRect.bottom = Math.max(Math.max(corner[2].y, corner[3].y),Math.max(corner[0].y, corner[1].y)); } public void set(RectF rect) { set(new Vector2D(rect.centerX(),rect.centerY()),rect.width(),rect.height(),0.0f); } // Returns true if other overlaps one dimension of this. private boolean overlaps1Way(OBB2D other) { for (int a = 0; a < axis.length; ++a) { double t = other.corner[0].dot(axis[a]); // Find the extent of box 2 on axis a double tMin = t; double tMax = t; for (int c = 1; c < corner.length; ++c) { t = other.corner[c].dot(axis[a]); if (t < tMin) { tMin = t; } else if (t > tMax) { tMax = t; } } // We have to subtract off the origin // See if [tMin, tMax] intersects [0, 1] if ((tMin > 1 + origin[a]) || (tMax < origin[a])) { // There was no intersection along this dimension; // the boxes cannot possibly overlap. return false; } } // There was no dimension along which there is no intersection. // Therefore the boxes overlap. return true; } //Updates the axes after the corners move. Assumes the //corners actually form a rectangle. private void computeAxes() { axis[0] = corner[1].subtract(corner[0]); axis[1] = corner[3].subtract(corner[0]); // Make the length of each axis 1/edge length so we know any // dot product must be less than 1 to fall within the edge. for (int a = 0; a < axis.length; ++a) { axis[a] = axis[a].divide((axis[a].length() * axis[a].length())); origin[a] = corner[0].dot(axis[a]); } } public void moveTo(Vector2D center) { Vector2D centroid = (corner[0].add(corner[1]).add(corner[2]).add(corner[3])).divide(4.0f); Vector2D translation = center.subtract(centroid); for (int c = 0; c < 4; ++c) { corner[c] = corner[c].add(translation); } computeAxes(); computeDimensions(center,angle); } // Returns true if the intersection of the boxes is non-empty. public boolean overlaps(OBB2D other) { if(right() < other.left()) { return false; } if(bottom() < other.top()) { return false; } if(left() > other.right()) { return false; } if(top() > other.bottom()) { return false; } if(other.getAngle() == 0.0f && getAngle() == 0.0f) { return true; } return overlaps1Way(other) && other.overlaps1Way(this); } public Vector2D getCenter() { return center; } public float getWidth() { return extents.x * 2; } public float getHeight() { return extents.y * 2; } public void setAngle(float angle) { set(center,getWidth(),getHeight(),angle); } public float getAngle() { return angle; } public void setSize(float w,float h) { set(center,w,h,angle); } public float left() { return boundingRect.left; } public float right() { return boundingRect.right; } public float bottom() { return boundingRect.bottom; } public float top() { return boundingRect.top; } public RectF getBoundingRect() { return boundingRect; } public boolean overlaps(float left, float top, float right, float bottom) { if(right() < left) { return false; } if(bottom() < top) { return false; } if(left() > right) { return false; } if(top() > bottom) { return false; } return true; } }; What I do is when I predict a hit on the car, I force it back. It does not work that well and seems like a bad idea. What could I do to have more proper collision resolution. Such that if I hit a wall I will never get stuck in it and if I hit the side of a wall I can steer my way out of it. Thanks I found this nice ppt. It talks about pulling objects apart and calculating new velocities. How could I calc new velocities in my case? http://www.google.ca/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CC8QFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcoitweb.uncc.edu%2F~tbarnes2%2FGameDesignFall05%2FSlides%2FCh4.2-CollDet.ppt&ei=x4ucULy5M6-N0QGRy4D4Cg&usg=AFQjCNG7FVDXWRdLv8_-T5qnFyYld53cTQ&cad=rja

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  • Declaring pointers; asterisk on the left or right of the space between the type and name?

    - by GenTiradentes
    I've seen mixed versions of this in a lot of code. (This applies to C and C++, by the way.) People seem to declare pointers in one of two ways, and I have no idea which one is correct, of if it even matters. The first way it to put the asterisk adjacent the type name, like so: someType* somePtr; The second way is to put the asterisk adjacent the name of the variable, like so: someType *somePtr; This has been driving me nuts for some time now. Is there any standard way of declaring pointers? Does it even matter how pointers are declared? I've used both declarations before, and I know that the compiler doesn't care which way it is. However, the fact that I've seen pointers declared in two different ways leads me to believe that there's a reason behind it. I'm curious if either method is more readable or logical in some way that I'm missing.

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  • How do I marshal a pointer to an array of pointers to structures?

    - by Daniel Stutzbach
    I have a C function with the following signature: int my_function(int n, struct player **players) players is a pointer to an array of pointers to struct player objects. n is the number of pointers in the array. The function does not modify the array nor the contents of the structures, and it does not retain any pointers after returning. I tried the following: [DllImport("mylibary.dll")] static extern int my_function(int n, [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray, SizeParamIndex = 0)] player_in []players); However, that marshals the data as a pointer to an array of structures, not a pointer to an array of pointers to structures.

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  • SQL SERVER – Puzzle Involving NULL – Resolve – Error – Operand data type void type is invalid for sum operator

    - by pinaldave
    Today is Monday let us start this week with interesting puzzle. Yesterday I had also posted quick question here: SQL SERVER – T-SQL Scripts to Find Maximum between Two Numbers Run following code: SELECT SUM(data) FROM (SELECT NULL AS DATA) t It will throw following error. Msg 8117, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 Operand data type void type is invalid for sum operator. I can easily fix if I use ISNULL Function as displayed following. SELECT SUM(data) FROM (SELECT ISNULL(NULL,0) AS DATA) t Above script will not throw an error. However, there is one more method how this can be fixed. Can you come up with another method which will not generate error? Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Puzzle, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLServer, T SQL, Technology

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  • Ingame menu is not working correctly

    - by Johnny
    The ingame menu opens when the player presses Escape during the main game. If the player presses Y in the ingame menu, the game switches to the main menu. Up to here, everything works. But: On the other hand, if the player presses N in the ingame menu, the game should switch back to the main game(should resume the main game). But that doesn't work. The game just rests in the ingame menu if the player presses N. I set a breakpoint in this line of the Ingamemenu class: KeyboardState kbState = Keyboard.GetState(); CurrentSate/currentGameState and LastState/lastGameState have the same state: IngamemenuState. But LastState/lastGameState should not have the same state than CurrentSate/currentGameState. What is wrong? Why is the ingame menu not working correctly? public class Game1 : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game { GraphicsDeviceManager graphics; SpriteBatch spriteBatch; IState lastState, currentState; public enum GameStates { IntroState = 0, MenuState = 1, MaingameState = 2, IngamemenuState = 3 } public void ChangeGameState(GameStates newState) { lastGameState = currentGameState; lastState = currentState; switch (newState) { case GameStates.IntroState: currentState = new Intro(this); currentGameState = GameStates.IntroState; break; case GameStates.MenuState: currentState = new Menu(this); currentGameState = GameStates.MenuState; break; case GameStates.MaingameState: currentState = new Maingame(this); currentGameState = GameStates.MaingameState; break; case GameStates.IngamemenuState: currentState = new Ingamemenu(this); currentGameState = GameStates.IngamemenuState; break; } currentState.Load(Content); } public void ChangeCurrentToLastGameState() { currentGameState = lastGameState; currentState = lastState; } public GameStates CurrentState { get { return currentGameState; } set { currentGameState = value; } } public GameStates LastState { get { return lastGameState; } set { lastGameState = value; } } private GameStates currentGameState = GameStates.IntroState; private GameStates lastGameState; public Game1() { graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this); Content.RootDirectory = "Content"; } protected override void Initialize() { ChangeGameState(GameStates.IntroState); base.Initialize(); } protected override void LoadContent() { spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); currentState.Load(Content); } protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { currentState.Update(gameTime); if ((lastGameState == GameStates.MaingameState) && (currentGameState == GameStates.IngamemenuState)) { lastState.Update(gameTime); } base.Update(gameTime); } protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); spriteBatch.Begin(); if ((lastGameState == GameStates.MaingameState) && (currentGameState == GameStates.IngamemenuState)) { lastState.Render(spriteBatch); } currentState.Render(spriteBatch); spriteBatch.End(); base.Draw(gameTime); } } public interface IState { void Load(ContentManager content); void Update(GameTime gametime); void Render(SpriteBatch batch); } public class Intro : IState { Texture2D Titelbildschirm; private Game1 game1; public Intro(Game1 game) { game1 = game; } public void Load(ContentManager content) { Titelbildschirm = content.Load<Texture2D>("gruft"); } public void Update(GameTime gametime) { KeyboardState kbState = Keyboard.GetState(); if (kbState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Space)) game1.ChangeGameState(Game1.GameStates.MenuState); } public void Render(SpriteBatch batch) { batch.Draw(Titelbildschirm, new Rectangle(0, 0, 1280, 720), Color.White); } } public class Menu:IState { Texture2D Choosescreen; private Game1 game1; public Menu(Game1 game) { game1 = game; } public void Load(ContentManager content) { Choosescreen = content.Load<Texture2D>("menubild"); } public void Update(GameTime gametime) { KeyboardState kbState = Keyboard.GetState(); if (kbState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Enter)) game1.ChangeGameState(Game1.GameStates.MaingameState); if (kbState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Escape)) game1.Exit(); } public void Render(SpriteBatch batch) { batch.Draw(Choosescreen, new Rectangle(0, 0, 1280, 720), Color.White); } } public class Maingame : IState { Texture2D Spielbildschirm, axe; Vector2 position = new Vector2(100,100); private Game1 game1; public Maingame(Game1 game) { game1 = game; } public void Load(ContentManager content) { Spielbildschirm = content.Load<Texture2D>("hauszombie"); axe = content.Load<Texture2D>("axxx"); } public void Update(GameTime gametime) { KeyboardState keyboardState = Keyboard.GetState(); float delta = (float)gametime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; position.X += 5 * delta; position.Y += 3 * delta; if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Escape)) game1.ChangeGameState(Game1.GameStates.IngamemenuState); } public void Render(SpriteBatch batch) { batch.Draw(Spielbildschirm, new Rectangle(0, 0, 1280, 720), Color.White); batch.Draw(axe, position, Color.White); } } public class Ingamemenu : IState { Texture2D Quitscreen; private Game1 game1; public Ingamemenu(Game1 game) { game1 = game; } public void Load(ContentManager content) { Quitscreen = content.Load<Texture2D>("quit"); } public void Update(GameTime gametime) { KeyboardState kbState = Keyboard.GetState(); if (kbState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Y)) game1.ChangeGameState(Game1.GameStates.MenuState); if (kbState.IsKeyDown(Keys.N)) game1.ChangeCurrentToLastGameState(); } public void Render(SpriteBatch batch) { batch.Draw(Quitscreen, new Rectangle(200, 200, 200, 200), Color.White); } }

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  • Java Simple Calculator

    - by Lahiru Kavinda
    I have made this calculator program in Java. This works well only when two numbers are calculated at one time. That means to get the sum of 1+2+3 you have to go this way : press 1 press + press 2 press = press + press 3 press = and it calculates it as 6. But I want to program this so that I can get the answer by: press 1 press + press 2 press + press 3 press = but this gives the answer 5!!! How to code this so that it works like an ordinary calculator? Here is my code: import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import javax.swing.*; public class cal1 extends JFrame { double op1 = 0d, op2 = 0d; double result = 0d; char action; boolean b = false; boolean pressequal = false; public cal1() { makeUI(); } private void makeUI() { setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); setSize(400, 400); b0 = new JButton("0"); b1 = new JButton("1"); b2 = new JButton("2"); b3 = new JButton("3"); b4 = new JButton("4"); b5 = new JButton("5"); b6 = new JButton("6"); b7 = new JButton("7"); b8 = new JButton("8"); b9 = new JButton("9"); bDot = new JButton("."); bMul = new JButton("*"); bDiv = new JButton("/"); bPlus = new JButton("+"); bMinus = new JButton("-"); bEq = new JButton("="); t = new JTextField(12); t.setFont(new Font("Tahoma", Font.PLAIN, 24)); t.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT); numpad = new JPanel(); display = new JPanel(); numpad.add(b7); numpad.add(b8); numpad.add(b9); numpad.add(bMul); numpad.add(b4); numpad.add(b5); numpad.add(b6); numpad.add(bDiv); numpad.add(b1); numpad.add(b2); numpad.add(b3); numpad.add(bMinus); numpad.add(bDot); numpad.add(b0); numpad.add(bEq); numpad.add(bPlus); numpad.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 5, 5, 4)); display.add(t); add(display, BorderLayout.NORTH); add(numpad, BorderLayout.CENTER); t.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() { @Override public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) { typeOnt(e); } }); b0.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b0pressed(e); } }); b1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b1pressed(e); } }); b2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b2pressed(e); } }); b3.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b3pressed(e); } }); b4.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b4pressed(e); } }); b5.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b5pressed(e); } }); b6.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b6pressed(e); } }); b7.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b7pressed(e); } }); b8.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b8pressed(e); } }); b9.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b9pressed(e); } }); bDot.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { bDotpressed(e); } }); bPlus.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { bPlusPressed(e); } }); bMinus.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { bMinusPressed(e); } }); bMul.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { bMulPressed(e); } }); bDiv.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { bDivPressed(e); } }); bEq.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { bEqpressed(e); } }); } void typeOnt(KeyEvent e) { e.consume(); } void b0pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "0"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "0"); } } void b1pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "1"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "1"); } } void b2pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "2"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "2"); } } void b3pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "3"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "3"); } } void b4pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "4"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "4"); } } void b5pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "5"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "5"); } } void b6pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "6"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "6"); } } void b7pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "7"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "7"); } } void b8pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "8"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "8"); } } void b9pressed(ActionEvent e) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "9"); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "9"); } } void bDotpressed(ActionEvent e) { if (!t.getText().contains(".")) { if (b) { t.setText(null); b = false; t.setText(t.getText() + "0."); } else if (t.getText().isEmpty()) { t.setText("0."); } else { t.setText(t.getText() + "."); } } } void bPlusPressed(ActionEvent e) { b = true; action = '+'; op1 = Double.parseDouble(t.getText()); } void bMinusPressed(ActionEvent e) { b = true; action = '-'; op1 = Double.parseDouble(t.getText()); } void bMulPressed(ActionEvent e) { b = true; action = '*'; op1 = Double.parseDouble(t.getText()); } void bDivPressed(ActionEvent e) { b = true; action = '/'; op1 = Double.parseDouble(t.getText()); } void bEqpressed(ActionEvent e) { op2 = Double.parseDouble(t.getText()); doCal(); } void doCal() { switch (action) { case '+': result = op1 + op2; break; case '-': result = op1 - op2; break; case '*': result = op1 * op2; break; case '/': result = op1 / op2; break; } t.setText(String.valueOf(result)); } public static void main(String[] args) { new cal1().setVisible(true); } JButton b0; JButton b1; JButton b2; JButton b3; JButton b4; JButton b5; JButton b6; JButton b7; JButton b8; JButton b9; JButton bDot; JButton bPlus; JButton bMinus; JButton bMul; JButton bDiv; JButton bEq; JPanel display; JPanel numpad; JTextField t; }

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  • C function prototype: void f(). Is it recommended?

    - by ycalleecharan
    Hi, I'm learning C and I saw in a book that a function prototype has the form void f() and in the function declaration or in the calling function, the f function takes arguments. Thus In the function declaration we have something like void f(long double y[], long double A) and in the calling function is f(y, A). The function is doing operations on the array y i.e. when the function is called, some elements in the array y are changing. A is just a constant numerical value that doesn't change. I have two questions: If defining the function prototype at the top in the program as void f() a good practice? Or is it better to put it as void f(long double y[], long double A) as in the function declaration? The called function f is changing elements in the array y. Is void the right return type? The program is working fine as such with the void as described. Or should I change all my "voids" to "long double". I'm working with long double as I need as much precision as possible though on my machine both double and long double gives me 15 precision digits. Thanks a lot

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  • Using a function with reference as a function with pointers?

    - by epatel
    Today I stumbled over a piece of code that looked horrifying to me. The pieces was chattered in different files, I have tried write the gist of it in a simple test case below. The code base is routinely scanned with FlexeLint on a daily basis, but this construct has been laying in the code since 2004. The thing is that a function implemented with a parameter passing using references is called as a function with a parameter passing using pointers...due to a function cast. The construct has worked since 2004 on Irix and now when porting it actually do work on Linux/gcc too. My question now. Is this a construct one can trust? I can understand if compiler constructors implement the reference passing as it was a pointer, but is it reliable? Are there hidden risks? Should I change the fref(..) to use pointers and risk braking anything in the process? What to you think? #include <iostream> using namespace std; // ---------------------------------------- // This will be passed as a reference in fref(..) struct string_struct { char str[256]; }; // ---------------------------------------- // Using pointer here! void fptr(const char *str) { cout << "fptr: " << str << endl; } // ---------------------------------------- // Using reference here! void fref(string_struct &str) { cout << "fref: " << str.str << endl; } // ---------------------------------------- // Cast to f(const char*) and call with pointer void ftest(void (*fin)()) { void (*fcall)(const char*) = (void(*)(const char*))fin; fcall("Hello!"); } // ---------------------------------------- // Let's go for a test int main() { ftest((void (*)())fptr); // test with fptr that's using pointer ftest((void (*)())fref); // test with fref that's using reference return 0; }

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  • functional, bind1st and mem_fun

    - by Neil G
    Why won't this compile? #include <functional> #include <boost/function.hpp> class A { A() { typedef boost::function<void ()> FunctionCall; FunctionCall f = std::bind1st(std::mem_fun(&A::process), this); } void process() {} }; Errors: In file included from /opt/local/include/gcc44/c++/bits/stl_function.h:712, from /opt/local/include/gcc44/c++/functional:50, from a.cc:1: /opt/local/include/gcc44/c++/backward/binders.h: In instantiation of 'std::binder1st<std::mem_fun_t<void, A> >': a.cc:7: instantiated from here /opt/local/include/gcc44/c++/backward/binders.h:100: error: no type named 'second_argument_type' in 'class std::mem_fun_t<void, A>' /opt/local/include/gcc44/c++/backward/binders.h:103: error: no type named 'first_argument_type' in 'class std::mem_fun_t<void, A>' /opt/local/include/gcc44/c++/backward/binders.h:106: error: no type named 'first_argument_type' in 'class std::mem_fun_t<void, A>' /opt/local/include/gcc44/c++/backward/binders.h:111: error: no type named 'second_argument_type' in 'class std::mem_fun_t<void, A>' /opt/local/include/gcc44/c++/backward/binders.h:117: error: no type named 'second_argument_type' in 'class std::mem_fun_t<void, A>' /opt/local/include/gcc44/c++/backward/binders.h: In function 'std::binder1st<_Operation> std::bind1st(const _Operation&, const _Tp&) [with _Operation = std::mem_fun_t<void, A>, _Tp = A*]': a.cc:7: instantiated from here /opt/local/include/gcc44/c++/backward/binders.h:126: error: no type named 'first_argument_type' in 'class std::mem_fun_t<void, A>' In file included from /opt/local/include/boost/function/detail/maybe_include.hpp:13, from /opt/local/include/boost/function/detail/function_iterate.hpp:14, from /opt/local/include/boost/preprocessor/iteration/detail/iter/forward1.hpp:47, from /opt/local/include/boost/function.hpp:64, from a.cc:2: /opt/local/include/boost/function/function_template.hpp: In static member function 'static void boost::detail::function::void_function_obj_invoker0<FunctionObj, R>::invoke(boost::detail::function::function_buffer&) [with FunctionObj = std::binder1st<std::mem_fun_t<void, A> >, R = void]': /opt/local/include/boost/function/function_template.hpp:913: instantiated from 'void boost::function0<R>::assign_to(Functor) [with Functor = std::binder1st<std::mem_fun_t<void, A> >, R = void]' /opt/local/include/boost/function/function_template.hpp:722: instantiated from 'boost::function0<R>::function0(Functor, typename boost::enable_if_c<boost::type_traits::ice_not::value, int>::type) [with Functor = std::binder1st<std::mem_fun_t<void, A> >, R = void]' /opt/local/include/boost/function/function_template.hpp:1064: instantiated from 'boost::function<R()>::function(Functor, typename boost::enable_if_c<boost::type_traits::ice_not::value, int>::type) [with Functor = std::binder1st<std::mem_fun_t<void, A> >, R = void]' a.cc:7: instantiated from here /opt/local/include/boost/function/function_template.hpp:153: error: no match for call to '(std::binder1st<std::mem_fun_t<void, A> >) ()'

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  • Does Ctypes Structures and POINTERS automatically free the memory when the Python object is deleted?

    - by jsbueno
    When using Python CTypes there are the Structures, that allow you to clone c-structures on the Python side, and the POINTERS objects that create a sofisticated Python Object from a memory address value and can be used to pass objects by reference back and forth C code. What I could not find on the documentation or elsewhere is what happens when a Python object containing a Structure class that was de-referenced from a returning pointer from C Code (that is - the C function alocated memory for the structure) is itself deleted. Is the memory for the original C structure freed? If not how to do it? Furthermore -- what if the Structure contains Pointers itself, to other data that was also allocated by the C function? Does the deletion of the Structure object frees the Pointers onits members? (I doubt so) Else - -how to do it? Trying to call the system "free" from Python for the Pointers in the Structure is crashing Python for me. In other words, I have this structure filled up by a c Function call: class PIX(ctypes.Structure): """Comments not generated """ _fields_ = [ ("w", ctypes.c_uint32), ("h", ctypes.c_uint32), ("d", ctypes.c_uint32), ("wpl", ctypes.c_uint32), ("refcount", ctypes.c_uint32), ("xres", ctypes.c_uint32), ("yres", ctypes.c_uint32), ("informat", ctypes.c_int32), ("text", ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_char)), ("colormap", ctypes.POINTER(PIXCOLORMAP)), ("data", ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint32)) ] And I want to free the memory it is using up from Python code.

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  • Jdbc - Connect remote Mysql Database error

    - by Guilherme Ruiz
    I'm using JDBC to connect my program to a MySQL database. I already put the port number and yes, my database have permission to access. When i use localhost work perfectly, but when i try connect to a remote MySQL database, show this error on console. java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError Caused by: java.lang.NumberFormatException: null at java.lang.Integer.parseInt(Integer.java:454) at java.lang.Integer.parseInt(Integer.java:527) at serial.BDArduino.<clinit>(BDArduino.java:25) Exception in thread "main" Java Result: 1 CONSTRUÍDO COM SUCESSO (tempo total: 1 segundo) Thank you in Advance ! MAIN CODE /* * To change this template, choose Tools | Templates * and open the template in the editor. */ package serial; import gnu.io.CommPort; import gnu.io.CommPortIdentifier; import gnu.io.SerialPort; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JOptionPane; /** * * @author Ruiz */ public class BDArduino extends JFrame { static boolean connected = false; static int aux_sql8 = Integer.parseInt(Sql.getDBinfo("SELECT * FROM arduinoData WHERE id=1", "pin8")); static int aux_sql2 = Integer.parseInt(Sql.getDBinfo("SELECT * FROM arduinoData WHERE id=1", "pin2")); CommPort commPort = null; SerialPort serialPort = null; InputStream inputStream = null; static OutputStream outputStream = null; String comPortNum = "COM10"; int baudRate = 9600; int[] intArray = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13}; /** * Creates new form ArduinoTest */ public BDArduino() { //super("Arduino Test App"); initComponents(); } class Escrita extends Thread { private int i; public void run() { while (true) { System.out.println("Número :" + i++); } } } //public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { // String arg = e.getActionCommand(); public static void writeData(int a) throws IOException { outputStream.write(a); } public void action(String arg) { System.out.println(arg); Object[] msg = {"Baud Rate: ", "9600", "COM Port #: ", "COM10"}; if (arg == "connect") { if (connected == false) { new BDArduino.ConnectionMaker().start(); } else { closeConnection(); } } if (arg == "disconnect") { serialPort.close(); closeConnection(); } if (arg == "p2") { System.out.print("Pin #2\n"); try { outputStream.write(intArray[0]); }//end try catch (IOException e12) { e12.printStackTrace(); System.exit(-1); }//end catch } if (arg == "p3") { System.out.print("Pin #3\n"); try { outputStream.write(intArray[1]); }//end try catch (IOException e12) { e12.printStackTrace(); System.exit(-1); }//end catch } if (arg == "p4") { System.out.print("Pin #4\n"); try { outputStream.write(intArray[2]); }//end try catch (IOException e12) { e12.printStackTrace(); System.exit(-1); }//end catch } if (arg == "p5") { System.out.print("Pin #5\n"); try { outputStream.write(intArray[3]); }//end try catch (IOException e12) { e12.printStackTrace(); System.exit(-1); }//end catch } if (arg == "p6") { System.out.print("Pin #6\n"); try { outputStream.write(intArray[4]); }//end try catch (IOException e12) { e12.printStackTrace(); System.exit(-1); }//end catch } if (arg == "p7") { System.out.print("Pin #7\n"); try { outputStream.write(intArray[5]); }//end try catch (IOException e12) { e12.printStackTrace(); System.exit(-1); }//end catch } if (arg == "p8") { System.out.print("Pin #8\n"); try { outputStream.write(intArray[6]); }//end try catch (IOException e12) { e12.printStackTrace(); System.exit(-1); }//end catch } if (arg == "p9") { System.out.print("Pin #9\n"); try { outputStream.write(intArray[7]); }//end try catch (IOException e12) { e12.printStackTrace(); System.exit(-1); }//end catch } if (arg == "p10") { System.out.print("Pin #10\n"); try { outputStream.write(intArray[8]); }//end try catch (IOException e12) { e12.printStackTrace(); System.exit(-1); }//end catch } if (arg == "p11") { System.out.print("Pin #11\n"); try { outputStream.write(intArray[9]); }//end try catch (IOException e12) { e12.printStackTrace(); System.exit(-1); }//end catch } if (arg == "p12") { System.out.print("Pin #12\n"); try { outputStream.write(intArray[10]); }//end try catch (IOException e12) { e12.printStackTrace(); System.exit(-1); }//end catch } if (arg == "p13") { System.out.print("Pin #12\n"); try { outputStream.write(intArray[11]); }//end try catch (IOException e12) { e12.printStackTrace(); System.exit(-1); }//end catch } } //******************************************************* //Arduino Connection *************************************** //****************************************************** void closeConnection() { try { outputStream.close(); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); String cantCloseConnectionMessage = "Can't Close Connection!"; JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, cantCloseConnectionMessage, "ERROR", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); } connected = false; System.out.print("\nDesconectado\n"); String disconnectedConnectionMessage = "Desconectado!"; JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, disconnectedConnectionMessage, "Desconectado", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE); }//end closeConnection() void connect() throws Exception { String portName = comPortNum; CommPortIdentifier portIdentifier = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifier(portName); if (portIdentifier.isCurrentlyOwned()) { System.out.println("Error: Port is currently in use"); String portInUseConnectionMessage = "Port is currently in use!\nTry Again Later..."; JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, portInUseConnectionMessage, "ERROR", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); } else { commPort = portIdentifier.open(this.getClass().getName(), 2000); if (commPort instanceof SerialPort) { serialPort = (SerialPort) commPort; serialPort.setSerialPortParams(baudRate, SerialPort.DATABITS_8, SerialPort.STOPBITS_1, SerialPort.PARITY_NONE); outputStream = serialPort.getOutputStream(); } else { System.out.println("Error: Only serial ports are handled "); String onlySerialConnectionMessage = "Serial Ports ONLY!"; JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, onlySerialConnectionMessage, "ERROR", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); } }//end else //wait some time try { Thread.sleep(300); } catch (InterruptedException ie) { } }//end connect //******************************************************* //*innerclasses****************************************** //******************************************************* public class ConnectionMaker extends Thread { public void run() { //try to make a connection try { connect(); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); System.out.print("ERROR: Cannot connect!"); String cantConnectConnectionMessage = "Cannot Connect!\nCheck the connection settings\nand/or your configuration\nand try again!"; JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, cantConnectConnectionMessage, "ERROR", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); } //show status serialPort.notifyOnDataAvailable(true); connected = true; //send ack System.out.print("\nConnected\n"); String connectedConnectionMessage = "Conectado!"; JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, connectedConnectionMessage, "Conectado", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE); }//end run }//end ConnectionMaker /** * This method is called from within the constructor to initialize the form. * WARNING: Do NOT modify this code. The content of this method is always * regenerated by the Form Editor. */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="Generated Code"> private void initComponents() { btnp2 = new javax.swing.JButton(); btncon = new javax.swing.JButton(); btndesc = new javax.swing.JButton(); btnp3 = new javax.swing.JButton(); btnp4 = new javax.swing.JButton(); btnp5 = new javax.swing.JButton(); btnp9 = new javax.swing.JButton(); btnp6 = new javax.swing.JButton(); btnp7 = new javax.swing.JButton(); btnp8 = new javax.swing.JButton(); btn13 = new javax.swing.JButton(); btnp10 = new javax.swing.JButton(); btnp11 = new javax.swing.JButton(); btnp12 = new javax.swing.JButton(); setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); btnp2.setText("2"); btnp2.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() { public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { btnp2MouseClicked(evt); } }); btncon.setText("Conectar"); btncon.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() { public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { btnconMouseClicked(evt); } }); btndesc.setText("Desconectar"); btndesc.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() { public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { btndescMouseClicked(evt); } }); btnp3.setText("3"); btnp3.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() { public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { btnp3MouseClicked(evt); } }); btnp4.setText("4"); btnp4.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() { public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { btnp4MouseClicked(evt); } }); btnp5.setText("5"); btnp5.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() { public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { btnp5MouseClicked(evt); } }); btnp9.setText("9"); btnp9.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() { public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { btnp9MouseClicked(evt); } }); btnp6.setText("6"); btnp6.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() { public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { btnp6MouseClicked(evt); } }); btnp7.setText("7"); btnp7.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() { public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { btnp7MouseClicked(evt); } }); btnp8.setText("8"); btnp8.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() { public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { btnp8MouseClicked(evt); } }); btn13.setText("13"); btn13.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() { public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { btn13MouseClicked(evt); } }); btnp10.setText("10"); btnp10.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() { public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { btnp10MouseClicked(evt); } }); btnp11.setText("11"); btnp11.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() { public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { btnp11MouseClicked(evt); } }); btnp12.setText("12"); btnp12.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() { public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { btnp12MouseClicked(evt); } }); javax.swing.GroupLayout layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(getContentPane()); getContentPane().setLayout(layout); layout.setHorizontalGroup( layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup() .addGap(20, 20, 20) .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING, false) .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup() .addComponent(btncon) .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE) .addComponent(btndesc)) .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup() .addComponent(btnp6, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 50, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE) .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED) .addComponent(btnp7, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 50, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE) .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED) .addComponent(btnp8, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 50, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE) .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED) .addComponent(btnp9, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 50, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)) .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup() .addComponent(btnp10, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 50, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE) .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED) .addComponent(btnp11, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 50, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE) .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED) .addComponent(btnp12, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 50, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE) .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED) .addComponent(btn13, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 50, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)) .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup() .addComponent(btnp2, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 50, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE) .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED) .addComponent(btnp3, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 50, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE) .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED) .addComponent(btnp4, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 50, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE) .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED) .addComponent(btnp5, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 50, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE))) .addContainerGap(20, Short.MAX_VALUE)) ); layout.setVerticalGroup( layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup() .addContainerGap() .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.BASELINE) .addComponent(btncon) .addComponent(btndesc)) .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED, 20, Short.MAX_VALUE) .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addComponent(btnp2) .addComponent(btnp3) .addComponent(btnp4) .addComponent(btnp5)) .addGap(18, 18, 18) .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addComponent(btnp6) .addComponent(btnp7) .addComponent(btnp8) .addComponent(btnp9)) .addGap(18, 18, 18) .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addComponent(btnp10) .addComponent(btnp11) .addComponent(btnp12) .addComponent(btn13)) .addGap(22, 22, 22)) ); pack(); }// </editor-fold> private void btnp2MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { // TODO add your handling code here: action("p2"); } private void btnconMouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { // TODO add your handling code here: action("connect"); } private void btndescMouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { // TODO add your handling code here: action("disconnect"); } private void btnp3MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { // TODO add your handling code here: action("p3"); } private void btnp4MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { // TODO add your handling code here: action("p4"); } private void btnp5MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { // TODO add your handling code here action("p5"); } private void btnp9MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { // TODO add your handling code here: action("p9"); } private void btnp6MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { // TODO add your handling code here: action("p6"); } private void btnp7MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { // TODO add your handling code here: action("p7"); } private void btnp8MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { // TODO add your handling code here: action("p8"); } private void btn13MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { // TODO add your handling code here: action("p13"); } private void btnp10MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { // TODO add your handling code here: action("p10"); } private void btnp11MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { // TODO add your handling code here: action("p11"); } private void btnp12MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) { // TODO add your handling code here: action("p12"); } /** * @param args the command line arguments */ public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException { /* Set the Nimbus look and feel */ //<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc=" Look and feel setting code (optional) "> /* If Nimbus (introduced in Java SE 6) is not available, stay with the default look and feel. * For details see http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/uiswing/lookandfeel/plaf.html */ try { for (javax.swing.UIManager.LookAndFeelInfo info : javax.swing.UIManager.getInstalledLookAndFeels()) { if ("Nimbus".equals(info.getName())) { javax.swing.UIManager.setLookAndFeel(info.getClassName()); break; } } } catch (Exception e) { } //</editor-fold> /* Create and display the form */ java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() { public void run() { new BDArduino().setVisible(true); } }); //} while (true) { // int sql8 = Integer.parseInt(Sql.getDBinfo("SELECT * FROM arduinoData WHERE id=1", "pin8")); if (connected == true && sql8 != aux_sql8) { aux_sql8 = sql8; if(sql8 == 1){ writeData(2); }else{ writeData(3); } } int sql2 = Integer.parseInt(Sql.getDBinfo("SELECT * FROM arduinoData WHERE id=1", "pin2")); if (connected == true && sql2 != aux_sql2) { aux_sql2 = sql2; if(sql2 == 1){ writeData(4); }else{ writeData(5); } } try { Thread.sleep(500); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } // Variables declaration - do not modify private javax.swing.JButton btn13; private javax.swing.JButton btncon; private javax.swing.JButton btndesc; private javax.swing.JButton btnp10; private javax.swing.JButton btnp11; private javax.swing.JButton btnp12; private javax.swing.JButton btnp2; private javax.swing.JButton btnp3; private javax.swing.JButton btnp4; private javax.swing.JButton btnp5; private javax.swing.JButton btnp6; private javax.swing.JButton btnp7; private javax.swing.JButton btnp8; private javax.swing.JButton btnp9; // End of variables declaration }

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  • Converting 2D Physics to 3D.

    - by static void main
    I'm new to game physics and I am trying to adapt a simple 2D ball simulation for a 3D simulation with the Java3D library. I have this problem: Two things: 1) I noted down the values generated by the engine: X/Y are too high and minX/minY/maxY/maxX values are causing trouble. Sometimes the balls are drawing but not moving Sometimes they are going out of the panel Sometimes they're moving on little area Sometimes they just stick at one place... 2) I'm unable to select/define/set the default correct/suitable values considering the 3D graphics scaling/resolution while they are set with respect to 2D screen coordinates, that is my only problem. Please help. This is the code: public class Ball extends GameObject { private float x, y; // Ball's center (x, y) private float speedX, speedY; // Ball's speed per step in x and y private float radius; // Ball's radius // Collision detected by collision detection and response algorithm? boolean collisionDetected = false; // If collision detected, the next state of the ball. // Otherwise, meaningless. private float nextX, nextY; private float nextSpeedX, nextSpeedY; private static final float BOX_WIDTH = 640; private static final float BOX_HEIGHT = 480; /** * Constructor The velocity is specified in polar coordinates of speed and * moveAngle (for user friendliness), in Graphics coordinates with an * inverted y-axis. */ public Ball(String name1,float x, float y, float radius, float speed, float angleInDegree, Color color) { this.x = x; this.y = y; // Convert velocity from polar to rectangular x and y. this.speedX = speed * (float) Math.cos(Math.toRadians(angleInDegree)); this.speedY = speed * (float) Math.sin(Math.toRadians(angleInDegree)); this.radius = radius; } public void move() { if (collisionDetected) { // Collision detected, use the values computed. x = nextX; y = nextY; speedX = nextSpeedX; speedY = nextSpeedY; } else { // No collision, move one step and no change in speed. x += speedX; y += speedY; } collisionDetected = false; // Clear the flag for the next step } public void collideWith() { // Get the ball's bounds, offset by the radius of the ball float minX = 0.0f + radius; float minY = 0.0f + radius; float maxX = 0.0f + BOX_WIDTH - 1.0f - radius; float maxY = 0.0f + BOX_HEIGHT - 1.0f - radius; double gravAmount = 0.9811111f; double gravDir = (90 / 57.2960285258); // Try moving one full step nextX = x + speedX; nextY = y + speedY; System.out.println("In serializedBall in collision."); // If collision detected. Reflect on the x or/and y axis // and place the ball at the point of impact. if (speedX != 0) { if (nextX > maxX) { // Check maximum-X bound collisionDetected = true; nextSpeedX = -speedX; // Reflect nextSpeedY = speedY; // Same nextX = maxX; nextY = (maxX - x) * speedY / speedX + y; // speedX non-zero } else if (nextX < minX) { // Check minimum-X bound collisionDetected = true; nextSpeedX = -speedX; // Reflect nextSpeedY = speedY; // Same nextX = minX; nextY = (minX - x) * speedY / speedX + y; // speedX non-zero } } // In case the ball runs over both the borders. if (speedY != 0) { if (nextY > maxY) { // Check maximum-Y bound collisionDetected = true; nextSpeedX = speedX; // Same nextSpeedY = -speedY; // Reflect nextY = maxY; nextX = (maxY - y) * speedX / speedY + x; // speedY non-zero } else if (nextY < minY) { // Check minimum-Y bound collisionDetected = true; nextSpeedX = speedX; // Same nextSpeedY = -speedY; // Reflect nextY = minY; nextX = (minY - y) * speedX / speedY + x; // speedY non-zero } } speedX += Math.cos(gravDir) * gravAmount; speedY += Math.sin(gravDir) * gravAmount; } public float getSpeed() { return (float) Math.sqrt(speedX * speedX + speedY * speedY); } public float getMoveAngle() { return (float) Math.toDegrees(Math.atan2(speedY, speedX)); } public float getRadius() { return radius; } public float getX() { return x; } public float getY() { return y; } public void setX(float f) { x = f; } public void setY(float f) { y = f; } } Here's how I'm drawing the balls: public class 3DMovingBodies extends Applet implements Runnable { private static final int BOX_WIDTH = 800; private static final int BOX_HEIGHT = 600; private int currentNumBalls = 1; // number currently active private volatile boolean playing; private long mFrameDelay; private JFrame frame; private int currentFrameRate; private Ball[] ball = new Ball[currentNumBalls]; private Random rand; private Sphere[] sphere = new Sphere[currentNumBalls]; private Transform3D[] trans = new Transform3D[currentNumBalls]; private TransformGroup[] objTrans = new TransformGroup[currentNumBalls]; public 3DMovingBodies() { rand = new Random(); float angleInDegree = rand.nextInt(360); setLayout(new BorderLayout()); GraphicsConfiguration config = SimpleUniverse .getPreferredConfiguration(); Canvas3D c = new Canvas3D(config); add("Center", c); ball[0] = new Ball(0.5f, 0.0f, 0.5f, 0.4f, angleInDegree, Color.yellow); // ball[1] = new Ball(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.25f, 0.8f, angleInDegree, // Color.yellow); // ball[2] = new Ball(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.15f, 0.11f, angleInDegree, // Color.yellow); trans[0] = new Transform3D(); // trans[1] = new Transform3D(); // trans[2] = new Transform3D(); sphere[0] = new Sphere(0.5f); // sphere[1] = new Sphere(0.25f); // sphere[2] = new Sphere(0.15f); // Create a simple scene and attach it to the virtual universe BranchGroup scene = createSceneGraph(); SimpleUniverse u = new SimpleUniverse(c); u.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform(); u.addBranchGraph(scene); startSimulation(); } public BranchGroup createSceneGraph() { // Create the root of the branch graph BranchGroup objRoot = new BranchGroup(); for (int i = 0; i < currentNumBalls; i++) { // Create a simple shape leaf node, add it to the scene graph. objTrans[i] = new TransformGroup(); objTrans[i].setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE); Transform3D pos1 = new Transform3D(); pos1.setTranslation(randomPos()); objTrans[i].setTransform(pos1); objTrans[i].addChild(sphere[i]); objRoot.addChild(objTrans[i]); } BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), 100.0); Color3f light1Color = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.2f); Vector3f light1Direction = new Vector3f(4.0f, -7.0f, -12.0f); DirectionalLight light1 = new DirectionalLight(light1Color, light1Direction); light1.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); objRoot.addChild(light1); // Set up the ambient light Color3f ambientColor = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); AmbientLight ambientLightNode = new AmbientLight(ambientColor); ambientLightNode.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); objRoot.addChild(ambientLightNode); return objRoot; } public void startSimulation() { playing = true; Thread t = new Thread(this); t.start(); } public void stop() { playing = false; } public void run() { long previousTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); long currentTime = previousTime; long elapsedTime; long totalElapsedTime = 0; int frameCount = 0; while (true) { currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); elapsedTime = (currentTime - previousTime); // elapsed time in // seconds totalElapsedTime += elapsedTime; if (totalElapsedTime > 1000) { currentFrameRate = frameCount; frameCount = 0; totalElapsedTime = 0; } for (int i = 0; i < currentNumBalls; i++) { ball[i].move(); ball[i].collideWith(); drawworld(); } try { Thread.sleep(88); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } previousTime = currentTime; frameCount++; } } public void drawworld() { for (int i = 0; i < currentNumBalls; i++) { printTG(objTrans[i], "SteerTG"); trans[i].setTranslation(new Vector3f(ball[i].getX(), ball[i].getY(), 0.0f)); objTrans[i].setTransform(trans[i]); } } private Vector3f randomPos() /* * Return a random position vector. The numbers are hardwired to be within * the confines of the box. */ { Vector3f pos = new Vector3f(); pos.x = rand.nextFloat() * 5.0f - 2.5f; // -2.5 to 2.5 pos.y = rand.nextFloat() * 2.0f + 0.5f; // 0.5 to 2.5 pos.z = rand.nextFloat() * 5.0f - 2.5f; // -2.5 to 2.5 return pos; } // end of randomPos() public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("Program Started"); 3DMovingBodiesbb = new 3DMovingBodies(); bb.addKeyListener(bb); MainFrame mf = new MainFrame(bb, 600, 400); } }

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  • What wording in the C++ standard allows static_cast<non-void-type*>(malloc(N)); to work?

    - by ben
    As far as I understand the wording in 5.2.9 Static cast, the only time the result of a void*-to-object-pointer conversion is allowed is when the void* was a result of the inverse conversion in the first place. Throughout the standard there is a bunch of references to the representation of a pointer, and the representation of a void pointer being the same as that of a char pointer, and so on, but it never seems to explicitly say that casting an arbitrary void pointer yields a pointer to the same location in memory, with a different type, much like type-punning is undefined where not punning back to an object's actual type. So while malloc clearly returns the address of suitable memory and so on, there does not seem to be any way to actually make use of it, portably, as far as I have seen.

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  • Casting/dereferencing member variable pointer from void*, is this safe?

    - by Damien
    Hi all, I had a problem while hacking a bigger project so I made a simpel test case. If I'm not omitting something, my test code works fine, but maybe it works accidentally so I wanted to show it to you and ask if there are any pitfalls in this approach. I have an OutObj which has a member variable (pointer) InObj. InObj has a member function. I send the address of this member variable object (InObj) to a callback function as void*. The type of this object never changes so inside the callback I recast to its original type and call the aFunc member function in it. In this exampel it works as expected, but in the project I'm working on it doesn't. So I might be omitting something or maybe there is a pitfall here and this works accidentally. Any comments? Thanks a lot in advance. (The problem I have in my original code is that InObj.data is garbage). #include <stdio.h> class InObj { public: int data; InObj(int argData); void aFunc() { printf("Inside aFunc! data is: %d\n", data); }; }; InObj::InObj(int argData) { data = argData; } class OutObj { public: InObj* objPtr; OutObj(int data); ~OutObj(); }; OutObj::OutObj(int data) { objPtr = new InObj(data); } OutObj::~OutObj() { delete objPtr; } void callback(void* context) { ((InObj*)context)->aFunc(); } int main () { OutObj a(42); callback((void*)a.objPtr); }

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  • Creating a new instance, C#

    - by Dave Voyles
    This sounds like a very n00b question, but bear with me here: I'm trying to access the position of my bat (paddle) in my pong game and use it in my ball class. I'm doing this because I want a particle effect to go off at the point of contact where the ball hits the bat. Each time the ball hits the bat, I receive an error stating that I haven't created an instance of the bat. I understand that I have to (or can use a static class), but I'm not sure of how to do so in this example. I've included both my Bat and Ball classes. namespace Pong { #region Using Statements using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; #endregion public class Ball { #region Fields private readonly Random rand; private readonly Texture2D texture; private readonly SoundEffect warp; private double direction; private bool isVisible; private float moveSpeed; private Vector2 position; private Vector2 resetPos; private Rectangle size; private float speed; private bool isResetting; private bool collided; private Vector2 oldPos; private ParticleEngine particleEngine; private ContentManager contentManager; private SpriteBatch spriteBatch; private bool hasHitBat; private AIBat aiBat; private Bat bat; #endregion #region Constructors and Destructors /// <summary> /// Constructor for the ball /// </summary> public Ball(ContentManager contentManager, Vector2 ScreenSize) { moveSpeed = 15f; speed = 0; texture = contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/balls/redBall"); direction = 0; size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width, texture.Height); resetPos = new Vector2(ScreenSize.X / 2, ScreenSize.Y / 2); position = resetPos; rand = new Random(); isVisible = true; hasHitBat = false; // Everything to do with particles List<Texture2D> textures = new List<Texture2D>(); textures.Add(contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/particle/circle")); textures.Add(contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/particle/star")); textures.Add(contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/particle/diamond")); particleEngine = new ParticleEngine(textures, new Vector2()); } #endregion #region Public Methods and Operators /// <summary> /// Checks for the collision between the bat and the ball. Sends ball in the appropriate /// direction /// </summary> public void BatHit(int block) { if (direction > Math.PI * 1.5f || direction < Math.PI * 0.5f) { hasHitBat = true; particleEngine.EmitterLocation = new Vector2(aiBat.Position.X, aiBat.Position.Y); switch (block) { case 1: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(200); break; case 2: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(195); break; case 3: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(180); break; case 4: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(180); break; case 5: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(165); break; } } else { hasHitBat = true; particleEngine.EmitterLocation = new Vector2(bat.Position.X, bat.Position.Y); switch (block) { case 1: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(310); break; case 2: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(345); break; case 3: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(0); break; case 4: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(15); break; case 5: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(50); break; } } if (rand.Next(2) == 0) { direction += MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(3)); } else { direction -= MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(3)); } AudioManager.Instance.PlaySoundEffect("hit"); } /// <summary> /// JEP - added method to slow down ball after powerup deactivates /// </summary> public void DecreaseSpeed() { moveSpeed -= 0.6f; } /// <summary> /// Draws the ball on the screen /// </summary> public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { if (isVisible) { spriteBatch.Begin(); spriteBatch.Draw(texture, size, Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); // Draws sprites for particles when contact is made particleEngine.Draw(spriteBatch); } } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current direction of the ball /// </summary> public double GetDirection() { return direction; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current position of the ball /// </summary> public Vector2 GetPosition() { return position; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current size of the ball (for the powerups) /// </summary> public Rectangle GetSize() { return size; } /// <summary> /// Grows the size of the ball when the GrowBall powerup is used. /// </summary> public void GrowBall() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width * 2, texture.Height * 2); } /// <summary> /// Was used to increased the speed of the ball after each point is scored. /// No longer used, but am considering implementing again. /// </summary> public void IncreaseSpeed() { moveSpeed += 0.6f; } /// <summary> /// Check for the ball to return normal size after the Powerup has expired /// </summary> public void NormalBallSize() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width, texture.Height); } /// <summary> /// Check for the ball to return normal speed after the Powerup has expired /// </summary> public void NormalSpeed() { moveSpeed += 15f; } /// <summary> /// Checks to see if ball went out of bounds, and triggers warp sfx /// </summary> public void OutOfBounds() { // Checks if the player is still alive or not if (isResetting) { AudioManager.Instance.PlaySoundEffect("warp"); { // Used to stop the the issue where the ball hit sfx kept going off when detecting collison isResetting = false; AudioManager.Instance.Dispose(); } } } /// <summary> /// Speed for the ball when Speedball powerup is activated /// </summary> public void PowerupSpeed() { moveSpeed += 20.0f; } /// <summary> /// Check for where to reset the ball after each point is scored /// </summary> public void Reset(bool left) { if (left) { direction = 0; } else { direction = Math.PI; } // Used to stop the the issue where the ball hit sfx kept going off when detecting collison isResetting = true; position = resetPos; // Resets the ball to the center of the screen isVisible = true; speed = 15f; // Returns the ball back to the default speed, in case the speedBall was active if (rand.Next(2) == 0) { direction += MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(30)); } else { direction -= MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(30)); } } /// <summary> /// Shrinks the ball when the ShrinkBall powerup is activated /// </summary> public void ShrinkBall() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width / 2, texture.Height / 2); } /// <summary> /// Stops the ball each time it is reset. Ex: Between points / rounds /// </summary> public void Stop() { isVisible = true; speed = 0; } /// <summary> /// Updates position of the ball /// </summary> public void UpdatePosition() { size.X = (int)position.X; size.Y = (int)position.Y; oldPos.X = position.X; oldPos.Y = position.Y; position.X += speed * (float)Math.Cos(direction); position.Y += speed * (float)Math.Sin(direction); bool collided = CheckWallHit(); particleEngine.Update(); // Stops the issue where ball was oscillating on the ceiling or floor if (collided) { position.X = oldPos.X + speed * (float)Math.Cos(direction); position.Y = oldPos.Y + speed * (float)Math.Sin(direction); } } #endregion #region Methods /// <summary> /// Checks for collision with the ceiling or floor. 2*Math.pi = 360 degrees /// </summary> private bool CheckWallHit() { while (direction > 2 * Math.PI) { direction -= 2 * Math.PI; return true; } while (direction < 0) { direction += 2 * Math.PI; return true; } if (position.Y <= 0 || (position.Y > resetPos.Y * 2 - size.Height)) { direction = 2 * Math.PI - direction; return true; } return true; } #endregion } } namespace Pong { using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using System; public class Bat { public Vector2 Position; public float moveSpeed; public Rectangle size; private int points; private int yHeight; private Texture2D leftBat; public float turbo; public float recharge; public float interval; public bool isTurbo; /// <summary> /// Constructor for the bat /// </summary> public Bat(ContentManager contentManager, Vector2 screenSize, bool side) { moveSpeed = 7f; turbo = 15f; recharge = 100f; points = 0; interval = 5f; leftBat = contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/bats/batGrey"); size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width, leftBat.Height); // True means left bat, false means right bat. if (side) Position = new Vector2(30, screenSize.Y / 2 - size.Height / 2); else Position = new Vector2(screenSize.X - 30, screenSize.Y / 2 - size.Height / 2); yHeight = (int)screenSize.Y; } public void IncreaseSpeed() { moveSpeed += .5f; } /// <summary> /// The speed of the bat when Turbo is activated /// </summary> public void Turbo() { moveSpeed += 8.0f; } /// <summary> /// Returns the speed of the bat back to normal after Turbo is deactivated /// </summary> public void DisableTurbo() { moveSpeed = 7.0f; isTurbo = false; } /// <summary> /// Returns the bat to the nrmal size after the Grow/Shrink powerup has expired /// </summary> public void NormalSize() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width, leftBat.Height); } /// <summary> /// Checks for the size of the bat /// </summary> public Rectangle GetSize() { return size; } /// <summary> /// Adds point to the player or the AI after scoring. Currently Disabled. /// </summary> public void IncrementPoints() { points++; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the number of points at the moment /// </summary> public int GetPoints() { return points; } /// <summary> /// Sets thedefault starting position for the bats /// </summary> /// <param name="position"></param> public void SetPosition(Vector2 position) { if (position.Y < 0) { position.Y = 0; } if (position.Y > yHeight - size.Height) { position.Y = yHeight - size.Height; } this.Position = position; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current position of the bat /// </summary> public Vector2 GetPosition() { return Position; } /// <summary> /// Controls the bat moving up the screen /// </summary> public void MoveUp() { SetPosition(Position + new Vector2(0, -moveSpeed)); } /// <summary> /// Controls the bat moving down the screen /// </summary> public void MoveDown() { SetPosition(Position + new Vector2(0, moveSpeed)); } /// <summary> /// Updates the position of the AI bat, in order to track the ball /// </summary> /// <param name="ball"></param> public virtual void UpdatePosition(Ball ball) { size.X = (int)Position.X; size.Y = (int)Position.Y; } /// <summary> /// Resets the bat to the center location after a new game starts /// </summary> public void ResetPosition() { SetPosition(new Vector2(GetPosition().X, yHeight / 2 - size.Height)); } /// <summary> /// Used for the Growbat powerup /// </summary> public void GrowBat() { // Doubles the size of the bat collision size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width * 2, leftBat.Height * 2); } /// <summary> /// Used for the Shrinkbat powerup /// </summary> public void ShrinkBat() { // 1/2 the size of the bat collision size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width / 2, leftBat.Height / 2); } /// <summary> /// Draws the bats /// </summary> public virtual void Draw(SpriteBatch batch) { batch.Draw(leftBat, size, Color.White); } } }

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  • Storing objects in the array

    - by Ockonal
    Hello, I want to save boost signals objects in the map (association: signal name ? signal object). The signals signature is different, so the second type of map should be boost::any. map<string, any> mSignalAssociation; The question is how to store objects without defining type of new signal signature? typedef boost::signals2::signal<void (int KeyCode)> sigKeyPressed; mSignalAssociation.insert(make_pair("KeyPressed", sigKeyPressed())); // This is what I need: passing object without type definition mSignalAssociation["KeyPressed"] = (typename boost::signals2::signal<void (int KeyCode)>()); // One more trying which won't work. And I don't want use this sigKeyPressed mKeyPressed; mSignalAssociation["KeyPressed"] = mKeyPressed; All this tryings throw the error: /usr/include/boost/noncopyable.hpp: In copy constructor ‘boost::signals2::signal_base::signal_base(const boost::signals2::signal_base&)’: In file included from /usr/include/boost/signals2/detail/signals_common.hpp:17:0, /usr/include/boost/noncopyable.hpp:27:7: error: ‘boost::noncopyable_::noncopyable::noncopyable(const boost::noncopyable_::noncopyable&)’ is private /usr/include/boost/signals2/signal_base.hpp:22:5: error: within this context ---------- /usr/include/boost/signals2/detail/signal_template.hpp: In copy constructor ‘boost::signals2::signal1<void, int&, boost::signals2::optional_last_value<void>, int, std::less<int>, boost::function<void(int)>, boost::function<void(const boost::signals2::connection&, int)>, boost::signals2::mutex>::signal1(const boost::signals2::signal1<void, int, boost::signals2::optional_last_value<void>, int, std::less<int>, boost::function<void(int)>, boost::function<void(const boost::signals2::connection&, int)>, boost::signals2::mutex>&)’: In file included from /usr/include/boost/preprocessor/iteration/detail/iter/forward1.hpp:52:0, /usr/include/boost/signals2/detail/signal_template.hpp:578:5: note: synthesized method ‘boost::signals2::signal_base::signal_base(const boost::signals2::signal_base&)’ first required here from /usr/include/boost/signals2.hpp:16, --------- /usr/include/boost/signals2/preprocessed_signal.hpp: In copy constructor ‘boost::signals2::signal<void(int)>::signal(const boost::signals2::signal<void(int)>&)’: In file included from /usr/include/boost/signals2/signal.hpp:36:0, /usr/include/boost/signals2/preprocessed_signal.hpp:42:5: note: synthesized method ‘boost::signals2::signal1<void, int, boost::signals2::optional_last_value<void>, int, std::less<int>, boost::function<void(int)>, boost::function<void(const boost::signals2::connection&, int)>, boost::signals2::mutex>::signal1(const boost::signals2::signal1<void, int, boost::signals2::optional_last_value<void>, int, std::less<int>, boost::function<void(int)>, boost::function<void(const boost::signals2::connection&, int)>, boost::signals2::mutex>&)’ first required here from /home/ockonal/Workspace/Projects/Pseudoform-2/include/Core/Systems.hpp:6,

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  • adresse book with C programming, i have problem with library i think, couldn't complite my code

    - by osabri
    I've divided my code in small programm so it can be easy to excute /* ab_error.c : in case of errors following messages will be displayed */ #include "adressbook.h" static char *errormsg[] = { "", "\nNot enough space on disk", "\nCannot open file", "\nCannot read file", "\nCannot write file" }; void check(int error) { switch(error) { case 0: return; case 1: write_file(); case 2: case 3: case 4: system("cls"); fputs(errormsg[error], stderr); exit(error); } } 2nd /* ab_fileio.c : functions for file input/output */ include "adressbook.h" static char ab_file[] = "ADRESSBOOK.DAT"; //file to save the entries int read_file(void) { int error = 0; FILE *fp; ELEMENT *new_e, *last_e = NULL; DATA buffer; if( (fp = fopen(ab_file, "rb")) == NULL) return -1; //no file found while (fread(&buffer, sizeof(DATA), 1, fp) == 1) //reads one list element after another { if( (new_e = make_element()) == NULL) { error = 1; break; //not enough space } new_e->person = buffer; //copy data to new element new_e->next = NULL; if(hol.first == NULL) //list is empty? hol.first = new_e; //yes else last_e->next = new_e; //no last_e = new_e; ++hol.amount; } if( !error && !feof(fp) ) error = 3; //cannot read file fclose(fp); return error; } /-------------------------------/ int write_file(void) { int error = 0; FILE *fp; ELEMENT *p; if( (p = hol.first) == NULL) return 0; //list is empty if( (fp = fopen(ab_file, "wb")) == NULL) return 2; //cannot open while( p!= NULL) { if( fwrite(&p->person, sizeof(DATA), 1, fp) < 1) { error = 4; break; //cannot write } p = p->next; } fclose(fp); return error; } 3rd /* ab_list.c : functions to manipulate the list */ #include "adressbook.h" HOL hol = {0, NULL}; //global definition for head of list /* -------------------- */ ELEMENT *make_element(void) { return (ELEMENT *)malloc( sizeof(ELEMENT) ); } /* -------------------- */ int ins_element( DATA *newdata) { ELEMENT *new_e, *pre_p; if((new_e = make_element()) == NULL) return 1; new_e ->person = *newdata; // copy data to new element pre_p = search(new_e->person.family_name); if(pre_p == NULL) //no person in list { new_e->next = hol.first; //put it to the begin hol.first = new_e; } else { new_e->next = pre_p->next; pre_p->next = new_e; } ++hol.amount; return 0; } int erase_element( char name, char surname ) { return 0; } /* ---------------------*/ ELEMENT *search(char *name) { ELEMENT *sp, *retp; //searchpointer, returnpointer retp = NULL; sp = hol.first; while(sp != NULL && sp->person.family_name != name) { retp = sp; sp = sp->next; } return(retp); } 4th /* ab_screen.c : functions for printing information on screen */ #include "adressbook.h" #include <conio.h> #include <ctype.h> /* standard prompts for in- and output */ static char pgmname[] = "---- Oussama's Adressbook made in splendid C ----"; static char options[] = "\ 1: Enter new adress\n\n\ 2: Delete entry\n\n\ 3: Change entry\n\n\ 4: Print adress\n\n\ Esc: Exit\n\n\n\ Your choice . . .: "; static char prompt[] = "\ Name . . . .:\n\ Surname . . :\n\n\ Street . . .:\n\n\ House number:\n\n\ Postal code :\n\n\ Phone number:"; static char buttons[] = "\ <Esc> = cancel input <Backspace> = correct input\ <Return> = assume"; static char headline[] = "\ Name Surname Street House Postal code Phone number \n\ ------------------------------------------------------------------------"; static char further[] = "\ -------- continue with any key --------"; /* ---------------------------------- */ int menu(void) //show menu and read user input { int c; system ("cls"); set_cur(0,20); puts(pgmname); set_cur(6,0); printf("%s", options); while( (c = getch()) != ESC && (c < '1' || c > '4')) putch('\a'); return c; } /* ---------------------------------- */ int print_adr_book(void) //display adressbook { int line = 1; ELEMENT *p = hol.first; system("cls"); set_cur(0,20); puts(pgmname); set_cur(2,0); puts(headline); set_cur(5,0); while(p != NULL) //run through list and show entries { printf("%5d %-15s ",line, p->person.family_name); printf("%-12s %-15s ", p->person.given_name, p->person.street); printf("%-4d %-5d %-12d\n",p->person.house_number, p->person.postal_code, p->person.phone); p = p->next; if( p == NULL || ++line %16 == 1) //end of list or screen is full { set_cur(24,0); printf("%s",further); if( getch() == ESC) return 0; set_cur(5,0); scroll_up(0,5,24);//puts(headline); } } return 0; } /* -------------------------------------------*/ int make_entry(void) { char cache[50]; DATA newperson; ELEMENT *p; while(1) { system("cls"); set_cur(0,20); puts(pgmname); set_cur(6,0); puts("Please enter new data:"); set_cur(10,0); puts(prompt); set_cur(24,0); printf("%s",buttons); balken(10, 25, MAXL, ' ',0x70); //input name if(input(newperson.family_name, MAXL, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; balken(12,25, MAXL, ' ', 0x70); //surname if(input(newperson.given_name, MAXL, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; balken(14,25, 30, ' ', 0x70); //street if(input(newperson.street, 30, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; balken(16,25, 4, ' ',0x70); //housenumber if(input(cache, 4, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; newperson.house_number = atol(cache); //to string balken(18,25, 5, ' ',0x70); //postal code if(input(cache, 5, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; newperson.postal_code = atol(cache); //to string balken(20,25, 20, ' ',0x70); //phone number if(input(cache, 20, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; newperson.phone = atol(cache); //to string p = search(newperson.phone); if( p!= NULL && p->person.phone == newperson.phone) { set_cur(22,25); puts("phonenumber already exists!"); set_cur(24,0); printf("%s, further"); getch(); continue; } } } 5th /* adress_book_project.c : main program to create an adressbook */ /* copyrights by Oussama Sabri, June 2010 */ #include "adressbook.h" //project header file int main() { int rv, cmd; //return value, user command if ( (rv = read_file() ) == -1) // no data saved yet rv = make_entry(); check(rv); //prompts an error and quits program on disfunction do { switch (cmd = menu())//calls menu and gets user input back { case '1': rv = make_entry(); break; case '2': //delete entry case '3': //changes entry rv = change_entry(cmd); break; case '4': //prints adressbook on screen rv = print_adr_book(); break; case ESC: //end of program system ("cls"); rv = 0; break; } }while(cmd!= ESC); check ( write_file() ); //save adressbook return 0; } 6th /* Getcb.c --> Die Funktion getcb() liefert die naechste * * Tastatureingabe (ruft den BIOS-INT 0x16 auf). * * Return-Wert: * * ASCII-Code bzw. erweiterter Code + 256 */ /* Hinweis: Es muss ein DOS-Compiler verwendet werden. * * (z.B. der GNU-Compiler fuer DOS auf der CD) */ #include <dos.h> int getcb(void) { union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 0; // Subfunktion 0: ein Zeichen // von der Tastatur lesen. int86( 0x16, &intregs, &intregs); if( intregs.h.al != 0) // Falls ASCII-Zeichen, return (intregs.h.al); // dieses zurueckgeben. else // Sonst den erweiterten return (intregs.h.ah + 0x100); // Code + 256 } 7th /* PUTCB.C --> enthaelt die Funktionen * * - putcb() * * - putcb9() * * - balken() * * - input() * * * * Es werden die Funktionen 9 und 14 des Video-Interrupts * * (ROM-BIOS-Interrupt 0x10) verwendet. * * * * Die Prototypen dieser Funktionen stehen in BIO.H */ /* Hinweis: Es muss ein DOS-Compiler verwendet werden. * * (z.B. der GNU-Compiler fuer DOS auf der CD) */ #include <dos.h> #define VIDEO_INT 0x10 /*---------------------------------------------------------------- * putcb(c) gibt das Zeichen auf der aktuellen Cursor-Position * am Bildschirm aus. Der Cursor wird versetzt. * Steuerzeichen Back-Space, CR, LF und BELL werden * ausgefuehrt. * Return-Wert: keiner */ void putcb(unsigned char c) /* Gibt das Zeichen in c auf */ { /* den Bildschirm aus. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 14; /* Subfunktion 14 ("Teletype") */ intregs.h.al = c; intregs.h.bl = 0xf; /* Vordergrund-Farbe im */ /* Grafik-Modus. */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------- * putcb9(c,count,mode) gibt das Zeichen in c count-mal im * angegebenen Modus auf der aktuellen * Cursor-Position am Bildschirm aus. * Der Cursor wird nicht versetzt. * * Return-Wert: keiner */ void putcb9( unsigned char c, /* das Zeichen */ unsigned count, /* die Anzahl */ unsigned mode ) /* Low-Byte: das Atrribut */ { /* High-Byte: die Bildschirmseite*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 9; /* Subfunktion 9 des Int 0x10 */ intregs.h.al = c; intregs.x.bx = mode; intregs.x.cx = count; int86( VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------- * balken() positioniert den Cursor und zeichnet einen Balken, * wobei Position, L„nge, Fllzeichen und Attribut * als Argumente bergeben werden. * Der Cursor bleibt auf der ersten Position im Balken. */ void balken( unsigned int zeile, /* Start-Position */ unsigned int spalte, unsigned int laenge, /* Laenge des Balkens */ unsigned char c, /* Fuellzeichen */ unsigned int modus) /* Low-Byte: Attribut */ /* High-Byte: Bildschirmseite */ { union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 2; /* Cursor auf der angegebenen */ intregs.h.dh = zeile; /* Bildschirmseite versetzen. */ intregs.h.dl = spalte; intregs.h.bh = (modus >> 8); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); putcb9(c, laenge, modus); /* Balken ausgeben. */ } /*---------------------------------------------------------------- * input() liest Zeichen von der Tastatur ein und haengt '\0' an. * Mit Backspace kann die Eingabe geloescht werden. * Das Attribut am Bildschirm bleibt erhalten. * * Argumente: 1. Zeiger auf den Eingabepuffer. * 2. Anzahl maximal einzulesender Zeichen. * 3. Die optionalen Argumente: Zeichen, mit denen die * Eingabe abgebrochen werden kann. * Diese Liste muá mit CR = '\r' enden! * Return-Wert: Das Zeichen, mit dem die Eingabe abgebrochen wurde. */ #include <stdarg.h> int getcb( void); /* Zum Lesen der Tastatur */ int input(char *puffer, int max,... ) { int c; /* aktuelles Zeichen */ int breakc; /* Abruchzeichen */ int nc = 0; /* Anzahl eingelesener Zeichen */ va_list argp; /* Zeiger auf die weiteren Arumente */ while(1) { *puffer = '\0'; va_start(argp, max); /* argp initialisieren */ c = getcb(); do /* Mit Zeichen der Abbruchliste vergleichen */ if(c == (breakc = va_arg(argp,int)) ) return(breakc); while( breakc != '\r' ); va_end( argp); if( c == '\b' && nc > 0) /* Backspace? */ { --nc; --puffer; putcb(c); putcb(' '); putcb(c); } else if( c >= 32 && c <= 255 && nc < max ) { ++nc; *puffer++ = c; putcb(c); } else if( nc == max) putcb('\7'); /* Ton ausgeben */ } } 8th /* Video.c --> Enthaelt die Funktionen * cls(), * scroll_up(), scroll_down(), * set_cur(), get_cur(), * set_screen_page(), get_screen_page() * * Die Prototypen dieser Funktionen befinden sich in BIO.H */ /* Hinweis: Es muss ein DOS-Compiler verwendet werden. * * (z.B. der GNU-Compiler fuer DOS auf der CD) */ #include <dos.h> #include "bio.h" #define VIDEO_INT 0x10 typedef unsigned char BYTE; void scroll_up( int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile) { /* Fenster hoch rollen. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x600 + anzahl; /* Subfunktion AH = 6, */ /* AL = Anzahl Zeilen. */ intregs.x.cx = anf_zeile << 8; /* CH=anf_zeile, cl=0 */ intregs.x.dx = (end_zeile <<8) | 79; /* DH=end_zeile,DL=79 */ intregs.h.bh = 7; /* normales Attribut */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void scroll_down( int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile) { /* Fenster runter rollen. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x700 + anzahl; /* Subfunktion AH = 7, */ /* AL = Anzahl Zeilen. */ intregs.x.cx = anf_zeile << 8; /* CH=anf_zeile, cl=0 */ intregs.x.dx = (end_zeile <<8) | 79; /* DH=end_zeile,DL=79 */ intregs.h.bh = 7; /* normales Attribut */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void set_cur( int zeile, int spalte) /* versetzt den Cursor */ { /* der aktuellen Bildschirmseite.*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 2; intregs.h.dh = (BYTE)zeile; intregs.h.dl = (BYTE)spalte; intregs.h.bh = (BYTE)get_screen_page(); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void get_cur(int *zeile, int *spalte) /* holt die Cursor- */ { /* Position der aktuellen Bildschirmseite.*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 3; intregs.h.bh = (BYTE)get_screen_page(); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); *zeile = (unsigned)intregs.h.dh; *spalte = (unsigned)intregs.h.dl; } void cls(void) { scroll_up(0,0,24); /* Gesamten Bildschirm loeschen. */ set_cur(0,0); /* Cursor in Home-Position. */ } int get_screen_page(void) /* Aktuelle Bildschirmseite holen.*/ { union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 15; /* Subfunktion AH = 15: */ /* Bildschirm-Modus feststellen. */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); return (intregs.h.bh); } void set_screen_page(int seite) /* setzt die aktive Seite des */ { /* Bildschirmpuffers auf die */ /* angegebene Seite. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x500 + seite; /* Subfunktion AH = 5 */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } /* ------------------------------------------------------------- Ein kleines Testprogramm : */ /* #include <stdio.h> int main() { cls(); set_cur(23, 0); printf("Weiter mit <Return>\n"); set_cur(12, 20); printf("Ein Test!\n"); getchar(); scroll_up(3, 5, 20); getchar(); scroll_down(6, 5, 20); getchar(); set_screen_page(1); printf("\nAuf der 2. Seite !\n"); getchar(); set_screen_page(0); set_cur(0,0); printf("\nWieder auf der 1. Seite !\n"); getchar(); cls(); return 0; } */ /* Video.c --> Enthaelt die Funktionen * cls(), * scroll_up(), scroll_down(), * set_cur(), get_cur(), * set_screen_page(), get_screen_page() * * Die Prototypen dieser Funktionen befinden sich in BIO.H */ /* Hinweis: Es muss ein DOS-Compiler verwendet werden. * * (z.B. der GNU-Compiler fuer DOS auf der CD) */ #include <dos.h> #include "bio.h" #define VIDEO_INT 0x10 typedef unsigned char BYTE; void scroll_up( int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile) { /* Fenster hoch rollen. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x600 + anzahl; /* Subfunktion AH = 6, */ /* AL = Anzahl Zeilen. */ intregs.x.cx = anf_zeile << 8; /* CH=anf_zeile, cl=0 */ intregs.x.dx = (end_zeile <<8) | 79; /* DH=end_zeile,DL=79 */ intregs.h.bh = 7; /* normales Attribut */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void scroll_down( int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile) { /* Fenster runter rollen. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x700 + anzahl; /* Subfunktion AH = 7, */ /* AL = Anzahl Zeilen. */ intregs.x.cx = anf_zeile << 8; /* CH=anf_zeile, cl=0 */ intregs.x.dx = (end_zeile <<8) | 79; /* DH=end_zeile,DL=79 */ intregs.h.bh = 7; /* normales Attribut */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void set_cur( int zeile, int spalte) /* versetzt den Cursor */ { /* der aktuellen Bildschirmseite.*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 2; intregs.h.dh = (BYTE)zeile; intregs.h.dl = (BYTE)spalte; intregs.h.bh = (BYTE)get_screen_page(); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void get_cur(int *zeile, int *spalte) /* holt die Cursor- */ { /* Position der aktuellen Bildschirmseite.*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 3; intregs.h.bh = (BYTE)get_screen_page(); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); *zeile = (unsigned)intregs.h.dh; *spalte = (unsigned)intregs.h.dl; } void cls(void) { scroll_up(0,0,24); /* Gesamten Bildschirm loeschen. */ set_cur(0,0); /* Cursor in Home-Position. */ } int get_screen_page(void) /* Aktuelle Bildschirmseite holen.*/ { union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 15; /* Subfunktion AH = 15: */ /* Bildschirm-Modus feststellen. */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); return (intregs.h.bh); } void set_screen_page(int seite) /* setzt die aktive Seite des */ { /* Bildschirmpuffers auf die */ /* angegebene Seite. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x500 + seite; /* Subfunktion AH = 5 */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } /* ------------------------------------------------------------- Ein kleines Testprogramm : */ /* #include <stdio.h> int main() { cls(); set_cur(23, 0); printf("Weiter mit <Return>\n"); set_cur(12, 20); printf("Ein Test!\n"); getchar(); scroll_up(3, 5, 20); getchar(); scroll_down(6, 5, 20); getchar(); set_screen_page(1); printf("\nAuf der 2. Seite !\n"); getchar(); set_screen_page(0); set_cur(0,0); printf("\nWieder auf der 1. Seite !\n"); getchar(); cls(); return 0; } */ /* BIO.H --> Enthaelt die Prototypen der BIOS-Funktionen. */ /* --- Funktionen in VIDEO.C --- */ extern void scroll_up(int anzahl, int anf_zeile,int end_zeile); extern void scroll_down(int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile); extern void set_cur(int zeile, int spalte); extern void get_cur(int *zeile, int *spalte); extern void cls(void); extern int get_screen_page(void); extern void set_screen_page(int page); /* --- Funktionen in GETCB.C / PUTCB.C --- */ extern int getcb(void); extern void putcb(int c); extern void putcb9(int c, unsigned count, unsigned modus); extern void balken(int zeile, int spalte, int laenge, int c, unsigned modus); extern int input(char *puffer, int max,... ); need your help, can't find my mistakes:((

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  • Address book with C programming; cannot compile my code.

    - by osabri
    I've divided my code into small programs so it can be easy to excute /* ab_error.c : in case of errors following messages will be displayed */ #include "adressbook.h" static char *errormsg[] = { "", "\nNot enough space on disk", "\nCannot open file", "\nCannot read file", "\nCannot write file" }; void check(int error) { switch(error) { case 0: return; case 1: write_file(); case 2: case 3: case 4: system("cls"); fputs(errormsg[error], stderr); exit(error); } } 2nd /* ab_fileio.c : functions for file input/output */ #include "adressbook.h" static char ab_file[] = "ADRESSBOOK.DAT"; //file to save the entries int read_file(void) { int error = 0; FILE *fp; ELEMENT *new_e, *last_e = NULL; DATA buffer; if( (fp = fopen(ab_file, "rb")) == NULL) return -1; //no file found while (fread(&buffer, sizeof(DATA), 1, fp) == 1) //reads one list element after another { if( (new_e = make_element()) == NULL) { error = 1; break; //not enough space } new_e->person = buffer; //copy data to new element new_e->next = NULL; if(hol.first == NULL) //list is empty? hol.first = new_e; //yes else last_e->next = new_e; //no last_e = new_e; ++hol.amount; } if( !error && !feof(fp) ) error = 3; //cannot read file fclose(fp); return error; } /*-------------------------------*/ int write_file(void) { int error = 0; FILE *fp; ELEMENT *p; if( (p = hol.first) == NULL) return 0; //list is empty if( (fp = fopen(ab_file, "wb")) == NULL) return 2; //cannot open while( p!= NULL) { if( fwrite(&p->person, sizeof(DATA), 1, fp) < 1) { error = 4; break; //cannot write } p = p->next; } fclose(fp); return error; } 3rd /* ab_list.c : functions to manipulate the list */ #include "adressbook.h" HOL hol = {0, NULL}; //global definition for head of list /* -------------------- */ ELEMENT *make_element(void) { return (ELEMENT *)malloc( sizeof(ELEMENT) ); } /* -------------------- */ int ins_element( DATA *newdata) { ELEMENT *new_e, *pre_p; if((new_e = make_element()) == NULL) return 1; new_e ->person = *newdata; // copy data to new element pre_p = search(new_e->person.family_name); if(pre_p == NULL) //no person in list { new_e->next = hol.first; //put it to the begin hol.first = new_e; } else { new_e->next = pre_p->next; pre_p->next = new_e; } ++hol.amount; return 0; } int erase_element( char name, char surname ) { return 0; } /* ---------------------*/ ELEMENT *search(char *name) { ELEMENT *sp, *retp; //searchpointer, returnpointer retp = NULL; sp = hol.first; while(sp != NULL && sp->person.family_name != name) { retp = sp; sp = sp->next; } return(retp); } 4th /* ab_screen.c : functions for printing information on screen */ #include "adressbook.h" #include <conio.h> #include <ctype.h> /* standard prompts for in- and output */ static char pgmname[] = "---- Oussama's Adressbook made in splendid C ----"; static char options[] = "\ 1: Enter new adress\n\n\ 2: Delete entry\n\n\ 3: Change entry\n\n\ 4: Print adress\n\n\ Esc: Exit\n\n\n\ Your choice . . .: "; static char prompt[] = "\ Name . . . .:\n\ Surname . . :\n\n\ Street . . .:\n\n\ House number:\n\n\ Postal code :\n\n\ Phone number:"; static char buttons[] = "\ <Esc> = cancel input <Backspace> = correct input\ <Return> = assume"; static char headline[] = "\ Name Surname Street House Postal code Phone number \n\ ------------------------------------------------------------------------"; static char further[] = "\ -------- continue with any key --------"; /* ---------------------------------- */ int menu(void) //show menu and read user input { int c; system ("cls"); set_cur(0,20); puts(pgmname); set_cur(6,0); printf("%s", options); while( (c = getch()) != ESC && (c < '1' || c > '4')) putch('\a'); return c; } /* ---------------------------------- */ int print_adr_book(void) //display adressbook { int line = 1; ELEMENT *p = hol.first; system("cls"); set_cur(0,20); puts(pgmname); set_cur(2,0); puts(headline); set_cur(5,0); while(p != NULL) //run through list and show entries { printf("%5d %-15s ",line, p->person.family_name); printf("%-12s %-15s ", p->person.given_name, p->person.street); printf("%-4d %-5d %-12d\n",p->person.house_number, p->person.postal_code, p->person.phone); p = p->next; if( p == NULL || ++line %16 == 1) //end of list or screen is full { set_cur(24,0); printf("%s",further); if( getch() == ESC) return 0; set_cur(5,0); scroll_up(0,5,24);//puts(headline); } } return 0; } /* -------------------------------------------*/ int make_entry(void) { char cache[50]; DATA newperson; ELEMENT *p; while(1) { system("cls"); set_cur(0,20); puts(pgmname); set_cur(6,0); puts("Please enter new data:"); set_cur(10,0); puts(prompt); set_cur(24,0); printf("%s",buttons); balken(10, 25, MAXL, ' ',0x70); //input name if(input(newperson.family_name, MAXL, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; balken(12,25, MAXL, ' ', 0x70); //surname if(input(newperson.given_name, MAXL, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; balken(14,25, 30, ' ', 0x70); //street if(input(newperson.street, 30, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; balken(16,25, 4, ' ',0x70); //housenumber if(input(cache, 4, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; newperson.house_number = atol(cache); //to string balken(18,25, 5, ' ',0x70); //postal code if(input(cache, 5, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; newperson.postal_code = atol(cache); //to string balken(20,25, 20, ' ',0x70); //phone number if(input(cache, 20, ESC, CR) == ESC) return 0; newperson.phone = atol(cache); //to string p = search(newperson.phone); if( p!= NULL && p->person.phone == newperson.phone) { set_cur(22,25); puts("phonenumber already exists!"); set_cur(24,0); printf("%s, further"); getch(); continue; } } } 5th /* adress_book_project.c : main program to create an adressbook */ /* copyrights by Oussama Sabri, June 2010 */ #include "adressbook.h" //project header file int main() { int rv, cmd; //return value, user command if ( (rv = read_file() ) == -1) // no data saved yet rv = make_entry(); check(rv); //prompts an error and quits program on disfunction do { switch (cmd = menu())//calls menu and gets user input back { case '1': rv = make_entry(); break; case '2': //delete entry case '3': //changes entry rv = change_entry(cmd); break; case '4': //prints adressbook on screen rv = print_adr_book(); break; case ESC: //end of program system ("cls"); rv = 0; break; } }while(cmd!= ESC); check ( write_file() ); //save adressbook return 0; } 6th /* Getcb.c --> Die Funktion getcb() liefert die naechste * * Tastatureingabe (ruft den BIOS-INT 0x16 auf). * * Return-Wert: * * ASCII-Code bzw. erweiterter Code + 256 */ /* Hinweis: Es muss ein DOS-Compiler verwendet werden. * * (z.B. der GNU-Compiler fuer DOS auf der CD) */ #include <dos.h> int getcb(void) { union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 0; // Subfunktion 0: ein Zeichen // von der Tastatur lesen. int86( 0x16, &intregs, &intregs); if( intregs.h.al != 0) // Falls ASCII-Zeichen, return (intregs.h.al); // dieses zurueckgeben. else // Sonst den erweiterten return (intregs.h.ah + 0x100); // Code + 256 } 7th /* PUTCB.C --> enthaelt die Funktionen * * - putcb() * * - putcb9() * * - balken() * * - input() * * * * Es werden die Funktionen 9 und 14 des Video-Interrupts * * (ROM-BIOS-Interrupt 0x10) verwendet. * * * * Die Prototypen dieser Funktionen stehen in BIO.H */ /* Hinweis: Es muss ein DOS-Compiler verwendet werden. * * (z.B. der GNU-Compiler fuer DOS auf der CD) */ #include <dos.h> #define VIDEO_INT 0x10 /*---------------------------------------------------------------- * putcb(c) gibt das Zeichen auf der aktuellen Cursor-Position * am Bildschirm aus. Der Cursor wird versetzt. * Steuerzeichen Back-Space, CR, LF und BELL werden * ausgefuehrt. * Return-Wert: keiner */ void putcb(unsigned char c) /* Gibt das Zeichen in c auf */ { /* den Bildschirm aus. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 14; /* Subfunktion 14 ("Teletype") */ intregs.h.al = c; intregs.h.bl = 0xf; /* Vordergrund-Farbe im */ /* Grafik-Modus. */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------- * putcb9(c,count,mode) gibt das Zeichen in c count-mal im * angegebenen Modus auf der aktuellen * Cursor-Position am Bildschirm aus. * Der Cursor wird nicht versetzt. * * Return-Wert: keiner */ void putcb9( unsigned char c, /* das Zeichen */ unsigned count, /* die Anzahl */ unsigned mode ) /* Low-Byte: das Atrribut */ { /* High-Byte: die Bildschirmseite*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 9; /* Subfunktion 9 des Int 0x10 */ intregs.h.al = c; intregs.x.bx = mode; intregs.x.cx = count; int86( VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------- * balken() positioniert den Cursor und zeichnet einen Balken, * wobei Position, L„nge, Fllzeichen und Attribut * als Argumente bergeben werden. * Der Cursor bleibt auf der ersten Position im Balken. */ void balken( unsigned int zeile, /* Start-Position */ unsigned int spalte, unsigned int laenge, /* Laenge des Balkens */ unsigned char c, /* Fuellzeichen */ unsigned int modus) /* Low-Byte: Attribut */ /* High-Byte: Bildschirmseite */ { union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 2; /* Cursor auf der angegebenen */ intregs.h.dh = zeile; /* Bildschirmseite versetzen. */ intregs.h.dl = spalte; intregs.h.bh = (modus >> 8); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); putcb9(c, laenge, modus); /* Balken ausgeben. */ } /*---------------------------------------------------------------- * input() liest Zeichen von der Tastatur ein und haengt '\0' an. * Mit Backspace kann die Eingabe geloescht werden. * Das Attribut am Bildschirm bleibt erhalten. * * Argumente: 1. Zeiger auf den Eingabepuffer. * 2. Anzahl maximal einzulesender Zeichen. * 3. Die optionalen Argumente: Zeichen, mit denen die * Eingabe abgebrochen werden kann. * Diese Liste muá mit CR = '\r' enden! * Return-Wert: Das Zeichen, mit dem die Eingabe abgebrochen wurde. */ #include <stdarg.h> int getcb( void); /* Zum Lesen der Tastatur */ int input(char *puffer, int max,... ) { int c; /* aktuelles Zeichen */ int breakc; /* Abruchzeichen */ int nc = 0; /* Anzahl eingelesener Zeichen */ va_list argp; /* Zeiger auf die weiteren Arumente */ while(1) { *puffer = '\0'; va_start(argp, max); /* argp initialisieren */ c = getcb(); do /* Mit Zeichen der Abbruchliste vergleichen */ if(c == (breakc = va_arg(argp,int)) ) return(breakc); while( breakc != '\r' ); va_end( argp); if( c == '\b' && nc > 0) /* Backspace? */ { --nc; --puffer; putcb(c); putcb(' '); putcb(c); } else if( c >= 32 && c <= 255 && nc < max ) { ++nc; *puffer++ = c; putcb(c); } else if( nc == max) putcb('\7'); /* Ton ausgeben */ } } 8th /* Video.c --> Enthaelt die Funktionen * cls(), * scroll_up(), scroll_down(), * set_cur(), get_cur(), * set_screen_page(), get_screen_page() * * Die Prototypen dieser Funktionen befinden sich in BIO.H */ /* Hinweis: Es muss ein DOS-Compiler verwendet werden. * * (z.B. der GNU-Compiler fuer DOS auf der CD) */ #include <dos.h> #include "bio.h" #define VIDEO_INT 0x10 typedef unsigned char BYTE; void scroll_up( int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile) { /* Fenster hoch rollen. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x600 + anzahl; /* Subfunktion AH = 6, */ /* AL = Anzahl Zeilen. */ intregs.x.cx = anf_zeile << 8; /* CH=anf_zeile, cl=0 */ intregs.x.dx = (end_zeile <<8) | 79; /* DH=end_zeile,DL=79 */ intregs.h.bh = 7; /* normales Attribut */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void scroll_down( int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile) { /* Fenster runter rollen. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x700 + anzahl; /* Subfunktion AH = 7, */ /* AL = Anzahl Zeilen. */ intregs.x.cx = anf_zeile << 8; /* CH=anf_zeile, cl=0 */ intregs.x.dx = (end_zeile <<8) | 79; /* DH=end_zeile,DL=79 */ intregs.h.bh = 7; /* normales Attribut */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void set_cur( int zeile, int spalte) /* versetzt den Cursor */ { /* der aktuellen Bildschirmseite.*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 2; intregs.h.dh = (BYTE)zeile; intregs.h.dl = (BYTE)spalte; intregs.h.bh = (BYTE)get_screen_page(); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void get_cur(int *zeile, int *spalte) /* holt die Cursor- */ { /* Position der aktuellen Bildschirmseite.*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 3; intregs.h.bh = (BYTE)get_screen_page(); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); *zeile = (unsigned)intregs.h.dh; *spalte = (unsigned)intregs.h.dl; } void cls(void) { scroll_up(0,0,24); /* Gesamten Bildschirm loeschen. */ set_cur(0,0); /* Cursor in Home-Position. */ } int get_screen_page(void) /* Aktuelle Bildschirmseite holen.*/ { union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 15; /* Subfunktion AH = 15: */ /* Bildschirm-Modus feststellen. */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); return (intregs.h.bh); } void set_screen_page(int seite) /* setzt die aktive Seite des */ { /* Bildschirmpuffers auf die */ /* angegebene Seite. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x500 + seite; /* Subfunktion AH = 5 */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } /* ------------------------------------------------------------- Ein kleines Testprogramm : */ /* #include <stdio.h> int main() { cls(); set_cur(23, 0); printf("Weiter mit <Return>\n"); set_cur(12, 20); printf("Ein Test!\n"); getchar(); scroll_up(3, 5, 20); getchar(); scroll_down(6, 5, 20); getchar(); set_screen_page(1); printf("\nAuf der 2. Seite !\n"); getchar(); set_screen_page(0); set_cur(0,0); printf("\nWieder auf der 1. Seite !\n"); getchar(); cls(); return 0; } */ /* Video.c --> Enthaelt die Funktionen * cls(), * scroll_up(), scroll_down(), * set_cur(), get_cur(), * set_screen_page(), get_screen_page() * * Die Prototypen dieser Funktionen befinden sich in BIO.H */ /* Hinweis: Es muss ein DOS-Compiler verwendet werden. * * (z.B. der GNU-Compiler fuer DOS auf der CD) */ #include <dos.h> #include "bio.h" #define VIDEO_INT 0x10 typedef unsigned char BYTE; void scroll_up( int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile) { /* Fenster hoch rollen. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x600 + anzahl; /* Subfunktion AH = 6, */ /* AL = Anzahl Zeilen. */ intregs.x.cx = anf_zeile << 8; /* CH=anf_zeile, cl=0 */ intregs.x.dx = (end_zeile <<8) | 79; /* DH=end_zeile,DL=79 */ intregs.h.bh = 7; /* normales Attribut */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void scroll_down( int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile) { /* Fenster runter rollen. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x700 + anzahl; /* Subfunktion AH = 7, */ /* AL = Anzahl Zeilen. */ intregs.x.cx = anf_zeile << 8; /* CH=anf_zeile, cl=0 */ intregs.x.dx = (end_zeile <<8) | 79; /* DH=end_zeile,DL=79 */ intregs.h.bh = 7; /* normales Attribut */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void set_cur( int zeile, int spalte) /* versetzt den Cursor */ { /* der aktuellen Bildschirmseite.*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 2; intregs.h.dh = (BYTE)zeile; intregs.h.dl = (BYTE)spalte; intregs.h.bh = (BYTE)get_screen_page(); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } void get_cur(int *zeile, int *spalte) /* holt die Cursor- */ { /* Position der aktuellen Bildschirmseite.*/ union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 3; intregs.h.bh = (BYTE)get_screen_page(); int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); *zeile = (unsigned)intregs.h.dh; *spalte = (unsigned)intregs.h.dl; } void cls(void) { scroll_up(0,0,24); /* Gesamten Bildschirm loeschen. */ set_cur(0,0); /* Cursor in Home-Position. */ } int get_screen_page(void) /* Aktuelle Bildschirmseite holen.*/ { union REGS intregs; intregs.h.ah = 15; /* Subfunktion AH = 15: */ /* Bildschirm-Modus feststellen. */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); return (intregs.h.bh); } void set_screen_page(int seite) /* setzt die aktive Seite des */ { /* Bildschirmpuffers auf die */ /* angegebene Seite. */ union REGS intregs; intregs.x.ax = 0x500 + seite; /* Subfunktion AH = 5 */ int86(VIDEO_INT, &intregs, &intregs); } /* ------------------------------------------------------------- Ein kleines Testprogramm : */ /* #include <stdio.h> int main() { cls(); set_cur(23, 0); printf("Weiter mit <Return>\n"); set_cur(12, 20); printf("Ein Test!\n"); getchar(); scroll_up(3, 5, 20); getchar(); scroll_down(6, 5, 20); getchar(); set_screen_page(1); printf("\nAuf der 2. Seite !\n"); getchar(); set_screen_page(0); set_cur(0,0); printf("\nWieder auf der 1. Seite !\n"); getchar(); cls(); return 0; } */ /* BIO.H --> Enthaelt die Prototypen der BIOS-Funktionen. */ /* --- Funktionen in VIDEO.C --- */ extern void scroll_up(int anzahl, int anf_zeile,int end_zeile); extern void scroll_down(int anzahl, int anf_zeile, int end_zeile); extern void set_cur(int zeile, int spalte); extern void get_cur(int *zeile, int *spalte); extern void cls(void); extern int get_screen_page(void); extern void set_screen_page(int page); /* --- Funktionen in GETCB.C / PUTCB.C --- */ extern int getcb(void); extern void putcb(int c); extern void putcb9(int c, unsigned count, unsigned modus); extern void balken(int zeile, int spalte, int laenge, int c, unsigned modus); extern int input(char *puffer, int max,... ); need your help, can't find my mistakes:((

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  • Linq 2 SQL using base class and WCF

    - by Gena Verdel
    Hi all. I have the following problem: I'm using L2S for generating entity classes. All these classes share the same property ID which is autonumber. So I figured to put this property to base class and extend all entity classes from the base one. In order to be able to read the value I'm using the override modifier on this property in each and every entity class. Up to now it's live and kicking. Then I decided to introduce another tier - services using WCF approach. I've modified the Serialization mode to Unidirectional (and added the IsReference=true attribute to enable two directions), also added [DataContract] attribute to the BaseObject class. WCF is able to transport the whole object but one property , which is ID. Applying [DataMember] attribute on ID property at the base class resulted in nothing. Am I missing something? Is what I'm trying to achieve possible at all? [DataContract()] abstract public class BaseObject : IIccObject public virtual long ID { get; set; } [Table(Name="dbo.Blocks")] [DataContract(IsReference=true)] public partial class Block : INotifyPropertyChanging, INotifyPropertyChanged { private static PropertyChangingEventArgs emptyChangingEventArgs = new PropertyChangingEventArgs(String.Empty); private long _ID; private int _StatusID; private string _Name; private bool _IsWithControlPoints; private long _DivisionID; private string _SHAPE; private EntitySet<BlockByWorkstation> _BlockByWorkstations; private EntitySet<PlanningPointAppropriation> _PlanningPointAppropriations; private EntitySet<Neighbor> _Neighbors; private EntitySet<Neighbor> _Neighbors1; private EntitySet<Task> _Tasks; private EntitySet<PlanningPointByBlock> _PlanningPointByBlocks; private EntityRef<Division> _Division; private bool serializing; #region Extensibility Method Definitions partial void OnLoaded(); partial void OnValidate(System.Data.Linq.ChangeAction action); partial void OnCreated(); partial void OnIDChanging(long value); partial void OnIDChanged(); partial void OnStatusIDChanging(int value); partial void OnStatusIDChanged(); partial void OnNameChanging(string value); partial void OnNameChanged(); partial void OnIsWithControlPointsChanging(bool value); partial void OnIsWithControlPointsChanged(); partial void OnDivisionIDChanging(long value); partial void OnDivisionIDChanged(); partial void OnSHAPEChanging(string value); partial void OnSHAPEChanged(); #endregion public Block() { this.Initialize(); } [Column(Storage="_ID", AutoSync=AutoSync.OnInsert, DbType="BigInt NOT NULL IDENTITY", IsPrimaryKey=true, IsDbGenerated=true)] [DataMember(Order=1)] public override long ID { get { return this._ID; } set { if ((this._ID != value)) { this.OnIDChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._ID = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("ID"); this.OnIDChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_StatusID", DbType="Int NOT NULL")] [DataMember(Order=2)] public int StatusID { get { return this._StatusID; } set { if ((this._StatusID != value)) { this.OnStatusIDChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._StatusID = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("StatusID"); this.OnStatusIDChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_Name", DbType="NVarChar(255)")] [DataMember(Order=3)] public string Name { get { return this._Name; } set { if ((this._Name != value)) { this.OnNameChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._Name = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("Name"); this.OnNameChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_IsWithControlPoints", DbType="Bit NOT NULL")] [DataMember(Order=4)] public bool IsWithControlPoints { get { return this._IsWithControlPoints; } set { if ((this._IsWithControlPoints != value)) { this.OnIsWithControlPointsChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._IsWithControlPoints = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("IsWithControlPoints"); this.OnIsWithControlPointsChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_DivisionID", DbType="BigInt NOT NULL")] [DataMember(Order=5)] public long DivisionID { get { return this._DivisionID; } set { if ((this._DivisionID != value)) { if (this._Division.HasLoadedOrAssignedValue) { throw new System.Data.Linq.ForeignKeyReferenceAlreadyHasValueException(); } this.OnDivisionIDChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._DivisionID = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("DivisionID"); this.OnDivisionIDChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_SHAPE", DbType="Text", UpdateCheck=UpdateCheck.Never)] [DataMember(Order=6)] public string SHAPE { get { return this._SHAPE; } set { if ((this._SHAPE != value)) { this.OnSHAPEChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._SHAPE = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("SHAPE"); this.OnSHAPEChanged(); } } } [Association(Name="Block_BlockByWorkstation", Storage="_BlockByWorkstations", ThisKey="ID", OtherKey="BlockID")] [DataMember(Order=7, EmitDefaultValue=false)] public EntitySet<BlockByWorkstation> BlockByWorkstations { get { if ((this.serializing && (this._BlockByWorkstations.HasLoadedOrAssignedValues == false))) { return null; } return this._BlockByWorkstations; } set { this._BlockByWorkstations.Assign(value); } } [Association(Name="Block_PlanningPointAppropriation", Storage="_PlanningPointAppropriations", ThisKey="ID", OtherKey="MasterBlockID")] [DataMember(Order=8, EmitDefaultValue=false)] public EntitySet<PlanningPointAppropriation> PlanningPointAppropriations { get { if ((this.serializing && (this._PlanningPointAppropriations.HasLoadedOrAssignedValues == false))) { return null; } return this._PlanningPointAppropriations; } set { this._PlanningPointAppropriations.Assign(value); } } [Association(Name="Block_Neighbor", Storage="_Neighbors", ThisKey="ID", OtherKey="FirstBlockID")] [DataMember(Order=9, EmitDefaultValue=false)] public EntitySet<Neighbor> Neighbors { get { if ((this.serializing && (this._Neighbors.HasLoadedOrAssignedValues == false))) { return null; } return this._Neighbors; } set { this._Neighbors.Assign(value); } } [Association(Name="Block_Neighbor1", Storage="_Neighbors1", ThisKey="ID", OtherKey="SecondBlockID")] [DataMember(Order=10, EmitDefaultValue=false)] public EntitySet<Neighbor> Neighbors1 { get { if ((this.serializing && (this._Neighbors1.HasLoadedOrAssignedValues == false))) { return null; } return this._Neighbors1; } set { this._Neighbors1.Assign(value); } } [Association(Name="Block_Task", Storage="_Tasks", ThisKey="ID", OtherKey="BlockID")] [DataMember(Order=11, EmitDefaultValue=false)] public EntitySet<Task> Tasks { get { if ((this.serializing && (this._Tasks.HasLoadedOrAssignedValues == false))) { return null; } return this._Tasks; } set { this._Tasks.Assign(value); } } [Association(Name="Block_PlanningPointByBlock", Storage="_PlanningPointByBlocks", ThisKey="ID", OtherKey="BlockID")] [DataMember(Order=12, EmitDefaultValue=false)] public EntitySet<PlanningPointByBlock> PlanningPointByBlocks { get { if ((this.serializing && (this._PlanningPointByBlocks.HasLoadedOrAssignedValues == false))) { return null; } return this._PlanningPointByBlocks; } set { this._PlanningPointByBlocks.Assign(value); } } [Association(Name="Division_Block", Storage="_Division", ThisKey="DivisionID", OtherKey="ID", IsForeignKey=true, DeleteOnNull=true, DeleteRule="CASCADE")] public Division Division { get { return this._Division.Entity; } set { Division previousValue = this._Division.Entity; if (((previousValue != value) || (this._Division.HasLoadedOrAssignedValue == false))) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); if ((previousValue != null)) { this._Division.Entity = null; previousValue.Blocks.Remove(this); } this._Division.Entity = value; if ((value != null)) { value.Blocks.Add(this); this._DivisionID = value.ID; } else { this._DivisionID = default(long); } this.SendPropertyChanged("Division"); } } } public event PropertyChangingEventHandler PropertyChanging; public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; protected virtual void SendPropertyChanging() { if ((this.PropertyChanging != null)) { this.PropertyChanging(this, emptyChangingEventArgs); } } protected virtual void SendPropertyChanged(String propertyName) { if ((this.PropertyChanged != null)) { this.PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName)); } } private void attach_BlockByWorkstations(BlockByWorkstation entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Block = this; } private void detach_BlockByWorkstations(BlockByWorkstation entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Block = null; } private void attach_PlanningPointAppropriations(PlanningPointAppropriation entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Block = this; } private void detach_PlanningPointAppropriations(PlanningPointAppropriation entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Block = null; } private void attach_Neighbors(Neighbor entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.FirstBlock = this; } private void detach_Neighbors(Neighbor entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.FirstBlock = null; } private void attach_Neighbors1(Neighbor entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.SecondBlock = this; } private void detach_Neighbors1(Neighbor entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.SecondBlock = null; } private void attach_Tasks(Task entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Block = this; } private void detach_Tasks(Task entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Block = null; } private void attach_PlanningPointByBlocks(PlanningPointByBlock entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Block = this; } private void detach_PlanningPointByBlocks(PlanningPointByBlock entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Block = null; } private void Initialize() { this._BlockByWorkstations = new EntitySet<BlockByWorkstation>(new Action<BlockByWorkstation>(this.attach_BlockByWorkstations), new Action<BlockByWorkstation>(this.detach_BlockByWorkstations)); this._PlanningPointAppropriations = new EntitySet<PlanningPointAppropriation>(new Action<PlanningPointAppropriation>(this.attach_PlanningPointAppropriations), new Action<PlanningPointAppropriation>(this.detach_PlanningPointAppropriations)); this._Neighbors = new EntitySet<Neighbor>(new Action<Neighbor>(this.attach_Neighbors), new Action<Neighbor>(this.detach_Neighbors)); this._Neighbors1 = new EntitySet<Neighbor>(new Action<Neighbor>(this.attach_Neighbors1), new Action<Neighbor>(this.detach_Neighbors1)); this._Tasks = new EntitySet<Task>(new Action<Task>(this.attach_Tasks), new Action<Task>(this.detach_Tasks)); this._PlanningPointByBlocks = new EntitySet<PlanningPointByBlock>(new Action<PlanningPointByBlock>(this.attach_PlanningPointByBlocks), new Action<PlanningPointByBlock>(this.detach_PlanningPointByBlocks)); this._Division = default(EntityRef<Division>); OnCreated(); } [OnDeserializing()] [System.ComponentModel.EditorBrowsableAttribute(EditorBrowsableState.Never)] public void OnDeserializing(StreamingContext context) { this.Initialize(); } [OnSerializing()] [System.ComponentModel.EditorBrowsableAttribute(EditorBrowsableState.Never)] public void OnSerializing(StreamingContext context) { this.serializing = true; } [OnSerialized()] [System.ComponentModel.EditorBrowsableAttribute(EditorBrowsableState.Never)] public void OnSerialized(StreamingContext context) { this.serializing = false; } }

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  • Nullpointerexcption & abrupt IOStream closure with inheritence and subclasses

    - by user1401652
    A brief background before so we can communicate on the same wave length. I've had about 8-10 university courses on programming from data structure, to one on all languages, to specific ones such as java & c++. I'm a bit rusty because i usually take 2-3 month breaks from coding. This is a personal project that I started thinking of two years back. Okay down to the details, and a specific question, I'm having problems with my mutator functions. It seems to be that I am trying to access a private variable incorrectly. The question is, am I nesting my classes too much and trying to mutate a base class variable the incorrect way. If so point me in the way of the correct literature, or confirm this is my problem so I can restudy this information. Thanks package GroceryReceiptProgram; import java.io.*; import java.util.Vector; public class Date { private int hour, minute, day, month, year; Date() { try { BufferedReader keyboard = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.println("What's the hour? (Use 1-24 military notation"); hour = Integer.parseInt(keyboard.readLine()); System.out.println("what's the minute? "); minute = Integer.parseInt(keyboard.readLine()); System.out.println("What's the day of the month?"); day = Integer.parseInt(keyboard.readLine()); System.out.println("Which month of the year is it, use an integer"); month = Integer.parseInt(keyboard.readLine()); System.out.println("What year is it?"); year = Integer.parseInt(keyboard.readLine()); keyboard.close(); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("Yo houston we have a problem"); } } public void setHour(int hour) { this.hour = hour; } public void setHour() { try { BufferedReader keyboard = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.println("What hour, use military notation?"); this.hour = Integer.parseInt(keyboard.readLine()); keyboard.close(); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { System.out.println(e.toString() + ":doesnt seem to be a number"); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.toString()); } } public int getHour() { return hour; } public void setMinute(int minute) { this.minute = minute; } public void setMinute() { try (BufferedReader keyboard = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in))) { System.out.println("What minute?"); this.minute = Integer.parseInt(keyboard.readLine()); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { System.out.println(e.toString() + ": doesnt seem to be a number"); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.toString() + ": minute shall not cooperate"); } catch (NullPointerException e) { System.out.println(e.toString() + ": in the setMinute function of the Date class"); } } public int getMinute() { return minute; } public void setDay(int day) { this.day = day; } public void setDay() { try { BufferedReader keyboard = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.println("What day 0-6?"); this.day = Integer.parseInt(keyboard.readLine()); keyboard.close(); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { System.out.println(e.toString() + ":doesnt seem to be a number"); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.toString()); } } public int getDay() { return day; } public void setMonth(int month) { this.month = month; } public void setMonth() { try { BufferedReader keyboard = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.println("What month 0-11?"); this.month = Integer.parseInt(keyboard.readLine()); keyboard.close(); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { System.out.println(e.toString() + ":doesnt seem to be a number"); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.toString()); } } public int getMonth() { return month; } public void setYear(int year) { this.year = year; } public void setYear() { try { BufferedReader keyboard = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.println("What year?"); this.year = Integer.parseInt(keyboard.readLine()); keyboard.close(); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { System.out.println(e.toString() + ":doesnt seem to be a number"); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.toString()); } } public int getYear() { return year; } public void set() { setMinute(); setHour(); setDay(); setMonth(); setYear(); } public Vector<Integer> get() { Vector<Integer> holder = new Vector<Integer>(5); holder.add(hour); holder.add(minute); holder.add(month); holder.add(day); holder.add(year); return holder; } }; That is the Date class obviously, next is the other base class Location. package GroceryReceiptProgram; import java.io.*; import java.util.Vector; public class Location { String streetName, state, city, country; int zipCode, address; Location() { try { BufferedReader keyboard = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.println("What is the street name"); streetName = keyboard.readLine(); System.out.println("Which state?"); state = keyboard.readLine(); System.out.println("Which city?"); city = keyboard.readLine(); System.out.println("Which country?"); country = keyboard.readLine(); System.out.println("Which zipcode?");//if not u.s. continue around this step zipCode = Integer.parseInt(keyboard.readLine()); System.out.println("What address?"); address = Integer.parseInt(keyboard.readLine()); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.toString()); } } public void setZipCode(int zipCode) { this.zipCode = zipCode; } public void setZipCode() { try { BufferedReader keyboard = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.println("What zipCode?"); this.zipCode = Integer.parseInt(keyboard.readLine()); keyboard.close(); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { System.out.println(e.toString() + ":doesnt seem to be a number"); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.toString()); } } public void set() { setAddress(); setCity(); setCountry(); setState(); setStreetName(); setZipCode(); } public int getZipCode() { return zipCode; } public void setAddress(int address) { this.address = address; } public void setAddress() { try { BufferedReader keyboard = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.println("What minute?"); this.address = Integer.parseInt(keyboard.readLine()); keyboard.close(); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { System.out.println(e.toString() + ":doesnt seem to be a number"); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.toString()); } } public int getAddress() { return address; } public void setStreetName(String streetName) { this.streetName = streetName; } public void setStreetName() { try { BufferedReader keyboard = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.println("What minute?"); this.streetName = keyboard.readLine(); keyboard.close(); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.toString()); } } public String getStreetName() { return streetName; } public void setState(String state) { this.state = state; } public void setState() { try { BufferedReader keyboard = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.println("What minute?"); this.state = keyboard.readLine(); keyboard.close(); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.toString()); } } public String getState() { return state; } public void setCity(String city) { this.city = city; } public void setCity() { try { BufferedReader keyboard = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.println("What minute?"); this.city = keyboard.readLine(); keyboard.close(); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.toString()); } } public String getCity() { return city; } public void setCountry(String country) { this.country = country; } public void setCountry() { try { BufferedReader keyboard = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.println("What minute?"); this.country = keyboard.readLine(); keyboard.close(); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.toString()); } } public String getCountry() { return country; } }; their parent(What is the proper name?) class package GroceryReceiptProgram; import java.io.*; public class FoodGroup { private int price, count; private Date purchaseDate, expirationDate; private Location location; private String name; public FoodGroup() { try { setPrice(); setCount(); expirationDate.set(); purchaseDate.set(); location.set(); } catch (NullPointerException e) { System.out.println(e.toString() + ": in the constructor of the FoodGroup class"); } } public void setPrice(int price) { this.price = price; } public void setPrice() { try (BufferedReader keyboard = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in))) { System.out.println("What Price?"); price = Integer.parseInt(keyboard.readLine()); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { System.out.println(e.toString() + ":doesnt seem to be a number"); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.toString() + ": in the FoodGroup class, setPrice function"); } catch (NullPointerException e) { System.out.println(e.toString() + ": in FoodGroup class. SetPrice()"); } } public int getPrice() { return price; } public void setCount(int count) { this.count = count; } public void setCount() { try (BufferedReader keyboard = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in))) { System.out.println("What count?"); count = Integer.parseInt(keyboard.readLine()); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { System.out.println(e.toString() + ":doesnt seem to be a number"); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.toString() + ": in the FoodGroup class, setCount()"); } catch (NullPointerException e) { System.out.println(e.toString() + ": in FoodGroup class, setCount"); } } public int getCount() { return count; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public void setName() { try { BufferedReader keyboard = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.println("What minute?"); this.name = keyboard.readLine(); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.toString()); } } public String getName() { return name; } public void setLocation(Location location) { this.location = location; } public Location getLocation() { return location; } public void setPurchaseDate(Date purchaseDate) { this.purchaseDate = purchaseDate; } public void setPurchaseDate() { this.purchaseDate.set(); } public Date getPurchaseDate() { return purchaseDate; } public void setExpirationDate(Date expirationDate) { this.expirationDate = expirationDate; } public void setExpirationDate() { this.expirationDate.set(); } public Date getExpirationDate() { return expirationDate; } } and finally the main class, so I can get access to all of this work. package GroceryReceiptProgram; public class NewMain { public static void main(String[] args) { FoodGroup test = new FoodGroup(); } } If anyone is further interested, here is a link the UML for this. https://www.dropbox.com/s/1weigjnxih70tbv/GRP.dia

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  • Building a project in VS that depends on a static and dynamic library

    - by fg nu
    Noob noobin'. I would appreciate some very careful handholding in setting up an example in Visual Studio 2010 Professional where I am trying to build a project which links: a previously built static library, for which the VS project folder is "C:\libjohnpaul\" a previously built dynamic library, for which the VS project folder is "C:\libgeorgeringo\" These are listed as Recipes 1.11, 1.12 and 1.13 in the C++ Cookbook. The project fails to compile for me with unresolved dependencies (see details below), and I can't figure out why. Project 1: Static Library The following are the header and source files that were compiled in this project. I was able to compile this project fine in VS2010, to the named standard library "libjohnpaul.lib" which lives in the folder ("C:/libjohnpaul/Release/"). // libjohnpaul/john.hpp #ifndef JOHN_HPP_INCLUDED #define JOHN_HPP_INCLUDED void john( ); // Prints "John, " #endif // JOHN_HPP_INCLUDED // libjohnpaul/john.cpp #include <iostream> #include "john.hpp" void john( ) { std::cout << "John, "; } // libjohnpaul/paul.hpp #ifndef PAUL_HPP_INCLUDED #define PAUL_HPP_INCLUDED void paul( ); // Prints " Paul, " #endif // PAUL_HPP_INCLUDED // libjohnpaul/paul.cpp #include <iostream> #include "paul.hpp" void paul( ) { std::cout << "Paul, "; } // libjohnpaul/johnpaul.hpp #ifndef JOHNPAUL_HPP_INCLUDED #define JOHNPAUL_HPP_INCLUDED void johnpaul( ); // Prints "John, Paul, " #endif // JOHNPAUL_HPP_INCLUDED // libjohnpaul/johnpaul.cpp #include "john.hpp" #include "paul.hpp" #include "johnpaul.hpp" void johnpaul( ) { john( ); paul( ); Project 2: Dynamic Library Here are the header and source files for the second project, which also compiled fine with VS2010, and the "libgeorgeringo.dll" file lives in the directory "C:\libgeorgeringo\Debug". // libgeorgeringo/george.hpp #ifndef GEORGE_HPP_INCLUDED #define GEORGE_HPP_INCLUDED void george( ); // Prints "George, " #endif // GEORGE_HPP_INCLUDED // libgeorgeringo/george.cpp #include <iostream> #include "george.hpp" void george( ) { std::cout << "George, "; } // libgeorgeringo/ringo.hpp #ifndef RINGO_HPP_INCLUDED #define RINGO_HPP_INCLUDED void ringo( ); // Prints "and Ringo\n" #endif // RINGO_HPP_INCLUDED // libgeorgeringo/ringo.cpp #include <iostream> #include "ringo.hpp" void ringo( ) { std::cout << "and Ringo\n"; } // libgeorgeringo/georgeringo.hpp #ifndef GEORGERINGO_HPP_INCLUDED #define GEORGERINGO_HPP_INCLUDED // define GEORGERINGO_DLL when building libgerogreringo.dll # if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__GNUC__) # ifdef GEORGERINGO_DLL # define GEORGERINGO_DECL _ _declspec(dllexport) # else # define GEORGERINGO_DECL _ _declspec(dllimport) # endif # endif // WIN32 #ifndef GEORGERINGO_DECL # define GEORGERINGO_DECL #endif // Prints "George, and Ringo\n" #ifdef __MWERKS__ # pragma export on #endif GEORGERINGO_DECL void georgeringo( ); #ifdef __MWERKS__ # pragma export off #endif #endif // GEORGERINGO_HPP_INCLUDED // libgeorgeringo/ georgeringo.cpp #include "george.hpp" #include "ringo.hpp" #include "georgeringo.hpp" void georgeringo( ) { george( ); ringo( ); } Project 3: Executable that depends on the previous libraries Lastly, I try to link the aforecompiled static and dynamic libraries into one project called "helloBeatlesII" which has the project directory "C:\helloBeatlesII" (note that this directory does not nest the other project directories). The linking process that I did is described below: To the "helloBeatlesII" solution, I added the solutions "libjohnpaul" and "libgeorgeringo"; then I changed the properties of the "helloBeatlesII" project to additionally point to the include directories of the other two projects on which it depends ("C:\libgeorgeringo\libgeorgeringo" & "C:\libjohnpaul\libjohnpaul"); added "libgeorgeringo" and "libjohnpaul" to the project dependencies of the "helloBeatlesII" project and made sure that the "helloBeatlesII" project was built last. Trying to compile this project gives me the following unsuccessful build: 1------ Build started: Project: helloBeatlesII, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------ 1Build started 10/13/2012 5:48:32 PM. 1InitializeBuildStatus: 1 Touching "Debug\helloBeatlesII.unsuccessfulbuild". 1ClCompile: 1 helloBeatles.cpp 1ManifestResourceCompile: 1 All outputs are up-to-date. 1helloBeatles.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "void __cdecl georgeringo(void)" (?georgeringo@@YAXXZ) referenced in function _main 1helloBeatles.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "void __cdecl johnpaul(void)" (?johnpaul@@YAXXZ) referenced in function _main 1E:\programming\cpp\vs-projects\cpp-cookbook\helloBeatlesII\Debug\helloBeatlesII.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 2 unresolved externals 1 1Build FAILED. 1 1Time Elapsed 00:00:01.34 ========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 2 up-to-date, 0 skipped ========== At this point I decided to call in the cavalry. I am new to VS2010, so in all likelihood I am missing something straightforward.

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  • DirectShow: Video-Preview and Image (with working code)

    - by xsl
    Questions / Issues If someone can recommend me a good free hosting site I can provide the whole project file. As mentioned in the text below the TakePicture() method is not working properly on the HTC HD 2 device. It would be nice if someone could look at the code below and tell me if it is right or wrong what I'm doing. Introduction I recently asked a question about displaying a video preview, taking camera image and rotating a video stream with DirectShow. The tricky thing about the topic is, that it's very hard to find good examples and the documentation and the framework itself is very hard to understand for someone who is new to windows programming and C++ in general. Nevertheless I managed to create a class that implements most of this features and probably works with most mobile devices. Probably because the DirectShow implementation depends a lot on the device itself. I could only test it with the HTC HD and HTC HD2, which are known as quite incompatible. HTC HD Working: Video preview, writing photo to file Not working: Set video resolution (CRASH), set photo resolution (LOW quality) HTC HD 2 Working: Set video resolution, set photo resolution Problematic: Video Preview rotated Not working: Writing photo to file To make it easier for others by providing a working example, I decided to share everything I have got so far below. I removed all of the error handling for the sake of simplicity. As far as documentation goes, I can recommend you to read the MSDN documentation, after that the code below is pretty straight forward. void Camera::Init() { CreateComObjects(); _captureGraphBuilder->SetFiltergraph(_filterGraph); InitializeVideoFilter(); InitializeStillImageFilter(); } Dipslay a video preview (working with any tested handheld): void Camera::DisplayVideoPreview(HWND windowHandle) { IVideoWindow *_vidWin; _filterGraph->QueryInterface(IID_IMediaControl,(void **) &_mediaControl); _filterGraph->QueryInterface(IID_IVideoWindow, (void **) &_vidWin); _videoCaptureFilter->QueryInterface(IID_IAMVideoControl, (void**) &_videoControl); _captureGraphBuilder->RenderStream(&PIN_CATEGORY_PREVIEW, &MEDIATYPE_Video, _videoCaptureFilter, NULL, NULL); CRect rect; long width, height; GetClientRect(windowHandle, &rect); _vidWin->put_Owner((OAHWND)windowHandle); _vidWin->put_WindowStyle(WS_CHILD | WS_CLIPSIBLINGS); _vidWin->get_Width(&width); _vidWin->get_Height(&height); height = rect.Height(); _vidWin->put_Height(height); _vidWin->put_Width(rect.Width()); _vidWin->SetWindowPosition(0,0, rect.Width(), height); _mediaControl->Run(); } HTC HD2: If set SetPhotoResolution() is called FindPin will return E_FAIL. If not, it will create a file full of null bytes. HTC HD: Works void Camera::TakePicture(WCHAR *fileName) { CComPtr<IFileSinkFilter> fileSink; CComPtr<IPin> stillPin; CComPtr<IUnknown> unknownCaptureFilter; CComPtr<IAMVideoControl> videoControl; _imageSinkFilter.QueryInterface(&fileSink); fileSink->SetFileName(fileName, NULL); _videoCaptureFilter.QueryInterface(&unknownCaptureFilter); _captureGraphBuilder->FindPin(unknownCaptureFilter, PINDIR_OUTPUT, &PIN_CATEGORY_STILL, &MEDIATYPE_Video, FALSE, 0, &stillPin); _videoCaptureFilter.QueryInterface(&videoControl); videoControl->SetMode(stillPin, VideoControlFlag_Trigger); } Set resolution: Works great on HTC HD2. HTC HD won't allow SetVideoResolution() and only offers one low resolution photo resolution: void Camera::SetVideoResolution(int width, int height) { SetResolution(true, width, height); } void Camera::SetPhotoResolution(int width, int height) { SetResolution(false, width, height); } void Camera::SetResolution(bool video, int width, int height) { IAMStreamConfig *config; config = NULL; if (video) { _captureGraphBuilder->FindInterface(&PIN_CATEGORY_PREVIEW, &MEDIATYPE_Video, _videoCaptureFilter, IID_IAMStreamConfig, (void**) &config); } else { _captureGraphBuilder->FindInterface(&PIN_CATEGORY_STILL, &MEDIATYPE_Video, _videoCaptureFilter, IID_IAMStreamConfig, (void**) &config); } int resolutions, size; VIDEO_STREAM_CONFIG_CAPS caps; config->GetNumberOfCapabilities(&resolutions, &size); for (int i = 0; i < resolutions; i++) { AM_MEDIA_TYPE *mediaType; if (config->GetStreamCaps(i, &mediaType, reinterpret_cast<BYTE*>(&caps)) == S_OK ) { int maxWidth = caps.MaxOutputSize.cx; int maxHeigth = caps.MaxOutputSize.cy; if(maxWidth == width && maxHeigth == height) { VIDEOINFOHEADER *info = reinterpret_cast<VIDEOINFOHEADER*>(mediaType->pbFormat); info->bmiHeader.biWidth = maxWidth; info->bmiHeader.biHeight = maxHeigth; info->bmiHeader.biSizeImage = DIBSIZE(info->bmiHeader); config->SetFormat(mediaType); DeleteMediaType(mediaType); break; } DeleteMediaType(mediaType); } } } Other methods used to build the filter graph and create the COM objects: void Camera::CreateComObjects() { CoInitialize(NULL); CoCreateInstance(CLSID_CaptureGraphBuilder, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_ICaptureGraphBuilder2, (void **) &_captureGraphBuilder); CoCreateInstance(CLSID_FilterGraph, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IGraphBuilder, (void **) &_filterGraph); CoCreateInstance(CLSID_VideoCapture, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC, IID_IBaseFilter, (void**) &_videoCaptureFilter); CoCreateInstance(CLSID_IMGSinkFilter, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC, IID_IBaseFilter, (void**) &_imageSinkFilter); } void Camera::InitializeVideoFilter() { _videoCaptureFilter->QueryInterface(&_propertyBag); wchar_t deviceName[MAX_PATH] = L"\0"; GetDeviceName(deviceName); CComVariant comName = deviceName; CPropertyBag propertyBag; propertyBag.Write(L"VCapName", &comName); _propertyBag->Load(&propertyBag, NULL); _filterGraph->AddFilter(_videoCaptureFilter, L"Video Capture Filter Source"); } void Camera::InitializeStillImageFilter() { _filterGraph->AddFilter(_imageSinkFilter, L"Still image filter"); _captureGraphBuilder->RenderStream(&PIN_CATEGORY_STILL, &MEDIATYPE_Video, _videoCaptureFilter, NULL, _imageSinkFilter); } void Camera::GetDeviceName(WCHAR *deviceName) { HRESULT hr = S_OK; HANDLE handle = NULL; DEVMGR_DEVICE_INFORMATION di; GUID guidCamera = { 0xCB998A05, 0x122C, 0x4166, 0x84, 0x6A, 0x93, 0x3E, 0x4D, 0x7E, 0x3C, 0x86 }; di.dwSize = sizeof(di); handle = FindFirstDevice(DeviceSearchByGuid, &guidCamera, &di); StringCchCopy(deviceName, MAX_PATH, di.szLegacyName); } Full header file: #ifndef __CAMERA_H__ #define __CAMERA_H__ class Camera { public: void Init(); void DisplayVideoPreview(HWND windowHandle); void TakePicture(WCHAR *fileName); void SetVideoResolution(int width, int height); void SetPhotoResolution(int width, int height); private: CComPtr<ICaptureGraphBuilder2> _captureGraphBuilder; CComPtr<IGraphBuilder> _filterGraph; CComPtr<IBaseFilter> _videoCaptureFilter; CComPtr<IPersistPropertyBag> _propertyBag; CComPtr<IMediaControl> _mediaControl; CComPtr<IAMVideoControl> _videoControl; CComPtr<IBaseFilter> _imageSinkFilter; void GetDeviceName(WCHAR *deviceName); void InitializeVideoFilter(); void InitializeStillImageFilter(); void CreateComObjects(); void SetResolution(bool video, int width, int height); }; #endif

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  • C++: How to build an events / messaging system without void pointers?

    - by Jarx
    I'd like to have a dynamic messaging system in my C++ project, one where there is a fixed list of existing events, events can be triggered anywhere during runtime, and where you can subscribe callback functions to certain events. There should be an option for arguments passed around in those events. For example, one event might not need any arguments (EVENT_EXIT), and some may need multiple ones (EVENT_PLAYER_CHAT: Player object pointer, String with message) The first option for making this possible is allowing to pass a void pointer as argument to the event manager when triggering an event, and receiving it in the callback function. Although: I was told that void pointers are unsafe and I shouldn't use them. How can I keep (semi) dynamic argument types and counts for my events whilst not using void pointers?

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  • 47 memory leaks. STL pointers.

    - by icelated
    I have a major amount of memory leaks. I know that the Sets have pointers and i cannot change that! I cannot change anything, but clean up the mess i have... I am creating memory with new in just about every function to add information to the sets. I have a Cd/ DVD/book: super classes of ITEM class and a library class.. In the library class i have 2 functions for cleaning up the sets.. Also, the CD, DVD, book destructors are not being called.. here is my potential leaks.. library.h #pragma once #include <ostream> #include <map> #include <set> #include <string> #include "Item.h" using namespace std; typedef set<Item*> ItemSet; typedef map<string,Item*> ItemMap; typedef map<string,ItemSet*> ItemSetMap; class Library { public: // general functions void addKeywordForItem(const Item* const item, const string& keyword); const ItemSet* itemsForKeyword(const string& keyword) const; void printItem(ostream& out, const Item* const item) const; // book-related functions const Item* addBook(const string& title, const string& author, int const nPages); const ItemSet* booksByAuthor(const string& author) const; const ItemSet* books() const; // music-related functions const Item* addMusicCD(const string& title, const string& band, const int nSongs); void addBandMember(const Item* const musicCD, const string& member); const ItemSet* musicByBand(const string& band) const; const ItemSet* musicByMusician(const string& musician) const; const ItemSet* musicCDs() const; // movie-related functions const Item* addMovieDVD(const string& title, const string& director, const int nScenes); void addCastMember(const Item* const movie, const string& member); const ItemSet* moviesByDirector(const string& director) const; const ItemSet* moviesByActor(const string& actor) const; const ItemSet* movies() const; ~Library(); void Purge(ItemSet &set); void Purge(ItemSetMap &map); }; here is some functions for adding info using new in library. Keep in mind i am cutting out alot of code to keep this post short. library.cpp #include "Library.h" #include "book.h" #include "cd.h" #include "dvd.h" #include <iostream> // general functions ItemSet allBooks; ItemSet allCDS; ItemSet allDVDs; ItemSetMap allBooksByAuthor; ItemSetMap allmoviesByDirector; ItemSetMap allmoviesByActor; ItemSetMap allMusicByBand; ItemSetMap allMusicByMusician; const ItemSet* Library::itemsForKeyword(const string& keyword) const { const StringSet* kw; ItemSet* obj = new ItemSet(); return obj; const Item* Library::addBook(const string& title, const string& author, const int nPages) { ItemSet* obj = new ItemSet(); Book* item = new Book(title,author,nPages); allBooks.insert(item); // add to set of all books obj->insert(item); return item; const Item* Library::addMusicCD(const string& title, const string& band, const int nSongs) { ItemSet* obj = new ItemSet(); CD* item = new CD(title,band,nSongs); return item; void Library::addBandMember(const Item* musicCD, const string& member) { ItemSet* obj = new ItemSet(); (((CD*) musicCD)->addBandMember(member)); obj->insert((CD*) musicCD); here is the library destructor..... Library::~Library() { Purge(allBooks); Purge(allCDS); Purge(allDVDs); Purge(allBooksByAuthor); Purge(allmoviesByDirector); Purge(allmoviesByActor); Purge(allMusicByBand); Purge(allMusicByMusician); } void Library::Purge(ItemSet &set) { for (ItemSet::iterator it = set.begin(); it != set.end(); ++it) delete *it; set.clear(); } void Library::Purge(ItemSetMap &map) { for (ItemSetMap::iterator it = map.begin(); it != map.end(); ++it) delete it->second; map.clear(); } so, basically item, cd, dvd class all have a set like this: typedef set<string> StringSet; class CD : public Item StringSet* music; and i am deleting it like: but those superclasses are not being called.. Item destructor is. CD::~CD() { delete music; } Do, i need a copy constructor? and how do i delete those objects i am creating in the library class? and how can i get the cd,dvd, destructor called? would the addbandmember function located in the library.cpp cause me to have a copy constructor? Any real help you can provide me to help me clean up this mess instead of telling me not to use pointers in my sets i would really appreciate. How can i delete the memory i am creating in those functions? I cannot delete them in the function!!

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