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  • sys.stdout not reassigning to sys.__stdout__

    - by Vince
    I'm pretty new to Python so I am still just learning the language. One of the things I came across was reassigning sys.stdout to change the default output of print. So I wrote this as a test: import sys sys.stdout = open('log.txt','a') print('hey') sys.stdout.close() sys.stdout = sys.__stdout__ print('hi') Now the string 'hi' is not written to the file but it does not show in the default output either. When I assign some other variable to sys.stdout in the beginning and change it back it works, but I'm just wondering why its not changing back the first time.

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  • Commands to run programs using .NET

    - by Arjun Vasudevan
    In case I have .NET framework installed in my computer + all the necessary other language support(Perl Interpreter etc) What are the commands I should give in the console to run programs in the following languages: 1. C 2. C++ 3. Java 4. Python 5. VB 6. C# 7. Perl 8. Ruby Like we have for VB- vbc .vb, what are the commands to run other languages?

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  • Which Dependency Injection Tool Should I Use? (2)

    - by Mendy
    The original post is: Which Dependency Injection Tool Should I Use? While the original post is good, in this days I see a lot of people using StructureMap as their Dependency Injection tool, and in the original post no one even took it seriously. In addition, this quote: If I had to choose today: I would probably go with StructureMap. It has the best support for C# 3.0 language features, and the most flexibility in initialization. Which Dependency Injection Tool Should I Use? Out of this ones: Unity Framework - Microsoft StructureMap - Jeremy Miller Castle Windsor NInject Spring Framework Autofac Managed Extensibility Framework

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  • Write data to an xml file.

    - by Bobby
    My aim is to write an XML file with few tags whose values are the regional language. I'm using Python to do this and using IDLE(Pythong GUI) for programming. While I try to write the words in an xmls file it gives the following error. UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 0-4: ordinal not in range(128) For now, I'm not using any xml writer library instead I'm opening a file "test.xml" and writing the data into it. This error is encountered by the line: f.write("\t\" + data + "\"). If I replace the above write statement with print statement then it prints the data properly on Python Shell. I'm reading the data from an excel file which is not in the UTF8,16, or 32 encoding formats. Its in some other format. cp1252 is reading the data properly. Any help in getting this data writtent oan xml would be highly appreciated. Thanks in advance. Bob

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  • Laws of Computer Science and Programming

    - by Jonas
    We have Amdahl's law that basically states that if your program is 10% sequential you can get a maximum 10x performance boost by parallelizing your application. Another one is Wadler's law which states that In any language design, the total time spent discussing a feature in this list is proportional to two raised to the power of its position. 0. Semantics 1. Syntax 2. Lexical syntax 3. Lexical syntax of comments My question is this: What are the most important (or at least significant / funny but true / sad but true) laws of Computer Science and programming? I want named laws, and not random theorems, So an answer should look something like Surname's (law|theorem|conjecture|corollary...) Please state the law in your answer, and not only a link. Edit: The name of the law does not need to contain it's inventors surname. But I do want to know who stated (and perhaps proved) the law

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  • Size of int in C on different architectures

    - by NawaMan
    I am aware that the specification of the C language does not dictate the exact size of each integer type (e.g., int). What I am wondering is: Is there a way in C (not C++) to define an integer type with a specific size that ensures it will be the same across different architectures? Like: typedef int8 <an integer with 8 bits> typedef int16 <an integer with 16 bits> Or any other way that will allow other parts of the program to be compiled on different architecture.

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  • postgres - ERROR: syntax error at or near "COST"

    - by cino21122
    EDIT Taking COST 100 out made the command go through, however, I'm still unable to run my query because it yields this error: ERROR: function group_concat(character) does not exist HINT: No function matches the given name and argument types. You may need to add explicit type casts. The query I'm running is this: select tpid, group_concat(z) as z, group_concat(cast(r as char(2))) as r, group_concat(to_char(datecreated,'DD-Mon-YYYY HH12:MI am')) as datecreated, group_concat(to_char(datemodified,'DD-Mon-YYYY HH12:MI am')) as datemodified from tpids group by tpid order by tpid, zip This function seems to work fine locally, but moving it online yields this error... Is there something I'm missing? CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION group_concat(text, text) RETURNS text AS $BODY$ SELECT CASE WHEN $2 IS NULL THEN $1 WHEN $1 IS NULL THEN $2 ELSE $1 operator(pg_catalog.||) ',' operator(pg_catalog.||) $2 END $BODY$ LANGUAGE 'sql' IMMUTABLE COST 100; ALTER FUNCTION group_concat(text, text) OWNER TO j76dd3;

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  • What are the real-world benefits of declarative-UI languages such as XAML and QML?

    - by Stu Mackellar
    I'm currently evaluating QtQuick (Qt User Interface Creation Kit) which will be released as part of Qt 4.7. QML is the JavaScript-based declarative language behind QtQuick. It seems to be a very powerful concept, but I'm wondering if anybody that's made extensive use of other, more mature declarative-UI languages like XAML in WPF or Silverlight can give any insight into the real-world benefits that can be gained from this style of programming. Various advantages are often cited: Speed of development Forces separation between presentation and logic Better integration between coders and designers UI changes don't require re-compilation Also, are there any downsides? A few potential areas of concern spring to mind: Execution speed Memory usage Added complexity Are there any other considerations that should be taken into account?

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  • How do I prevent a user to use each *.php?cat='

    - by shakur
    I got one form ... each category has different ID... Example:- http://localhost/control/newdpppage/...bank.php?cat=3 http://localhost/control/newdpppage/...bank.php?cat=4 Each user after login they go to the page assigned for them ... -The Question.. How do i prevent User1 that can see cat=3 to see the data on cat=4 assigned for User2. Thank you I use for that JavaScript JavaScript Code: <SCRIPT language=JavaScript>function reload(form){var val=form.cat.options[form.cat.options.selectedIndex].valueself.location='dpp_add_lorthbankphp?cat=' + val;}</script>

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  • mod_rewrite and pretty urls

    - by Peeter
    What I'm trying to achieve: 1) http://localhost/en/script.php?param1=random is mapped to http://localhost/script.php?param1=random&language=English This has to work always. 2) http://localhost/en/random/text/here will be mapped to http://localhost/categories.php?term=random/text/here This has to work if random/text/here is 404 What I have at the moment: RewriteEngine on RewriteCond substr(%{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^en/(.+)$ categories.php?lang=English&terms=$1 [L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^ee/(.+)$ categories.php?lang=Estonian&terms=$1 [L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^fi/(.+)$ categories.php?lang=Finnish&terms=$1 [L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^ru/(.+)$ categories.php?lang=Russian&terms=$1 [L] RewriteRule ^en/(.*) $1?lang=English&%{QUERY_STRING} [L] RewriteRule ^ee/(.*) $1?lang=Estonian&%{QUERY_STRING} [L] RewriteRule ^ru/(.*) $1?lang=Russian&%{QUERY_STRING} [L] RewriteRule ^fi/(.*) $1?lang=Finnish&%{QUERY_STRING} [L] What I've thought: substr(%{REQUEST_FILENAME},3) would fix my problem (as currently /ee/index.php is literally mapped to /ee/index.php instead of just /index.php) Unfortunately I couldn't find a way to manipulate strings :/

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  • When is assembler faster than C?

    - by Adam Bellaire
    One of the stated reasons for knowing assembler is that, on occasion, it can be employed to write code that will be more performant than writing that code in a higher-level language, C in particular. However, I've also heard it stated many times that although that's not entirely false, the cases where assembler can actually be used to generate more performant code are both extremely rare and require expert knowledge of and experience with assembler. This question doesn't even get into the fact that assembler instructions will be machine-specific and non-portable, or any of the other aspects of assembler. There are plenty of good reasons for knowing assembler besides this one, of course, but this is meant to be a specific question soliciting examples and data, not an extended discourse on assembler versus higher-level languages. Can anyone provide some specific examples of cases where assembler will be faster than well-written C code using a modern compiler, and can you support that claim with profiling evidence? I am pretty confident these cases exist, but I really want to know exactly how esoteric these cases are, since it seems to be a point of some contention.

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  • Include a c# file in aspx page

    - by BeraCim
    Hi all: I have an aspx page that has a @Page directive which points to a c# class. e.g. <@ Page Language="C#" EnableSessionState="true" ValidateRequest="False" Inherits="MyClass" %> MyClass extends Page, which is the code behind class for that aspx page. Now I want to add another class to the aspx page. This class does some processing and will redirect the user to another page if certain conditions are met. It will be called before the above directive. I tried adding another @Page directive, but gotten an unknown error (literally). I'm thinking that there can only be one code behind class per aspx page so I got the error when I added another one. Googling such question didnt really help me with the answer. So, how do I add another c# class to the same aspx page? Thanks.

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  • How to implement List, Set, and Map in null free design?

    - by Pyrolistical
    Its great when you can return a null/empty object in most cases to avoid nulls, but what about Collection like objects? In Java, Map returns null if key in get(key) is not found in the map. The best way I can think of to avoid nulls in this situation is to return an Entry<T> object, which is either the EmptyEntry<T>, or contains the value T. Sure we avoid the null, but now you can have a class cast exception if you don't check if its an EmptyEntry<T>. Is there a better way to avoid nulls in Map's get(K)? And for argument sake, let's say this language don't even have null, so don't say just use nulls.

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  • Can Cython compile to an EXE?

    - by ThantiK
    I know what Cythons purpose is. It's to write compilable C extensions in a Python-like language in order to produce speedups in your code. What I would like to know (and can't seem to find using my google-fu) is if Cython can somehow compile into an executable format since it already seems to break python code down into C. I already use Py2Exe, which is just a packager, but am interested in using this to compile down to something that is a little harder to unpack (Anything packed using Py2EXE can basically just be extracted using 7zip which I do not want) It seems if this is not possible my next alternative would just be to compile all my code and load it as a module and then package that using py2exe at least getting most of my code into compiled form, right?

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  • Why don't these class attributes register?

    - by slypete
    I have a factory method that generates django form classes like so: def get_indicator_form(indicator, patient): class IndicatorForm(forms.Form): #These don't work! indicator_id = forms.IntegerField(initial=indicator.id, widget=forms.HiddenInput()) patient_id = forms.IntegerField(initial=patient.id, widget=forms.HiddenInput()) def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): forms.Form.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs) self.indicator = indicator self.patient = patient #These do! setattr(IndicatorForm, 'indicator_id', forms.IntegerField(initial=indicator.id, widget=forms.HiddenInput())) setattr(IndicatorForm, 'patient_id', forms.IntegerField(initial=patient.id, widget=forms.HiddenInput())) for field in indicator.indicatorfield_set.all(): setattr(IndicatorForm, field.name, copy(field.get_field_type())) return type('IndicatorForm', (forms.Form,), dict(IndicatorForm.__dict__)) I'm trying to understand why the top form field declarations don't work, but the setattr method below does work. I'm fairly new to python, so I suspect it's some language feature that I'm misunderstanding. Can you help me understand why the field declarations at the top of the class don't add the fields to the class? In a possibly related note, when these classes are instantiated, instance.media returns nothing even though some fields have widgets with associated media. Thanks, Pete

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  • Grafting Scala 2.8 into a Netbeans NBAndroid Project...What steps am I missing?

    - by Michael Kohout
    Hi All; Due to Apple's recent T+C hijinks, I've become interested in developing for Android. Anyways, I'm trying to get a mixed-language Android 2.1 project going in Netbeans 6.8 (with the NBAndroid 0.10 plugin). The two languages being Java and Scala(2.8 head build). To give you a basic idea of what the app does right now, it's just a simple "Hello World" app. To get this to build, I've modified the projects's build.xml file: -- -injars ${scala-library}(!META-INF/MANIFEST.MF,!library.properties) -outjars "${build.classes.dir}/classes.min.jar" -libraryjars "${file.reference.android.jar}" -dontwarn -dontoptimize -dontobfuscate -keep public class * extends android.app.Activity -keep public class scala.xml.include.sax.Main** I've gotten the project so that it'll build, but it errors on startup in my Android Emulator(inside the emulator Android tells me my application has stopped unexpectedly). So my questions are: Does anyone see what I may be doing wrong? And is there any way to get access to the logs that the emulator must create? thanks Mike Kohout

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  • 2d terrain generation in real time

    - by Skoder
    Hey, I'm trying to create a game similar to this (Note:When you click 'play', there are SFX in the game which you can't seem to turn off, so you may want to check volume). In particular, I'm interested in knowing how the 'infinite' landscape is generated. Are there any tutorials/articles describing this? I came across procedural generation, but I'm not quite sure what topics I should be looking for (or if it's even procedural generation). (I'm using C#, but I don't mind the language as I assume the theory behind it remains the same) Thanks for any suggestions

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  • Can a user connect to my web site using an Orkut account ? Like Facebook Connect but for Orkut

    - by preguntón
    Can a user connect to my web site using an Orkut account ? Just like Google Friend Connect or Facebook, but with Orkut. The idea is, the user goes to my web site, I have a "Connect using Orkut" button there, on click takes him to the Orkut login page, once s/he logins and grants access to my app, get's redirected to my web site with the Orkut ID as a parameter. The same procedure that works for Google Friend Connect and also Facebook Connect.... I haven't seen an example of this with Orkut. Can it be done ? Is there an Orkut Connect or similar ? If there is one such example could you please give me a link to it ? A sample in c# would be excellent, but I would be happy with a sample in any language. Any help will be appreciated

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  • PHP Interview questions

    - by David
    Hi, does anyone have any thoughts on what would be considered good technicaly interviews for new php programmers. Im not meaning the little questions that are intended to know language specific intricacies but more on larger interview questions that potential employees may take an hour or 2 to solve in their own time and then come back with. Specifically im looking at PHP and object orientated but are there any ideas on suitable problems that a php programmer should be able to solve within a couple of hours? I am thinking that I want to have demonstrated object orientated techniques and also unit testing capabilities but as for that it can be anything.

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  • HMAC SHA1 ColdFusion

    - by Chris
    Please help! I have been pulling out my hair over this one. :) I have a site that I need to HMAC SHA1 for authentication. It currently works with another language but now I need to move it to ColdFusion. For the life of me I cannot get the strings to match. Any assistance would be much appreciated. Data: https%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Etestwebsite%2Ecom%3Fid%3D5447 Key: 265D5C01D1B4C8FA28DC55C113B4D21005BB2B348859F674977B24E0F37C81B05FAE85FB75EA9CF53ABB9A174C59D98C7A61E2985026D2AA70AE4452A6E3F2F9 Correct answer: WJd%2BKxmFxGWdbw4xQJZXd3%2FHkFQ%3d My answer: knIVr6wIt6%2Fl7mBJPTTbwQoTIb8%3d Both are Base64 encoded and then URL encoded.

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  • How can I provide a different rendering target to Direct2D?

    - by fingerprint211b
    I'm using Direct2D in C# to render a small gui framework for my research project. I'm not very used to working on Windows or with DirectX. I'm using a Windows Forms control to create a render target, and msdn warns that since it uses BindDC, a the larger the rendering target, the worse the performance will be (which turned out to be a dramatic difference, when I maximize the window, I get around 15 fps). What would be a better way to create a render target for Direct2D? Is there a way to create a window and render directly to it, instead of rendering to a control's buffer first, and then rendering that? If so, how? Sorry if my English sucks, not my native language.

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  • 'Design By Contract' in C#

    - by IAmCodeMonkey
    I wanted to try a little design by contract in my latest C# application and wanted to have syntax akin to: public string Foo() { set { Assert.IsNotNull(value); Assert.IsTrue(value.Contains("bar")); _foo = value; } } I know I can get static methods like this from a unit test framework, but I wanted to know if something like this was already built-in to the language or if there was already some kind of framework floating around. I can write my own Assert functions, just don't want to reinvent the wheel.

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  • Resources for Programmatic Rendering of Topology Maps

    - by bn
    Servus, Do you know of any frameworks, APIS, languages, or other resources that are well suited for drawing topology maps that allow a user to interact with objects on the map? I am not constrained by language choice and the program can be web-based, or stand-alone. I thought I would check before rolling my own. My goal is not to draw cartographic maps, but more like this picture: http://www.fineconnection.com/files/images/GraphicalNM.PNG, or if you are familiar with Edward Tufte's books, the data-visualization mechanisms he describes such as a map of a metro or subway. Also, if you have had any experience rendering these types of user interfaces or usage of underlying datastructures, I would be grateful to hear any thoughts you have on the subject, advice, any "gotchas." Thank you very for your time, -bn

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  • Why the good append syntax is so ugly, asks python newbie

    - by Cawas
    Now following my series of "python newbie questions" and based on another question. Go to http://python.net/~goodger/projects/pycon/2007/idiomatic/handout.html#other-languages-have-variables and scroll down to "Default Parameter Values". There you can find the following: def bad_append(new_item, a_list=[]): a_list.append(new_item) return a_list def good_append(new_item, a_list=None): if a_list is None: a_list = [] a_list.append(new_item) return a_list So, question here is: why is the "good" syntax over a known issue ugly like that in a programming language that promotes "elegant syntax" and "easy-to-use"? Why not just something in the definition itself, that the "argument" name is attached to a "localized" mutable object like: def better_append(new_item, a_list=[].local): a_list.append(new_item) return a_list I'm sure there would be a better way to do this syntax, but I'm also almost positive there's a good reason to why it hasn't been done. So, anyone happens to know why?

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  • What does this xkcd code do?

    - by cobbal
    On the xkcd site today, the following appeared as a joke in a <script language="scheme"> tag so what does the following code do / represent? (define (eval exp env) (cond ((self-evaluating? exp) exp) ((variable? exp) (lookup-variable-value exp env)) ((quoted? exp) (text-of-quotation exp)) ((assignment? exp) (eval-assignment exp env)) ((definition? exp) (eval-definition exp env)) ((if? exp) (eval-if exp env)) ((lambda? exp) (make-procedure (lambda-parameters exp) (lambda-body exp) env)) ((begin? exp) (eval-sequence (begin-actions exp) env)) ((cond? exp) (eval (cond->if exp) env)) ((application? exp) (apply (eval (operator exp) env) (list-of-values (operands exp) env))) (else (error "Common Lisp or Netscape Navigator 4.0+ Required" exp))))

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