Replace conditional with polymorphism refactoring or similar?
- by Anders Svensson
Hi,
I have tried to ask a variant of this question before. I got some helpful answers, but still nothing that felt quite right to me. It seems to me this shouldn't really be that hard a nut to crack, but I'm not able to find an elegant simple solution. (Here's my previous post, but please try to look at the problem stated here as procedural code first so as not to be influenced by the earlier explanation which seemed to lead to very complicated solutions: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2772858/design-pattern-for-cost-calculator-app )
Basically, the problem is to create a calculator for hours needed for projects that can contain a number of services. In this case "writing" and "analysis". The hours are calculated differently for the different services: writing is calculated by multiplying a "per product" hour rate with the number of products, and the more products are included in the project, the lower the hour rate is, but the total number of hours is accumulated progressively (i.e. for a medium-sized project you take both the small range pricing and then add the medium range pricing up to the number of actual products). Whereas for analysis it's much simpler, it is just a bulk rate for each size range.
How would you be able to refactor this into an elegant and preferably simple object-oriented version (please note that I would never write it like this in a purely procedural manner, this is just to show the problem in another way succinctly).
I have been thinking in terms of factory, strategy and decorator patterns, but can't get any to work well. (I read Head First Design Patterns a while back, and both the decorator and factory patterns described have some similarities to this problem, but I have trouble seeing them as good solutions as stated there. The decorator example seems very complicated for just adding condiments, but maybe it could work better here, I don't know. And the factory pattern example with the pizza factory...well it just seems to create such a ridiculous explosion of classes, at least in their example. I have found good use for factory patterns before, but I can't see how I could use it here without getting a really complicated set of classes)
The main goal would be to only have to change in one place (loose coupling etc) if I were to add a new parameter (say another size, like XSMALL, and/or another service, like "Administration"). Here's the procedural code example:
public class Conditional
{
private int _numberOfManuals;
private string _serviceType;
private const int SMALL = 2;
private const int MEDIUM = 8;
public int GetHours()
{
if (_numberOfManuals <= SMALL)
{
if (_serviceType == "writing")
return 30 * _numberOfManuals;
if (_serviceType == "analysis")
return 10;
}
else if (_numberOfManuals <= MEDIUM)
{
if (_serviceType == "writing")
return (SMALL * 30) + (20 * _numberOfManuals - SMALL);
if (_serviceType == "analysis")
return 20;
}
else //i.e. LARGE
{
if (_serviceType == "writing")
return (SMALL * 30) + (20 * (MEDIUM - SMALL)) + (10 * _numberOfManuals - MEDIUM);
if (_serviceType == "analysis")
return 30;
}
return 0; //Just a default fallback for this contrived example
}
}
All replies are appreciated! I hope someone has a really elegant solution to this problem that I actually thought from the beginning would be really simple...
Regards,
Anders
