static analysis - Page 376

Pre-filtering and shaping OData feeds using WCF Data Services and the Entity Framework - Part 1

- by rajbk

The Open Data Protocol, referred to as OData, is a new data-sharing standard that breaks down silos and fosters an interoperative ecosystem for data consumers (clients) and producers (services) that is far more powerful than currently possible. It enables more applications to make sense of a broader set of data, and helps every data service and client add value to the whole ecosystem. WCF Data Services (previously known as ADO.NET Data Services), then, was the first Microsoft technology to support the Open Data Protocol in Visual Studio 2008 SP1. It provides developers with client libraries for .NET, Silverlight, AJAX, PHP and Java. Microsoft now also supports OData in SQL Server 2008 R2, Windows Azure Storage, Excel 2010 (through PowerPivot), and SharePoint 2010. Many other other applications in the works. * This post walks you through how to create an OData feed, define a shape for the data and pre-filter the data using Visual Studio 2010, WCF Data Services and the Entity Framework. A sample project is attached at the bottom of Part 2 of this post. Pre-filtering and shaping OData feeds using WCF Data Services and the Entity Framework - Part 2 Create the Web Application File –› New –› Project, Select “ASP.NET Empty Web Application” Add the Entity Data Model Right click on the Web Application in the Solution Explorer and select “Add New Item..” Select “ADO.NET Entity Data Model” under "Data”. Name the Model “Northwind” and click “Add”. In the “Choose Model Contents”, select “Generate Model From Database” and click “Next” Define a connection to your database containing the Northwind database in the next screen. We are going to expose the Products table through our OData feed. Select “Products” in the “Choose your Database Object” screen. Click “Finish”. We are done creating our Entity Data Model. Save the Northwind.edmx file created. Add the WCF Data Service Right click on the Web Application in the Solution Explorer and select “Add New Item..” Select “WCF Data Service” from the list and call the service “DataService” (creative, huh?). Click “Add”. Enable Access to the Data Service Open the DataService.svc.cs class. The class is well commented and instructs us on the next steps. public class DataService : DataService< /* TODO: put your data source class name here */ > { // This method is called only once to initialize service-wide policies. public static void InitializeService(DataServiceConfiguration config) { // TODO: set rules to indicate which entity sets and service operations are visible, updatable, etc. // Examples: // config.SetEntitySetAccessRule("MyEntityset", EntitySetRights.AllRead); // config.SetServiceOperationAccessRule("MyServiceOperation", ServiceOperationRights.All); config.DataServiceBehavior.MaxProtocolVersion = DataServiceProtocolVersion.V2; } } Replace the comment that starts with “/* TODO:” with “NorthwindEntities” (the entity container name of the Model we created earlier). WCF Data Services is initially locked down by default, FTW! No data is exposed without you explicitly setting it. You have explicitly specify which Entity sets you wish to expose and what rights are allowed by using the SetEntitySetAccessRule. The SetServiceOperationAccessRule on the other hand sets rules for a specified operation. Let us define an access rule to expose the Products Entity we created earlier. We use the EnititySetRights.AllRead since we want to give read only access. Our modified code is shown below. public class DataService : DataService<NorthwindEntities> { public static void InitializeService(DataServiceConfiguration config) { config.SetEntitySetAccessRule("Products", EntitySetRights.AllRead); config.DataServiceBehavior.MaxProtocolVersion = DataServiceProtocolVersion.V2; } } We are done setting up our ODataFeed! Compile your project. Right click on DataService.svc and select “View in Browser” to see the OData feed. To view the feed in IE, you must make sure that "Feed Reading View" is turned off. You set this under Tools -› Internet Options -› Content tab. If you navigate to “Products”, you should see the Products feed. Note also that URIs are case sensitive. ie. Products work but products doesn’t. Filtering our data OData has a set of system query operations you can use to perform common operations against data exposed by the model. For example, to see only Products in CategoryID 2, we can use the following request: /DataService.svc/Products?$filter=CategoryID eq 2 At the time of this writing, supported operations are $orderby, $top, $skip, $filter, $expand, $format†, $select, $inlinecount. Pre-filtering our data using Query Interceptors The Product feed currently returns all Products. We want to change that so that it contains only Products that have not been discontinued. WCF introduces the concept of interceptors which allows us to inject custom validation/policy logic into the request/response pipeline of a WCF data service. We will use a QueryInterceptor to pre-filter the data so that it returns only Products that are not discontinued. To create a QueryInterceptor, write a method that returns an Expression<Func<T, bool>> and mark it with the QueryInterceptor attribute as shown below. [QueryInterceptor("Products")] public Expression<Func<Product, bool>> OnReadProducts() { return o => o.Discontinued == false; } Viewing the feed after compilation will only show products that have not been discontinued. We also confirm this by looking at the WHERE clause in the SQL generated by the entity framework. SELECT [Extent1].[ProductID] AS [ProductID], ... ... [Extent1].[Discontinued] AS [Discontinued] FROM [dbo].[Products] AS [Extent1] WHERE 0 = [Extent1].[Discontinued] Other examples of Query/Change interceptors can be seen here including an example to filter data based on the identity of the authenticated user. We are done pre-filtering our data. In the next part of this post, we will see how to shape our data. Pre-filtering and shaping OData feeds using WCF Data Services and the Entity Framework - Part 2 Foot Notes * http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/data/aa937697.aspx † $format did not work for me. The way to get a Json response is to include the following in the request header “Accept: application/json, text/javascript, */*” when making the request. This is easily done with most JavaScript libraries.

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Twitter Bootstrap styling conflicts with plug-ins like jqGrid and other third part libraries

- by Renso

Issues:The concern is that the Twitter Bootstrap framework is that some of their css selectors are simply too generic and have incompatibility issues and conflicts with most third party plug-ins and css libraries, like jQuery-UI and jqGrid.My most pressing concern is only with the generic selector for the styling of "INPUT" controls.Some concerns:So basically anyone using BS (Bootstrap) will have to override styling 100% of the time on all input controls on all their web pages for all the plug-ins they use that render their own styling for input controls. This seems to chisel away any reason for using Bootstrap. Overriding Bootstrap css in this case seems illogical at best as it implies the BS styling is not correct or as granular as it is supposed to be. It also suggests you realize there is an issue here. Any person who has written a fair amount of css will realize that it is a mammoth task to to take an existing app, converting it to BS and then having to find all non-BS input controls and styling them all. The worst part is that there is no generic styling for this as each input control has a different source/context, some are regular tags and some belong to plug-ins, each with their own flavor of styling. For new web apps the challenge is not that different, each time you add a new plug-in you will have to test all facets of it, and I mean all of it, pop-ups, etc, that contain any kind of input control to make sure it is styled correctly. I am having a hard time seeing the benefits of BS in this context. So until the BS team addresses the issue, or not, you may be wondering what is the easiest solution.Help the community to drive this issue home by creating a new issue on github, see my entry here: https://github.com/twitter/bootstrap/issues/4008. As you can see I got some good and some negative feedback, but we all agree it is an issue. I do believe my solution below should be reverse compatible if the proper class declarations were followed as recommended by Bootstrap.The solution:Add a higher-level qualifier to the input selector, which may not break anything. Add "control-group" and "controls" classes as higher-level selectors, as they have to be declared inside those classes anyway as far as I understand the design approach of BS. So in my example below can modify the css without possible breaking anything, see the css at the bottom. I tested this briefly and seems to render just as expected. May not be complete as I only spent a few minutes on the css. Your feedback will be greatly appreciated. <div class="control-group"> <label title="" for="Contact_FirstName" class="control-label">First Name</label> <div class="controls"> <input type="text" value="" name="Contact.FirstName" id="Contact_FirstName" data-val-required="The Reader Contact&#39;s First Name is required" data-val-length-min="2" data-val-length-max="250" data-val-length="The maximum length allowed for the Reader Contact&#39;s First Name is 250 characters and must be two or more characters long" data-val="true" class="input-medium"> <span data-valmsg-replace="true" data-valmsg-for="Contact.FirstName" class="field-validation-valid"></span> </div></div>Here are the SCSS (SASS) updates. In stead of just including the updates I decided to include the entire bootstrap SCSS file so you can just copy-and-paste it in stead of trying to figure out what selectors have changed./*! * Bootstrap v2.0.4 * Enhacement by Renso Hollhumer * Copyright 2012 Twitter, Inc * Licensed under the Apache License v2.0 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Designed and built with all the love in the world @twitter by @mdo and @fat. * Enhancement by Renso Hollhumer: To isolate styling of INPUT tags to the Bootstrap context only */.clearfix { *zoom: 1;}.clearfix:before,.clearfix:after { display: table; content: "";}.clearfix:after { clear: both;}.hide-text { font: 0/0 a; color: transparent; text-shadow: none; background-color: transparent; border: 0;}.input-block-level { display: block; width: 100%; min-height: 28px; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -ms-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box;}article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,nav,section { display: block;}audio,canvas,video { display: inline-block; *display: inline; *zoom: 1;}audio:not([controls]) { display: none;}html { font-size: 100%; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;}a:focus { outline: thin dotted #333; outline: 5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color; outline-offset: -2px;}a:hover,a:active { outline: 0;}sub,sup { position: relative; font-size: 75%; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline;}sup { top: -0.5em;}sub { bottom: -0.25em;}img { max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; border: 0; -ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;}#map_canvas img { max-width: none;}button,input,select,textarea { margin: 0; font-size: 100%; vertical-align: middle;}button,input { *overflow: visible; line-height: normal;}button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner { padding: 0; border: 0;}button,input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"] { cursor: pointer; -webkit-appearance: button;}input[type="search"] { -webkit-box-sizing: content-box; -moz-box-sizing: content-box; box-sizing: content-box; -webkit-appearance: textfield;}input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration,input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-cancel-button { -webkit-appearance: none;}textarea { overflow: auto; vertical-align: top;}body { margin: 0; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff;}a { color: #0088cc; text-decoration: none;}a:hover { color: #005580; text-decoration: underline;}.row { margin-left: -20px; *zoom: 1;}.row:before,.row:after { display: table; content: "";}.row:after { clear: both;}[class*="span"] { float: left; margin-left: 20px;}.container,.navbar-fixed-top .container,.navbar-fixed-bottom .container { width: 940px;}.span12 { width: 940px;}.span11 { width: 860px;}.span10 { width: 780px;}.span9 { width: 700px;}.span8 { width: 620px;}.span7 { width: 540px;}.span6 { width: 460px;}.span5 { width: 380px;}.span4 { width: 300px;}.span3 { width: 220px;}.span2 { width: 140px;}.span1 { width: 60px;}.offset12 { margin-left: 980px;}.offset11 { margin-left: 900px;}.offset10 { margin-left: 820px;}.offset9 { margin-left: 740px;}.offset8 { margin-left: 660px;}.offset7 { margin-left: 580px;}.offset6 { margin-left: 500px;}.offset5 { margin-left: 420px;}.offset4 { margin-left: 340px;}.offset3 { margin-left: 260px;}.offset2 { margin-left: 180px;}.offset1 { margin-left: 100px;}.row-fluid { width: 100%; *zoom: 1;}.row-fluid:before,.row-fluid:after { display: table; content: "";}.row-fluid:after { clear: both;}.row-fluid [class*="span"] { display: block; width: 100%; min-height: 28px; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -ms-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin-left: 2.127659574%; *margin-left: 2.0744680846382977%;}.row-fluid [class*="span"]:first-child { margin-left: 0;}.row-fluid .span12 { width: 99.99999998999999%; *width: 99.94680850063828%;}.row-fluid .span11 { width: 91.489361693%; *width: 91.4361702036383%;}.row-fluid .span10 { width: 82.97872339599999%; *width: 82.92553190663828%;}.row-fluid .span9 { width: 74.468085099%; *width: 74.4148936096383%;}.row-fluid .span8 { width: 65.95744680199999%; *width: 65.90425531263828%;}.row-fluid .span7 { width: 57.446808505%; *width: 57.3936170156383%;}.row-fluid .span6 { width: 48.93617020799999%; *width: 48.88297871863829%;}.row-fluid .span5 { width: 40.425531911%; *width: 40.3723404216383%;}.row-fluid .span4 { width: 31.914893614%; *width: 31.8617021246383%;}.row-fluid .span3 { width: 23.404255317%; *width: 23.3510638276383%;}.row-fluid .span2 { width: 14.89361702%; *width: 14.8404255306383%;}.row-fluid .span1 { width: 6.382978723%; *width: 6.329787233638298%;}.container { margin-right: auto; margin-left: auto; *zoom: 1;}.container:before,.container:after { display: table; content: "";}.container:after { clear: both;}.container-fluid { padding-right: 20px; padding-left: 20px; *zoom: 1;}.container-fluid:before,.container-fluid:after { display: table; content: "";}.container-fluid:after { clear: both;}p { margin: 0 0 9px;}p small { font-size: 11px; color: #999999;}.lead { margin-bottom: 18px; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 200; line-height: 27px;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 { margin: 0; font-family: inherit; font-weight: bold; color: inherit; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;}h1 small,h2 small,h3 small,h4 small,h5 small,h6 small { font-weight: normal; color: #999999;}h1 { font-size: 30px; line-height: 36px;}h1 small { font-size: 18px;}h2 { font-size: 24px; 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-o-transition: border linear 0.2s, box-shadow linear 0.2s; transition: border linear 0.2s, box-shadow linear 0.2s; }}.control-group .controls { textarea:focus, input[type="text"]:focus, input[type="password"]:focus, input[type="datetime"]:focus, input[type="datetime-local"]:focus, input[type="date"]:focus, input[type="month"]:focus, input[type="time"]:focus, input[type="week"]:focus, input[type="number"]:focus, input[type="email"]:focus, input[type="url"]:focus, input[type="search"]:focus, input[type="tel"]:focus, input[type="color"]:focus, .uneditable-input:focus { border-color: rgba(82, 168, 236, 0.8); outline: 0; outline: thin dotted \9; /* IE6-9 */ -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.075), 0 0 8px rgba(82,168,236,.6); -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.075), 0 0 8px rgba(82,168,236,.6); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.075), 0 0 8px rgba(82,168,236,.6); }}.control-group .controls { input[type="radio"], input[type="checkbox"] { margin: 3px 0; *margin-top: 0; 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background-image: -o-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent); background-image: linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent); -webkit-background-size: 40px 40px; -moz-background-size: 40px 40px; -o-background-size: 40px 40px; background-size: 40px 40px;}.progress.active .bar { -webkit-animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite; -moz-animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite; -ms-animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite; -o-animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite; animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;}.progress-danger .bar { background-color: #dd514c; background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #c43c35); background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #c43c35); 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-moz-border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0; border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;}.popover-content { padding: 14px; background-color: #ffffff; -webkit-border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px; -moz-border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px; border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px; -webkit-background-clip: padding-box; -moz-background-clip: padding-box; background-clip: padding-box;}.popover-content p,.popover-content ul,.popover-content ol { margin-bottom: 0;}.modal-open .dropdown-menu { z-index: 2050;}.modal-open .dropdown.open { *z-index: 2050;}.modal-open .popover { z-index: 2060;}.modal-open .tooltip { z-index: 2070;}.modal-backdrop { position: fixed; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; z-index: 1040; background-color: #000000;}.modal-backdrop.fade { opacity: 0;}.modal-backdrop,.modal-backdrop.fade.in { opacity: 0.8; filter: alpha(opacity=80);}.modal { position: fixed; top: 50%; left: 50%; z-index: 1050; overflow: auto; width: 560px; margin: -250px 0 0 -280px; background-color: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #999; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); *border: 1px solid #999; /* IE6-7 */ -webkit-border-radius: 6px; -moz-border-radius: 6px; border-radius: 6px; -webkit-box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); -moz-box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); -webkit-background-clip: padding-box; -moz-background-clip: padding-box; background-clip: padding-box;}.modal.fade { -webkit-transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out; -moz-transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out; -ms-transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out; -o-transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out; transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out; top: -25%;}.modal.fade.in { top: 50%;}.modal-header { padding: 9px 15px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;}.modal-header .close { margin-top: 2px;}.modal-body { overflow-y: auto; max-height: 400px; padding: 15px;}.modal-form { margin-bottom: 0;}.modal-footer { padding: 14px 15px 15px; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: right; background-color: #f5f5f5; border-top: 1px solid #ddd; -webkit-border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px; -moz-border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px; border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff; -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff; box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff; *zoom: 1;}.modal-footer:before,.modal-footer:after { display: table; content: "";}.modal-footer:after { clear: both;}.modal-footer .btn + .btn { margin-left: 5px; margin-bottom: 0;}.modal-footer .btn-group .btn + .btn { margin-left: -1px;}.dropup,.dropdown { position: relative;}.dropdown-toggle { *margin-bottom: -3px;}.dropdown-toggle:active,.open .dropdown-toggle { outline: 0;}.caret { display: inline-block; width: 0; height: 0; vertical-align: top; border-top: 4px solid #000000; border-right: 4px solid transparent; border-left: 4px solid transparent; content: ""; opacity: 0.3; filter: alpha(opacity=30);}.dropdown .caret { margin-top: 8px; margin-left: 2px;}.dropdown:hover .caret,.open .caret { opacity: 1; filter: alpha(opacity=100);}.dropdown-menu { position: absolute; top: 100%; left: 0; z-index: 1000; display: none; float: left; min-width: 160px; padding: 4px 0; margin: 1px 0 0; list-style: none; background-color: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #ccc; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); *border-right-width: 2px; *border-bottom-width: 2px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; -moz-border-radius: 5px; border-radius: 5px; -webkit-box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); -moz-box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); -webkit-background-clip: padding-box; -moz-background-clip: padding; background-clip: padding-box;}.dropdown-menu.pull-right { right: 0; left: auto;}.dropdown-menu .divider { *width: 100%; height: 1px; margin: 8px 1px; *margin: -5px 0 5px; overflow: hidden; background-color: #e5e5e5; border-bottom: 1px solid #ffffff;}.dropdown-menu a { display: block; padding: 3px 15px; clear: both; font-weight: normal; line-height: 18px; color: #333333; white-space: nowrap;}.dropdown-menu li > a:hover,.dropdown-menu .active > a,.dropdown-menu .active > a:hover { color: #ffffff; text-decoration: none; background-color: #0088cc;}.open { *z-index: 1000;}.open > .dropdown-menu { display: block;}.pull-right > .dropdown-menu { right: 0; left: auto;}.dropup .caret,.navbar-fixed-bottom .dropdown .caret { border-top: 0; border-bottom: 4px solid #000000; content: "\2191";}.dropup .dropdown-menu,.navbar-fixed-bottom .dropdown .dropdown-menu { top: auto; bottom: 100%; margin-bottom: 1px;}.typeahead { margin-top: 2px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; -moz-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px;}.accordion { margin-bottom: 18px;}.accordion-group { margin-bottom: 2px; border: 1px solid #e5e5e5; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; -moz-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px;}.accordion-heading { border-bottom: 0;}.accordion-heading .accordion-toggle { display: block; padding: 8px 15px;}.accordion-toggle { cursor: pointer;}.accordion-inner { padding: 9px 15px; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5;}.carousel { position: relative; margin-bottom: 18px; line-height: 1;}.carousel-inner { overflow: hidden; width: 100%; position: relative;}.carousel .item { display: none; position: relative; -webkit-transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left; -moz-transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left; -ms-transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left; -o-transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left; transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left;}.carousel .item > img { display: block; line-height: 1;}.carousel .active,.carousel .next,.carousel .prev { display: block;}.carousel .active { left: 0;}.carousel .next,.carousel .prev { position: absolute; top: 0; width: 100%;}.carousel .next { left: 100%;}.carousel .prev { left: -100%;}.carousel .next.left,.carousel .prev.right { left: 0;}.carousel .active.left { left: -100%;}.carousel .active.right { left: 100%;}.carousel-control { position: absolute; top: 40%; left: 15px; width: 40px; height: 40px; margin-top: -20px; font-size: 60px; font-weight: 100; line-height: 30px; color: #ffffff; text-align: center; background: #222222; border: 3px solid #ffffff; -webkit-border-radius: 23px; -moz-border-radius: 23px; border-radius: 23px; opacity: 0.5; filter: alpha(opacity=50);}.carousel-control.right { left: auto; right: 15px;}.carousel-control:hover { color: #ffffff; text-decoration: none; opacity: 0.9; filter: alpha(opacity=90);}.carousel-caption { position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; padding: 10px 15px 5px; background: #333333; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75);}.carousel-caption h4,.carousel-caption p { color: #ffffff;}.well { min-height: 20px; padding: 19px; margin-bottom: 20px; background-color: #f5f5f5; border: 1px solid #eee; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05); -webkit-border-radius: 4px; -moz-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05); -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);}.well blockquote { border-color: #ddd; border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);}.well-large { padding: 24px; -webkit-border-radius: 6px; -moz-border-radius: 6px; border-radius: 6px;}.well-small { padding: 9px; -webkit-border-radius: 3px; -moz-border-radius: 3px; border-radius: 3px;}.close { float: right; font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px; color: #000000; text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #ffffff; opacity: 0.2; filter: alpha(opacity=20);}.close:hover { color: #000000; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; opacity: 0.4; filter: alpha(opacity=40);}button.close { padding: 0; cursor: pointer; background: transparent; border: 0; -webkit-appearance: none;}.pull-right { float: right;}.pull-left { float: left;}.hide { display: none;}.show { display: block;}.invisible { visibility: hidden;}.fade { opacity: 0; -webkit-transition: opacity 0.15s linear; -moz-transition: opacity 0.15s linear; -ms-transition: opacity 0.15s linear; -o-transition: opacity 0.15s linear; transition: opacity 0.15s linear;}.fade.in { opacity: 1;}.collapse { position: relative; height: 0; overflow: hidden; -webkit-transition: height 0.35s ease; -moz-transition: height 0.35s ease; -ms-transition: height 0.35s ease; -o-transition: height 0.35s ease; transition: height 0.35s ease;}.collapse.in { height: auto;}.hidden { display: none; visibility: hidden;}.visible-phone { display: none !important;}.visible-tablet { display: none !important;}.hidden-desktop { display: none !important;}@media (max-width: 767px) { .visible-phone { display: inherit !important; } .hidden-phone { display: none !important; } .hidden-desktop { display: inherit !important; } .visible-desktop { display: none !important; }}@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 979px) { .visible-tablet { display: inherit !important; } .hidden-tablet { display: none !important; } .hidden-desktop { display: inherit !important; } .visible-desktop { display: none !important ; }}@media (max-width: 480px) { .nav-collapse { -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); } .page-header h1 small { display: block; line-height: 18px; } input[type="checkbox"], input[type="radio"] { border: 1px solid #ccc; } .form-horizontal .control-group > label { float: none; width: auto; padding-top: 0; text-align: left; } .form-horizontal .controls { margin-left: 0; } .form-horizontal .control-list { padding-top: 0; } .form-horizontal .form-actions { padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; } .modal { position: absolute; top: 10px; left: 10px; right: 10px; width: auto; margin: 0; } .modal.fade.in { top: auto; } .modal-header .close { padding: 10px; margin: -10px; } .carousel-caption { position: static; }}@media (max-width: 767px) { body { padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px; } .navbar-fixed-top, .navbar-fixed-bottom { margin-left: -20px; margin-right: -20px; } .container-fluid { padding: 0; } .dl-horizontal dt { float: none; clear: none; width: auto; text-align: left; } .dl-horizontal dd { margin-left: 0; } .container { width: auto; } .row-fluid { width: 100%; } .row, .thumbnails { margin-left: 0; } [class*="span"], .row-fluid [class*="span"] { float: none; display: block; width: auto; margin-left: 0; } .input-large, .input-xlarge, .input-xxlarge, input[class*="span"], select[class*="span"], textarea[class*="span"], .uneditable-input { display: block; width: 100%; min-height: 28px; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -ms-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; } .input-prepend input, .input-append input, .input-prepend input[class*="span"], .input-append input[class*="span"] { display: inline-block; width: auto; }}@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 979px) { .row { margin-left: -20px; *zoom: 1; } .row:before, .row:after { display: table; content: ""; } .row:after { clear: both; } [class*="span"] { float: left; margin-left: 20px; } .container, .navbar-fixed-top .container, .navbar-fixed-bottom .container { width: 724px; } .span12 { width: 724px; } .span11 { width: 662px; } .span10 { width: 600px; } .span9 { width: 538px; } .span8 { width: 476px; } .span7 { width: 414px; } .span6 { width: 352px; } .span5 { width: 290px; } .span4 { width: 228px; } .span3 { width: 166px; } .span2 { width: 104px; } .span1 { width: 42px; } .offset12 { margin-left: 764px; } .offset11 { margin-left: 702px; } .offset10 { margin-left: 640px; } .offset9 { margin-left: 578px; } .offset8 { margin-left: 516px; } .offset7 { margin-left: 454px; } .offset6 { margin-left: 392px; } .offset5 { margin-left: 330px; } .offset4 { margin-left: 268px; } .offset3 { margin-left: 206px; } .offset2 { margin-left: 144px; } .offset1 { margin-left: 82px; } .row-fluid { width: 100%; *zoom: 1; } .row-fluid:before, .row-fluid:after { display: table; content: ""; } .row-fluid:after { clear: both; } .row-fluid [class*="span"] { display: block; width: 100%; min-height: 28px; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -ms-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin-left: 2.762430939%; *margin-left: 2.709239449638298%; } .row-fluid [class*="span"]:first-child { margin-left: 0; } .row-fluid .span12 { width: 99.999999993%; *width: 99.9468085036383%; } .row-fluid .span11 { width: 91.436464082%; *width: 91.38327259263829%; } .row-fluid .span10 { width: 82.87292817100001%; *width: 82.8197366816383%; } .row-fluid .span9 { width: 74.30939226%; *width: 74.25620077063829%; } .row-fluid .span8 { width: 65.74585634900001%; *width: 65.6926648596383%; } .row-fluid .span7 { width: 57.182320438000005%; *width: 57.129128948638304%; } .row-fluid .span6 { width: 48.618784527%; *width: 48.5655930376383%; } .row-fluid .span5 { width: 40.055248616%; *width: 40.0020571266383%; } .row-fluid .span4 { width: 31.491712705%; *width: 31.4385212156383%; } .row-fluid .span3 { width: 22.928176794%; *width: 22.874985304638297%; } .row-fluid .span2 { width: 14.364640883%; *width: 14.311449393638298%; } .row-fluid .span1 { width: 5.801104972%; *width: 5.747913482638298%; } input, textarea, .uneditable-input { margin-left: 0; } input.span12, textarea.span12, .uneditable-input.span12 { width: 714px; } input.span11, textarea.span11, .uneditable-input.span11 { width: 652px; } input.span10, textarea.span10, .uneditable-input.span10 { width: 590px; } input.span9, textarea.span9, .uneditable-input.span9 { width: 528px; } input.span8, textarea.span8, .uneditable-input.span8 { width: 466px; } input.span7, textarea.span7, .uneditable-input.span7 { width: 404px; } input.span6, textarea.span6, .uneditable-input.span6 { width: 342px; } input.span5, textarea.span5, .uneditable-input.span5 { width: 280px; } input.span4, textarea.span4, .uneditable-input.span4 { width: 218px; } input.span3, textarea.span3, .uneditable-input.span3 { width: 156px; } input.span2, textarea.span2, .uneditable-input.span2 { width: 94px; } input.span1, textarea.span1, .uneditable-input.span1 { width: 32px; }}@media (min-width: 1200px) { .row { margin-left: -30px; *zoom: 1; } .row:before, .row:after { display: table; content: ""; } .row:after { clear: both; } [class*="span"] { float: left; margin-left: 30px; } .container, .navbar-fixed-top .container, .navbar-fixed-bottom .container { width: 1170px; } .span12 { width: 1170px; } .span11 { width: 1070px; } .span10 { width: 970px; } .span9 { width: 870px; } .span8 { width: 770px; } .span7 { width: 670px; } .span6 { width: 570px; } .span5 { width: 470px; } .span4 { width: 370px; } .span3 { width: 270px; } .span2 { width: 170px; } .span1 { width: 70px; } .offset12 { margin-left: 1230px; } .offset11 { margin-left: 1130px; } .offset10 { margin-left: 1030px; } .offset9 { margin-left: 930px; } .offset8 { margin-left: 830px; } .offset7 { margin-left: 730px; } .offset6 { margin-left: 630px; } .offset5 { margin-left: 530px; } .offset4 { margin-left: 430px; } .offset3 { margin-left: 330px; } .offset2 { margin-left: 230px; } .offset1 { margin-left: 130px; } .row-fluid { width: 100%; *zoom: 1; } .row-fluid:before, .row-fluid:after { display: table; content: ""; } .row-fluid:after { clear: both; } .row-fluid [class*="span"] { display: block; width: 100%; min-height: 28px; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -ms-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin-left: 2.564102564%; *margin-left: 2.510911074638298%; } .row-fluid [class*="span"]:first-child { margin-left: 0; } .row-fluid .span12 { width: 100%; *width: 99.94680851063829%; } .row-fluid .span11 { width: 91.45299145300001%; *width: 91.3997999636383%; } .row-fluid .span10 { width: 82.905982906%; *width: 82.8527914166383%; } .row-fluid .span9 { width: 74.358974359%; *width: 74.30578286963829%; } .row-fluid .span8 { width: 65.81196581200001%; *width: 65.7587743226383%; } .row-fluid .span7 { width: 57.264957265%; *width: 57.2117657756383%; } .row-fluid .span6 { width: 48.717948718%; *width: 48.6647572286383%; } .row-fluid .span5 { width: 40.170940171000005%; *width: 40.117748681638304%; } .row-fluid .span4 { width: 31.623931624%; *width: 31.5707401346383%; } .row-fluid .span3 { width: 23.076923077%; *width: 23.0237315876383%; } .row-fluid .span2 { width: 14.529914530000001%; *width: 14.4767230406383%; } .row-fluid .span1 { width: 5.982905983%; *width: 5.929714493638298%; } input, textarea, .uneditable-input { margin-left: 0; } input.span12, textarea.span12, .uneditable-input.span12 { width: 1160px; } input.span11, textarea.span11, .uneditable-input.span11 { width: 1060px; } input.span10, textarea.span10, .uneditable-input.span10 { width: 960px; } input.span9, textarea.span9, .uneditable-input.span9 { width: 860px; } input.span8, textarea.span8, .uneditable-input.span8 { width: 760px; } input.span7, textarea.span7, .uneditable-input.span7 { width: 660px; } input.span6, textarea.span6, .uneditable-input.span6 { width: 560px; } input.span5, textarea.span5, .uneditable-input.span5 { width: 460px; } input.span4, textarea.span4, .uneditable-input.span4 { width: 360px; } input.span3, textarea.span3, .uneditable-input.span3 { width: 260px; } input.span2, textarea.span2, .uneditable-input.span2 { width: 160px; } input.span1, textarea.span1, .uneditable-input.span1 { width: 60px; } .thumbnails { margin-left: -30px; } .thumbnails > li { margin-left: 30px; } .row-fluid .thumbnails { margin-left: 0; }}@media (max-width: 979px) { body { padding-top: 0; } .navbar-fixed-top, .navbar-fixed-bottom { position: static; } .navbar-fixed-top { margin-bottom: 18px; } .navbar-fixed-bottom { margin-top: 18px; } .navbar-fixed-top .navbar-inner, .navbar-fixed-bottom .navbar-inner { padding: 5px; } .navbar .container { width: auto; padding: 0; } .navbar .brand { padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; margin: 0 0 0 -5px; } .nav-collapse { clear: both; } .nav-collapse .nav { float: none; margin: 0 0 9px; } .nav-collapse .nav > li { float: none; } .nav-collapse .nav > li > a { margin-bottom: 2px; } .nav-collapse .nav > .divider-vertical { display: none; } .nav-collapse .nav .nav-header { color: #999999; text-shadow: none; } .nav-collapse .nav > li > a, .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu a { padding: 6px 15px; font-weight: bold; color: #999999; -webkit-border-radius: 3px; -moz-border-radius: 3px; border-radius: 3px; } .nav-collapse .btn { padding: 4px 10px 4px; font-weight: normal; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; -moz-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; } .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu li + li a { margin-bottom: 2px; } .nav-collapse .nav > li > a:hover, .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu a:hover { background-color: #222222; } .nav-collapse.in .btn-group { margin-top: 5px; padding: 0; } .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu { position: static; top: auto; left: auto; float: none; display: block; max-width: none; margin: 0 15px; padding: 0; background-color: transparent; border: none; -webkit-border-radius: 0; -moz-border-radius: 0; border-radius: 0; -webkit-box-shadow: none; -moz-box-shadow: none; box-shadow: none; } .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu:before, .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu:after { display: none; } .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu .divider { display: none; } .nav-collapse .navbar-form, .nav-collapse .navbar-search { float: none; padding: 9px 15px; margin: 9px 0; border-top: 1px solid #222222; border-bottom: 1px solid #222222; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1); -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1); } .navbar .nav-collapse .nav.pull-right { float: none; margin-left: 0; } .nav-collapse, .nav-collapse.collapse { overflow: hidden; height: 0; } .navbar .btn-navbar { display: block; } .navbar-static .navbar-inner { padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; }}@media (min-width: 980px) { .nav-collapse.collapse { height: auto !important; overflow: visible !important; }}

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ParallelWork: Feature rich multithreaded fluent task execution library for WPF

- by oazabir

ParallelWork is an open source free helper class that lets you run multiple work in parallel threads, get success, failure and progress update on the WPF UI thread, wait for work to complete, abort all work (in case of shutdown), queue work to run after certain time, chain parallel work one after another. It’s more convenient than using .NET’s BackgroundWorker because you don’t have to declare one component per work, nor do you need to declare event handlers to receive notification and carry additional data through private variables. You can safely pass objects produced from different thread to the success callback. Moreover, you can wait for work to complete before you do certain operation and you can abort all parallel work while they are in-flight. If you are building highly responsive WPF UI where you have to carry out multiple job in parallel yet want full control over those parallel jobs completion and cancellation, then the ParallelWork library is the right solution for you. I am using the ParallelWork library in my PlantUmlEditor project, which is a free open source UML editor built on WPF. You can see some realistic use of the ParallelWork library there. Moreover, the test project comes with 400 lines of Behavior Driven Development flavored tests, that confirms it really does what it says it does. The source code of the library is part of the “Utilities” project in PlantUmlEditor source code hosted at Google Code. The library comes in two flavors, one is the ParallelWork static class, which has a collection of static methods that you can call. Another is the Start class, which is a fluent wrapper over the ParallelWork class to make it more readable and aesthetically pleasing code. ParallelWork allows you to start work immediately on separate thread or you can queue a work to start after some duration. You can start an immediate work in a new thread using the following methods: void StartNow(Action doWork, Action onComplete) void StartNow(Action doWork, Action onComplete, Action<Exception> failed) For example, ParallelWork.StartNow(() => { workStartedAt = DateTime.Now; Thread.Sleep(howLongWorkTakes); }, () => { workEndedAt = DateTime.Now; }); Or you can use the fluent way Start.Work: Start.Work(() => { workStartedAt = DateTime.Now; Thread.Sleep(howLongWorkTakes); }) .OnComplete(() => { workCompletedAt = DateTime.Now; }) .Run(); Besides simple execution of work on a parallel thread, you can have the parallel thread produce some object and then pass it to the success callback by using these overloads: void StartNow<T>(Func<T> doWork, Action<T> onComplete) void StartNow<T>(Func<T> doWork, Action<T> onComplete, Action<Exception> fail) For example, ParallelWork.StartNow<Dictionary<string, string>>( () => { test = new Dictionary<string,string>(); test.Add("test", "test"); return test; }, (result) => { Assert.True(result.ContainsKey("test")); }); Or, the fluent way: Start<Dictionary<string, string>>.Work(() => { test = new Dictionary<string, string>(); test.Add("test", "test"); return test; }) .OnComplete((result) => { Assert.True(result.ContainsKey("test")); }) .Run(); You can also start a work to happen after some time using these methods: DispatcherTimer StartAfter(Action onComplete, TimeSpan duration) DispatcherTimer StartAfter(Action doWork,Action onComplete,TimeSpan duration) You can use this to perform some timed operation on the UI thread, as well as perform some operation in separate thread after some time. ParallelWork.StartAfter( () => { workStartedAt = DateTime.Now; Thread.Sleep(howLongWorkTakes); }, () => { workCompletedAt = DateTime.Now; }, waitDuration); Or, the fluent way: Start.Work(() => { workStartedAt = DateTime.Now; Thread.Sleep(howLongWorkTakes); }) .OnComplete(() => { workCompletedAt = DateTime.Now; }) .RunAfter(waitDuration); There are several overloads of these functions to have a exception callback for handling exceptions or get progress update from background thread while work is in progress. For example, I use it in my PlantUmlEditor to perform background update of the application. // Check if there's a newer version of the app Start<bool>.Work(() => { return UpdateChecker.HasUpdate(Settings.Default.DownloadUrl); }) .OnComplete((hasUpdate) => { if (hasUpdate) { if (MessageBox.Show(Window.GetWindow(me), "There's a newer version available. Do you want to download and install?", "New version available", MessageBoxButton.YesNo, MessageBoxImage.Information) == MessageBoxResult.Yes) { ParallelWork.StartNow(() => { var tempPath = System.IO.Path.Combine( Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.ApplicationData), Settings.Default.SetupExeName); UpdateChecker.DownloadLatestUpdate(Settings.Default.DownloadUrl, tempPath); }, () => { }, (x) => { MessageBox.Show(Window.GetWindow(me), "Download failed. When you run next time, it will try downloading again.", "Download failed", MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Warning); }); } } }) .OnException((x) => { MessageBox.Show(Window.GetWindow(me), x.Message, "Download failed", MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Exclamation); }); The above code shows you how to get exception callbacks on the UI thread so that you can take necessary actions on the UI. Moreover, it shows how you can chain two parallel works to happen one after another. Sometimes you want to do some parallel work when user does some activity on the UI. For example, you might want to save file in an editor while user is typing every 10 second. In such case, you need to make sure you don’t start another parallel work every 10 seconds while a work is already queued. You need to make sure you start a new work only when there’s no other background work going on. Here’s how you can do it: private void ContentEditor_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (!ParallelWork.IsAnyWorkRunning()) { ParallelWork.StartAfter(SaveAndRefreshDiagram, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10)); } } If you want to shutdown your application and want to make sure no parallel work is going on, then you can call the StopAll() method. ParallelWork.StopAll(); If you want to wait for parallel works to complete without a timeout, then you can call the WaitForAllWork(TimeSpan timeout). It will block the current thread until the all parallel work completes or the timeout period elapses. result = ParallelWork.WaitForAllWork(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1)); The result is true, if all parallel work completed. If it’s false, then the timeout period elapsed and all parallel work did not complete. For details how this library is built and how it works, please read the following codeproject article: ParallelWork: Feature rich multithreaded fluent task execution library for WPF http://www.codeproject.com/KB/WPF/parallelwork.aspx If you like the article, please vote for me.

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Routing Issue in ASP.NET MVC 3 RC 2

- by imran_ku07

Introduction: Two weeks ago, ASP.NET MVC team shipped the ASP.NET MVC 3 RC 2 release. This release includes some new features and some performance optimization. This release also fixes most of the bugs but still some minor issues are present in this release. Some of these issues are already discussed by Scott Guthrie at Update on ASP.NET MVC 3 RC2 (and a workaround for a bug in it). In addition to these issues, I have found another issue in this release regarding routing. In this article, I will show you the issue regarding routing and a simple workaround for this issue. Description: The easiest way to understand an issue is to reproduce it in the application. So create a MVC 2 application and a MVC 3 RC 2 application. Then in both applications, just open global.asax file and update the default route as below, routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}"); routes.MapRoute( "Default", // Route name "{controller}/{action}/{id1}/{id2}", // URL with parameters new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id1 = UrlParameter.Optional, id2 = UrlParameter.Optional } // Parameter defaults ); Then just open Index View and add the following lines, <%@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Views/Shared/Site.Master" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage" %> <asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="TitleContent" runat="server"> Home Page </asp:Content> <asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="MainContent" runat="server"> <% Html.RenderAction("About"); %> </asp:Content> The above view will issue a child request to About action method. Now run both applications. ASP.NET MVC 2 application will run just fine. But ASP.NET MVC 3 RC 2 application will throw an exception as shown below, You may think that this is a routing issue but this is not the case here as both ASP.NET MVC 2 and ASP.NET MVC 3 RC 2 applications(created above) are built with .NET Framework 4.0 and both will use the same routing defined in System.Web. Something is wrong in ASP.NET MVC 3 RC 2. So after digging into ASP.NET MVC source code, I have found that the UrlParameter class in ASP.NET MVC 3 RC 2 overrides the ToString method which simply return an empty string. public sealed class UrlParameter { public static readonly UrlParameter Optional = new UrlParameter(); private UrlParameter() { } public override string ToString() { return string.Empty; } } In MVC 2 the ToString method was not overridden. So to quickly fix the above problem just replace UrlParameter.Optional default value with a different value other than null or empty(for example, a single white space) or replace UrlParameter.Optional default value with a new class object containing the same code as UrlParameter class have except the ToString method is not overridden (or with a overridden ToString method that return a string value other than null or empty). But by doing this you will loose the benefit of ASP.NET MVC 2 Optional URL Parameters. There may be many different ways to fix the above problem and not loose the benefit of optional parameters. Here I will create a new class MyUrlParameter with the same code as UrlParameter class have except the ToString method is not overridden. Then I will create a base controller class which contains a constructor to remove all MyUrlParameter route data parameters, same like ASP.NET MVC doing with UrlParameter route data parameters early in the request. public class BaseController : Controller { public BaseController() { if (System.Web.HttpContext.Current.CurrentHandler is MvcHandler) { RouteValueDictionary rvd = ((MvcHandler)System.Web.HttpContext.Current.CurrentHandler).RequestContext.RouteData.Values; string[] matchingKeys = (from entry in rvd where entry.Value == MyUrlParameter.Optional select entry.Key).ToArray(); foreach (string key in matchingKeys) { rvd.Remove(key); } } } } public class HomeController : BaseController { public ActionResult Index(string id1) { ViewBag.Message = "Welcome to ASP.NET MVC!"; return View(); } public ActionResult About() { return Content("Child Request Contents"); } } public sealed class MyUrlParameter { public static readonly MyUrlParameter Optional = new MyUrlParameter(); private MyUrlParameter() { } } routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}"); routes.MapRoute( "Default", // Route name "{controller}/{action}/{id1}/{id2}", // URL with parameters new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id1 = MyUrlParameter.Optional, id2 = MyUrlParameter.Optional } // Parameter defaults ); MyUrlParameter class is a copy of UrlParameter class except that MyUrlParameter class not overrides the ToString method. Note that the default route is modified to use MyUrlParameter.Optional instead of UrlParameter.Optional. Also note that BaseController class constructor is removing MyUrlParameter parameters from the current request route data so that the model binder will not bind these parameters with action method parameters. Now just run the ASP.NET MVC 3 RC 2 application again, you will find that it runs just fine. In case if you are curious to know that why ASP.NET MVC 3 RC 2 application throws an exception if UrlParameter class contains a ToString method which returns an empty string, then you need to know something about a feature of routing for url generation. During url generation, routing will call the ParsedRoute.Bind method internally. This method includes a logic to match the route and build the url. During building the url, ParsedRoute.Bind method will call the ToString method of the route values(in our case this will call the UrlParameter.ToString method) and then append the returned value into url. This method includes a logic after appending the returned value into url that if two continuous returned values are empty then don't match the current route otherwise an incorrect url will be generated. Here is the snippet from ParsedRoute.Bind method which will prove this statement. if ((builder2.Length > 0) && (builder2[builder2.Length - 1] == '/')) { return null; } builder2.Append("/"); ........................................................... ........................................................... ........................................................... ........................................................... if (RoutePartsEqual(obj3, obj4)) { builder2.Append(UrlEncode(Convert.ToString(obj3, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture))); continue; } In the above example, both id1 and id2 parameters default values are set to UrlParameter object and UrlParameter class include a ToString method that returns an empty string. That's why this route will not matched. Summary: In this article I showed you the issue regarding routing and also showed you how to workaround this problem. I explained this issue with an example by creating a ASP.NET MVC 2 and a ASP.NET MVC 3 RC 2 application. Finally I also explained the reason for this issue. Hopefully you will enjoy this article too. SyntaxHighlighter.all()

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Transparency and AlphaBlending

- by TechTwaddle

In this post we'll look at the AlphaBlend() api and how it can be used for semi-transparent blitting. AlphaBlend() takes a source device context and a destination device context (DC) and combines the bits in such a way that it gives a transparent effect. Follow the links for the msdn documentation. So lets take a image like, and AlphaBlend() it on our window. The code to do so is below, (under the WM_PAINT message of WndProc) HBITMAP hBitmap=NULL, hBitmapOld=NULL; HDC hMemDC=NULL; BLENDFUNCTION bf; hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps); hMemDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc); hBitmap = LoadBitmap(g_hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_BITMAP1)); hBitmapOld = SelectObject(hMemDC, hBitmap); bf.BlendOp = AC_SRC_OVER; bf.BlendFlags = 0; bf.SourceConstantAlpha = 80; //transparency value between 0-255 bf.AlphaFormat = 0; AlphaBlend(hdc, 0, 25, 240, 100, hMemDC, 0, 0, 240, 100, bf); SelectObject(hMemDC, hBitmapOld); DeleteDC(hMemDC); DeleteObject(hBitmap); EndPaint(hWnd, &ps); The code above creates a memory DC (hMemDC) using CreateCompatibleDC(), loads a bitmap onto the memory DC and AlphaBlends it on the device DC (hdc), with a transparency value of 80. The result is: Pretty simple till now. Now lets try to do something a little more exciting. Lets get two images involved, each overlapping the other, giving a better demonstration of transparency. I am also going to add a few buttons so that the user can increase or decrease the transparency by clicking on the buttons. Since this is the first time I played around with GDI apis, I ran into something that everybody runs into sometime or the other, flickering. When clicking the buttons the images would flicker a lot, I figured out why and used something called double buffering to avoid flickering. We will look at both my first implementation and the second implementation just to give the concept a little more depth and perspective. A few pre-conditions before I dive into the code: - hBitmap and hBitmap2 are handles to the two images obtained using LoadBitmap(), these variables are global and are initialized under WM_CREATE - The two buttons in the application are labeled Opaque++ (make more opaque, less transparent) and Opaque-- (make less opaque, more transparent) - DrawPics(HWND hWnd, int step=0); is the function called to draw the images on the screen. This is called from under WM_PAINT and also when the buttons are clicked. When Opaque++ is clicked the 'step' value passed to DrawPics() is +20 and when Opaque-- is clicked the 'step' value is -20. The default value of 'step' is 0 Now lets take a look at my first implementation: //this funciton causes flicker, cos it draws directly to screen several times void DrawPics(HWND hWnd, int step) { HDC hdc=NULL, hMemDC=NULL; BLENDFUNCTION bf; static UINT32 transparency = 100; //no point in drawing when transparency is 0 and user clicks Opaque-- if (transparency == 0 && step < 0) return; //no point in drawing when transparency is 240 (opaque) and user clicks Opaque++ if (transparency == 240 && step > 0) return; hdc = GetDC(hWnd); if (!hdc) return; //create a memory DC hMemDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc); if (!hMemDC) { ReleaseDC(hWnd, hdc); return; } //while increasing transparency, clear the contents of screen if (step < 0) { RECT rect = {0, 0, 240, 200}; FillRect(hdc, &rect, (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH)); } SelectObject(hMemDC, hBitmap2); BitBlt(hdc, 0, 25, 240, 100, hMemDC, 0, 0, SRCCOPY); SelectObject(hMemDC, hBitmap); transparency += step; if (transparency >= 240) transparency = 240; if (transparency <= 0) transparency = 0; bf.BlendOp = AC_SRC_OVER; bf.BlendFlags = 0; bf.SourceConstantAlpha = transparency; bf.AlphaFormat = 0; AlphaBlend(hdc, 0, 75, 240, 100, hMemDC, 0, 0, 240, 100, bf); DeleteDC(hMemDC); ReleaseDC(hWnd, hdc); } In the code above, we first get the window DC using GetDC() and create a memory DC using CreateCompatibleDC(). Then we select hBitmap2 onto the memory DC and Blt it on the window DC (hdc). Next, we select the other image, hBitmap, onto memory DC and AlphaBlend() it over window DC. As I told you before, this implementation causes flickering because it draws directly on the screen (hdc) several times. The video below shows what happens when the buttons were clicked rapidly: Well, the video recording tool I use captures only 15 frames per second and so the flickering is not visible in the video. So you're gonna have to trust me on this, it flickers (; To solve this problem we make sure that the drawing to the screen happens only once and to do that we create an additional memory DC, hTempDC. We perform all our drawing on this memory DC and finally when it is ready we Blt hTempDC on hdc, and the images are displayed in one go. Here is the code for our new DrawPics() function: //no flicker void DrawPics(HWND hWnd, int step) { HDC hdc=NULL, hMemDC=NULL, hTempDC=NULL; BLENDFUNCTION bf; HBITMAP hBitmapTemp=NULL, hBitmapOld=NULL; static UINT32 transparency = 100; //no point in drawing when transparency is 0 and user clicks Opaque-- if (transparency == 0 && step < 0) return; //no point in drawing when transparency is 240 (opaque) and user clicks Opaque++ if (transparency == 240 && step > 0) return; hdc = GetDC(hWnd); if (!hdc) return; hMemDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc); hTempDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc); hBitmapTemp = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc, 240, 150); hBitmapOld = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hTempDC, hBitmapTemp); if (!hMemDC) { ReleaseDC(hWnd, hdc); return; } //while increasing transparency, clear the contents if (step < 0) { RECT rect = {0, 0, 240, 150}; FillRect(hTempDC, &rect, (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH)); } SelectObject(hMemDC, hBitmap2); //Blt hBitmap2 directly to hTempDC BitBlt(hTempDC, 0, 0, 240, 100, hMemDC, 0, 0, SRCCOPY); SelectObject(hMemDC, hBitmap); transparency += step; if (transparency >= 240) transparency = 240; if (transparency <= 0) transparency = 0; bf.BlendOp = AC_SRC_OVER; bf.BlendFlags = 0; bf.SourceConstantAlpha = transparency; bf.AlphaFormat = 0; AlphaBlend(hTempDC, 0, 50, 240, 100, hMemDC, 0, 0, 240, 100, bf); //now hTempDC is ready, blt it directly on hdc BitBlt(hdc, 0, 25, 240, 150, hTempDC, 0, 0, SRCCOPY); SelectObject(hTempDC, hBitmapOld); DeleteObject(hBitmapTemp); DeleteDC(hMemDC); DeleteDC(hTempDC); ReleaseDC(hWnd, hdc); } This function is very similar to the first version, except for the use of hTempDC. Another point to note is the use of CreateCompatibleBitmap(). When a memory device context is created using CreateCompatibleDC(), the context is exactly one monochrome pixel high and one monochrome pixel wide. So in order for us to draw anything onto hTempDC, we first have to set a bitmap on it. We use CreateCompatibleBitmap() to create a bitmap of required dimension (240x150 above), and then select this bitmap onto hTempDC. Think of it as utilizing an extra canvas, drawing everything on the canvas and finally transferring the contents to the display in one scoop. And with this version the flickering is gone, video follows: If you want the entire solutions source code then leave a message, I will share the code over SkyDrive.

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Web Site Performance and Assembly Versioning – Part 3 Versioning Combined Files Using Mercurial

- by capgpilk

Minification and Concatination of JavaScript and CSS Files Versioning Combined Files Using Subversion Versioning Combined Files Using Mercurial – this post I have worked on a project recently where there was a need to version the system (library dll, css and javascript files) by date and Mercurial revision number. This was in the format:- 0.12.524.407 {major}.{year}.{month}{date}.{mercurial revision} Each time there is an internal build using the CI server, it would label the files using this format. When it came time to do a major release, it became v1.{year}.{month}{date}.{mercurial revision}, with each public release having a major version increment. Also as a requirement, each assembly also had to have a new GUID on each build. So like in previous posts, we need to edit the csproj file, and add a couple of Default targets. 1: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 2: <Project ToolsVersion="4.0" DefaultTargets="Hg-Revision;AssemblyInfo;Build" 3: xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003"> 4: <PropertyGroup> Right below the closing tag of the entire project we add our two targets, the first is to get the Mercurial revision number. We first need to import the tasks for MSBuild which can be downloaded from http://msbuildhg.codeplex.com/ 1: <Import Project="..\Tools\MSBuild.Mercurial\MSBuild.Mercurial.Tasks" /> 1: <Target Name="Hg-Revision"> 2: <HgVersion LocalPath="$(MSBuildProjectDirectory)" Timeout="5000" 3: LibraryLocation="C:\TortoiseHg\"> 4: <Output TaskParameter="Revision" PropertyName="Revision" /> 5: </HgVersion> 6: <Message Text="Last revision from HG: $(Revision)" /> 7: </Target> With the main Mercurial files being located at c:\TortoiseHg To get a valid GUID we need to escape from the csproj markup and call some c# code which we put in a property group for later reference. 1: <PropertyGroup> 2: <GuidGenFunction> 3: <![CDATA[ 4: public static string ScriptMain() { 5: return System.Guid.NewGuid().ToString().ToUpper(); 6: } 7: ]]> 8: </GuidGenFunction> 9: </PropertyGroup> Now we add in our target for generating the GUID. 1: <Target Name="AssemblyInfo"> 2: <Script Language="C#" Code="$(GuidGenFunction)"> 3: <Output TaskParameter="ReturnValue" PropertyName="NewGuid" /> 4: </Script> 5: <Time Format="yy"> 6: <Output TaskParameter="FormattedTime" PropertyName="year" /> 7: </Time> 8: <Time Format="Mdd"> 9: <Output TaskParameter="FormattedTime" PropertyName="daymonth" /> 10: </Time> 11: <AssemblyInfo CodeLanguage="CS" OutputFile="Properties\AssemblyInfo.cs" 12: AssemblyTitle="name" AssemblyDescription="description" 13: AssemblyCompany="none" AssemblyProduct="product" 14: AssemblyCopyright="Copyright ©" 15: ComVisible="false" CLSCompliant="true" Guid="$(NewGuid)" 16: AssemblyVersion="$(Major).$(year).$(daymonth).$(Revision)" 17: AssemblyFileVersion="$(Major).$(year).$(daymonth).$(Revision)" /> 18: </Target> So this will give use an AssemblyInfo.cs file like this just prior to calling the Build task:- 1: using System; 2: using System.Reflection; 3: using System.Runtime.CompilerServices; 4: using System.Runtime.InteropServices; 5: 6: [assembly: AssemblyTitle("name")] 7: [assembly: AssemblyDescription("description")] 8: [assembly: AssemblyCompany("none")] 9: [assembly: AssemblyProduct("product")] 10: [assembly: AssemblyCopyright("Copyright ©")] 11: [assembly: ComVisible(false)] 12: [assembly: CLSCompliant(true)] 13: [assembly: Guid("9C2C130E-40EF-4A20-B7AC-A23BA4B5F2B7")] 14: [assembly: AssemblyVersion("0.12.524.407")] 15: [assembly: AssemblyFileVersion("0.12.524.407")] Therefore giving us the correct version for the assembly. This can be referenced within your project whether web or Windows based like this:- 1: public static string AppVersion() 2: { 3: return Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().Version.ToString(); 4: } As mentioned in previous posts in this series, you can label css and javascript files using this version number and the GetAssemblyIdentity task from the main MSBuild task library build into the .Net framework. 1: <GetAssemblyIdentity AssemblyFiles="bin\TheAssemblyFile.dll"> 2: <Output TaskParameter="Assemblies" ItemName="MyAssemblyIdentities" /> 3: </GetAssemblyIdentity> Then use this to write out the files:- 1: <WriteLinestoFile 2: File="Client\site-style-%(MyAssemblyIdentities.Version).combined.min.css" 3: Lines="@(CSSLinesSite)" Overwrite="true" />

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Code excavations, wishful invocations, perimeters and domain specific unit test frameworks

- by RoyOsherove

One of the talks I did at QCON London was about a subject that I’ve come across fairly recently , when I was building SilverUnit – a “pure” unit test framework for silverlight objects that depend on the silverlight runtime to run. It is the concept of “cogs in the machine” – when your piece of code needs to run inside a host framework or runtime that you have little or no control over for testability related matters. Examples of such cogs and machines can be: your custom control running inside silverlight runtime in the browser your plug-in running inside an IDE your activity running inside a windows workflow your code running inside a java EE bean your code inheriting from a COM+ (enterprise services) component etc.. Not all of these are necessarily testability problems. The main testability problem usually comes when your code actually inherits form something inside the system. For example. one of the biggest problems with testing objects like silverlight controls is the way they depend on the silverlight runtime – they don’t implement some silverlight interface, they don’t just call external static methods against the framework runtime that surrounds them – they actually inherit parts of the framework: they all inherit (in this case) from the silverlight DependencyObject Wrapping it up? An inheritance dependency is uniquely challenging to bring under test, because “classic” methods such as wrapping the object under test with a framework wrapper will not work, and the only way to do manually is to create parallel testable objects that get delegated with all the possible actions from the dependencies. In silverlight’s case, that would mean creating your own custom logic class that would be called directly from controls that inherit from silverlight, and would be tested independently of these controls. The pro side is that you get the benefit of understanding the “contract” and the “roles” your system plays against your logic, but unfortunately, more often than not, it can be very tedious to create, and may sometimes feel unnecessary or like code duplication. About perimeters A perimeter is that invisible line that your draw around your pieces of logic during a test, that separate the code under test from any dependencies that it uses. Most of the time, a test perimeter around an object will be the list of seams (dependencies that can be replaced such as interfaces, virtual methods etc.) that are actually replaced for that test or for all the tests. Role based perimeters In the case of creating a wrapper around an object – one really creates a “role based” perimeter around the logic that is being tested – that wrapper takes on roles that are required by the code under test, and also communicates with the host system to implement those roles and provide any inputs to the logic under test. in the image below – we have the code we want to test represented as a star. No perimeter is drawn yet (we haven’t wrapped it up in anything yet). in the image below is what happens when you wrap your logic with a role based wrapper – you get a role based perimeter anywhere your code interacts with the system: There’s another way to bring that code under test – using isolation frameworks like typemock, rhino mocks and MOQ (but if your code inherits from the system, Typemock might be the only way to isolate the code from the system interaction. Ad-Hoc Isolation perimeters the image below shows what I call ad-hoc perimeter that might be vastly different between different tests: This perimeter’s surface is much smaller, because for that specific test, that is all the “change” that is required to the host system behavior. The third way of isolating the code from the host system is the main “meat” of this post: Subterranean perimeters Subterranean perimeters are Deep rooted perimeters - “always on” seams that that can lie very deep in the heart of the host system where they are fully invisible even to the test itself, not just to the code under test. Because they lie deep inside a system you can’t control, the only way I’ve found to control them is with runtime (not compile time) interception of method calls on the system. One way to get such abilities is by using Aspect oriented frameworks – for example, in SilverUnit, I’ve used the CThru AOP framework based on Typemock hooks and CLR profilers to intercept such system level method calls and effectively turn them into seams that lie deep down at the heart of the silverlight runtime. the image below depicts an example of what such a perimeter could look like: As you can see, the actual seams can be very far away form the actual code under test, and as you’ll discover, that’s actually a very good thing. Here is only a partial list of examples of such deep rooted seams : disabling the constructor of a base class five levels below the code under test (this.base.base.base.base) faking static methods of a type that’s being called several levels down the stack: method x() calls y() calls z() calls SomeType.StaticMethod() Replacing an async mechanism with a synchronous one (replacing all timers with your own timer behavior that always Ticks immediately upon calls to “start()” on the same caller thread for example) Replacing event mechanisms with your own event mechanism (to allow “firing” system events) Changing the way the system saves information with your own saving behavior (in silverunit, I replaced all Dependency Property set and get with calls to an in memory value store instead of using the one built into silverlight which threw exceptions without a browser) several questions could jump in: How do you know what to fake? (how do you discover the perimeter?) How do you fake it? Wouldn’t this be problematic - to fake something you don’t own? it might change in the future How do you discover the perimeter to fake? To discover a perimeter all you have to do is start with a wishful invocation. a wishful invocation is the act of trying to invoke a method (or even just create an instance ) of an object using “regular” test code. You invoke the thing that you’d like to do in a real unit test, to see what happens: Can I even create an instance of this object without getting an exception? Can I invoke this method on that instance without getting an exception? Can I verify that some call into the system happened? You make the invocation, get an exception (because there is a dependency) and look at the stack trace. choose a location in the stack trace and disable it. Then try the invocation again. if you don’t get an exception the perimeter is good for that invocation, so you can move to trying out other methods on that object. in a future post I will show the process using CThru, and how you end up with something close to a domain specific test framework after you’re done creating the perimeter you need.

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Reading All Users Session

- by imran_ku07

Introduction : InProc Session is the widely used state management. Storing the session state Inproc is also the fastest method and is well-suited to small amounts of volatile data. Reading and writing current user Session is very easy. But some times we need to read all users session before taking a decision or sometimes we may need to check which users are currently active with the help of Session. But unfortunately there is no class in .Net Framework (i don't found myself) to read all user InProc Session Data. In this article i will use reflection to read all user Inproc Session. Description : This code will work equally in both MVC and webform, but for demonstration i will use a simple webform example. So let's create a simple Website and Add two aspx pages, Default.aspx and Default2.aspx. In Default.aspx just add a link to navigate to Default2.aspx and in Default.aspx.cs just add a Session. Default.aspx: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="Default" %><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html ><head runat="server"> <title>Untitled Page</title></head><body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <a href="Default2.aspx">Click to navigate to next page</a> </div> </form></body></html> Default.aspx.cs: using System;using System.Data;using System.Configuration;using System.Collections;using System.Web;using System.Web.Security;using System.Web.UI;using System.Web.UI.WebControls;using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;public partial class Default : System.Web.UI.Page{ protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { Session["User"] = "User" + DateTime.Now; }} Now when every user click this link will navigate to Default2.aspx where all the magic appears.Default2.aspx.cs: using System;using System.Data;using System.Configuration;using System.Collections;using System.Web;using System.Web.Security;using System.Web.UI;using System.Web.UI.WebControls;using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;using System.Reflection;using System.Web.SessionState;public partial class Default2 : System.Web.UI.Page{ protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { object obj = typeof(HttpRuntime).GetProperty("CacheInternal", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static).GetValue(null, null); Hashtable c2 = (Hashtable)obj.GetType().GetField("_entries", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance).GetValue(obj); foreach (DictionaryEntry entry in c2) { object o1 = entry.Value.GetType().GetProperty("Value", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance).GetValue(entry.Value, null); if (o1.GetType().ToString() == "System.Web.SessionState.InProcSessionState") { SessionStateItemCollection sess = (SessionStateItemCollection)o1.GetType().GetField("_sessionItems", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance).GetValue(o1); if (sess != null) { if (sess["User"] != null) { Label1.Text += sess["User"] + " is Active.<br>"; } } } } }} Now just open more than one browsers or more than one browser instance and then navigate to Default.aspx and click the link, you will see all the user's Session data. How this works : InProc session data is stored in the HttpRuntime’s internal cache in an implementation of ISessionStateItemCollection that implements ICollection. In this code, first of all i got CacheInternal Static Property of HttpRuntime class and then with the help of this object i got _entries private member which is of type ICollection. Then simply enumerate this dictionary and only take object of type System.Web.SessionState.InProcSessionState and finaly got SessionStateItemCollection for each user.Summary : In this article, I shows you how you can get all current user Sessions. However one thing you will find when executing this code is that it will not show the current user Session which is set in the current request context because Session will be saved after all the Page Events.

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Easier ASP.NET MVC Routing

- by Steve Wilkes

I've recently refactored the way Routes are declared in an ASP.NET MVC application I'm working on, and I wanted to share part of the system I came up with; a really easy way to declare and keep track of ASP.NET MVC Routes, which then allows you to find the name of the Route which has been selected for the current request. Traditional MVC Route Declaration Traditionally, ASP.NET MVC Routes are added to the application's RouteCollection using overloads of the RouteCollection.MapRoute() method; for example, this is the standard way the default Route which matches /controller/action URLs is created: routes.MapRoute( "Default", "{controller}/{action}/{id}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }); The first argument declares that this Route is to be named 'Default', the second specifies the Route's URL pattern, and the third contains the URL pattern segments' default values. To then write a link to a URL which matches the default Route in a View, you can use the HtmlHelper.RouteLink() method, like this: @ this.Html.RouteLink("Default", new { controller = "Orders", action = "Index" }) ...that substitutes 'Orders' into the {controller} segment of the default Route's URL pattern, and 'Index' into the {action} segment. The {Id} segment was declared optional and isn't specified here. That's about the most basic thing you can do with MVC routing, and I already have reservations: I've duplicated the magic string "Default" between the Route declaration and the use of RouteLink(). This isn't likely to cause a problem for the default Route, but once you get to dozens of Routes the duplication is a pain. There's no easy way to get from the RouteLink() method call to the declaration of the Route itself, so getting the names of the Route's URL parameters correct requires some effort. The call to MapRoute() is quite verbose; with dozens of Routes this gets pretty ugly. If at some point during a request I want to find out the name of the Route has been matched.... and I can't. To get around these issues, I wanted to achieve the following: Make declaring a Route very easy, using as little code as possible. Introduce a direct link between where a Route is declared, where the Route is defined and where the Route's name is used, so I can use Visual Studio's Go To Definition to get from a call to RouteLink() to the declaration of the Route I'm using, making it easier to make sure I use the correct URL parameters. Create a way to access the currently-selected Route's name during the execution of a request. My first step was to come up with a quick and easy syntax for declaring Routes. 1 . An Easy Route Declaration Syntax I figured the easiest way of declaring a route was to put all the information in a single string with a special syntax. For example, the default MVC route would be declared like this: "{controller:Home}/{action:Index}/{Id}*" This contains the same information as the regular way of defining a Route, but is far more compact: The default values for each URL segment are specified in a colon-separated section after the segment name The {Id} segment is declared as optional simply by placing a * after it That's the default route - a pretty simple example - so how about this? routes.MapRoute( "CustomerOrderList", "Orders/{customerRef}/{pageNo}", new { controller = "Orders", action = "List", pageNo = UrlParameter.Optional }, new { customerRef = "^[a-zA-Z0-9]+$", pageNo = "^[0-9]+$" }); This maps to the List action on the Orders controller URLs which: Start with the string Orders/ Then have a {customerRef} set of characters and numbers Then optionally a numeric {pageNo}. And again, it’s quite verbose. Here's my alternative: "Orders/{customerRef:^[a-zA-Z0-9]+$}/{pageNo:^[0-9]+$}*->Orders/List" Quite a bit more brief, and again, containing the same information as the regular way of declaring Routes: Regular expression constraints are declared after the colon separator, the same as default values The target controller and action are specified after the -> The {pageNo} is defined as optional by placing a * after it With an appropriate parser that gave me a nice, compact and clear way to declare routes. Next I wanted to have a single place where Routes were declared and accessed. 2. A Central Place to Declare and Access Routes I wanted all my Routes declared in one, dedicated place, which I would also use for Route names when calling RouteLink(). With this in mind I made a single class named Routes with a series of public, constant fields, each one relating to a particular Route. With this done, I figured a good place to actually declare each Route was in an attribute on the field defining the Route’s name; the attribute would parse the Route definition string and make the resulting Route object available as a property. I then made the Routes class examine its own fields during its static setup, and cache all the attribute-created Route objects in an internal Dictionary. Finally I made Routes use that cache to register the Routes when requested, and to access them later when required. So the Routes class declares its named Routes like this: public static class Routes{ [RouteDefinition("Orders/{customerName}->Orders/Index")] public const string OrdersCustomerIndex = "OrdersCustomerIndex"; [RouteDefinition("Orders/{customerName}/{orderId:^([0-9]+)$}->Orders/Details")] public const string OrdersDetails = "OrdersDetails"; [RouteDefinition("{controller:Home}*/{action:Index}*")] public const string Default = "Default"; } ...which are then used like this: @ this.Html.RouteLink(Routes.Default, new { controller = "Orders", action = "Index" }) Now that using Go To Definition on the Routes.Default constant takes me to where the Route is actually defined, it's nice and easy to quickly check on the parameter names when using RouteLink(). Finally, I wanted to be able to access the name of the current Route during a request. 3. Recovering the Route Name The RouteDefinitionAttribute creates a NamedRoute class; a simple derivative of Route, but with a Name property. When the Routes class examines its fields and caches all the defined Routes, it has access to the name of the Route through the name of the field against which it is defined. It was therefore a pretty easy matter to have Routes give NamedRoute its name when it creates its cache of Routes. This means that the Route which is found in RequestContext.RouteData.Route is now a NamedRoute, and I can recover the Route's name during a request. For visibility, I made NamedRoute.ToString() return the Route name and URL pattern, like this: The screenshot is from an example project I’ve made on bitbucket; it contains all the named route classes and an MVC 3 application which demonstrates their use. I’ve found this way of defining and using Routes much tidier than the default MVC system, and you find it useful too

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Controlar Autentificación Crystal Reports

- by Jason Ulloa

Para todos los que hemos trabajamos con Crystal Reports, no es un secreto que cuando tratamos de conectar nuestro reporte directamente a la base de datos, se nos viene encima el problema de autenticación. Es decir nuestro reporte al momento de iniciar la carga nos solicita autentificarnos en el servidor y sino lo hacemos, simplemente no veremos el reporte. Esto, además de ser tedioso para los usuarios se convierte en un problema de seguridad bastante grande, de ahí que en la mayoría de los casos se recomienda utilizar dataset. Sin embargo, para todos los que aún sabiendo esto no desean utilizar datasets, sino que, quieren conectar su crystal directamente veremos como implementar una pequeña clase que nos ayudará con esa tarea. Generalmente, cuando trabajamos con una aplicación web, nuestra cadena de conexión esta incluida en el web.config y también en muchas ocasiones contiene los datos como el usuario y password para acceder a la base de datos. De esta cadena de conexión y estos datos es de los que nos ayudaremos para implementar la autentificación en el reporte. Generalmente, la cadena de conexión se vería así <connectionStrings> <remove name="LocalSqlServer"/> <add name="xxx" connectionString="Data Source=.\SqlExpress;Integrated Security=False;Initial Catalog=xxx;user id=myuser;password=mypass" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"/> </connectionStrings> Para nuestro ejemplo, nombraremos a nuestra clase CrystalRules (es solo algo que pensé de momento) 1. Primer Paso Creamos una variable de tipo SqlConnectionStringBuilder, a la cual le asignaremos la cadena de conexión que definimos en el web.config, y que luego utilizaremos para obtener los datos del usuario y el password para el crystal report. SqlConnectionStringBuilder builder = new SqlConnectionStringBuilder(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["xxx"].ConnectionString); 2. Implementación de propiedad Para ser más ordenados crearemos varias propiedad de tipo Privado, que se encargarán de recibir los datos de: La Base de datos, el password, el usuario y el servidor private string _dbName; private string _serverName; private string _userID; private string _passWord; private string dataBase { get { return _dbName; } set { _dbName = value; } } private string serverName { get { return _serverName; } set { _serverName = value; } } private string userName { get { return _userID; } set { _userID = value; } } private string dataBasePassword { get { return _passWord; } set { _passWord = value; } } 3. Creación del Método para aplicar los datos de conexión Una vez que ya tenemos las propiedades, asignaremos a las variables los valores que se han recogido en el SqlConnectionStringBuilder. Y crearemos una variable de tipo ConnectionInfo para aplicar los datos de conexión. internal void ApplyInfo(ReportDocument _oRpt) { dataBase = builder.InitialCatalog; serverName = builder.DataSource; userName = builder.UserID; dataBasePassword = builder.Password; Database oCRDb = _oRpt.Database; Tables oCRTables = oCRDb.Tables; //Table oCRTable = default(Table); TableLogOnInfo oCRTableLogonInfo = default(TableLogOnInfo); ConnectionInfo oCRConnectionInfo = new ConnectionInfo(); oCRConnectionInfo.DatabaseName = _dbName; oCRConnectionInfo.ServerName = _serverName; oCRConnectionInfo.UserID = _userID; oCRConnectionInfo.Password = _passWord; foreach (Table oCRTable in oCRTables) { oCRTableLogonInfo = oCRTable.LogOnInfo; oCRTableLogonInfo.ConnectionInfo = oCRConnectionInfo; oCRTable.ApplyLogOnInfo(oCRTableLogonInfo); } } 4. Creación del report document y aplicación de la seguridad Una vez recogidos los datos y asignados, crearemos un elemento report document al cual le asignaremos el CrystalReportViewer y le aplicaremos los datos de acceso que obtuvimos anteriormente public void loadReport(string repName, CrystalReportViewer viewer) { // attached our report to viewer and set database login. ReportDocument report = new ReportDocument(); report.Load(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~/Reports/" + repName)); ApplyInfo(report); viewer.ReportSource = report; } Al final, nuestra clase completa ser vería así public class CrystalRules { SqlConnectionStringBuilder builder = new SqlConnectionStringBuilder(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["Fatchoy.Data.Properties.Settings.FatchoyConnectionString"].ConnectionString); private string _dbName; private string _serverName; private string _userID; private string _passWord; private string dataBase { get { return _dbName; } set { _dbName = value; } } private string serverName { get { return _serverName; } set { _serverName = value; } } private string userName { get { return _userID; } set { _userID = value; } } private string dataBasePassword { get { return _passWord; } set { _passWord = value; } } internal void ApplyInfo(ReportDocument _oRpt) { dataBase = builder.InitialCatalog; serverName = builder.DataSource; userName = builder.UserID; dataBasePassword = builder.Password; Database oCRDb = _oRpt.Database; Tables oCRTables = oCRDb.Tables; //Table oCRTable = default(Table); TableLogOnInfo oCRTableLogonInfo = default(TableLogOnInfo); ConnectionInfo oCRConnectionInfo = new ConnectionInfo(); oCRConnectionInfo.DatabaseName = _dbName; oCRConnectionInfo.ServerName = _serverName; oCRConnectionInfo.UserID = _userID; oCRConnectionInfo.Password = _passWord; foreach (Table oCRTable in oCRTables) { oCRTableLogonInfo = oCRTable.LogOnInfo; oCRTableLogonInfo.ConnectionInfo = oCRConnectionInfo; oCRTable.ApplyLogOnInfo(oCRTableLogonInfo); } } public void loadReport(string repName, CrystalReportViewer viewer) { // attached our report to viewer and set database login. ReportDocument report = new ReportDocument(); report.Load(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~/Reports/" + repName)); ApplyInfo(report); viewer.ReportSource = report; } #region instance private static CrystalRules m_instance; // Properties public static CrystalRules Instance { get { if (m_instance == null) { m_instance = new CrystalRules(); } return m_instance; } } public DataDataContext m_DataContext { get { return DataDataContext.Instance; } } #endregion instance } Si bien, la solución no es robusta y no es la mas segura. En casos de uso como una intranet y cuando estamos contra tiempo, podría ser de gran ayuda.

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C#: Optional Parameters - Pros and Pitfalls

- by James Michael Hare

When Microsoft rolled out Visual Studio 2010 with C# 4, I was very excited to learn how I could apply all the new features and enhancements to help make me and my team more productive developers. Default parameters have been around forever in C++, and were intentionally omitted in Java in favor of using overloading to satisfy that need as it was though that having too many default parameters could introduce code safety issues. To some extent I can understand that move, as I’ve been bitten by default parameter pitfalls before, but at the same time I feel like Java threw out the baby with the bathwater in that move and I’m glad to see C# now has them. This post briefly discusses the pros and pitfalls of using default parameters. I’m avoiding saying cons, because I really don’t believe using default parameters is a negative thing, I just think there are things you must watch for and guard against to avoid abuses that can cause code safety issues. Pro: Default Parameters Can Simplify Code Let’s start out with positives. Consider how much cleaner it is to reduce all the overloads in methods or constructors that simply exist to give the semblance of optional parameters. For example, we could have a Message class defined which allows for all possible initializations of a Message: 1: public class Message 2: { 3: // can either cascade these like this or duplicate the defaults (which can introduce risk) 4: public Message() 5: : this(string.Empty) 6: { 7: } 8: 9: public Message(string text) 10: : this(text, null) 11: { 12: } 13: 14: public Message(string text, IDictionary<string, string> properties) 15: : this(text, properties, -1) 16: { 17: } 18: 19: public Message(string text, IDictionary<string, string> properties, long timeToLive) 20: { 21: // ... 22: } 23: } Now consider the same code with default parameters: 1: public class Message 2: { 3: // can either cascade these like this or duplicate the defaults (which can introduce risk) 4: public Message(string text = "", IDictionary<string, string> properties = null, long timeToLive = -1) 5: { 6: // ... 7: } 8: } Much more clean and concise and no repetitive coding! In addition, in the past if you wanted to be able to cleanly supply timeToLive and accept the default on text and properties above, you would need to either create another overload, or pass in the defaults explicitly. With named parameters, though, we can do this easily: 1: var msg = new Message(timeToLive: 100); Pro: Named Parameters can Improve Readability I must say one of my favorite things with the default parameters addition in C# is the named parameters. It lets code be a lot easier to understand visually with no comments. Think how many times you’ve run across a TimeSpan declaration with 4 arguments and wondered if they were passing in days/hours/minutes/seconds or hours/minutes/seconds/milliseconds. A novice running through your code may wonder what it is. Named arguments can help resolve the visual ambiguity: 1: // is this days/hours/minutes/seconds (no) or hours/minutes/seconds/milliseconds (yes) 2: var ts = new TimeSpan(1, 2, 3, 4); 3: 4: // this however is visually very explicit 5: var ts = new TimeSpan(days: 1, hours: 2, minutes: 3, seconds: 4); Or think of the times you’ve run across something passing a Boolean literal and wondered what it was: 1: // what is false here? 2: var sub = CreateSubscriber(hostname, port, false); 3: 4: // aha! Much more visibly clear 5: var sub = CreateSubscriber(hostname, port, isBuffered: false); Pitfall: Don't Insert new Default Parameters In Between Existing Defaults Now let’s consider a two potential pitfalls. The first is really an abuse. It’s not really a fault of the default parameters themselves, but a fault in the use of them. Let’s consider that Message constructor again with defaults. Let’s say you want to add a messagePriority to the message and you think this is more important than a timeToLive value, so you decide to put messagePriority before it in the default, this gives you: 1: public class Message 2: { 3: public Message(string text = "", IDictionary<string, string> properties = null, int priority = 5, long timeToLive = -1) 4: { 5: // ... 6: } 7: } Oh boy have we set ourselves up for failure! Why? Think of all the code out there that could already be using the library that already specified the timeToLive, such as this possible call: 1: var msg = new Message(“An error occurred”, myProperties, 1000); Before this specified a message with a TTL of 1000, now it specifies a message with a priority of 1000 and a time to live of -1 (infinite). All of this with NO compiler errors or warnings. So the rule to take away is if you are adding new default parameters to a method that’s currently in use, make sure you add them to the end of the list or create a brand new method or overload. Pitfall: Beware of Default Parameters in Inheritance and Interface Implementation Now, the second potential pitfalls has to do with inheritance and interface implementation. I’ll illustrate with a puzzle: 1: public interface ITag 2: { 3: void WriteTag(string tagName = "ITag"); 4: } 5: 6: public class BaseTag : ITag 7: { 8: public virtual void WriteTag(string tagName = "BaseTag") { Console.WriteLine(tagName); } 9: } 10: 11: public class SubTag : BaseTag 12: { 13: public override void WriteTag(string tagName = "SubTag") { Console.WriteLine(tagName); } 14: } 15: 16: public static class Program 17: { 18: public static void Main() 19: { 20: SubTag subTag = new SubTag(); 21: BaseTag subByBaseTag = subTag; 22: ITag subByInterfaceTag = subTag; 23: 24: // what happens here? 25: subTag.WriteTag(); 26: subByBaseTag.WriteTag(); 27: subByInterfaceTag.WriteTag(); 28: } 29: } What happens? Well, even though the object in each case is SubTag whose tag is “SubTag”, you will get: 1: SubTag 2: BaseTag 3: ITag Why? Because default parameter are resolved at compile time, not runtime! This means that the default does not belong to the object being called, but by the reference type it’s being called through. Since the SubTag instance is being called through an ITag reference, it will use the default specified in ITag. So the moral of the story here is to be very careful how you specify defaults in interfaces or inheritance hierarchies. I would suggest avoiding repeating them, and instead concentrating on the layer of classes or interfaces you must likely expect your caller to be calling from. For example, if you have a messaging factory that returns an IMessage which can be either an MsmqMessage or JmsMessage, it only makes since to put the defaults at the IMessage level since chances are your user will be using the interface only. So let’s sum up. In general, I really love default and named parameters in C# 4.0. I think they’re a great tool to help make your code easier to read and maintain when used correctly. On the plus side, default parameters: Reduce redundant overloading for the sake of providing optional calling structures. Improve readability by being able to name an ambiguous argument. But remember to make sure you: Do not insert new default parameters in the middle of an existing set of default parameters, this may cause unpredictable behavior that may not necessarily throw a syntax error – add to end of list or create new method. Be extremely careful how you use default parameters in inheritance hierarchies and interfaces – choose the most appropriate level to add the defaults based on expected usage. Technorati Tags: C#,.NET,Software,Default Parameters

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Conversion of BizTalk Projects to Use the New WCF-SAP Adaptor

- by Geordie

We are in the process of upgrading our BizTalk Environment from BizTalk 2006 R2 to BizTalk 2010. The SAP adaptor in BizTalk 2010 is an all new and more powerful WCF-SAP adaptor. When my colleagues tested out the new adaptor they discovered that the format of the data extracted from SAP was not identical to the old adaptor. This is not a big deal if the structure of the messages from SAP is simple. In this case we were receiving the delivery and invoice iDocs. Both these structures are complex especially the delivery document. Over the past few years I have tweaked the delivery mapping to remove bugs from original mapping. The idea of redoing these maps did not appeal and due to the current work load was not even an option. I opted for a rather crude alternative of pulling in the iDoc in the new typed format and then adding a static map at the start of the orchestration to convert the data to the old schema. Note WCF-SAP data formats (on the binding tab of the configuration dialog box is the ‘RecieiveIdocFormat’ field): Typed: Returns a XML document with the hierarchy represented in XML and all fields being represented by XML tags. RFC: Returns an XML document with the hierarchy represented in XML but the iDoc lines in flat file format. String: This returns the iDoc in a format that is closest to the original flat file format but is still wrapped with some top level XML tags. The files also contained some strange characters at the end of each line. I started with the invoice document and it was quite straight forward to add the mapping but this is where my problems started. The orchestrations for these documents are dynamic and so require the identity of the partner to be able to correctly configure the orchestration. The partner identity is in the EDI_DC40 segment of the iDoc. In the old project the RECPRN node of the segment was promoted. The code to set a variable to the partner ID was now failing. After lot of head scratching I discovered the problem was due to the addition of Namespaces to the fields in the EDI_DC40 segment. To overcome this I needed to use an xPath query with a Namespace Manager. This had to be done in custom code. I now tried to repeat the process with the delivery document. Unfortunately when we tried to get sample typed data from SAP an exception was thrown. The adapter "WCF-SAP" raised an error message. Details "Microsoft.ServiceModel.Channels.Common.XmlReaderGenerationException: The segment or group definition E2EDKA1001 was not found in the IDoc metadata. The UniqueId of the IDoc type is: IDOCTYP/3/DESADV01/ZASNEXT1/640. For Receive operations, the SAP adapter does not support unreleased segments. Our guess is that when the WCF-SAP adaptor tries to down load the data it retrieves a data schema from SAP. For some reason the schema does not match the data. This may be due to the version of SAP we are running or due to a customization. Either way resolving this problem did not look easy. When doing some research on this problem I found an article showing me how to get the data from SAP using the WCF-SAP adaptor without any XML tags. http://blogs.msdn.com/b/adapters/archive/2007/10/05/receiving-idocs-getting-the-raw-idoc-data.aspx Reproduction of Mustansir blog: Since the WCF based SAP Adapter is ... well, WCF based, all data flowing in and out of the adapter is encapsulated within a SOAP message. Which means there are those pesky xml tags all over the place. If you want to receive an Idoc from SAP, you can receive it in "Typed" format (in which case each column in each segment of the idoc appears within its own xml tag), or you can receive it in "String" format (in which case there are just 2 xml tags at the top, the raw xml data in string/flat file format, and the 2 closing xml tags). In "String" format, an incoming idoc (for ORDERS05, containing 5 data records) would look like: <ReceiveIdoc ><idocData>EDI_DC40 8000000000001064985620 E2EDK01005 800000000000106498500000100000001 E2EDK14 8000000000001064985000002000000020111000 E2EDK14 8000000000001064985000003000000020081000 E2EDK14 80000000000010649850000040000000200710 E2EDK14 80000000000010649850000050000000200600</idocData></ReceiveIdoc> (I have trimmed part of the control record so that it fits cleanly here on one line). Now, you're only interested in the IDOC data, and don't care much for the XML tags. It isn't that difficult to write your own pipeline component, or even some logic in the orchestration to remove the tags, right? Well, you don't need to write any extra code at all - the WCF Adapter can help you here! During the configuration of your one-way Receive Location using WCF-Custom, navigate to the Messages tab. Under the section "Inbound BizTalk Messge Body", select the "Path" radio button, and: (a) Enter the body path expression as: /*[local-name()='ReceiveIdoc']/*[local-name()='idocData'] (b) Choose "String" for the Node Encoding. What we've done is, used an XPATH to pull out the value of the "idocData" node from the XML. Your Receive Location will now emit text containing only the idoc data. You can at this point, for example, put the Flat File Pipeline component to convert the flat text into a different xml format based on some other schema you already have, and receive your version of the xml formatted message in your orchestration. This was potentially a much easier solution than adding the static maps to the orchestrations and overcame the issue with ‘Typed’ delivery documents. Not quite so fast… Note: When I followed Mustansir’s blog the characters at the end of each line disappeared. After configuring the adaptor and passing the iDoc data into the original flat file receive pipelines I was receiving exceptions. There was a failure executing the receive pipeline: "PAPINETPipelines.DeliveryFlatFileReceive, CustomerIntegration2.PAPINET.Pipelines, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=4ca3635fbf092bbb" Source: "Pipeline " Receive Port: "recSAP_Delivery" URI: "D:\CustomerIntegration2\SAP\Delivery\*.xml" Reason: An error occurred when parsing the incoming document: "Unexpected data found while looking for: 'Z2EDPZ7' The current definition being parsed is E2EDP07GRP. The stream offset where the error occured is 8859. The line number where the error occured is 23. The column where the error occured is 0.". Although the new flat file looked the same as the old one there was a differences. In the original file all lines in the document were exactly 1064 character long. In the new file all lines were truncated to the last alphanumeric character. The final piece of the puzzle was to add a custom pipeline component to pad all the lines to 1064 characters. This component was added to the decode node of the custom delivery and invoice flat file disassembler pipelines. Execute method of the custom pipeline component: public IBaseMessage Execute(IPipelineContext pc, IBaseMessage inmsg) { //Convert Stream to a string Stream s = null; IBaseMessagePart bodyPart = inmsg.BodyPart; // NOTE inmsg.BodyPart.Data is implemented only as a setter in the http adapter API and a //getter and setter for the file adapter. Use GetOriginalDataStream to get data instead. if (bodyPart != null) s = bodyPart.GetOriginalDataStream(); string newMsg = string.Empty; string strLine; try { StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(s); strLine = sr.ReadLine(); while (strLine != null) { //Execute padding code if (strLine != null) strLine = strLine.PadRight(1064, ' ') + "\r\n"; newMsg += strLine; strLine = sr.ReadLine(); } sr.Close(); } catch (IOException ex) { throw new Exception("Error occured trying to pad the message to 1064 charactors"); } //Convert back to stream and set to Data property inmsg.BodyPart.Data = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(newMsg)); ; //reset the position of the stream to zero inmsg.BodyPart.Data.Position = 0; return inmsg; }

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XNA 2D Collision with specific tiles

- by zenzero

I am new to game programming and to these sites for help. I am making a 2D game but I can't seem to get the collision between my character and certain tiles. I have a map filled with grass tiles and water tiles and I want to keep my character from walking on the water tiles. I have a Tiles class that I use so that the tiles are objects and also has the collision method in it, a TileEngine class used create the map and it also holds a list of Tiles, and the class James which is for my character. I also have a Camera class that centers the camera on my character if that has anything to do with the problem. The character's movement is intended to be restricted to 4 directions(up, down, left, right). As an extra note, the bottom right water tile does have collision, but the collision does not occur for any of the other water tiles. Here is my TileEngine class using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GamerServices; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Media; namespace Test2DGame2 { class TileEngine : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game { //makes a list of Tiles objects public List<Tiles> tilesList = new List<Tiles>(); public TileEngine() {} public static int tileWidth = 64; public static int tileHeight = 64; public int[,] map = { {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, }, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, }, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,}, }; public void drawMap(SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { for (int y = 0; y < map.GetLength(0); y++) { for (int x = 0; x < map.GetLength(1); x++) { //make a Rectangle tilesList[map[y, x]].rectangle = new Rectangle(x * tileWidth, y * tileHeight, tileWidth, tileHeight); //draw the Tiles objects spriteBatch.Draw(tilesList[map[y, x]].texture, tilesList[map[y, x]].rectangle, Color.White); } } } } } Here is my Tiles class using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GamerServices; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Media; namespace Test2DGame2 { class Tiles { public Texture2D texture; public Rectangle rectangle; public Tiles(Texture2D texture) { this.texture = texture; } //check to see if james collides with the tile from the right side public void rightCollision(James james) { if (james.GetBounds().Intersects(rectangle)) { james.position.X = rectangle.Left - james.front.Width; } } } } I have a method for rightCollision because I could only figure out how to get the collisions from specifying directions. and here is the James class for my character using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GamerServices; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Media; namespace Test2DGame2 { class James { public Texture2D front; public Texture2D back; public Texture2D left; public Texture2D right; public Vector2 center; public Vector2 position; public James(Texture2D front) { position = new Vector2(0, 0); this.front = front; center = new Vector2(front.Width / 2, front.Height / 2); } public James(Texture2D front, Vector2 newPosition) { this.front = front; position = newPosition; center = new Vector2(front.Width / 2, front.Height / 2); } public void move(GameTime gameTime) { KeyboardState keyboard = Keyboard.GetState(); float SCALE = 20.0f; float speed = gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.Milliseconds / 100.0f; if (keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.Up)) { position.Y -=speed * SCALE; } else if (keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.Down)) { position.Y += speed * SCALE; } else if (keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) { position.X -= speed * SCALE; } else if (keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.Right)) { position.X += speed * SCALE; } } public void draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { spriteBatch.Draw(front, position, null, Color.White, 0, center, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0.0f); } //get the boundingbox for James public Rectangle GetBounds() { return new Rectangle( (int)position.X, (int)position.Y, front.Width, front.Height); } } }

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Of C# Iterators and Performance

- by James Michael Hare

Some of you reading this will be wondering, "what is an iterator" and think I'm locked in the world of C++. Nope, I'm talking C# iterators. No, not enumerators, iterators. So, for those of you who do not know what iterators are in C#, I will explain it in summary, and for those of you who know what iterators are but are curious of the performance impacts, I will explore that as well. Iterators have been around for a bit now, and there are still a bunch of people who don't know what they are or what they do. I don't know how many times at work I've had a code review on my code and have someone ask me, "what's that yield word do?" Basically, this post came to me as I was writing some extension methods to extend IEnumerable<T> -- I'll post some of the fun ones in a later post. Since I was filtering the resulting list down, I was using the standard C# iterator concept; but that got me wondering: what are the performance implications of using an iterator versus returning a new enumeration? So, to begin, let's look at a couple of methods. This is a new (albeit contrived) method called Every(...). The goal of this method is to access and enumeration and return every nth item in the enumeration (including the first). So Every(2) would return items 0, 2, 4, 6, etc. Now, if you wanted to write this in the traditional way, you may come up with something like this: public static IEnumerable<T> Every<T>(this IEnumerable<T> list, int interval) { List<T> newList = new List<T>(); int count = 0; foreach (var i in list) { if ((count++ % interval) == 0) { newList.Add(i); } } return newList; } So basically this method takes any IEnumerable<T> and returns a new IEnumerable<T> that contains every nth item. Pretty straight forward. The problem? Well, Every<T>(...) will construct a list containing every nth item whether or not you care. What happens if you were searching this result for a certain item and find that item after five tries? You would have generated the rest of the list for nothing. Enter iterators. This C# construct uses the yield keyword to effectively defer evaluation of the next item until it is asked for. This can be very handy if the evaluation itself is expensive or if there's a fair chance you'll never want to fully evaluate a list. We see this all the time in Linq, where many expressions are chained together to do complex processing on a list. This would be very expensive if each of these expressions evaluated their entire possible result set on call. Let's look at the same example function, this time using an iterator: public static IEnumerable<T> Every<T>(this IEnumerable<T> list, int interval) { int count = 0; foreach (var i in list) { if ((count++ % interval) == 0) { yield return i; } } } Notice it does not create a new return value explicitly, the only evidence of a return is the "yield return" statement. What this means is that when an item is requested from the enumeration, it will enter this method and evaluate until it either hits a yield return (in which case that item is returned) or until it exits the method or hits a yield break (in which case the iteration ends. Behind the scenes, this is all done with a class that the CLR creates behind the scenes that keeps track of the state of the iteration, so that every time the next item is asked for, it finds that item and then updates the current position so it knows where to start at next time. It doesn't seem like a big deal, does it? But keep in mind the key point here: it only returns items as they are requested. Thus if there's a good chance you will only process a portion of the return list and/or if the evaluation of each item is expensive, an iterator may be of benefit. This is especially true if you intend your methods to be chainable similar to the way Linq methods can be chained. For example, perhaps you have a List<int> and you want to take every tenth one until you find one greater than 10. We could write that as: List<int> someList = new List<int>(); // fill list here someList.Every(10).TakeWhile(i => i <= 10); Now is the difference more apparent? If we use the first form of Every that makes a copy of the list. It's going to copy the entire list whether we will need those items or not, that can be costly! With the iterator version, however, it will only take items from the list until it finds one that is > 10, at which point no further items in the list are evaluated. So, sounds neat eh? But what's the cost is what you're probably wondering. So I ran some tests using the two forms of Every above on lists varying from 5 to 500,000 integers and tried various things. Now, iteration isn't free. If you are more likely than not to iterate the entire collection every time, iterator has some very slight overhead: Copy vs Iterator on 100% of Collection (10,000 iterations) Collection Size Num Iterated Type Total ms 5 5 Copy 5 5 5 Iterator 5 50 50 Copy 28 50 50 Iterator 27 500 500 Copy 227 500 500 Iterator 247 5000 5000 Copy 2266 5000 5000 Iterator 2444 50,000 50,000 Copy 24,443 50,000 50,000 Iterator 24,719 500,000 500,000 Copy 250,024 500,000 500,000 Iterator 251,521 Notice that when iterating over the entire produced list, the times for the iterator are a little better for smaller lists, then getting just a slight bit worse for larger lists. In reality, given the number of items and iterations, the result is near negligible, but just to show that iterators come at a price. However, it should also be noted that the form of Every that returns a copy will have a left-over collection to garbage collect. However, if we only partially evaluate less and less through the list, the savings start to show and make it well worth the overhead. Let's look at what happens if you stop looking after 80% of the list: Copy vs Iterator on 80% of Collection (10,000 iterations) Collection Size Num Iterated Type Total ms 5 4 Copy 5 5 4 Iterator 5 50 40 Copy 27 50 40 Iterator 23 500 400 Copy 215 500 400 Iterator 200 5000 4000 Copy 2099 5000 4000 Iterator 1962 50,000 40,000 Copy 22,385 50,000 40,000 Iterator 19,599 500,000 400,000 Copy 236,427 500,000 400,000 Iterator 196,010 Notice that the iterator form is now operating quite a bit faster. But the savings really add up if you stop on average at 50% (which most searches would typically do): Copy vs Iterator on 50% of Collection (10,000 iterations) Collection Size Num Iterated Type Total ms 5 2 Copy 5 5 2 Iterator 4 50 25 Copy 25 50 25 Iterator 16 500 250 Copy 188 500 250 Iterator 126 5000 2500 Copy 1854 5000 2500 Iterator 1226 50,000 25,000 Copy 19,839 50,000 25,000 Iterator 12,233 500,000 250,000 Copy 208,667 500,000 250,000 Iterator 122,336 Now we see that if we only expect to go on average 50% into the results, we tend to shave off around 40% of the time. And this is only for one level deep. If we are using this in a chain of query expressions it only adds to the savings. So my recommendation? If you have a resonable expectation that someone may only want to partially consume your enumerable result, I would always tend to favor an iterator. The cost if they iterate the whole thing does not add much at all -- and if they consume only partially, you reap some really good performance gains. Next time I'll discuss some of my favorite extensions I've created to make development life a little easier and maintainability a little better.

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Android - Create a custom multi-line ListView bound to an ArrayList

- by Bill Osuch

The Android HelloListView tutorial shows how to bind a ListView to an array of string objects, but you'll probably outgrow that pretty quickly. This post will show you how to bind the ListView to an ArrayList of custom objects, as well as create a multi-line ListView. Let's say you have some sort of search functionality that returns a list of people, along with addresses and phone numbers. We're going to display that data in three formatted lines for each result, and make it clickable. First, create your new Android project, and create two layout files. Main.xml will probably already be created by default, so paste this in: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"> <TextView android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Custom ListView Contents" android:gravity="center_vertical|center_horizontal" android:layout_width="fill_parent" /> <ListView android:id="@+id/ListView01" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="fill_parent"/> </LinearLayout> Next, create a layout file called custom_row_view.xml. This layout will be the template for each individual row in the ListView. You can use pretty much any type of layout - Relative, Table, etc., but for this we'll just use Linear: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"> <TextView android:id="@+id/name" android:textSize="14sp" android:textStyle="bold" android:textColor="#FFFF00" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> <TextView android:id="@+id/cityState" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> <TextView android:id="@+id/phone" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> </LinearLayout> Now, add an object called SearchResults. Paste this code in: public class SearchResults { private String name = ""; private String cityState = ""; private String phone = ""; public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setCityState(String cityState) { this.cityState = cityState; } public String getCityState() { return cityState; } public void setPhone(String phone) { this.phone = phone; } public String getPhone() { return phone; } } This is the class that we'll be filling with our data, and loading into an ArrayList. Next, you'll need a custom adapter. This one just extends the BaseAdapter, but you could extend the ArrayAdapter if you prefer. public class MyCustomBaseAdapter extends BaseAdapter { private static ArrayList<SearchResults> searchArrayList; private LayoutInflater mInflater; public MyCustomBaseAdapter(Context context, ArrayList<SearchResults> results) { searchArrayList = results; mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context); } public int getCount() { return searchArrayList.size(); } public Object getItem(int position) { return searchArrayList.get(position); } public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { ViewHolder holder; if (convertView == null) { convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.custom_row_view, null); holder = new ViewHolder(); holder.txtName = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.name); holder.txtCityState = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.cityState); holder.txtPhone = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.phone); convertView.setTag(holder); } else { holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag(); } holder.txtName.setText(searchArrayList.get(position).getName()); holder.txtCityState.setText(searchArrayList.get(position).getCityState()); holder.txtPhone.setText(searchArrayList.get(position).getPhone()); return convertView; } static class ViewHolder { TextView txtName; TextView txtCityState; TextView txtPhone; } } (This is basically the same as the List14.java API demo) Finally, we'll wire it all up in the main class file: public class CustomListView extends Activity { @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); ArrayList<SearchResults> searchResults = GetSearchResults(); final ListView lv1 = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.ListView01); lv1.setAdapter(new MyCustomBaseAdapter(this, searchResults)); lv1.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() { @Override public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> a, View v, int position, long id) { Object o = lv1.getItemAtPosition(position); SearchResults fullObject = (SearchResults)o; Toast.makeText(ListViewBlogPost.this, "You have chosen: " + " " + fullObject.getName(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } }); } private ArrayList<SearchResults> GetSearchResults(){ ArrayList<SearchResults> results = new ArrayList<SearchResults>(); SearchResults sr1 = new SearchResults(); sr1.setName("John Smith"); sr1.setCityState("Dallas, TX"); sr1.setPhone("214-555-1234"); results.add(sr1); sr1 = new SearchResults(); sr1.setName("Jane Doe"); sr1.setCityState("Atlanta, GA"); sr1.setPhone("469-555-2587"); results.add(sr1); sr1 = new SearchResults(); sr1.setName("Steve Young"); sr1.setCityState("Miami, FL"); sr1.setPhone("305-555-7895"); results.add(sr1); sr1 = new SearchResults(); sr1.setName("Fred Jones"); sr1.setCityState("Las Vegas, NV"); sr1.setPhone("612-555-8214"); results.add(sr1); return results; } } Notice that we first get an ArrayList of SearchResults objects (normally this would be from an external data source...), pass it to the custom adapter, then set up a click listener. The listener gets the item that was clicked, converts it back to a SearchResults object, and does whatever it needs to do. Fire it up in the emulator, and you should wind up with something like this:

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class hierarchy design for small java project

- by user523956

I have written a java code which does following:- Main goal is to fetch emails from (inbox, spam) folders and store them in database. It fetches emails from gmail,gmx,web.de,yahoo and Hotmail. Following attributes are stored in mysql database. Slno, messagedigest, messageid, foldername, dateandtime, receiver, sender, subject, cc, size and emlfile. For gmail,gmy and web.de, I have used javamail API, because email form it can be fetched with IMAP. For yahoo and hotmail, I have used html parser and httpclient to fetch emails form spam folder and for inbox folder, I have used pop3 javamail API. I want to have proper class hierarchy which makes my code efficient and easily reusable. As of now I have designed class hierarchy as below: I am sure it can still be improved. So I would like to have different opinions on it. I have following classes and methods as of now. MainController:- Here I pass emailid, password and foldername from which emails have to be fetched. Abstract Class :-EmailProtocol Abstract Methods of it (All methods except executeParser contains method definition):- connectImap() // used by gmx,gmail and web.de email ids connectPop3() // used by hotmail and yahoo to fetch emails of inbox folder createMessageDigest // used by every email provider(gmx, gmail,web.de,yahoo,hotmail) establishDBConnection // used by every email emailAlreadyExists // used by every email which checks whether email already exists in db or not, if not then store it. storeemailproperties // used by every email to store emails properties to mysql database executeParser // nothing written in it. Overwridden and used by just hotmail and yahoo to fetch emails form spam folder. Imap extends EmailProtocol (nothing in it. But I have to have it to access methods of EmailProtocol. This is used to fetch emails from gmail,gmx and web.de) I know this is really a bad way but don't know how to do it other way. Hotmsil extends EmailProtocol Methods:- executeParser() :- This is used by just hotmail email id. fetchjunkemails() :- This is also very specific for only hotmail email id. Yahoo extends EmailProtocol Methods:- executeParser() storeEmailtotemptable() MoveEmailtoInbox() getFoldername() nullorEquals() All above methods are specific for yahoo email id. public DateTimeFormat(class) format() //this formats datetime of gmax,gmail and web.de emails. formatYahoodate //this formats datetime of yahoo email. formatHotmaildate // this formats datetime of hotmail email. public StringFormat ConvertStreamToString() // Accessed by every class except DateTimeFormat class. formatFromTo() // Accessed by every class except DateTimeFormat class. public Class CheckDatabaseExistance public static void checkForDatabaseTablesAvailability() (This method checks at the beginnning whether database and required tables exist in mysql or not. if not it creates them) Please see code of my MainController class so that You can have an idea about how I use different classes. public class MainController { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { ArrayList<String> web_de_folders = new ArrayList<String>(); web_de_folders.add("INBOX"); web_de_folders.add("Unbekannt"); web_de_folders.add("Spam"); web_de_folders.add("OUTBOX"); web_de_folders.add("SENT"); web_de_folders.add("DRAFTS"); web_de_folders.add("TRASH"); web_de_folders.add("Trash"); ArrayList<String> gmx_folders = new ArrayList<String>(); gmx_folders.add("INBOX"); gmx_folders.add("Archiv"); gmx_folders.add("Entwürfe"); gmx_folders.add("Gelöscht"); gmx_folders.add("Gesendet"); gmx_folders.add("Spamverdacht"); gmx_folders.add("Trash"); ArrayList<String> gmail_folders = new ArrayList<String>(); gmail_folders.add("Inbox"); gmail_folders.add("[Google Mail]/Spam"); gmail_folders.add("[Google Mail]/Trash"); gmail_folders.add("[Google Mail]/Sent Mail"); ArrayList<String> pop3_folders = new ArrayList<String>(); pop3_folders.add("INBOX"); CheckDatabaseExistance.checkForDatabaseTablesAvailability(); EmailProtocol imap = new Imap(); System.out.println("CHECKING FOR NEW EMAILS IN WEB.DE...(IMAP)"); System.out.println("*********************************************************************************"); imap.connectImap("[email protected]", "pwd", web_de_folders); System.out.println("\nCHECKING FOR NEW EMAILS IN GMX.DE...(IMAP)"); System.out.println("*********************************************************************************"); imap.connectImap("[email protected]", "pwd", gmx_folders); System.out.println("\nCHECKING FOR NEW EMAILS IN GMAIL...(IMAP)"); System.out.println("*********************************************************************************"); imap.connectImap("[email protected]", "pwd", gmail_folders); EmailProtocol yahoo = new Yahoo(); Yahoo y=new Yahoo(); System.out.println("\nEXECUTING YAHOO PARSER"); System.out.println("*********************************************************************************"); y.executeParser("http://de.mc1321.mail.yahoo.com/mc/welcome?ymv=0","[email protected]","pwd"); System.out.println("\nCHECKING FOR NEW EMAILS IN INBOX OF YAHOO (POP3)"); System.out.println("*********************************************************************************"); yahoo.connectPop3("[email protected]","pwd",pop3_folders); System.out.println("\nCHECKING FOR NEW EMAILS IN INBOX OF HOTMAIL (POP3)"); System.out.println("*********************************************************************************"); yahoo.connectPop3("[email protected]","pwd",pop3_folders); EmailProtocol hotmail = new Hotmail(); Hotmail h=new Hotmail(); System.out.println("\nEXECUTING HOTMAIL PARSER"); System.out.println("*********************************************************************************"); h.executeParser("https://login.live.com/ppsecure/post.srf","[email protected]","pwd"); } } I have kept DatetimeFormat and StringFormat class public so that I can access its public methods by just (DatetimeFormat.formatYahoodate for e.g. from different methods). This is the first time I have developed something in java. It serves its purpose but of course code is still not so efficient I think. I need your suggestions on this project.

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xml file save/read error (making a highscore system for XNA game)

- by Eddy

i get an error after i write player name to the file for second or third time (An unhandled exception of type 'System.InvalidOperationException' occurred in System.Xml.dll Additional information: There is an error in XML document (18, 17).) (in highscores load method In data = (HighScoreData)serializer.Deserialize(stream); it stops) the problem is that some how it adds additional "" at the end of my .dat file could anyone tell me how to fix this? the file before save looks: <?xml version="1.0"?> <HighScoreData xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <PlayerName> <string>neil</string> <string>shawn</string> <string>mark</string> <string>cindy</string> <string>sam</string> </PlayerName> <Score> <int>200</int> <int>180</int> <int>150</int> <int>100</int> <int>50</int> </Score> <Count>5</Count> </HighScoreData> the file after save looks: <?xml version="1.0"?> <HighScoreData xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <PlayerName> <string>Nick</string> <string>Nick</string> <string>neil</string> <string>shawn</string> <string>mark</string> </PlayerName> <Score> <int>210</int> <int>210</int> <int>200</int> <int>180</int> <int>150</int> </Score> <Count>5</Count> </HighScoreData>> the part of my code that does all of save load to xml is: DECLARATIONS PART [Serializable] public struct HighScoreData { public string[] PlayerName; public int[] Score; public int Count; public HighScoreData(int count) { PlayerName = new string[count]; Score = new int[count]; Count = count; } } IAsyncResult result = null; bool inputName; HighScoreData data; int Score = 0; public string NAME; public string HighScoresFilename = "highscores.dat"; Game1 constructor public Game1() { graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this); Content.RootDirectory = "Content"; Width = graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth = 960; Height = graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight =640; GamerServicesComponent GSC = new GamerServicesComponent(this); Components.Add(GSC); } Inicialize function (end of it) protected override void Initialize() { //other game code base.Initialize(); string fullpath =Path.Combine(HighScoresFilename); if (!File.Exists(fullpath)) { //If the file doesn't exist, make a fake one... // Create the data to save data = new HighScoreData(5); data.PlayerName[0] = "neil"; data.Score[0] = 200; data.PlayerName[1] = "shawn"; data.Score[1] = 180; data.PlayerName[2] = "mark"; data.Score[2] = 150; data.PlayerName[3] = "cindy"; data.Score[3] = 100; data.PlayerName[4] = "sam"; data.Score[4] = 50; SaveHighScores(data, HighScoresFilename); } } all methods for loading saving and output public static void SaveHighScores(HighScoreData data, string filename) { // Get the path of the save game string fullpath = Path.Combine("highscores.dat"); // Open the file, creating it if necessary FileStream stream = File.Open(fullpath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate); try { // Convert the object to XML data and put it in the stream XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(HighScoreData)); serializer.Serialize(stream, data); } finally { // Close the file stream.Close(); } } /* Load highscores */ public static HighScoreData LoadHighScores(string filename) { HighScoreData data; // Get the path of the save game string fullpath = Path.Combine("highscores.dat"); // Open the file FileStream stream = File.Open(fullpath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Read); try { // Read the data from the file XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(HighScoreData)); data = (HighScoreData)serializer.Deserialize(stream);//this is the line // where program gives an error } finally { // Close the file stream.Close(); } return (data); } /* Save player highscore when game ends */ private void SaveHighScore() { // Create the data to saved HighScoreData data = LoadHighScores(HighScoresFilename); int scoreIndex = -1; for (int i = 0; i < data.Count ; i++) { if (Score > data.Score[i]) { scoreIndex = i; break; } } if (scoreIndex > -1) { //New high score found ... do swaps for (int i = data.Count - 1; i > scoreIndex; i--) { data.PlayerName[i] = data.PlayerName[i - 1]; data.Score[i] = data.Score[i - 1]; } data.PlayerName[scoreIndex] = NAME; //Retrieve User Name Here data.Score[scoreIndex] = Score; // Retrieve score here SaveHighScores(data, HighScoresFilename); } } /* Iterate through data if highscore is called and make the string to be saved*/ public string makeHighScoreString() { // Create the data to save HighScoreData data2 = LoadHighScores(HighScoresFilename); // Create scoreBoardString string scoreBoardString = "Highscores:\n\n"; for (int i = 0; i<5;i++) { scoreBoardString = scoreBoardString + data2.PlayerName[i] + "-" + data2.Score[i] + "\n"; } return scoreBoardString; } when ill make this work i will start this code when i call game over (now i start it when i press some buttons, so i could test it faster) public void InputYourName() { if (result == null && !Guide.IsVisible) { string title = "Name"; string description = "Write your name in order to save your Score"; string defaultText = "Nick"; PlayerIndex playerIndex = new PlayerIndex(); result= Guide.BeginShowKeyboardInput(playerIndex, title, description, defaultText, null, null); // NAME = result.ToString(); } if (result != null && result.IsCompleted) { NAME = Guide.EndShowKeyboardInput(result); result = null; inputName = false; SaveHighScore(); } } this where i call output to the screen (ill call this in highscores meniu section when i am done with debugging) spriteBatch.DrawString(Font1, "" + makeHighScoreString(),new Vector2(500,200), Color.White); }

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Changing CSS with jQuery syntax in Silverlight using jLight

- by Timmy Kokke

Lately I’ve ran into situations where I had to change elements or had to request a value in the DOM from Silverlight. jLight, which was introduced in an earlier article, can help with that. jQuery offers great ways to change CSS during runtime. Silverlight can access the DOM, but it isn’t as easy as jQuery. All examples shown in this article can be looked at in this online demo. The code can be downloaded here. Part 1: The easy stuff Selecting and changing properties is pretty straight forward. Setting the text color in all <B> </B> elements can be done using the following code: jQuery.Select("b").Css("color", "red"); The Css() method is an extension method on jQueryObject which is return by the jQuery.Select() method. The Css() method takes to parameters. The first is the Css style property. All properties used in Css can be entered in this string. The second parameter is the value you want to give the property. In this case the property is “color” and it is changed to “red”. To specify which element you want to select you can add a :selector parameter to the Select() method as shown in the next example. jQuery.Select("b:first").Css("font-family", "sans-serif"); The “:first” pseudo-class selector selects only the first element. This example changes the “font-family” property of the first <B></B> element to “sans-serif”. To make use of intellisense in Visual Studio I’ve added a extension methods to help with the pseudo-classes. In the example below the “font-weight” of every “Even” <LI></LI> is set to “bold”. jQuery.Select("li".Even()).Css("font-weight", "bold"); Because the Css() extension method returns a jQueryObject it is possible to chain calls to Css(). The following example show setting the “color”, “background-color” and the “font-size” of all headers in one go. jQuery.Select(":header").Css("color", "#12FF70") .Css("background-color", "yellow") .Css("font-size", "25px"); Part 2: More complex stuff In only a few cases you need to change only one style property. More often you want to change an entire set op style properties all in one go. You could chain a lot of Css() methods together. A better way is to add a class to a stylesheet and define all properties in there. With the AddClass() method you can set a style class to a set of elements. This example shows how to add the “demostyle” class to all <B></B> in the document. jQuery.Select("b").AddClass("demostyle"); Removing the class works in the same way: jQuery.Select("b").RemoveClass("demostyle"); jLight is build for interacting with to the DOM from Silverlight using jQuery. A jQueryObjectCss object can be used to define different sets of style properties in Silverlight. The over 60 most common Css style properties are defined in the jQueryObjectCss class. A string indexer can be used to access all style properties ( CssObject1[“background-color”] equals CssObject1.BackgroundColor). In the code below, two jQueryObjectCss objects are defined and instantiated. private jQueryObjectCss CssObject1; private jQueryObjectCss CssObject2; public Demo2() { CssObject1 = new jQueryObjectCss { BackgroundColor = "Lime", Color="Black", FontSize = "12pt", FontFamily = "sans-serif", FontWeight = "bold", MarginLeft = 150, LineHeight = "28px", Border = "Solid 1px #880000" }; CssObject2 = new jQueryObjectCss { FontStyle = "Italic", FontSize = "48", Color = "#225522" }; InitializeComponent(); } Now instead of chaining to set all different properties you can just pass one of the jQueryObjectCss objects to the Css() method. In this case all <LI></LI> elements are set to match this object. jQuery.Select("li").Css(CssObject1); When using the jQueryObjectCss objects chaining is still possible. In the following example all headers are given a blue backgroundcolor and the last is set to match CssObject2. jQuery.Select(":header").Css(new jQueryObjectCss{BackgroundColor = "Blue"}) .Eq(-1).Css(CssObject2); Part 3: The fun stuff Having Silverlight call JavaScript and than having JavaScript to call Silverlight requires a lot of plumbing code. Everything has to be registered and strings are passed back and forth to execute the JavaScript. jLight makes this kind of stuff so easy, it becomes fun to use. In a lot of situations jQuery can call a function to decide what to do, setting a style class based on complex expressions for example. jLight can do the same, but the callback methods are defined in Silverlight. This example calls the function() method for each <LI></LI> element. The callback method has to take a jQueryObject, an integer and a string as parameters. In this case jLight differs a bit from the actual jQuery implementation. jQuery uses only the index and the className parameters. A jQueryObject is added to make it simpler to access the attributes and properties of the element. If the text of the listitem starts with a ‘D’ or an ‘M’ the class is set. Otherwise null is returned and nothing happens. private void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { jQuery.Select("li").AddClass(function); } private string function(jQueryObject obj, int index, string className) { if (obj.Text[0] == 'D' || obj.Text[0] == 'M') return "demostyle"; return null; } The last thing I would like to demonstrate uses even more Silverlight and less jLight, but demonstrates the power of the combination. Animating a style property using a Storyboard with easing functions. First a dependency property is defined. In this case it is a double named Intensity. By handling the changed event the color is set using jQuery. public double Intensity { get { return (double)GetValue(IntensityProperty); } set { SetValue(IntensityProperty, value); } } public static readonly DependencyProperty IntensityProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("Intensity", typeof(double), typeof(Demo3), new PropertyMetadata(0.0, IntensityChanged)); private static void IntensityChanged(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e) { var i = (byte)(double)e.NewValue; jQuery.Select("span").Css("color", string.Format("#{0:X2}{0:X2}{0:X2}", i)); } An animation has to be created. This code defines a Storyboard with one keyframe that uses a bounce ease as an easing function. The animation is set to target the Intensity dependency property defined earlier. private Storyboard CreateAnimation(double value) { Storyboard storyboard = new Storyboard(); var da = new DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames(); var d = new EasingDoubleKeyFrame { EasingFunction = new BounceEase(), KeyTime = KeyTime.FromTimeSpan(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1.0)), Value = value }; da.KeyFrames.Add(d); Storyboard.SetTarget(da, this); Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(da, new PropertyPath(Demo3.IntensityProperty)); storyboard.Children.Add(da); return storyboard; } Initially the Intensity is set to 128 which results in a gray color. When one of the buttons is pressed, a new animation is created an played. One to animate to black, and one to animate to white. public Demo3() { InitializeComponent(); Intensity = 128; } private void button2_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { CreateAnimation(255).Begin(); } private void button3_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { CreateAnimation(0).Begin(); } Conclusion As you can see jLight can make the life of a Silverlight developer a lot easier when accessing the DOM. Almost all jQuery functions that are defined in jLight use the same constructions as described above. I’ve tried to stay as close as possible to the real jQuery. Having JavaScript perform callbacks to Silverlight using jLight will be described in more detail in a future tutorial about AJAX or eventing.

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Poner aplicación Asp.Net en modo OFFLINE

- by Jason Ulloa

Una de las opciones que todo aplicación debería tener es el poder ponerse en modo OFFLINE para evitar el acceso de usuarios. Esto es completamente necesario cuando queremos realizar cambios a nuestra aplicación (cambiar algo, poner una actualización, etc) o a nuestra base de datos y evitarnos problemas con los usuarios que se encuentren logueados dentro de la aplicación en ese momento. Muchos ejemplos a través de la Web exponen la forma de realizar esta tarea utilizando dos técnicas: 1. La primera de ellas es utilizar el archivo App_Offline.htm sin embargo, esta técnica tiene un inconveniente. Y es que, una vez que hemos subido el archivo a nuestra aplicación esta se bloquea completamente y no tenemos forma de volver a ponerla ONLINE a menos que eliminemos el archivo. Es decir no podemos controlarla. 2. La segunda de ellas es el utilizar la etiqueta httpRuntime, pero nuevamente tenemos el mismo problema. Al habilitar el modo OFFLINE mediante esta etiqueta, tampoco podremos acceder a un modo de administración para cambiarla. Un ejemplo de la etiqueta httpRuntime <configuration> <system.web> <httpRuntime enable="false" /> </system.web> </configuration> Tomando en cuenta lo anterior, lo mas optimo seria que podamos por medio de alguna pagina de administración colocar nuestro sitio en modo OFFLINE, pero manteniendo el acceso a la pagina de administración para poder volver a cambiar el valor que pondrá nuestra aplicación nuevamente en modo ONLINE. Para ello, utilizaremos el web.config de nuestra aplicación y una pequeña clase que se encargara de Leer y escribir los valores. Lo primero será, abrir nuestro web.config y definir dentro del appSettings dos nuevas KEY que contendrán los valores para el modo OFFLINE de nuestra aplicación: <appSettings> <add key="IsOffline" value="false" /> <add key="IsOfflineMessage" value="Sistema temporalmente no disponible por tareas de mantenimiento." /> </appSettings> En las KEY anteriores tenemos el IsOffLine con value de false, esto es para indicarle a nuestra aplicación que actualmente su modo de funcionamiento es ONLINE, este valor será el que posteriormente cambiemos a TRUE para volver al modo OFFLINE. Nuestra segunda KEY (IsOfflineMessage) posee el value (Sistema temporalmente….) que será mostrado al usuario como un mensaje cuando el sitio este en modo OFFLINE. Una vez definidas nuestras dos KEY en el web.config, escribiremos una clase personalizada para leer y escribir los valores. Así que, agregamos un nuevo elemento de tipo clase al proyecto llamado SettingsRules y la definimos como Public. Está clase contendrá dos métodos, el primero será para leer los valores: public string readIsOnlineSettings(string sectionToRead) { Configuration cfg = WebConfigurationManager.OpenWebConfiguration(System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironment.ApplicationVirtualPath); KeyValueConfigurationElement isOnlineSettings = (KeyValueConfigurationElement)cfg.AppSettings.Settings[sectionToRead]; return isOnlineSettings.Value; } El segundo método, será el encargado de escribir los nuevos valores al web.config public bool saveIsOnlineSettings(string sectionToWrite, string value) { bool succesFullySaved; try { Configuration cfg = WebConfigurationManager.OpenWebConfiguration(System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironment.ApplicationVirtualPath); KeyValueConfigurationElement repositorySettings = (KeyValueConfigurationElement)cfg.AppSettings.Settings[sectionToWrite]; if (repositorySettings != null) { repositorySettings.Value = value; cfg.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified); } succesFullySaved = true; } catch (Exception) { succesFullySaved = false; } return succesFullySaved; } Por último, definiremos en nuestra clase una región llamada instance, que contendrá un método encargado de devolver una instancia de la clase (esto para no tener que hacerlo luego) #region instance private static SettingsRules m_instance; // Properties public static SettingsRules Instance { get { if (m_instance == null) { m_instance = new SettingsRules(); } return m_instance; } } #endregion instance Con esto, nuestra clase principal esta completa. Así que pasaremos a la implementación de las páginas y el resto de código que completará la funcionalidad. Para complementar la tarea del web.config utilizaremos el fabuloso GLOBAL.ASAX, este contendrá el código encargado de detectar si nuestra aplicación tiene el valor de ONLINE o OFFLINE y además de bloquear todas las paginas y directorios excepto el que le hayamos definido como administrador, esto para luego poder volver a configurar el sitio. El evento del Global.Asax que utilizaremos será el Application_BeginRequest protected void Application_BeginRequest(Object sender, EventArgs e) { if (Convert.ToBoolean(SettingsRules.Instance.readIsOnlineSettings("IsOffline"))) { string Virtual = Request.Path.Substring(0, Request.Path.LastIndexOf("/") + 1); if (Virtual.ToLower().IndexOf("/admin/") == -1) { //We don't makes action, is admin section Server.Transfer("~/TemporarilyOfflineMessage.aspx"); } } } La primer Línea del IF, verifica si el atributo del web.config es True o False, si es true toma la dirección WEB que se ha solicitado y la incluimos en un IF para verificar si corresponde a la Sección admin (está sección no es mas que un folder en nuestra aplicación llamado admin y puede ser cambiado a cualquier otro). Si el resultado de ese if es –1 quiere decir que no coincide, entonces, esa será la bandera que nos permitirá bloquear inmediatamente la pagina actual, transfiriendo al usuario a una pagina de mantenimiento. Ahora, en nuestra carpeta Admin crearemos una nueva pagina asp.net llamada OnlineSettings.aspx para actualizar y leer los datos del web.config y una pagina Default.aspx para pruebas. Nuestra página OnlineSettings tendrá dos pasos importantes: 1. Leer los datos actuales de configuración protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (!IsPostBack) { IsOffline.Checked = Convert.ToBoolean(mySettings.readIsOnlineSettings("IsOffline")); OfflineMessage.Text = mySettings.readIsOnlineSettings("IsOfflineMessage"); } } 2. Actualizar los datos con los nuevos valores. protected void UpdateButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string htmlMessage = OfflineMessage.Text.Replace(Environment.NewLine, "<br />"); // Update the Application variables Application.Lock(); if (IsOffline.Checked) { mySettings.saveIsOnlineSettings("IsOffline", "True"); mySettings.saveIsOnlineSettings("IsOfflineMessage", htmlMessage); } else { mySettings.saveIsOnlineSettings("IsOffline", "false"); mySettings.saveIsOnlineSettings("IsOfflineMessage", htmlMessage); } Application.UnLock(); } Por último en la raíz de la aplicación, crearemos una nueva página aspx llamada TemporarilyOfflineMessage.aspx que será la que se muestre cuando se bloquee la aplicación. Al final nuestra aplicación se vería algo así Página bloqueada Configuración del Bloqueo Y para terminar la aplicación de ejemplo

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Cost Comparison Hard Disk Drive to Solid State Drive on Price per Gigabyte - dispelling a myth!

- by tonyrogerson

It is often said that Hard Disk Drive storage is significantly cheaper per GiByte than Solid State Devices – this is wholly inaccurate within the database space. People need to look at the cost of the complete solution and not just a single component part in isolation to what is really required to meet the business requirement. Buying a single Hitachi Ultrastar 600GB 3.5” SAS 15Krpm hard disk drive will cost approximately £239.60 (http://scan.co.uk, 22nd March 2012) compared to an OCZ 600GB Z-Drive R4 CM84 PCIe costing £2,316.54 (http://scan.co.uk, 22nd March 2012); I’ve not included FusionIO ioDrive because there is no public pricing available for it – something I never understand and personally when companies do this I immediately think what are they hiding, luckily in FusionIO’s case the product is proven though is expensive compared to OCZ enterprise offerings. On the face of it the single 15Krpm hard disk has a price per GB of £0.39, the SSD £3.86; this is what you will see in the press and this is what sales people will use in comparing the two technologies – do not be fooled by this bullshit people! What is the requirement? The requirement is the database will have a static size of 400GB kept static through archiving so growth and trim will balance the database size, the client requires resilience, there will be several hundred call centre staff querying the database where queries will read a small amount of data but there will be no hot spot in the data so the randomness will come across the entire 400GB of the database, estimates predict that the IOps required will be approximately 4,000IOps at peak times, because it’s a call centre system the IO latency is important and must remain below 5ms per IO. The balance between read and write is 70% read, 30% write. The requirement is now defined and we have three of the most important pieces of the puzzle – space required, estimated IOps and maximum latency per IO. Something to consider with regard SQL Server; write activity requires synchronous IO to the storage media specifically the transaction log; that means the write thread will wait until the IO is completed and hardened off until the thread can continue execution, the requirement has stated that 30% of the system activity will be write so we can expect a high amount of synchronous activity. The hardware solution needs to be defined; two possible solutions: hard disk or solid state based; the real question now is how many hard disks are required to achieve the IO throughput, the latency and resilience, ditto for the solid state. Hard Drive solution On a test on an HP DL380, P410i controller using IOMeter against a single 15Krpm 146GB SAS drive, the throughput given on a transfer size of 8KiB against a 40GiB file on a freshly formatted disk where the partition is the only partition on the disk thus the 40GiB file is on the outer edge of the drive so more sectors can be read before head movement is required: For 100% sequential IO at a queue depth of 16 with 8 worker threads 43,537 IOps at an average latency of 2.93ms (340 MiB/s), for 100% random IO at the same queue depth and worker threads 3,733 IOps at an average latency of 34.06ms (34 MiB/s). The same test was done on the same disk but the test file was 130GiB: For 100% sequential IO at a queue depth of 16 with 8 worker threads 43,537 IOps at an average latency of 2.93ms (340 MiB/s), for 100% random IO at the same queue depth and worker threads 528 IOps at an average latency of 217.49ms (4 MiB/s). From the result it is clear random performance gets worse as the disk fills up – I’m currently writing an article on short stroking which will cover this in detail. Given the work load is random in nature looking at the random performance of the single drive when only 40 GiB of the 146 GB is used gives near the IOps required but the latency is way out. Luckily I have tested 6 x 15Krpm 146GB SAS 15Krpm drives in a RAID 0 using the same test methodology, for the same test above on a 130 GiB for each drive added the performance boost is near linear, for each drive added throughput goes up by 5 MiB/sec, IOps by 700 IOps and latency reducing nearly 50% per drive added (172 ms, 94 ms, 65 ms, 47 ms, 37 ms, 30 ms). This is because the same 130GiB is spread out more as you add drives 130 / 1, 130 / 2, 130 / 3 etc. so implicit short stroking is occurring because there is less file on each drive so less head movement required. The best latency is still 30 ms but we have the IOps required now, but that’s on a 130GiB file and not the 400GiB we need. Some reality check here: a) the drive randomness is more likely to be 50/50 and not a full 100% but the above has highlighted the effect randomness has on the drive and the more a drive fills with data the worse the effect. For argument sake let us assume that for the given workload we need 8 disks to do the job, for resilience reasons we will need 16 because we need to RAID 1+0 them in order to get the throughput and the resilience, RAID 5 would degrade performance. Cost for hard drives: 16 x £239.60 = £3,833.60 For the hard drives we will need disk controllers and a separate external disk array because the likelihood is that the server itself won’t take the drives, a quick spec off DELL for a PowerVault MD1220 which gives the dual pathing with 16 disks 146GB 15Krpm 2.5” disks is priced at £7,438.00, note its probably more once we had two controller cards to sit in the server in, racking etc. Minimum cost taking the DELL quote as an example is therefore: {Cost of Hardware} / {Storage Required} £7,438.60 / 400 = £18.595 per GB £18.59 per GiB is a far cry from the £0.39 we had been told by the salesman and the myth. Yes, the storage array is composed of 16 x 146 disks in RAID 10 (therefore 8 usable) giving an effective usable storage availability of 1168GB but the actual storage requirement is only 400 and the extra disks have had to be purchased to get the IOps up. Solid State Drive solution A single card significantly exceeds the IOps and latency required, for resilience two will be required. ( £2,316.54 * 2 ) / 400 = £11.58 per GB With the SSD solution only two PCIe sockets are required, no external disk units, no additional controllers, no redundant controllers etc. Conclusion I hope by showing you an example that the myth that hard disk drives are cheaper per GiB than Solid State has now been dispelled - £11.58 per GB for SSD compared to £18.59 for Hard Disk. I’ve not even touched on the running costs, compare the costs of running 18 hard disks, that’s a lot of heat and power compared to two PCIe cards!Just a quick note: I've left a fair amount of information out due to this being a blog! If in doubt, email me :)I'll also deal with the myth that SSD's wear out at a later date as well - that's just way over done still, yes, 5 years ago, but now - no.

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Tracing Silex from PHP to the OS with DTrace

- by cj

In this blog post I show the full stack tracing of Brendan Gregg's php_syscolors.d script in the DTrace Toolkit. The Toolkit contains a dozen very useful PHP DTrace scripts and many more scripts for other languages and the OS. For this example, I'll trace the PHP micro framework Silex, which was the topic of the second of two talks by Dustin Whittle at a recent SF PHP Meetup. His slides are at Silex: From Micro to Full Stack. Installing DTrace and PHP The php_syscolors.d script uses some static PHP probes and some kernel probes. For Oracle Linux I discussed installing DTrace and PHP in DTrace PHP Using Oracle Linux 'playground' Pre-Built Packages. On other platforms with DTrace support, follow your standard procedures to enable DTrace and load the correct providers. The sdt and systrace providers are required in addition to fasttrap. On Oracle Linux, I loaded the DTrace modules like: # modprobe fasttrap # modprobe sdt # modprobe systrace # chmod 666 /dev/dtrace/helper Installing the DTrace Toolkit I download DTraceToolkit-0.99.tar.gz and extracted it: $ tar -zxf DTraceToolkit-0.99.tar.gz The PHP scripts are in the Php directory and examples in the Examples directory. Installing Silex I downloaded the "fat" Silex .tgz file from the download page and extracted it: $ tar -zxf silex_fat.tgz I changed the demonstration silex/web/index.php so I could use the PHP development web server: <?php // web/index.php $filename = __DIR__.preg_replace('#(\?.*)$#', '', $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']); if (php_sapi_name() === 'cli-server' && is_file($filename)) { return false; } require_once __DIR__.'/../vendor/autoload.php'; $app = new Silex\Application(); //$app['debug'] = true; $app->get('/hello', function() { return 'Hello!'; }); $app->run(); ?> Running DTrace The php_syscolors.d script uses the -Z option to dtrace, so it can be started before PHP, i.e. when there are zero of the requested probes available to be traced. I ran DTrace like: # cd DTraceToolkit-0.99/Php # ./php_syscolors.d Next, I started the PHP developer web server in a second terminal: $ cd silex $ php -S localhost:8080 -t web web/index.php At this point, the web server is idle, waiting for requests. DTrace is idle, waiting for the probes in php_syscolors.d to be fired, at which time the action associated with each probe will run. I then loaded the demonstration page in a browser: http://localhost:8080/hello When the request was fulfilled and the simple output of "Hello" was displayed, I ^C'd php and dtrace in their terminals to stop them. DTrace output over a thousand lines long had been generated. Here is one snippet from when run() was invoked: C PID/TID DELTA(us) FILE:LINE TYPE -- NAME ... 1 4765/4765 21 Application.php:487 func -> run 1 4765/4765 29 ClassLoader.php:182 func -> loadClass 1 4765/4765 17 ClassLoader.php:198 func -> findFile 1 4765/4765 31 ":- syscall -> access 1 4765/4765 26 ":- syscall <- access 1 4765/4765 16 ClassLoader.php:198 func <- findFile 1 4765/4765 25 ":- syscall -> newlstat 1 4765/4765 15 ":- syscall <- newlstat 1 4765/4765 13 ":- syscall -> newlstat 1 4765/4765 13 ":- syscall <- newlstat 1 4765/4765 22 ":- syscall -> newlstat 1 4765/4765 14 ":- syscall <- newlstat 1 4765/4765 15 ":- syscall -> newlstat 1 4765/4765 60 ":- syscall <- newlstat 1 4765/4765 13 ":- syscall -> newlstat 1 4765/4765 13 ":- syscall <- newlstat 1 4765/4765 20 ":- syscall -> open 1 4765/4765 16 ":- syscall <- open 1 4765/4765 26 ":- syscall -> newfstat 1 4765/4765 12 ":- syscall <- newfstat 1 4765/4765 17 ":- syscall -> newfstat 1 4765/4765 12 ":- syscall <- newfstat 1 4765/4765 12 ":- syscall -> newfstat 1 4765/4765 12 ":- syscall <- newfstat 1 4765/4765 20 ":- syscall -> mmap 1 4765/4765 14 ":- syscall <- mmap 1 4765/4765 3201 ":- syscall -> mmap 1 4765/4765 27 ":- syscall <- mmap 1 4765/4765 1233 ":- syscall -> munmap 1 4765/4765 53 ":- syscall <- munmap 1 4765/4765 15 ":- syscall -> close 1 4765/4765 13 ":- syscall <- close 1 4765/4765 34 Request.php:32 func -> main 1 4765/4765 22 Request.php:32 func <- main 1 4765/4765 31 ClassLoader.php:182 func <- loadClass 1 4765/4765 33 Request.php:249 func -> createFromGlobals 1 4765/4765 29 Request.php:198 func -> __construct 1 4765/4765 24 Request.php:218 func -> initialize 1 4765/4765 26 ClassLoader.php:182 func -> loadClass 1 4765/4765 89 ClassLoader.php:198 func -> findFile 1 4765/4765 43 ":- syscall -> access ... The output shows PHP functions being called and returning (and where they are located) and which system calls the PHP functions in turn invoked. The time each line took from the previous one is displayed in the third column. The first column is the CPU number. In this example, the process was always on CPU 1 so the output is naturally ordered without requiring post-processing, or the D script requiring to be modified to display a time stamp. On a terminal, the output of php_syscolors.d is color-coded according to whether each function is a PHP or system one, hence the file name. Summary With one tool, I was able to trace the interaction of a user application with the operating system. I was able to do this to an application running "live" in a web context. The DTrace Toolkit provides a very handy repository of DTrace information. Even though the PHP scripts were created in the time frame of the original PHP DTrace PECL extension, which only had PHP function entry and return probes, the scripts provide core examples for custom investigation and resolution scripts. You can easily adapt the ideas and and create scripts using the other PHP static probes, which are listed in the PHP Manual. Because DTrace is "always on", you can take advantage of it to resolve development questions or fix production situations.

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ASP.NET MVC 3 Hosting :: Error Handling and CustomErrors in ASP.NET MVC 3 Framework

- by C. Miller

So, what else is new in MVC 3? MVC 3 now has a GlobalFilterCollection that is automatically populated with a HandleErrorAttribute. This default FilterAttribute brings with it a new way of handling errors in your web applications. In short, you can now handle errors inside of the MVC pipeline. What does that mean? This gives you direct programmatic control over handling your 500 errors in the same way that ASP.NET and CustomErrors give you configurable control of handling your HTTP error codes. How does that work out? Think of it as a routing table specifically for your Exceptions, it's pretty sweet! Global Filters The new Global.asax file now has a RegisterGlobalFilters method that is used to add filters to the new GlobalFilterCollection, statically located at System.Web.Mvc.GlobalFilter.Filters. By default this method adds one filter, the HandleErrorAttribute. public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication { public static void RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilterCollection filters) { filters.Add(new HandleErrorAttribute()); } HandleErrorAttributes The HandleErrorAttribute is pretty simple in concept: MVC has already adjusted us to using Filter attributes for our AcceptVerbs and RequiresAuthorization, now we are going to use them for (as the name implies) error handling, and we are going to do so on a (also as the name implies) global scale. The HandleErrorAttribute has properties for ExceptionType, View, and Master. The ExceptionType allows you to specify what exception that attribute should handle. The View allows you to specify which error view (page) you want it to redirect to. Last but not least, the Master allows you to control which master page (or as Razor refers to them, Layout) you want to render with, even if that means overriding the default layout specified in the view itself. public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication { public static void RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilterCollection filters) { filters.Add(new HandleErrorAttribute { ExceptionType = typeof(DbException), // DbError.cshtml is a view in the Shared folder. View = "DbError", Order = 2 }); filters.Add(new HandleErrorAttribute()); }Error Views All of your views still work like they did in the previous version of MVC (except of course that they can now use the Razor engine). However, a view that is used to render an error can not have a specified model! This is because they already have a model, and that is System.Web.Mvc.HandleErrorInfo @model System.Web.Mvc.HandleErrorInfo @{ ViewBag.Title = "DbError"; } <h2>A Database Error Has Occurred</h2> @if (Model != null) { <p>@Model.Exception.GetType().Name<br /> thrown in @Model.ControllerName @Model.ActionName</p> }Errors Outside of the MVC Pipeline The HandleErrorAttribute will only handle errors that happen inside of the MVC pipeline, better known as 500 errors. Errors outside of the MVC pipeline are still handled the way they have always been with ASP.NET. You turn on custom errors, specify error codes and paths to error pages, etc. It is important to remember that these will happen for anything and everything outside of what the HandleErrorAttribute handles. Also, these will happen whenever an error is not handled with the HandleErrorAttribute from inside of the pipeline. <system.web> <customErrors mode="On" defaultRedirect="~/error"> <error statusCode="404" redirect="~/error/notfound"></error> </customErrors>Sample Controllers public class ExampleController : Controller { public ActionResult Exception() { throw new ArgumentNullException(); } public ActionResult Db() { // Inherits from DbException throw new MyDbException(); } } public class ErrorController : Controller { public ActionResult Index() { return View(); } public ActionResult NotFound() { return View(); } } Putting It All Together If we have all the code above included in our MVC 3 project, here is how the following scenario's will play out: 1. A controller action throws an Exception. You will remain on the current page and the global HandleErrorAttributes will render the Error view. 2. A controller action throws any type of DbException. You will remain on the current page and the global HandleErrorAttributes will render the DbError view. 3. Go to a non-existent page. You will be redirect to the Error controller's NotFound action by the CustomErrors configuration for HTTP StatusCode 404. But don't take my word for it, download the sample project and try it yourself. Three Important Lessons Learned For the most part this is all pretty straight forward, but there are a few gotcha's that you should remember to watch out for: 1) Error views have models, but they must be of type HandleErrorInfo. It is confusing at first to think that you can't control the M in an MVC page, but it's for a good reason. Errors can come from any action in any controller, and no redirect is taking place, so the view engine is just going to render an error view with the only data it has: The HandleError Info model. Do not try to set the model on your error page or pass in a different object through a controller action, it will just blow up and cause a second exception after your first exception! 2) When the HandleErrorAttribute renders a page, it does not pass through a controller or an action. The standard web.config CustomErrors literally redirect a failed request to a new page. The HandleErrorAttribute is just rendering a view, so it is not going to pass through a controller action. But that's ok! Remember, a controller's job is to get the model for a view, but an error already has a model ready to give to the view, thus there is no need to pass through a controller. That being said, the normal ASP.NET custom errors still need to route through controllers. So if you want to share an error page between the HandleErrorAttribute and your web.config redirects, you will need to create a controller action and route for it. But then when you render that error view from your action, you can only use the HandlerErrorInfo model or ViewData dictionary to populate your page. 3) The HandleErrorAttribute obeys if CustomErrors are on or off, but does not use their redirects. If you turn CustomErrors off in your web.config, the HandleErrorAttributes will stop handling errors. However, that is the only configuration these two mechanisms share. The HandleErrorAttribute will not use your defaultRedirect property, or any other errors registered with customer errors. In Summary The HandleErrorAttribute is for displaying 500 errors that were caused by exceptions inside of the MVC pipeline. The custom errors are for redirecting from error pages caused by other HTTP codes.

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Day 3 - XNA: Hacking around with images

- by dapostolov

Yay! Today I'm going to get into some code! My mind has been on this all day! I find it amusing how I practice, daily, to be "in the moment" or "present" and the excitement and anticipation of this project seems to snatch it away from me frequently. WELL!!! (Shakes Excitedly) Let's do this =)! Let's code! For these next few days it is my intention to better understand image rendering using XNA; after said prototypes are complete I should (fingers crossed) be able to dive into my game code using the design document I hammered out the other night. On a personal note, I think the toughest thing right now is finding the time to do this project. Each night, after my little ones go to bed I can only really afford a couple hours of work on this project. However, I hope to utilise this time as best as I can because this is the first time in a while I've found a project that I've been passionate about. A friend recently asked me if I intend to go 3D or extend the game design. Yes. For now I'm keeping it simple. Lastly, just as a note, as I was doing some further research into image rendering this morning I came across some other XNA content and lessons learned. I believe this content could have probably been posted in the first couple of posts, however, I will share the new content as I learn it at the end of each day. Maybe I'll take some time later to fix the posts but for now Installation and Deployment - Lessons Learned I had installed the XNA studio (Day 1) and the site instructions were pretty easy to follow. However, I had a small difficulty with my development environment. You see, I run a virtual desktop development environment. Even though I was able to code and compile all the tutorials the game failed to run...because I lacked a 3D capable card; it was not detected on the virtual box... First Lesson: The XNA runtime needs to "see" the 3D card! No sweat, Il copied the files over to my parent box and executed the program. ERROR. Hmm... Second Lesson (which I should have probably known but I let the excitement get the better of me): you need the XNA runtime on the client PC to run the game, oh, and don't forget the .Net Runtime! Sprite, it ain't just a Soft Drink... With these prototypes I intend to understand and perform the following tasks. learn game development terminology how to place and position (rotate) a static image on the screen how to layer static images on the screen understand image scaling can we reuse images? understand how framerate is handled in XNA how to display text , basic shapes, and colors on the screen how to interact with an image (collision of user input?) how to animate an image and understand basic animation techniques how to detect colliding images or screen edges how to manipulate the image, lets say colors, stretching how to focus on a segment of an image...like only displaying a frame on a film reel what's the best way to manage images (compression, storage, location, prevent artwork theft, etc.) Well, let's start with this "prototype" task list for now...Today, let's get an image on the screen and maybe I can mark a few of the tasks as completed... C# Prototype1 New Visual Studio Project Select the XNA Game Studio 3.1 Project Type Select the Windows Game 3.1 Template Type Prototype1 in the Name textbox provided Press OK. At this point code has auto-magically been created. Feel free to press the F5 key to run your first XNA program. You should have a blue screen infront of you. Without getting into the nitty gritty right, the code that was generated basically creates some basic code to clear the window content with the lovely CornFlowerBlue color. Something to notice, when you move your mouse into the window...nothing. ooooo spoooky. Let's put an image on that screen! Step A - Get an Image into the solution Under "Content" in your Solution Explorer, right click and add a new folder and name it "Sprites". Copy a small image in there; I copied a "Royalty Free" wizard hat from a quick google search and named it wizards_hat.jpg (rightfully so!) Step B - Add the sprite and position fields Now, open/edit Game1.cs Locate the following line: SpriteBatch spriteBatch; Under this line type the following: SpriteBatch spriteBatch; // the line you are looking for... Texture2D sprite; Vector2 position; Step C - Load the image asset Locate the "Load Content" Method and duplicate the following: protected override void LoadContent() { spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); // your image name goes here... sprite = Content.Load<Texture2D>("Sprites\\wizards_hat"); position = new Vector2(200, 100); base.LoadContent(); } Step D - Draw the image Locate the "Draw" Method and duplicate the following: protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteBlendMode.AlphaBlend); spriteBatch.Draw(sprite, position, Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); base.Draw(gameTime); } Step E - Compile and Run Engage! (F5) - Debug! Your image should now display on a cornflowerblue window about 200 pixels from the left and 100 pixels from the top. Awesome! =) Pretty cool how we only coded a few lines to display an image, but believe me, there is plenty going on behind the scenes. However, for now, I'm going to call it a night here. Blogging all this progress certainly takes time... However, tomorrow night I'm going to detail what we just did, plus start checking off points on that list! I'm wondering right now if I should add pictures / code to this post...let me know if you want them =) Best Regards, D.

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Inventory Management concepts in XNA game

- by user1332755

I am trying to code the inventory system in my first real game so I have very little experience in both c# and game engine development. Basically, I need some general guidance and tips with how to structure and organize these sorts of systems. Please tell me if I am on the right track or not before I get too deep into making some badly structured system. It's fine if you don't feel like looking through my code, suggestions about general structure would also be appreciated. What I am aiming to end up with is some sort of system like Minecraft or Terraria. It must include: main inventory GUI (items can be dragged and placed in whatever slot desired Itembar outside of the main inventory which can be assigned to certain items the ability to use items from either location So far, I have 4 main classes: Inventory holds the general info and methods, inventoryslot holds info for individual slots, Itembar holds all info and methods for itself, and finally, ItemManager to manage interactions between the two and hold a master list of items. So far, my itembar works perfectly and interacts well with mousedragging items into and out of it as well as activating the item effect. Here is the code I have so far: (there is a lot but I will try to keep it relevant) This is the code for the itembar on the main screen: class Itembar { public Texture2D itembarfull, iSelected; public static Rectangle itembar = new Rectangle(5, 218, 40, 391); public Rectangle box1 = new Rectangle(itembar.X, 218, 40, 40); //up to 10 Rectangles for each slot public int Selected = 0; private ItemManager manager; public Itembar(Texture2D texture, Texture2D texture3, ItemManager mann) { itembarfull = texture; iSelected = texture3; manager = mann; } public void Update(GameTime gametime) { } public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { spriteBatch.Draw( itembarfull, new Vector2 (itembar.X, itembar.Y), null, Color.White, 0.0f, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 1.0f); if (Selected == 1) spriteBatch.Draw(iSelected, new Rectangle(box1.X-3, box1.Y-3, box1.Width+6, box1.Height+6), Color.White); //goes up to 10 slots } public int Box1Query() { foreach (Item item in manager.items) { if(box1.Contains(item.BoundingBox)) return manager.items.IndexOf(item); } return 999; } //10 different box queries It is working fine right now. I just put an Item in there and the box will query things like the item's effects, stack number, consumable or not etc...This one is basically almost complete. Here is the main inventory class: class Inventory { public bool isActive; public List<Rectangle> mainSlots = new List<Rectangle>(24); public List<InventorySlot> mainSlotscheck = new List<InventorySlot>(24); public static Rectangle inv = new Rectangle(841, 469, 156, 231); public Rectangle invfull = new Rectangle(inv.X, inv.Y, inv.Width, inv.Height); public Rectangle inv1 = new Rectangle(inv.X + 4, inv.Y +3, 32, 32); //goes up to inv24 resulting in a 6x4 grid of Rectangles public Inventory() { mainSlots.Add(inv1); mainSlots.Add(inv2); mainSlots.Add(inv3); mainSlots.Add(inv4); //goes up to 24 foreach (Rectangle slot in mainSlots) mainSlotscheck.Add(new InventorySlot(slot)); } //update and draw methods are empty because im not too sure what to put there public int LookforfreeSlot() { int slotnumber = 999; for (int x = 0; x < mainSlots.Count; x++) { if (mainSlotscheck[x].isFree) { slotnumber = x; break; } } return slotnumber; } } } LookforFreeSlot() method is meant to be called when I do AddtoInventory(). I'm kinda stumped about what other things I need to put in this class. Here is the inventorySlot class: (its main purpose is to check the bool "isFree" to see whether or not something already occupies the slot. But i guess it can also do other stuff like get item info.) class InventorySlot { public int X, Y; public int Width = 32, Height = 32; public Vector2 Position; public int slotnumber; public bool free = true; public int? content = null; public bool isFree { get { return free; } set { free = value; } } public InventorySlot(Rectangle slot) { slot = new Rectangle(X, Y, Width, Height); } } } Finally, here is the ItemManager (I am omitting the master list because it is too long) class ItemManager { public List<Item> items = new List<Item>(20); public List<Item> inventory1 = new List<Item>(24); public List<Item> inventory2 = new List<Item>(24); public List<Item> inventory3 = new List<Item>(24); public List<Item> inventory4 = new List<Item>(24); public Texture2D icon, filta; private Rectangle msRect; MouseState mouseState; public int ISelectedIndex; Inventory inventory; SpriteFont font; public void GenerateItems() { items.Add(new Item(new Rectangle(0, 0, 32, 32), icon, font)); items[0].name = "Grass Chip"; items[0].itemID = 0; items[0].consumable = true; items[0].stackable = true; items[0].maxStack = 99; items.Add(new Item(new Rectangle(32, 0, 32, 32), icon, font)); //master list continues. it will generate all items in the game; } public ItemManager(Inventory inv, Texture2D itemsheet, Rectangle mouseRectt, MouseState ms, Texture2D fil, SpriteFont f) { icon = itemsheet; msRect = mouseRectt; filta = fil; mouseState = ms; inventory = inv; font = f; } //once again, no update or draw public void mousedrag() { items[0].DestinationRect = new Rectangle (msRect.X, msRect.Y, 32, 32); items[0].dragging = true; } public void AddtoInventory(Item item) { int index = inventory.LookforfreeSlot(); if (index == 999) return; item.DestinationRect = inventory.mainSlots[index]; inventory.mainSlotscheck[index].content = item.itemID; inventory.mainSlotscheck[index].isFree = false; item.IsActive = true; } } } The mousedrag works pretty well. AddtoInventory doesn't work because LookforfreeSlot doesn't work. Relevant code from the main program: When I want to add something to the main inventory, I do something like this: foreach (Particle ether in ether1.ethers) { if (ether.isCollected) itemmanager.AddtoInventory(itemmanager.items[14]); } This turned out to be much longer than I had expected :( But I hope someone is interested enough to comment.

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Neo4J and Azure and VS2012 and Windows 8

- by Chris Skardon

Now, I know that this has been written about, but both of the main places (http://www.richard-banks.org/2011/02/running-neo4j-on-azure.html and http://blog.neo4j.org/2011/02/announcing-neo4j-on-windows-azure.html) utilise VS2010, and well, I’m on VS2012 and Windows 8. Not that I think Win 8 had anything to do with it really, anyhews! I’m going to begin from the beginning, this is my first foray into running something on Azure, so it’s been a bit of a learning curve. But luckily the Neo4J guys have got us started, so let’s download the VS2010 solution: http://neo4j.org/get?file=Neo4j.Azure.Server.zip OK, the other thing we’ll need is the VS2012 Azure SDK, so let’s get that as well: http://www.windowsazure.com/en-us/develop/downloads/ (I just did the full install). Now, unzip the VS2010 solution and let’s open it in VS2012: <your location>\Neo4j.Azure.Server\Neo4j.Azure.Server.sln One-way-upgrade? Yer! Ignore the migration report – we don’t care! Let’s build that sucker… Ahhh 14 errors… WindowsAzure does not exist in the namespace ‘Microsoft’ Not a problem right? We’ve installed the SDK, just need to update the references: We can ignore the Test projects, they don’t use Azure, we’re interested in the other projects, so what we’ll do is remove the broken references, and add the correct ones, so expand the references bit of each project: hunt out those yellow exclamation marks, and delete them! You’ll need to add the right ones back in (listed below), when you go to the ‘Add Reference’ dialog make sure you have ‘Assemblies’ and ‘Framework’ selected before you seach (and search for ‘microsoft.win’ to narrow it down) So the references you need for each project are: CollectDiagnosticsData Microsoft.WindowsAzure.Diagnostics Microsoft.WindowsAzure.StorageClient Diversify.WindowsAzure.ServiceRuntime Microsoft.WindowsAzure.CloudDrive Microsoft.WindowsAzure.ServiceRuntime Microsoft.WindowsAzure.StorageClient Right, so let’s build again… Sweet! No errors. Now we need to setup our Blobs, I’m assuming you are using the most up-to-date Java you happened to have downloaded :) in my case that’s JRE7, and that is located in: C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jre7 So, zip up that folder into whatever you want to call it, I went with jre7.zip, and stuck it in a temp folder for now. In that same temp folder I also copied the neo4j zip I was using: neo4j-community-1.7.2-windows.zip OK, now, we need to get these into our Blob storage, this is where a lot of stuff becomes unstuck - I didn’t find any applications that helped me use the blob storage, one would crash (because my internet speed is so slow) and the other just didn’t work – sure it looked like it had worked, but when push came to shove it didn’t. So this is how I got my files into Blob (local first): 1. Run the ‘Storage Emulator’ (just search for that in the start menu) 2. That takes a little while to start up so fire up another instance of Visual Studio in the mean time, and create a new Console Application. 3. Manage Nuget Packages for that solution and add ‘Windows Azure Storage’ Now you’re set up to add the code: public static void Main() { CloudStorageAccount cloudStorageAccount = CloudStorageAccount.DevelopmentStorageAccount; CloudBlobClient client = cloudStorageAccount.CreateCloudBlobClient(); client.Timeout = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30); CloudBlobContainer container = client.GetContainerReference("neo4j"); //This will create it as well UploadBlob(container, "jre7.zip", "c:\\temp\\jre7.zip"); UploadBlob(container, "neo4j-community-1.7.2-windows.zip", "c:\\temp\\neo4j-community-1.7.2-windows.zip"); } private static void UploadBlob(CloudBlobContainer container, string blobName, string filename) { CloudBlob blob = container.GetBlobReference(blobName); using (FileStream fileStream = File.OpenRead(filename)) blob.UploadFromStream(fileStream); } This will upload the files to your local storage account (to switch to an Azure one, you’ll need to create a storage account, and use those credentials when you make your CloudStorageAccount above) To test you’ve got them uploaded correctly, go to: http://localhost:10000/devstoreaccount1/neo4j/jre7.zip and you will hopefully download the zip file you just uploaded. Now that those files are there, we are ready for some final configuration… Right click on the Neo4jServerHost role in the Neo4j.Azure.Server cloud project: Click on the ‘Settings’ tab and we’ll need to do some changes – by default, the 1.7.2 edition of neo4J unzips to: neo4j-community-1.7.2 So, we need to update all the ‘neo4j-1.3.M02’ directories to be ‘neo4j-community-1.7.2’, we also need to update the Java runtime location, so we start with this: and end with this: Now, I also changed the Endpoints settings, to be HTTP (from TCP) and to have a port of 7410 (mainly because that’s straight down on the numpad) The last ‘gotcha’ is some hard coded consts, which had me looking for ages, they are in the ‘ConfigSettings’ class of the ‘Neo4jServerHost’ project, and the ones we’re interested in are: Neo4jFileName JavaZipFileName Change those both to what that should be. OK Nearly there (I promise)! Run the ‘Compute Emulator’ (same deal with the Start menu), in your system tray you should have an Azure icon, when the compute emulator is up and running, right click on the icon and select ‘Show Compute Emulator UI’ The last steps! Make sure the ‘Neo4j.Azure.Server’ cloud project is set up as the start project and let’s hit F5 tension mounts, the build takes place (you need to accept the UAC warning) and VS does it’s stuff. If you look at the Compute Emulator UI you’ll see some log stuff (which you’ll need if this goes awry – but it won’t don’t worry!) In a bit, the console and a Java window will pop up: Then the console will bog off, leaving just the Java one, and if we switch back to the Compute Emulator UI and scroll up we should be able to see a line telling us the port number we’ve been assigned (in my case 7411): (If you can’t see it, don’t worry.. press CTRL+A on the emulator, then CTRL+C, copy all the text and paste it into something like Notepad, then just do a Find for ‘port’ you’ll soon see it) Go to your favourite browser, and head to: http://localhost:YOURPORT/ and you should see the WebAdmin! See you on the cloud side hopefully! Chris PS Other gotchas! OK, I’ve been caught out a couple of times: I had an instance of Neo4J running as a service on my machine, the Azure instance wanted to run the https version of the server on the same port as the Service was running on, and so Java would complain that the port was already in use.. The first time I converted the project, it didn’t update the version of the Azure library to load, in the App.Config of the Neo4jServerHost project, and VS would throw an exception saying it couldn’t find the Azure dll version 1.0.0.0.

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