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• Watching a variable for changes without polling.

  - by milkfilk

  I'm using a framework called Processing which is basically a Java applet. It has the ability to do key events because Applet can. You can also roll your own callbacks of sorts into the parent. I'm not doing that right now and maybe that's the solution. For now, I'm looking for a more POJO solution. So I wrote some examples to illustrate my question. Please ignore using key events on the command line (console). Certainly this would be a very clean solution but it's not possible on the command line and my actual app isn't a command line app. In fact, a key event would be a good solution for me but I'm trying to understand events and polling beyond just keyboard specific problems. Both these examples flip a boolean. When the boolean flips, I want to fire something once. I could wrap the boolean in an Object so if the Object changes, I could fire an event too. I just don't want to poll with an if() statement unnecessarily. import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; /* * Example of checking a variable for changes. * Uses dumb if() and polls continuously. */ public class NotAvoidingPolling { public static void main(String[] args) { boolean typedA = false; String input = ""; System.out.println("Type 'a' please."); while (true) { InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(System.in); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr); try { input = br.readLine(); } catch (IOException ioException) { System.out.println("IO Error."); System.exit(1); } // contrived state change logic if (input.equals("a")) { typedA = true; } else { typedA = false; } // problem: this is polling. if (typedA) System.out.println("Typed 'a'."); } } } Running this outputs: Type 'a' please. a Typed 'a'. On some forums people suggested using an Observer. And although this decouples the event handler from class being observed, I still have an if() on a forever loop. import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.util.Observable; import java.util.Observer; /* * Example of checking a variable for changes. * This uses an observer to decouple the handler feedback * out of the main() but still is polling. */ public class ObserverStillPolling { boolean typedA = false; public static void main(String[] args) { // this ObserverStillPolling o = new ObserverStillPolling(); final MyEvent myEvent = new MyEvent(o); final MyHandler myHandler = new MyHandler(); myEvent.addObserver(myHandler); // subscribe // watch for event forever Thread thread = new Thread(myEvent); thread.start(); System.out.println("Type 'a' please."); String input = ""; while (true) { InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(System.in); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr); try { input = br.readLine(); } catch (IOException ioException) { System.out.println("IO Error."); System.exit(1); } // contrived state change logic // but it's decoupled now because there's no handler here. if (input.equals("a")) { o.typedA = true; } } } } class MyEvent extends Observable implements Runnable { // boolean typedA; ObserverStillPolling o; public MyEvent(ObserverStillPolling o) { this.o = o; } public void run() { // watch the main forever while (true) { // event fire if (this.o.typedA) { setChanged(); // in reality, you'd pass something more useful notifyObservers("You just typed 'a'."); // reset this.o.typedA = false; } } } } class MyHandler implements Observer { public void update(Observable obj, Object arg) { // handle event if (arg instanceof String) { System.out.println("We received:" + (String) arg); } } } Running this outputs: Type 'a' please. a We received:You just typed 'a'. I'd be ok if the if() was a NOOP on the CPU. But it's really comparing every pass. I see real CPU load. This is as bad as polling. I can maybe throttle it back with a sleep or compare the elapsed time since last update but this is not event driven. It's just less polling. So how can I do this smarter? How can I watch a POJO for changes without polling? In C# there seems to be something interesting called properties. I'm not a C# guy so maybe this isn't as magical as I think. private void SendPropertyChanging(string property) { if (this.PropertyChanging != null) { this.PropertyChanging(this, new PropertyChangingEventArgs(property)); } }

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• jQuery returning two elements for each one it finds?

  - by John Rudy

  I'll start by saying I'm fairly new to jQuery. For the most part, I've found it intuitive and powerful, but this one circumstance has me thoroughly stumped. In the following method, the call to .each() returns two elements for every one found. It iterates over a set of table rows given IDs starting with the word, "communication," and followed by an ID number. For each row it returns, it processes twice. Using Firebug, I've validated that the DOM only has a single instance of each table row in question. Also using Firebug, I've validated that the method is not being called twice; the iteration in .each() is truly going over each returned table row twice. By the time all the AJAX call goodness is done, I'll have two entries in the database for each row created in the table. This is the code that's causing the issues: function getCommunications() { var list = $('[id^=communication]'); var communications = new Array(); list.each(function () { var communication = { ID: $(this).find('.commCompanyID').val(), /* * SNIP: more object properties here that are * unnecessary to this discussion */ }; communications.push(communication); }); return communications; } At the point of return communications, the Array returned will contain twice as many elements as there are table rows. I should note that nearly identical code (but going against specific lists of divs) is working on the same page. It's just the table that's suffering the issues. I'm using jQuery 1.4.1, the version which shipped with Visual Studio .NET 2010. The table markup is fully dynamic -- that is, aside from the header row, it's dependent on data either returned at page load or created by the user via a dialog box. I'll drop in just the code for what's created at page load; again using Firebug I've validated that what I create dynamically when an end user creates a row with the dialog box matches. (This should be readable by anyone, but for the record this is an ASP.NET MVC 2.0 project.) <table id="commTable"> <tr> <th></th> <th> Date / Time </th> <th> Contact </th> <th> Type </th> <th> Duration </th> <th> Notes </th> </tr> <% foreach (var item in Model) { %> <tr id="communication<%: item.ID %>"> <td> <a href="#" onclick="showEditCommunicationForm(<%: item.ID %>"> Edit</a> <span class="commDeleteButton"> <a href="#" onclick="deleteCommunication(<%: item.ID %>)"> Delete</a> </span> </td> <td> <span class="commDateTime"><%: item.DateTime %></span> <input type="hidden" class="commID" value="<%: item.ID %>" /> <input type="hidden" class="commIsDeleted" value="<%: item.IsDeleted %>" /> </td> <td> <span class="commSourceText"><%: item.Company.CompanyName %></span> <input type="hidden" class="commCompanyID" value="<%: item.CompanyID %>" /> </td> <td> <%: item.CommunicationType.CommunicationTypeText %> <input type="hidden" class="commTypeID" value="<%: item.CommunicationTypeID %>" /> </td> <td> <span class="commDuration"><%: item.DurationMinutes %></span> Minutes </td> <td> <span class="commNotes"><%: item.Notes %></span> </td> </tr> <% } %> </table>

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• Error using CreateFileMapping - C

  - by Jamie Keeling

  Hello, I am using the tutorial on this MSDN link to implement a way of transferring data from one process to another. Although I was advised in an earlier question to use the Pipe methods, due to certain constraints I have no choice but to use the CreateFileMapping method. Now, i've succesfully managed to make two seperate window form projects within the same solution and by editing some properties both of the forms load at the same time. Furthermore I have managed to implement the code given in the MSDN sample into the first (Producer) and second (Consumer) program without any compilation errors. The problem I am having now is when I run the first program and try to create the handle to the mapped file, I am given an error saying it was unsuccesful and I do not understand why this is happening. I have added both the Producer and Consumer code files to demonstrate what I am trying to do. Producer: #include <windows.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> //File header definitions #define IDM_FILE_ROLLDICE 1 #define IDM_FILE_QUIT 2 #define BUF_SIZE 256 TCHAR szName[]=TEXT("Global\\MyFileMappingObject"); TCHAR szMsg[]=TEXT("Message from first process!"); void AddMenus(HWND); LRESULT CALLBACK WindowFunc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); ////Standard windows stuff - omitted to save space. ////////////////////// // WINDOWS FUNCTION // ////////////////////// LRESULT CALLBACK WindowFunc(HWND hMainWindow, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { WCHAR buffer[256]; LPCTSTR pBuf; struct DiceData storage; HANDLE hMapFile; switch(message) { case WM_CREATE: { // Create Menus AddMenus(hMainWindow); } break; case WM_COMMAND: // Intercept menu choices switch(LOWORD(wParam)) { case IDM_FILE_ROLLDICE: { //Roll dice and store results in variable //storage = RollDice(); ////Copy results to buffer //swprintf(buffer,255,L"Dice 1: %d, Dice 2: %d",storage.dice1,storage.dice2); ////Show via message box //MessageBox(hMainWindow,buffer,L"Dice Result",MB_OK); hMapFile = CreateFileMapping( (HANDLE)0xFFFFFFFF, // use paging file NULL, // default security PAGE_READWRITE, // read/write access 0, // maximum object size (high-order DWORD) BUF_SIZE, // maximum object size (low-order DWORD) szName); // name of mapping object if (hMapFile == NULL) { MessageBox(hMainWindow,L"Could not create file mapping object",L"Error",NULL); return 1; } pBuf = (LPTSTR) MapViewOfFile(hMapFile, // handle to map object FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, // read/write permission 0, 0, BUF_SIZE); if (pBuf == NULL) { MessageBox(hMainWindow,L"Could not map view of file",L"Error",NULL); CloseHandle(hMapFile); return 1; } CopyMemory((PVOID)pBuf, szMsg, (_tcslen(szMsg) * sizeof(TCHAR))); _getch(); UnmapViewOfFile(pBuf); CloseHandle(hMapFile); } break; case IDM_FILE_QUIT: SendMessage(hMainWindow, WM_CLOSE, 0, 0); break; } break; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); break; } return DefWindowProc(hMainWindow, message, wParam, lParam); } // //Setup menus // Consumer: #include <windows.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> //File header definitions #define IDM_FILE_QUIT 1 #define IDM_FILE_POLL 2 #define BUF_SIZE 256 TCHAR szName[]=TEXT("Global\\MyFileMappingObject"); //Prototypes void AddMenus(HWND); LRESULT CALLBACK WindowFunc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); //More standard windows creation, again omitted. ////////////////////// // WINDOWS FUNCTION // ////////////////////// LRESULT CALLBACK WindowFunc(HWND hMainWindow, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { HANDLE hMapFile; LPCTSTR pBuf; switch(message) { case WM_CREATE: { // Create Menus AddMenus(hMainWindow); break; } case WM_COMMAND: { // Intercept menu choices switch(LOWORD(wParam)) { case IDM_FILE_POLL: { hMapFile = OpenFileMapping( FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, // read/write access FALSE, // do not inherit the name szName); // name of mapping object if (hMapFile == NULL) { MessageBox(hMainWindow,L"Could not open file mapping object",L"Error",NULL); return 1; } pBuf = (LPTSTR) MapViewOfFile(hMapFile, // handle to map object FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, // read/write permission 0, 0, BUF_SIZE); if (pBuf == NULL) { MessageBox(hMainWindow,L"Could not map view of file",L"Error",NULL); CloseHandle(hMapFile); return 1; } MessageBox(NULL, pBuf, TEXT("Process2"), MB_OK); UnmapViewOfFile(pBuf); CloseHandle(hMapFile); break; } case IDM_FILE_QUIT: SendMessage(hMainWindow, WM_CLOSE, 0, 0); break; } break; } case WM_DESTROY: { PostQuitMessage(0); break; } } return DefWindowProc(hMainWindow, message, wParam, lParam); } // //Setup menus // It's by no means tidy and final but it's just a start, thanks for any help.

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• Scrollbar still is painted after it should be removed

  - by Walter Williams

  I have the following custom control and can place on a form (with AutoScroll set to true and the control anchored left, top and right). If the form is too short for the control, the form correctly resizes the control (to make room for the scroll) and displays the scroll bar. When the control is closed using the close glyph, the control is resized and the scroll bar is removed, but occasionally the scroll bar appears to remain painted. If the form is minimized or moved off-screen, the leftover paint is removed. I've tried Parent.Invalidate and have toyed with it in many ways but to no avail. Any suggestions? (Using VS 2008 Standard) using System; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Drawing; using System.Drawing.Drawing2D; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace GroupPanelTest { public class GroupPanel : GroupBox { #region Members private const Int32 iHeaderHeight = 20; private Int32 iFullHeight = 200; private Boolean bClosed = false; private Rectangle rectCloseGlyphBounds = Rectangle.Empty; private Boolean bIsMoveOverCloseGlyph = false; #endregion #region Properties [DefaultValue(false)] public Boolean Closed { get { return (this.bClosed); } set { if (this.bClosed != value) { this.bClosed = value; if (this.bClosed) { this.iFullHeight = base.Height; base.Height = GroupPanel.iHeaderHeight; } else { base.Height = this.iFullHeight; } foreach (Control con in base.Controls) con.Visible = !this.bClosed; this.Invalidate(); } } } public new Int32 Height { get { return (base.Height); } set { if (value != base.Height) { if (this.Closed) { this.iFullHeight = value; } else { Int32 iOldHeight = base.Height; base.Height = value; } } } } [DefaultValue(typeof(Size), "350,200")] public new Size Size { get { return (base.Size); } set { if (base.Size != value) { base.Size = value; if (!this.Closed) this.iFullHeight = value.Height; } } } [DefaultValue(typeof(Padding), "0,7,0,0")] public new Padding Padding { get { return (base.Padding); } set { base.Padding = value; } } #endregion #region Construction public GroupPanel () { SetStyle(ControlStyles.UserPaint, true); SetStyle(ControlStyles.ResizeRedraw, true); SetStyle(ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint, true); SetStyle(ControlStyles.OptimizedDoubleBuffer, true); SetStyle(ControlStyles.Selectable, true); this.Size = new Size(350, 200); this.Padding = new Padding(0, 7, 0, 0); // the groupbox will add to that this.rectCloseGlyphBounds = new Rectangle(base.ClientSize.Width - 24, 2, 16, 16); } #endregion #region Overrides protected override void OnSizeChanged (EventArgs e) { this.rectCloseGlyphBounds = new Rectangle(base.ClientSize.Width - 24, 2, 16, 16); base.OnSizeChanged(e); } protected override void OnPaint (PaintEventArgs e) { base.OnPaint(e); // we want all the delegates to receive the events, but we do this first so we can paint over it Graphics g = e.Graphics; g.FillRectangle(SystemBrushes.Window, this.ClientRectangle); Rectangle rectTitle = new Rectangle(0, 0, this.ClientRectangle.Width, GroupPanel.iHeaderHeight); g.FillRectangle(SystemBrushes.Control, rectTitle); g.DrawString(this.Text, this.Font, SystemBrushes.ControlText, new PointF(5.0f, 3.0f)); if (this.bIsMoveOverCloseGlyph) { g.FillRectangle(SystemBrushes.ButtonHighlight, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds); Rectangle rectBorder = this.rectCloseGlyphBounds; rectBorder.Inflate(-1, -1); g.DrawRectangle(SystemPens.Highlight, rectBorder); } using (Pen pen = new Pen(SystemColors.ControlText, 1.6f)) { if (this.Closed) { g.DrawLine(pen, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Left + 3, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Top + 3, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Left + 8, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Top + 8); g.DrawLine(pen, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Left + 13, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Top + 3, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Left + 8, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Top + 8); g.DrawLine(pen, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Left + 3, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Top + 7, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Left + 8, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Top + 12); g.DrawLine(pen, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Left + 13, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Top + 7, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Left + 8, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Top + 12); } else { g.DrawLine(pen, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Left + 3, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Top + 8, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Left + 8, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Top + 3); g.DrawLine(pen, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Left + 13, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Top + 8, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Left + 8, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Top + 3); g.DrawLine(pen, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Left + 3, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Top + 12, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Left + 8, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Top + 7); g.DrawLine(pen, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Left + 13, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Top + 12, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Left + 8, this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Top + 7); } } } protected override void OnMouseDown (MouseEventArgs e) { if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Left && this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Contains(e.Location)) this.Closed = !this.Closed; // close will call invalidate base.OnMouseDown(e); } protected override void OnMouseMove (MouseEventArgs e) { this.bIsMoveOverCloseGlyph = this.rectCloseGlyphBounds.Contains(e.Location); this.Invalidate(this.rectCloseGlyphBounds); base.OnMouseMove(e); } #endregion } }

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• Will creating a background thread in a WCF service during a call, take up a thread in the ASP .NET t

  - by Nate Pinchot

  The following code is part of a WCF service. Will eventWatcher take up a thread in the ASP .NET thread pool, even if it is set IsBackground = true? /// <summary> /// Provides methods to work with the PhoneSystem web services SDK. /// This is a singleton since we need to keep track of what lines (extensions) are open. /// </summary> public sealed class PhoneSystemWebServiceFactory : IDisposable { // singleton instance reference private static readonly PhoneSystemWebServiceFactory instance = new PhoneSystemWebServiceFactory(); private static readonly object l = new object(); private static volatile Hashtable monitoredExtensions = new Hashtable(); private static readonly PhoneSystemWebServiceClient webServiceClient = CreateWebServiceClient(); private static volatile bool isClientRegistered; private static volatile string clientHandle; private static readonly Thread eventWatcherThread = new Thread(EventPoller) {IsBackground = true}; #region Constructor // these constructors are hacks to make the C# compiler not mark beforefieldinit // more info: http://www.yoda.arachsys.com/csharp/singleton.html static PhoneSystemWebServiceFactory() { } PhoneSystemWebServiceFactory() { } #endregion #region Properties /// <summary> /// Gets a thread safe instance of PhoneSystemWebServiceFactory /// </summary> public static PhoneSystemWebServiceFactory Instance { get { return instance; } } #endregion #region Private methods /// <summary> /// Create and configure a PhoneSystemWebServiceClient with basic http binding and endpoint from app settings. /// </summary> /// <returns>PhoneSystemWebServiceClient</returns> private static PhoneSystemWebServiceClient CreateWebServiceClient() { string url = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["PhoneSystemWebService_Url"]; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(url)) { throw new ConfigurationErrorsException( "The AppSetting \"PhoneSystemWebService_Url\" could not be found. Check the application configuration and ensure that the element exists. Example: <appSettings><add key=\"PhoneSystemWebService_Url\" value=\"http://xyz\" /></appSettings>"); } return new PhoneSystemWebServiceClient(new BasicHttpBinding(), new EndpointAddress(url)); } #endregion #region Event poller public static void EventPoller() { while (true) { if (Thread.CurrentThread.ThreadState == ThreadState.Aborted || Thread.CurrentThread.ThreadState == ThreadState.AbortRequested || Thread.CurrentThread.ThreadState == ThreadState.Stopped || Thread.CurrentThread.ThreadState == ThreadState.StopRequested) break; // get events //webServiceClient.GetEvents(clientHandle, 30, 100); } Thread.Sleep(5000); } #endregion #region Client registration methods private static void RegisterClientIfNeeded() { if (isClientRegistered) { return; } lock (l) { // double lock check if (isClientRegistered) { return; } //clientHandle = webServiceClient.RegisterClient("PhoneSystemWebServiceFactoryInternal", null); isClientRegistered = true; } } private static void UnregisterClient() { if (!isClientRegistered) { return; } lock (l) { // double lock check if (!isClientRegistered) { return; } //webServiceClient.UnegisterClient(clientHandle); } } #endregion #region Phone extension methods public bool SubscribeToEventsForExtension(string extension) { if (monitoredExtensions.Contains(extension)) { return false; } lock (monitoredExtensions.SyncRoot) { // double lock check if (monitoredExtensions.Contains(extension)) { return false; } RegisterClientIfNeeded(); // open line so we receive events for extension LineInfo lineInfo; try { //lineInfo = webServiceClient.OpenLine(clientHandle, extension); } catch (FaultException<PhoneSystemWebSDKErrorDetail>) { // TODO: log error return false; } // add extension to list of monitored extensions //monitoredExtensions.Add(extension, lineInfo.lineID); monitoredExtensions.Add(extension, 1); // start event poller thread if not already started if (eventWatcherThread.ThreadState == ThreadState.Stopped || eventWatcherThread.ThreadState == ThreadState.Unstarted) { eventWatcherThread.Start(); } return true; } } public bool UnsubscribeFromEventsForExtension(string extension) { if (!monitoredExtensions.Contains(extension)) { return false; } lock (monitoredExtensions.SyncRoot) { if (!monitoredExtensions.Contains(extension)) { return false; } // close line try { //webServiceClient.CloseLine(clientHandle, (int) monitoredExtensions[extension]); } catch (FaultException<PhoneSystemWebSDKErrorDetail>) { // TODO: log error return false; } // remove extension from list of monitored extensions monitoredExtensions.Remove(extension); // if we are not monitoring anything else, stop the poller and unregister the client if (monitoredExtensions.Count == 0) { eventWatcherThread.Abort(); UnregisterClient(); } return true; } } public bool IsExtensionMonitored(string extension) { lock (monitoredExtensions.SyncRoot) { return monitoredExtensions.Contains(extension); } } #endregion #region Dispose public void Dispose() { lock (l) { // close any open lines var extensions = monitoredExtensions.Keys.Cast<string>().ToList(); while (extensions.Count > 0) { UnsubscribeFromEventsForExtension(extensions[0]); extensions.RemoveAt(0); } if (!isClientRegistered) { return; } // unregister web service client UnregisterClient(); } } #endregion }

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• Sending the files (At least 11 files) from folder through web service to android app.

  - by Shashank_Itmaster

  Hello All, I stuck in middle of this situation,Please help me out. My question is that I want to send files (Total 11 PDF Files) to android app using web service. I tried it with below code.Main Class from which web service is created public class MultipleFilesImpl implements MultipleFiles { public FileData[] sendPDFs() { FileData fileData = null; // List<FileData> filesDetails = new ArrayList<FileData>(); File fileFolder = new File( "C:/eclipse/workspace/AIPWebService/src/pdfs/"); // File fileTwo = new File( // "C:/eclipse/workspace/AIPWebService/src/simple.pdf"); File sendFiles[] = fileFolder.listFiles(); // sendFiles[0] = fileOne; // sendFiles[1] = fileTwo; DataHandler handler = null; char[] readLine = null; byte[] data = null; int offset = 0; int numRead = 0; InputStream stream = null; FileOutputStream outputStream = null; FileData[] filesData = null; try { System.out.println("Web Service Called Successfully"); for (int i = 0; i < sendFiles.length; i++) { handler = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(sendFiles[i])); fileData = new FileData(); data = new byte[(int) sendFiles[i].length()]; stream = handler.getInputStream(); while (offset < data.length && (numRead = stream.read(data, offset, data.length - offset)) >= 0) { offset += numRead; } readLine = Base64Coder.encode(data); offset = 0; numRead = 0; System.out.println("'Reading File............................"); System.out.println("\n"); System.out.println(readLine); System.out.println("Data Reading Successful"); fileData.setFileName(sendFiles[i].getName()); fileData.setFileData(String.valueOf(readLine)); readLine = null; System.out.println("Data from bean " + fileData.getFileData()); outputStream = new FileOutputStream("D:/" + sendFiles[i].getName()); outputStream.write(Base64Coder.decode(fileData.getFileData())); outputStream.flush(); outputStream.close(); stream.close(); // FileData fileDetails = new FileData(); // fileDetails = fileData; // filesDetails.add(fileData); filesData = new FileData[(int) sendFiles[i].length()]; } // return fileData; } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return filesData; } } Also The Interface MultipleFiles:- public interface MultipleFiles extends Remote { public FileData[] sendPDFs() throws FileNotFoundException, IOException, Exception; } Here I am sending an array of bean "File Data",having properties viz. FileData & FileName. FileData- contains file data in encoded. FileName- encoded file name. The Bean:- (FileData) public class FileData { private String fileName; private String fileData; public String getFileName() { return fileName; } public void setFileName(String fileName) { this.fileName = fileName; } public String getFileData() { return fileData; } public void setFileData(String string) { this.fileData = string; } } The android DDMS gives out of memory exception when tried below code & when i tried to send two files then only first file is created. public class PDFActivity extends Activity { private final String METHOD_NAME = "sendPDFs"; private final String NAMESPACE = "http://webservice.uks.com/"; private final String SOAP_ACTION = NAMESPACE + METHOD_NAME; private final String URL = "http://192.168.1.123:8080/AIPWebService/services/MultipleFilesImpl"; /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); TextView textViewOne = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textViewOne); try { SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(NAMESPACE, METHOD_NAME); SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope( SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject); textViewOne.setText("Web Service Started"); AndroidHttpTransport httpTransport = new AndroidHttpTransport(URL); httpTransport.call(SOAP_ACTION, envelope); // SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.getResponse(); Object result = envelope.getResponse(); Log.i("Result", result.toString()); // String fileName = result.getProperty("fileName").toString(); // String fileData = result.getProperty("fileData").toString(); // Log.i("File Name", fileName); // Log.i("File Data", fileData); // File pdfFile = new File(fileName); // FileOutputStream outputStream = // openFileOutput(pdfFile.toString(), // MODE_PRIVATE); // outputStream.write(Base64Coder.decode(fileData)); Log.i("File", "File Created"); // textViewTwo.setText(result); // Object result = envelope.getResponse(); // FileOutputStream outputStream = openFileOutput(name, mode) } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } Please help with some explanation or changes in my code. Thanks in Advance.

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• System.Timers.Timer leaking due to "direct delegate roots"

  - by alimbada

  Apologies for the rather verbose and long-winded post, but this problem's been perplexing me for a few weeks now so I'm posting as much information as I can in order to get this resolved quickly. We have a WPF UserControl which is being loaded by a 3rd party app. The 3rd party app is a presentation application which loads and unloads controls on a schedule defined by an XML file which is downloaded from a server. Our control, when it is loaded into the application makes a web request to a web service and uses the data from the response to display some information. We're using an MVVM architecture for the control. The entry point of the control is a method that is implementing an interface exposed by the main app and this is where the control's configuration is set up. This is also where I set the DataContext of our control to our MainViewModel. The MainViewModel has two other view models as properties and the main UserControl has two child controls. Depending on the data received from the web service, the main UserControl decides which child control to display, e.g. if there is a HTTP error or the data received is not valid, then display child control A, otherwise display child control B. As you'd expect, these two child controls bind two separate view models each of which is a property of MainViewModel. Now child control B (which is displayed when the data is valid) has a RefreshService property/field. RefreshService is an object that is responsible for updating the model in a number of ways and contains 4 System.Timers.Timers; a _modelRefreshTimer a _viewRefreshTimer a _pageSwitchTimer a _retryFeedRetrievalOnErrorTimer (this is only enabled when something goes wrong with retrieving data). I should mention at this point that there are two types of data; the first changes every minute, the second changes every few hours. The controls' configuration decides which type we are using/displaying. If data is of the first type then we update the model quite frequently (every 30 seconds) using the _modelRefreshTimer's events. If the data is of the second type then we update the model after a longer interval. However, the view still needs to be refreshed every 30 seconds as stale data needs to be removed from the view (hence the _viewRefreshTimer). The control also paginates the data so we can see more than we can fit on the display area. This works by breaking the data up into Lists and switching the CurrentPage (which is a List) property of the view model to the right List. This is done by handling the _pageSwitchTimer's Elapsed event. Now the problem My problem is that the control, when removed from the visual tree doesn't dispose of it's timers. This was first noticed when we started getting an unusually high number of requests on the web server end very soon after deploying this control and found that requests were being made at least once a second! We found that the timers were living on and not stopping hours after the control had been removed from view and that the more timers there were the more requests piled up at the web server. My first solution was to implement IDisposable for the RefreshService and do some clean up when the control's UnLoaded event was fired. Within the RefreshServices Dispose method I've set Enabled to false for all the timers, then used the Stop() method on all of them. I've then called Dispose() too and set them to null. None of this worked. After some reading around I found that event handlers may hold references to Timers and prevent them from being disposed and collected. After some more reading and researching I found that the best way around this was to use the Weak Event Pattern. Using this blog and this blog I've managed to work around the shortcomings in the Weak Event pattern. However, none of this solves the problem. Timers are still not being disabled or stopped (let alone disposed) and web requests are continuing to build up. Mem Profiler tells me that "This type has N instances that are directly rooted by a delegate. This can indicate the delegate has not been properly removed" (where N is the number of instances). As far as I can tell though, all listeners of the Elapsed event for the timers are being removed during the cleanup so I can't understand why the timers continue to run. Thanks for reading. Eagerly awaiting your suggestions/comments/solutions (if you got this far :-p)

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• spring-nullpointerexception- cant access autowired annotated service (or dao) in a no-annotations class

  - by user286806

  I have this problem that I cannot fix. From my @Controller, i can easily access my autowired @Service class and play with it no problem. But when I do that from a separate class without annotations, it gives me a NullPointerException. My Controller (works)- @Controller public class UserController { @Autowired UserService userService;... My separate Java class (not working)- public final class UsersManagementUtil { @Autowired UserService userService; or @Autowired UserDao userDao; userService or userDao are always null! Was just trying if any one of them works. My component scan setting has the root level package set for scanning so that should be OK. my servlet context - <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd"> <!-- the application context definition for the springapp DispatcherServlet --> <!-- Enable annotation driven controllers, validation etc... --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" /> <context:component-scan base-package="x" /> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="hibernateTransactionManager" /> <!-- package shortended --> <bean id="messageSource" class="o.s.c.s.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource"> <property name="basename" value="/WEB-INF/messages" /> </bean> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${database.driver}" /> <property name="url" value="${database.url}" /> <property name="username" value="${database.user}" /> <property name="password" value="${database.password}" /> </bean> <!-- package shortened --> <bean id="viewResolver" class="o.s.w.s.v.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix"> <value>/</value> </property> <property name="suffix"> <value>.jsp</value> </property> <property name="order"> <value>0</value> </property> </bean> <!-- package shortened --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="o.s.o.h3.a.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="annotatedClasses"> <list> <value>orion.core.models.Question</value> <value>orion.core.models.User</value> <value>orion.core.models.Space</value> <value>orion.core.models.UserSkill</value> <value>orion.core.models.Question</value> <value>orion.core.models.Rating</value> </list> </property> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <bean id="hibernateTransactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> Any clue?

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• Usercontrol databinding within a databound datagridview

  - by user328259

  Good day. I'm developing a Windows application and working with Windows Forms; .Net 2.0. I have an issue databinding a generic List of Car Rental Companies to a DataGridView when that list contains (one of its properties) anoother generic List of Car Makes. I also have a UserControl that I need to bind to this [inner] generic list ... Class CarRentalCompany contains: string Name, string Location, List CarMakes Class CarMake contains: string Name, bool isFord, bool isChevy, bool isOther The UserControl has a label for CarMake.Name and 3 checkboxes for each of the booleans of the class. HOw do I make this user control bindable for the class? In my form, I have a DataGridView binded to the CarRentalCompany object. The list CarMakes could be 0 or more items and I can add these as necessary. How do I establish the binding of CarRentalCompanies properly so CarMakes will bind accordingly?? For example, I have: List CarRentalCompanies = new List(); CarRentalCompany company1 = new CarRentalCompany(); company1.Name = "Acme Rentals"; company1.Location = "New York, NY"; company1.CarMakes = new List<CarMake>(); CarMake car1 = new CarMake(); car1.Name = "The Yellow Car"; car1.isFord = true; car1.isChevy = false; car1.isOther = false; company1.CarMakes.Add(car1); CarMake car2 = new CarMake(); car2.Name = "The Blue Car"; car2.isFord = false; car2.isChevy = true; car2.isOther = false; company1.CarMakes.Add(car2); CarMake car3 = new CarMake(); car3.Name = "The Purple Car"; car3.isFord = false; car3.isChevy = false; car3.isOther = true; company1.CarMakes.Add(car3); CarRentalCompanies.Add(company1); CarRentalCompany company2 = new CarRentalCompany(); company1.Name = "Z-Auto Rentals"; company1.Location = "Phoenix, AZ"; company1.CarMakes = new List<CarMake>(); CarMake car4 = new CarMake(); car4.Name = "The OrangeCar"; car4.isFord = true; car4.isChevy = false; car4.isOther = false; company2.CarMakes.Add(car4); CarMake car5 = new CarMake(); car5.Name = "The Red Car"; car5.isFord = true; car5.isChevy = false; car5.isOther = false; company2.CarMakes.Add(car5); CarMake car6 = new CarMake(); car6.Name = "The Green Car"; car6.isFord = true; car6.isChevy = false; car6.isOther = false; company2.CarMakes.Add(car6); CarRentalCompanies.Add(company2); I load my form and in my load form I have the following: Note: CarDataGrid is a DataGridView BindingSource bsTheRentals = new BindingSource(); DataGridViewTextBoxColumn companyName = new DataGridViewTextBoxColumn(); companyName.DataPropertyName = "Name"; companyName.HeaderText = "Company Name"; companyName.Name = "CompanyName"; companyName.AutoSizeMode = DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnMode.AllCells; DataGridViewTextBoxColumn companyLocation = new DataGridViewTextBoxColumn(); companyLocation.DataPropertyName = "Location"; companyLocation.HeaderText = "Company Location"; companyLocation.Name = "CompanyLocation"; companyLocation.AutoSizeMode = DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnMode.AllCells; ArrayList carMakeColumnsToAdd = new ArrayList(); // Loop through the CarMakes list to add each custom column for (int intX=0; intX < CarRentalCompanies.CarMakes[0].Count; intX++) { // Custom column for user control string carMakeColumnName = "carColumn" + intX; CarMakeListColumn carMakeColumn = new DataGridViewComboBoxColumn(); carMakeColumn.Name = carMakeColumnName; carMakeColumn.DisplayMember = CarRentalCompanies.CarMakes[intX].Name; carMakeColumn.DataSource = CarRentalCompanies.CarMakes; // this is the CarMAkes List carMakeColumn.AutoSizeMode = DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnMode.Fill; carMakeColumnsToAdd.Add(carMakeColumn); } CarDataGrid.DataSource = bsTheRentals; CarDataGrid.Columns.AddRange(new DataGridViewColumn[] { companyName, companylocation, carMakeColumnsToAdd }); CarDataGrid.AutoGenerateColumns = false; The code I provided does not work because I am unfamiliar with UserControls and custom DataGridViewColumns and DataGridViewCells - I know I must derive from these classes in order to use my User Control properly. I appreciate any advice/assistance/help in this. Thank you. Lawrence

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• Replacing objects, handling clones, dealing with write logs

  - by Alix

  Hi everyone, I'm dealing with a problem I can't figure out how to solve, and I'd love to hear some suggestions. [NOTE: I realise I'm asking several questions; however, answers need to take into account all of the issues, so I cannot split this into several questions] Here's the deal: I'm implementing a system that underlies user applications and that protect shared objects from concurrent accesses. The application programmer (whose application will run on top of my system) defines such shared objects like this: public class MyAtomicObject { // These are just examples of fields you may want to have in your class. public virtual int x { get; set; } public virtual List<int> list { get; set; } public virtual MyClassA objA { get; set; } public virtual MyClassB objB { get; set; } } As you can see they declare the fields of their class as auto-generated properties (auto-generated means they don't need to implement get and set). This is so that I can go in and extend their class and implement each get and set myself in order to handle possible concurrent accesses, etc. This is all well and good, but now it starts to get ugly: the application threads run transactions, like this: The thread signals it's starting a transaction. This means we now need to monitor its accesses to the fields of the atomic objects. The thread runs its code, possibly accessing fields for reading or writing. If there are accesses for writing, we'll hide them from the other transactions (other threads), and only make them visible in step 3. This is because the transaction may fail and have to roll back (undo) its updates, and in that case we don't want other threads to see its "dirty" data. The thread signals it wants to commit the transaction. If the commit is successful, the updates it made will now become visible to everyone else. Otherwise, the transaction will abort, the updates will remain invisible, and no one will ever know the transaction was there. So basically the concept of transaction is a series of accesses that appear to have happened atomically, that is, all at the same time, in the same instant, which would be the moment of successful commit. (This is as opposed to its updates becoming visible as it makes them) In order to hide the write accesses in step 2, I clone the accessed field (let's say it's the field list) and put it in the transaction's write log. After that, any time the transaction accesses list, it will actually be accessing the clone in its write log, and not the global copy everyone else sees. Like this, any changes it makes will be done to the (invisible) clone, not to the global copy. If in step 3 the commit is successful, the transaction should replace the global copy with the updated list it has in its write log, and then the changes become visible for everyone else at once. It would be something like this: myAtomicObject.list = updatedCloneOfListInTheWriteLog; Problem #1: possible references to the list. Let's say someone puts a reference to the global list in a dictionary. When I do... myAtomicObject.list = updatedCloneOfListInTheWriteLog; ...I'm just replacing the reference in the field list, but not the real object (I'm not overwriting the data), so in the dictionary we'll still have a reference to the old version of the list. A possible solution would be to overwrite the data (in the case of a list, empty the global list and add all the elements of the clone). More generically, I would need to copy the fields of one list to the other. I can do this with reflection, but that's not very pretty. Is there any other way to do it? Problem #2: even if problem #1 is solved, I still have a similar problem with the clone: the application programmer doesn't know I'm giving him a clone and not the global copy. What if he puts the clone in a dictionary? Then at commit there will be some references to the global copy and some to the clone, when in truth they should all point to the same object. I thought about providing a wrapper object that contains both the cloned list and a pointer to the global copy, but the programmer doesn't know about this wrapper, so they're not going to use the pointer at all. The wrapper would be like this: public class Wrapper<T> : T { // This would be the pointer to the global copy. The local data is contained in whatever fields the wrapper inherits from T. private T thisPtr; } I do need this wrapper for comparisons: if I have a dictionary that has an entry with the global copy as key, if I look it up with the clone, like this: dictionary[updatedCloneOfListInTheWriteLog] I need it to return the entry, that is, to think that updatedCloneOfListInTheWriteLog and the global copy are the same thing. For this, I can just override Equals, GetHashCode, operator== and operator!=, no problem. However I still don't know how to solve the case in which the programmer unknowingly inserts a reference to the clone in a dictionary. Problem #3: the wrapper must extend the class of the object it wraps (if it's wrapping MyClassA, it must extend MyClassA) so that it's accepted wherever an object of that class (MyClass) would be accepted. However, that class (MyClassA) may be final. This is pretty horrible :$. Any suggestions? I don't need to use a wrapper, anything you can think of is fine. What I cannot change is the write log (I need to have a write log) and the fact that the programmer doesn't know about the clone. I hope I've made some sense. Feel free to ask for more info if something needs some clearing up. Thanks so much!

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• System.ServiceModel.Channels.MessageHeader Error

  - by user220511

  I'm trying to get the following to work on my machine but I get an error (Cannot create an instance of the abstract class or interface 'System.ServiceModel.Channels.MessageHeader') using System; using System.IO; using System.Reflection; namespace com.mycompanyname.business { /// /// Summary description for SessionCreateRQClient. /// class SessionCreateRQClient { /// /// The main entry point. /// [STAThread] static void Main(string[] args) { try { // Set user information, including security credentials and the IPCC. string username = "user"; string password = "password"; string ipcc = "IPCC"; string domain = "DEFAULT"; string temp = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("tmp"); // Get temp directory string PropsFileName = temp + "/session.properties"; // Define dir and file name DateTime dt = DateTime.UtcNow; string tstamp = dt.ToString("s") + "Z"; //Create the message header and provide the conversation ID. MessageHeader msgHeader = new MessageHeader(); msgHeader.ConversationId = "TestSession"; // Set the ConversationId From from = new From(); PartyId fromPartyId = new PartyId(); PartyId[] fromPartyIdArr = new PartyId[1]; fromPartyId.Value = "WebServiceClient"; fromPartyIdArr[0] = fromPartyId; from.PartyId = fromPartyIdArr; msgHeader.From = from; To to = new To(); PartyId toPartyId = new PartyId(); PartyId[] toPartyIdArr = new PartyId[1]; toPartyId.Value = "WebServiceSupplier"; toPartyIdArr[0] = toPartyId; to.PartyId = toPartyIdArr; msgHeader.To = to; //Add the value for eb:CPAId, which is the IPCC. //Add the value for the action code of this Web service, SessionCreateRQ. msgHeader.CPAId = ipcc; msgHeader.Action = "SessionCreateRQ"; Service service = new Service(); service.Value = "SessionCreate"; msgHeader.Service = service; MessageData msgData = new MessageData(); msgData.MessageId = "mid:[email protected]"; msgData.Timestamp = tstamp; msgHeader.MessageData = msgData; Security security = new Security(); SecurityUsernameToken securityUserToken = new SecurityUsernameToken(); securityUserToken.Username = username; securityUserToken.Password = password; securityUserToken.Organization = ipcc; securityUserToken.Domain = domain; security.UsernameToken = securityUserToken; SessionCreateRQ req = new SessionCreateRQ(); SessionCreateRQPOS pos = new SessionCreateRQPOS(); SessionCreateRQPOSSource source = new SessionCreateRQPOSSource(); source.PseudoCityCode = ipcc; pos.Source = source; req.POS = pos; SessionCreateRQService serviceObj = new SessionCreateRQService(); serviceObj.MessageHeaderValue = msgHeader; serviceObj.SecurityValue = security; SessionCreateRS resp = serviceObj.SessionCreateRQ(req); // Send the request if (resp.Errors != null && resp.Errors.Error != null) { Console.WriteLine("Error : " + resp.Errors.Error.ErrorInfo.Message); } else { msgHeader = serviceObj.MessageHeaderValue; security = serviceObj.SecurityValue; Console.WriteLine("**********************************************"); Console.WriteLine("Response of SessionCreateRQ service"); Console.WriteLine("BinarySecurityToken returned : " + security.BinarySecurityToken); Console.WriteLine("**********************************************"); string ConvIdLine = "convid="+msgHeader.ConversationId; // ConversationId to a string string TokenLine = "securitytoken="+security.BinarySecurityToken; // BinarySecurityToken to a string string ipccLine = "ipcc="+ipcc; // IPCC to a string File.Delete(PropsFileName); // Clean up TextWriter tw = new StreamWriter(PropsFileName); // Create & open the file tw.WriteLine(DateTime.Now); // Write the date for reference tw.WriteLine(TokenLine); // Write the BinarySecurityToken tw.WriteLine(ConvIdLine); // Write the ConversationId tw.WriteLine(ipccLine); // Write the IPCC tw.Close(); //Console.Read(); } } catch(Exception e) { Console.WriteLine("Exception Message : " + e.Message ); Console.WriteLine("Exception Stack Trace : " + e.StackTrace); Console.Read(); } } } } I have added the reference System.ServiceModel and the lines: using System.ServiceModel; using System.ServiceModel.Channels; but I continue to get that error when trying to compile -- "Cannot create an instance of the abstract class or interface 'System.ServiceModel.Channels.MessageHeader'" I am using Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 Version 9.0.21022.8 RTM Microsoft .NET Framework Version 3.5 SP1 Professional Edition Is there another reference I have to add? Or a dll to move over? I wonder was the code above written for Framework 2.0 only? Thanks for your help.

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• Is multithreading the right way to go for my case?

  - by Julien Lebosquain

  Hello, I'm currently designing a multi-client / server application. I'm using plain good old sockets because WCF or similar technology is not what I need. Let me explain: it isn't the classical case of a client simply calling a service; all clients can 'interact' with each other by sending a packet to the server, which will then do some action, and possible re-dispatch an answer message to one or more clients. Although doable with WCF, the application will get pretty complex with hundreds of different messages. For each connected client, I'm of course using asynchronous methods to send and receive bytes. I've got the messages fully working, everything's fine. Except that for each line of code I'm writing, my head just burns because of multithreading issues. Since there could be around 200 clients connected at the same time, I chose to go the fully multithreaded way: each received message on a socket is immediately processed on the thread pool thread it was received, not on a single consumer thread. Since each client can interact with other clients, and indirectly with shared objects on the server, I must protect almost every object that is mutable. I first went with a ReaderWriterLockSlim for each resource that must be protected, but quickly noticed that there are more writes overall than reads in the server application, and switched to the well-known Monitor to simplify the code. So far, so good. Each resource is protected, I have helper classes that I must use to get a lock and its protected resource, so I can't use an object without getting a lock. Moreover, each client has its own lock that is entered as soon as a packet is received from its socket. It's done to prevent other clients from making changes to the state of this client while it has some messages being processed, which is something that will happen frequently. Now, I don't just need to protect resources from concurrent accesses. I must keep every client in sync with the server for some collections I have. One tricky part that I'm currently struggling with is the following: I have a collection of clients. Each client has its own unique ID. When a client connects, it must receive the IDs of every connected client, and each one of them must be notified of the newcomer's ID. When a client disconnects, every other client must know it so that its ID is no longer valid for them. Every client must always have, at a given time, the same clients collection as the server so that I can assume that everybody knows everybody. This way if I'm sending a message to client #1 telling "Client #2 has done something", I know that it will always be correctly interpreted: Client 1 will never wonder "but who is Client 2 anyway?". My first attempt for handling the connection of a new client (let's call it X) was this pseudo-code (remember that newClient is already locked here): lock (clients) { foreach (var client in clients) { lock (client) { client.Send("newClient with id X has connected"); } } clients.Add(newClient); newClient.Send("the list of other clients"); } Now imagine that in the same time, another client has sent a packet that translates into a message that must be broadcasted to every connected client, the pseudo-code will be something like this (remember that the current client - let's call it Y - is already locked here): lock (clients) { foreach (var client in clients) { lock (client) { client.Send("something"); } } } An obvious deadlock occurs here: on one thread X is locked, the clients lock has been entered, started looping through the clients, and at one moment must get Y's lock... which is already acquired on the second thread, itself waiting for the clients collection lock to be released! This is not the only case like this in the server application. There are other collections which must be kept in sync with the clients, some properties on a client can be changed by another one, etc. I tried other types of locks, lock-free mechanisms and a bunch of other things. Either there were obvious deadlocks when I'm using too much locks for safety, or obvious race conditions otherwise. When I finally find a good middle point between the two, it usually comes with very subtle race conditions / dead locks and other multi-threading issues... my head hurts very quickly since for any single line of code I'm writing I have to review almost the whole application to ensure everything will behave correctly with any number of threads. So here's my final question: how would you resolve this specific case, the general case, and more importantly: aren't I going the wrong way here? I have little problems with the .NET framework, C#, simple concurrency or algorithms in general. Still, I'm lost here. I know I could use only one thread processing the incoming requests and everything will be fine. However, that won't scale well at all with more clients... But I'm thinking more and more to go this simple way. What do you think? Thanks in advance to you, StackOverflow people which have taken the time to read this huge question. I really had to explain the whole context if I want to get some help.

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• Maven : Is it possible to override the configuration of a plugin already defined for a profile in a parent POM

  - by Guillaume Cernier

  In a POM parent file of my project, I have such a profile defining some configurations useful for this project (so that I can't get rid of this parent POM) : <profile> <id>wls7</id> ... <build> <plugins> <!-- use java 1.4 --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <fork>true</fork> <source>1.4</source> <target>1.4</target> <meminitial>128m</meminitial> <maxmem>1024m</maxmem> <executable>%${jdk14.executable}</executable> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> ... </profile> But in my project I just would like to override the configuration of the maven-compiler-plugin in order to use jdk5 instead of jdk4 for compiling test-classes. That's why I did this section in the POM of my project : <profiles> <profile> <id>wls7</id> <activation> <property> <name>jdk</name> <value>4</value> </property> </activation> <build> <directory>target-1.4</directory> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <executions> <execution> <id>my-testCompile</id> <phase>test-compile</phase> <goals> <goal>testCompile</goal> </goals> <configuration> <fork>true</fork> <executable>${jdk15.executable}</executable> <compilerVersion>1.5</compilerVersion> <source>1.5</source> <target>1.5</target> <verbose>true</verbose> </configuration> </execution> </executions> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </profile> ... </profiles> and it's not working ... I even tried to override the configuration in regular plugin sections of my POM (I mean, not for a specific profile but for my whole POM). What could be the problem ? To clarify some of my requirements : I don't want to get rid of the parent POM and the profile (wls7) defined inside it (since I need many and many properties, configurations, ...) and that is not the process in my company. A solution based on duplicating the parent POM and/or the profile defined inside it is not a good one. Since if the responsible of the parent POM change something, I would have to report it in mine. It's just an inheritance matter (extend or override a profile, a configuration from an upper-level POM) so I think it should be possible with maven2.

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• What is the best strategy for populating a TableView from a service?

  - by alrutherford

  I have an application which has a potentially long running background process. I want this process to populate a TableView as results objects are generated. The results objects are added to an observableList and have properties which are bound to the columns in the usual fashion for JavaFX. As an example of this consider the following sample code Main Application import java.util.LinkedList; import javafx.application.Application; import javafx.collections.FXCollections; import javafx.collections.ObservableList; import javafx.event.ActionEvent; import javafx.event.EventHandler; import javafx.geometry.Insets; import javafx.scene.Group; import javafx.scene.Scene; import javafx.scene.control.Button; import javafx.scene.control.TableColumn; import javafx.scene.control.TableView; import javafx.scene.control.cell.PropertyValueFactory; import javafx.scene.layout.VBox; import javafx.stage.Stage; public class DataViewTest extends Application { private TableView<ServiceResult> dataTable = new TableView<ServiceResult>(); private ObservableList<ServiceResult> observableList; private ResultService resultService; public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); } @Override public void start(Stage stage) { observableList = FXCollections.observableArrayList(new LinkedList<ServiceResult>()); resultService = new ResultService(observableList); Button refreshBtn = new Button("Update"); refreshBtn.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() { @Override public void handle(ActionEvent arg0) { observableList.clear(); resultService.reset(); resultService.start(); } }); TableColumn<ServiceResult, String> nameCol = new TableColumn<ServiceResult, String>("Value"); nameCol.setCellValueFactory(new PropertyValueFactory<ServiceResult, String>("value")); nameCol.setPrefWidth(200); dataTable.getColumns().setAll(nameCol); // productTable.getItems().addAll(products); dataTable.setItems(observableList); Scene scene = new Scene(new Group()); stage.setTitle("Table View Sample"); stage.setWidth(300); stage.setHeight(500); final VBox vbox = new VBox(); vbox.setSpacing(5); vbox.setPadding(new Insets(10, 0, 0, 10)); vbox.getChildren().addAll(refreshBtn, dataTable); ((Group) scene.getRoot()).getChildren().addAll(vbox); stage.setScene(scene); stage.show(); } } Service public class ResultService extends Service<Void> { public static final int ITEM_COUNT = 100; private ObservableList<ServiceResult> observableList; /** * Construct service. * */ public ResultService(ObservableList<ServiceResult> observableList) { this.observableList = observableList; } @Override protected Task<Void> createTask() { return new Task<Void>() { @Override protected Void call() throws Exception { process(); return null; } }; } public void process() { for (int i = 0; i < ITEM_COUNT; i++) { observableList.add(new ServiceResult(i)); } } } Data public class ServiceResult { private IntegerProperty valueProperty; /** * Construct property object. * */ public ServiceResult(int value) { valueProperty = new SimpleIntegerProperty(); setValue(value); } public int getValue() { return valueProperty.get(); } public void setValue(int value) { this.valueProperty.set(value); } public IntegerProperty valueProperty() { return valueProperty; } } Both the service and the TableView share a reference to the observable list? Is this good practise in JavaFx and if not what is the correct strategy? If you hit the the 'Update' button the list will not always refresh to the ITEM_COUNT length. I believe this is because the observableList.clear() is interfering with the update which is running in the background thread. Can anyone shed some light on this?

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• Change English numbers to Persian and vice versa in MVC (httpmodule)?

  - by Mohammad

  I wanna change all English numbers to Persian for showing to users. and change them to English numbers again for giving all requests (Postbacks) e.g: we have something like this in view IRQ170, I wanna show IRQ??? to users and give IRQ170 from users. I know, I have to use Httpmodule, But I don't know how ? Could you please guide me? Edit : Let me describe more : I've written the following http module : using System; using System.Collections.Specialized; using System.Diagnostics; using System.IO; using System.Text; using System.Text.RegularExpressions; using System.Web; using System.Web.UI; using Smartiz.Common; namespace Smartiz.UI.Classes { public class PersianNumberModule : IHttpModule { private StreamWatcher _watcher; #region Implementation of IHttpModule /// <summary> /// Initializes a module and prepares it to handle requests. /// </summary> /// <param name="context">An <see cref="T:System.Web.HttpApplication"/> that provides access to the methods, properties, and events common to all application objects within an ASP.NET application </param> public void Init(HttpApplication context) { context.BeginRequest += ContextBeginRequest; context.EndRequest += ContextEndRequest; } /// <summary> /// Disposes of the resources (other than memory) used by the module that implements <see cref="T:System.Web.IHttpModule"/>. /// </summary> public void Dispose() { } #endregion private void ContextBeginRequest(object sender, EventArgs e) { HttpApplication context = sender as HttpApplication; if (context == null) return; _watcher = new StreamWatcher(context.Response.Filter); context.Response.Filter = _watcher; } private void ContextEndRequest(object sender, EventArgs e) { HttpApplication context = sender as HttpApplication; if (context == null) return; _watcher = new StreamWatcher(context.Response.Filter); context.Response.Filter = _watcher; } } public class StreamWatcher : Stream { private readonly Stream _stream; private readonly MemoryStream _memoryStream = new MemoryStream(); public StreamWatcher(Stream stream) { _stream = stream; } public override void Flush() { _stream.Flush(); } public override int Read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count) { int bytesRead = _stream.Read(buffer, offset, count); string orgContent = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, offset, bytesRead); string newContent = orgContent.ToEnglishNumber(); int newByteCountLength = Encoding.UTF8.GetByteCount(newContent); Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(newContent, 0, Encoding.UTF8.GetByteCount(newContent), buffer, 0); return newByteCountLength; } public override void Write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count) { string strBuffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, offset, count); MatchCollection htmlAttributes = Regex.Matches(strBuffer, @"(\S+)=[""']?((?:.(?![""']?\s+(?:\S+)=|[>""']))+.)[""']?", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase | RegexOptions.Multiline); foreach (Match match in htmlAttributes) { strBuffer = strBuffer.Replace(match.Value, match.Value.ToEnglishNumber()); } MatchCollection scripts = Regex.Matches(strBuffer, "<script[^>]*>(.*?)</script>", RegexOptions.Singleline | RegexOptions.IgnoreCase | RegexOptions.Multiline | RegexOptions.IgnorePatternWhitespace); foreach (Match match in scripts) { MatchCollection values = Regex.Matches(match.Value, @"([""'])(?:(?=(\\?))\2.)*?\1", RegexOptions.Singleline | RegexOptions.IgnoreCase | RegexOptions.Multiline | RegexOptions.IgnorePatternWhitespace); foreach (Match stringValue in values) { strBuffer = strBuffer.Replace(stringValue.Value, stringValue.Value.ToEnglishNumber()); } } MatchCollection styles = Regex.Matches(strBuffer, "<style[^>]*>(.*?)</style>", RegexOptions.Singleline | RegexOptions.IgnoreCase | RegexOptions.Multiline | RegexOptions.IgnorePatternWhitespace); foreach (Match match in styles) { strBuffer = strBuffer.Replace(match.Value, match.Value.ToEnglishNumber()); } byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(strBuffer); _memoryStream.Write(data, offset, count); _stream.Write(data, offset, count); } public override string ToString() { return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(_memoryStream.ToArray()); } #region Rest of the overrides public override bool CanRead { get { throw new NotImplementedException(); } } public override bool CanSeek { get { throw new NotImplementedException(); } } public override bool CanWrite { get { throw new NotImplementedException(); } } public override long Seek(long offset, SeekOrigin origin) { throw new NotImplementedException(); } public override void SetLength(long value) { throw new NotImplementedException(); } public override long Length { get { throw new NotImplementedException(); } } public override long Position { get { throw new NotImplementedException(); } set { throw new NotImplementedException(); } } #endregion } } It works well, but It converts all numbers in css and scripts files to Persian and it causes error.

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• Windows Phone 7: Making ListBox items change dynamically

  - by Chad La Guardia

  I am working on creating a Windows Phone app that will play a series of sound clips selected from a list. I am using the MVVM (Model View View-Model) Design pattern and have designed a model for my data, along with a view model for my page. Here is what the XAML for the ListBox looks like: <ListBox x:Name="MediaListBox" Margin="0,0,-12,0" ItemsSource="{Binding Media}" SelectionChanged="MediaListBox_SelectionChanged" HorizontalContentAlignment="Stretch" VerticalContentAlignment="Stretch"> <ListBox.ItemTemplate > <DataTemplate> <StackPanel Margin="0,0,0,17" Width="432" Orientation="Horizontal"> <Image Source="../Media/Images/play.png" /> <StackPanel > <TextBlock Text="{Binding Title}" TextWrapping="Wrap" Style="{StaticResource PhoneTextExtraLargeStyle}"/> <TextBlock Text="{Binding ShortDescription}" TextWrapping="Wrap" Margin="12,-6,12,0" Visibility="{Binding ShortDescriptionVisibility}" Style="{StaticResource PhoneTextSubtleStyle}"/> <TextBlock Text="{Binding LongDescription}" TextWrapping="Wrap" Visibility="{Binding LongDescriptionVisibility}" /> <StackPanel> <Slider HorizontalContentAlignment="Stretch" VerticalContentAlignment="Stretch" Visibility="{Binding LongDescriptionVisibility}" ValueChanged="Slider_ValueChanged" LargeChange="0.25" SmallChange="0.05" /> </StackPanel> </StackPanel> </StackPanel> </DataTemplate> </ListBox.ItemTemplate> </ListBox> My question is this: I want to be able to expand and collapse part of the items in the ListBox. As you can see, I have a binding for the visibility. That binding is coming from the MediaModel. However, when I change this property in the ObservableCollection, the page is not updated to reflect this. The ViewModel for this page looks like this: public class ListenPageViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged { public ListenPageViewModel() { this.Media = new ObservableCollection<MediaModel>; } /// <summary> /// A collection for MediaModel objects. /// </summary> public ObservableCollection<MediaModel> Media { get; private set; } public bool IsDataLoaded { get; private set; } /// <summary> /// Creates and adds the media to their respective collections. /// </summary> public void LoadData() { this.Media.Clear(); this.Media.Add(new MediaModel() { Title = "Media 1", ShortDescription = "Short here.", LongDescription = "Long here.", MediaSource = "/Media/test.mp3", LongDescriptionVisibility = Visibility.Collapsed, ShortDescriptionVisibility = Visibility.Visible }); this.Media.Add(new MediaModel() { Title = "Media 2", ShortDescription = "Short here.", LongDescription = "Long here.", MediaSource = "/Media/test2.mp3", LongDescriptionVisibility = Visibility.Collapsed, ShortDescriptionVisibility = Visibility.Visible }); this.IsDataLoaded = true; } public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; private void NotifyPropertyChanged(String propertyName) { PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged; if (null != handler) { handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName)); } } } The bindings work correctly and I am seeing the data displayed; however, when I change the properties, the list does not update. I believe that this may be because when I change things inside the observable collection, the property changed event is not firing. What can I do to remedy this? I have poked around for some info on this, but many of the tutorials don't cover this kind of behavior. Any help would be greatly appreciated! Thanks Edit: As requested, I have added the MediaModel code: public class MediaModel : INotifyPropertyChanged { public string Title { get; set; } public string ShortDescription { get; set; } public string LongDescription { get; set; } public string MediaSource { get; set; } public Visibility LongDescriptionVisibility { get; set; } public Visibility ShortDescriptionVisibility { get; set; } public MediaModel() { } public MediaModel(string Title, string ShortDescription, string LongDescription, string MediaSource, Visibility LongDescriptionVisibility, Visibility ShortDescriptionVisibility) { this.Title = Title; this.ShortDescription = ShortDescription; this.LongDescription = LongDescription; this.MediaSource = MediaSource; this.LongDescriptionVisibility = LongDescriptionVisibility; this.ShortDescriptionVisibility = ShortDescriptionVisibility; } public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; private void NotifyPropertyChanged(String propertyName) { PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged; if (null != handler) { handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName)); } } } Originally, I did not have this class implement the INotifyPropertyChanged. I did this to see if it would solve the problem. I was hoping this could just be a data object.

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• get iframe property and content

  - by zeroSeven

  is there a way to get the iframe properties and content and be able to display it? example: type it as Rich Text Editor on the iframe and it will be displayed as<b>Rich Text Editor</b> on some part of the page. Rich Text Editor == <b>Rich Text Editor</b> thank you in advance. <html> <head> <title>Rich Text Editor</title> </head> <script type="text/javascript"> function def() { document.getElementById("textEditor").contentWindow.document.designMode="on"; textEditor.document.open(); textEditor.document.write('<head><style type="text/css">body{ font-family:arial; font-size:13px;}</style></head>'); textEditor.document.close(); document.getElementById("fonts").selectedIndex=0; document.getElementById("size").selectedIndex=1; document.getElementById("color").selectedIndex=0; } function fontEdit(x,y) { document.getElementById("textEditor").contentWindow.document.execCommand(x,"",y); textEditor.focus(); } </script> <body onLoad="def()"> <center> <div style="width:500px; text-align:left; margin-bottom:10px "> <input type="button" id="bold" style="height:21px; width:21px; font-weight:bold;" value="B" onClick="fontEdit('bold')" /> <input type="button" id="italic" style="height:21px; width:21px; font-style:italic;" value="I" onClick="fontEdit('italic')" /> <input type="button" id="underline" style="height:21px; width:21px; text-decoration:underline;" value="U" onClick="fontEdit('underline')" /> | <input type="button" style="height:21px; width:21px;"value="L" onClick="fontEdit('justifyleft')" title="align left" /> <input type="button" style="height:21px; width:21px;"value="C" onClick="fontEdit('justifycenter')" title="center" /> <input type="button" style="height:21px; width:21px;"value="R" onClick="fontEdit('justifyright')" title="align right" /> | <select id="fonts" onChange="fontEdit('fontname',this[this.selectedIndex].value)"> <option value="Arial">Arial</option> <option value="Comic Sans MS">Comic Sans MS</option> <option value="Courier New">Courier New</option> <option value="Monotype Corsiva">Monotype</option> <option value="Tahoma">Tahoma</option> <option value="Times">Times</option> </select> <select id="size" onChange="fontEdit('fontsize',this[this.selectedIndex].value)"> <option value="1">1</option> <option value="2">2</option> <option value="3">3</option> <option value="4">4</option> <option value="5">5</option> </select> <select id="color" onChange="fontEdit('ForeColor',this[this.selectedIndex].value)"> <option value="black">-</option> <option style="color:red;" value="red">-</option> <option style="color:blue;" value="blue">-</option> <option style="color:green;" value="green">-</option> <option style="color:pink;" value="pink">-</option> </select> | <input type="button" style="height:21px; width:21px;"value="1" onClick="fontEdit('insertorderedlist')" title="Numbered List" /> <input type="button" style="height:21px; width:21px;"value="?" onClick="fontEdit('insertunorderedlist')" title="Bullets List" /> <input type="button" style="height:21px; width:21px;"value="?" onClick="fontEdit('outdent')" title="Outdent" /> <input type="button" style="height:21px; width:21px;"value="?" onClick="fontEdit('indent')" title="Indent" /> </div> <iframe id="textEditor" style="width:500px; height:170px;"> </iframe> </center> </body>

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• How do I make my applet turn the user's input into an integer and compare it to the computer's random number?

  - by Kitteran

  I'm in beginning programming and I don't fully understand applets yet. However, (with some help from internet tutorials) I was able to create an applet that plays a game of guess with the user. The applet compiles fine, but when it runs, this error message appears: "Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: "" at java.lang.NumberFormatException.forInputString(NumberFormatException.java:48) at java.lang.Integer.parseInt(Integer.java:470) at java.lang.Integer.parseInt(Integer.java:499) at Guess.createUserInterface(Guess.java:101) at Guess.<init>(Guess.java:31) at Guess.main(Guess.java:129)" I've tried moving the "userguess = Integer.parseInt( t1.getText() );" on line 101 to multiple places, but I still get the same error. Can anyone tell me what I'm doing wrong? The Code: // Creates the game GUI. import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; public class Guess extends JFrame{ private JLabel userinputJLabel; private JLabel lowerboundsJLabel; private JLabel upperboundsJLabel; private JLabel computertalkJLabel; private JButton guessJButton; private JPanel guessJPanel; static int computernum; int userguess; static void declare() { computernum = (int) (100 * Math.random()) + 1; //random number picked (1-100) } // no-argument constructor public Guess() { createUserInterface(); } // create and position GUI components private void createUserInterface() { // get content pane and set its layout Container contentPane = getContentPane(); contentPane.setLayout( null ); contentPane.setBackground( Color.white ); // set up userinputJLabel userinputJLabel = new JLabel(); userinputJLabel.setText( "Enter Guess Here -->" ); userinputJLabel.setBounds( 0, 65, 120, 50 ); userinputJLabel.setHorizontalAlignment( JLabel.CENTER ); userinputJLabel.setBackground( Color.white ); userinputJLabel.setOpaque( true ); contentPane.add( userinputJLabel ); // set up lowerboundsJLabel lowerboundsJLabel = new JLabel(); lowerboundsJLabel.setText( "Lower Bounds Of Guess = 1" ); lowerboundsJLabel.setBounds( 0, 0, 170, 50 ); lowerboundsJLabel.setHorizontalAlignment( JLabel.CENTER ); lowerboundsJLabel.setBackground( Color.white ); lowerboundsJLabel.setOpaque( true ); contentPane.add( lowerboundsJLabel ); // set up upperboundsJLabel upperboundsJLabel = new JLabel(); upperboundsJLabel.setText( "Upper Bounds Of Guess = 100" ); upperboundsJLabel.setBounds( 250, 0, 170, 50 ); upperboundsJLabel.setHorizontalAlignment( JLabel.CENTER ); upperboundsJLabel.setBackground( Color.white ); upperboundsJLabel.setOpaque( true ); contentPane.add( upperboundsJLabel ); // set up computertalkJLabel computertalkJLabel = new JLabel(); computertalkJLabel.setText( "Computer Says:" ); computertalkJLabel.setBounds( 0, 130, 100, 50 ); //format (x, y, width, height) computertalkJLabel.setHorizontalAlignment( JLabel.CENTER ); computertalkJLabel.setBackground( Color.white ); computertalkJLabel.setOpaque( true ); contentPane.add( computertalkJLabel ); //Set up guess jbutton guessJButton = new JButton(); guessJButton.setText( "Enter" ); guessJButton.setBounds( 250, 78, 100, 30 ); contentPane.add( guessJButton ); guessJButton.addActionListener( new ActionListener() // anonymous inner class { // event handler called when Guess button is pressed public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent event ) { guessActionPerformed( event ); } } // end anonymous inner class ); // end call to addActionListener // set properties of application's window setTitle( "Guess Game" ); // set title bar text setSize( 500, 500 ); // set window size setVisible( true ); // display window //create text field TextField t1 = new TextField(); // Blank text field for user input t1.setBounds( 135, 78, 100, 30 ); contentPane.add( t1 ); userguess = Integer.parseInt( t1.getText() ); //create section for computertalk Label computertalkLabel = new Label(""); computertalkLabel.setBounds( 115, 130, 300, 50); contentPane.add( computertalkLabel ); } // Display computer reactions to user guess private void guessActionPerformed( ActionEvent event ) { if (userguess > computernum) //if statements (computer's reactions to user guess) computertalkJLabel.setText( "Computer Says: Too High" ); else if (userguess < computernum) computertalkJLabel.setText( "Computer Says: Too Low" ); else if (userguess == computernum) computertalkJLabel.setText( "Computer Says:You Win!" ); else computertalkJLabel.setText( "Computer Says: Error" ); } // end method oneJButtonActionPerformed // end method createUserInterface // main method public static void main( String args[] ) { Guess application = new Guess(); application.setDefaultCloseOperation (JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } // end method main } // end class Phone

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• Objects in Java ArrayList don't get updated.

  - by Sbm007

  This is going to be a very long post, hopefully you can understand what I'm talking about and I appreciate any help. Thanks Basically, I've created a personal, non-commercial project (which I don't plan to release) that can read ZIP and RAR files. It can only read the contents in the archive, the folders inside, the files inside the folders and its properties (such as last modified date, last modified time, CRC checksum, uncompressed size, compressed size and file name). It can't extract files either, so it's really a ZIP/RAR viewer if you may. Anyway that's slightly irrelevant to my problem but I thought I'd give you some background info. Now for my problem: I can successfully list all the folders and files inside a ZIP archive, so now I want to take that raw input and link it together in some useful way. I made 2 classes: ArchiveFile (represents a file inside a ZIP) and ArchiveFolder (represents a folder inside a ZIP). They both have some useful methods such as getLastModifiedDate, getName, getPath and so on. But the difference is that ArchiveFolder can hold an ArrayList of ArchiveFile's and additional ArchiveFolder's (think of this as files and folders inside a folder). Now I want to populate my raw input into one root ArchiveFolder, which will have all the files in the root dir of the ZIP in the ArchiveFile's ArrayList and any additional folders in the root dir of the ZIP in the ArchiveFolder's ArrayList (and this process can continue on like this like a chain reaction (more files/folders in that ArchiveFolder etc etc). So I came up with the following code: while (archive.hasMore()) { String path = ""; ArchiveFolder current = root; String[] contents = archive.getName().split("/"); for (int x = 0; x < contents.length; ++x) { if (x == (contents.length - 1) && !archive.getName().endsWith("/")) { // If on last item and item is a file path += contents[x]; // Update final path ArchiveFile file = new ArchiveFile(path, contents[x], archive.getUncompressedSize(), archive.getCompressedSize(), archive.getModifiedTime(), archive.getModifiedDate(), archive.getCRC()); current.addFile(file); // Create and add the file to the current ArchiveFolder } else if (x == (contents.length - 1)) { // Else if we are on last item and it is a folder path += contents[x] + "/"; // Update final path ArchiveFolder folder = new ArchiveFolder(path, contents[x], archive.getModifiedTime(), archive.getModifiedDate()); current.addFolder(folder); // Create and add this folder to the current ArchiveFile } else { // Else if we are still traversing through the path path += contents[x] + "/"; // Update path ArchiveFolder folder = new ArchiveFolder(path, contents[x]); current.addFolder(folder); // Create and add folder (remember we do not know the modified date/time as all we know is the path, so we can deduce the name only) current = folder; // Update current ArchiveFolder to the newly created one for the next iteration of the for loop } } archive.getNext(); } Assume that root is the root ArchiveFolder (initially empty). And that archive.getName() returns the name of the current file OR folder in the following fashion: file.txt or folder1/file2.txt or folder4/folder2/ (this is a empty folder) etc. So basically the relative path from the root of the ZIP archive. Please read through the comments in the above code to familiarize yourself with it. Also assume that the addFolder method in an ArchiveFile, only adds the folder if it doesn't exist already (so there are no multiple folders) and it also updates the time and date of an existing folder if it is blank (ie it was a intermediate folder we only knew the name of, but now we know its details). The code for addFolder is (pretty self-explanitory): public void addFolder(ArchiveFolder folder) { int loc = folders.indexOf(folder); // folders is the ArrayList containing ArchiveFolder's if (loc == -1) { folders.add(folder); } else { ArchiveFolder real = folders.get(loc); if (real.time == null) { real.setTime(folder.getTime()); real.setDate(folder.getDate()); } } } So I can't see anything wrong with the code, it works and after finishing, the root ArchiveFolder contains all the files in the root of the ZIP as I want it to, and it contains all the direcories in the root folder as I want it to. So you'd think it works as expected, but no the ArchiveFolder's in the root folder don't contain the data inside those 'child' folders, it's just a blank folder with no additional files and folders (while it does really contain some more files/folders when viewed in WinZip). After debugging using Eclipse, the for loop does iterate through all the files (even those not included above), so this led me to believe that there is a problem with this line of the code: current = folder; What it does is, it updates the current folder (used as an intermediate by the loop) to the newly added folder. I thought Java passed by reference and thus all new operations and new additions in future ArchiveFile's and ArchiveFolder's are automatically updated, and parent ArchiveFolder's will be updated accordingly. But that does not appear to be the case? I know this is a long ass post and I really hope anyone can help me out with this. Thanks in advance.

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• WCF WS-Security and WSE Nonce Authentication

  - by Rick Strahl

  WCF makes it fairly easy to access WS-* Web Services, except when you run into a service format that it doesn't support. Even then WCF provides a huge amount of flexibility to make the service clients work, however finding the proper interfaces to make that happen is not easy to discover and for the most part undocumented unless you're lucky enough to run into a blog, forum or StackOverflow post on the matter. This is definitely true for the Password Nonce as part of the WS-Security/WSE protocol, which is not natively supported in WCF. Specifically I had a need to create a WCF message on the client that includes a WS-Security header that looks like this from their spec document:<soapenv:Header> <wsse:Security soapenv:mustUnderstand="1" xmlns:wsse="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd"> <wsse:UsernameToken wsu:Id="UsernameToken-8" xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"> <wsse:Username>TeStUsErNaMe1</wsse:Username> <wsse:Password Type="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-username-token-profile-1.0#PasswordText" >TeStPaSsWoRd1</wsse:Password> <wsse:Nonce EncodingType="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-soap-message-security-1.0#Base64Binary" >f8nUe3YupTU5ISdCy3X9Gg==</wsse:Nonce> <wsu:Created>2011-05-04T19:01:40.981Z</wsu:Created> </wsse:UsernameToken> </wsse:Security> </soapenv:Header> Specifically, the Nonce and Created keys are what WCF doesn't create or have a built in formatting for. Why is there a nonce? My first thought here was WTF? The username and password are there in clear text, what does the Nonce accomplish? The Nonce and created keys are are part of WSE Security specification and are meant to allow the server to detect and prevent replay attacks. The hashed nonce should be unique per request which the server can store and check for before running another request thus ensuring that a request is not replayed with exactly the same values. Basic ServiceUtl Import - not much Luck The first thing I did when I imported this service with a service reference was to simply import it as a Service Reference. The Add Service Reference import automatically detects that WS-Security is required and appropariately adds the WS-Security to the basicHttpBinding in the config file:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration> <system.serviceModel> <bindings> <basicHttpBinding> <binding name="RealTimeOnlineSoapBinding"> <security mode="Transport" /> </binding> <binding name="RealTimeOnlineSoapBinding1" /> </basicHttpBinding> </bindings> <client> <endpoint address="https://notarealurl.com:443/services/RealTimeOnline" binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="RealTimeOnlineSoapBinding" contract="RealTimeOnline.RealTimeOnline" name="RealTimeOnline" /> </client> </system.serviceModel> </configuration> If if I run this as is using code like this:var client = new RealTimeOnlineClient(); client.ClientCredentials.UserName.UserName = "TheUsername"; client.ClientCredentials.UserName.Password = "ThePassword"; … I get nothing in terms of WS-Security headers. The request is sent, but the the binding expects transport level security to be applied, rather than message level security. To fix this so that a WS-Security message header is sent the security mode can be changed to: <security mode="TransportWithMessageCredential" /> Now if I re-run I at least get a WS-Security header which looks like this:<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:u="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"> <s:Header> <o:Security s:mustUnderstand="1" xmlns:o="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd"> <u:Timestamp u:Id="_0"> <u:Created>2012-11-24T02:55:18.011Z</u:Created> <u:Expires>2012-11-24T03:00:18.011Z</u:Expires> </u:Timestamp> <o:UsernameToken u:Id="uuid-18c215d4-1106-40a5-8dd1-c81fdddf19d3-1"> <o:Username>TheUserName</o:Username> <o:Password Type="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-username-token-profile-1.0#PasswordText" >ThePassword</o:Password> </o:UsernameToken> </o:Security> </s:Header> Closer! Now the WS-Security header is there along with a timestamp field (which might not be accepted by some WS-Security expecting services), but there's no Nonce or created timestamp as required by my original service. Using a CustomBinding instead My next try was to go with a CustomBinding instead of basicHttpBinding as it allows a bit more control over the protocol and transport configurations for the binding. Specifically I can explicitly specify the message protocol(s) used. Using configuration file settings here's what the config file looks like:<?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration> <system.serviceModel> <bindings> <customBinding> <binding name="CustomSoapBinding"> <security includeTimestamp="false" authenticationMode="UserNameOverTransport" defaultAlgorithmSuite="Basic256" requireDerivedKeys="false" messageSecurityVersion="WSSecurity10WSTrustFebruary2005WSSecureConversationFebruary2005WSSecurityPolicy11BasicSecurityProfile10"> </security> <textMessageEncoding messageVersion="Soap11"></textMessageEncoding> <httpsTransport maxReceivedMessageSize="2000000000"/> </binding> </customBinding> </bindings> <client> <endpoint address="https://notrealurl.com:443/services/RealTimeOnline" binding="customBinding" bindingConfiguration="CustomSoapBinding" contract="RealTimeOnline.RealTimeOnline" name="RealTimeOnline" /> </client> </system.serviceModel> <startup> <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.0"/> </startup> </configuration> This ends up creating a cleaner header that's missing the timestamp field which can cause some services problems. The WS-Security header output generated with the above looks like this:<s:Header> <o:Security s:mustUnderstand="1" xmlns:o="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd"> <o:UsernameToken u:Id="uuid-291622ca-4c11-460f-9886-ac1c78813b24-1"> <o:Username>TheUsername</o:Username> <o:Password Type="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-username-token-profile-1.0#PasswordText" >ThePassword</o:Password> </o:UsernameToken> </o:Security> </s:Header> This is closer as it includes only the username and password. The key here is the protocol for WS-Security:messageSecurityVersion="WSSecurity10WSTrustFebruary2005WSSecureConversationFebruary2005WSSecurityPolicy11BasicSecurityProfile10" which explicitly specifies the protocol version. There are several variants of this specification but none of them seem to support the nonce unfortunately. This protocol does allow for optional omission of the Nonce and created timestamp provided (which effectively makes those keys optional). With some services I tried that requested a Nonce just using this protocol actually worked where the default basicHttpBinding failed to connect, so this is a possible solution for access to some services. Unfortunately for my target service that was not an option. The nonce has to be there. Creating Custom ClientCredentials As it turns out WCF doesn't have support for the Digest Nonce as part of WS-Security, and so as far as I can tell there's no way to do it just with configuration settings. I did a bunch of research on this trying to find workarounds for this, and I did find a couple of entries on StackOverflow as well as on the MSDN forums. However, none of these are particularily clear and I ended up using bits and pieces of several of them to arrive at a working solution in the end. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/896901/wcf-adding-nonce-to-usernametoken http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/wcf/thread/4df3354f-0627-42d9-b5fb-6e880b60f8ee The latter forum message is the more useful of the two (the last message on the thread in particular) and it has most of the information required to make this work. But it took some experimentation for me to get this right so I'll recount the process here maybe a bit more comprehensively. In order for this to work a number of classes have to be overridden: ClientCredentials ClientCredentialsSecurityTokenManager WSSecurityTokenizer The idea is that we need to create a custom ClientCredential class to hold the custom properties so they can be set from the UI or via configuration settings. The TokenManager and Tokenizer are mainly required to allow the custom credentials class to flow through the WCF pipeline and eventually provide custom serialization. Here are the three classes required and their full implementations:public class CustomCredentials : ClientCredentials { public CustomCredentials() { } protected CustomCredentials(CustomCredentials cc) : base(cc) { } public override System.IdentityModel.Selectors.SecurityTokenManager CreateSecurityTokenManager() { return new CustomSecurityTokenManager(this); } protected override ClientCredentials CloneCore() { return new CustomCredentials(this); } } public class CustomSecurityTokenManager : ClientCredentialsSecurityTokenManager { public CustomSecurityTokenManager(CustomCredentials cred) : base(cred) { } public override System.IdentityModel.Selectors.SecurityTokenSerializer CreateSecurityTokenSerializer(System.IdentityModel.Selectors.SecurityTokenVersion version) { return new CustomTokenSerializer(System.ServiceModel.Security.SecurityVersion.WSSecurity11); } } public class CustomTokenSerializer : WSSecurityTokenSerializer { public CustomTokenSerializer(SecurityVersion sv) : base(sv) { } protected override void WriteTokenCore(System.Xml.XmlWriter writer, System.IdentityModel.Tokens.SecurityToken token) { UserNameSecurityToken userToken = token as UserNameSecurityToken; string tokennamespace = "o"; DateTime created = DateTime.Now; string createdStr = created.ToString("yyyy-MM-ddThh:mm:ss.fffZ"); // unique Nonce value - encode with SHA-1 for 'randomness' // in theory the nonce could just be the GUID by itself string phrase = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(); var nonce = GetSHA1String(phrase); // in this case password is plain text // for digest mode password needs to be encoded as: // PasswordAsDigest = Base64(SHA-1(Nonce + Created + Password)) // and profile needs to change to //string password = GetSHA1String(nonce + createdStr + userToken.Password); string password = userToken.Password; writer.WriteRaw(string.Format( "<{0}:UsernameToken u:Id=\"" + token.Id + "\" xmlns:u=\"http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd\">" + "<{0}:Username>" + userToken.UserName + "</{0}:Username>" + "<{0}:Password Type=\"http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-username-token-profile-1.0#PasswordText\">" + password + "</{0}:Password>" + "<{0}:Nonce EncodingType=\"http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-soap-message-security-1.0#Base64Binary\">" + nonce + "</{0}:Nonce>" + "<u:Created>" + createdStr + "</u:Created></{0}:UsernameToken>", tokennamespace)); } protected string GetSHA1String(string phrase) { SHA1CryptoServiceProvider sha1Hasher = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider(); byte[] hashedDataBytes = sha1Hasher.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(phrase)); return Convert.ToBase64String(hashedDataBytes); } } Realistically only the CustomTokenSerializer has any significant code in. The code there deals with actually serializing the custom credentials using low level XML semantics by writing output into an XML writer. I can't take credit for this code - most of the code comes from the MSDN forum post mentioned earlier - I made a few adjustments to simplify the nonce generation and also added some notes to allow for PasswordDigest generation. Per spec the nonce is nothing more than a unique value that's supposed to be 'random'. I'm thinking that this value can be any string that's unique and a GUID on its own probably would have sufficed. Comments on other posts that GUIDs can be potentially guessed are highly exaggerated to say the least IMHO. To satisfy even that aspect though I added the SHA1 encryption and binary decoding to give a more random value that would be impossible to 'guess'. The original example from the forum post used another level of encoding and decoding to string in between - but that really didn't accomplish anything but extra overhead. The header output generated from this looks like this:<s:Header> <o:Security s:mustUnderstand="1" xmlns:o="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd"> <o:UsernameToken u:Id="uuid-f43d8b0d-0ebb-482e-998d-f544401a3c91-1" xmlns:u="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"> <o:Username>TheUsername</o:Username> <o:Password Type="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-username-token-profile-1.0#PasswordText">ThePassword</o:Password> <o:Nonce EncodingType="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-soap-message-security-1.0#Base64Binary" >PjVE24TC6HtdAnsf3U9c5WMsECY=</o:Nonce> <u:Created>2012-11-23T07:10:04.670Z</u:Created> </o:UsernameToken> </o:Security> </s:Header> which is exactly as it should be. Password Digest? In my case the password is passed in plain text over an SSL connection, so there's no digest required so I was done with the code above. Since I don't have a service handy that requires a password digest,  I had no way of testing the code for the digest implementation, but here is how this is likely to work. If you need to pass a digest encoded password things are a little bit trickier. The password type namespace needs to change to: http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-username-token-profile-1.0#Digest and then the password value needs to be encoded. The format for password digest encoding is this: Base64(SHA-1(Nonce + Created + Password)) and it can be handled in the code above with this code (that's commented in the snippet above): string password = GetSHA1String(nonce + createdStr + userToken.Password); The entire WriteTokenCore method for digest code looks like this:protected override void WriteTokenCore(System.Xml.XmlWriter writer, System.IdentityModel.Tokens.SecurityToken token) { UserNameSecurityToken userToken = token as UserNameSecurityToken; string tokennamespace = "o"; DateTime created = DateTime.Now; string createdStr = created.ToString("yyyy-MM-ddThh:mm:ss.fffZ"); // unique Nonce value - encode with SHA-1 for 'randomness' // in theory the nonce could just be the GUID by itself string phrase = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(); var nonce = GetSHA1String(phrase); string password = GetSHA1String(nonce + createdStr + userToken.Password); writer.WriteRaw(string.Format( "<{0}:UsernameToken u:Id=\"" + token.Id + "\" xmlns:u=\"http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd\">" + "<{0}:Username>" + userToken.UserName + "</{0}:Username>" + "<{0}:Password Type=\"http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-username-token-profile-1.0#Digest\">" + password + "</{0}:Password>" + "<{0}:Nonce EncodingType=\"http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-soap-message-security-1.0#Base64Binary\">" + nonce + "</{0}:Nonce>" + "<u:Created>" + createdStr + "</u:Created></{0}:UsernameToken>", tokennamespace)); } I had no service to connect to to try out Digest auth - if you end up needing it and get it to work please drop a comment… How to use the custom Credentials The easiest way to use the custom credentials is to create the client in code. Here's a factory method I use to create an instance of my service client:  public static RealTimeOnlineClient CreateRealTimeOnlineProxy(string url, string username, string password) { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(url)) url = "https://notrealurl.com:443/cows/services/RealTimeOnline"; CustomBinding binding = new CustomBinding(); var security = TransportSecurityBindingElement.CreateUserNameOverTransportBindingElement(); security.IncludeTimestamp = false; security.DefaultAlgorithmSuite = SecurityAlgorithmSuite.Basic256; security.MessageSecurityVersion = MessageSecurityVersion.WSSecurity10WSTrustFebruary2005WSSecureConversationFebruary2005WSSecurityPolicy11BasicSecurityProfile10; var encoding = new TextMessageEncodingBindingElement(); encoding.MessageVersion = MessageVersion.Soap11; var transport = new HttpsTransportBindingElement(); transport.MaxReceivedMessageSize = 20000000; // 20 megs binding.Elements.Add(security); binding.Elements.Add(encoding); binding.Elements.Add(transport); RealTimeOnlineClient client = new RealTimeOnlineClient(binding, new EndpointAddress(url)); // to use full client credential with Nonce uncomment this code: // it looks like this might not be required - the service seems to work without it client.ChannelFactory.Endpoint.Behaviors.Remove<System.ServiceModel.Description.ClientCredentials>(); client.ChannelFactory.Endpoint.Behaviors.Add(new CustomCredentials()); client.ClientCredentials.UserName.UserName = username; client.ClientCredentials.UserName.Password = password; return client; } This returns a service client that's ready to call other service methods. The key item in this code is the ChannelFactory endpoint behavior modification that that first removes the original ClientCredentials and then adds the new one. The ClientCredentials property on the client is read only and this is the way it has to be added.   Summary It's a bummer that WCF doesn't suport WSE Security authentication with nonce values out of the box. From reading the comments in posts/articles while I was trying to find a solution, I found that this feature was omitted by design as this protocol is considered unsecure. While I agree that plain text passwords are rarely a good idea even if they go over secured SSL connection as WSE Security does, there are unfortunately quite a few services (mosly Java services I suspect) that use this protocol. I've run into this twice now and trying to find a solution online I can see that this is not an isolated problem - many others seem to have struggled with this. It seems there are about a dozen questions about this on StackOverflow all with varying incomplete answers. Hopefully this post provides a little more coherent content in one place. Again I marvel at WCF and its breadth of support for protocol features it has in a single tool. And even when it can't handle something there are ways to get it working via extensibility. But at the same time I marvel at how freaking difficult it is to arrive at these solutions. I mean there's no way I could have ever figured this out on my own. It takes somebody working on the WCF team or at least being very, very intricately involved in the innards of WCF to figure out the interconnection of the various objects to do this from scratch. Luckily this is an older problem that has been discussed extensively online and I was able to cobble together a solution from the online content. I'm glad it worked out that way, but it feels dirty and incomplete in that there's a whole learning path that was omitted to get here… Man am I glad I'm not dealing with SOAP services much anymore. REST service security - even when using some sort of federation is a piece of cake by comparison :-) I'm sure once standards bodies gets involved we'll be right back in security standard hell…© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in WCF  Web Services   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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• Announcing release of ASP.NET MVC 3, IIS Express, SQL CE 4, Web Farm Framework, Orchard, WebMatrix

  - by ScottGu

  I’m excited to announce the release today of several products: ASP.NET MVC 3 NuGet IIS Express 7.5 SQL Server Compact Edition 4 Web Deploy and Web Farm Framework 2.0 Orchard 1.0 WebMatrix 1.0 The above products are all free. They build upon the .NET 4 and VS 2010 release, and add a ton of additional value to ASP.NET (both Web Forms and MVC) and the Microsoft Web Server stack. ASP.NET MVC 3 Today we are shipping the final release of ASP.NET MVC 3.  You can download and install ASP.NET MVC 3 here.  The ASP.NET MVC 3 source code (released under an OSI-compliant open source license) can also optionally be downloaded here. ASP.NET MVC 3 is a significant update that brings with it a bunch of great features.  Some of the improvements include: Razor ASP.NET MVC 3 ships with a new view-engine option called “Razor” (in addition to continuing to support/enhance the existing .aspx view engine).  Razor minimizes the number of characters and keystrokes required when writing a view template, and enables a fast, fluid coding workflow. Unlike most template syntaxes, with Razor you do not need to interrupt your coding to explicitly denote the start and end of server blocks within your HTML. The Razor parser is smart enough to infer this from your code. This enables a compact and expressive syntax which is clean, fast and fun to type.  You can learn more about Razor from some of the blog posts I’ve done about it over the last 6 months Introducing Razor New @model keyword in Razor Layouts with Razor Server-Side Comments with Razor Razor’s @: and <text> syntax Implicit and Explicit code nuggets with Razor Layouts and Sections with Razor Today’s release supports full code intellisense support for Razor (both VB and C#) with Visual Studio 2010 and the free Visual Web Developer 2010 Express. JavaScript Improvements ASP.NET MVC 3 enables richer JavaScript scenarios and takes advantage of emerging HTML5 capabilities. The AJAX and Validation helpers in ASP.NET MVC 3 now use an Unobtrusive JavaScript based approach.  Unobtrusive JavaScript avoids injecting inline JavaScript into HTML, and enables cleaner separation of behavior using the new HTML 5 “data-“ attribute convention (which conveniently works on older browsers as well – including IE6). This keeps your HTML tight and clean, and makes it easier to optionally swap out or customize JS libraries.  ASP.NET MVC 3 now includes built-in support for posting JSON-based parameters from client-side JavaScript to action methods on the server.  This makes it easier to exchange data across the client and server, and build rich JavaScript front-ends.  We think this capability will be particularly useful going forward with scenarios involving client templates and data binding (including the jQuery plugins the ASP.NET team recently contributed to the jQuery project).  Previous releases of ASP.NET MVC included the core jQuery library.  ASP.NET MVC 3 also now ships the jQuery Validate plugin (which our validation helpers use for client-side validation scenarios).  We are also now shipping and including jQuery UI by default as well (which provides a rich set of client-side JavaScript UI widgets for you to use within projects). Improved Validation ASP.NET MVC 3 includes a bunch of validation enhancements that make it even easier to work with data. Client-side validation is now enabled by default with ASP.NET MVC 3 (using an onbtrusive javascript implementation).  Today’s release also includes built-in support for Remote Validation - which enables you to annotate a model class with a validation attribute that causes ASP.NET MVC to perform a remote validation call to a server method when validating input on the client. The validation features introduced within .NET 4’s System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations namespace are now supported by ASP.NET MVC 3.  This includes support for the new IValidatableObject interface – which enables you to perform model-level validation, and allows you to provide validation error messages specific to the state of the overall model, or between two properties within the model.  ASP.NET MVC 3 also supports the improvements made to the ValidationAttribute class in .NET 4.  ValidationAttribute now supports a new IsValid overload that provides more information about the current validation context, such as what object is being validated.  This enables richer scenarios where you can validate the current value based on another property of the model.  We’ve shipped a built-in [Compare] validation attribute  with ASP.NET MVC 3 that uses this support and makes it easy out of the box to compare and validate two property values. You can use any data access API or technology with ASP.NET MVC.  This past year, though, we’ve worked closely with the .NET data team to ensure that the new EF Code First library works really well for ASP.NET MVC applications.  These two posts of mine cover the latest EF Code First preview and demonstrates how to use it with ASP.NET MVC 3 to enable easy editing of data (with end to end client+server validation support).  The final release of EF Code First will ship in the next few weeks. Today we are also publishing the first preview of a new MvcScaffolding project.  It enables you to easily scaffold ASP.NET MVC 3 Controllers and Views, and works great with EF Code-First (and is pluggable to support other data providers).  You can learn more about it – and install it via NuGet today - from Steve Sanderson’s MvcScaffolding blog post. Output Caching Previous releases of ASP.NET MVC supported output caching content at a URL or action-method level. With ASP.NET MVC V3 we are also enabling support for partial page output caching – which allows you to easily output cache regions or fragments of a response as opposed to the entire thing.  This ends up being super useful in a lot of scenarios, and enables you to dramatically reduce the work your application does on the server.  The new partial page output caching support in ASP.NET MVC 3 enables you to easily re-use cached sub-regions/fragments of a page across multiple URLs on a site.  It supports the ability to cache the content either on the web-server, or optionally cache it within a distributed cache server like Windows Server AppFabric or memcached. I’ll post some tutorials on my blog that show how to take advantage of ASP.NET MVC 3’s new output caching support for partial page scenarios in the future. Better Dependency Injection ASP.NET MVC 3 provides better support for applying Dependency Injection (DI) and integrating with Dependency Injection/IOC containers. With ASP.NET MVC 3 you no longer need to author custom ControllerFactory classes in order to enable DI with Controllers.  You can instead just register a Dependency Injection framework with ASP.NET MVC 3 and it will resolve dependencies not only for Controllers, but also for Views, Action Filters, Model Binders, Value Providers, Validation Providers, and Model Metadata Providers that you use within your application. This makes it much easier to cleanly integrate dependency injection within your projects. Other Goodies ASP.NET MVC 3 includes dozens of other nice improvements that help to both reduce the amount of code you write, and make the code you do write cleaner.  Here are just a few examples: Improved New Project dialog that makes it easy to start new ASP.NET MVC 3 projects from templates. Improved Add->View Scaffolding support that enables the generation of even cleaner view templates. New ViewBag property that uses .NET 4’s dynamic support to make it easy to pass late-bound data from Controllers to Views. Global Filters support that allows specifying cross-cutting filter attributes (like [HandleError]) across all Controllers within an app. New [AllowHtml] attribute that allows for more granular request validation when binding form posted data to models. Sessionless controller support that allows fine grained control over whether SessionState is enabled on a Controller. New ActionResult types like HttpNotFoundResult and RedirectPermanent for common HTTP scenarios. New Html.Raw() helper to indicate that output should not be HTML encoded. New Crypto helpers for salting and hashing passwords. And much, much more… Learn More about ASP.NET MVC 3 We will be posting lots of tutorials and samples on the http://asp.net/mvc site in the weeks ahead.  Below are two good ASP.NET MVC 3 tutorials available on the site today: Build your First ASP.NET MVC 3 Application: VB and C# Building the ASP.NET MVC 3 Music Store We’ll post additional ASP.NET MVC 3 tutorials and videos on the http://asp.net/mvc site in the future. Visit it regularly to find new tutorials as they are published. How to Upgrade Existing Projects ASP.NET MVC 3 is compatible with ASP.NET MVC 2 – which means it should be easy to update existing MVC projects to ASP.NET MVC 3.  The new features in ASP.NET MVC 3 build on top of the foundational work we’ve already done with the MVC 1 and MVC 2 releases – which means that the skills, knowledge, libraries, and books you’ve acquired are all directly applicable with the MVC 3 release.  MVC 3 adds new features and capabilities – it doesn’t obsolete existing ones. You can upgrade existing ASP.NET MVC 2 projects by following the manual upgrade steps in the release notes.  Alternatively, you can use this automated ASP.NET MVC 3 upgrade tool to easily update your  existing projects. Localized Builds Today’s ASP.NET MVC 3 release is available in English.  We will be releasing localized versions of ASP.NET MVC 3 (in 9 languages) in a few days.  I’ll blog pointers to the localized downloads once they are available. NuGet Today we are also shipping NuGet – a free, open source, package manager that makes it easy for you to find, install, and use open source libraries in your projects. It works with all .NET project types (including ASP.NET Web Forms, ASP.NET MVC, WPF, WinForms, Silverlight, and Class Libraries).  You can download and install it here. NuGet enables developers who maintain open source projects (for example, .NET projects like Moq, NHibernate, Ninject, StructureMap, NUnit, Windsor, Raven, Elmah, etc) to package up their libraries and register them with an online gallery/catalog that is searchable.  The client-side NuGet tools – which include full Visual Studio integration – make it trivial for any .NET developer who wants to use one of these libraries to easily find and install it within the project they are working on. NuGet handles dependency management between libraries (for example: library1 depends on library2). It also makes it easy to update (and optionally remove) libraries from your projects later. It supports updating web.config files (if a package needs configuration settings). It also allows packages to add PowerShell scripts to a project (for example: scaffold commands). Importantly, NuGet is transparent and clean – and does not install anything at the system level. Instead it is focused on making it easy to manage libraries you use with your projects. Our goal with NuGet is to make it as simple as possible to integrate open source libraries within .NET projects.  NuGet Gallery This week we also launched a beta version of the http://nuget.org web-site – which allows anyone to easily search and browse an online gallery of open source packages available via NuGet.  The site also now allows developers to optionally submit new packages that they wish to share with others.  You can learn more about how to create and share a package here. There are hundreds of open-source .NET projects already within the NuGet Gallery today.  We hope to have thousands there in the future. IIS Express 7.5 Today we are also shipping IIS Express 7.5.  IIS Express is a free version of IIS 7.5 that is optimized for developer scenarios.  It works for both ASP.NET Web Forms and ASP.NET MVC project types. We think IIS Express combines the ease of use of the ASP.NET Web Server (aka Cassini) currently built-into Visual Studio today with the full power of IIS.  Specifically: It’s lightweight and easy to install (less than 5Mb download and a quick install) It does not require an administrator account to run/debug applications from Visual Studio It enables a full web-server feature set – including SSL, URL Rewrite, and other IIS 7.x modules It supports and enables the same extensibility model and web.config file settings that IIS 7.x support It can be installed side-by-side with the full IIS web server as well as the ASP.NET Development Server (they do not conflict at all) It works on Windows XP and higher operating systems – giving you a full IIS 7.x developer feature-set on all Windows OS platforms IIS Express (like the ASP.NET Development Server) can be quickly launched to run a site from a directory on disk.  It does not require any registration/configuration steps. This makes it really easy to launch and run for development scenarios.  You can also optionally redistribute IIS Express with your own applications if you want a lightweight web-server.  The standard IIS Express EULA now includes redistributable rights. Visual Studio 2010 SP1 adds support for IIS Express.  Read my VS 2010 SP1 and IIS Express blog post to learn more about what it enables.  SQL Server Compact Edition 4 Today we are also shipping SQL Server Compact Edition 4 (aka SQL CE 4).  SQL CE is a free, embedded, database engine that enables easy database storage. No Database Installation Required SQL CE does not require you to run a setup or install a database server in order to use it.  You can simply copy the SQL CE binaries into the \bin directory of your ASP.NET application, and then your web application can use it as a database engine.  No setup or extra security permissions are required for it to run. You do not need to have an administrator account on the machine. Just copy your web application onto any server and it will work. This is true even of medium-trust applications running in a web hosting environment. SQL CE runs in-memory within your ASP.NET application and will start-up when you first access a SQL CE database, and will automatically shutdown when your application is unloaded.  SQL CE databases are stored as files that live within the \App_Data folder of your ASP.NET Applications. Works with Existing Data APIs SQL CE 4 works with existing .NET-based data APIs, and supports a SQL Server compatible query syntax.  This means you can use existing data APIs like ADO.NET, as well as use higher-level ORMs like Entity Framework and NHibernate with SQL CE.  This enables you to use the same data programming skills and data APIs you know today. Supports Development, Testing and Production Scenarios SQL CE can be used for development scenarios, testing scenarios, and light production usage scenarios.  With the SQL CE 4 release we’ve done the engineering work to ensure that SQL CE won’t crash or deadlock when used in a multi-threaded server scenario (like ASP.NET).  This is a big change from previous releases of SQL CE – which were designed for client-only scenarios and which explicitly blocked running in web-server environments.  Starting with SQL CE 4 you can use it in a web-server as well. There are no license restrictions with SQL CE.  It is also totally free. Tooling Support with VS 2010 SP1 Visual Studio 2010 SP1 adds support for SQL CE 4 and ASP.NET Projects.  Read my VS 2010 SP1 and SQL CE 4 blog post to learn more about what it enables.  Web Deploy and Web Farm Framework 2.0 Today we are also releasing Microsoft Web Deploy V2 and Microsoft Web Farm Framework V2.  These services provide a flexible and powerful way to deploy ASP.NET applications onto either a single server, or across a web farm of machines. You can learn more about these capabilities from my previous blog posts on them: Introducing the Microsoft Web Farm Framework Automating Deployment with Microsoft Web Deploy Visit the http://iis.net website to learn more and install them. Both are free. Orchard 1.0 Today we are also releasing Orchard v1.0.  Orchard is a free, open source, community based project.  It provides Content Management System (CMS) and Blogging System support out of the box, and makes it possible to easily create and manage web-sites without having to write code (site owners can customize a site through the browser-based editing tools built-into Orchard).  Read these tutorials to learn more about how you can setup and manage your own Orchard site. Orchard itself is built as an ASP.NET MVC 3 application using Razor view templates (and by default uses SQL CE 4 for data storage).  Developers wishing to extend an Orchard site with custom functionality can open and edit it as a Visual Studio project – and add new ASP.NET MVC Controllers/Views to it.  WebMatrix 1.0 WebMatrix is a new, free, web development tool from Microsoft that provides a suite of technologies that make it easier to enable website development.  It enables a developer to start a new site by browsing and downloading an app template from an online gallery of web applications (which includes popular apps like Umbraco, DotNetNuke, Orchard, WordPress, Drupal and Joomla).  Alternatively it also enables developers to create and code web sites from scratch. WebMatrix is task focused and helps guide developers as they work on sites.  WebMatrix includes IIS Express, SQL CE 4, and ASP.NET - providing an integrated web-server, database and programming framework combination.  It also includes built-in web publishing support which makes it easy to find and deploy sites to web hosting providers. You can learn more about WebMatrix from my Introducing WebMatrix blog post this summer.  Visit http://microsoft.com/web to download and install it today. Summary I’m really excited about today’s releases – they provide a bunch of additional value that makes web development with ASP.NET, Visual Studio and the Microsoft Web Server a lot better.  A lot of folks worked hard to share this with you today. On behalf of my whole team – we hope you enjoy them! Scott P.S. In addition to blogging, I am also now using Twitter for quick updates and to share links. Follow me at: twitter.com/scottgu

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• Using jQuery to Insert a New Database Record

  - by Stephen Walther

  The goal of this blog entry is to explore the easiest way of inserting a new record into a database using jQuery and .NET. I’m going to explore two approaches: using Generic Handlers and using a WCF service (In a future blog entry I’ll take a look at OData and WCF Data Services). Create the ASP.NET Project I’ll start by creating a new empty ASP.NET application with Visual Studio 2010. Select the menu option File, New Project and select the ASP.NET Empty Web Application project template. Setup the Database and Data Model I’ll use my standard MoviesDB.mdf movies database. This database contains one table named Movies that looks like this: I’ll use the ADO.NET Entity Framework to represent my database data: Select the menu option Project, Add New Item and select the ADO.NET Entity Data Model project item. Name the data model MoviesDB.edmx and click the Add button. In the Choose Model Contents step, select Generate from database and click the Next button. In the Choose Your Data Connection step, leave all of the defaults and click the Next button. In the Choose Your Data Objects step, select the Movies table and click the Finish button. Unfortunately, Visual Studio 2010 cannot spell movie correctly :) You need to click on Movy and change the name of the class to Movie. In the Properties window, change the Entity Set Name to Movies. Using a Generic Handler In this section, we’ll use jQuery with an ASP.NET generic handler to insert a new record into the database. A generic handler is similar to an ASP.NET page, but it does not have any of the overhead. It consists of one method named ProcessRequest(). Select the menu option Project, Add New Item and select the Generic Handler project item. Name your new generic handler InsertMovie.ashx and click the Add button. Modify your handler so it looks like Listing 1: Listing 1 – InsertMovie.ashx using System.Web; namespace WebApplication1 { /// <summary> /// Inserts a new movie into the database /// </summary> public class InsertMovie : IHttpHandler { private MoviesDBEntities _dataContext = new MoviesDBEntities(); public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) { context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain"; // Extract form fields var title = context.Request["title"]; var director = context.Request["director"]; // Create movie to insert var movieToInsert = new Movie { Title = title, Director = director }; // Save new movie to DB _dataContext.AddToMovies(movieToInsert); _dataContext.SaveChanges(); // Return success context.Response.Write("success"); } public bool IsReusable { get { return true; } } } } In Listing 1, the ProcessRequest() method is used to retrieve a title and director from form parameters. Next, a new Movie is created with the form values. Finally, the new movie is saved to the database and the string “success” is returned. Using jQuery with the Generic Handler We can call the InsertMovie.ashx generic handler from jQuery by using the standard jQuery post() method. The following HTML page illustrates how you can retrieve form field values and post the values to the generic handler: Listing 2 – Default.htm <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Add Movie</title> <script src="http://ajax.microsoft.com/ajax/jquery/jquery-1.4.2.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </head> <body> <form> <label>Title:</label> <input name="title" /> <br /> <label>Director:</label> <input name="director" /> </form> <button id="btnAdd">Add Movie</button> <script type="text/javascript"> $("#btnAdd").click(function () { $.post("InsertMovie.ashx", $("form").serialize(), insertCallback); }); function insertCallback(result) { if (result == "success") { alert("Movie added!"); } else { alert("Could not add movie!"); } } </script> </body> </html>     When you open the page in Listing 2 in a web browser, you get a simple HTML form: Notice that the page in Listing 2 includes the jQuery library. The jQuery library is included with the following SCRIPT tag: <script src="http://ajax.microsoft.com/ajax/jquery/jquery-1.4.2.js" type="text/javascript"></script> The jQuery library is included on the Microsoft Ajax CDN so you can always easily include the jQuery library in your applications. You can learn more about the CDN at this website: http://www.asp.net/ajaxLibrary/cdn.ashx When you click the Add Movie button, the jQuery post() method is called to post the form data to the InsertMovie.ashx generic handler. Notice that the form values are serialized into a URL encoded string by calling the jQuery serialize() method. The serialize() method uses the name attribute of form fields and not the id attribute. Notes on this Approach This is a very low-level approach to interacting with .NET through jQuery – but it is simple and it works! And, you don’t need to use any JavaScript libraries in addition to the jQuery library to use this approach. The signature for the jQuery post() callback method looks like this: callback(data, textStatus, XmlHttpRequest) The second parameter, textStatus, returns the HTTP status code from the server. I tried returning different status codes from the generic handler with an eye towards implementing server validation by returning a status code such as 400 Bad Request when validation fails (see http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html ). I finally figured out that the callback is not invoked when the textStatus has any value other than “success”. Using a WCF Service As an alternative to posting to a generic handler, you can create a WCF service. You create a new WCF service by selecting the menu option Project, Add New Item and selecting the Ajax-enabled WCF Service project item. Name your WCF service InsertMovie.svc and click the Add button. Modify the WCF service so that it looks like Listing 3: Listing 3 – InsertMovie.svc using System.ServiceModel; using System.ServiceModel.Activation; namespace WebApplication1 { [ServiceBehavior(IncludeExceptionDetailInFaults=true)] [ServiceContract(Namespace = "")] [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)] public class MovieService { private MoviesDBEntities _dataContext = new MoviesDBEntities(); [OperationContract] public bool Insert(string title, string director) { // Create movie to insert var movieToInsert = new Movie { Title = title, Director = director }; // Save new movie to DB _dataContext.AddToMovies(movieToInsert); _dataContext.SaveChanges(); // Return movie (with primary key) return true; } } }   The WCF service in Listing 3 uses the Entity Framework to insert a record into the Movies database table. The service always returns the value true. Notice that the service in Listing 3 includes the following attribute: [ServiceBehavior(IncludeExceptionDetailInFaults=true)] You need to include this attribute if you want to get detailed error information back to the client. When you are building an application, you should always include this attribute. When you are ready to release your application, you should remove this attribute for security reasons. Using jQuery with the WCF Service Calling a WCF service from jQuery requires a little more work than calling a generic handler from jQuery. Here are some good blog posts on some of the issues with using jQuery with WCF: http://encosia.com/2008/06/05/3-mistakes-to-avoid-when-using-jquery-with-aspnet-ajax/ http://encosia.com/2008/03/27/using-jquery-to-consume-aspnet-json-web-services/ http://weblogs.asp.net/scottgu/archive/2007/04/04/json-hijacking-and-how-asp-net-ajax-1-0-mitigates-these-attacks.aspx http://www.west-wind.com/Weblog/posts/896411.aspx http://www.west-wind.com/weblog/posts/324917.aspx http://professionalaspnet.com/archive/tags/WCF/default.aspx The primary requirement when calling WCF from jQuery is that the request use JSON: The request must include a content-type:application/json header. Any parameters included with the request must be JSON encoded. Unfortunately, jQuery does not include a method for serializing JSON (Although, oddly, jQuery does include a parseJSON() method for deserializing JSON). Therefore, we need to use an additional library to handle the JSON serialization. The page in Listing 4 illustrates how you can call a WCF service from jQuery. Listing 4 – Default2.aspx <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Add Movie</title> <script src="http://ajax.microsoft.com/ajax/jquery/jquery-1.4.2.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="Scripts/json2.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </head> <body> <form> <label>Title:</label> <input id="title" /> <br /> <label>Director:</label> <input id="director" /> </form> <button id="btnAdd">Add Movie</button> <script type="text/javascript"> $("#btnAdd").click(function () { // Convert the form into an object var data = { title: $("#title").val(), director: $("#director").val() }; // JSONify the data data = JSON.stringify(data); // Post it $.ajax({ type: "POST", contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8", url: "MovieService.svc/Insert", data: data, dataType: "json", success: insertCallback }); }); function insertCallback(result) { // unwrap result result = result["d"]; if (result === true) { alert("Movie added!"); } else { alert("Could not add movie!"); } } </script> </body> </html> There are several things to notice about Listing 4. First, notice that the page includes both the jQuery library and Douglas Crockford’s JSON2 library: <script src="Scripts/json2.js" type="text/javascript"></script> You need to include the JSON2 library to serialize the form values into JSON. You can download the JSON2 library from the following location: http://www.json.org/js.html When you click the button to submit the form, the form data is converted into a JavaScript object: // Convert the form into an object var data = { title: $("#title").val(), director: $("#director").val() }; Next, the data is serialized into JSON using the JSON2 library: // JSONify the data var data = JSON.stringify(data); Finally, the form data is posted to the WCF service by calling the jQuery ajax() method: // Post it $.ajax({   type: "POST",   contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",   url: "MovieService.svc/Insert",   data: data,   dataType: "json",   success: insertCallback }); You can’t use the standard jQuery post() method because you must set the content-type of the request to be application/json. Otherwise, the WCF service will reject the request for security reasons. For details, see the Scott Guthrie blog post: http://weblogs.asp.net/scottgu/archive/2007/04/04/json-hijacking-and-how-asp-net-ajax-1-0-mitigates-these-attacks.aspx The insertCallback() method is called when the WCF service returns a response. This method looks like this: function insertCallback(result) {   // unwrap result   result = result["d"];   if (result === true) {       alert("Movie added!");   } else {     alert("Could not add movie!");   } } When we called the jQuery ajax() method, we set the dataType to JSON. That causes the jQuery ajax() method to deserialize the response from the WCF service from JSON into a JavaScript object automatically. The following value is passed to the insertCallback method: {"d":true} For security reasons, a WCF service always returns a response with a “d” wrapper. The following line of code removes the “d” wrapper: // unwrap result result = result["d"]; To learn more about the “d” wrapper, I recommend that you read the following blog posts: http://encosia.com/2009/02/10/a-breaking-change-between-versions-of-aspnet-ajax/ http://encosia.com/2009/06/29/never-worry-about-asp-net-ajaxs-d-again/ Summary In this blog entry, I explored two methods of inserting a database record using jQuery and .NET. First, we created a generic handler and called the handler from jQuery. This is a very low-level approach. However, it is a simple approach that works. Next, we looked at how you can call a WCF service using jQuery. This approach required a little more work because you need to serialize objects into JSON. We used the JSON2 library to perform the serialization. In the next blog post, I want to explore how you can use jQuery with OData and WCF Data Services.

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• Quick guide to Oracle IRM 11g: Server configuration

  - by Simon Thorpe

  Quick guide to Oracle IRM 11g index Welcome to the second article in this quick quide to Oracle IRM 11g. Hopefully you've just finished the first article which takes you through deploying the software onto a Linux server. This article walks you through the configuration of this new service and contains a subset of information from the official documentation and is focused on installing the server on Oracle Enterprise Linux. If you are planning to deploy on a non-Linux platform, you will need to reference the documentation for platform specific information. Contents Introduction Create IRM WebLogic Domain Starting the Admin Server and initial configuration Introduction In the previous article the database was prepared, the WebLogic Application Server installed and the files required for an IRM server installed. But we don't actually have a configured system yet. We need to now create a WebLogic Domain in which the IRM server will run, then configure some of the settings and crypography so that we can create a context and be ready to seal some content and test it all works. This article doesn't cover the configuration of SSL communication from client to server. This is quite a big topic and a separate article has been dedicated for this area. In these articles I also use the hostname, irm.company.internal to reference the IRM server and later on use the hostname irm.company.com in reference to the public facing service. Create IRM WebLogic Domain First step is creating the WebLogic domain, in a console switch to the newly created IRM installation folder as shown below and we will run the domain configuration wizard. [oracle@irm /]$ cd /oracle/middleware/Oracle_IRM/common/bin [oracle@irm bin]$ ./config.sh First thing the wizard will ask is if you wish to create a new or extend an existing domain. This guide is creating a standalone system so you should select to create a new domain. Next step is to choose what technologies from the Oracle ECM Suite you wish this domain to host. You are only interested in selecting the option "Oracle Information Rights Management". When you select this check box you will notice that it also selects "Oracle Enterprise Manager" and "Oracle JRF" as these are dependencies of the IRM server. You then need to specify where you wish to place the domain files. I usually just change the domain name from base_domain or irm_domain and leave the others with their defaults. Now the domain will have a single user initially and by default this user is called "weblogic". I usually change this account name to "sysadmin" or "administrator", but in this guide lets just accept the default. With respects to the next dialog, again for eval or dev reasons, leave the server startup mode as development. The JDK should also be automatically detected. We now need to provide details of the database. This guide is using the Oracle 11gR2 database and the settings I used can be seen in the image to the right. There is a lot of configuration that can now be done for the admin server, any managed servers and where the deployments reside. In this guide I am leaving all of these to their defaults so do not check any of the boxes. However I will on this blog be detailing later how you can go back and setup things such as automated startup of an IRM server which require changes to these default settings. But for now, lets leave it all alone and just click next. Now we are ready to install. Note that from this dialog you can scroll the left window and see there are going to be two servers created from the defaults. The AdminServer which is where you modify settings for the WebLogic Server and also hosts the Oracle Enterprise Manager for IRM which allows to monitor the IRM service performance and also make service related settings (which we shortly do below) and the IRM_server1 which hosts the actual IRM services themselves. So go right ahead and hit create, the process is pretty quick and usually under 10 minutes. When the domain creation ends, it will give you the URL to the admin server. It's worth noting this down and the URL is usually; http://irm.company.internal:7001 Starting the Admin Server and initial configuration First thing to do is to start the WebLogic Admin server and review the initial IRM server settings. In this guide we are going to run the Admin server and IRM server in console windows, in another article I will discuss running these as background services. So for now, start a console and run the Admin server by doing the following. cd /oracle/middleware/user_projects/domains/irm_domain/ ./startWebLogic.sh Wait for the server to start, you are looking for the following line to be reported in the console window. <BEA-00360><Server started in RUNNING mode> First step is configuring the IRM service via Enterprise Manager. Now that the Admin server is running you can point a browser at http://irm.company.internal:7001/em. Login with the username and password you supplied when you created the domain. In Enterprise Manager the IRM service administrator is able to make server wide configuration. However finding where to access the pages with these settings can be a bit of a challenge. After logging in on the left you'll see a tree containing elements of the Enterprise Manager farm Farm_irm_domain. Open up Content Management, then Information Rights Management and finally select the IRM node. On the right then select the IRM menu item, navigate to the Administration section and now we have four options, for now, we are just going to look at General Settings. The image on the right proves that a picture is worth a thousand words (or 113 in this case). The General Settings page allows you to set the cryptographic algorithms used for protecting sealed content. Unless you have a burning need to increase the key lengths or you need to comply to a regulation or government mandate, AES192 is a good start. You can change this later on without worry. The most important setting here we need to make is the Server URL. In this blog article I go over why this URL is so important, basically every single piece of content you protect with Oracle IRM is going to have this URL embedded in it, so if it's wrong or unresolvable, then nobody can open the secured documents. Note that in our environment we have yet to do any SSL configuration of the service. If you intend to build a server without SSL, then use http as the protocol instead of https. But I would recommend using SSL and setting this up is described in the next article. I would also probably up the device count from 1 to 3. This means that any user can retrieve rights to access content onto 3 computers at any one time. The default of 1 doesn't really make sense in development, evaluation nor even production environments and my experience is that 3 is a better number. Next step is to create the keystore for the IRM server. When a classification (called a context) is created, Oracle IRM generates a unique set of symmetric keys which are used to secure the content itself. These keys are then encrypted with a set of "wrapper" asymmetric cryptography keys which are stored externally to the server either in a Java Key Store or a HSM. These keys need to be generated and the following shows my commands and the resulting output. I have greyed out the responses from the commands so you can see the input a little easier. [oracle@irmsrv ~]$ cd /oracle/middleware/wlserver_10.3/server/bin/ [oracle@irmsrv bin]$ ./setWLSEnv.sh CLASSPATH=/oracle/middleware/patch_wls1033/profiles/default/sys_manifest_classpath/weblogic_patch.jar:/oracle/middleware/patch_ocp353/profiles/default/sys_manifest_classpath/weblogic_patch.jar:/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_18/lib/tools.jar:/oracle/middleware/wlserver_10.3/server/lib/weblogic_sp.jar:/oracle/middleware/wlserver_10.3/server/lib/weblogic.jar:/oracle/middleware/modules/features/weblogic.server.modules_10.3.3.0.jar:/oracle/middleware/wlserver_10.3/server/lib/webservices.jar:/oracle/middleware/modules/org.apache.ant_1.7.1/lib/ant-all.jar:/oracle/middleware/modules/net.sf.antcontrib_1.1.0.0_1-0b2/lib/ant-contrib.jar: PATH=/oracle/middleware/wlserver_10.3/server/bin:/oracle/middleware/modules/org.apache.ant_1.7.1/bin:/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_18/jre/bin:/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_18/bin:/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/home/oracle/bin Your environment has been set. [oracle@irmsrv bin]$ cd /oracle/middleware/user_projects/domains/irm_domain/config/fmwconfig/ [oracle@irmsrv fmwconfig]$ keytool -genkeypair -alias oracle.irm.wrap -keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -keystore irm.jks Enter keystore password: Re-enter new password: What is your first and last name? [Unknown]: Simon Thorpe What is the name of your organizational unit? [Unknown]: Oracle What is the name of your organization? [Unknown]: Oracle What is the name of your City or Locality? [Unknown]: San Francisco What is the name of your State or Province? [Unknown]: CA What is the two-letter country code for this unit? [Unknown]: US Is CN=Simon Thorpe, OU=Oracle, O=Oracle, L=San Francisco, ST=CA, C=US correct? [no]: yes Enter key password for (RETURN if same as keystore password): At this point we now have an irm.jks in the directory /oracle/middleware/user_projects/domains/irm_domain/config/fmwconfig. The reason we store it here is this folder would be backed up as part of a domain backup. As with any cryptographic technology, DO NOT LOSE THESE KEYS OR THIS KEY STORE. Once you've sealed content against a context, the keys will be wrapped with these keys, lose these keys, and you can't get access to any secured content, pretty important. Now we've got the keys created, we need to go back to the IRM Enterprise Manager and set the location of the key store. Going back to the General Settings page in Enterprise Manager scroll down to Keystore Settings. Leave the type as JKS but change the location to; /oracle/Middleware/user_projects/domains/irm_domain/config/fmwconfig/irm.jks and hit Apply. The final step with regards to the key store is we need to tell the server what the password is for the Java Key Store so that it can be opened and the keys accessed. Once more fire up a console window and run these commands (again i've greyed out the clutter to see the commands easier). You will see dummy passed into the commands, this is because the command asks for a username, but in this instance we don't use one, hence the value dummy is passed and it isn't used. [oracle@irmsrv fmwconfig]$ cd /oracle/middleware/Oracle_IRM/common/bin/ [oracle@irmsrv bin]$ ./wlst.sh ... lots of settings fly by... Welcome to WebLogic Server Administration Scripting Shell Type help() for help on available commands wls:/offline>connect('weblogic','password','t3://irmsrv.us.oracle.com:7001') Connecting to t3://irmsrv.us.oracle.com:7001 with userid weblogic ... Successfully connected to Admin Server 'AdminServer' that belongs to domain 'irm_domain'. Warning: An insecure protocol was used to connect to the server. To ensure on-the-wire security, the SSL port or Admin port should be used instead. wls:/irm_domain/serverConfig>createCred("IRM","keystore:irm.jks","dummy","password") Location changed to domainRuntime tree. This is a read-only tree with DomainMBean as the root. For more help, use help(domainRuntime)wls:/irm_domain/serverConfig>createCred("IRM","key:irm.jks:oracle.irm.wrap","dummy","password") Already in Domain Runtime Tree wls:/irm_domain/serverConfig> At last we are now ready to fire up the IRM server itself. The domain creation created a managed server called IRM_server1 and we need to start this, use the following commands in a new console window. cd /oracle/middleware/user_projects/domains/irm_domain/bin/ ./startManagedWebLogic.sh IRM_server1 This will start up the server in the console, unlike the Admin server, you need to provide the username and password for the service to start. Enter in your weblogic username and password when prompted. You can change this behavior by putting the password into a boot.properties file, read more about this in the WebLogic Server documentation. Once running, wait until you see the line; <Notice><WebLogicServer><BEA-000360><Server started in RUNNING mode> At this point we can now login to the Oracle IRM Management Website at the URL. http://irm.company.internal:1600/irm_rights/ The server is just configured for HTTP at the moment, no SSL involved. Just want to ensure we can get a working system up and running. You should now see a login like the image on the right and you can now login using your weblogic username and password. The next article in this guide goes over adding SSL and now testing your server by actually adding a few users, sealing some content and opening this content as a user.

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• VS 2010 SP1 and SQL CE

  - by ScottGu

  Last month we released the Beta of VS 2010 Service Pack 1 (SP1).  You can learn more about the VS 2010 SP1 Beta from Jason Zander’s two blog posts about it, and from Scott Hanselman’s blog post that covers some of the new capabilities enabled with it.   You can download and install the VS 2010 SP1 Beta here. Last week I blogged about the new Visual Studio support for IIS Express that we are adding with VS 2010 SP1. In today’s post I’m going to talk about the new VS 2010 SP1 tooling support for SQL CE, and walkthrough some of the cool scenarios it enables.  SQL CE – What is it and why should you care? SQL CE is a free, embedded, database engine that enables easy database storage. No Database Installation Required SQL CE does not require you to run a setup or install a database server in order to use it.  You can simply copy the SQL CE binaries into the \bin directory of your ASP.NET application, and then your web application can use it as a database engine.  No setup or extra security permissions are required for it to run. You do not need to have an administrator account on the machine. Just copy your web application onto any server and it will work. This is true even of medium-trust applications running in a web hosting environment. SQL CE runs in-memory within your ASP.NET application and will start-up when you first access a SQL CE database, and will automatically shutdown when your application is unloaded.  SQL CE databases are stored as files that live within the \App_Data folder of your ASP.NET Applications. Works with Existing Data APIs SQL CE 4 works with existing .NET-based data APIs, and supports a SQL Server compatible query syntax.  This means you can use existing data APIs like ADO.NET, as well as use higher-level ORMs like Entity Framework and NHibernate with SQL CE.  This enables you to use the same data programming skills and data APIs you know today. Supports Development, Testing and Production Scenarios SQL CE can be used for development scenarios, testing scenarios, and light production usage scenarios.  With the SQL CE 4 release we’ve done the engineering work to ensure that SQL CE won’t crash or deadlock when used in a multi-threaded server scenario (like ASP.NET).  This is a big change from previous releases of SQL CE – which were designed for client-only scenarios and which explicitly blocked running in web-server environments.  Starting with SQL CE 4 you can use it in a web-server as well. There are no license restrictions with SQL CE.  It is also totally free. Easy Migration to SQL Server SQL CE is an embedded database – which makes it ideal for development, testing, and light-usage scenarios.  For high-volume sites and applications you’ll probably want to migrate your database to use SQL Server Express (which is free), SQL Server or SQL Azure.  These servers enable much better scalability, more development features (including features like Stored Procedures – which aren’t supported with SQL CE), as well as more advanced data management capabilities. We’ll ship migration tools that enable you to optionally take SQL CE databases and easily upgrade them to use SQL Server Express, SQL Server, or SQL Azure.  You will not need to change your code when upgrading a SQL CE database to SQL Server or SQL Azure.  Our goal is to enable you to be able to simply change the database connection string in your web.config file and have your application just work. New Tooling Support for SQL CE in VS 2010 SP1 VS 2010 SP1 includes much improved tooling support for SQL CE, and adds support for using SQL CE within ASP.NET projects for the first time.  With VS 2010 SP1 you can now: Create new SQL CE Databases Edit and Modify SQL CE Database Schema and Indexes Populate SQL CE Databases within Data Use the Entity Framework (EF) designer to create model layers against SQL CE databases Use EF Code First to define model layers in code, then create a SQL CE database from them, and optionally edit the DB with VS Deploy SQL CE databases to remote servers using Web Deploy and optionally convert them to full SQL Server databases You can take advantage of all of the above features from within both ASP.NET Web Forms and ASP.NET MVC based projects. Download You can enable SQL CE tooling support within VS 2010 by first installing VS 2010 SP1 (beta). Once SP1 is installed, you’ll also then need to install the SQL CE Tools for Visual Studio download.  This is a separate download that enables the SQL CE tooling support for VS 2010 SP1. Walkthrough of Two Scenarios In this blog post I’m going to walkthrough how you can take advantage of SQL CE and VS 2010 SP1 using both an ASP.NET Web Forms and an ASP.NET MVC based application. Specifically, we’ll walkthrough: How to create a SQL CE database using VS 2010 SP1, then use the EF4 visual designers in Visual Studio to construct a model layer from it, and then display and edit the data using an ASP.NET GridView control. How to use an EF Code First approach to define a model layer using POCO classes and then have EF Code-First “auto-create” a SQL CE database for us based on our model classes.  We’ll then look at how we can use the new VS 2010 SP1 support for SQL CE to inspect the database that was created, populate it with data, and later make schema changes to it.  We’ll do all this within the context of an ASP.NET MVC based application. You can follow the two walkthroughs below on your own machine by installing VS 2010 SP1 (beta) and then installing the SQL CE Tools for Visual Studio download (which is a separate download that enables SQL CE tooling support for VS 2010 SP1). Walkthrough 1: Create a SQL CE Database, Create EF Model Classes, Edit the Data with a GridView This first walkthrough will demonstrate how to create and define a SQL CE database within an ASP.NET Web Form application.  We’ll then build an EF model layer for it and use that model layer to enable data editing scenarios with an <asp:GridView> control. Step 1: Create a new ASP.NET Web Forms Project We’ll begin by using the File->New Project menu command within Visual Studio to create a new ASP.NET Web Forms project.  We’ll use the “ASP.NET Web Application” project template option so that it has a default UI skin implemented: Step 2: Create a SQL CE Database Right click on the “App_Data” folder within the created project and choose the “Add->New Item” menu command: This will bring up the “Add Item” dialog box.  Select the “SQL Server Compact 4.0 Local Database” item (new in VS 2010 SP1) and name the database file to create “Store.sdf”: Note that SQL CE database files have a .sdf filename extension. Place them within the /App_Data folder of your ASP.NET application to enable easy deployment. When we clicked the “Add” button above a Store.sdf file was added to our project: Step 3: Adding a “Products” Table Double-clicking the “Store.sdf” database file will open it up within the Server Explorer tab.  Since it is a new database there are no tables within it: Right click on the “Tables” icon and choose the “Create Table” menu command to create a new database table.  We’ll name the new table “Products” and add 4 columns to it.  We’ll mark the first column as a primary key (and make it an identify column so that its value will automatically increment with each new row): When we click “ok” our new Products table will be created in the SQL CE database. Step 4: Populate with Data Once our Products table is created it will show up within the Server Explorer.  We can right-click it and choose the “Show Table Data” menu command to edit its data: Let’s add a few sample rows of data to it: Step 5: Create an EF Model Layer We have a SQL CE database with some data in it – let’s now create an EF Model Layer that will provide a way for us to easily query and update data within it. Let’s right-click on our project and choose the “Add->New Item” menu command.  This will bring up the “Add New Item” dialog – select the “ADO.NET Entity Data Model” item within it and name it “Store.edmx” This will add a new Store.edmx item to our solution explorer and launch a wizard that allows us to quickly create an EF model: Select the “Generate From Database” option above and click next.  Choose to use the Store.sdf SQL CE database we just created and then click next again.  The wizard will then ask you what database objects you want to import into your model.  Let’s choose to import the “Products” table we created earlier: When we click the “Finish” button Visual Studio will open up the EF designer.  It will have a Product entity already on it that maps to the “Products” table within our SQL CE database: The VS 2010 SP1 EF designer works exactly the same with SQL CE as it does already with SQL Server and SQL Express.  The Product entity above will be persisted as a class (called “Product”) that we can programmatically work against within our ASP.NET application. Step 6: Compile the Project Before using your model layer you’ll need to build your project.  Do a Ctrl+Shift+B to compile the project, or use the Build->Build Solution menu command. Step 7: Create a Page that Uses our EF Model Layer Let’s now create a simple ASP.NET Web Form that contains a GridView control that we can use to display and edit the our Products data (via the EF Model Layer we just created). Right-click on the project and choose the Add->New Item command.  Select the “Web Form from Master Page” item template, and name the page you create “Products.aspx”.  Base the master page on the “Site.Master” template that is in the root of the project. Add an <h2>Products</h2> heading the new Page, and add an <asp:gridview> control within it: Then click the “Design” tab to switch into design-view. Select the GridView control, and then click the top-right corner to display the GridView’s “Smart Tasks” UI: Choose the “New data source…” drop down option above.  This will bring up the below dialog which allows you to pick your Data Source type: Select the “Entity” data source option – which will allow us to easily connect our GridView to the EF model layer we created earlier.  This will bring up another dialog that allows us to pick our model layer: Select the “StoreEntities” option in the dropdown – which is the EF model layer we created earlier.  Then click next – which will allow us to pick which entity within it we want to bind to: Select the “Products” entity in the above dialog – which indicates that we want to bind against the “Product” entity class we defined earlier.  Then click the “Enable automatic updates” checkbox to ensure that we can both query and update Products.  When you click “Finish” VS will wire-up an <asp:EntityDataSource> to your <asp:GridView> control: The last two steps we’ll do will be to click the “Enable Editing” checkbox on the Grid (which will cause the Grid to display an “Edit” link on each row) and (optionally) use the Auto Format dialog to pick a UI template for the Grid. Step 8: Run the Application Let’s now run our application and browse to the /Products.aspx page that contains our GridView.  When we do so we’ll see a Grid UI of the Products within our SQL CE database. Clicking the “Edit” link for any of the rows will allow us to edit their values: When we click “Update” the GridView will post back the values, persist them through our EF Model Layer, and ultimately save them within our SQL CE database. Learn More about using EF with ASP.NET Web Forms Read this tutorial series on the http://asp.net site to learn more about how to use EF with ASP.NET Web Forms.  The tutorial series uses SQL Express as the database – but the nice thing is that all of the same steps/concepts can also now also be done with SQL CE.   Walkthrough 2: Using EF Code-First with SQL CE and ASP.NET MVC 3 We used a database-first approach with the sample above – where we first created the database, and then used the EF designer to create model classes from the database.  In addition to supporting a designer-based development workflow, EF also enables a more code-centric option which we call “code first development”.  Code-First Development enables a pretty sweet development workflow.  It enables you to: Define your model objects by simply writing “plain old classes” with no base classes or visual designer required Use a “convention over configuration” approach that enables database persistence without explicitly configuring anything Optionally override the convention-based persistence and use a fluent code API to fully customize the persistence mapping Optionally auto-create a database based on the model classes you define – allowing you to start from code first I’ve done several blog posts about EF Code First in the past – I really think it is great.  The good news is that it also works very well with SQL CE. The combination of SQL CE, EF Code First, and the new VS tooling support for SQL CE, enables a pretty nice workflow.  Below is a simple example of how you can use them to build a simple ASP.NET MVC 3 application. Step 1: Create a new ASP.NET MVC 3 Project We’ll begin by using the File->New Project menu command within Visual Studio to create a new ASP.NET MVC 3 project.  We’ll use the “Internet Project” template so that it has a default UI skin implemented: Step 2: Use NuGet to Install EFCodeFirst Next we’ll use the NuGet package manager (automatically installed by ASP.NET MVC 3) to add the EFCodeFirst library to our project.  We’ll use the Package Manager command shell to do this.  Bring up the package manager console within Visual Studio by selecting the View->Other Windows->Package Manager Console menu command.  Then type: install-package EFCodeFirst within the package manager console to download the EFCodeFirst library and have it be added to our project: When we enter the above command, the EFCodeFirst library will be downloaded and added to our application: Step 3: Build Some Model Classes Using a “code first” based development workflow, we will create our model classes first (even before we have a database).  We create these model classes by writing code. For this sample, we will right click on the “Models” folder of our project and add the below three classes to our project: The “Dinner” and “RSVP” model classes above are “plain old CLR objects” (aka POCO).  They do not need to derive from any base classes or implement any interfaces, and the properties they expose are standard .NET data-types.  No data persistence attributes or data code has been added to them.   The “NerdDinners” class derives from the DbContext class (which is supplied by EFCodeFirst) and handles the retrieval/persistence of our Dinner and RSVP instances from a database. Step 4: Listing Dinners We’ve written all of the code necessary to implement our model layer for this simple project.  Let’s now expose and implement the URL: /Dinners/Upcoming within our project.  We’ll use it to list upcoming dinners that happen in the future. We’ll do this by right-clicking on our “Controllers” folder and select the “Add->Controller” menu command.  We’ll name the Controller we want to create “DinnersController”.  We’ll then implement an “Upcoming” action method within it that lists upcoming dinners using our model layer above.  We will use a LINQ query to retrieve the data and pass it to a View to render with the code below: We’ll then right-click within our Upcoming method and choose the “Add-View” menu command to create an “Upcoming” view template that displays our dinners.  We’ll use the “empty” template option within the “Add View” dialog and write the below view template using Razor: Step 4: Configure our Project to use a SQL CE Database We have finished writing all of our code – our last step will be to configure a database connection-string to use. We will point our NerdDinners model class to a SQL CE database by adding the below <connectionString> to the web.config file at the top of our project: EF Code First uses a default convention where context classes will look for a connection-string that matches the DbContext class name.  Because we created a “NerdDinners” class earlier, we’ve also named our connectionstring “NerdDinners”.  Above we are configuring our connection-string to use SQL CE as the database, and telling it that our SQL CE database file will live within the \App_Data directory of our ASP.NET project. Step 5: Running our Application Now that we’ve built our application, let’s run it! We’ll browse to the /Dinners/Upcoming URL – doing so will display an empty list of upcoming dinners: You might ask – but where did it query to get the dinners from? We didn’t explicitly create a database?!? One of the cool features that EF Code-First supports is the ability to automatically create a database (based on the schema of our model classes) when the database we point it at doesn’t exist.  Above we configured  EF Code-First to point at a SQL CE database in the \App_Data\ directory of our project.  When we ran our application, EF Code-First saw that the SQL CE database didn’t exist and automatically created it for us. Step 6: Using VS 2010 SP1 to Explore our newly created SQL CE Database Click the “Show all Files” icon within the Solution Explorer and you’ll see the “NerdDinners.sdf” SQL CE database file that was automatically created for us by EF code-first within the \App_Data\ folder: We can optionally right-click on the file and “Include in Project" to add it to our solution: We can also double-click the file (regardless of whether it is added to the project) and VS 2010 SP1 will open it as a database we can edit within the “Server Explorer” tab of the IDE. Below is the view we get when we double-click our NerdDinners.sdf SQL CE file.  We can drill in to see the schema of the Dinners and RSVPs tables in the tree explorer.  Notice how two tables - Dinners and RSVPs – were automatically created for us within our SQL CE database.  This was done by EF Code First when we accessed the NerdDinners class by running our application above: We can right-click on a Table and use the “Show Table Data” command to enter some upcoming dinners in our database: We’ll use the built-in editor that VS 2010 SP1 supports to populate our table data below: And now when we hit “refresh” on the /Dinners/Upcoming URL within our browser we’ll see some upcoming dinners show up: Step 7: Changing our Model and Database Schema Let’s now modify the schema of our model layer and database, and walkthrough one way that the new VS 2010 SP1 Tooling support for SQL CE can make this easier.  With EF Code-First you typically start making database changes by modifying the model classes.  For example, let’s add an additional string property called “UrlLink” to our “Dinner” class.  We’ll use this to point to a link for more information about the event: Now when we re-run our project, and visit the /Dinners/Upcoming URL we’ll see an error thrown: We are seeing this error because EF Code-First automatically created our database, and by default when it does this it adds a table that helps tracks whether the schema of our database is in sync with our model classes.  EF Code-First helpfully throws an error when they become out of sync – making it easier to track down issues at development time that you might otherwise only find (via obscure errors) at runtime.  Note that if you do not want this feature you can turn it off by changing the default conventions of your DbContext class (in this case our NerdDinners class) to not track the schema version. Our model classes and database schema are out of sync in the above example – so how do we fix this?  There are two approaches you can use today: Delete the database and have EF Code First automatically re-create the database based on the new model class schema (losing the data within the existing DB) Modify the schema of the existing database to make it in sync with the model classes (keeping/migrating the data within the existing DB) There are a couple of ways you can do the second approach above.  Below I’m going to show how you can take advantage of the new VS 2010 SP1 Tooling support for SQL CE to use a database schema tool to modify our database structure.  We are also going to be supporting a “migrations” feature with EF in the future that will allow you to automate/script database schema migrations programmatically. Step 8: Modify our SQL CE Database Schema using VS 2010 SP1 The new SQL CE Tooling support within VS 2010 SP1 makes it easy to modify the schema of our existing SQL CE database.  To do this we’ll right-click on our “Dinners” table and choose the “Edit Table Schema” command: This will bring up the below “Edit Table” dialog.  We can rename, change or delete any of the existing columns in our table, or click at the bottom of the column listing and type to add a new column.  Below I’ve added a new “UrlLink” column of type “nvarchar” (since our property is a string): When we click ok our database will be updated to have the new column and our schema will now match our model classes. Because we are manually modifying our database schema, there is one additional step we need to take to let EF Code-First know that the database schema is in sync with our model classes.  As i mentioned earlier, when a database is automatically created by EF Code-First it adds a “EdmMetadata” table to the database to track schema versions (and hash our model classes against them to detect mismatches between our model classes and the database schema): Since we are manually updating and maintaining our database schema, we don’t need this table – and can just delete it: This will leave us with just the two tables that correspond to our model classes: And now when we re-run our /Dinners/Upcoming URL it will display the dinners correctly: One last touch we could do would be to update our view to check for the new UrlLink property and render a <a> link to it if an event has one: And now when we refresh our /Dinners/Upcoming we will see hyperlinks for the events that have a UrlLink stored in the database: Summary SQL CE provides a free, embedded, database engine that you can use to easily enable database storage.  With SQL CE 4 you can now take advantage of it within ASP.NET projects and applications (both Web Forms and MVC). VS 2010 SP1 provides tooling support that enables you to easily create, edit and modify SQL CE databases – as well as use the standard EF designer against them.  This allows you to re-use your existing skills and data knowledge while taking advantage of an embedded database option.  This is useful both for small applications (where you don’t need the scalability of a full SQL Server), as well as for development and testing scenarios – where you want to be able to rapidly develop/test your application without having a full database instance.  SQL CE makes it easy to later migrate your data to a full SQL Server or SQL Azure instance if you want to – without having to change any code in your application.  All we would need to change in the above two scenarios is the <connectionString> value within the web.config file in order to have our code run against a full SQL Server.  This provides the flexibility to scale up your application starting from a small embedded database solution as needed. Hope this helps, Scott P.S. In addition to blogging, I am also now using Twitter for quick updates and to share links. Follow me at: twitter.com/scottgu

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• Top things web developers should know about the Visual Studio 2013 release

  - by Jon Galloway

  ASP.NET and Web Tools for Visual Studio 2013 Release NotesASP.NET and Web Tools for Visual Studio 2013 Release NotesSummary for lazy readers: Visual Studio 2013 is now available for download on the Visual Studio site and on MSDN subscriber downloads) Visual Studio 2013 installs side by side with Visual Studio 2012 and supports round-tripping between Visual Studio versions, so you can try it out without committing to a switch Visual Studio 2013 ships with the new version of ASP.NET, which includes ASP.NET MVC 5, ASP.NET Web API 2, Razor 3, Entity Framework 6 and SignalR 2.0 The new releases ASP.NET focuses on One ASP.NET, so core features and web tools work the same across the platform (e.g. adding ASP.NET MVC controllers to a Web Forms application) New core features include new templates based on Bootstrap, a new scaffolding system, and a new identity system Visual Studio 2013 is an incredible editor for web files, including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Markdown, LESS, Coffeescript, Handlebars, Angular, Ember, Knockdown, etc. Top links: Visual Studio 2013 content on the ASP.NET site are in the standard new releases area: http://www.asp.net/vnext ASP.NET and Web Tools for Visual Studio 2013 Release Notes Short intro videos on the new Visual Studio web editor features from Scott Hanselman and Mads Kristensen Announcing release of ASP.NET and Web Tools for Visual Studio 2013 post on the official .NET Web Development and Tools Blog Scott Guthrie's post: Announcing the Release of Visual Studio 2013 and Great Improvements to ASP.NET and Entity Framework Okay, for those of you who are still with me, let's dig in a bit. Quick web dev notes on downloading and installing Visual Studio 2013 I found Visual Studio 2013 to be a pretty fast install. According to Brian Harry's release post, installing over pre-release versions of Visual Studio is supported.  I've installed the release version over pre-release versions, and it worked fine. If you're only going to be doing web development, you can speed up the install if you just select Web Developer tools. Of course, as a good Microsoft employee, I'll mention that you might also want to install some of those other features, like the Store apps for Windows 8 and the Windows Phone 8.0 SDK, but they do download and install a lot of other stuff (e.g. the Windows Phone SDK sets up Hyper-V and downloads several GB's of VM's). So if you're planning just to do web development for now, you can pick just the Web Developer Tools and install the other stuff later. If you've got a fast internet connection, I recommend using the web installer instead of downloading the ISO. The ISO includes all the features, whereas the web installer just downloads what you're installing. Visual Studio 2013 development settings and color theme When you start up Visual Studio, it'll prompt you to pick some defaults. These are totally up to you -whatever suits your development style - and you can change them later. As I said, these are completely up to you. I recommend either the Web Development or Web Development (Code Only) settings. The only real difference is that Code Only hides the toolbars, and you can switch between them using Tools / Import and Export Settings / Reset. Web Development settings Web Development (code only) settings Usually I've just gone with Web Development (code only) in the past because I just want to focus on the code, although the Standard toolbar does make it easier to switch default web browsers. More on that later. Color theme Sigh. Okay, everyone's got their favorite colors. I alternate between Light and Dark depending on my mood, and I personally like how the low contrast on the window chrome in those themes puts the emphasis on my code rather than the tabs and toolbars. I know some people got pretty worked up over that, though, and wanted the blue theme back. I personally don't like it - it reminds me of ancient versions of Visual Studio that I don't want to think about anymore. So here's the thing: if you install Visual Studio Ultimate, it defaults to Blue. The other versions default to Light. If you use Blue, I won't criticize you - out loud, that is. You can change themes really easily - either Tools / Options / Environment / General, or the smart way: ctrl+q for quick launch, then type Theme and hit enter. Signing in During the first run, you'll be prompted to sign in. You don't have to - you can click the "Not now, maybe later" link at the bottom of that dialog. I recommend signing in, though. It's not hooked in with licensing or tracking the kind of code you write to sell you components. It is doing good things, like  syncing your Visual Studio settings between computers. More about that here. So, you don't have to, but I sure do. Overview of shiny new things in ASP.NET land There are a lot of good new things in ASP.NET. I'll list some of my favorite here, but you can read more on the ASP.NET site. One ASP.NET You've heard us talk about this for a while. The idea is that options are good, but choice can be a burden. When you start a new ASP.NET project, why should you have to make a tough decision - with long-term consequences - about how your application will work? If you want to use ASP.NET Web Forms, but have the option of adding in ASP.NET MVC later, why should that be hard? It's all ASP.NET, right? Ideally, you'd just decide that you want to use ASP.NET to build sites and services, and you could use the appropriate tools (the green blocks below) as you needed them. So, here it is. When you create a new ASP.NET application, you just create an ASP.NET application. Next, you can pick from some templates to get you started... but these are different. They're not "painful decision" templates, they're just some starting pieces. And, most importantly, you can mix and match. I can pick a "mostly" Web Forms template, but include MVC and Web API folders and core references. If you've tried to mix and match in the past, you're probably aware that it was possible, but not pleasant. ASP.NET MVC project files contained special project type GUIDs, so you'd only get controller scaffolding support in a Web Forms project if you manually edited the csproj file. Features in one stack didn't work in others. Project templates were painful choices. That's no longer the case. Hooray! I just did a demo in a presentation last week where I created a new Web Forms + MVC + Web API site, built a model, scaffolded MVC and Web API controllers with EF Code First, add data in the MVC view, viewed it in Web API, then added a GridView to the Web Forms Default.aspx page and bound it to the Model. In about 5 minutes. Sure, it's a simple example, but it's great to be able to share code and features across the whole ASP.NET family. Authentication In the past, authentication was built into the templates. So, for instance, there was an ASP.NET MVC 4 Intranet Project template which created a new ASP.NET MVC 4 application that was preconfigured for Windows Authentication. All of that authentication stuff was built into each template, so they varied between the stacks, and you couldn't reuse them. You didn't see a lot of changes to the authentication options, since they required big changes to a bunch of project templates. Now, the new project dialog includes a common authentication experience. When you hit the Change Authentication button, you get some common options that work the same way regardless of the template or reference settings you've made. These options work on all ASP.NET frameworks, and all hosting environments (IIS, IIS Express, or OWIN for self-host) The default is Individual User Accounts: This is the standard "create a local account, using username / password or OAuth" thing; however, it's all built on the new Identity system. More on that in a second. The one setting that has some configuration to it is Organizational Accounts, which lets you configure authentication using Active Directory, Windows Azure Active Directory, or Office 365. Identity There's a new identity system. We've taken the best parts of the previous ASP.NET Membership and Simple Identity systems, rolled in a lot of feedback and made big enhancements to support important developer concerns like unit testing and extensiblity. I've written long posts about ASP.NET identity, and I'll do it again. Soon. This is not that post. The short version is that I think we've finally got just the right Identity system. Some of my favorite features: There are simple, sensible defaults that work well - you can File / New / Run / Register / Login, and everything works. It supports standard username / password as well as external authentication (OAuth, etc.). It's easy to customize without having to re-implement an entire provider. It's built using pluggable pieces, rather than one large monolithic system. It's built using interfaces like IUser and IRole that allow for unit testing, dependency injection, etc. You can easily add user profile data (e.g. URL, twitter handle, birthday). You just add properties to your ApplicationUser model and they'll automatically be persisted. Complete control over how the identity data is persisted. By default, everything works with Entity Framework Code First, but it's built to support changes from small (modify the schema) to big (use another ORM, store your data in a document database or in the cloud or in XML or in the EXIF data of your desktop background or whatever). It's configured via OWIN. More on OWIN and Katana later, but the fact that it's built using OWIN means it's portable. You can find out more in the Authentication and Identity section of the ASP.NET site (and lots more content will be going up there soon). New Bootstrap based project templates The new project templates are built using Bootstrap 3. Bootstrap (formerly Twitter Bootstrap) is a front-end framework that brings a lot of nice benefits: It's responsive, so your projects will automatically scale to device width using CSS media queries. For example, menus are full size on a desktop browser, but on narrower screens you automatically get a mobile-friendly menu. The built-in Bootstrap styles make your standard page elements (headers, footers, buttons, form inputs, tables etc.) look nice and modern. Bootstrap is themeable, so you can reskin your whole site by dropping in a new Bootstrap theme. Since Bootstrap is pretty popular across the web development community, this gives you a large and rapidly growing variety of templates (free and paid) to choose from. Bootstrap also includes a lot of very useful things: components (like progress bars and badges), useful glyphicons, and some jQuery plugins for tooltips, dropdowns, carousels, etc.). Here's a look at how the responsive part works. When the page is full screen, the menu and header are optimized for a wide screen display: When I shrink the page down (this is all based on page width, not useragent sniffing) the menu turns into a nice mobile-friendly dropdown: For a quick example, I grabbed a new free theme off bootswatch.com. For simple themes, you just need to download the boostrap.css file and replace the /content/bootstrap.css file in your project. Now when I refresh the page, I've got a new theme: Scaffolding The big change in scaffolding is that it's one system that works across ASP.NET. You can create a new Empty Web project or Web Forms project and you'll get the Scaffold context menus. For release, we've got MVC 5 and Web API 2 controllers. We had a preview of Web Forms scaffolding in the preview releases, but they weren't fully baked for RTM. Look for them in a future update, expected pretty soon. This scaffolding system wasn't just changed to work across the ASP.NET frameworks, it's also built to enable future extensibility. That's not in this release, but should also hopefully be out soon. Project Readme page This is a small thing, but I really like it. When you create a new project, you get a Project_Readme.html page that's added to the root of your project and opens in the Visual Studio built-in browser. I love it. A long time ago, when you created a new project we just dumped it on you and left you scratching your head about what to do next. Not ideal. Then we started adding a bunch of Getting Started information to the new project templates. That told you what to do next, but you had to delete all of that stuff out of your website. It doesn't belong there. Not ideal. This is a simple HTML file that's not integrated into your project code at all. You can delete it if you want. But, it shows a lot of helpful links that are current for the project you just created. In the future, if we add new wacky project types, they can create readme docs with specific information on how to do appropriately wacky things. Side note: I really like that they used the internal browser in Visual Studio to show this content rather than popping open an HTML page in the default browser. I hate that. It's annoying. If you're doing that, I hope you'll stop. What if some unnamed person has 40 or 90 tabs saved in their browser session? When you pop open your "Thanks for installing my Visual Studio extension!" page, all eleventy billion tabs start up and I wish I'd never installed your thing. Be like these guys and pop stuff Visual Studio specific HTML docs in the Visual Studio browser. ASP.NET MVC 5 The biggest change with ASP.NET MVC 5 is that it's no longer a separate project type. It integrates well with the rest of ASP.NET. In addition to that and the other common features we've already looked at (Bootstrap templates, Identity, authentication), here's what's new for ASP.NET MVC. Attribute routing ASP.NET MVC now supports attribute routing, thanks to a contribution by Tim McCall, the author of http://attributerouting.net. With attribute routing you can specify your routes by annotating your actions and controllers. This supports some pretty complex, customized routing scenarios, and it allows you to keep your route information right with your controller actions if you'd like. Here's a controller that includes an action whose method name is Hiding, but I've used AttributeRouting to configure it to /spaghetti/with-nesting/where-is-waldo public class SampleController : Controller { [Route("spaghetti/with-nesting/where-is-waldo")] public string Hiding() { return "You found me!"; } } I enable that in my RouteConfig.cs, and I can use that in conjunction with my other MVC routes like this: public class RouteConfig { public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes) { routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}"); routes.MapMvcAttributeRoutes(); routes.MapRoute( name: "Default", url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}", defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional } ); } } You can read more about Attribute Routing in ASP.NET MVC 5 here. Filter enhancements There are two new additions to filters: Authentication Filters and Filter Overrides. Authentication filters are a new kind of filter in ASP.NET MVC that run prior to authorization filters in the ASP.NET MVC pipeline and allow you to specify authentication logic per-action, per-controller, or globally for all controllers. Authentication filters process credentials in the request and provide a corresponding principal. Authentication filters can also add authentication challenges in response to unauthorized requests. Override filters let you change which filters apply to a given action method or controller. Override filters specify a set of filter types that should not be run for a given scope (action or controller). This allows you to configure filters that apply globally but then exclude certain global filters from applying to specific actions or controllers. ASP.NET Web API 2 ASP.NET Web API 2 includes a lot of new features. Attribute Routing ASP.NET Web API supports the same attribute routing system that's in ASP.NET MVC 5. You can read more about the Attribute Routing features in Web API in this article. OAuth 2.0 ASP.NET Web API picks up OAuth 2.0 support, using security middleware running on OWIN (discussed below). This is great for features like authenticated Single Page Applications. OData Improvements ASP.NET Web API now has full OData support. That required adding in some of the most powerful operators: $select, $expand, $batch and $value. You can read more about OData operator support in this article by Mike Wasson. Lots more There's a huge list of other features, including CORS (cross-origin request sharing), IHttpActionResult, IHttpRequestContext, and more. I think the best overview is in the release notes. OWIN and Katana I've written about OWIN and Katana recently. I'm a big fan. OWIN is the Open Web Interfaces for .NET. It's a spec, like HTML or HTTP, so you can't install OWIN. The benefit of OWIN is that it's a community specification, so anyone who implements it can plug into the ASP.NET stack, either as middleware or as a host. Katana is the Microsoft implementation of OWIN. It leverages OWIN to wire up things like authentication, handlers, modules, IIS hosting, etc., so ASP.NET can host OWIN components and Katana components can run in someone else's OWIN implementation. Howard Dierking just wrote a cool article in MSDN magazine describing Katana in depth: Getting Started with the Katana Project. He had an interesting example showing an OWIN based pipeline which leveraged SignalR, ASP.NET Web API and NancyFx components in the same stack. If this kind of thing makes sense to you, that's great. If it doesn't, don't worry, but keep an eye on it. You're going to see some cool things happen as a result of ASP.NET becoming more and more pluggable. Visual Studio Web Tools Okay, this stuff's just crazy. Visual Studio has been adding some nice web dev features over the past few years, but they've really cranked it up for this release. Visual Studio is by far my favorite code editor for all web files: CSS, HTML, JavaScript, and lots of popular libraries. Stop thinking of Visual Studio as a big editor that you only use to write back-end code. Stop editing HTML and CSS in Notepad (or Sublime, Notepad++, etc.). Visual Studio starts up in under 2 seconds on a modern computer with an SSD. Misspelling HTML attributes or your CSS classes or jQuery or Angular syntax is stupid. It doesn't make you a better developer, it makes you a silly person who wastes time. Browser Link Browser Link is a real-time, two-way connection between Visual Studio and all connected browsers. It's only attached when you're running locally, in debug, but it applies to any and all connected browser, including emulators. You may have seen demos that showed the browsers refreshing based on changes in the editor, and I'll agree that's pretty cool. But it's really just the start. It's a two-way connection, and it's built for extensiblity. That means you can write extensions that push information from your running application (in IE, Chrome, a mobile emulator, etc.) back to Visual Studio. Mads and team have showed off some demonstrations where they enabled edit mode in the browser which updated the source HTML back on the browser. It's also possible to look at how the rendered HTML performs, check for compatibility issues, watch for unused CSS classes, the sky's the limit. New HTML editor The previous HTML editor had a lot of old code that didn't allow for improvements. The team rewrote the HTML editor to take advantage of the new(ish) extensibility features in Visual Studio, which then allowed them to add in all kinds of features - things like CSS Class and ID IntelliSense (so you type style="" and get a list of classes and ID's for your project), smart indent based on how your document is formatted, JavaScript reference auto-sync, etc. Here's a 3 minute tour from Mads Kristensen. The previous HTML editor had a lot of old code that didn't allow for improvements. The team rewrote the HTML editor to take advantage of the new(ish) extensibility features in Visual Studio, which then allowed them to add in all kinds of features - things like CSS Class and ID IntelliSense (so you type style="" and get a list of classes and ID's for your project), smart indent based on how your document is formatted, JavaScript reference auto-sync, etc. Lots more Visual Studio web dev features That's just a sampling - there's a ton of great features for JavaScript editing, CSS editing, publishing, and Page Inspector (which shows real-time rendering of your page inside Visual Studio). Here are some more short videos showing those features. Lots, lots more Okay, that's just a summary, and it's still quite a bit. Head on over to http://asp.net/vnext for more information, and download Visual Studio 2013 now to get started!

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