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• Changed array composition, mdadm --detail still shows the old array size

  - by Prody

  I have a machine with 8 disks. I installed it with my hoster's install automation (it's OVH, I don't have physical access to it). The machine installed correctly, but it made an array that I wanted to change. It created a raid5 array across 5/8 disks and I've changed it to raid10 across 8 disks. I've done this by first --stopping the old array and then --creating the new array. It warned me that a previous array was there, but I chose to continue. So it created the array, spent 10ish hours syncing it and now that it's ready I get this strange behavior: When I fdisk p on it, I see the correct size. But when I mdadm --detail it I see the old array's size even tho I get the new composition and level. When I try to pvcreate on it, i get the old size again for some reason. Did I have to do something else? Did I miss something?

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• Ubuntu server loses network connection after ADSL2+ modem reset

  - by squashbuff

  I am using an ubuntu 10.04 server (running on a Lenovo Thinkpad notebook) as my webserver. It is performing well in terms of handling the traffic etc. However my internet connection is ADSL2+ (using Thomson TG782T modem-router) and if the modem is reset, then my server loses network connection. The networkmanager icon shows a red exclamation mark showing that is has no connection. But as soon as I click on it and tell it to connect to eth0, the connection is back on. It must be something that networkmanager is failing to do and because of this, the reliability of my webserver is suffering. Any advice on how this can be fixed?

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• Hardware needed for receiving and recording videocalls in Asterisk

  - by jneves

  I'm planning an Asterisk configuration that should record videocalls and then feed it to an application. From what I've researched, it seems like app_h234m is the way to go (http://www.voip-info.org/wiki/view/Asterisk+app_h324m+compatibility). But it's not clear to me what are the hardware requirements for this. Can someone enlighten me?

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• Virtualbox - routing subnet to bridge adapters

  - by user42384

  Hello, I have set up a Debian Lenny box with 3 vbox Lenny machines running eth0 of the host in bridged mode (on virtualbox 3.1.6). When testing in my local LAN, this all worked perfectly well and traffic flowed to and from the IPs of the virtual machines as it should. However, now that it's in its co-lo home, the networking setup is a bit different, and I'm unable to get traffic to flow to the vboxes properly. Specifically, the host has its own Primary IP, and I have a separate subnet of 8 (6 usable) IPs routed to the box for use by the vboxes. So, eth0 on host is: Machine IP: 2x.x.x.137 Gateway IP: 2x.x.x.138 Subnet Msk: 255.255.255.252 Subnet for vboxes is Subnet: 2x.x.x.240/29 Netmask: 255.255.255.248 vbox1 is configured to 2x.x.x.241 on eth0 as follows: auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 2x.x.x.241 netmask 255.255.255.248 Setting up a virtual interface (eth0:0) on the host with one of these subnet IPs allows me to ping to that address only from vbox1, and it allows me to ping vbox1 from the host. I can also ping that virtual interface perfectly well from outside, so the IPs are definitely landing at my machine. It seems I'm missing some sort of routing instruction either on the host or vbox1 to get traffic moving between the subnet and the default gateway, but I can't seem to figure out what it should be, or what glaringly obvious thing i'm missing. Most of my obvious attempts (the gw of eth0, the ip of eth0) were rejected by route command with SIOCADDRT: No such device (eg - i can't find it). I tried setting vbox1 to bridge on eth0:0, but this was not an acceptable device name and VBoxHeadless refused to start. The physical machine does have an unused physical NIC at eth1 that can be used if necessary for something or other. Host machine is running iptables configured by ferm, have experimented with it allowing forwarding for that subnet, but I wouldn't have thought this was necessary given the nature of the virtualbox devices (nor did it actually work). Clearing out all of these rules for a blank iptables set does not resolve the issue. (you can see ferm generated iptables at http://codedumper.com/ojaze) Thanks for any help you can give... Patrick

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• Mount "Macrium Reflect" on a partition, boot from there?

  - by b e

  Can Macrium's Reflect recovery CD be mounted/used with GRUB ? If the cd can be 'put' (loaded/mounted/...) in a partition, then the only disc needed would be the actual recovery disc, which could be on an external hard drive, or even on the same machine in another partition, thus allowing on to recover using only what's on the machine itself. I have WXPpro and Xubuntu8.04 double mounted, really happy with them together, use each right now to fix problems with the other when they come up. Also have a partition for the Reflect CD, but I just can't get it to load from Grub, which would be great... Thanks for any thoughts, probably someone has already done this I know !

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• Mounting /var /tmp /var/log to separate partition

  - by William MacDonald

  Per DISA hardening requirements for RHEL, I'm supposed to make sure a number of locations on the filesystem are mounted on separate partitions. A few of the locations they specify include /var /tpm /var/log etc. Is it possible to go about doing this on a live machine (without booting a separate OS)? And how would I go about doing that. I've backed up the OS so if I do screw something up I can recover. Thanks!

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• Recommendations for a PDF viewer with "web browser"-like navigation.

  - by Tshepang

  Am looking for a PDF reader that can navigate PDF files like a web browser (IE, when I click a link that takes me to another part of the doc, I should be able to go back by pressing Ctrl+left arrow). I am using Debian.

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• Extract part of a image from a big image

  - by rajat

  I have a 6 images , and each image has a certain section that i want to save as a separate image , the problem is that it has to be accurate because i am doing some animation using the sub-image so they should exactly . so I want to accurately extract a that part from each of the 6 images , i can't do it using a image editor in which i have to make the bounding box myself because it will not be accurate , is there any program that lets me do this by like defining a box using numerical values. PS: I don't want to write matlab or opencv program for this .

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• Can't add Samba users in Ubuntu

  - by petersohn

  I am using (K)Ubuntu 10.10, and I'm trying to set up Samba shares. When I try to add a Samba user in the KDE samba configuration, exit the configuration dialog, then enter it again, I see that the user is not added. Then I tried it using the command line (running as root): smbpasswd -a peet 'peet' is my normal user name. It asks for a password, then does something on my hard drive, but I can see no password file created in /etc/samba, and neither does the date of my smb.conf file change. I also don't see the samba user when I open the samba configuration dialog.

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• Yum install packages to an alternate directory, without chroot?

  - by Stefan Lasiewski

  I would like to use the Foswiki yum repository to install Foswiki (296 packages). The default installation path is /var/lib/, but I want to install it to an alternate location at /opt/www/. In the future, I still want to use yum to check for and apply updates to the packages. Is it possible to use yum to install packages to an location which is different then the default location provided by RPMs? Does Yum provide anything similar to ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/ or rpm --install --prefix=/opt/local? Yum provides the --installroot option, but that appears to primarily for chroot environments.

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• Convert Ubuntu 10.04 into a server?

  - by letseatfood

  Hello, I have Ubuntu 10.04 Lucid Lynx Desktop version installed and am interested in running it as a server. I have already installed Apache, PHP, and MySQL. I am completely new to server administration. Would somebody please point me in a good direction to setting this up? I am sure there are numerous tutorials online, but I just can't seem to find one. Thanks!

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• How can I view results of my cron jobs?

  - by Zombies

  I see so many guides on how to run crontab, but what I need right now is to learn how to Find log files about cron jobs Configure what gets logged

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• NIC is receiving, but not transmitting at all?

  - by Shtééf

  I'm trying to fix a very strange problem remotely on a machine at a customer site. The machine is a Dell PowerEdge, I believe a 1950 (haven't verified, but the lspci output matches specs I found.) The machine has two similar NICs, identified as Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme II BCM5708 Gigabit Ethernet (rev 12) by lspci, and using the bnx2 driver. (I suspect these are on-board and on the same controller, which is what I'm accustomed to for this type of machine.) The primary interface eth0 works perfectly, and is in fact how I am ssh'd in. However, the secondary interface eth1 is not transmitting. I can see this in ifconfig output, for example, where the TX field is always 0. However, it is receiving, and tcpdump shows ARP requests coming from the ISP's gateway on the other side. The interface is physically connected to a Siemens BSTU4 modem, configured by the ISP. The link is properly set to 10MBps and full duplex, without negotation, as the ISP requested. A small /30 subnet is configured. For the sake of anonimity, let's say the machine is 3.3.3.2/30, and the ISP's gateway .1. The machine has no firewall settings whatsoever. Even running something like arping -I eth1 3.3.3.1, and running tcpdump alongside, shows no traffic whatsoever being transmitted on the interface. (But the other side keeps steadily sending ARP requests, and that is all that can be seen.) What could be causing this? Here's some output, anonymized, which may hopefully help: $ ethtool eth1 Settings for eth1: Supported ports: [ TP ] Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full 100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full 1000baseT/Full Supports auto-negotiation: Yes Advertised link modes: Not reported Advertised auto-negotiation: No Speed: 10Mb/s Duplex: Full Port: Twisted Pair PHYAD: 1 Transceiver: internal Auto-negotiation: off Supports Wake-on: d Wake-on: d Link detected: yes $ ip link show eth1 3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000 link/ether 00:15:c5:xx:xx:xx brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff $ ip -4 addr show eth1 3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000 inet 3.3.3.2/30 brd 3.3.3.3 scope global eth1 $ ip -4 route show match 3.3.3.0/30 3.3.3.0/30 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 3.3.3.2 default via 10.0.0.5 dev eth0

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• Routing table with two NIC adapters in libvirt/KVM

  - by lzap

  I created a virtual NAT network (192.168.100.0/24 network) in my libvirt and new guest with two interfaces - one in this network, one as bridged (10.34.1.0/24 network) to the local LAN. The reason for that is I need to have my own virtual network for my DHCP/TFTP/DNS testing and still want to access my guest externally from my LAN. On both networks I have working DHCP, both giving them IP addresses. When I setup NAT port forwarding (e.g. for ssh), I can connect to the eth0 (virtual network), everything is fine. But when I try to access the eth1 via bridged interface, I have no response. I guess I have problem with my routing table - outgoing packets are routed to the virtual NAT network (which has access to the machine I am connecting from - I can ping it). But I am not sure if this setup is correct. I think I need to add something to my routing table. # ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:54:00:B4:A7:5F inet addr:192.168.100.14 Bcast:192.168.100.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::5054:ff:feb4:a75f/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:16468 errors:0 dropped:27 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:6081 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:22066140 (21.0 MiB) TX bytes:483249 (471.9 KiB) Interrupt:11 Base address:0x2000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:54:00:DE:16:21 inet addr:10.34.1.111 Bcast:10.34.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::5054:ff:fede:1621/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:34 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:189 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:4911 (4.7 KiB) TX bytes:9 # route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 10.34.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1002 0 0 eth0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1003 0 0 eth1 0.0.0.0 192.168.100.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 Network I am trying to connect from is different than network the hypervisor is connected to: 10.36.0.0. But it is accessible from that network. So I tried to add new route rule: route add -net 10.36.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 dev eth1 And it is not working. I thought setting correct interface would be sufficient. What is needed to get my packets coming through?

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• some novice questions about VPS

  - by Camran

  I have ordered a VPS today, and I am still setting it up. I have some Q though: Also, I have just installed apache, php and mysql. 1- I don't understand which folder my website should be in. Is it the 'www' folder or the htdocs folder I should upload my site to? Because they are in entirely different directories. 2- How do I even upload files? FTP program? How do I install one, and which one? Thanks

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• IPtables Traffic Quota - up and down

  - by Nick

  I've been trying to set up traffic quotas for users on a shared server and i believe [with my limited knowledge] that iptables --quota and ports which have been selected for each user [--dport] is the way to do this... iptables -A OUTPUT --dport 1,2,3,4... --quota 123412341234 -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT --dport 1,2,3,4... -j DROP I think something like this would work to limit the traffic [and reset every month] but its only for traffic going out. Is there something I could do to combine -A OUTPUT and -A INPUT into one quota? Or, is there a different method I could use to achieve the same thing more efficiently? OS is debian squeeze Thanks.

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• Is CSF overkill?

  - by A4J

  My server runs just my own sites (vBulletin forums - which are always patched with security fixes) and Rails sites using the latest version) so do I really need CSF? (http://configserver.com/cp/csf.html) Or is it unnecessary for this kind of server set-up? I have already done the usual (disable SSH login, pub-key auth, very strong passwords everywhere else etc) It was often recommended by users over at the cPanel forums - but I guess most of them are hosts there.

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• mdadm - Recovering a 'split' RAID1 array

  - by Hamza

  I have two drives that used to be part of a single RAID1 volume but it appears that one of them went offline for some time, something I've noticed just now when I rebooted my system. I now seem to have two RAID volumes, as reported by: # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md126 : active raid1 sdc[1] 2096116 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [_U] md127 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sdb[0] 2096116 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_] unused devices: <none> Not exactly sure where to go from here. How can I merge and re-sync these volumes without data loss? Thanks.

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• SSH issues: Read from socket failed: Connection reset by peer

  - by nitins

  I compiled OpenSSH_6.6p1 on one of our server. I am able login via SSH to the upgraded server. But I am not able to connect to other servers running OpenSSH_6.6p1 or OpenSSH_5.8 from this. While connecting I am getting an error as below. Read from socket failed: Connection reset by peer On the destination server in the logs, I am seeing it as below. sshd: fatal: Read from socket failed: Connection reset by peer [preauth] I tried specifying the cipher_spec [ ssh -c aes128-ctr destination-server ] as mentioned in here and was able to connect. How can configure ssh to use the cipher by default? Why is the cipher required here?

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• Encrypt EC2 API call

  - by Frank

  I have to host an AMI in the Amazon Marketplace. i need to get the type of instance, whenever some user launches the AMI., like if its small medium or large. based on that i need to make some changes in the AMI when its created. I can do this with Amazon API call, to get the instance type, but the problem is that the instances created with the AMI will be started by other users, and i cannot use my AWS Credentials in the Amazon API. Is there any way that i can create an anonymous readonly user to make only specific type of EC2 API Calls? Or can i encrypt my EC2 API credentials, so no one can use it?

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• Samba does not reload user group members

  - by xato

  I am running a simple samba server setup where users connect to a share which contains folders for specific user groups. The folders are chmod 2770, so only users which are in the correct group can read/write in them. The problem is that if I change group memberships (i.e. remove user from group / add user to group; changes are in sync between clients and server!) samba does not automatically reload the group memberships for the user, so they can still write to groups that they are no longer a member of etc. I either have to reconnect to the share or to restart samba to apply the changes. Is there any way to prevent group caching and/or enable group membership reload in samba? My smb.conf: https://gist.github.com/anonymous/ca7c10a3b3e2168d7a03

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• Connect through SSH and type in password automatically, without using a public key

  - by binary255

  A server allows SSH connections, but not using public key authentication. It's not within my power to change this at the moment (due to technical difficulties, not organizational) but I will get on it as soon as possible! What I need now is to execute commands on the server using plain old account+password authentication from a script. That is, I need to do it in a non-interactive way. Is it possible? And how do I do it? The client which will be executing the script runs Ubuntu Server 8.04. The server runs Cygwin and OpenSSH.

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• How to connect with MySQL server if it won't connect via the socket?

  - by cwd

  I have an account on a shared server. I have jailshell access and also PhpMyAdmin. I want to run mysql commands via SSH but I'm getting an error: $ mysql -u mySqlUser -p mySqlPw Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' I can connect with PHP and phpMyAdmin, so would it be possible to call mysql from the shell and have it connect via an ip and port instead of the socket? The file /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock does not exist - maybe that is intentional, and the only thing in /etc/my.cnf is [mysqld] skip-innodb More Info I don't have access to change system settings. I did a search in /var for mysql.sock but found nothing. However, phpMyAdmin might be connecting via a socket somehow: Really it would just be great if I could connect via IP. Also tried these two syntaxes: $ mysql -u mySqlUser -p mySqlPw -h localhost $ mysql -u mySqlUser -p mySqlPw -h localhost -P 3306 Both with the same result: ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)

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• How to force rsync to use destination directory as root

  - by thepurplepixel

  I have a simple script to one-way-sync files/folders within a directory: #!/bin/bash HOST='<hostname>' USER='<username>' DIR='/downloads/' SOURCE='/srv/torrents' rsync -e "ssh -l $USER" --remove-source-files -h -4 -r --stats --progress -i $SOURCE $HOST:$DIR find $SOURCE -type d -empty -prune -exec rmdir -p \{\} \; However, when this rsync operation runs, it creates a folder, torrents in /downloads on the destination machine. How can I force rsync to put all folders & files from /srv/torrents (remote) into /downloads/ (local) instead of creating /downloads/torrents as a separate directory?

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• dhclient append settings from multiple DHCP servers

  - by Brian

  I have a server with two interfaces connected to two separate networks, using DHCP for both. When dhclient is writing /etc/resolv.conf, I would like it to append settings that aren't already there. For instance, if I receive from one DHCP server: nameserver 10.0.0.1 search one.mydomain.com and from another: nameserver 10.1.1.254 search two.mydomain.com Then resolv.conf should look like this: search one.mydomain.com two.mydomain.com nameserver 10.0.0.1 nameserver 10.1.1.254 At the moment, it seems the last dhclient overwrites whatever was there. I know I can preconfigure settings in dhclient.conf using supercede or append, but then I have to hard-code the values. I've scoured the man page for dhclient, but it seems like dhclient prefers to work alone (i.e. not in conjunction with any other dhclients)...or am I missing something?

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