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  • How can I use UML to model a relationship between two classes, where one has functions exposed as friend to the other?

    - by user1796528
    I have a two classes: ------------ --------------- X Y ------------ --------------- relation ------------ ------------------ --------------- A() C() B() D() E() ------------ --------------- I want to inherit just these two functions from X class, where they are defined with the friend access modifier. My class will be: --------------- Y --------------- --------------- C() A() D() --------------- Y class uses some functions of X class namely A and D. How can I model this relationship in a UML class diagram?

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  • Does OO, TDD, and Refactoring to Smaller Functions affect Speed of Code?

    - by Dennis
    In Computer Science field, I have noticed a notable shift in thinking when it comes to programming. The advice as it stands now is write smaller, more testable code refactor existing code into smaller and smaller chunks of code until most of your methods/functions are just a few lines long write functions that only do one thing (which makes them smaller again) This is a change compared to the "old" or "bad" code practices where you have methods spanning 2500 lines, and big classes doing everything. My question is this: when it call comes down to machine code, to 1s and 0s, to assembly instructions, should I be at all concerned that my class-separated code with variety of small-to-tiny functions generates too much extra overhead? While I am not exactly familiar with how OO code and function calls are handled in ASM in the end, I do have some idea. I assume that each extra function call, object call, or include call (in some languages), generate an extra set of instructions, thereby increasing code's volume and adding various overhead, without adding actual "useful" code. I also imagine that good optimizations can be done to ASM before it is actually ran on the hardware, but that optimization can only do so much too. Hence, my question -- how much overhead (in space and speed) does well-separated code (split up across hundreds of files, classes, and methods) actually introduce compared to having "one big method that contains everything", due to this overhead? UPDATE for clarity: I am assuming that adding more and more functions and more and more objects and classes in a code will result in more and more parameter passing between smaller code pieces. It was said somewhere (quote TBD) that up to 70% of all code is made up of ASM's MOV instruction - loading CPU registers with proper variables, not the actual computation being done. In my case, you load up CPU's time with PUSH/POP instructions to provide linkage and parameter passing between various pieces of code. The smaller you make your pieces of code, the more overhead "linkage" is required. I am concerned that this linkage adds to software bloat and slow-down and I am wondering if I should be concerned about this, and how much, if any at all, because current and future generations of programmers who are building software for the next century, will have to live with and consume software built using these practices. UPDATE: Multiple files I am writing new code now that is slowly replacing old code. In particular I've noted that one of the old classes was a ~3000 line file (as mentioned earlier). Now it is becoming a set of 15-20 files located across various directories, including test files and not including PHP framework I am using to bind some things together. More files are coming as well. When it comes to disk I/O, loading multiple files is slower than loading one large file. Of course not all files are loaded, they are loaded as needed, and disk caching and memory caching options exist, and yet still I believe that loading multiple files takes more processing than loading a single file into memory. I am adding that to my concern.

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  • How to determine if the variable is a function in Python?

    - by bodacydo
    Since functions are values in Python, how do I determine if the variable is a function? For example: boda = len # boda is the length function now if ?is_var_function(boda)?: print "Boda is a function!" else: print "Boda is not a function!" Here hypothetical ?is_var_function(x)? should return true if x is a callable function, and false if it is not. Please advise! Thanks, Boda Cydo.

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  • Issue with my wordpress functions.php script

    - by iMayne
    Hello peeps. Im having an issues when activating my theme in wordpress. I got this error message: "Parse error: syntax error, unexpected $end in C:\xampp\htdocs\xampp\wordpress\wp-content\themes\xit\functions.php on line 223". Whats wrong, I totally dont understand. The script of the php is: <?php if ( function_exists('register_sidebar') ) register_sidebar(array( 'before_widget' => '', 'after_widget' => '', 'before_title' => '<h2>', 'after_title' => '</h2>', )); function content($num) { $theContent = get_the_content(); $output = preg_replace('/<img[^>]+./','', $theContent); $limit = $num+1; $content = explode(' ', $output, $limit); array_pop($content); $content = implode(" ",$content)."..."; echo $content; } function post_is_in_descendant_category( $cats, $_post = null ) { foreach ( (array) $cats as $cat ) { // get_term_children() accepts integer ID only $descendants = get_term_children( (int) $cat, 'category'); if ( $descendants && in_category( $descendants, $_post ) ) return true; } return false; } //custom comments function mytheme_comment($comment, $args, $depth) { $GLOBALS['comment'] = $comment; ?> <li <?php comment_class(); ?> id="li-comment-<?php comment_ID() ?>"> <div id="comment-<?php comment_ID(); ?>"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <div class="comment-meta commentmetadata"> <?php echo get_avatar($comment,$size='32',$default='http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/61a58ec1c1fba116f8424035089b7c71?s=32&d=&r=G' ); ?> <?php printf(__('%1$s at %2$s'), get_comment_date(), get_comment_time()) ?> <br /><?php printf(__('<strong>%s</strong> says:'), get_comment_author_link()) ?><?php edit_comment_link(__('(Edit)'),' ','') ?></div> </div> <?php if ($comment->comment_approved == '0') : ?> <em><?php _e('Your comment is awaiting moderation.') ?></em> <br /> <?php endif; ?> <div class="text"><?php comment_text() ?></div> <div class="reply"> <?php comment_reply_link(array_merge( $args, array('depth' => $depth, 'max_depth' => $args['max_depth']))) ?> </div> </div> <?php } add_action('admin_menu', 'xit_theme_page'); function xit_theme_page () { if ( count($_POST) > 0 && isset($_POST['xit_settings']) ) { $options = array ( 'style','logo_img','logo_alt','logo_txt', 'logo_tagline', 'tagline_width', 'contact_email','ads', 'advertise_page', 'twitter_link', 'facebook_link', 'flickr', 'about_tit', 'about_txt', 'analytics'); foreach ( $options as $opt ) { delete_option ( 'xit_'.$opt, $_POST[$opt] ); add_option ( 'xit_'.$opt, $_POST[$opt] ); } } add_theme_page(__('Xit Options'), __('Xit Options'), 'edit_themes', basename(__FILE__), 'xit_settings'); } function xit_settings () {?> <div class="wrap"> <h2>XIT Options Panel</h2> <form method="post" action=""> <table class="form-table"> <!-- General settings --> <tr> <th colspan="2"><strong>General Settings</strong></th> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <th scope="row"><label for="style">Theme Color Scheme</label></th> <td> <select name="style" id="style"> <option value="pink.css" <?php if(get_option('xit_style') == 'pink.css'){?>selected="selected"<?php }?>>pink.css</option> <option value="blue.css" <?php if(get_option('xit_style') == 'blue.css'){?>selected="selected"<?php }?>>blue.css</option> <option value="orange.css" <?php if(get_option('xit_style') == 'orange.css'){?>selected="selected"<?php }?>>orange.css</option> </select> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <th scope="row"><label for="logo_img">Logo image (full path to image)</label></th> <td> <input name="logo_img" type="text" id="logo_img" value="<?php echo get_option('xit_logo_img'); ?>" class="regular-text" /> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <th scope="row"><label for="logo_alt">Logo image ALT text</label></th> <td> <input name="logo_alt" type="text" id="logo_alt" value="<?php echo get_option('xit_logo_alt'); ?>" class="regular-text" /> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <th scope="row"><label for="logo_txt">Text logo</label></th> <td> <input name="logo_txt" type="text" id="logo_txt" value="<?php echo get_option('xit_logo_txt'); ?>" class="regular-text" /> <br /><em>Leave this empty if you entered an image as logo</em> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <th scope="row"><label for="logo_tagline">Logo Tag Line</label></th> <td> <input name="logo_tagline" type="text" id="logo_tagline" value="<?php echo get_option('xit_logo_tagline'); ?>" class="regular-text" /> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <th scope="row"><label for="tagline_width">Tag Line Box Width (px)</label><br /><em style="font-size:11px">Default width: 300px</em></th> <td> <input name="tagline_width" type="text" id="tagline_width" value="<?php echo get_option('xit_tagline_width'); ?>" class="regular-text" /> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <th scope="row"><label for="contact_email">Email Address for Contact Form</label></th> <td> <input name="contact_email" type="text" id="contact_email" value="<?php echo get_option('xit_contact_email'); ?>" class="regular-text" /> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <th scope="row"><label for="twitter_link">Twitter link</label></th> <td> <input name="twitter_link" type="text" id="twitter_link" value="<?php echo get_option('xit_twitter_link'); ?>" class="regular-text" /> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <th scope="row"><label for="facebook_link">Facebook link</label></th> <td> <input name="facebook_link" type="text" id="facebook_link" value="<?php echo get_option('xit_facebook_link'); ?>" class="regular-text" /> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <th scope="row"><label for="flickr">Flickr Photostream</label></th> <td> <select name="flickr" id="flickr"> <option value="yes" <?php if(get_option('xit_flickr') == 'yes'){?>selected="selected"<?php }?>>Yes</option> <option value="no" <?php if(get_option('xit_flickr') == 'no'){?>selected="selected"<?php }?>>No</option> </select> <br /><em>Make sure you have FlickrRSS plugin activated if you choose to enable Flickr Photostream</em> </td> </tr> <!-- Sidebar ABout Box--> <tr> <th colspan="2"><strong>Sidebar About Box</strong></th> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <th scope="row"><label for="about_tit">Title</label></th> <td> <input name="about_tit" type="text" id="about_tit" value="<?php echo get_option('xit_about_tit'); ?>" class="regular-text" /> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <th scope="row"><label for="about_txt">Text</label></th> <td> <textarea cols="60" rows="5" name="about_txt" type="text" id="about_txt" class="regular-text" /><?php echo get_option('xit_about_txt'); ?></textarea> </td> </tr> <!-- Ads Box Settings --> <tr> <th colspan="2"><strong>Ads Box Settings</strong></th> </tr> <tr> <th><label for="ads">Ads Section Enabled:</label></th> <td> <select name="ads" id="ads"> <option value="yes" <?php if(get_option('xit_ads') == 'yes'){?>selected="selected"<?php }?>>Yes</option> <option value="no" <?php if(get_option('xit_ads') == 'no'){?>selected="selected"<?php }?>>No</option> </select> <br /><em>Make sure you have AdMinister plugin activated and have the position "Sidebar" created within the plugin.</em> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <th scope="row"><label for="advertise_page">Advertise Page</label></th> <td> <?php wp_dropdown_pages("name=advertise_page&show_option_none=".__('- Select -')."&selected=" .get_option('xit_advertise_page')); ?> </td> </tr> <!-- Google Analytics --> <tr> <th><label for="ads">Google Analytics code:</label></th> <td> <textarea name="analytics" id="analytics" rows="7" cols="70" style="font-size:11px;"><?php echo stripslashes(get_option('xit_analytics')); ?></textarea> </td> </tr> </table> <p class="submit"> <input type="submit" name="Submit" class="button-primary" value="Save Changes" /> <input type="hidden" name="xit_settings" value="save" style="display:none;" /> </p> </form> </div> <? }?> <?php function get_first_image() { global $post, $posts; $first_img = ''; ob_start(); ob_end_clean(); $output = preg_match_all('/<img.+src=[\'"]([^\'"]+)[\'"].*>/i', $post->post_content, $matches); $first_img = $matches [1] [0]; if(empty($first_img)){ //Defines a default image $first_img = "/images/default.jpg"; } return $first_img; } ?> The last line is line 223.

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  • Why does a PHP function with no parameters require parentheses?

    - by MarkRobinson
    I just spent 3 hours wondering why I couldn't start a session, then realised that I used: session_start; when I should have used: session_start(); I received no error messages at all! Perhaps then, I thought, it's a lazy way to differentiate functions from variables - but then remembered that it can't be as variables require a $ Can anyone tell me why parentheses are required then, and also why no error is given when they aren't used?

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  • What do you call this functional language feature?

    - by Jimmy
    ok, embarrassing enough, I posted code that I need explained. Specifically, it first chains absolute value and subtraction together, then tacks on a sort, all the while not having to mention parameters and arguments at all, because of the presense of "adverbs" that can join these functions "verbs" What (non-APL-type) languages support this kind of no-arguments function composition (I have the vague idea it ties in strongly to the concepts of monad/dyad and rank, but its hard to get a particularly easy-to-understand picture just from reading Wikipedia) and what do I call this concept?

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  • How would I duplicate the Rank function in a Sql Server Compact Edition SELECT statement?

    - by AMissico
    It doesn't look like SQL Server Compact Edition supports the RANK() function. (See Functions (SQL Server Compact Edition) at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms174077(SQL.90).aspx). How would I duplicate the RANK() function in a SQL Server Compact Edition SELECT statement. (Please use Northwind.sdf for any sample select statements, as it is the only one I can open with SQL Server 2005 Management Studio.)

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  • Is it good practice to name variables differently when defining more than one function?

    - by John
    For example, in this simple function where fun1 takes as input two numbers, adds them together and passes them to function 2 for printing the output. var1_in is local to each function, so is it OK to use the name var1_in in both functions, or is it better practice to call them different things? fun1 <- function (var1_in, var2_in) { var3 = var1_in + var2_in fun2(var3) } fun2 <- function (var1_in) { var4 = var1_in print(var4) }

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  • How to get Function names

    - by Sandeep P
    I want Function names from the call stack, how do i get Function names from it? as peek data doesn't return address of the stack. It is returned in GETREGS, how do i get my Functions name from these addresses?

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  • is there a way to inject privileged methods after an object is constructed?

    - by patrickgamer
    I'm trying to write fully automated unit tests in JavaScript and I'm looking for a way to read some private variables in various JS functions. I thought I recalled a way to inject privileged members into a function/object (and found an overwhelming occurrence of "no such thing as private in JS") and yet I can't find any resources indicating how. I'm trying to read through the properties of .prototype but if there's a way, someone out here would know where to direct me faster than I'd find on my own. Thanks

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  • what's this jquery syntax?

    - by all-R
    I see that quite often in some Jquery plugins $('#foo').myPlugin({ foo: 'bar', bar: 'foo' }); I'm talking about the {} in the .myPlugin() part. I see quite often anonymous functions like .click(function(){ }); but the above syntax looks different thanks for your help!

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  • How to access a method on a generic datacontext which is only created at runtime

    - by Jeremy Holt
    I'm creating my generic DataContext using only the connectionString in the ctor. I have no issues in retrieving the table using DataContext.GetTable(). However, I need to also be able to retrieve entities of inline table functions. The dbml designer generates public IQueryable<testFunctionResult> testFunction() { return this.CreateMethodCallQuery<testFunctionResult>(this, ((MethodInfo)(MethodInfo.GetCurrentMethod()))); } The question is how do I get the MethodInfo.GetCurrentMethod() when the DataContext has no method called "testFunction", i.e.typeof(DataContext).GetMethod("testFunction") returns null? What I'm trying to achieve is something like: public class UnitofWork<T> { public UnitofWork(string connectionString) { this.DataContext = new DataContext(connectionString); } public UnitofWork(IQueryable<T> tableEntity) { _tableEntity = tableEntity; } public IQueryable<T> TableEntity { get { if (DataContext == null) return _tableEntity; var metaType = DataContext.Mapping.GetMetaType(typeof (T)); if (metaType.IsEntity) _tableEntity = DataContext.GetTable<T>(); else { var s = typeof(T).Name; string methodName = s.Substring(0, s.IndexOf("Result")) + "()"; // the designer automatically affixes "Result" to the type name // Make a method from methodName // _tableEntity = DataContext.CreateMethodCallQuery(DataContext, method, new object[]{}); } return _tableEntity; } set { _tableEntity = value; } } ) Thanks in advance for any insight Jeremy

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  • Keeping the row in edit mode after saveRow in jqgrid

    - by Chirantan
    I want to be able to keep the row in edit mode even after calling saveRow() function in jQgrid. This is because I want to be able to validate the data being saved and remove the edit mode only when the data has passed its validations. I am aware of the succesfunc, which gets called after successful posting of data. I get the response handle too, however, manually calling the editRow(row_id); function does not seem to work. Is there anyway, I can keep the row in edit mode after calling saveRow?

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  • Extending Code Igniter functions to external PHP Scripts

    - by Fábio Antunes
    Hello everybody. I'm doing a small web app, which uses CKeditor for user input, and CKfinder for file management (images/flash). Those who know CKFinder, algo know that the config file for CKFinder as a function named CheckAuthentication() that returns false or true, giving or not permissions to use CKFinder. This is were a Custom PHP Code checks if the user as authorization to access CKFinder or not. Well for my app I'm using Code Igniter, and of course I've created a model were i handle everything about User Permissions, Loggin, Session Cookies, etc. And i also have a function witch its propose is just to check if the user is Logged in. So I would like to know if someone knows a way that i can call the function isLoggedIn() inside the model security from inside the function CheckAuthentication() in CKFinder config file. Thanks in advance.

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  • Problem with accessing variables/functions from subclass Objective C

    - by Mitul Ruparelia
    Hi, I am having a problem with accessing public variable 'activity', which is a UIActivityIndicatorView type, see class declaration below in QuickStartViewController.h: @interface QuickStartViewController : UIViewController <ABPeoplePickerNavigationControllerDelegate> { @public IBOutlet UIActivityIndicatorView *activity; } @property (nonatomic, retain) UIActivityIndicatorView *activity; @end The function is called from another class: #import "QuickStartViewController.h" @interface NumberValidator : QuickStartViewController.... See below: - (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection { [activity startAnimating]; NSLog(@"This function is called, but [activity startAnimating] still doesn't work..."); } Note: [activity startAnimating] works fine when called within the QuickStartViewController class Do you have any suggestions as to why [activity startAnimating] is not working?

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  • Npgsql pass parameters by name to a stored function

    - by Jeff
    I'm working with code I'm converting to Pgsql working with .NET. I want to call a stored function that has several parameters, but I'd like to bind the parameters by name, like so: NpgsqlCommand command = new NpgsqlCommand("\"StoredFunction\"", _Connection) command.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; command.Parameters.Add("param2", value2); command.PArameters.Add("param1", value1); Attempts to do this so far look for a function with parameter types matching in the order in which I added the parameters to the collection, not by name. Is it possible for Npgsql to bind parameters to stored functions by name?

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  • MVC 2: Html.TextBoxFor, etc. in VB.NET 2010

    - by Brian
    Hello, I have this sample ASP.NET MVC 2.0 view in C#, bound to a strongly typed model that has a first name, last name, and email: <div> First: <%= Html.TextBoxFor(i => i.FirstName) %> <%= Html.ValidationMessageFor(i => i.FirstName, "*") %> </div> <div> Last: <%= Html.TextBoxFor(i => i.LastName) %> <%= Html.ValidationMessageFor(i => i.LastName, "*")%> </div> <div> Email: <%= Html.TextBoxFor(i => i.Email) %> <%= Html.ValidationMessageFor(i => i.Email, "*")%> </div> I converted it to VB.NET, seeing the appropriate constructs in VB.NET 10, as: <div> First: <%= Html.TextBoxFor(Function(i) i.FirstName) %> <%= Html.ValidationMessageFor(Function(i) i.FirstName, "*") %> </div> <div> Last: <%= Html.TextBoxFor(Function(i) i.LastName)%> <%= Html.ValidationMessageFor(Function(i) i.LastName, "*")%> </div> <div> Email: <%= Html.TextBoxFor(Function(i) i.Email)%> <%= Html.ValidationMessageFor(Function(i) i.Email, "*")%> </div> No luck. Is this right, and if not, what syntax do I need to use? Again, I'm using ASP.NET MVC 2.0, this is a view bound to a strongly typed model... does MVC 2 still not support the new language constructs in .NET 2010? Thanks.

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  • System.DirectoryServices.AccountManagement functions fail to probe some machines (but not others)

    - by JCCyC
    Both the working and failing targets are machines in the same domain. Code is down below. When I use it against some machines in my domain, I get a System.DirectoryServices.AccountManagement.PrincipalOperationException with a message: "While trying to retrieve the authorization groups, an error (1332) occurred." The error is thrown by GetAuthorizationGroups(). Note: The username I use to connect is a local admin to the machine in both cases. PrincipalContext ctx = new PrincipalContext(ContextType.Machine, machineName, domainname + "\\" + adminusername, pass); List<Principal> retList = new List<Principal>(); using (var user = UserPrincipal.FindByIdentity(ctx, probedusername)) { if (user != null) { PrincipalSearchResult<Principal> groups = user.GetAuthorizationGroups(); foreach (Principal group in groups) { retList.Add(group); } } }

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  • Django ORM: Ordering w/ aggregate functions — None special treatment

    - by deno
    Hi, I'm doing query like that: SomeObject.objects.annotate(something=Avg('something')).order_by(something).all() Now, I normally have an aggregate field in my model that I use with Django signals to keep in sync, however in this case perfomance isn't an issue so I thought I'd keep it simple and just use subqueries. This approach, however, presented an unexpected issue: It all works grate if aggregate function results are like this: [5.0, 4.0, 6.0 … (etc, just numbers)] However if you mix in some Nones than it's being ordered like this: [None, 5.0, 4.0 …] The issue is that None has higher value than any number, while it should have value at most of 0. I'm using PostgreSQL and haven't tested w/ other DBs. I haven't actually checked what query is generated etc. I worked it around by just sorting in memory: sorted(…, key=lambda _:_.avg_rating if _.avg_rating is not None else 0) So I'm just curious if you know a way to do it w/ just Django ORM. Perhaps .where? or something… Kind regards

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