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• SQL Monitor’s data repository

  - by Chris Lambrou

  As one of the developers of SQL Monitor, I often get requests passed on by our support people from customers who are looking to dip into SQL Monitor’s own data repository, in order to pull out bits of information that they’re interested in. Since there’s clearly interest out there in playing around directly with the data repository, I thought I’d write some blog posts to start to describe how it all works. The hardest part for me is knowing where to begin, since the schema of the data repository is pretty big. Hmmm… I guess it’s tricky for anyone to write anything but the most trivial of queries against the data repository without understanding the hierarchy of monitored objects, so perhaps my first post should start there. I always imagine that whenever a customer fires up SSMS and starts to explore their SQL Monitor data repository database, they become immediately bewildered by the schema – that was certainly my experience when I did so for the first time. The following query shows the number of different object types in the data repository schema: SELECT type_desc, COUNT(*) AS [count] FROM sys.objects GROUP BY type_desc ORDER BY type_desc;  type_desccount 1DEFAULT_CONSTRAINT63 2FOREIGN_KEY_CONSTRAINT181 3INTERNAL_TABLE3 4PRIMARY_KEY_CONSTRAINT190 5SERVICE_QUEUE3 6SQL_INLINE_TABLE_VALUED_FUNCTION381 7SQL_SCALAR_FUNCTION2 8SQL_STORED_PROCEDURE100 9SYSTEM_TABLE41 10UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT54 11USER_TABLE193 12VIEW124 With 193 tables, 124 views, 100 stored procedures and 381 table valued functions, that’s quite a hefty schema, and when you browse through it using SSMS, it can be a bit daunting at first. So, where to begin? Well, let’s narrow things down a bit and only look at the tables belonging to the data schema. That’s where all of the collected monitoring data is stored by SQL Monitor. The following query gives us the names of those tables: SELECT sch.name + '.' + obj.name AS [name] FROM sys.objects obj JOIN sys.schemas sch ON sch.schema_id = obj.schema_id WHERE obj.type_desc = 'USER_TABLE' AND sch.name = 'data' ORDER BY sch.name, obj.name; This query still returns 110 tables. I won’t show them all here, but let’s have a look at the first few of them:  name 1data.Cluster_Keys 2data.Cluster_Machine_ClockSkew_UnstableSamples 3data.Cluster_Machine_Cluster_StableSamples 4data.Cluster_Machine_Keys 5data.Cluster_Machine_LogicalDisk_Capacity_StableSamples 6data.Cluster_Machine_LogicalDisk_Keys 7data.Cluster_Machine_LogicalDisk_Sightings 8data.Cluster_Machine_LogicalDisk_UnstableSamples 9data.Cluster_Machine_LogicalDisk_Volume_StableSamples 10data.Cluster_Machine_Memory_Capacity_StableSamples 11data.Cluster_Machine_Memory_UnstableSamples 12data.Cluster_Machine_Network_Capacity_StableSamples 13data.Cluster_Machine_Network_Keys 14data.Cluster_Machine_Network_Sightings 15data.Cluster_Machine_Network_UnstableSamples 16data.Cluster_Machine_OperatingSystem_StableSamples 17data.Cluster_Machine_Ping_UnstableSamples 18data.Cluster_Machine_Process_Instances 19data.Cluster_Machine_Process_Keys 20data.Cluster_Machine_Process_Owner_Instances 21data.Cluster_Machine_Process_Sightings 22data.Cluster_Machine_Process_UnstableSamples 23… There are two things I want to draw your attention to: The table names describe a hierarchy of the different types of object that are monitored by SQL Monitor (e.g. clusters, machines and disks). For each object type in the hierarchy, there are multiple tables, ending in the suffixes _Keys, _Sightings, _StableSamples and _UnstableSamples. Not every object type has a table for every suffix, but the _Keys suffix is especially important and a _Keys table does indeed exist for every object type. In fact, if we limit the query to return only those tables ending in _Keys, we reveal the full object hierarchy: SELECT sch.name + '.' + obj.name AS [name] FROM sys.objects obj JOIN sys.schemas sch ON sch.schema_id = obj.schema_id WHERE obj.type_desc = 'USER_TABLE' AND sch.name = 'data' AND obj.name LIKE '%_Keys' ORDER BY sch.name, obj.name;  name 1data.Cluster_Keys 2data.Cluster_Machine_Keys 3data.Cluster_Machine_LogicalDisk_Keys 4data.Cluster_Machine_Network_Keys 5data.Cluster_Machine_Process_Keys 6data.Cluster_Machine_Services_Keys 7data.Cluster_ResourceGroup_Keys 8data.Cluster_ResourceGroup_Resource_Keys 9data.Cluster_SqlServer_Agent_Job_History_Keys 10data.Cluster_SqlServer_Agent_Job_Keys 11data.Cluster_SqlServer_Database_BackupType_Backup_Keys 12data.Cluster_SqlServer_Database_BackupType_Keys 13data.Cluster_SqlServer_Database_CustomMetric_Keys 14data.Cluster_SqlServer_Database_File_Keys 15data.Cluster_SqlServer_Database_Keys 16data.Cluster_SqlServer_Database_Table_Index_Keys 17data.Cluster_SqlServer_Database_Table_Keys 18data.Cluster_SqlServer_Error_Keys 19data.Cluster_SqlServer_Keys 20data.Cluster_SqlServer_Services_Keys 21data.Cluster_SqlServer_SqlProcess_Keys 22data.Cluster_SqlServer_TopQueries_Keys 23data.Cluster_SqlServer_Trace_Keys 24data.Group_Keys The full object type hierarchy looks like this: Cluster Machine LogicalDisk Network Process Services ResourceGroup Resource SqlServer Agent Job History Database BackupType Backup CustomMetric File Table Index Error Services SqlProcess TopQueries Trace Group Okay, but what about the individual objects themselves represented at each level in this hierarchy? Well that’s what the _Keys tables are for. This is probably best illustrated by way of a simple example – how can I query my own data repository to find the databases on my own PC for which monitoring data has been collected? Like this: SELECT clstr._Name AS cluster_name, srvr._Name AS instance_name, db._Name AS database_name FROM data.Cluster_SqlServer_Database_Keys db JOIN data.Cluster_SqlServer_Keys srvr ON db.ParentId = srvr.Id -- Note here how the parent of a Database is a Server JOIN data.Cluster_Keys clstr ON srvr.ParentId = clstr.Id -- Note here how the parent of a Server is a Cluster WHERE clstr._Name = 'dev-chrisl2' -- This is the hostname of my own PC ORDER BY clstr._Name, srvr._Name, db._Name;  cluster_nameinstance_namedatabase_name 1dev-chrisl2SqlMonitorData 2dev-chrisl2master 3dev-chrisl2model 4dev-chrisl2msdb 5dev-chrisl2mssqlsystemresource 6dev-chrisl2tempdb 7dev-chrisl2sql2005SqlMonitorData 8dev-chrisl2sql2005TestDatabase 9dev-chrisl2sql2005master 10dev-chrisl2sql2005model 11dev-chrisl2sql2005msdb 12dev-chrisl2sql2005mssqlsystemresource 13dev-chrisl2sql2005tempdb 14dev-chrisl2sql2008SqlMonitorData 15dev-chrisl2sql2008master 16dev-chrisl2sql2008model 17dev-chrisl2sql2008msdb 18dev-chrisl2sql2008mssqlsystemresource 19dev-chrisl2sql2008tempdb These results show that I have three SQL Server instances on my machine (a default instance, one named sql2005 and one named sql2008), and each instance has the usual set of system databases, along with a database named SqlMonitorData. Basically, this is where I test SQL Monitor on different versions of SQL Server, when I’m developing. There are a few important things we can learn from this query: Each _Keys table has a column named Id. This is the primary key. Each _Keys table has a column named ParentId. A foreign key relationship is defined between each _Keys table and its parent _Keys table in the hierarchy. There are two exceptions to this, Cluster_Keys and Group_Keys, because clusters and groups live at the root level of the object hierarchy. Each _Keys table has a column named _Name. This is used to uniquely identify objects in the table within the scope of the same shared parent object. Actually, that last item isn’t always true. In some cases, the _Name column is actually called something else. For example, the data.Cluster_Machine_Services_Keys table has a column named _ServiceName instead of _Name (sorry for the inconsistency). In other cases, a name isn’t sufficient to uniquely identify an object. For example, right now my PC has multiple processes running, all sharing the same name, Chrome (one for each tab open in my web-browser). In such cases, multiple columns are used to uniquely identify an object within the scope of the same shared parent object. Well, that’s it for now. I’ve given you enough information for you to explore the _Keys tables to see how objects are stored in your own data repositories. In a future post, I’ll try to explain how monitoring data is stored for each object, using the _StableSamples and _UnstableSamples tables. If you have any questions about this post, or suggestions for future posts, just submit them in the comments section below.

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• Problem with room/screen/menu controller in python game: old rooms are not removed from memory

  - by Jordan Magnuson

  I'm literally banging my head against a wall here (as in, yes, physically, at my current location, I am damaging my cranium). Basically, I've got a Python/Pygame game with some typical game "rooms", or "screens." EG title screen, high scores screen, and the actual game room. Something bad is happening when I switch between rooms: the old room (and its various items) are not removed from memory, or from my event listener. Not only that, but every time I go back to a certain room, my number of event listeners increases, as well as the RAM being consumed! (So if I go back and forth between the title screen and the "game room", for instance, the number of event listeners and the memory usage just keep going up and up. The main issue is that all the event listeners start to add up and really drain the CPU. I'm new to Python, and don't know if I'm doing something obviously wrong here, or what. I will love you so much if you can help me with this! Below is the relevant source code. Complete source code at http://www.necessarygames.com/my_games/betraveled/betraveled_src0328.zip MAIN.PY class RoomController(object): """Controls which room is currently active (eg Title Screen)""" def __init__(self, screen, ev_manager): self.room = None self.screen = screen self.ev_manager = ev_manager self.ev_manager.register_listener(self) self.room = self.set_room(config.room) def set_room(self, room_const): #Unregister old room from ev_manager if self.room: self.room.ev_manager.unregister_listener(self.room) self.room = None #Set new room based on const if room_const == config.TITLE_SCREEN: return rooms.TitleScreen(self.screen, self.ev_manager) elif room_const == config.GAME_MODE_ROOM: return rooms.GameModeRoom(self.screen, self.ev_manager) elif room_const == config.GAME_ROOM: return rooms.GameRoom(self.screen, self.ev_manager) elif room_const == config.HIGH_SCORES_ROOM: return rooms.HighScoresRoom(self.screen, self.ev_manager) def notify(self, event): if isinstance(event, ChangeRoomRequest): if event.game_mode: config.game_mode = event.game_mode self.room = self.set_room(event.new_room) #Run game def main(): pygame.init() screen = pygame.display.set_mode(config.screen_size) ev_manager = EventManager() spinner = CPUSpinnerController(ev_manager) room_controller = RoomController(screen, ev_manager) pygame_event_controller = PyGameEventController(ev_manager) spinner.run() EVENT_MANAGER.PY class EventManager: #This object is responsible for coordinating most communication #between the Model, View, and Controller. def __init__(self): from weakref import WeakKeyDictionary self.last_listeners = {} self.listeners = WeakKeyDictionary() self.eventQueue= [] self.gui_app = None #---------------------------------------------------------------------- def register_listener(self, listener): self.listeners[listener] = 1 #---------------------------------------------------------------------- def unregister_listener(self, listener): if listener in self.listeners: del self.listeners[listener] #---------------------------------------------------------------------- def clear(self): del self.listeners[:] #---------------------------------------------------------------------- def post(self, event): # if isinstance(event, MouseButtonLeftEvent): # debug(event.name) #NOTE: copying the list like this before iterating over it, EVERY tick, is highly inefficient, #but currently has to be done because of how new listeners are added to the queue while it is running #(eg when popping cards from a deck). Should be changed. See: http://dr0id.homepage.bluewin.ch/pygame_tutorial08.html #and search for "Watch the iteration" print 'Number of listeners: ' + str(len(self.listeners)) for listener in list(self.listeners): #NOTE: If the weakref has died, it will be #automatically removed, so we don't have #to worry about it. listener.notify(event) def notify(self, event): pass #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ class PyGameEventController: """...""" def __init__(self, ev_manager): self.ev_manager = ev_manager self.ev_manager.register_listener(self) self.input_freeze = False #---------------------------------------------------------------------- def notify(self, incoming_event): if isinstance(incoming_event, UserInputFreeze): self.input_freeze = True elif isinstance(incoming_event, UserInputUnFreeze): self.input_freeze = False elif isinstance(incoming_event, TickEvent) or isinstance(incoming_event, BoardCreationTick): #Share some time with other processes, so we don't hog the cpu pygame.time.wait(5) #Handle Pygame Events for event in pygame.event.get(): #If this event manager has an associated PGU GUI app, notify it of the event if self.ev_manager.gui_app: self.ev_manager.gui_app.event(event) #Standard event handling for everything else ev = None if event.type == QUIT: ev = QuitEvent() elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and not self.input_freeze: if event.button == 1: #Button 1 pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos() ev = MouseButtonLeftEvent(pos) elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and not self.input_freeze: if event.button == 2: #Button 2 pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos() ev = MouseButtonRightEvent(pos) elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP and not self.input_freeze: if event.button == 2: #Button 2 Release pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos() ev = MouseButtonRightReleaseEvent(pos) elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION: pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos() ev = MouseMoveEvent(pos) #Post event to event manager if ev: self.ev_manager.post(ev) # elif isinstance(event, BoardCreationTick): # #Share some time with other processes, so we don't hog the cpu # pygame.time.wait(5) # # #If this event manager has an associated PGU GUI app, notify it of the event # if self.ev_manager.gui_app: # self.ev_manager.gui_app.event(event) #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ class CPUSpinnerController: def __init__(self, ev_manager): self.ev_manager = ev_manager self.ev_manager.register_listener(self) self.clock = pygame.time.Clock() self.cumu_time = 0 self.keep_going = True #---------------------------------------------------------------------- def run(self): if not self.keep_going: raise Exception('dead spinner') while self.keep_going: time_passed = self.clock.tick() fps = self.clock.get_fps() self.cumu_time += time_passed self.ev_manager.post(TickEvent(time_passed, fps)) if self.cumu_time >= 1000: self.cumu_time = 0 self.ev_manager.post(SecondEvent(fps=fps)) pygame.quit() #---------------------------------------------------------------------- def notify(self, event): if isinstance(event, QuitEvent): #this will stop the while loop from running self.keep_going = False EXAMPLE CLASS USING EVENT MANAGER class Timer(object): def __init__(self, ev_manager, time_left): self.ev_manager = ev_manager self.ev_manager.register_listener(self) self.time_left = time_left self.paused = False def __repr__(self): return str(self.time_left) def pause(self): self.paused = True def unpause(self): self.paused = False def notify(self, event): #Pause Event if isinstance(event, Pause): self.pause() #Unpause Event elif isinstance(event, Unpause): self.unpause() #Second Event elif isinstance(event, SecondEvent): if not self.paused: self.time_left -= 1

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• Can't disable jQuery cache

  - by robert_d

  Update I figured out that it must be caching problem but I can't turn cache off. Here is my changed script: <script src="../../Scripts/jquery-1.4.1.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery.ajaxSetup({ // Disable caching of AJAX responses cache: false }); jQuery("#button1").click(function (e) { window.setInterval(refreshResult, 3000); }); function refreshResult() { jQuery("#divResult").load("/Home/Refresh"); } </script> It updates part of a web page every 3 sec. It works only once after clearing web browser cache, after that it doesn't work - requests are made to /Home/Refresh without interval of 3 seconds and nothing is displayed on the web page; subsequent requests send cookie ASP.NET_SessionId=wrkx1avgvzwozcn1frsrb2yh. I am using ASP.NET MVC 2 and c#. I have a problem with jQuery, here is how my web app works Search.aspx web page which contains a form and jQuery script posts data to Search() action in Home controller after user clicks button1 button. Search.aspx: <%@ Page Title="" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Views/Shared/Site.Master" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<GLSChecker.Models.WebGLSQuery>" %> <asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="TitleContent" runat="server"> Title </asp:Content> <asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="MainContent" runat="server"> <h2>Search</h2> <% Html.EnableClientValidation(); %> <% using (Html.BeginForm()) {%> <fieldset> <div class="editor-label"> <%: Html.LabelFor(model => model.Url) %> </div> <div class="editor-field"> <%: Html.TextBoxFor(model => model.Url, new { size = "50" } ) %> <%: Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Url) %> </div> <div class="editor-label"> <%: Html.LabelFor(model => model.Location) %> </div> <div class="editor-field"> <%: Html.TextBoxFor(model => model.Location, new { size = "50" } ) %> <%: Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Location) %> </div> <div class="editor-label"> <%: Html.LabelFor(model => model.KeywordLines) %> </div> <div class="editor-field"> <%: Html.TextAreaFor(model => model.KeywordLines, 10, 60, null)%> <%: Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.KeywordLines)%> </div> <p> <input id ="button1" type="submit" value="Search" /> </p> </fieldset> <% } %> <script src="../../Scripts/jquery-1.4.1.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery("#button1").click(function (e) { window.setInterval(refreshResult, 5000); }); function refreshResult() { jQuery("#divResult").load("/Home/Refresh"); } </script> <div id="divResult"> </div> </asp:Content> [HttpPost] public ActionResult Search(WebGLSQuery queryToCreate) { if (!ModelState.IsValid) return View("Search"); queryToCreate.Remote_Address = HttpContext.Request.ServerVariables["REMOTE_ADDR"]; Session["Result"] = null; SearchKeywordLines(queryToCreate); Thread.Sleep(15000); return View("Search"); }//Search() After button1 button is clicked the above script from Search.aspx web page runs. Search() action in controller runs for longer period of time. I simulate this in testing by putting Thread.Sleep(15000); in Search()action. 5 sec. after Submit button was pressed, the above jQuery script calls Refresh() action in Home controller. public ActionResult Refresh() { ViewData["Result"] = DateTime.Now; return PartialView(); } Refresh() renders this partial <%@ Control Language="C#" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewUserControl" % <%= ViewData["Result"] % The problem is that in Internet Explorer 8 there is only one request to /Home/Refresh; in Firefox 3.6.3 all requests to /Home/Refresh are made but nothing is displayed on the web page. Another problem with Firefox is that requests to /Home/Refresh are made every second not every 5 seconds. I noticed that after I clear Firefox cache the script works well first time button1 is pressed, but after that it doesn't work. I would be grateful for helpful suggestions.

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• Spam Assassin on windows

  - by ebeworld

  I just installed spam assassin and run for its sample ham mail as spamassassin sample-nonspam.txt, but it ended up marking it as a spam. What configuration am i missing to change? Result of the check is: From: Keith Dawson To: [email protected] Subject: **SPAM** TBTF ping for 2001-04-20: Reviving Date: Fri, 20 Apr 2001 16:59:58 -0400 Message-Id: X-Spam-Flag: YES X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.2.3 (2007-08-08) on ebeworld-PC X-Spam-Level: **** X-Spam-Status: Yes, score=10.5 required=6.3 tests=DCC_CHECK,DIGEST_MULTIPLE, DNS_FROM_OPENWHOIS,RAZOR2_CF_RANGE_51_100,RAZOR2_CF_RANGE_E4_51_100, RAZOR2_CHECK shortcircuit=no autolearn=no version=3.2.3 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="----------=_4BF17E8E.BF8E0000" This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------------=_4BF17E8E.BF8E0000 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Disposition: inline Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit This mail is probably spam. The original message has been attached intact in RFC 822 format. Content preview: -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- TBTF ping for 2001-04-20: Reviving T a s t y B i t s f r o m t h e T e c h n o l o g y F r o n t [...] Content analysis details: (10.5 points, 6.3 required) 2.4 DNS_FROM_OPENWHOIS RBL: Envelope sender listed in bl.open-whois.org. 1.5 RAZOR2_CF_RANGE_E4_51_100 Razor2 gives engine 4 confidence level above 50% [cf: 58] 2.5 RAZOR2_CHECK Listed in Razor2 (http://razor.sf.net/) 0.5 RAZOR2_CF_RANGE_51_100 Razor2 gives confidence level above 50% [cf: 58] 3.6 DCC_CHECK Listed in DCC (http://rhyolite.com/anti-spam/dcc/) 0.0 DIGEST_MULTIPLE Message hits more than one network digest check ------------=_4BF17E8E.BF8E0000 Content-Type: message/rfc822; x-spam-type=original Content-Description: original message before SpamAssassin Content-Disposition: inline Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Return-Path: Delivered-To: [email protected] Received: from europe.std.com (europe.std.com [199.172.62.20]) by mail.netnoteinc.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 392E1114061 for ; Fri, 20 Apr 2001 21:34:46 +0000 (Eire) Received: (from daemon@localhost) by europe.std.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA09630 for tbtf-outgoing; Fri, 20 Apr 2001 17:31:18 -0400 (EDT) Received: from sgi04-e.std.com (sgi04-e.std.com [199.172.62.134]) by europe.std.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA08749 for ; Fri, 20 Apr 2001 17:24:31 -0400 (EDT) Received: from world.std.com (world-f.std.com [199.172.62.5]) by sgi04-e.std.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA8278330 for ; Fri, 20 Apr 2001 17:24:31 -0400 (EDT) Received: (from dawson@localhost) by world.std.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA26781 for [email protected]; Fri, 20 Apr 2001 17:24:31 -0400 (EDT) Received: from sgi04-e.std.com (sgi04-e.std.com [199.172.62.134]) by europe.std.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA07541 for ; Fri, 20 Apr 2001 17:12:06 -0400 (EDT) Received: from world.std.com (world-f.std.com [199.172.62.5]) by sgi04-e.std.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA8416421 for ; Fri, 20 Apr 2001 17:12:06 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [208.192.102.193] (ppp0c199.std.com [208.192.102.199]) by world.std.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA14226 for ; Fri, 20 Apr 2001 17:12:04 -0400 (EDT) Mime-Version: 1.0 Message-Id: Date: Fri, 20 Apr 2001 16:59:58 -0400 To: [email protected] From: Keith Dawson Subject: TBTF ping for 2001-04-20: Reviving Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Sender: [email protected] Precedence: list Reply-To: [email protected] -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- TBTF ping for 2001-04-20: Reviving T a s t y B i t s f r o m t h e T e c h n o l o g y F r o n t Timely news of the bellwethers in computer and communications technology that will affect electronic commerce -- since 1994 Your Host: Keith Dawson ISSN: 1524-9948 This issue: < http://tbtf.com/archive/2001-04-20.html > To comment on this issue, please use this forum at Quick Topic: < http://www.quicktopic.com/tbtf/H/kQGJR2TXL6H > ________________________________________________________________________ Q u o t e O f T h e M o m e n t Even organizations that promise "privacy for their customers" rarely if ever promise "continued privacy for their former customers..." Once you cancel your account with any business, their promises of keeping the information about their customers private no longer apply... you're not a customer any longer. This is in the large category of business behaviors that individuals would consider immoral and deceptive -- and businesses know are not illegal. -- "_ankh," writing on the XNStalk mailing list ________________________________________________________________________ ..TBTF's long hiatus is drawing to a close Hail subscribers to the TBTF mailing list. Some 2,000 [1] of you have signed up since the last issue [2] was mailed on 2000-07-20. This brief note is the first of several I will send to this list to excise the dead addresses prior to resuming regular publication. While you time the contractions of the newsletter's rebirth, I in- vite you to read the TBTF Log [3] and sign up for its separate free subscription. Send "subscribe" (no quotes) with any subject to [email protected] . I mail out collected Log items on Sun- days. If you need to stay more immediately on top of breaking stories, pick up the TBTF Log's syndication file [4] or read an aggregator that does. Examples are Slashdot's Cheesy Portal [5], Userland [6], and Sitescooper [7]. If your news obsession runs even deeper and you own an SMS-capable cell phone or PDA, sign up on TBTF's WebWire- lessNow portal [8]. A free call will bring you the latest TBTF Log headline, Jargon Scout [9] find, or Siliconium [10]. Two new columnists have bloomed on TBTF since last summer: Ted By- field's roving_reporter [11] and Gary Stock's UnBlinking [12]. Late- ly Byfield has been writing in unmatched depth about ICANN, but the roving_reporter nym's roots are in commentary at the intersection of technology and culture. Stock's UnBlinking latches onto topical sub- jects and pursues them to the ends of the Net. These writers' voices are compelling and utterly distinctive. [1] http://tbtf.com/growth.html [2] http://tbtf.com/archive/2000-07-20.html [3] http://tbtf.com/blog/ [4] http://tbtf.com/tbtf.rdf [5] http://www.slashdot.org/cheesyportal.shtml [6] http://my.userland.com/ [7] http://www.sitescooper.org/ [8] http://tbtf.com/pull-wwn/ [9] http://tbtf.com/jargon-scout.html [10] http://tbtf.com/siliconia.html [11] http://tbtf.com/roving_reporter/ [12] http://tbtf.com/unblinking/ ________________________________________________________________________ S o u r c e s For a complete list of TBTF's email and Web sources, see http://tbtf.com/sources.html . ________________________________________ B e n e f a c t o r s TBTF is free. If you get value from this publication, please visit the TBTF Benefactors page < http://tbtf.com/the-benefactors.html > and consider contributing to its upkeep. ________________________________________________________________________ TBTF home and archive at http://tbtf.com/ . To unsubscribe send the message "unsubscribe" to [email protected]. TBTF is Copy- right 1994-2000 by Keith Dawson, <[email protected]>. Commercial use prohibited. For non-commercial purposes please forward, post, and link as you see fit. _______________________________________________ Keith Dawson [email protected] Layer of ash separates morning and evening milk. -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: PGPfreeware 6.5.2 for non-commercial use http://www.pgp.com iQCVAwUBOuCi3WAMawgf2iXRAQHeAQQA3YSePSQ0XzdHZUVskFDkTfpE9XS4fHQs WaT6a8qLZK9PdNcoz3zggM/Jnjdx6CJqNzxPEtxk9B2DoGll/C/60HWNPN+VujDu Xav65S0P+Px4knaQcCIeCamQJ7uGcsw+CqMpNbxWYaTYmjAfkbKH1EuLC2VRwdmD wQmwrDp70v8= =8hLB -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- ------------=_4BF17E8E.BF8E0000--

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• What's the best name for a non-mutating "add" method on an immutable collection?

  - by Jon Skeet

  Sorry for the waffly title - if I could come up with a concise title, I wouldn't have to ask the question. Suppose I have an immutable list type. It has an operation Foo(x) which returns a new immutable list with the specified argument as an extra element at the end. So to build up a list of strings with values "Hello", "immutable", "world" you could write: var empty = new ImmutableList<string>(); var list1 = empty.Foo("Hello"); var list2 = list1.Foo("immutable"); var list3 = list2.Foo("word"); (This is C# code, and I'm most interested in a C# suggestion if you feel the language is important. It's not fundamentally a language question, but the idioms of the language may be important.) The important thing is that the existing lists are not altered by Foo - so empty.Count would still return 0. Another (more idiomatic) way of getting to the end result would be: var list = new ImmutableList<string>().Foo("Hello"); .Foo("immutable"); .Foo("word"); My question is: what's the best name for Foo? EDIT 3: As I reveal later on, the name of the type might not actually be ImmutableList<T>, which makes the position clear. Imagine instead that it's TestSuite and that it's immutable because the whole of the framework it's a part of is immutable... (End of edit 3) Options I've come up with so far: Add: common in .NET, but implies mutation of the original list Cons: I believe this is the normal name in functional languages, but meaningless to those without experience in such languages Plus: my favourite so far, it doesn't imply mutation to me. Apparently this is also used in Haskell but with slightly different expectations (a Haskell programmer might expect it to add two lists together rather than adding a single value to the other list). With: consistent with some other immutable conventions, but doesn't have quite the same "additionness" to it IMO. And: not very descriptive. Operator overload for + : I really don't like this much; I generally think operators should only be applied to lower level types. I'm willing to be persuaded though! The criteria I'm using for choosing are: Gives the correct impression of the result of the method call (i.e. that it's the original list with an extra element) Makes it as clear as possible that it doesn't mutate the existing list Sounds reasonable when chained together as in the second example above Please ask for more details if I'm not making myself clear enough... EDIT 1: Here's my reasoning for preferring Plus to Add. Consider these two lines of code: list.Add(foo); list.Plus(foo); In my view (and this is a personal thing) the latter is clearly buggy - it's like writing "x + 5;" as a statement on its own. The first line looks like it's okay, until you remember that it's immutable. In fact, the way that the plus operator on its own doesn't mutate its operands is another reason why Plus is my favourite. Without the slight ickiness of operator overloading, it still gives the same connotations, which include (for me) not mutating the operands (or method target in this case). EDIT 2: Reasons for not liking Add. Various answers are effectively: "Go with Add. That's what DateTime does, and String has Replace methods etc which don't make the immutability obvious." I agree - there's precedence here. However, I've seen plenty of people call DateTime.Add or String.Replace and expect mutation. There are loads of newsgroup questions (and probably SO ones if I dig around) which are answered by "You're ignoring the return value of String.Replace; strings are immutable, a new string gets returned." Now, I should reveal a subtlety to the question - the type might not actually be an immutable list, but a different immutable type. In particular, I'm working on a benchmarking framework where you add tests to a suite, and that creates a new suite. It might be obvious that: var list = new ImmutableList<string>(); list.Add("foo"); isn't going to accomplish anything, but it becomes a lot murkier when you change it to: var suite = new TestSuite<string, int>(); suite.Add(x => x.Length); That looks like it should be okay. Whereas this, to me, makes the mistake clearer: var suite = new TestSuite<string, int>(); suite.Plus(x => x.Length); That's just begging to be: var suite = new TestSuite<string, int>().Plus(x => x.Length); Ideally, I would like my users not to have to be told that the test suite is immutable. I want them to fall into the pit of success. This may not be possible, but I'd like to try. I apologise for over-simplifying the original question by talking only about an immutable list type. Not all collections are quite as self-descriptive as ImmutableList<T> :)

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• ASP 3.0 Folder/File Permissions Settings (ASP Classic)

  - by ASP Pee-Wee

  Dear Stack Exchange, Hi, I have built a form input page in HTML that has an action to post to an ASP handler/processor .asp file. The form handler/processor .asp file contains only <% Insert VBScript Here % and no HTML output whatsoever. The .asp file was never intended to be a "web viewable" .asp file like an .asp home page file or html file would. It's supposed to be for my eyes only- not the public's however it does need to take info posted by the public and do something with it on it's end. I have used VBScript/ASP3.0 to build the form handler/processor file and would like to know how to keep someone from viewing the actual VBScript in the handler/processor .asp file. I am aware of obfuscation but I would like to know how to keep prying eyes from even being able to take a look at the obfuscated code in the handler/processor file. I realize that the server executes the .asp file first before outputting anything to the browser so I guess that my main concern is mostly that someone may could "download" the form handler/processor .asp file, then view it's contents on their machine. Assuming the form handler .asp file is where it is, behind the root, and is on a windows server (no htaccess approach) how could one protect it so that it could never be viewed or simply pulled down via anonymous ftp or something like that? Is there something like "script only" permissions that the system administrator could set up for a particular folder? Remember, with shared hosting I can't go above the root. If so, would the form still be able to post? How would any of you guys go about protecting the asp file in addition to obfuscation? Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks, ASP Pee-Wee

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• $_POST data returns empty when headers are > POST_MAX_SIZE

  - by Jared

  Hi Hopefully someone here might have an answer to my question. I have a basic form that contains simple fields, like name, number, email address etc and 1 file upload field. I am trying to add some validation into my script that detects if the file is too large and then rejects the user back to the form to select/upload a smaller file. My problem is, if a user selects a file that is bigger than my validation file size rule and larger than php.ini POST_MAX_SIZE/UPLOAD_MAX_FILESIZE and pushes submit, then PHP seems to try process the form only to fail on the POST_MAX_SIZE settings and then clears the entire $_POST array and returns nothing back to the form. Is there a way around this? Surely if someone uploads something than the max size configured in the php.ini then you can still get the rest of the $_POST data??? Here is my code. <?php function validEmail($email) { $isValid = true; $atIndex = strrpos($email, "@"); if (is_bool($atIndex) && !$atIndex) { $isValid = false; } else { $domain = substr($email, $atIndex+1); $local = substr($email, 0, $atIndex); $localLen = strlen($local); $domainLen = strlen($domain); if ($localLen < 1 || $localLen > 64) { // local part length exceeded $isValid = false; } else if ($domainLen < 1 || $domainLen > 255) { // domain part length exceeded $isValid = false; } else if ($local[0] == '.' || $local[$localLen-1] == '.') { // local part starts or ends with '.' $isValid = false; } else if (preg_match('/\\.\\./', $local)) { // local part has two consecutive dots $isValid = false; } else if (!preg_match('/^[A-Za-z0-9\\-\\.]+$/', $domain)) { // character not valid in domain part $isValid = false; } else if (preg_match('/\\.\\./', $domain)) { // domain part has two consecutive dots $isValid = false; } else if (!preg_match('/^(\\\\.|[A-Za-z0-9!#%&`_=\\/$\'*+?^{}|~.-])+$/', str_replace("\\\\","",$local))) { // character not valid in local part unless // local part is quoted if (!preg_match('/^"(\\\\"|[^"])+"$/', str_replace("\\\\","",$local))) { $isValid = false; } } } return $isValid; } //setup post variables @$name = htmlspecialchars(trim($_REQUEST['name'])); @$emailCheck = htmlspecialchars(trim($_REQUEST['email'])); @$organisation = htmlspecialchars(trim($_REQUEST['organisation'])); @$title = htmlspecialchars(trim($_REQUEST['title'])); @$phone = htmlspecialchars(trim($_REQUEST['phone'])); @$location = htmlspecialchars(trim($_REQUEST['location'])); @$description = htmlspecialchars(trim($_REQUEST['description'])); @$fileError = 0; @$phoneError = ""; //setup file upload handler $target_path = 'uploads/'; $filename = basename( @$_FILES['uploadedfile']['name']); $max_size = 8000000; // maximum file size (8mb in bytes) NB: php.ini max filesize upload is 10MB on test environment. $allowed_filetypes = Array(".pdf", ".doc", ".zip", ".txt", ".xls", ".docx", ".csv", ".rtf"); //put extensions in here that should be uploaded only. $ext = substr($filename, strpos($filename,'.'), strlen($filename)-1); // Get the extension from the filename. if(!is_writable($target_path)) die('You cannot upload to the specified directory, please CHMOD it to 777.'); //Check if we can upload to the specified upload folder. //display form function function displayForm($name, $emailCheck, $organisation, $phone, $title, $location, $description, $phoneError, $allowed_filetypes, $ext, $filename, $fileError) { //make $emailCheck global so function can get value from global scope. global $emailCheck; global $max_size; echo '<form action="geodetic_form.php" method="post" name="contact" id="contact" enctype="multipart/form-data">'."\n". '<fieldset>'."\n".'<div>'."\n"; //name echo '<label for="name"><span class="mandatory">*</span>Your name:</label>'."\n". '<input type="text" name="name" id="name" class="inputText required" value="'. $name .'" />'."\n"; //check if name field is filled out if (isset($_REQUEST['submit']) && empty($name)) { echo '<label for="name" class="error">Please enter your name.</label>'."\n"; } echo '</div>'."\n". '<div>'."\n"; //Email echo '<label for="email"><span class="mandatory">*</span>Your email:</label>'."\n". '<input type="text" name="email" id="email" class="inputText required email" value="'. $emailCheck .'" />'."\n"; // check if email field is filled out and proper format if (isset($_REQUEST['submit']) && validEmail($emailCheck) == false) { echo '<label for="email" class="error">Invalid email address entered.</label>'."\n"; } echo '</div>'."\n". '<div>'."\n"; //organisation echo '<label for="phone">Organisation:</label>'."\n". '<input type="text" name="organisation" id="organisation" class="inputText" value="'. $organisation .'" />'."\n"; echo '</div>'."\n". '</fieldset>'."\n".'<fieldset>'. "\n" . '<div>'."\n"; //title echo '<label for="phone">Title:</label>'."\n". '<input type="text" name="title" id="title" class="inputText" value="'. $title .'" />'."\n"; echo '</div>'."\n". '</fieldset>'."\n".'<fieldset>'. "\n" . '<div>'."\n"; //phone echo '<label for="phone"><span class="mandatory">*</span>Phone <br /><span class="small">(include area code)</span>:</label>'."\n". '<input type="text" name="phone" id="phone" class="inputText required" value="'. $phone .'" />'."\n"; // check if phone field is filled out that it has numbers and not characters if (isset($_REQUEST['submit']) && $phoneError == "true" && empty($phone)) echo '<label for="email" class="error">Please enter a valid phone number.</label>'."\n"; echo '</div>'."\n". '</fieldset>'."\n".'<fieldset>'. "\n" . '<div>'."\n"; //Location echo '<label class="location" for="location"><span class="mandatory">*</span>Location:</label>'."\n". '<textarea name="location" id="location" class="required">'. $location .'</textarea>'."\n"; //check if message field is filled out if (isset($_REQUEST['submit']) && empty($_REQUEST['location'])) echo '<label for="location" class="error">This field is required.</label>'."\n"; echo '</div>'."\n". '</fieldset>'."\n".'<fieldset>'. "\n" . '<div>'."\n"; //description echo '<label class="description" for="description">Description:</label>'."\n". '<textarea name="description" id="queryComments">'. $description .'</textarea>'."\n"; echo '</div>'."\n". '</fieldset>'."\n".'<fieldset>'. "\n" . '<div>'."\n"; //file upload echo '<label class="uploadedfile" for="uploadedfile">File:</label>'."\n". '<input type="file" name="uploadedfile" id="uploadedfile" value="'. $filename .'" />'."\n"; // Check if the filetype is allowed, if not DIE and inform the user. switch ($fileError) { case "1": echo '<label for="uploadedfile" class="error">The file you attempted to upload is not allowed.</label>'; break; case "2": echo '<label for="uploadedfile" class="error">The file you attempted to upload is too large.</label>'; break; } echo '</div>'."\n". '</fieldset>'; //end of form echo '<div class="submit"><input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit" id="submit" /></div>'. '<div class="clear"><p><br /></p></div>'; } //end function //setup error validations if (isset($_REQUEST['submit']) && !empty($_REQUEST['phone']) && !is_numeric($_REQUEST['phone'])) $phoneError = "true"; if (isset($_REQUEST['submit']) && $_FILES['uploadedfile']['error'] != 4 && !in_array($ext, $allowed_filetypes)) $fileError = 1; if (isset($_REQUEST['submit']) && $_FILES["uploadedfile"]["size"] > $max_size) $fileError = 2; echo "this condition " . $fileError; $POST_MAX_SIZE = ini_get('post_max_size'); $mul = substr($POST_MAX_SIZE, -1); $mul = ($mul == 'M' ? 1048576 : ($mul == 'K' ? 1024 : ($mul == 'G' ? 1073741824 : 1))); if ($_SERVER['CONTENT_LENGTH'] > $mul*(int)$POST_MAX_SIZE && $POST_MAX_SIZE) echo "too big!!"; echo $POST_MAX_SIZE; if(empty($name) || empty($phone) || empty($location) || validEmail($emailCheck) == false || $phoneError == "true" || $fileError != 0) { displayForm($name, $emailCheck, $organisation, $phone, $title, $location, $description, $phoneError, $allowed_filetypes, $ext, $filename, $fileError); echo $fileError; echo "max size is: " .$max_size; echo "and file size is: " . $_FILES["uploadedfile"]["size"]; exit; } else { //copy file from temp to upload directory $path_of_uploaded_file = $target_path . $filename; $tmp_path = $_FILES["uploadedfile"]["tmp_name"]; echo $tmp_path; echo "and file size is: " . filesize($_FILES["uploadedfile"]["tmp_name"]); exit; if(is_uploaded_file($tmp_path)) { if(!copy($tmp_path,$path_of_uploaded_file)) { echo 'error while copying the uploaded file'; } } //test debug stuff echo "sending email..."; exit; } ?> PHP is returning this error in the log: [29-Apr-2010 10:32:47] PHP Warning: POST Content-Length of 57885895 bytes exceeds the limit of 10485760 bytes in Unknown on line 0 Excuse all the debug stuff :) FTR, I am running PHP 5.1.2 on IIS. TIA Jared

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• OData.org updated, gives clues about future SQL Azure enhancements

  - by jamiet

  The OData website at http://www.odata.org/home has been updated today to provide a much more engaging page than the previous sterile attempt. Moreover its now chockful of information about the progress of OData including a blog, a list of products that produce OData feeds plus some live OData feeds that you can hit up today, a list of OData-compliant clients and an FAQ. Most interestingly SQL Azure is listed as a producer of OData feeds: If you have a SQL Azure database account you can easily expose an OData feed through a simple configuration portal. You can select authenticated or anonymous access and expose different OData views according to permissions granted to the specified SQL Azure database user. A preview of this upcoming SQL Azure service is available at https://www.sqlazurelabs.com/OData.aspx and it enables you to select one of your existing SQL Azure databases and, with a few clicks, turn it into an OData feed. It looks as though SQL Azure will soon be added to the stable of products that natively support OData, good news indeed. @Jamiet Related blog posts: OData gunning for ubiquity across Microsoft products Share this post: email it! | bookmark it! | digg it! | reddit! | kick it! | live it!

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• ArchBeat Top 20 for March 11-17, 2012

  - by Bob Rhubart

  The 20 most-clicked links as shared via my social networks for the week of March 11-17, 2012. Start Small, Grow Fast: SOA Best Practices article by @biemond, @rluttikhuizen, @demed Packt Publishing offers discounts of up to 30% on 60+ Oracle titles IT Strategies from Oracle; Three Recipes for Oracle Service Bus 11g ; Stir Up Some SOA Oracle Cloud Conference: dates and locations worldwide Applications Architecture | Roy Hunter and Brian Rasmussen How Strategic is IT? - Assessing Strategic Value | Al Kiessel White Paper: An Architect’s Guide to Big Data | Dr. Helen Sun, Peter Heller Getting Started with Oracle Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 2 | Lenz Grimmer Great Solaris 10 features paving the way to Solaris 11 | Karoly Vegh Who the Linux Developer Met on His Way to St. Ives | Rick Ramsey Peripheral Responsibilities Required for Large IDM Build Outs (Including Fusion Apps) | Brian Eidelman IOUG Real World Performance Tour, w/Tom Kyte, Andrew Holdsworth, Graham Wood Configure IPoIB on Solaris 10 branded zone | Leo Yuen Oracle OpenWorld 2012 Call for Papers Use Case Assumptions versus Pre-Conditions | Dave Burke Handling Custom XML documents in Oracle B2B | @Biemond Building a Coherence Cluster with Multiple Application Servers | Rene van Wijk XMLA vs BAPI | Sunil S. Ranka The Java EE 6 Example - Running Galleria on WebLogic 12 - Part 3 | @MyFear Public Sector Architecture | @jeremy_forman, @hamzajahangir Thought for the Day "The goal of Computer Science is to build something that will last at least until we've finished building it." —Anonymous

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• /users/tags should contain scores

  - by Sean Patrick Floyd

  I am implementing some simple JavaScript/bookmarklet based apps that show some reputation info, including the score in the User's top tags (roughly based on this previous bookmarklet of mine). Now I can get a user's top tags (using the API), and I can also get the per-tag score if the user is logged in, by dynamically parsing the tag's top users page. But it costs me one AJAX request per tag and I have to download 10+k to extract a single numeric value. It would save a lot of traffic if the tags in <api>/users/<userid>/tags had a score field. The data seems to be there, after all the top users pages use it, so it would just be a question of exposing the data. Suggested structure: "tags": [ { "name": { "description": "name of the tag", "values": "string", "optional": false, "suggested_buffer_size": 25 }, "score": { "description": "tag score, sum of up votes for answers on non-wiki questions", "values": "32-bit signed integer", "optional": false }, "count": { "description": "tag count, exact meaning depends on context", "values": "32-bit signed integer", "optional": false }, "restricted_to": { "description": "user types that can make use of this tag, lack of this field indicates it is useable by all", "values": "one of anonymous, unregistered, registered, or moderator", "optional": true }, "fulfills_required": { "description": "indicates whether this tag is one of those that is required to be on a post", "values": "boolean", "optional": false }, "user_id": { "description": "user associated with this tag, depends on context", "values": "32-bit signed integer", "optional": true } } ]

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• jQuery ajax doesn't seem to be reading HTML data in Chromium

  - by Mahesh

  I have an HTML (App) file that reads another HTML (data) file via jQuery.ajax(). It then finds specific tags in the data HTML file and uses text within the tags to display sort-of tool tips. Here's the App HTML file: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US"> <head> <title>Test</title> <style type="text/css"> <!--/* <![CDATA[ */ body { font-family : sans-serif; font-size : medium; margin-bottom : 5em; } a, a:hover, a:visited { text-decoration : none; color : #2222aa; } a:hover { background-color : #eeeeee; } #stat_preview { position : absolute; background : #ccc; border : thin solid #aaa; padding : 3px; font-family : monospace; height : 2.5em; } /* ]]> */--> </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.4.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ $(document).ready(function() { $("#stat_preview").hide(); $(".cfg_lnk").mouseover(function () { lnk = $(this); $.ajax({ url: lnk.attr("href"), success: function (data) { console.log (data); $("#stat_preview").html("A heading<br>") .append($(".tool_tip_text", $(data)).slice(0,3).text()) .css('left', (lnk.offset().left + lnk.width() + 30)) .css('top', (lnk.offset().top + (lnk.height()/2))) .show(); } }); }).mouseout (function () { $("#stat_preview").hide(); }); }); //]]> </script> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> </head> <body> <h1>Test</h1> <ul> <li><a class="cfg_lnk" href="data.html">Sample data</a></li> </ul> <div id="stat_preview"></div> </body> </html> And here is the data HTML <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US"> <head> <title>Test</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> </head> <body> <h1>Test</h1> <table> <tr> <td class="tool_tip_text"> Some random value 1</td> <td class="tool_tip_text"> Some random value 2</td> <td class="tool_tip_text"> Some random value 3</td> <td class="tool_tip_text"> Some random value 4</td> <td class="tool_tip_text"> Some random value 5</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="tool_top_text"> Some random value 11</td> <td class="tool_top_text"> Some random value 21</td> <td class="tool_top_text"> Some random value 31</td> <td class="tool_top_text"> Some random value 41</td> <td class="tool_top_text"> Some random value 51</td> </tr> </table> </body> </html> This is working as intended in Firefox, but not in Chrome (Chromium 5.0.356.0). The console.log (data) displays empty string in Chromium's JavaScript console. Firebug in Firefox, however, displays the entire data HTML. Am I missing something? Any pointers?

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• Ubuntu server has slow performance

  - by Rich

  I have a custom built Ubuntu 11.04 server with a 6 disk software RAID 10 primary drive. On it I'm primarily running a PostgreSQL and a few other utilities that stream data from the web. I often find after a few hours of uptime the server starts to lag with all kinds of processes. For example, it may take 10-15 seconds after log-in to get a shell prompt. It might take 5-10 seconds for top to come up. An ls might take a second or two. When I look at top there is almost no CPU usage. There's a fair amount of memory used by the PostgreSQL server but not enough to bleed into swap. I have no idea where to go from here, other than to suspect the RAID10 (I've only ever had software RAID 1's before). Edit: Output from top: top - 11:56:03 up 1:46, 3 users, load average: 0.89, 0.73, 0.72 Tasks: 119 total, 1 running, 118 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.2%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 93.5%id, 6.2%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 16325596k total, 3478248k used, 12847348k free, 20880k buffers Swap: 19534176k total, 0k used, 19534176k free, 3041992k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 1747 woodsp 20 0 109m 10m 4888 S 1 0.1 0:42.70 python 357 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.40 jbd2/sda3-8 1 root 20 0 24324 2284 1344 S 0 0.0 0:00.84 init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd 3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.24 ksoftirqd/0 6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 7 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/0 8 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/1 10 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.02 ksoftirqd/1 12 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/1 13 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/2 14 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/2:0 15 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/2 16 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/2 17 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/3 18 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/3:0 19 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.02 ksoftirqd/3 20 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/3 21 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 cpuset 22 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 khelper 23 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kdevtmpfs 24 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 netns 26 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 sync_supers df -h rpsharp@ncp-skookum:~$ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 1.8T 549G 1.2T 32% / udev 7.8G 4.0K 7.8G 1% /dev tmpfs 3.2G 492K 3.2G 1% /run none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock none 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /run/shm /dev/sda2 952M 128K 952M 1% /boot/efi /dev/md0 5.5T 562G 4.7T 11% /usr/local free -m psharp@ncp-skookum:~$ free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 15942 3409 12533 0 20 2983 -/+ buffers/cache: 405 15537 Swap: 19076 0 19076 tail -50 /var/log/syslog Jul 3 06:31:32 ncp-skookum rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="5.8.6" x-pid="1070" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] rsyslogd was HUPed Jul 3 06:39:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14211]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -depth -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) ! -execdir fuser -s {} 2>/dev/null \; -delete) Jul 3 06:40:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14223]: (smmsp) CMD (test -x /etc/init.d/sendmail && /usr/share/sendmail/sendmail cron-msp) Jul 3 07:00:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14328]: (woodsp) CMD (/home/woodsp/bin/mail_tweetupdate # email an update) Jul 3 07:00:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14327]: (smmsp) CMD (test -x /etc/init.d/sendmail && /usr/share/sendmail/sendmail cron-msp) Jul 3 07:00:28 ncp-skookum sendmail[14356]: q63E0SoZ014356: from=woodsp, size=2328, class=0, nrcpts=2, msgid=<[email protected]>, relay=woodsp@localhost Jul 3 07:00:29 ncp-skookum sm-mta[14357]: q63E0Si6014357: from=<[email protected]>, size=2569, class=0, nrcpts=2, msgid=<[email protected]>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA-v4, relay=localhost [127.0.0.1] Jul 3 07:00:29 ncp-skookum sendmail[14356]: q63E0SoZ014356: to=Spencer Wood <[email protected]>,Martin Lacayo <[email protected]>, ctladdr=woodsp (1004/1005), delay=00:00:01, xdelay=00:00:01, mailer=relay, pri=62328, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (q63E0Si6014357 Message accepted for delivery) Jul 3 07:00:29 ncp-skookum sm-mta[14359]: STARTTLS=client, relay=mx3.stanford.edu., version=TLSv1/SSLv3, verify=FAIL, cipher=DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, bits=256/256 Jul 3 07:00:29 ncp-skookum sm-mta[14359]: q63E0Si6014357: to=<[email protected]>,<[email protected]>, ctladdr=<[email protected]> (1004/1005), delay=00:00:01, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=esmtp, pri=152569, relay=mx3.stanford.edu. [171.67.219.73], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (Ok: queued as 8F3505802AC) Jul 3 07:09:08 ncp-skookum CRON[14396]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -depth -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) ! -execdir fuser -s {} 2>/dev/null \; -delete) Jul 3 07:17:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14438]: (root) CMD ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly) Jul 3 07:20:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14453]: (smmsp) CMD (test -x /etc/init.d/sendmail && /usr/share/sendmail/sendmail cron-msp) Jul 3 07:39:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14551]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -depth -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) ! -execdir fuser -s {} 2>/dev/null \; -delete) Jul 3 07:40:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14562]: (smmsp) CMD (test -x /etc/init.d/sendmail && /usr/share/sendmail/sendmail cron-msp) Jul 3 08:00:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14668]: (smmsp) CMD (test -x /etc/init.d/sendmail && /usr/share/sendmail/sendmail cron-msp) Jul 3 08:09:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14724]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -depth -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) ! -execdir fuser -s {} 2>/dev/null \; -delete) Jul 3 08:17:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14766]: (root) CMD ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly) Jul 3 08:20:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14781]: (smmsp) CMD (test -x /etc/init.d/sendmail && /usr/share/sendmail/sendmail cron-msp) Jul 3 08:39:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14881]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -depth -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) ! -execdir fuser -s {} 2>/dev/null \; -delete) Jul 3 08:40:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14892]: (smmsp) CMD (test -x /etc/init.d/sendmail && /usr/share/sendmail/sendmail cron-msp) Output of hdparm -t /dev/sd{a,b,c,d,e,f} This looks suspicious? /dev/sda: Timing buffered disk reads: 2 MB in 4.84 seconds = 423.39 kB/sec /dev/sdb: Timing buffered disk reads: 420 MB in 3.01 seconds = 139.74 MB/sec /dev/sdc: Timing buffered disk reads: 390 MB in 3.00 seconds = 129.87 MB/sec /dev/sdd: Timing buffered disk reads: 416 MB in 3.00 seconds = 138.51 MB/sec /dev/sde: Timing buffered disk reads: 422 MB in 3.00 seconds = 140.50 MB/sec /dev/sdf: Timing buffered disk reads: 416 MB in 3.01 seconds = 138.26 MB/sec

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• CodePlex Daily Summary for Sunday, December 26, 2010

  CodePlex Daily Summary for Sunday, December 26, 2010Popular ReleasesNoSimplerAccounting: NoSimplerAccounting 6.0: -Fixed a bug in expense category report.Temporary Data Storage Folder: TDS Folder source code: This is latest version 0.2 Beta code. To know the password request at neutron.request@gmail.comNHibernate Mapping Generator: NHibernate Mapping Generator 2.0: Added support for Postgres (Thanks to Angelo)NewLife XCode: XCode v6.5.2010.1223 ????（????v3.5??）: XCode v6.5.2010.1223 ????，??： NewLife.Core ??? NewLife.Net ??? XControl ??? XTemplate ????，??C#?????? XAgent ???? NewLife.CommonEnitty ??????（???，XCode??????） XCode?? ?????????，??????????????????，?????95% XCode v3.5.2009.0714 ??，?v3.5?v6.0???????????????，?????????。v3.5???????????，??????????????。 XCoder ??XTemplate?????????，????????XCode??? XCoder_Src ???????（????XTemplate????），??????????????????Windows Workflow Foundation on Codeplex: Microsoft.Activities.UnitTesting 1.71: New in this release Episode as Tasks using the Task Parallel Library CHM Help file now included in release. StyleCop compliance is resulting in massive refatoring but should not cause breaking changes Breaking Change DefaultTimeout is now a TimeSpan Removed default parameters using int timeout = DefaultTimeout and added overloads insteadMiniTwitter: 1.64: MiniTwitter 1.64 ???? ?? 1.63 ??? URL ??????????????Ajax ASP.Net Forum: InSeCla Forum Software v0.1.9: *VERSION: 0.1.9* HAPPY CHRISTMAS FEATURES ADDED Added features customizabled per category level (Customize at ADMIN/Categories Tab) Allow Anonymous Threads, Allow Anonymous Post Virtual URLs (friendly urls) has finally added And you can have some forum (category) using virtual urls and other using normal urls. Check !, as this improve the SEO indexing results Moderation Instant On: Delete Thread, Move Thread Available to users being members of moderators or administrators InstantO...VivoSocial: VivoSocial 7.4.0: Please see changes: http://support.vivoware.com/project/ChangeLog.aspx?PROJID=48Umbraco CMS: Umbraco 4.6 Beta - codename JUNO: The Umbraco 4.6 beta (codename JUNO) release contains many new features focusing on an improved installation experience, a number of robust developer features, and contains more than 89 bug fixes since the 4.5.2 release. Improved installer experience Updated Starter Kits (Simple, Blog, Personal, Business) Beautiful, free, customizable skins included Skinning engine and Skin customization (see Skinning Documentation Kit) Default dashboards on install with hide option Updated Login t...SSH.NET Library: 2010.12.23: This release includes some bug fixes and few new fetures. Fixes Allow to retrieve big directory structures ssh-dss algorithm is fixed Populate sftp file attributes New Features Support for passhrase when private key is used Support added for diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256 and diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1 key exchange algorithms Allow to provide multiple key files for authentication Add support for "keyboard-interactive" authentication method...ASP.NET MVC SiteMap provider: MvcSiteMapProvider 2.3.0: Using NuGet?MvcSiteMapProvider is also listed in the NuGet feed. Learn more... Like the project? Consider a donation!Donate via PayPal via PayPal. Release notesThis will be the last release targeting ASP.NET MVC 2 and .NET 3.5. MvcSiteMapProvider 3.0.0 will be targeting ASP.NET MVC 3 and .NET 4 Web.config setting skipAssemblyScanOn has been deprecated in favor of excludeAssembliesForScan and includeAssembliesForScan ISiteMapNodeUrlResolver is now completely responsible for generating th...SuperSocket, an extensible socket application framework: SuperSocket 1.3 beta 2: Compared with SuperSocket 1.3 beta 1, the changes listed below have been done in SuperSocket 1.3 beta 2: added supports for .NET 3.5 replaced Logging Application Block of EntLib with Log4Net improved the code about logging fixed a bug in QuickStart sample project added IPv6 supportTibiaPinger: TibiaPinger v1.0: TibiaPinger v1.0Media Companion: Media Companion 3.400: Extract the entire archive to a folder which has user access rights, eg desktop, documents etc. A manual is included to get you startedMulticore Task Framework: MTF 1.0.1: Release 1.0.1 of Multicore Task Framework.SQL Monitor - tracking sql server activities: SQL Monitor 3.0 alpha 7: 1. added script save/load in user query window 2. fixed problem with connection dialog when choosing windows auth but still ask for user name 3. auto open user table when double click one table node 4. improved alert message, added log only methodEnhSim: EnhSim 2.2.6 ALPHA: 2.2.6 ALPHAThis release supports WoW patch 4.03a at level 85 To use this release, you must have the Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 Redistributable Package installed. This can be downloaded from http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/en/details.aspx?FamilyID=A7B7A05E-6DE6-4D3A-A423-37BF0912DB84 To use the GUI you must have the .NET 4.0 Framework installed. This can be downloaded from http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/en/details.aspx?FamilyID=9cfb2d51-5ff4-4491-b0e5-b386f32c0992 - Fixing up some r...ASP.NET MVC Project Awesome (jQuery Ajax helpers): 1.4.3: Helpers (controls) that you can use to build highly responsive and interactive Ajax-enabled Web applications. These helpers include Autocomplete, AjaxDropdown, Lookup, Confirm Dialog, Popup Form, Popup and Pager new stuff: Improvements for confirm, popup, popup form RenderView controller extension the user experience for crud in live demo has been substantially improved + added search all the features are shown in the live demoGanttPlanner: GanttPlanner V1.0: GanttPlanner V1.0 include GanttPlanner.dll and also a Demo application.N2 CMS: 2.1 release candidate 3: * Web platform installer support available N2 is a lightweight CMS framework for ASP.NET. It helps you build great web sites that anyone can update. Major Changes Support for auto-implemented properties ({get;set;}, based on contribution by And Poulsen) A bunch of bugs were fixed File manager improvements (multiple file upload, resize images to fit) New image gallery Infinite scroll paging on news Content templates First time with N2? Try the demo site Download one of the templ...New ProjectsA.I. Semantic Net Tests: A test using "semantic net" artificial intelligence developed in C++.Awesome.ClientID: Awesome.ClientID is a HTTPModule which serializes the ClientID of server controls, and page/usercontrol properties to a Json to make working with JavaScript easier without the need for outputting ClientID's. It's a solution for clean ClientIDs for .NET 2.0/3.5BitTweet: BitTweet is a fast, simple and easy to use Twitter client with tweeting, reading and writing functions included. It is know for being the most secure and fast Twitter client out there! It is written in Visual Basic .NET 2008. ~Tweet in a bit!CarRental001: carCrudo: CRUDO - The MCG (Model-Controller-Generator) CGF (Code Generation Framework) Visit The Project HomePage: http://adityayadav.com/CRUDO_The_MCG_Model_Controller_Generator_CGF_Code_Generation_Framework.aspx Licenses: 1) GPL v2 2) Commercial (contact us for information)Effeks: FX trading sample application sing prismEnhanced WebPart: Enhanced Webpart is a webpart with enhanced properties editor. It allows you display properties of most common types, and provides easy way to add custom controls to display your own types in webpart properties editor. Enhanced Webpart fully supports localization.Esteffin's graphic: Esercitazioni grafica 2010farasun: Source code Repository for farasun.wordpress.comGCTF: Desafio .NET Realizado na FACISAImgshow Plugin for Windows Live Writer: By using Imgshow Query you are able to publish multimedia content such as Youtube, Facebook Video, PDF, and other Imgshow supported service.Instant Messenger Using WPF and WCF: instant messenger using wcf and wpfjMenu: Create a dotnetnuke module that cover all kind of jquery menu pluginsMcopy API: Copy all files and directores in windows shell. Support long path (less then 32000 chars) and network path (eg. \\server\share or \\127.0.0.1\share)MOSSWebServices: This project contains code for interacting with the 21 web services provided by MOSS. This is targeted towards WSS developers This currently contains code to interact with "UserGroups" web service. I will keep adding code to interact with other MOSS web services soon. Nest Hub - Twitter Client: Nest Hub is a free Twitter client for PC. It's developed in VB.NET.Neural Networks Library: Neural networks Library by SefnajParallelism: Parallelism- Unified Parallel & Concurrency Framework Visit the Project HomePage: http://adityayadav.com/Parallelism.aspx Licenses: 1) GPL v2 2) Commercial (contact us for information)PDF IRM Protector For SharePoint 2007 And 2010: The PDF IRM Protector controls the conversion of PDF documents to their encrypted, rights-managed format and the decryption of PDF documents from their rights-managed format back to their original format. The project targets both SharePoint 2007 and 2010. PHP Form Validator - Isis: Project Isis simplifies the process of form validation for PHP. Offering a robust flag and function system, allowing you to encode the forms with the correct validation data and be done.Recycle Me: Open Source Project is to help and educate people in regarding reuse and recycling of daily life items. This is a Social project so we need funds for research and surveys. Volunteers are most welcome to contribute and certifications for their participation are available. ThanksSencha ExtJS Import Library for Script#: Script# import library for Sencha Ext JS Javascript Framework Separating Vertices: Given a graph as a collection of edges and vertices, it identifies the separating vertices, biconnected components, and edges. SIG - SISTEMA DE GESTÃO INTERNA: Projeto feito para a empresa MODEMTELECOM, consultoria em telecomunicoções.Smart Card COM: Smart Card COM Library, useful to access smart cards from a Web page in Internet ExplorerSocial Hub: Social HubStock Research: Test project for stocke researchtaokeba: ????????????????????，???????????。Temporary Data Storage Folder: This software creates a folder that stores temporary data that you want to store for temporary tasks. Temporary tasks such as storing a file that is to be deleted after some time. It automatically deleted those files on exit. Learn more at www.neutronsoftwares.weebly.comTukUI Updater: A OpenSource Windows Updater tool for the World of Warcraft(R) addon TukUI Developed in .NET 3.5 Discusion thread are found at the official TukUI forums: http://www.tukui.org/v2/forums/topic.php?id=4982 WebUtil: This is a project for using all of features by the web.

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• Partial Page Rendering in OAF Page

  - by PRajkumar

  Let us try to implement partial page rendering for a text item. If value of TextItem1 is null then TextItem2 will not be appreared on UI. If value of TextItem1 is not null then TextItem2 will be appreared on UI.   1. Create a New OA Workspace and Empty OA Project File> New > General> Workspace Configured for Oracle Applications File Name -- PPRProj Project Name – PPRDemoProj Default Package -- prajkumar.oracle.apps.fnd.pprdemo   2. Create Application Module AM PPRDemoProj right click > New > ADF Business Components > Application Module Name -- PPRAM Package -- prajkumar.oracle.apps.fnd.pprdemo.server   Check Application Module Class: PPRAMImpl Generate JavaFile(s)   3. Create a PPRVO View Object PPRDemoProj> New > ADF Business Components > View Objects Name – PPRVO Package – prajkumar.oracle.apps.fnd.pprdemo.server   In Attribute Page Click on New button and create transient primary key attribute with the following properties:   Attribute Property Name RowKey Type Number Updateable Always Key Attribute (Checked)   Click New button again and create transient attribute with the following properties:   Attribute Property Name TextItem2Render Type Boolean Updateable Always   Note – No Need to generate any JAVA files for PPRVO   4. Add Your View Object to Root UI Application Module Right click on PPRAM > Edit PPRAM > Data Model > Select PPRVO in Available View Objects list and shuttle to Data Model list   5. Create a OA components Page PPRDemoProj right click > New > OA Components > Page Name – PPRPG Package -- prajkumar.oracle.apps.fnd.pprdemo.webui   6. Modify the Page Layout (Top-level) Region   Attribute Property ID PageLayoutRN Region Style pageLayout Form Property True Auto Footer True Window Title PPR Demo Window Title True Title PPR Demo Page Header AM Definition prajkumar.oracle.apps.fnd.pprdemo.server.PPRAM   7. Create the Second Region (Main Content Region) Right click on PageLayoutRN > New > Region   Attribute Property ID MainRN Region Style messageComponentLayout   8. Create Two Text Items   Create First messageTextItem -- Right click on MainRN > New > messageTextInput   Attribute Property ID TextItem1 Region Style messageTextInput Prompt Text Item1 Length 20 Disable Server Side Validation True Disable Client Side Validation True Action Type firePartialAction Event TextItem1Change Submit True   Note -- Disable Client Side Validation and Event property appears after you set the Action Type property to firePartialAction   Create Second messageTextItem -- Select MainRN right click > New > messageTextInput   Attribute Property ID TextItem2 Region Style messageTextInput Prompt Text Item2 Length 20 Rendered ${oa.PPRVO1.TextItem2Render}   9. Add Following code in PPRAMImpl.java   import oracle.apps.fnd.framework.OARow; import oracle.apps.fnd.framework.OAViewObject; import oracle.apps.fnd.framework.server.OAApplicationModuleImpl; import oracle.apps.fnd.framework.server.OAViewObjectImpl; public void handlePPRAction()  {   Number val = 1;  OAViewObject vo = (OAViewObject)findViewObject("PPRVO1");  if (vo != null)   {    if (vo.getFetchedRowCount() == 0)    {     vo.setMaxFetchSize(0);     vo.executeQuery();     vo.insertRow(vo.createRow());     OARow row = (OARow)vo.first();            row.setAttribute("RowKey", val);    row.setAttribute("TextItem2Render", Boolean.FALSE);      }  } }   10. Implement Controller for Page Select PageLayoutRN in Structure pane right click > Set New Controller Package Name -- prajkumar.oracle.apps.fnd.pprdemo.webui Class Name – PPRCO   Write following code in processFormRequest function of PPRCO Controller   import oracle.apps.fnd.framework.OARow; import oracle.apps.fnd.framework.OAViewObject; public void processRequest(OAPageContext pageContext, OAWebBean webBean) {  super.processRequest(pageContext, webBean);  PPRAMImpl am = (PPRAMImpl)pageContext.getApplicationModule(webBean);      am.invokeMethod("handlePPRAction"); } public void processFormRequest(OAPageContext pageContext, OAWebBean webBean) {  super.processFormRequest(pageContext, webBean);        PPRAMImpl am = (PPRAMImpl)pageContext.getApplicationModule(webBean);  OAViewObject vo = (OAViewObject)am.findViewObject("PPRVO1");  OARow row = (OARow)vo.getCurrentRow();        if ("TextItem1Change".equals(pageContext.getParameter(EVENT_PARAM)))  {   if (pageContext.getParameter("TextItem1").equals(""))   {    row.setAttribute("TextItem2Render", Boolean.FALSE);   }   else   {    row.setAttribute("TextItem2Render", Boolean.TRUE);   }  } }   11. Congratulation you have successfully finished. Run Your PPRPG page and Test Your Work          

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• New Features in ASP.NET Web API 2 - Part I

  - by dwahlin

  I’m a big fan of ASP.NET Web API. It provides a quick yet powerful way to build RESTful HTTP services that can easily be consumed by a variety of clients. While it’s simple to get started using, it has a wealth of features such as filters, formatters, and message handlers that can be used to extend it when needed. In this post I’m going to provide a quick walk-through of some of the key new features in version 2. I’ll focus on some two of my favorite features that are related to routing and HTTP responses and cover additional features in a future post.   Attribute Routing Routing has been a core feature of Web API since it’s initial release and something that’s built into new Web API projects out-of-the-box. However, there are a few scenarios where defining routes can be challenging such as nested routes (more on that in a moment) and any situation where a lot of custom routes have to be defined. For this example, let’s assume that you’d like to define the following nested route:   /customers/1/orders   This type of route would select a customer with an Id of 1 and then return all of their orders. Defining this type of route in the standard WebApiConfig class is certainly possible, but it isn’t the easiest thing to do for people who don’t understand routing well. Here’s an example of how the route shown above could be defined:   public static class WebApiConfig { public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config) { config.Routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "CustomerOrdersApiGet", routeTemplate: "api/customers/{custID}/orders", defaults: new { custID = 0, controller = "Customers", action = "Orders" } ); config.Routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "DefaultApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional } ); GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters.Insert(0, new JsonpFormatter()); } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }   With attribute based routing, defining these types of nested routes is greatly simplified. To get started you first need to make a call to the new MapHttpAttributeRoutes() method in the standard WebApiConfig class (or a custom class that you may have created that defines your routes) as shown next:   public static class WebApiConfig { public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config) { // Allow for attribute based routes config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes(); config.Routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "DefaultApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional } ); } } Once attribute based routes are configured, you can apply the Route attribute to one or more controller actions. Here’s an example:   [HttpGet] [Route("customers/{custId:int}/orders")] public List<Order> Orders(int custId) { var orders = _Repository.GetOrders(custId); if (orders == null) { throw new HttpResponseException(new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.NotFound)); } return orders; }   This example maps the custId route parameter to the custId parameter in the Orders() method and also ensures that the route parameter is typed as an integer. The Orders() method can be called using the following route: /customers/2/orders   While this is extremely easy to use and gets the job done, it doesn’t include the default “api” string on the front of the route that you might be used to seeing. You could add “api” in front of the route and make it “api/customers/{custId:int}/orders” but then you’d have to repeat that across other attribute-based routes as well. To simply this type of task you can add the RoutePrefix attribute above the controller class as shown next so that “api” (or whatever the custom starting point of your route is) is applied to all attribute routes: [RoutePrefix("api")] public class CustomersController : ApiController { [HttpGet] [Route("customers/{custId:int}/orders")] public List<Order> Orders(int custId) { var orders = _Repository.GetOrders(custId); if (orders == null) { throw new HttpResponseException(new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.NotFound)); } return orders; } }   There’s much more that you can do with attribute-based routing in ASP.NET. Check out the following post by Mike Wasson for more details.   Returning Responses with IHttpActionResult The first version of Web API provided a way to return custom HttpResponseMessage objects which were pretty easy to use overall. However, Web API 2 now wraps some of the functionality available in version 1 to simplify the process even more. A new interface named IHttpActionResult (similar to ActionResult in ASP.NET MVC) has been introduced which can be used as the return type for Web API controller actions. To return a custom response you can use new helper methods exposed through ApiController such as: Ok NotFound Exception Unauthorized BadRequest Conflict Redirect InvalidModelState Here’s an example of how IHttpActionResult and the helper methods can be used to cleanup code. This is the typical way to return a custom HTTP response in version 1:   public HttpResponseMessage Delete(int id) { var status = _Repository.DeleteCustomer(id); if (status) { return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK); } else { throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); } } With version 2 we can replace HttpResponseMessage with IHttpActionResult and simplify the code quite a bit:   public IHttpActionResult Delete(int id) { var status = _Repository.DeleteCustomer(id); if (status) { //return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK); return Ok(); } else { //throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); return NotFound(); } } You can also cleanup post (insert) operations as well using the helper methods. Here’s a version 1 post action:   public HttpResponseMessage Post([FromBody]Customer cust) { var newCust = _Repository.InsertCustomer(cust); if (newCust != null) { var msg = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.Created); msg.Headers.Location = new Uri(Request.RequestUri + newCust.ID.ToString()); return msg; } else { throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.Conflict); } } This is what the code looks like in version 2:   public IHttpActionResult Post([FromBody]Customer cust) { var newCust = _Repository.InsertCustomer(cust); if (newCust != null) { return Created<Customer>(Request.RequestUri + newCust.ID.ToString(), newCust); } else { return Conflict(); } } More details on IHttpActionResult and the different helper methods provided by the ApiController base class can be found here. Conclusion Although there are several additional features available in Web API 2 that I could cover (CORS support for example), this post focused on two of my favorites features. If you have .NET 4.5.1 available then I definitely recommend checking the new features out. Additional articles that cover features in ASP.NET Web API 2 can be found here.

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• "ldap_add: Naming violation (64)" error when configuring OpenLDAP

  - by user3215

  I am following the Ubuntu server guide to configure OpenLDAP on an Ubuntu 10.04 server, but can not get it to work. When I try to use sudo ldapadd -x -D cn=admin,dc=don,dc=com -W -f frontend.ldif I'm getting the following error: Enter LDAP Password: <entered 'secret' as password> adding new entry "dc=don,dc=com" ldap_add: Naming violation (64) additional info: value of single-valued naming attribute 'dc' conflicts with value present in entry Again when I try to do the same, I'm getting the following error: root@avy-desktop:/home/avy# sudo ldapadd -x -D cn=admin,dc=don,dc=com -W -f frontend.ldif Enter LDAP Password: ldap_bind: Invalid credentials (49) Here is the backend.ldif file: # Load dynamic backend modules dn: cn=module,cn=config objectClass: olcModuleList cn: module olcModulepath: /usr/lib/ldap olcModuleload: back_hdb # Database settings dn: olcDatabase=hdb,cn=config objectClass: olcDatabaseConfig objectClass: olcHdbConfig olcDatabase: {1}hdb olcSuffix: dc=don,dc=com olcDbDirectory: /var/lib/ldap olcRootDN: cn=admin,dc=don,dc=com olcRootPW: secret olcDbConfig: set_cachesize 0 2097152 0 olcDbConfig: set_lk_max_objects 1500 olcDbConfig: set_lk_max_locks 1500 olcDbConfig: set_lk_max_lockers 1500 olcDbIndex: objectClass eq olcLastMod: TRUE olcDbCheckpoint: 512 30 olcAccess: to attrs=userPassword by dn="cn=admin,dc=don,dc=com" write by anonymous auth by self write by * none olcAccess: to attrs=shadowLastChange by self write by * read olcAccess: to dn.base="" by * read olcAccess: to * by dn="cn=admin,dc=don,dc=com" write by * read frontend.ldif file: # Create top-level object in domain dn: dc=don,dc=com objectClass: top objectClass: dcObject objectclass: organization o: Example Organization dc: Example description: LDAP Example # Admin user. dn: cn=admin,dc=don,dc=com objectClass: simpleSecurityObject objectClass: organizationalRole cn: admin description: LDAP administrator userPassword: secret dn: ou=people,dc=don,dc=com objectClass: organizationalUnit ou: people dn: ou=groups,dc=don,dc=com objectClass: organizationalUnit ou: groups dn: uid=john,ou=people,dc=don,dc=com objectClass: inetOrgPerson objectClass: posixAccount objectClass: shadowAccount uid: john sn: Doe givenName: John cn: John Doe displayName: John Doe uidNumber: 1000 gidNumber: 10000 userPassword: password gecos: John Doe loginShell: /bin/bash homeDirectory: /home/john shadowExpire: -1 shadowFlag: 0 shadowWarning: 7 shadowMin: 8 shadowMax: 999999 shadowLastChange: 10877 mail: [email protected] postalCode: 31000 l: Toulouse o: Example mobile: +33 (0)6 xx xx xx xx homePhone: +33 (0)5 xx xx xx xx title: System Administrator postalAddress: initials: JD dn: cn=example,ou=groups,dc=don,dc=com objectClass: posixGroup cn: example gidNumber: 10000 Can anyone help me?

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• Identity Claims Encoding for SharePoint

  - by Shawn Cicoria

  Just to remind myself, the list of claim types and their encodings are listed here at the bottom. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/gg481769.aspx Where for example: i:0#.w|contoso\scicoria ‘i’ = identity, could be ‘c’ for others # == SPClaimTypes.UserLogonName . == Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimValueTypes.String Table for reference: Table 1. Claim types encoding Character Claim Type ! SPClaimTypes.IdentityProvider ” SPClaimTypes.UserIdentifier # SPClaimTypes.UserLogonName $ SPClaimTypes.DistributionListClaimType % SPClaimTypes.FarmId & SPClaimTypes.ProcessIdentitySID ‘ SPClaimTypes.ProcessIdentityLogonName ( SPClaimTypes.IsAuthenticated ) Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.PrimarySid * Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.PrimaryGroupSid + Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.GroupSid - Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.Role . System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.Anonymous / System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.Authentication 0 System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.AuthorizationDecision 1 System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.Country 2 System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.DateOfBirth 3 System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.DenyOnlySid 4 System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.Dns 5 System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.Email 6 System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.Gender 7 System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.GivenName 8 System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.Hash 9 System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.HomePhone < System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.Locality = System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.MobilePhone > System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.Name ? System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier @ System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.OtherPhone [ System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.PostalCode \ System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.PPID ] System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.Rsa ^ System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.Sid _ System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.Spn ` System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.StateOrProvince a System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.StreetAddress b System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.Surname c System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.System d System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.Thumbprint e System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.Upn f System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.Uri g System.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimTypes.Webpage Table 2. Claim value types encoding Character Claim Type ! Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimValueTypes.Base64Binary “ Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimValueTypes.Boolean # Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimValueTypes.Date $ Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimValueTypes.Datetime % Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimValueTypes.DaytimeDuration & Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimValueTypes.Double ‘ Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimValueTypes.DsaKeyValue ( Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimValueTypes.HexBinary ) Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimValueTypes.Integer * Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimValueTypes.KeyInfo + Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimValueTypes.Rfc822Name - Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimValueTypes.RsaKeyValue . Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimValueTypes.String / Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimValueTypes.Time 0 Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimValueTypes.X500Name 1 Microsoft.IdentityModel.Claims.ClaimValueTypes.YearMonthDuration

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• GoodFil.ms Suggests New Movies Based on Friends’ Picks

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  Goodfil.ms is a movie suggestion engine that doesn’t suggest movies based on what the critics say or how many anonymous internet points a movie has received, but instead takes into account your personal tastes and the tastes of your friends. From the Goodfil.ms FAQ: Films are social. The best way to find movies is through the people you know. We’ve designed Goodfilms from the ground up to show you what your existing friends are watching and rating, and to focus on showing you what the people around you think about films instead of a random grab bag of “internet voters” or highly specialised critics. Their FAQ file is filled with links to detailed posts about the specifics of the process, so if you’re the curious type we strongly suggest checking it out. In addition to the social-ranking side of Goodfil.ms there’s an excellent “Recent Releases” section for major streaming services like iTunes, Netflix, and Amazon Prime–even if you don’t sign up for the social side of the site you can still keep an eye on the best new releases across the board. What To Do If You Get a Virus on Your Computer Why Enabling “Do Not Track” Doesn’t Stop You From Being Tracked HTG Explains: What is the Windows Page File and Should You Disable It?

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• The DOS DEBUG Environment

  - by MarkPearl

  Today I thought I would go back in time and have a look at the DEBUG command that has been available since the beginning of dawn in DOS, MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows. up to today I always knew it was there, but had no clue on how to use it so for those that are interested this might be a great geek party trick to pull out when you want the awe the younger generation and want to show them what “real” programming is about. But wait, you will have to do it relatively quickly as it seems like DEBUG was finally dumped from the Windows group in Windows 7. Not to worry, pull out that Windows XP box which will get you even more geek points and you can still poke DEBUG a bit. So, for those that are interested and want to find out a bit about the history of DEBUG read the wiki link here. That all put aside, lets get our hands dirty.. How to Start DEBUG in Windows Make sure your version of Windows supports DEBUG. Open up a console window Make a directory where you want to play with debug – in my instance I called it C221 Enter the directory and type Debug You will get a response with a – as illustrated in the image below…   The commands available in DEBUG There are several commands available in DEBUG. The most common ones are A (Assemble) R (Register) T (Trace) G (Go) D (Dump or Display) U (Unassemble) E (Enter) P (Proceed) N (Name) L (Load) W (Write) H (Hexadecimal) I (Input) O (Output) Q (Quit) I am not going to cover all these commands, but what I will do is go through a few of them briefly. A is for Assemble Command (to write code) The A command translates assembly language statements into machine code. It is quite useful for writing small assembly programs. Below I have written a very basic assembly program. The code typed out is as follows mov ax,0015 mov cx,0023 sub cx,ax mov [120],al mov cl,[120]A nop R is for Register (to jump to a point in memory) The r command turns out to be one of the most frequent commands you will use in DEBUG. It allows you to view the contents of registers and to change their values. It can be used with the following combinations… R – Displays the contents of all the registers R f – Displays the flags register R register_name – Displays the contents of a specific register All three methods are illustrated in the image above T is for Trace (To execute a program step by step) The t command allows us to execute the program step by step. Before we can trace the program we need to point back to the beginning of the program. We do this by typing in r ip, which moves us back to memory point 100. We then type trace which executes the first line of code (line 100) (As shown in the image below starting from the red arrow). You can see from the above image that the register AX now contains 0015 as per our instruction mov ax,0015 You can also see that the IP points to line 0103 which has the MOV CX,0023 command If we type t again it will now execute the second line of the program which moves 23 in the cx register. Again, we can see that the line of code was executed and that the CX register now holds the value of 23. What I would like to highlight now is the section underlined in red. These are the status flags. The ones we are going to look at now are 1st (NV), 4th (PL), 5th (NZ) & 8th (NC) NV means no overflow, the alternate would be OV PL means that the sign of the previous arithmetic operation was Plus, the alternate would be NG (Negative) NZ means that the results of the previous arithmetic operation operation was Not Zero, the alternate would be ZR NC means that No final Carry resulted from the previous arithmetic operation. CY means that there was a final Carry. We could now follow this process of entering the t command until the entire program is executed line by line. G is for Go (To execute a program up to a certain line number) So we have looked at executing a program line by line, which is fine if your program is minuscule BUT totally unpractical if we have any decent sized program. A quicker way to run some lines of code is to use the G command. The ‘g’ command executes a program up to a certain specified point. It can be used in connection with the the reset IP command. You would set your initial point and then run the G command with the line you want to end on. P is for Proceed (Similar to trace but slightly more streamlined) Another command similar to trace is the proceed command. All that the p command does is if it is called and it encounters a CALL, INT or LOOP command it terminates the program execution. In the example below I modified our example program to include an int 20 at the end of it as illustrated in the image below… Then when executing the code when I encountered the int 20 command I typed the P command and the program terminated normally (illustrated below). D is for Dump (or for those more polite Display) So, we have all these assembly lines of code, but if you have ever opened up an exe or com file in a text/hex editor, it looks nothing like assembly code. The D command is a way that we can see what our code looks like in memory (or in a hex editor). If we examined the image above, we can see that Debug is storing our assembly code with each instruction following immediately after the previous one. For instance in memory address 110 we have int and 111 we have 20. If we examine the dump of memory we can see at memory point 110 CD is stored and at memory point 111 20 is stored. U is for Unassemble (or Convert Machine code to Assembly Code) So up to now we have gone through a bunch of commands, but probably one of the most useful is the U command. Let’s say we don’t understand machine code so well and so instead we want to see it in its equivalent assembly code. We can type the U command followed by the start memory point, followed by the end memory point and it will show us the assembly code equivalent of the machine code. E is for a bunch of things… The E command can be used for a bunch of things… One example is to enter data or machine code instructions directly into memory. It can also be used to display the contents of memory locations. I am not going to worry to much about it in this post. N / L / W is for Name, Load & Write So we have written out assembly code in debug, and now we want to save it to disk, or write it as a com file or load it. This is where the N, L & W command come in handy. The n command is used to give a name to the executable program file and is pretty simple to use. The w command is a bit trickier. It saves to disk all the memory between point bx and point cx so you need to specify the bx memory address and the cx memory address for it to write your code. Let’s look at an example illustrated below. You do this by calling the r command followed by the either bx or cx. We can then go to the directory where we were working and will see the new file with the name we specified. The L command is relatively simple. You would first specify the name of the file you would like to load using the N command, and then call the L command. Q is for Quit The last command that I am going to write about in this post is the Q command. Simply put, calling the Q command exits DEBUG. Commands we did not Cover Out of the standard DEBUG commands we covered A, T, G, D, U, E, P, R, N, L & W. The ones we did not cover were H, I & O – I might make mention of these in a later post, but for the basics they are not really needed. Some Useful Resources Please note this post is based on the COS2213 handouts for UNISA A Guide to DEBUG - http://mirror.href.com/thestarman/asm/debug/debug.htm#NT

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• Generic Http Module

  - by MartinF

  The problem I am trying to make a generic http module in asp.net C# for handling roles defined by an enum which i want to be able to change by a generic parameter. This will make it possible to use the generic module with any kind of enum defined for each project. The module hooks into the Authenticate event of the FormsAuthenticationModule, and is called on each request to the website. The module exposes public events which could be defined in the global.asax. But i cant seem to figure out how to make the generic http module work like a non generic module. There is 3 main problems. I cant register the generic http module in the web.config like any other module as i cant specify the generic parameter, or is possible somehow ? The way to solve that as far as i can figure out is to create a non-generic http module that intializes the generic HttpModule (the generic parameter is defined in a custom section for the module in the web.config). But that introduces the next problem. I cant find out how to make the public events exposed by the generic module available to hook into through the global.asax as you would normally do with a non-generic module by just making a public method with the name like ModuleClassName_PublicEventName. The init() method on the http module gets an reference to the HttpApplication object created in the global.asax. I dont know if it somehow could be possible with reflection to search for the methods and if they are defined in the global.asax (HttpApplication super class) hook them up with the correct event handler ? or if any methods on the HttpApplication object can be used? How would i store and later get a reference to the generic module created in the non-generic module ? I can get the non-generic module with HttpContext.Current.ApplicationInstance.Modules.Get("TheModule"); but is there any way i can store a reference to the generic module in the non-generic module (cant figure out how it should be possible), or store it somewhere else so i can always get it? If I can get a reference to the generic module from the global.asax etc. the events mentioned in nr. 2 can be manually wired to the methods. Thoughts and other possible solutions Instead of registering the module in the web.config it can be manually initialized by overridding the Init method of the HttpApplication and calling the Init method on the module. But that will introduce some new problems. The module will no longer be added to the the ModulesCollection. So I will need to store a reference somewhere else. This could be done with a property in the global.asax, and by implementing an interface, or by creating an generic abstract base type inheriting from HttpApplication, that the global.asax could inherit from. In the generic abstract base type i could also override the init method. It will still not automatically hook up methods in the global.asax with events in the generic module. If it is possible with reflection to search for defined methods in the super type of the HttpApplication it could be automatically done that way. But i can wire the methods in the global.asax with the events in the generic module manually either in the Init method or anywhere else by getting reference to the generic module. It doesnst really need to implement the IHttpModule interface if i choose to manually initalize the generic module. I could just aswell move all the code to the abstract base type inheriting from the HttpApplication. I would prefer to register the module simply by defining it in the web.config as it will be the easiest and most natural / logical solution. Also it would be great if it could be kept as a HttpModule instead of having to define a an abstract base type inheriting from HttpApplication, else it will be more thighed up and not as loose and plugable as i wanted it to be (but maybe it is not possible). Another alternative would be to make it all static. As far as i can figure out i would have to somehow make sure that only one method can be added to the public static events, so it wont add a reference each time a new instance of the global.asax is created. I simply cant find out what is the best solution. I have been messing around with this and thinking about it for days now. Maybe there is an option that i havent thought of ? Hope anyone out there can help me.

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• Networking in VirtualBox

  - by Fat Bloke

  Networking in VirtualBox is extremely powerful, but can also be a bit daunting, so here's a quick overview of the different ways you can setup networking in VirtualBox, with a few pointers as to which configurations should be used and when. VirtualBox allows you to configure up to 8 virtual NICs (Network Interface Controllers) for each guest vm (although only 4 are exposed in the GUI) and for each of these NICs you can configure: Which virtualized NIC-type is exposed to the Guest. Examples include: Intel PRO/1000 MT Server (82545EM),  AMD PCNet FAST III (Am79C973, the default) or  a Paravirtualized network adapter (virtio-net). How the NIC operates with respect to your Host's physical networking. The main modes are: Network Address Translation (NAT) Bridged networking Internal networking Host-only networking NAT with Port-forwarding The choice of NIC-type comes down to whether the guest has drivers for that NIC.  VirtualBox, suggests a NIC based on the guest OS-type that you specify during creation of the vm, and you rarely need to modify this. But the choice of networking mode depends on how you want to use your vm (client or server) and whether you want other machines on your network to see it. So let's look at each mode in a bit more detail... Network Address Translation (NAT) This is the default mode for new vm's and works great in most situations when the Guest is a "client" type of vm. (i.e. most network connections are outbound). Here's how it works: When the guest OS boots,  it typically uses DHCP to get an IP address. VirtualBox will field this DHCP request and tell the guest OS its assigned IP address and the gateway address for routing outbound connections. In this mode, every vm is assigned the same IP address (10.0.2.15) because each vm thinks they are on their own isolated network. And when they send their traffic via the gateway (10.0.2.2) VirtualBox rewrites the packets to make them appear as though they originated from the Host, rather than the Guest (running inside the Host). This means that the Guest will work even as the Host moves from network to network (e.g. laptop moving between locations), and from wireless to wired connections too. However, how does another computer initiate a connection into a Guest?  e.g. connecting to a web server running in the Guest. This is not (normally) possible using NAT mode as there is no route into the Guest OS. So for vm's running servers we need a different networking mode.... Bridged Networking Bridged Networking is used when you want your vm to be a full network citizen, i.e. to be an equal to your host machine on the network. In this mode, a virtual NIC is "bridged" to a physical NIC on your host, like this: The effect of this is that each VM has access to the physical network in the same way as your host. It can access any service on the network such as external DHCP services, name lookup services, and routing information just as the host does. Logically, the network looks like this: The downside of this mode is that if you run many vm's you can quickly run out of IP addresses or your network administrator gets fed up with you asking for statically assigned IP addresses. Secondly, if your host has multiple physical NICs (e.g. Wireless and Wired) you must reconfigure the bridge when your host jumps networks.  Hmm, so what if you want to run servers in vm's but don't want to involve your network administrator? Maybe one of the next 2 modes is for you... Internal Networking When you configure one or more vm's to sit on an Internal network, VirtualBox ensures that all traffic on that network stays within the host and is only visible to vm's on that virtual network. Configuration looks like this: The internal network ( in this example "intnet" ) is a totally isolated network and so is very "quiet". This is good for testing when you need a separate, clean network, and you can create sophisticated internal networks with vm's that provide their own services to the internal network. (e.g. Active Directory, DHCP, etc). Note that not even the Host is a member of the internal network, but this mode allows vm's to function even when the Host is not connected to a network (e.g. on a plane). Note that in this mode, VirtualBox provides no "convenience" services such as DHCP, so your machines must be statically configured or one of the vm's needs to provide a DHCP/Name service. Multiple internal networks are possible and you can configure vm's to have multiple NICs to sit across internal and other network modes and thereby provide routes if needed. But all this sounds tricky. What if you want an Internal Network that the host participates on with VirtualBox providing IP addresses to the Guests? Ah, then for this, you might want to consider Host-only Networking... Host-only Networking Host-only Networking is like Internal Networking in that you indicate which network the Guest sits on, in this case, "vboxnet0": All vm's sitting on this "vboxnet0" network will see each other, and additionally, the host can see these vm's too. However, other external machines cannot see Guests on this network, hence the name "Host-only". Logically, the network looks like this: This looks very similar to Internal Networking but the host is now on "vboxnet0" and can provide DHCP services. To configure how a Host-only network behaves, look in the VirtualBox Manager...Preferences...Network dialog: Port-Forwarding with NAT Networking Now you may think that we've provided enough modes here to handle every eventuality but here's just one more... What if you cart around a mobile-demo or dev environment on, say, a laptop and you have one or more vm's that you need other machines to connect into? And you are continually hopping onto different (customer?) networks. In this scenario: NAT - won't work because external machines need to connect in. Bridged - possibly an option, but does your customer want you eating IP addresses and can your software cope with changing networks? Internal - we need the vm(s) to be visible on the network, so this is no good. Host-only - same problem as above, we want external machines to connect in to the vm's. Enter Port-forwarding to save the day! Configure your vm's to use NAT networking; Add Port Forwarding rules; External machines connect to "host":"port number" and connections are forwarded by VirtualBox to the guest:port number specified. For example, if your vm runs a web server on port 80, you could set up rules like this:  ...which reads: "any connections on port 8080 on the Host will be forwarded onto this vm's port 80".  This provides a mobile demo system which won't need re-configuring every time you open your laptop lid. Summary VirtualBox has a very powerful set of options allowing you to set up almost any configuration your heart desires. For more information, check out the VirtualBox User Manual on Virtual Networking. -FB 

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• Static background noise while using new headset Ubuntu 13.04

  - by ThundLayr

  Today I bought a new gaming headset (Gx-Gaming Lychas), and when I tried to record some gameplay-comentary I noticed that there always is a static background noise, I just recorded an example so you guys can listen it (no downloaded needed): http://www47.zippyshare.com/v/65167832/file.html I'm using Kubuntu 13.04 and Kernel version is 3.8.0-19, my laptop is an Acer Travelmate 5760Z, I tried tons of configurations on Alsamixer and none of them made result, I really need to get this working so any kind of help will be very aprecciated. cat /proc/asound/cards: 0 [PCH ]: HDA-Intel - HDA Intel PCH HDA Intel PCH at 0xc6400000 irq 44 cat /proc/asound/card0/codec#0 Codec: Conexant CX20588 Address: 0 AFG Function Id: 0x1 (unsol 1) Vendor Id: 0x14f1506c Subsystem Id: 0x10250574 Revision Id: 0x100003 No Modem Function Group found Default PCM: rates [0x160]: 44100 48000 96000 bits [0xe]: 16 20 24 formats [0x1]: PCM Default Amp-In caps: N/A Default Amp-Out caps: N/A State of AFG node 0x01: Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold CLKSTOP EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 GPIO: io=4, o=0, i=0, unsolicited=1, wake=0 IO[0]: enable=0, dir=0, wake=0, sticky=0, data=0, unsol=0 IO[1]: enable=0, dir=0, wake=0, sticky=0, data=0, unsol=0 IO[2]: enable=0, dir=0, wake=0, sticky=0, data=0, unsol=0 IO[3]: enable=0, dir=0, wake=0, sticky=0, data=0, unsol=0 Node 0x10 [Audio Output] wcaps 0xc1d: Stereo Amp-Out R/L Control: name="Headphone Playback Volume", index=0, device=0 ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0 Control: name="Headphone Playback Switch", index=0, device=0 ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0 Device: name="CX20588 Analog", type="Audio", device=0 Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x4a, nsteps=0x4a, stepsize=0x03, mute=1 Amp-Out vals: [0x4a 0x4a] Converter: stream=8, channel=0 PCM: rates [0x560]: 44100 48000 96000 192000 bits [0xe]: 16 20 24 formats [0x1]: PCM Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x11 [Audio Output] wcaps 0xc1d: Stereo Amp-Out R/L Control: name="Speaker Playback Volume", index=0, device=0 ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0 Control: name="Speaker Playback Switch", index=0, device=0 ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0 Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x4a, nsteps=0x4a, stepsize=0x03, mute=1 Amp-Out vals: [0x80 0x80] Converter: stream=8, channel=0 PCM: rates [0x560]: 44100 48000 96000 192000 bits [0xe]: 16 20 24 formats [0x1]: PCM Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x12 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x611: Stereo Digital Converter: stream=0, channel=0 Digital: Digital category: 0x0 IEC Coding Type: 0x0 PCM: rates [0x160]: 44100 48000 96000 bits [0xe]: 16 20 24 formats [0x5]: PCM AC3 Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x13 [Beep Generator Widget] wcaps 0x70000c: Mono Amp-Out Control: name="Beep Playback Volume", index=0, device=0 ControlAmp: chs=1, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0 Control: name="Beep Playback Switch", index=0, device=0 ControlAmp: chs=1, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0 Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x07, nsteps=0x07, stepsize=0x0f, mute=0 Amp-Out vals: [0x00] Node 0x14 [Audio Input] wcaps 0x100d1b: Stereo Amp-In R/L Control: name="Capture Volume", index=0, device=0 ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0 Control: name="Capture Switch", index=0, device=0 ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0 Device: name="CX20588 Analog", type="Audio", device=0 Amp-In caps: ofs=0x4a, nsteps=0x50, stepsize=0x03, mute=1 Amp-In vals: [0x50 0x50] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] Converter: stream=4, channel=0 SDI-Select: 0 PCM: rates [0x160]: 44100 48000 96000 bits [0xe]: 16 20 24 formats [0x1]: PCM Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 4 0x17* 0x18 0x23 0x24 Node 0x15 [Audio Input] wcaps 0x100d1b: Stereo Amp-In R/L Amp-In caps: ofs=0x4a, nsteps=0x50, stepsize=0x03, mute=1 Amp-In vals: [0x4a 0x4a] [0x4a 0x4a] [0x4a 0x4a] [0x4a 0x4a] Converter: stream=0, channel=0 SDI-Select: 0 PCM: rates [0x160]: 44100 48000 96000 bits [0xe]: 16 20 24 formats [0x1]: PCM Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 4 0x17* 0x18 0x23 0x24 Node 0x16 [Audio Input] wcaps 0x100d1b: Stereo Amp-In R/L Amp-In caps: ofs=0x4a, nsteps=0x50, stepsize=0x03, mute=1 Amp-In vals: [0x4a 0x4a] [0x4a 0x4a] [0x4a 0x4a] [0x4a 0x4a] Converter: stream=0, channel=0 SDI-Select: 0 PCM: rates [0x160]: 44100 48000 96000 bits [0xe]: 16 20 24 formats [0x1]: PCM Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 4 0x17* 0x18 0x23 0x24 Node 0x17 [Audio Selector] wcaps 0x30050d: Stereo Amp-Out Control: name="Mic Boost Volume", index=0, device=0 ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0 Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x04, stepsize=0x27, mute=0 Amp-Out vals: [0x04 0x04] Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 4 0x1a 0x1b* 0x1d 0x1e Node 0x18 [Audio Selector] wcaps 0x30050d: Stereo Amp-Out Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x04, stepsize=0x27, mute=0 Amp-Out vals: [0x00 0x00] Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 4 0x1a* 0x1b 0x1d 0x1e Node 0x19 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400581: Stereo Control: name="Headphone Jack", index=0, device=0 Pincap 0x0000001c: OUT HP Detect Pin Default 0x04214040: [Jack] HP Out at Ext Right Conn = 1/8, Color = Green DefAssociation = 0x4, Sequence = 0x0 Pin-ctls: 0xc0: OUT HP Unsolicited: tag=01, enabled=1 Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 2 0x10* 0x11 Node 0x1a [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400481: Stereo Control: name="Internal Mic Phantom Jack", index=0, device=0 Pincap 0x00001324: IN Detect Vref caps: HIZ 50 80 Pin Default 0x90a70130: [Fixed] Mic at Int N/A Conn = Analog, Color = Unknown DefAssociation = 0x3, Sequence = 0x0 Misc = NO_PRESENCE Pin-ctls: 0x24: IN VREF_80 Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x1b [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400581: Stereo Control: name="Mic Jack", index=0, device=0 Pincap 0x00011334: IN OUT EAPD Detect Vref caps: HIZ 50 80 EAPD 0x0: Pin Default 0x04a19020: [Jack] Mic at Ext Right Conn = 1/8, Color = Pink DefAssociation = 0x2, Sequence = 0x0 Pin-ctls: 0x24: IN VREF_80 Unsolicited: tag=02, enabled=1 Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 2 0x10* 0x11 Node 0x1c [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400581: Stereo Pincap 0x00000014: OUT Detect Pin Default 0x40f001f0: [N/A] Other at Ext N/A Conn = Unknown, Color = Unknown DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0 Misc = NO_PRESENCE Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 2 0x10* 0x11 Node 0x1d [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400581: Stereo Pincap 0x00010034: IN OUT EAPD Detect EAPD 0x0: Pin Default 0x40f001f0: [N/A] Other at Ext N/A Conn = Unknown, Color = Unknown DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0 Misc = NO_PRESENCE Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 2 0x10* 0x11 Node 0x1e [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400481: Stereo Pincap 0x00000024: IN Detect Pin Default 0x40f001f0: [N/A] Other at Ext N/A Conn = Unknown, Color = Unknown DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0 Misc = NO_PRESENCE Pin-ctls: 0x00: Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x1f [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400501: Stereo Control: name="Speaker Phantom Jack", index=0, device=0 Pincap 0x00000010: OUT Pin Default 0x92170110: [Fixed] Speaker at Int Front Conn = Analog, Color = Unknown DefAssociation = 0x1, Sequence = 0x0 Misc = NO_PRESENCE Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 2 0x10 0x11* Node 0x20 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400781: Stereo Digital Pincap 0x00000010: OUT Pin Default 0x40f001f0: [N/A] Other at Ext N/A Conn = Unknown, Color = Unknown DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0 Misc = NO_PRESENCE Pin-ctls: 0x00: Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 1 0x12 Node 0x21 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x611: Stereo Digital Converter: stream=0, channel=0 Digital: Digital category: 0x0 IEC Coding Type: 0x0 PCM: rates [0x160]: 44100 48000 96000 bits [0xe]: 16 20 24 formats [0x5]: PCM AC3 Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x22 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400781: Stereo Digital Pincap 0x00000010: OUT Pin Default 0x40f001f0: [N/A] Other at Ext N/A Conn = Unknown, Color = Unknown DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0 Misc = NO_PRESENCE Pin-ctls: 0x00: Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 1 0x21 Node 0x23 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40040b: Stereo Amp-In Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x04, stepsize=0x2f, mute=0 Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00] Pincap 0x00000020: IN Pin Default 0x40f001f0: [N/A] Other at Ext N/A Conn = Unknown, Color = Unknown DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0 Misc = NO_PRESENCE Pin-ctls: 0x00: Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x24 [Audio Mixer] wcaps 0x20050b: Stereo Amp-In Amp-In caps: ofs=0x4a, nsteps=0x4a, stepsize=0x03, mute=1 Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00] [0x00 0x00] Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 D3cold EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 2 0x10 0x11 Node 0x25 [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono

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• LINQ: Enhancing Distinct With The PredicateEqualityComparer

  - by Paulo Morgado

  Today I was writing a LINQ query and I needed to select distinct values based on a comparison criteria. Fortunately, LINQ’s Distinct method allows an equality comparer to be supplied, but, unfortunately, sometimes, this means having to write custom equality comparer. Because I was going to need more than one equality comparer for this set of tools I was building, I decided to build a generic equality comparer that would just take a custom predicate. Something like this: public class PredicateEqualityComparer<T> : EqualityComparer<T> { private Func<T, T, bool> predicate; public PredicateEqualityComparer(Func<T, T, bool> predicate) : base() { this.predicate = predicate; } public override bool Equals(T x, T y) { if (x != null) { return ((y != null) && this.predicate(x, y)); } if (y != null) { return false; } return true; } public override int GetHashCode(T obj) { if (obj == null) { return 0; } return obj.GetHashCode(); } } Now I can write code like this: .Distinct(new PredicateEqualityComparer<Item>((x, y) => x.Field == y.Field)) But I felt that I’d lost all conciseness and expressiveness of LINQ and it doesn’t support anonymous types. So I came up with another Distinct extension method: public static IEnumerable<TSource> Distinct<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, TSource, bool> predicate) { return source.Distinct(new PredicateEqualityComparer<TSource>(predicate)); } And the query is now written like this: .Distinct((x, y) => x.Field == y.Field) Looks a lot better, doesn’t it?

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• Why does display:table-cell not center content without display:table?

  - by Samuel

  I'm looking for the most efficient (or elegant) way to vertically and horizontally center content of variable height. I've come up with this: http://cssdeck.com/t/2veysdkg/16, which uses css tables to vertically center the main content. My demands for writing this particular piece of code were: Must be able to center variable and fixed width content vertically and horizontally Centered content must be inside the normal document flow (so no overlapping) Sticky footer and normal header of 100% width As few hacks, ugly code or non-semantic html as possible I didn't care about support for IE6, IE7 (I'll use a different stylesheet for them) The weird thing is that the demands above are only met when the header and footer are set to table-row, and the body-tag to display:table. Which is weird because as I understand it the css will generate anonymous table elements when parent table elements are missing. So table-cell should work without all the surrounding elements, but yet I've not been able to make it work. If it were up to me I would prefer to not mess with the display mode for the body tag, and leave the header and footer on display:block. But I've not been able to make it work. Does anyone understand why this doesn't work?

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• How to Configure OpenLDAP on Ubuntu 10.04 Server

  - by user3215

  I am following the Ubuntu server guide to configure OpenLDAP on an Ubuntu 10.04 server, but can not get it to work. When I try to use sudo ldapadd -x -D cn=admin,dc=don,dc=com -W -f frontend.ldif I'm getting the following error: Enter LDAP Password: <entered 'secret' as password> adding new entry "dc=don,dc=com" ldap_add: Naming violation (64) additional info: value of single-valued naming attribute 'dc' conflicts with value present in entry Again when I try to do the same, I'm getting the following error: root@avy-desktop:/home/avy# sudo ldapadd -x -D cn=admin,dc=don,dc=com -W -f frontend.ldif Enter LDAP Password: ldap_bind: Invalid credentials (49) Here is the backend.ldif file: # Load dynamic backend modules dn: cn=module,cn=config objectClass: olcModuleList cn: module olcModulepath: /usr/lib/ldap olcModuleload: back_hdb # Database settings dn: olcDatabase=hdb,cn=config objectClass: olcDatabaseConfig objectClass: olcHdbConfig olcDatabase: {1}hdb olcSuffix: dc=don,dc=com olcDbDirectory: /var/lib/ldap olcRootDN: cn=admin,dc=don,dc=com olcRootPW: secret olcDbConfig: set_cachesize 0 2097152 0 olcDbConfig: set_lk_max_objects 1500 olcDbConfig: set_lk_max_locks 1500 olcDbConfig: set_lk_max_lockers 1500 olcDbIndex: objectClass eq olcLastMod: TRUE olcDbCheckpoint: 512 30 olcAccess: to attrs=userPassword by dn="cn=admin,dc=don,dc=com" write by anonymous auth by self write by * none olcAccess: to attrs=shadowLastChange by self write by * read olcAccess: to dn.base="" by * read olcAccess: to * by dn="cn=admin,dc=don,dc=com" write by * read frontend.ldif file: # Create top-level object in domain dn: dc=don,dc=com objectClass: top objectClass: dcObject objectclass: organization o: Example Organization dc: Example description: LDAP Example # Admin user. dn: cn=admin,dc=don,dc=com objectClass: simpleSecurityObject objectClass: organizationalRole cn: admin description: LDAP administrator userPassword: secret dn: ou=people,dc=don,dc=com objectClass: organizationalUnit ou: people dn: ou=groups,dc=don,dc=com objectClass: organizationalUnit ou: groups dn: uid=john,ou=people,dc=don,dc=com objectClass: inetOrgPerson objectClass: posixAccount objectClass: shadowAccount uid: john sn: Doe givenName: John cn: John Doe displayName: John Doe uidNumber: 1000 gidNumber: 10000 userPassword: password gecos: John Doe loginShell: /bin/bash homeDirectory: /home/john shadowExpire: -1 shadowFlag: 0 shadowWarning: 7 shadowMin: 8 shadowMax: 999999 shadowLastChange: 10877 mail: [email protected] postalCode: 31000 l: Toulouse o: Example mobile: +33 (0)6 xx xx xx xx homePhone: +33 (0)5 xx xx xx xx title: System Administrator postalAddress: initials: JD dn: cn=example,ou=groups,dc=don,dc=com objectClass: posixGroup cn: example gidNumber: 10000 Can anyone help me?

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