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  • Columnstore Case Study #1: MSIT SONAR Aggregations

    - by aspiringgeek
    Preamble This is the first in a series of posts documenting big wins encountered using columnstore indexes in SQL Server 2012 & 2014.  Many of these can be found in this deck along with details such as internals, best practices, caveats, etc.  The purpose of sharing the case studies in this context is to provide an easy-to-consume quick-reference alternative. Why Columnstore? If we’re looking for a subset of columns from one or a few rows, given the right indexes, SQL Server can do a superlative job of providing an answer. If we’re asking a question which by design needs to hit lots of rows—DW, reporting, aggregations, grouping, scans, etc., SQL Server has never had a good mechanism—until columnstore. Columnstore indexes were introduced in SQL Server 2012. However, they're still largely unknown. Some adoption blockers existed; yet columnstore was nonetheless a game changer for many apps.  In SQL Server 2014, potential blockers have been largely removed & they're going to profoundly change the way we interact with our data.  The purpose of this series is to share the performance benefits of columnstore & documenting columnstore is a compelling reason to upgrade to SQL Server 2014. App: MSIT SONAR Aggregations At MSIT, performance & configuration data is captured by SCOM. We archive much of the data in a partitioned data warehouse table in SQL Server 2012 for reporting via an application called SONAR.  By definition, this is a primary use case for columnstore—report queries requiring aggregation over large numbers of rows.  New data is refreshed each night by an automated table partitioning mechanism—a best practices scenario for columnstore. The Win Compared to performance using classic indexing which resulted in the expected query plan selection including partition elimination vs. SQL Server 2012 nonclustered columnstore, query performance increased significantly.  Logical reads were reduced by over a factor of 50; both CPU & duration improved by factors of 20 or more.  Other than creating the columnstore index, no special modifications or tweaks to the app or databases schema were necessary to achieve the performance improvements.  Existing nonclustered indexes were rendered superfluous & were deleted, thus mitigating maintenance challenges such as defragging as well as conserving disk capacity. Details The table provides the raw data & summarizes the performance deltas. Logical Reads (8K pages) CPU (ms) Durn (ms) Columnstore 160,323 20,360 9,786 Conventional Table & Indexes 9,053,423 549,608 193,903 ? x56 x27 x20 The charts provide additional perspective of this data.  "Conventional vs. Columnstore Metrics" document the raw data.  Note on this linear display the magnitude of the conventional index performance vs. columnstore.  The “Metrics (?)” chart expresses these values as a ratio. Summary For DW, reports, & other BI workloads, columnstore often provides significant performance enhancements relative to conventional indexing.  I have documented here, the first in a series of reports on columnstore implementations, results from an initial implementation at MSIT in which logical reads were reduced by over a factor of 50; both CPU & duration improved by factors of 20 or more.  Subsequent features in this series document performance enhancements that are even more significant. 

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  • PECL OCI8 2.0 Production Release Announcement

    - by cj
    The PHP OCI8 2.0.6 extension for Oracle Database is now "production" status. The source code is available on PECL. This can be used immediately to update your OCI8 extension in PHP 5.2 and later versions. The extension compiles with Oracle 10.2 or later client libraries. Oracle's standard cross-version database connectivity applies. OCI8 2.0 and PHP 5.5.5 RPMs for Oracle and Red Hat Linux are available from oss.oracle.com. Windows DLLs are available on PECL for PHP 5.3, PHP 5.4 and PHP 5.5. OCI8 2.0 source code will also be automatically included in the next major version of PHP. New Functionality Oracle Database 12c Implicit Result Set support. IRS's make it easy to pass query results back from stored PL/SQL procedures or anonymous PL/SQL blocks. Individual IRS statement resources, each corresponding to a single query, can be obtained with the new function oci_get_implicit_resultset(). These 'child' statement resources can be passed to any oci_fetch_* function. See Using PHP and Oracle Database 12c Implicit Result Sets and the PHP Manual: oci_get_implicit_resultset(). DTrace Dynamic Trace static probes. This well respected DTrace tracing framework is available on a number of platforms, including Oracle Linux. PHP OCI8 static user-space probes can be enabled with PHP's --enable-dtrace configuration option. See Using PHP DTrace on Oracle Linux. Documentation is also available in the PHP Manual OCI8 and DTrace Dynamic Tracing Improved Functionality Using oci_execute($s, OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT) for a SELECT no longer unnecessarily initiates an internal ROLLBACK during connection close. This can improve overall scalability by reducing "round trips" between PHP and the database. Changed Functionality PHP OCI8 2.0's minimum pre-requisites are now PHP 5.2 and Oracle client library 10.2. Later versions of both are usable and, in fact, recommended. Use the older PHP OCI8 1.4.10 extension when using PHP 4.3.9 through to PHP 5.1.x, or when only Oracle Database 9.2 client libraries are available. oci_set_*($connection, ...) meta data setting call error handling is fixed so that oci_error($connection) works for these calls. Note: The old, deprecated function aliases like ocilogon still exist but are not recommended for new applications. Phpinfo() Changes Some cosmetic changes were made to the output of php --ri oci8 and the phpinfo() function. The oci8.event and oci8.connection_class values are now shown only when the Oracle client libraries support the respective functionality. Connection statistics are now in a separate phpinfo() table. Temporary LOB and Collection support status lines in phpinfo() output were removed. These two features have always been enabled since 2007. Oci_internal_debug() Changes The oci_internal_debug() function is now a no-op. Use PHP's --enable-dtrace functionality with DTrace or SystemTap instead. References OCI8 Extension source code and Windows DLLs http://pecl.php.net/package/oci8 Oracle Linux RPMs oss.oracle.com PHP Manual for OCI8 OCI8 and DTrace Dynamic Tracing Oracle OpenWorld Conference paper What's New in Oracle Database 12c for PHP

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  • Part 1 - Load Testing In The Cloud

    - by Tarun Arora
    Azure is fascinating, but even more fascinating is the marriage of Azure and TFS! Introduction Recently a client I worked for had 2 major business critical applications being delivered, with very little time budgeted for Performance testing, we immediately hit a bottleneck when the performance testing phase started, the in house infrastructure team could not support the hardware requirements in the short notice. It was suggested that the performance testing be performed on one of the QA environments which was a fraction of the production environment. This didn’t seem right, the team decided to turn to the cloud. The team took advantage of the elasticity offered by Azure, starting with a single test agent which was provisioned and ready for use with in 30 minutes the team scaled up to 17 test agents to perform a very comprehensive performance testing cycle. Issues were identified and resolved but the highlight was that the cost of running the ‘test rig’ proved to be less than if hosted on premise by the infrastructure team. Thank you for taking the time out to read this blog post, in the series of posts, I’ll try and cover the start to end of everything you need to know to use Azure to build your Test Rig in the cloud. But Why Azure? I have my own Data Centre… If the environment is provisioned in your own datacentre, - No matter what level of service agreement you may have with your infrastructure team there will be down time when the environment is patched - How fast can you scale up or down the environments (keeping the enterprise processes in mind) Administration, Cost, Flexibility and Scalability are the areas you would want to think around when taking the decision between your own Data Centre and Azure! How is Microsoft's Public Cloud Offering different from Amazon’s Public Cloud Offering? Microsoft's offering of the Cloud is a hybrid of Platform as a Service (PaaS) and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) which distinguishes Microsoft's offering from other providers such as Amazon (Amazon only offers IaaS). PaaS – Platform as a Service IaaS – Infrastructure as a Service Fills the needs of those who want to build and run custom applications as services. Similar to traditional hosting, where a business will use the hosted environment as a logical extension of the on-premises datacentre. A service provider offers a pre-configured, virtualized application server environment to which applications can be deployed by the development staff. Since the service providers manage the hardware (patching, upgrades and so forth), as well as application server uptime, the involvement of IT pros is minimized. On-demand scalability combined with hardware and application server management relieves developers from infrastructure concerns and allows them to focus on building applications. The servers (physical and virtual) are rented on an as-needed basis, and the IT professionals who manage the infrastructure have full control of the software configuration. This kind of flexibility increases the complexity of the IT environment, as customer IT professionals need to maintain the servers as though they are on-premises. The maintenance activities may include patching and upgrades of the OS and the application server, load balancing, failover clustering of database servers, backup and restoration, and any other activities that mitigate the risks of hardware and software failures.   The biggest advantage with PaaS is that you do not have to worry about maintaining the environment, you can focus all your time in solving the business problems with your solution rather than worrying about maintaining the environment. If you decide to use a VM Role on Azure, you are asking for IaaS, more on this later. A nice blog post here on the difference between Saas, PaaS and IaaS. Now that we are convinced why we should be turning to the cloud and why in specific Azure, let’s discuss about the Test Rig. The Load Test Rig – Topology Now the moment of truth, Of course a big part of getting value from cloud computing is identifying the most adequate workloads to take to the cloud, so I’ve decided to try to make a Load Testing rig where the Agents are running on Windows Azure.   I’ll talk you through the above Topology, - User: User kick starts the load test run from the developer workstation on premise. This passes the request to the Test Controller. - Test Controller: The Test Controller is on premise connected to the same domain as the developer workstation. As soon as the Test Controller receives the request it makes use of the Windows Azure Connect service to orchestrate the test responsibilities to all the Test Agents. The Windows Azure Connect endpoint software must be active on all Azure instances and on the Controller machine as well. This allows IP connectivity between them and, given that the firewall is properly configured, allows the Controller to send work loads to the agents. In parallel, the Controller will collect the performance data from the agents, using the traditional WMI mechanisms. - Test Agents: The Test Agents are on the Windows Azure Public Cloud, as soon as the test controller issues instructions to the test agents, the test agents start executing the load tests. The HTTP requests are issued against the web server on premise, the results are captured by the test agents. And finally the results are passed over to the controller. - Servers: The Web Server and DB Server are hosted on premise in the datacentre, this is usually the case with business critical applications, you probably want to manage them your self. Recap and What’s next? So, in the introduction in the series of blog posts on Load Testing in the cloud I highlighted why creating a test rig in the cloud is a good idea, what advantages does Windows Azure offer and the Test Rig topology that I will be using. I would also like to mention that i stumbled upon this [Video] on Azure in a nutshell, great watch if you are new to Windows Azure. In the next post I intend to start setting up the Load Test Environment and discuss pricing with respect to test agent machine types that will be used in the test rig. Hope you enjoyed this post, If you have any recommendations on things that I should consider or any questions or feedback, feel free to add to this blog post. Remember to subscribe to http://feeds.feedburner.com/TarunArora.  See you in Part II.   Share this post : CodeProject

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  • Keeping an Eye on Your Storage

    - by Fatherjack
    There are plenty of resources that advise you about looking for signs that your storage hardware is having problems. SQL Server Alerts for 823, 824 and 825 are covered here by Paul Randall of SQL Skills: http://www.sqlskills.com/blogs/paul/a-little-known-sign-of-impending-doom-error-825/ and here by me: https://www.simple-talk.com/blogs/2011/06/27/alerts-are-good-arent-they/. Now until very recently I wasn’t aware that there was a different way to track the 823 + 824 errors. It was by complete chance that I happened to be searching about in the msdb database when I found the suspect_pages table. Running a query against it I got zero rows. This, as it turns out is a good thing. Highlighting the table name and pressing F1 got me nowhere – Is it just me or does Books Online fail to load properly for no obvious reason sometimes? So I typed the table name into the search bar and got my local version of http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms174425.aspx. From that we get the following description: Contains one row per page that failed with a minor 823 error or an 824 error. Pages are listed in this table because they are suspected of being bad, but they might actually be fine. When a suspect page is repaired, its status is updated in the event_type column. So, in the table we would, on healthy hardware, expect to see zero rows but on disks that are having problems the event_type column would show us what is going on. Where there are suspect pages on the disk the rows would have an event_type value of 1, 2 or 3, where those suspect pages have been restored, repaired or deallocated by DBCC then the value would be 4, 5 or 7. Having this table means that we can set up SQL Monitor to check the status of our hardware as we can create a custom metric based on the query below: USE [msdb] go SELECT COUNT(*) FROM [dbo].[suspect_pages] AS sp All we need to do is set the metric to collect this value and set an alert to email when the value is not 1 and we are then able to let SQL Monitor take care of our storage. Note that the suspect_pages table does not have any updates concerning Error 825 which the links at the top of the page cover in more detail. I would suggest that you set SQL Monitor to alert on the suspect_pages table in addition to other taking other measures to look after your storage hardware and not have it as your only precaution. Microsoft actually pass ownership and administration of the suspect_pages table over to the database administrator (Manage the suspect_pages Table (SQL Server)) and in a surprising move (to me at least) advise DBAs to actively update and archive data in it. The table will only ever contain a maximum of 1000 rows and once full, new rows will not be added. Keeping an eye on this table is pretty important, although In my opinion, if you get to 1000 rows in this table and are not already waiting for new disks to be added to your server you are doing something wrong but if you have 1000 rows in there then you need to move data out quickly because you may be missing some important events on your server.

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  • OpenGL (glx) not working with ubuntu 12.10

    - by user26766
    It all started when I installed nvidia's own (download from website) driver. Uninstalling it and reverting back to nvidia-current didn't solve the problem, so I have been playing with this for a while. It seems glx support is missing, and my intel graphics is not responding. gnome loads only in fallback mode. Here are some outputs: glxinfo name of display: :0.0 Error: couldn't find RGB GLX visual or fbconfig glxgears Error: couldn't get an RGB, Double-buffered visual optirun glxgears works fine lspci | grep VGA 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09) 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GF108 [GeForce GT 540M] (rev ff) Here's the content of log file when just after running glxinfo: less /var/log/Xorg.0.log | grep gl [ 112.156] (II) LoadModule: "glx" [ 112.157] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so [ 112.157] (II) Module glx: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [ 112.157] (II) UnloadModule: "glx" [ 112.157] (II) Unloading glx [ 112.157] (EE) Failed to load module "glx" (module requirement mismatch, 0) Some more info... lsmod Module Size Used by bbswitch 13612 0 pci_stub 12623 1 vboxpci 23195 0 vboxnetadp 25671 0 vboxnetflt 23480 0 vboxdrv 320372 3 vboxpci,vboxnetadp,vboxnetflt parport_pc 32689 0 ppdev 17074 0 bnep 18141 2 rfcomm 46620 12 binfmt_misc 17501 1 snd_hda_codec_hdmi 32049 1 snd_hda_codec_realtek 78147 1 joydev 17458 0 uvcvideo 76750 0 videobuf2_core 32852 1 uvcvideo videodev 120310 2 uvcvideo,videobuf2_core videobuf2_vmalloc 12861 1 uvcvideo videobuf2_memops 13405 1 videobuf2_vmalloc snd_hda_intel 33492 3 coretemp 13401 0 kvm_intel 132760 0 arc4 12530 2 snd_hda_codec 134213 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel kvm 414111 1 kvm_intel iwlwifi 386837 0 i915 520799 2 snd_hwdep 17699 1 snd_hda_codec snd_pcm 96668 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec psmouse 100389 0 drm_kms_helper 49113 1 i915 ghash_clmulni_intel 13221 0 snd_seq_midi 13325 0 snd_rawmidi 30513 1 snd_seq_midi btusb 22475 0 drm 288436 3 i915,drm_kms_helper serio_raw 13216 0 snd_seq_midi_event 14900 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq 61555 2 snd_seq_midi,snd_seq_midi_event mac80211 535936 1 iwlwifi bluetooth 209249 22 bnep,rfcomm,btusb snd_timer 29426 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq snd_seq_device 14498 3 snd_seq_midi,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq snd 78921 16 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hwdep,snd_pcm,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq,snd_timer,snd_seq_device cfg80211 206797 2 iwlwifi,mac80211 aesni_intel 51038 1 cryptd 20404 2 ghash_clmulni_intel,aesni_intel aes_x86_64 17256 1 aesni_intel dell_wmi 12682 0 sparse_keymap 13891 1 dell_wmi dcdbas 14439 0 i2c_algo_bit 13414 1 i915 microcode 22804 0 lpc_ich 17062 0 soundcore 15048 1 snd snd_page_alloc 18485 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_pcm video 19391 1 i915 mac_hid 13206 0 wmi 19071 1 dell_wmi mei 40691 0 lp 17760 0 parport 46346 3 parport_pc,ppdev,lp ahci 25721 3 libahci 31192 1 ahci atl1c 41102 0 how can I fix this? any ideas? Here is another thing I've tried: sudo apt-get purge nvidia* sudo reboot sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia didn't make any difference. The most relevant post I found on the web was this: http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-1722306.html Here it's explained that the problem is with the priority of shared libraries that are loaded for glxinfo. Here's what I get when I look up the libraries: linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007fff6bf8b000) libGL.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mesa/libGL.so.1 (0x00007f22d6ccd000) libX11.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libX11.so.6 (0x00007f22d6993000) libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f22d65d3000) libglapi.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglapi.so.0 (0x00007f22d63ad000) libXext.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXext.so.6 (0x00007f22d619b000) libXdamage.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXdamage.so.1 (0x00007f22d5f97000) libXfixes.so.3 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXfixes.so.3 (0x00007f22d5d91000) libX11-xcb.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libX11-xcb.so.1 (0x00007f22d5b8f000) libxcb-glx.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb-glx.so.0 (0x00007f22d5977000) libxcb.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb.so.1 (0x00007f22d5759000) libXxf86vm.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXxf86vm.so.1 (0x00007f22d5553000) libdrm.so.2 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdrm.so.2 (0x00007f22d5346000) libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f22d5129000) libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f22d4f25000) /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f22d6f54000) libXau.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXau.so.6 (0x00007f22d4d20000) libXdmcp.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXdmcp.so.6 (0x00007f22d4b1a000) librt.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/librt.so.1 (0x00007f22d4911000) It seems "mesa" instead of nvidia-current is being used. However I didn't find any obvious link to /lib/nvidia-current in /etc/ld.so.conf (where the directories containing the shared libraries are listed). I don't know if there's anything missing or if this is normal. thanks, UPDATE: The problem was solved by updating to Ubuntu 13.04. It seems bumblebee was to blame, but I'm not sure what was going wrong...

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  • Future Of F# At Jazoon 2011

    - by Alois Kraus
    I was at the Jazoon 2011 in Zurich (Switzerland). It was a really cool event and it had many top notch speaker not only from the Microsoft universe. One of the most interesting talks was from Don Syme with the title: F# Today/F# Tomorrow. He did show how to use F# scripting to browse through open databases/, OData Web Services, Sharepoint, …interactively. It looked really easy with the help of F# Type Providers which is the next big language feature in a future F# version. The object returned by a Type Provider is used to access the data like in usual strongly typed object model. No guessing how the property of an object is called. Intellisense will show it just as you expect. There exists a range of Type Providers for various data sources where the schema of the stored data can somehow be dynamically extracted. Lets use e.g. a free database it would be then let data = DbProvider(http://.....); data the object which contains all data from e.g. a chemical database. It has an elements collection which contains an element which has the properties: Name, AtomicMass, Picture, …. You can browse the object returned by the Type Provider with full Intellisense because the returned object is strongly typed which makes this happen. The same can be achieved of course with code generators that use an input the schema of the input data (OData Web Service, database, Sharepoint, JSON serialized data, …) and spit out the necessary strongly typed objects as an assembly. This does work but has the downside that if the schema of your data source is huge you will quickly run against a wall with traditional code generators since the generated “deserialization” assembly could easily become several hundred MB. *** The following part contains guessing how this exactly work by asking Don two questions **** Q: Can I use Type Providers within C#? D: No. Q: F# is after all a library. I can reference the F# assemblies and use the contained Type Providers? D: F# does annotate the generated types in a special way at runtime which is not a static type that C# could use. The F# type providers seem to use a hybrid approach. At compilation time the Type Provider is instantiated with the url of your input data. The obtained schema information is used by the compiler to generate static types as usual but only for a small subset (the top level classes up to certain nesting level would make sense to me). To make this work you need to access the actual data source at compile time which could be a problem if you want to keep the actual url in a config file. Ok so this explains why it does work at all. But in the demo we did see full intellisense support down to the deepest object level. It looks like if you navigate deeper into the object hierarchy the type provider is instantiated in the background and attach to a true static type the properties determined at run time while you were typing. So this type is not really static at all. It is static if you define as a static type that its properties shows up in intellisense. But since this type information is determined while you are typing and it is not used to generate a true static type and you cannot use these “intellistatic” types from C#. Nonetheless this is a very cool language feature. With the plotting libraries you can generate expressive charts from any datasource within seconds to get quickly an overview of any structured data storage. My favorite programming language C# will not get such features in the near future there is hope. If you restrict yourself to OData sources you can use LINQPad to query any OData enabled data source with LINQ with ease. There you can query Stackoverflow with The output is also nicely rendered which makes it a very good tool to explore OData sources today.

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  • SSIS Debugging Tip: Using Data Viewers

    - by Jim Giercyk
    When you have an SSIS package error, it is often very helpful to see the data records that are causing the problem.  After all, if your input has 50,000 records and 1 of them has corrupt data, it can be a chore.  Your execution results will tell you which column contains the bad data, but not which record…..enter the Data Viewer. In this scenario I have created a truncation error.  The input length of [lastname] is 50, but the output table has a length of 15.  When it runs, at least one of the records causes the package to fail.     Now what?  We can tell from our execution results that there is a problem with [lastname], but we have no idea WHICH record?     Let’s identify the row that is actually causing the problem.  First, we grab the oft’ forgotten Row Count shape from our toolbar and connect it to the error output from our input query.  Remember that in order to intercept errors with the error output, you must redirect them.     The Row Count shape requires 1 integer variable.  For our purposes, we will not reference the variable, but it is still required in order for the package to run.  Typically we would use the variable to hold the number of rows in the table and refer back to it later in our process.  We are simply using the Row Count as a “Dead End” for errors.  I called my variable RowCounter.  To create a variable, with no shapes selected, right-click on the background and choose Variable.     Once we have setup the Row Count shape, we can right-click on the red line (error output) from the query, and select Data Viewers.  In the popup, we click the add button and we will see this:     There are other fancier options we can play with, but for now we just want to view the output in a grid.  WE select Grid, then click OK on all of the popup windows to shut them down.  We should now see a grid with a pair of glasses on the error output line.     So, we are ready to catch the error output in a grid and see that is causing the problem!  This time when we run the package, it does not fail because we directed the error to the Row Count.  We also get a popup window showing the error record in a grid.  If there were multiple errors we would see them all.     Indeed, the [lastname] column is longer than 15 characters.  Notice the last column in the grid, [Error Code – Description].  We knew this was a truncation error before we added the grid, but if you have worked with SSIS for any length of time, you know that some errors are much more obscure.  The description column can be very useful under those circumstances! Data viewers can be used any time we want to see the data that is actually in the pipeline;  they stop the package temporarily until we shut them.  Also remember that the Row Count shape can be used as a “Dead End”.  It is useful during development when we want to see the output from a dataflow, but don’t want to update a table or file with the data.  Data viewers are an invaluable tool for both development and debugging.  Just remember to REMOVE THEM before putting your package into production

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  • PASS Summit 2012: keynote and Mobile BI announcements #sqlpass

    - by Marco Russo (SQLBI)
    Today at PASS Summit 2012 there have been several announcements during the keynote. Moreover, other news have not been highlighted in the keynote but are equally if not more important for the BI community. Let’s start from the big news in the keynote (other details on SQL Server Blog): Hekaton: this is the codename for in-memory OLTP technology that will appear (I suppose) in the next release of the SQL Server relational engine. The improvement in performance and scalability is impressive and it enables new scenarios. I’m curious to see whether it can be used also to improve ETL performance and how it differs from using SSD technology. Updates on Columnstore: In the next major release of SQL Server the columnstore indexes will be updatable and it will be possible to create a clustered index with Columnstore index. This is really a great news for near real-time reporting needs! Polybase: in 2013 it will debut SQL Server 2012 Parallel Data Warehouse (PDW), which will include the Polybase technology. By using Polybase a single T-SQL query will run queries across relational data and Hadoop data. A single query language for both. Sounds really interesting for using BigData in a more integrated way with existing relational databases. And, of course, to load a data warehouse using BigData, which is the ultimate goal that we all BI Pro have, right? SQL Server 2012 SP1: the Service Pack 1 for SQL Server 2012 is available now and it enable the use of PowerPivot for SharePoint and Power View on a SharePoint 2013 installation with Excel 2013. Power View works with Multidimensional cube: the long-awaited feature of being able to use PowerPivot with Multidimensional cubes has been shown by Amir Netz in an amazing demonstration during the keynote. The interesting thing is that the data model behind was based on a many-to-many relationship (something that is not fully supported by Power View with Tabular models). Another interesting aspect is that it is Analysis Services 2012 that supports DAX queries run on a Multidimensional model, enabling the use of any future tool generating DAX queries on top of a Multidimensional model. There are still no info about availability by now, but this is *not* included in SQL Server 2012 SP1. So what about Mobile BI? Well, even if not announced during the keynote, there is a dedicated session on this topic and there are very important news in this area: iOS, Android and Microsoft mobile platforms: the commitment is to get data exploration and visualization capabilities working within June 2013. This should impact at least Power View and SharePoint/Excel Services. This is the type of UI experience we are all waiting for, in order to satisfy the requests coming from users and customers. The important news here is that native applications will be available for both iOS and Windows 8 so it seems that Android will be supported initially only through the web. Unfortunately we haven’t seen any demo, so it’s not clear what will be the offline navigation experience (and whether there will be one). But at least we know that Microsoft is working on native applications in this area. I’m not too surprised that HTML5 is not the magic bullet for all the platforms. The next PASS Business Analytics conference in 2013 seems a good place to see this in action, even if I hope we don’t have to wait other six months before seeing some demo of native BI applications on mobile platforms! Viewing Reporting Services reports on iPad is supported starting with SQL Server 2012 SP1, which has been released today. This is another good reason to install SP1 on SQL Server 2012. If you are at PASS Summit 2012, come and join me, Alberto Ferrari and Chris Webb at our book signing event tomorrow, Thursday 8 2012, at the bookstore between 12:00pm and 12:30pm, or follow one of our sessions!

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  • NHibernate and Stored Procedures in C#

    - by Jess Nickson
    I was recently trying and failing to set up NHibernate (v1.2) in an ASP.NET project. The aim was to execute a stored procedure and return the results, but it took several iterations for me to end up with a working solution. In this post I am simply trying to put the required code in one place, in the hope that the snippets may be useful in guiding someone else through the same process. As it is kind’ve the first time I have had to play with NHibernate, there is a good chance that this solution is sub-optimal and, as such, I am open to suggestions on how it could be improved! There are four code snippets that I required: The stored procedure that I wanted to execute The C# class representation of the results of the procedure The XML mapping file that allows NHibernate to map from C# to the procedure and back again The C# code used to run the stored procedure The Stored Procedure The procedure was designed to take a UserId and, from this, go and grab some profile data for that user. Simple, right? We just need to do a join first, because the user’s site ID (the one we have access to) is not the same as the user’s forum ID. CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[GetForumProfileDetails] ( @userId INT ) AS BEGIN SELECT Users.UserID, forumUsers.Twitter, forumUsers.Facebook, forumUsers.GooglePlus, forumUsers.LinkedIn, forumUsers.PublicEmailAddress FROM Users INNER JOIN Forum_Users forumUsers ON forumUsers.UserSiteID = Users.UserID WHERE Users.UserID = @userId END I’d like to make a shout out to Format SQL for its help with, well, formatting the above SQL!   The C# Class This is just the class representation of the results we expect to get from the stored procedure. NHibernate requires a virtual property for each column of data, and these properties must be called the same as the column headers. You will also need to ensure that there is a public or protected parameterless constructor. public class ForumProfile : IForumProfile { public virtual int UserID { get; set; } public virtual string Twitter { get; set; } public virtual string Facebook { get; set; } public virtual string GooglePlus { get; set; } public virtual string LinkedIn { get; set; } public virtual string PublicEmailAddress { get; set; } public ForumProfile() { } }   The NHibernate Mapping File This is the XML I wrote in order to make NHibernate a) aware of the stored procedure, and b) aware of the expected results of the procedure. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <hibernate-mapping xmlns="urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2" namespace="[namespace]" assembly="[assembly]"> <sql-query name="GetForumProfileDetails"> <return-scalar column="UserID" type="Int32"/> <return-scalar column="Twitter" type="String"/> <return-scalar column="Facebook" type="String"/> <return-scalar column="GooglePlus" type="String"/> <return-scalar column="LinkedIn" type="String"/> <return-scalar column="PublicEmailAddress" type="String"/> exec GetForumProfileDetails :UserID </sql-query> </hibernate-mapping>   Calling the Stored Procedure Finally, to bring it all together, the C# code that I used in order to execute the stored procedure! public IForumProfile GetForumUserProfile(IUser user) { return NHibernateHelper .GetCurrentSession() .GetNamedQuery("GetForumProfileDetails") .SetInt32("UserID", user.UserID) .SetResultTransformer( Transformers.AliasToBean(typeof (ForumProfile))) .UniqueResult<ForumProfile>(); } There are a number of ‘Set’ methods (i.e. SetInt32) that allow you specify values for any parameters in the procedure. The AliasToBean method is then required to map the returned scalars (as specified in the XML) to the correct C# class.

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  • Good DBAs Do Baselines

    - by Louis Davidson
    One morning, you wake up and feel funny. You can’t quite put your finger on it, but something isn’t quite right. What now? Unless you happen to be a hypochondriac, you likely drag yourself out of bed, get on with the day and gather more “evidence”. You check your symptoms over the next few days; do you feel the same, better, worse? If better, then great, it was some temporal issue, perhaps caused by an allergic reaction to some suspiciously spicy chicken. If the same or worse then you go to the doctor for some health advice, but armed with some data to share, and having ruled out certain possible causes that are fixed with a bit of rest and perhaps an antacid. Whether you realize it or not, in comparing how you feel one day to the next, you have taken baseline measurements. In much the same way, a DBA uses baselines to gauge the gauge health of their database servers. Of course, while SQL Server is very willing to share data regarding its health and activities, it has almost no idea of the difference between good and bad. Over time, experienced DBAs develop “mental” baselines with which they can gauge the health of their servers almost as easily as their own body. They accumulate knowledge of the daily, natural state of each part of their database system, and so know instinctively when one of their databases “feels funny”. Equally, they know when an “issue” is just a passing tremor. They see their SQL Server with all of its four CPU cores running close 100% and don’t panic anymore. Why? It’s 5PM and every day the same thing occurs when the end-of-day reports, which are very CPU intensive, are running. Equally, they know when they need to respond in earnest when it is the first time they have heard about an issue, even if it has been happening every day. Nevertheless, no DBA can retain mental baselines for every characteristic of their systems, so we need to collect physical baselines too. In my experience, surprisingly few DBAs do this very well. Part of the problem is that SQL Server provides a lot of instrumentation. If you look, you will find an almost overwhelming amount of data regarding user activity on your SQL Server instances, and use and abuse of the available CPU, I/O and memory. It seems like a huge task even to work out which data you need to collect, let alone start collecting it on a regular basis, managing its storage over time, and performing detailed comparative analysis. However, without baselines, though, it is very difficult to pinpoint what ails a server, just by looking at a single snapshot of the data, or to spot retrospectively what caused the problem by examining aggregated data for the server, collected over many months. It isn’t as hard as you think to get started. You’ve probably already established some troubleshooting queries of the type SELECT Value FROM SomeSystemTableOrView. Capturing a set of baseline values for such a query can be as easy as changing it as follows: INSERT into BaseLine.SomeSystemTable (value, captureTime) SELECT Value, SYSDATETIME() FROM SomeSystemTableOrView; Of course, there are monitoring tools that will collect and manage this baseline data for you, automatically, and allow you to perform comparison of metrics over different periods. However, to get yourself started and to prove to yourself (or perhaps the person who writes the checks for tools) the value of baselines, stick something similar to the above query into an agent job, running every hour or so, and you are on your way with no excuses! Then, the next time you investigate a slow server, and see x open transactions, y users logged in, and z rows added per hour in the Orders table, compare to your baselines and see immediately what, if anything, has changed!

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  • Building Tag Cloud Declarative ADF Component

    - by Arunkumar Ramamoorthy
    When building a website, there could a requirement to add a tag cloud to let the users know the popular tags (or terms) used in the site. In this blog, we would build a simple declarative component to be used as tag cloud in the page. To start with, we would first create the declarative component, which could display the tag cloud. We will do that by creating a new custom application from the new gallery. Give a name for the app and the project and from the new gallery, let us create a new ADF Declarative Component We need to specify the name for the declarative component, attributes in it etc. as follows For displaying the tags as cloud, we need to pass the content to this component. So, we will create an attribute to hold the values for the tag. Let us name it as "value" and make it as java.lang.String  type. Once after this, to hold the component, we need to create a tag library. This can be done by clicking on the Add Tag Library button. Clicking on OK buttons in all the open dialogs would create a declarative component for us. Now, we need to display the tag cloud based on the value passed to the component. To do that, we assume that the value is a Tree Binding and has two attributes in it, say "Name" and "Weight". To make a tag cloud, we would put together the "Name" in a loop and set it's font size based on the "Weight". After putting our logic to work, here is how the source look Attributes added to the declarative components can be retrieved by using #{attrs.<attribute_name>}. Now, we need to deploy this project as ADF Library Jar file, so that this can be distributed to the consuming applications. We'll select ADF Library Jar as type and create the profile. We would be getting the jar file after deployment. To test the functionality, we could create a simple Fusion Web Application. To add our custom component to the consuming application, we can create a file system connection pointing to the location where the jar file is and add it or, add through the project properties of the ViewController project. Now, our custom component has been added to the consuming application. We could test that by creating a VO in the model project with a query like, select 'Faces' as Name,25 as Weight from dual union all select 'ADF', 15 from dual  union all select 'ADFdi', 30 from dual union all select 'BC4J', 20 from dual union all select 'EJB', 40 from dual union all select 'WS', 35 from dual Add this VO to the AppModule, so that it would be exposed to the data control. Then, we could create a jspx page, and add a tree binding to the VO created. We can now see our Tag Cloud declarative component is available in the component palette.  It can be inserted from the component palette to our page and set it's value property to CollectionModel of the tree binding created. Now that we've created the Declarative component and added that to our page successfully, we can run the page to see how it looks. As per the query, the Tags are displayed in different fonts, based on their weight.

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  • Consumer Oriented Search In Oracle Endeca Information Discovery – Part 1

    - by Bob Zurek
    Information Discovery, a core capability of Oracle Endeca Information Discovery, enables business users to rapidly search, discover and navigate through a wide variety of big data including structured, unstructured and semi-structured data. One of the key capabilities, among many, that differentiate our solution from others in the Information Discovery market is our deep support for search across this growing amount of varied big data. Our method and approach is very different than classic simple keyword search that is found in may information discovery solutions. In this first part of a series on the topic of search, I will walk you through many of the key capabilities that go beyond the simple search box that you might experience in products where search was clearly an afterthought or attempt to catch up to our core capabilities in this area. Lets explore. The core data management solution of Oracle Endeca Information Discovery is the Endeca Server, a hybrid search-analytical database that his highly scalable and column-oriented in nature. We will talk in more technical detail about the capabilities of the Endeca Server in future blog posts as this post is intended to give you a feel for the deep search capabilities that are an integral part of the Endeca Server. The Endeca Server provides best-of-breed search features aw well as a new class of features that are the first to be designed around the requirement to bridge structured, semi-structured and unstructured big data. Some of the key features of search include type a heads, automatic alphanumeric spell corrections, positional search, Booleans, wildcarding, natural language, and category search and query classification dialogs. This is just a subset of the advanced search capabilities found in Oracle Endeca Information Discovery. Search is an important feature that makes it possible for business users to explore on the diverse data sets the Endeca Server can hold at any one time. The search capabilities in the Endeca server differ from other Information Discovery products with simple “search boxes” in the following ways: The Endeca Server Supports Exploratory Search.  Enterprise data frequently requires the user to explore content through an ad hoc dialog, with guidance that helps them succeed. This has implications for how to design search features. Traditional search doesn’t assume a dialog, and so it uses relevance ranking to get its best guess to the top of the results list. It calculates many relevance factors for each query, like word frequency, distance, and meaning, and then reduces those many factors to a single score based on a proprietary “black box” formula. But how can a business users, searching, act on the information that the document is say only 38.1% relevant? In contrast, exploratory search gives users the opportunity to clarify what is relevant to them through refinements and summaries. This approach has received consumer endorsement through popular ecommerce sites where guided navigation across a broad range of products has helped consumers better discover choices that meet their, sometimes undetermined requirements. This same model exists in Oracle Endeca Information Discovery. In fact, the Endeca Server powers many of the most popular e-commerce sites in the world. The Endeca Server Supports Cascading Relevance. Traditional approaches of search reduce many relevance weights to a single score. This means that if a result with a good title match gets a similar score to one with an exact phrase match, they’ll appear next to each other in a list. But a user can’t deduce from their score why each got it’s ranking, even though that information could be valuable. Oracle Endeca Information Discovery takes a different approach. The Endeca Server stratifies results by a primary relevance strategy, and then breaks ties within a strata by ordering them with a secondary strategy, and so on. Application managers get the explicit means to compose these strategies based on their knowledge of their own domain. This approach gives both business users and managers a deterministic way to set and understand relevance. Now that you have an understanding of two of the core search capabilities in Oracle Endeca Information Discovery, our next blog post on this topic will discuss more advanced features including set search, second-order relevance as well as an understanding of faceted search mechanisms that include queries and filters.  

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  • Columnstore Case Study #1: MSIT SONAR Aggregations

    - by aspiringgeek
    Preamble This is the first in a series of posts documenting big wins encountered using columnstore indexes in SQL Server 2012 & 2014.  Many of these can be found in this deck along with details such as internals, best practices, caveats, etc.  The purpose of sharing the case studies in this context is to provide an easy-to-consume quick-reference alternative. Why Columnstore? If we’re looking for a subset of columns from one or a few rows, given the right indexes, SQL Server can do a superlative job of providing an answer. If we’re asking a question which by design needs to hit lots of rows—DW, reporting, aggregations, grouping, scans, etc., SQL Server has never had a good mechanism—until columnstore. Columnstore indexes were introduced in SQL Server 2012. However, they're still largely unknown. Some adoption blockers existed; yet columnstore was nonetheless a game changer for many apps.  In SQL Server 2014, potential blockers have been largely removed & they're going to profoundly change the way we interact with our data.  The purpose of this series is to share the performance benefits of columnstore & documenting columnstore is a compelling reason to upgrade to SQL Server 2014. App: MSIT SONAR Aggregations At MSIT, performance & configuration data is captured by SCOM. We archive much of the data in a partitioned data warehouse table in SQL Server 2012 for reporting via an application called SONAR.  By definition, this is a primary use case for columnstore—report queries requiring aggregation over large numbers of rows.  New data is refreshed each night by an automated table partitioning mechanism—a best practices scenario for columnstore. The Win Compared to performance using classic indexing which resulted in the expected query plan selection including partition elimination vs. SQL Server 2012 nonclustered columnstore, query performance increased significantly.  Logical reads were reduced by over a factor of 50; both CPU & duration improved by factors of 20 or more.  Other than creating the columnstore index, no special modifications or tweaks to the app or databases schema were necessary to achieve the performance improvements.  Existing nonclustered indexes were rendered superfluous & were deleted, thus mitigating maintenance challenges such as defragging as well as conserving disk capacity. Details The table provides the raw data & summarizes the performance deltas. Logical Reads (8K pages) CPU (ms) Durn (ms) Columnstore 160,323 20,360 9,786 Conventional Table & Indexes 9,053,423 549,608 193,903 ? x56 x27 x20 The charts provide additional perspective of this data.  "Conventional vs. Columnstore Metrics" document the raw data.  Note on this linear display the magnitude of the conventional index performance vs. columnstore.  The “Metrics (?)” chart expresses these values as a ratio. Summary For DW, reports, & other BI workloads, columnstore often provides significant performance enhancements relative to conventional indexing.  I have documented here, the first in a series of reports on columnstore implementations, results from an initial implementation at MSIT in which logical reads were reduced by over a factor of 50; both CPU & duration improved by factors of 20 or more.  Subsequent features in this series document performance enhancements that are even more significant. 

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  • Customizing the Test Status on the TFS 2010 SSRS Stories Overview Report

    - by Bob Hardister
    This post shows how to customize the SQL query used by the Team Foundation Server 2010 SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS) Stories Overview Report. The objective is to show test status for the current version while including user story status of the current and prior versions.  Why? Because we don’t copy completed user stories into the next release. We only want one instance of a user story for the product because we believe copies can get out of sync when they are supposed to be the same. In the example below, work items for the current version are on the area path root and prior versions are not on the area path root. However, you can use area path or iteration path criteria in the query as suits your needs. In any case, here’s how you do it: 1. Download a copy of the report RDL file as a backup 2. Open the report by clicking the edit down arrow and selecting “Edit in Report Builder” 3. Right click on the dsOverview Dataset and select Dataset Properties 4. Update the following SQL per the comments in the code: Customization 1 of 3 … -- Get the list deliverable workitems that have Test Cases linked DECLARE @TestCases Table (DeliverableID int, TestCaseID int); INSERT @TestCases     SELECT h.ID, flh.TargetWorkItemID     FROM @Hierarchy h         JOIN FactWorkItemLinkHistory flh             ON flh.SourceWorkItemID = h.ID                 AND flh.WorkItemLinkTypeSK = @TestedByLinkTypeSK                 AND flh.RemovedDate = CONVERT(DATETIME, '9999', 126)                 AND flh.TeamProjectCollectionSK = @TeamProjectCollectionSK         JOIN [CurrentWorkItemView] wi ON flh.TargetWorkItemID = wi.[System_ID]                  AND wi.[System_WorkItemType] = @TestCase             AND wi.ProjectNodeGUID  = @ProjectGuid              --  Customization 1 of 3: only include test status information when test case area path = root. Added the following 2 statements              AND wi.AreaPath = '{the root area path of the team project}'  …          Customization 2 of 3 … -- Get the Bugs linked to the deliverable workitems directly DECLARE @Bugs Table (ID int, ActiveBugs int, ResolvedBugs int, ClosedBugs int, ProposedBugs int) INSERT @Bugs     SELECT h.ID,         SUM (CASE WHEN wi.[System_State] = @Active THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) Active,         SUM (CASE WHEN wi.[System_State] = @Resolved THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) Resolved,         SUM (CASE WHEN wi.[System_State] = @Closed THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) Closed,         SUM (CASE WHEN wi.[System_State] = @Proposed THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) Proposed     FROM @Hierarchy h         JOIN FactWorkItemLinkHistory flh             ON flh.SourceWorkItemID = h.ID             AND flh.TeamProjectCollectionSK = @TeamProjectCollectionSK         JOIN [CurrentWorkItemView] wi             ON wi.[System_WorkItemType] = @Bug             AND wi.[System_Id] = flh.TargetWorkItemID             AND flh.RemovedDate = CONVERT(DATETIME, '9999', 126)             AND wi.[ProjectNodeGUID] = @ProjectGuid              --  Customization 2 of 3: only include test status information when test case area path = root. Added the following statement              AND wi.AreaPath = '{the root area path of the team project}'       GROUP BY h.ID … Customization 2 of 3 … -- Add the Bugs linked to the Test Cases which are linked to the deliverable workitems -- Walks the links from the user stories to test cases (via the tested by link), and then to -- bugs that are linked to the test case. We don't need to join to the test case in the work -- item history view. -- --    [WIT:User Story/Requirement] --> [Link:Tested By]--> [Link:any type] --> [WIT:Bug] INSERT @Bugs SELECT tc.DeliverableID,     SUM (CASE WHEN wi.[System_State] = @Active THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) Active,     SUM (CASE WHEN wi.[System_State] = @Resolved THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) Resolved,     SUM (CASE WHEN wi.[System_State] = @Closed THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) Closed,     SUM (CASE WHEN wi.[System_State] = @Proposed THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) Proposed FROM @TestCases tc     JOIN FactWorkItemLinkHistory flh         ON flh.SourceWorkItemID = tc.TestCaseID         AND flh.RemovedDate = CONVERT(DATETIME, '9999', 126)         AND flh.TeamProjectCollectionSK = @TeamProjectCollectionSK     JOIN [CurrentWorkItemView] wi         ON wi.[System_Id] = flh.TargetWorkItemID         AND wi.[System_WorkItemType] = @Bug         AND wi.[ProjectNodeGUID] = @ProjectGuid         --  Customization 3 of 3: only include test status information when test case area path = root. Added the following statement         AND wi.AreaPath = '{the root area path of the team project}'     GROUP BY tc.DeliverableID … 5. Save the report and you’re all set. Note: you may need to re-apply custom parameter changes like pre-selected sprints.

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  • Parameterized StreamInsight Queries

    - by Roman Schindlauer
    The changes in our APIs enable a set of scenarios that were either not possible before or could only be achieved through workarounds. One such use case that people ask about frequently is the ability to parameterize a query and instantiate it with different values instead of re-deploying the entire statement. I’ll demonstrate how to do this in StreamInsight 2.1 and combine it with a method of using subjects for dynamic query composition in a mini-series of (at least) two blog articles. Let’s start with something really simple: I want to deploy a windowed aggregate to a StreamInsight server, and later use it with different window sizes. The LINQ statement for such an aggregate is very straightforward and familiar: var result = from win in stream.TumblingWindow(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5))               select win.Avg(e => e.Value); Obviously, we had to use an existing input stream object as well as a concrete TimeSpan value. If we want to be able to re-use this construct, we can define it as a IQStreamable: var avg = myApp     .DefineStreamable((IQStreamable<SourcePayload> s, TimeSpan w) =>         from win in s.TumblingWindow(w)         select win.Avg(e => e.Value)); The DefineStreamable API lets us define a function, in our case from a IQStreamable (the input stream) and a TimeSpan (the window length) to an IQStreamable (the result). We can then use it like a function, with the input stream and the window length as parameters: var result = avg(stream, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5)); Nice, but you might ask: what does this save me, except from writing my own extension method? Well, in addition to defining the IQStreamable function, you can actually deploy it to the server, to make it re-usable by another process! When we deploy an artifact in V2.1, we give it a name: var avg = myApp     .DefineStreamable((IQStreamable<SourcePayload> s, TimeSpan w) =>         from win in s.TumblingWindow(w)         select win.Avg(e => e.Value))     .Deploy("AverageQuery"); When connected to the same server, we can now use that name to retrieve the IQStreamable and use it with our own parameters: var averageQuery = myApp     .GetStreamable<IQStreamable<SourcePayload>, TimeSpan, double>("AverageQuery"); var result = averageQuery(stream, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5)); Convenient, isn’t it? Keep in mind that, even though the function “AverageQuery” is deployed to the server, its logic will still be instantiated into each process when the process is created. The advantage here is being able to deploy that function, so another client who wants to use it doesn’t need to ask the author for the code or assembly, but just needs to know the name of deployed entity. A few words on the function signature of GetStreamable: the last type parameter (here: double) is the payload type of the result, not the actual result stream’s type itself. The returned object is a function from IQStreamable<SourcePayload> and TimeSpan to IQStreamable<double>. In the next article we will integrate this usage of IQStreamables with Subjects in StreamInsight, so stay tuned! Regards, The StreamInsight Team

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  • Class design issue

    - by user2865206
    I'm new to OOP and a lot of times I become stumped in situations similar to this example: Task: Generate an XML document that contains information about a person. Assume the information is readily available in a database. Here is an example of the structure: <Person> <Name>John Doe</Name> <Age>21</Age> <Address> <Street>100 Main St.</Street> <City>Sylvania</City> <State>OH</State> </Address> <Relatives> <Parents> <Mother> <Name>Jane Doe</Name> </Mother> <Father> <Name>John Doe Sr.</Name> </Father> </Parents> <Siblings> <Brother> <Name>Jeff Doe</Name> </Brother> <Brother> <Name>Steven Doe</Name> </Brother> </Siblings> </Relatives> </Person> Ok lets create a class for each tag (ie: Person, Name, Age, Address) Lets assume each class is only responsible for itself and the elements directly contained Each class will know (have defined by default) the classes that are directly contained within them Each class will have a process() function that will add itself and its childeren to the XML document we are creating When a child is drawn, as in the previous line, we will have them call process() as well Now we are in a recursive loop where each object draws their childeren until all are drawn But what if only some of the tags need to be drawn, and the rest are optional? Some are optional based on if the data exists (if we have it, we must draw it), and some are optional based on the preferences of the user generating the document How do we make sure each object has the data it needs to draw itself and it's childeren? We can pass down a massive array through every object, but that seems shitty doesnt it? We could have each object query the database for it, but thats a lot of queries, and how does it know what it's query is? What if we want to get rid of a tag later? There is no way to reference them. I've been thinking about this for 20 hours now. I feel like I am misunderstanding a design principle or am just approaching this all wrong. How would you go about programming something like this? I suppose this problem could apply to any senario where there are classes that create other classes, but the classes created need information to run. How do I get the information to them in a way that doesn't seem fucky? Thanks for all of your time, this has been kicking my ass.

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  • How to handle multi-processing of libraries which already spawn sub-processes?

    - by exhuma
    I am having some trouble coming up with a good solution to limit sub-processes in a script which uses a multi-processed library and the script itself is also multi-processed. Both, the library and script are modifiable by us. I believe the question is more about design than actual code, but for what it's worth, it's written in Python. The goal of the library is to hide implementation details of various internet routers. For that reason, the library has a "Proxy" factory method which takes the IP of a router as parameter. The factory then probes the device using a set of possible proxies. Usually, there is one proxy which immediately knows that is is able to send commands to this device. All others usually take some time to return (given a timeout). One thought was already to simply query the device for an identifier, and then select the proper proxy using that, but in order to do so, you would already need to know how to query the device. Abstracting this knowledge is one of the main purposes of the library, so that becomes a little bit of a "circular-requirement"/deadlock: To connect to a device, you need to know what proxy to use, and to know what proxy to create, you need to connect to a device. So probing the device is - as we can see - the best solution so far, apart from keeping a lookup-table somewhere. The library currently kills all remaining processes once a valid proxy has been found. And yes, there is always only one good proxy per device. Currently there are about 12 proxies. So if one create a proxy instance using the factory, 12 sub-processes are spawned. So far, this has been really useful and worked very well. But recently someone else wanted to use this library to "broadcast" a command to all devices. So he took the library, and wrote his own multi-processed script. This obviously spawned 12 * n processes where n is the number of IPs to which he broadcasted. This has given us two problems: The host on which the command was executed slowed down to a near halt. Aborting the script with CTRL+C ground the system to a total halt. Not even the hardware console responded anymore! This may be due to some Python strangeness which still needs to be investigated. Maybe related to http://bugs.python.org/issue8296 The big underlying question, is how to design a library which does multi-processing, so other applications which use this library and want to be multi-processed themselves do not run into system limitations. My first thought was to require a pool to be passed to the library, and execute all tasks in that pool. In that way, the person using the library has control over the usage of system resources. But my gut tells me that there must be a better solution. Disclaimer: My experience with multiprocessing is fairly limited. I have implemented a few straightforward which did not require access control to resources. So I have not yet any practical experience with semaphores or mutexes. p.s.: In the future, we may have enough information to do this without the probing. But the database which would contain the proper information is not yet operational. Also, the design about multiprocessing a multiprocessed library intrigues me :)

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  • How do you go from a so so programmer to a great one? [closed]

    - by Cervo
    How do you go from being an okay programmer to being able to write maintainable clean code? For example David Hansson was writing Basecamp when in the process he created Rails as part of writing Basecamp in a clean/maintainable way. But how do you know when there is value in a side project like that? I have a bachelors in computer science, and I am about to get a masters and I will say that colleges teach you to write code to solve problems, not neatly or anything. Basically you think of a problem, come up with a solution, and write it down...not necessarily the most maintainable way in the world. Also my first job was in a startup, and now my third is in a small team in a large company where the attitude was/is get it done yesterday (also most of my jobs are mainly database development with SQL with a few ASP.NET web pages/.NET apps on the side). So of course cut/paste is more favored than making things more cleanly. And they would rather have something yesterday even if you have to rewrite it next month rather than to have something in a week that lasts for a year. Also spaghetti code turns up all over the place, and it takes very smart people to write/understand/maintain spaghetti code...However it would be better to do things so simple/clean that even a caveman/woman could do maintenance. Also I get very bored/unmotivated having to go modify the same things cut/pasted in a few locations. Is this the type of skill that you need to learn by working with a serious software organization that has an emphasis on maintenance and maybe even an architect who designs a system architecture and reviews code? Could you really learn it by volunteering on an open source project (it seems to me that a full time programmer job is way more practice than a few hours a week on an open source project)? Is there some course where you can learn this? I can attest that graduate school and undergraduate school do not really emphasize clean software at all. They just teach the structures/algorithms and then send you off into the world to solve problems. Overall I think the first thing is learning to write clean/maintainable code within the bounds of the project in order to become a good programmer. Then the next thing is learning when you need to do a side project (like a framework) to make things more maintainable/clean even while you still deliver things for the deadline in order to become a great programmer. For example, you are making an SQL report and someone gives you 100 calculations for individual columns. At what point does it make sense to construct a domain specific language to encode the rules in simply and then generate all the SQL as opposed to cut/pasting the query from the table a bunch of times and then adjusting each query to do the appropriate calculations. This is the type of thing I would say a great programmer would know. He/she would maybe even know ways to avoid the domain specific language and to still do all the calculations without creating an unmaintainable mess or a ton of repetitive code to cut/paste everywhere.

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  • Different fan behaviour in my laptop after upgrade, what to do now?

    - by student
    After upgrading from lubuntu 13.10 to 14.04 the fan of my laptop seems to run much more often than in 13.10. When it runs, it doesn't run continously but starts and stops every second. fwts fan results in Results generated by fwts: Version V14.03.01 (2014-03-27 02:14:17). Some of this work - Copyright (c) 1999 - 2014, Intel Corp. All rights reserved. Some of this work - Copyright (c) 2010 - 2014, Canonical. This test run on 12/05/14 at 21:40:13 on host Linux einstein 3.13.0-24-generic #47-Ubuntu SMP Fri May 2 23:30:00 UTC 2014 x86_64. Command: "fwts fan". Running tests: fan. fan: Simple fan tests. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Test 1 of 2: Test fan status. Test how many fans there are in the system. Check for the current status of the fan(s). PASSED: Test 1, Fan cooling_device0 of type Processor has max cooling state 10 and current cooling state 0. PASSED: Test 1, Fan cooling_device1 of type Processor has max cooling state 10 and current cooling state 0. PASSED: Test 1, Fan cooling_device2 of type LCD has max cooling state 15 and current cooling state 10. Test 2 of 2: Load system, check CPU fan status. Test how many fans there are in the system. Check for the current status of the fan(s). Loading CPUs for 20 seconds to try and get fan speeds to change. Fan cooling_device0 current state did not change from value 0 while CPUs were busy. Fan cooling_device1 current state did not change from value 0 while CPUs were busy. ADVICE: Did not detect any change in the CPU related thermal cooling device states. It could be that the devices are returning static information back to the driver and/or the fan speed is automatically being controlled by firmware using System Management Mode in which case the kernel interfaces being examined may not work anyway. ================================================================================ 3 passed, 0 failed, 0 warning, 0 aborted, 0 skipped, 0 info only. ================================================================================ 3 passed, 0 failed, 0 warning, 0 aborted, 0 skipped, 0 info only. Test Failure Summary ================================================================================ Critical failures: NONE High failures: NONE Medium failures: NONE Low failures: NONE Other failures: NONE Test |Pass |Fail |Abort|Warn |Skip |Info | ---------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ fan | 3| | | | | | ---------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ Total: | 3| 0| 0| 0| 0| 0| ---------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ Here is the output of lsmod lsmod Module Size Used by i8k 14421 0 zram 18478 2 dm_crypt 23177 0 gpio_ich 13476 0 dell_wmi 12761 0 sparse_keymap 13948 1 dell_wmi snd_hda_codec_hdmi 46207 1 snd_hda_codec_idt 54645 1 rfcomm 69160 0 arc4 12608 2 dell_laptop 18168 0 bnep 19624 2 dcdbas 14928 1 dell_laptop bluetooth 395423 10 bnep,rfcomm iwldvm 232285 0 mac80211 626511 1 iwldvm snd_hda_intel 52355 3 snd_hda_codec 192906 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_idt,snd_hda_intel snd_hwdep 13602 1 snd_hda_codec snd_pcm 102099 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_intel snd_page_alloc 18710 2 snd_pcm,snd_hda_intel snd_seq_midi 13324 0 snd_seq_midi_event 14899 1 snd_seq_midi snd_rawmidi 30144 1 snd_seq_midi coretemp 13435 0 kvm_intel 143060 0 kvm 451511 1 kvm_intel snd_seq 61560 2 snd_seq_midi_event,snd_seq_midi joydev 17381 0 serio_raw 13462 0 iwlwifi 169932 1 iwldvm pcmcia 62299 0 snd_seq_device 14497 3 snd_seq,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq_midi snd_timer 29482 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq lpc_ich 21080 0 cfg80211 484040 3 iwlwifi,mac80211,iwldvm yenta_socket 41027 0 pcmcia_rsrc 18407 1 yenta_socket pcmcia_core 23592 3 pcmcia,pcmcia_rsrc,yenta_socket binfmt_misc 17468 1 snd 69238 17 snd_hwdep,snd_timer,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_idt,snd_pcm,snd_seq,snd_rawmidi,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_intel,snd_seq_device,snd_seq_midi soundcore 12680 1 snd parport_pc 32701 0 mac_hid 13205 0 ppdev 17671 0 lp 17759 0 parport 42348 3 lp,ppdev,parport_pc firewire_ohci 40409 0 psmouse 102222 0 sdhci_pci 23172 0 sdhci 43015 1 sdhci_pci firewire_core 68769 1 firewire_ohci crc_itu_t 12707 1 firewire_core ahci 25819 2 libahci 32168 1 ahci i915 783485 2 wmi 19177 1 dell_wmi i2c_algo_bit 13413 1 i915 drm_kms_helper 52758 1 i915 e1000e 254433 0 drm 302817 3 i915,drm_kms_helper ptp 18933 1 e1000e pps_core 19382 1 ptp video 19476 1 i915 I tried one answer to the similar question: loud fan on Ubuntu 14.04 and created a /etc/i8kmon.conf like the following: # Run as daemon, override with --daemon option set config(daemon) 1 # Automatic fan control, override with --auto option set config(auto) 1 # Status check timeout (seconds), override with --timeout option set config(timeout) 2 # Report status on stdout, override with --verbose option set config(verbose) 1 # Temperature thresholds: {fan_speeds low_ac high_ac low_batt high_batt} set config(0) {{0 0} -1 55 -1 55} set config(1) {{0 1} 50 60 55 65} set config(2) {{1 1} 55 80 60 85} set config(3) {{2 2} 70 128 75 128} With this setup the fan goes on even if the temperature is below 50 degree celsius (I don't see a pattern). However I get the impression that the CPU got's hotter in average than without this file. What changes from 13.10 to 14.04 may be responsible for this? If this is a bug, for which package I should report the bug?

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  • i want to access mysql database table on given conditions in drop down menu [on hold]

    - by user3909877
    as the code below is accesing the database table directly but i want it to display the table content on giving conditions in drop down menu like when i select islamabad in one drop down menu and lahore in other as given in code and press search buttonn then it display the table flights.but it is displaying it directly <p class="h2">Quick Search</p> <div class="sb2_opts"> <p> </p> <form method="post" action=""> <p>Enter your source and destination.</p> <p> From:</p> <select name="from"> <option value="Islamabad">Islamabad</option> <option value="Lahore">Lahore</option> <option value="murree">Murree</option> <option value="Muzaffarabad">Muzaffarabad</option> </select> <p> To:</p> <select name="To"> <option value="Islamabad">Islamabad</option> <option value="Lahore">Lahore</option> <option value="murree">Murree</option> <option value="Muzaffarabad">Muzaffarabad</option> </select> <input type="submit" value="search" /> </form> </form> </table> <?php $from = isset($_POST['from'])?$_POST['from']:''; $to = isset($_POST['to'])?$_POST['to']:''; if( $from =='Islamabad'){ if($to == 'Lahore'){ $db_host = 'localhost'; $db_user = 'root'; $database = 'homedb'; $table = 'flights'; if (!mysql_connect($db_host, $db_user)) die("Can't connect to database"); if (!mysql_select_db($database)) die("Can't select database"); $result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM {$table}"); if (!$result) { die("Query to show fields from table failed"); } $result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM {$table}"); if (!$result) { die("Query to show fields from table failed"); } $fields_num = mysql_num_fields($result); echo "<h1>Table: {$table}</h1>"; echo "<table border='1'><tr>"; while($row = mysql_fetch_row($result)) { echo "<tr>"; // $row is array... foreach( .. ) puts every element // of $row to $cell variable foreach($row as $cell) echo "<td>$cell</td>"; echo "</tr>\n"; } } } mysqli_close($con); ?>

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  • ?12c database ????Adaptive Execution Plans ????????

    - by Liu Maclean(???)
    12c R1 ????SQL??????- Adaptive Execution Plans ????????,???????optimizer ??????(runtime)???????????????, ????????????????????? SQL???????? ????????????, ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????adaptive plan ????????????????????????????????????,?????subplan???????????????????? ??????, ???????? ???????????????,?????????, ?????? ???????????????”???”????, ???????????????????buffer ???????  ????????????,?????,??????????????????? ???optimizer ?????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????plan???? ??12C?????????????, ???????????????????,?????? ???????????? ????????????2???: Dynamic Plans????: ???????????????????????;??????,???optimizer??????????subplans??????????????, ???????????????????,?????????????? Reoptimization????: ?Dynamic Plans????,Reoptimization??????????????????????Reoptimization??,?????????????????????????,??reoptimization????? OPTIMIZER_ADAPTIVE_REPORTING_ONLY ???? report-only????????????????TRUE,?????????report-only????,???????????????,??????????????? Dynamic Plans ??????????????,????????????????????????, ?????????????,???????????,????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????final plan??????????????default plan, ??final plan?default plan???????,????????????? subplan ???????????????,???????????????????????? ??????,???????statistics collector ?buffer???????????statistics collector?????????????????,???????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????,??????????,?????????????? ???????????,???????buffer???? ???????????????,?????????????????????????????,??????buffer,??????final plan? ????????,???????????????????????,????????????????? ?V$SQL??????IS_RESOLVED_DYNAMIC_PLAN??????????final plan???default plan? ??????dynamic plan ???????SQL PLAN directives?????? declare cursor PLAN_DIRECTIVE_IDS is select directive_id from DBA_SQL_PLAN_DIRECTIVES; begin for z in PLAN_DIRECTIVE_IDS loop DBMS_SPD.DROP_SQL_PLAN_DIRECTIVE(z.directive_id); end loop; end; / explain plan for select /*MALCEAN*/ product_name from oe.order_items o, oe.product_information p where o.unit_price=15 and quantity>1 and p.product_id=o.product_id; select * from table(dbms_xplan.display()); Plan hash value: 1255158658 www.askmaclean.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 4 | 128 | 7 (0)| 00:00:01 | | 1 | NESTED LOOPS | | | | | | | 2 | NESTED LOOPS | | 4 | 128 | 7 (0)| 00:00:01 | |* 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | ORDER_ITEMS | 4 | 48 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | |* 4 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | PRODUCT_INFORMATION_PK | 1 | | 0 (0)| 00:00:01 | | 5 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| PRODUCT_INFORMATION | 1 | 20 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Predicate Information (identified by operation id): --------------------------------------------------- 3 - filter("O"."UNIT_PRICE"=15 AND "QUANTITY">1) 4 - access("P"."PRODUCT_ID"="O"."PRODUCT_ID") alter session set events '10053 trace name context forever,level 1'; OR alter session set events 'trace[SQL_Plan_Directive] disk highest'; select /*MALCEAN*/ product_name from oe.order_items o, oe.product_information p where o.unit_price=15 and quantity>1 and p.product_id=o.product_id; ---------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost | Time | ---------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 7 | | | 1 | HASH JOIN | | 4 | 128 | 7 | 00:00:01 | | 2 | NESTED LOOPS | | | | | | | 3 | NESTED LOOPS | | 4 | 128 | 7 | 00:00:01 | | 4 | STATISTICS COLLECTOR | | | | | | | 5 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | ORDER_ITEMS | 4 | 48 | 3 | 00:00:01 | | 6 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | PRODUCT_INFORMATION_PK| 1 | | 0 | | | 7 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | PRODUCT_INFORMATION | 1 | 20 | 1 | 00:00:01 | | 8 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | PRODUCT_INFORMATION | 1 | 20 | 1 | 00:00:01 | ---------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ Predicate Information: ---------------------- 1 - access("P"."PRODUCT_ID"="O"."PRODUCT_ID") 5 - filter(("O"."UNIT_PRICE"=15 AND "QUANTITY">1)) 6 - access("P"."PRODUCT_ID"="O"."PRODUCT_ID") ===================================== SPD: BEGIN context at statement level ===================================== Stmt: ******* UNPARSED QUERY IS ******* SELECT /*+ OPT_ESTIMATE (@"SEL$1" JOIN ("P"@"SEL$1" "O"@"SEL$1") ROWS=13.000000 ) OPT_ESTIMATE (@"SEL$1" TABLE "O"@"SEL$1" ROWS=13.000000 ) */ "P"."PRODUCT_NAME" "PRODUCT_NAME" FROM "OE"."ORDER_ITEMS" "O","OE"."PRODUCT_INFORMATION" "P" WHERE "O"."UNIT_PRICE"=15 AND "O"."QUANTITY">1 AND "P"."PRODUCT_ID"="O"."PRODUCT_ID" Objects referenced in the statement PRODUCT_INFORMATION[P] 92194, type = 1 ORDER_ITEMS[O] 92197, type = 1 Objects in the hash table Hash table Object 92197, type = 1, ownerid = 6573730143572393221: No Dynamic Sampling Directives for the object Hash table Object 92194, type = 1, ownerid = 17822962561575639002: No Dynamic Sampling Directives for the object Return code in qosdInitDirCtx: ENBLD =================================== SPD: END context at statement level =================================== ======================================= SPD: BEGIN context at query block level ======================================= Query Block SEL$1 (#0) Return code in qosdSetupDirCtx4QB: NOCTX ===================================== SPD: END context at query block level ===================================== SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = TABLE SPD: Generating finding id: type = 1, reason = 1, objcnt = 1, obItr = 0, objid = 92197, objtyp = 1, vecsize = 6, colvec = [4, 5, ], fid = 2896834833840853267 SPD: Inserted felem, fid=2896834833840853267, ftype = 1, freason = 1, dtype = 0, dstate = 0, dflag = 0, ver = YES, keep = YES SPD: qosdCreateFindingSingTab retCode = CREATED, fid = 2896834833840853267 SPD: qosdCreateDirCmp retCode = CREATED, fid = 2896834833840853267 SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = TABLE SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_SCAN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_SCAN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = JOIN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_SCAN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_SKIP_SCAN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = JOIN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_SCAN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_SCAN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_SCAN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_SCAN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_SCAN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_SCAN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_SCAN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_SCAN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_SCAN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_SCAN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_SCAN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_SCAN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_SCAN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_SCAN SPD: Return code in qosdDSDirSetup: NOCTX, estType = INDEX_FILTER SPD: Generating finding id: type = 1, reason = 1, objcnt = 1, obItr = 0, objid = 92197, objtyp = 1, vecsize = 6, colvec = [4, 5, ], fid = 2896834833840853267 SPD: Modified felem, fid=2896834833840853267, ftype = 1, freason = 1, dtype = 0, dstate = 0, dflag = 0, ver = YES, keep = YES SPD: Generating finding id: type = 1, reason = 1, objcnt = 1, obItr = 0, objid = 92194, objtyp = 1, vecsize = 2, colvec = [1, ], fid = 5618517328604016300 SPD: Modified felem, fid=5618517328604016300, ftype = 1, freason = 1, dtype = 0, dstate = 0, dflag = 0, ver = NO, keep = NO SPD: Generating finding id: type = 1, reason = 1, objcnt = 1, obItr = 0, objid = 92194, objtyp = 1, vecsize = 2, colvec = [1, ], fid = 1142802697078608149 SPD: Modified felem, fid=1142802697078608149, ftype = 1, freason = 1, dtype = 0, dstate = 0, dflag = 0, ver = NO, keep = NO SPD: Generating finding id: type = 1, reason = 2, objcnt = 2, obItr = 0, objid = 92194, objtyp = 1, vecsize = 0, obItr = 1, objid = 92197, objtyp = 1, vecsize = 0, fid = 1437680122701058051 SPD: Modified felem, fid=1437680122701058051, ftype = 1, freason = 2, dtype = 0, dstate = 0, dflag = 0, ver = NO, keep = NO select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(format=>'report')) ; ????report????adaptive plan Adaptive plan: ------------- This cursor has an adaptive plan, but adaptive plans are enabled for reporting mode only.  The plan that would be executed if adaptive plans were enabled is displayed below. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Id  | Operation          | Name                | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |   0 | SELECT STATEMENT   |                     |       |       |     7 (100)|          | |*  1 |  HASH JOIN         |                     |     4 |   128 |     7   (0)| 00:00:01 | |*  2 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| ORDER_ITEMS         |     4 |    48 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 | |   3 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| PRODUCT_INFORMATION |     1 |    20 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SQL> select SQL_ID,IS_RESOLVED_DYNAMIC_PLAN,sql_text from v$SQL WHERE SQL_TEXT like '%MALCEAN%' and sql_text not like '%like%'; SQL_ID IS -------------------------- -- SQL_TEXT -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6ydj1bn1bng17 Y select /*MALCEAN*/ product_name from oe.order_items o, oe.product_information p where o.unit_price=15 and quantity>1 and p.product_id=o.product_id ???? explain plan for ????default plan, ??????optimizer???final plan,??V$SQL.IS_RESOLVED_DYNAMIC_PLAN???Y,????????????? DBA_SQL_PLAN_DIRECTIVES?????????????SQL PLAN DIRECTIVES, ???12c? ???MMON?????DML ???column usage??????????,????SMON??? MMON????SGA??PLAN DIRECTIVES??? ?????DBMS_SPD.flush_sql_plan_directive???? select directive_id,type,reason from DBA_SQL_PLAN_DIRECTIVES / DIRECTIVE_ID TYPE REASON ----------------------------------- -------------------------------- ----------------------------- 10321283028317893030 DYNAMIC_SAMPLING JOIN CARDINALITY MISESTIMATE 4757086536465754886 DYNAMIC_SAMPLING JOIN CARDINALITY MISESTIMATE 16085268038103121260 DYNAMIC_SAMPLING JOIN CARDINALITY MISESTIMATE SQL> set pages 9999 SQL> set lines 300 SQL> col state format a5 SQL> col subobject_name format a11 SQL> col col_name format a11 SQL> col object_name format a13 SQL> select d.directive_id, o.object_type, o.object_name, o.subobject_name col_name, d.type, d.state, d.reason 2 from dba_sql_plan_directives d, dba_sql_plan_dir_objects o 3 where d.DIRECTIVE_ID=o.DIRECTIVE_ID 4 and o.object_name in ('ORDER_ITEMS') 5 order by d.directive_id; DIRECTIVE_ID OBJECT_TYPE OBJECT_NAME COL_NAME TYPE STATE REASON ------------ ------------ ------------- ----------- -------------------------------- ----- ------------------------------------- --- 1.8156E+19 COLUMN ORDER_ITEMS UNIT_PRICE DYNAMIC_SAMPLING NEW SINGLE TABLE CARDINALITY MISESTIMATE 1.8156E+19 TABLE ORDER_ITEMS DYNAMIC_SAMPLING NEW SINGLE TABLE CARDINALITY MISESTIMATE 1.8156E+19 COLUMN ORDER_ITEMS QUANTITY DYNAMIC_SAMPLING NEW SINGLE TABLE CARDINALITY MISESTIMATE DBA_SQL_PLAN_DIRECTIVES????? _BASE_OPT_DIRECTIVE ? _BASE_OPT_FINDING SELECT d.dir_own#, d.dir_id, d.f_id, decode(type, 1, 'DYNAMIC_SAMPLING', 'UNKNOWN'), decode(state, 1, 'NEW', 2, 'MISSING_STATS', 3, 'HAS_STATS', 4, 'CANDIDATE', 5, 'PERMANENT', 6, 'DISABLED', 'UNKNOWN'), decode(bitand(flags, 1), 1, 'YES', 'NO'), cast(d.created as timestamp), cast(d.last_modified as timestamp), -- Please see QOSD_DAYS_TO_UPDATE and QOSD_PLUS_SECONDS for more details -- about 6.5 cast(d.last_used as timestamp) - NUMTODSINTERVAL(6.5, 'day') FROM sys.opt_directive$ d ??dbms_spd??? SQL PLAN DIRECTIVES, SQL PLAN DIRECTIVES???retention ???53?: Package: DBMS_SPD This package provides subprograms for managing Sql Plan Directives(SPD). SPD are objects generated automatically by Oracle server. For example, if server detects that the single table cardinality estimated by optimizer is off from the actual number of rows returned when accessing the table, it will automatically create a directive to do dynamic sampling for the table. When any Sql statement referencing the table is compiled, optimizer will perform dynamic sampling for the table to get more accurate estimate. Notes: DBMSL_SPD is a invoker-rights package. The invoker requires ADMINISTER SQL MANAGEMENT OBJECT privilege for executing most of the subprograms of this package. Also the subprograms commit the current transaction (if any), perform the operation and commit it again. DBA view dba_sql_plan_directives shows all the directives created in the system and the view dba_sql_plan_dir_objects displays the objects that are included in the directives. -- Default value for SPD_RETENTION_WEEKS SPD_RETENTION_WEEKS_DEFAULT CONSTANT varchar2(4) := '53'; | STATE : NEW : Newly created directive. | : MISSING_STATS : The directive objects do not | have relevant stats. | : HAS_STATS : The objects have stats. | : PERMANENT : A permanent directive. Server | evaluated effectiveness and these | directives are useful. | | AUTO_DROP : YES : Directive will be dropped | automatically if not | used for SPD_RETENTION_WEEKS. | This is the default behavior. | NO : Directive will not be dropped | automatically. Procedure: flush_sql_plan_directive This procedure allows manually flushing the Sql Plan directives that are automatically recorded in SGA memory while executing sql statements. The information recorded in SGA are periodically flushed by oracle background processes. This procedure just provides a way to flush the information manually. ????”_optimizer_dynamic_plans”(enable dynamic plans)????????,???TRUE??DYNAMIC PLAN? ???FALSE???????????? ????,Dynamic Plan????????????Nested Loop?Hash Join???case ,????????Nested loop???????????HASH JOIN,?HASH JOIN????????????????? ????????subplan?????,???? pass?? ?join method???,?????STATISTICS COLLECTOR???cardinality?,???????HASH JOIN?????Nested Loop,????????????subplan?????access path; ???????Sales??????????????????,????HASH JOIN,??SUBPLAN??customers?????????;?????Nested Loop,???????cust_id?????Range Scan+Access by Rowid? Cardinality feedback Cardinality feedback????????11.2????,????????re-optimization???;  ???????????,Cardinality feedback?????????????????????????? ???????????????????,?????????????????,??????????Cardinality feedback????????????? ????????????????????????? ??????????????Cardinality feedback ??: ????????,???????????,??????????,????????????????selectivity ??? ????????????: ??????,?????????????????????????????????,??????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????? ?????????,???????????????,?????????? ??????????Cardinality ????,??????join Cardinality ????????? Cardinality feedback???????cursor?,?Cursor???aged out????? SELECT /*+ gather_plan_statistics */ product_name FROM order_items o, product_information p WHERE o.unit_price = 15 AND quantity > 1 AND p.product_id = o.product_id Plan hash value: 1553478007 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers | Reads | OMem | 1Mem | Used-Mem | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | 13 |00:00:00.01 | 24 | 20 | | | | |* 1 | HASH JOIN | | 1 | 4 | 13 |00:00:00.01 | 24 | 20 | 2061K| 2061K| 429K (0)| |* 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| ORDER_ITEMS | 1 | 4 | 13 |00:00:00.01 | 7 | 6 | | | | | 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| PRODUCT_INFORMATION | 1 | 1 | 288 |00:00:00.01 | 17 | 14 | | | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SELECT /*+ gather_plan_statistics */ product_name FROM order_items o, product_information p WHERE o.unit_price = 15 AND quantity > 1 AND p.product_id = o.product_id Plan hash value: 1553478007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers | OMem | 1Mem | Used-Mem | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | 13 |00:00:00.01 | 24 | | | | |* 1 | HASH JOIN | | 1 | 13 | 13 |00:00:00.01 | 24 | 2061K| 2061K| 413K (0)| |* 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| ORDER_ITEMS | 1 | 13 | 13 |00:00:00.01 | 7 | | | | | 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| PRODUCT_INFORMATION | 1 | 288 | 288 |00:00:00.01 | 17 | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note ----- - statistics feedback used for this statement SQL> select count(*) from v$SQL where SQL_ID='cz0hg2zkvd10y'; COUNT(*) ---------- 2 SQL>select sql_ID,USE_FEEDBACK_STATS FROM V$SQL_SHARED_CURSOR where USE_FEEDBACK_STATS ='Y'; SQL_ID U ------------- - cz0hg2zkvd10y Y ????????Cardinality feedback????,???????????????????????????,????????????order_items???????? ????2??????plan hash value??(??????????),?????2????child cursor??????gather_plan_statistics???actual : A-ROWS  estimate :E-ROWS????????? Automatic Re-optimization ???dynamic plan, Re-optimization???????????????  ?  ??????????????? ????????????????????????????????  ???????????,??????????????, ???????????????????? ???????????  Re-optimization??, ????????????????????? Re-optimization????dynamic plan??????????  dynamic plan????????????????????, ???????????????????? ????,??????????join order ??????????????,?????????????join order????? ??????,????????Re-optimization, ??Re-optimization ??????????????????? ?Oracle database 12c?,join statistics?????????????????????,??????????????????????Re-optimization???????????adaptive cursor sharing????? ????????????????,???????????? ????? ???????statistics collectors ????????????????????Re-optimization??????2?????????????,???????????????? ??????????????Re-optimization?????,?????????????????????? ???v$SQL??????IS_REOPTIMIZABLE?????????????????????Re-optimization,??????????Re-optimization???,?????Re-optimization ,???????reporting????? IS_REOPTIMIZABLE VARCHAR2(1) This columns shows whether the next execution matching this child cursor will trigger a reoptimization. The values are:   Y: If the next execution will trigger a reoptimization R: If the child cursor contains reoptimization information, but will not trigger reoptimization because the cursor was compiled in reporting mode N: If the child cursor has no reoptimization information ??1: select plan_table_output from table (dbms_xplan.display_cursor('gwf99gfnm0t7g',NULL,'ALLSTATS LAST')); SQL_ID  gwf99gfnm0t7g, child number 0 ------------------------------------- SELECT /*+ SFTEST gather_plan_statistics */ o.order_id, v.product_name FROM  orders o,   ( SELECT order_id, product_name FROM order_items o, product_information p     WHERE  p.product_id = o.product_id AND list_price < 50 AND min_price < 40  ) v WHERE o.order_id = v.order_id Plan hash value: 1906736282 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id  | Operation             | Name                | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows |   A-Time   | Buffers | Reads  |  OMem |  1Mem | Used-Mem | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |   0 | SELECT STATEMENT      |                     |      1 |        |    269 |00:00:00.02 |    1336 |     18 |       |       |          | |   1 |  NESTED LOOPS         |                     |      1 |      1 |    269 |00:00:00.02 |    1336 |     18 |       |       |          | |   2 |   MERGE JOIN CARTESIAN|                     |      1 |      4 |   9135 |00:00:00.02 |      34 |     15 |       |       |          | |*  3 |    TABLE ACCESS FULL  | PRODUCT_INFORMATION |      1 |      1 |     87 |00:00:00.01 |      33 |     14 |       |       |          | |   4 |    BUFFER SORT        |                     |     87 |    105 |   9135 |00:00:00.01 |       1 |      1 |  4096 |  4096 | 4096  (0)| |   5 |     INDEX FULL SCAN   | ORDER_PK            |      1 |    105 |    105 |00:00:00.01 |       1 |      1 |       |       |          | |*  6 |   INDEX UNIQUE SCAN   | ORDER_ITEMS_UK      |   9135 |      1 |    269 |00:00:00.01 |    1302 |      3 |       |       |          | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Predicate Information (identified by operation id): ---------------------------------------------------    3 - filter(("MIN_PRICE"<40 AND "LIST_PRICE"<50))    6 - access("O"."ORDER_ID"="ORDER_ID" AND "P"."PRODUCT_ID"="O"."PRODUCT_ID") SQL_ID  gwf99gfnm0t7g, child number 1 ------------------------------------- SELECT /*+ SFTEST gather_plan_statistics */ o.order_id, v.product_name FROM  orders o,   ( SELECT order_id, product_name FROM order_items o, product_information p     WHERE  p.product_id = o.product_id AND list_price < 50 AND min_price < 40  ) v WHERE o.order_id = v.order_id Plan hash value: 35479787 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id  | Operation              | Name                | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows |   A-Time   | Buffers | Reads  |  OMem |  1Mem | Used-Mem | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |   0 | SELECT STATEMENT       |                     |      1 |        |    269 |00:00:00.01 |      63 |      3 |       |       |          | |   1 |  NESTED LOOPS          |                     |      1 |    269 |    269 |00:00:00.01 |      63 |      3 |       |       |          | |*  2 |   HASH JOIN            |                     |      1 |    313 |    269 |00:00:00.01 |      42 |      3 |  1321K|  1321K| 1234K (0)| |*  3 |    TABLE ACCESS FULL   | PRODUCT_INFORMATION |      1 |     87 |     87 |00:00:00.01 |      16 |      0 |       |       |          | |   4 |    INDEX FAST FULL SCAN| ORDER_ITEMS_UK      |      1 |    665 |    665 |00:00:00.01 |      26 |      3 |       |       |          | |*  5 |   INDEX UNIQUE SCAN    | ORDER_PK            |    269 |      1 |    269 |00:00:00.01 |      21 |      0 |       |       |          | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Predicate Information (identified by operation id): ---------------------------------------------------    2 - access("P"."PRODUCT_ID"="O"."PRODUCT_ID")    3 - filter(("MIN_PRICE"<40 AND "LIST_PRICE"<50))    5 - access("O"."ORDER_ID"="ORDER_ID") Note -----    - statistics feedback used for this statement    SQL> select IS_REOPTIMIZABLE,child_number FROM V$SQL  A where A.SQL_ID='gwf99gfnm0t7g'; IS CHILD_NUMBER -- ------------ Y             0 N             1    1* select child_number,other_xml From v$SQL_PLAN  where SQL_ID='gwf99gfnm0t7g' and other_xml is not nul SQL> / CHILD_NUMBER OTHER_XML ------------ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------            1 <other_xml><info type="cardinality_feedback">yes</info><info type="db_version">1              2.1.0.1</info><info type="parse_schema"><![CDATA["OE"]]></info><info type="plan_              hash">35479787</info><info type="plan_hash_2">3382491761</info><outline_data><hi              nt><![CDATA[IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS]]></hint><hint><![CDATA[OPTIMIZER_FEATUR              ES_ENABLE('12.1.0.1')]]></hint><hint><![CDATA[DB_VERSION('12.1.0.1')]]></hint><h              int><![CDATA[ALL_ROWS]]></hint><hint><![CDATA[OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$F5BB74E1")]]></              hint><hint><![CDATA[MERGE(@"SEL$2")]]></hint><hint><![CDATA[OUTLINE(@"SEL$1")]]>              </hint><hint><![CDATA[OUTLINE(@"SEL$2")]]></hint><hint><![CDATA[FULL(@"SEL$F5BB7              4E1" "P"@"SEL$2")]]></hint><hint><![CDATA[INDEX_FFS(@"SEL$F5BB74E1" "O"@"SEL$2"              ("ORDER_ITEMS"."ORDER_ID" "ORDER_ITEMS"."PRODUCT_ID"))]]></hint><hint><![CDATA[I              NDEX(@"SEL$F5BB74E1" "O"@"SEL$1" ("ORDERS"."ORDER_ID"))]]></hint><hint><![CDATA[              LEADING(@"SEL$F5BB74E1" "P"@"SEL$2" "O"@"SEL$2" "O"@"SEL$1")]]></hint><hint><![C              DATA[USE_HASH(@"SEL$F5BB74E1" "O"@"SEL$2")]]></hint><hint><![CDATA[USE_NL(@"SEL$              F5BB74E1" "O"@"SEL$1")]]></hint></outline_data></other_xml>            0 <other_xml><info type="db_version">12.1.0.1</info><info type="parse_schema"><![C              DATA["OE"]]></info><info type="plan_hash">1906736282</info><info type="plan_hash              _2">2579473118</info><outline_data><hint><![CDATA[IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS]]>              </hint><hint><![CDATA[OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('12.1.0.1')]]></hint><hint><![CD              ATA[DB_VERSION('12.1.0.1')]]></hint><hint><![CDATA[ALL_ROWS]]></hint><hint><![CD              ATA[OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$F5BB74E1")]]></hint><hint><![CDATA[MERGE(@"SEL$2")]]></hi              nt><hint><![CDATA[OUTLINE(@"SEL$1")]]></hint><hint><![CDATA[OUTLINE(@"SEL$2")]]>              </hint><hint><![CDATA[FULL(@"SEL$F5BB74E1" "P"@"SEL$2")]]></hint><hint><![CDATA[              INDEX(@"SEL$F5BB74E1" "O"@"SEL$1" ("ORDERS"."ORDER_ID"))]]></hint><hint><![CDATA              [INDEX(@"SEL$F5BB74E1" "O"@"SEL$2" ("ORDER_ITEMS"."ORDER_ID" "ORDER_ITEMS"."PROD              UCT_ID"))]]></hint><hint><![CDATA[LEADING(@"SEL$F5BB74E1" "P"@"SEL$2" "O"@"SEL$1              " "O"@"SEL$2")]]></hint><hint><![CDATA[USE_MERGE_CARTESIAN(@"SEL$F5BB74E1" "O"@"              SEL$1")]]></hint><hint><![CDATA[USE_NL(@"SEL$F5BB74E1" "O"@"SEL$2")]]></hint></o              utline_data></other_xml> ??2: SELECT /*+gather_plan_statistics*/ * FROM customers WHERE cust_state_province='CA' AND country_id='US'; SELECT * FROM TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR(FORMAT=>'ALLSTATS LAST')); PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT ------------------------------------- SQL_ID b74nw722wjvy3, child number 0 ------------------------------------- select /*+gather_plan_statistics*/ * from customers where CUST_STATE_PROVINCE='CA' and country_id='US' Plan hash value: 1683234692 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers | Reads | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | 29 |00:00:00.01 | 17 | 14 | |* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| CUSTOMERS | 1 | 8 | 29 |00:00:00.01 | 17 | 14 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Predicate Information (identified by operation id): --------------------------------------------------- 1 - filter(("CUST_STATE_PROVINCE"='CA' AND "COUNTRY_ID"='US')) SELECT SQL_ID, CHILD_NUMBER, SQL_TEXT, IS_REOPTIMIZABLE FROM V$SQL WHERE SQL_TEXT LIKE 'SELECT /*+gather_plan_statistics*/%'; SQL_ID CHILD_NUMBER SQL_TEXT I ------------- ------------ ----------- - b74nw722wjvy3 0 select /*+g Y ather_plan_ statistics* / * from cu stomers whe re CUST_STA TE_PROVINCE ='CA' and c ountry_id=' US' EXEC DBMS_SPD.FLUSH_SQL_PLAN_DIRECTIVE; SELECT TO_CHAR(d.DIRECTIVE_ID) dir_id, o.OWNER, o.OBJECT_NAME, o.SUBOBJECT_NAME col_name, o.OBJECT_TYPE, d.TYPE, d.STATE, d.REASON FROM DBA_SQL_PLAN_DIRECTIVES d, DBA_SQL_PLAN_DIR_OBJECTS o WHERE d.DIRECTIVE_ID=o.DIRECTIVE_ID AND o.OWNER IN ('SH') ORDER BY 1,2,3,4,5; DIR_ID OWNER OBJECT_NAME COL_NAME OBJECT TYPE STATE REASON ----------------------- ----- ------------- ----------- ------ ---------------- ----- ------------------------ 1484026771529551585 SH CUSTOMERS COUNTRY_ID COLUMN DYNAMIC_SAMPLING NEW SINGLE TABLE CARDINALITY MISESTIMATE 1484026771529551585 SH CUSTOMERS CUST_STATE_ COLUMN DYNAMIC_SAMPLING NEW SINGLE TABLE CARDINALITY PROVINCE MISESTIMATE 1484026771529551585 SH CUSTOMERS TABLE DYNAMIC_SAMPLING NEW SINGLE TABLE CARDINALITY MISESTIMATE SELECT /*+gather_plan_statistics*/ * FROM customers WHERE cust_state_province='CA' AND country_id='US'; ELECT * FROM TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR(FORMAT=>'ALLSTATS LAST')); PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT ------------------------------------- SQL_ID b74nw722wjvy3, child number 1 ------------------------------------- select /*+gather_plan_statistics*/ * from customers where CUST_STATE_PROVINCE='CA' and country_id='US' Plan hash value: 1683234692 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | 29 |00:00:00.01 | 17 | |* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| CUSTOMERS | 1 | 29 | 29 |00:00:00.01 | 17 | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Predicate Information (identified by operation id): --------------------------------------------------- 1 - filter(("CUST_STATE_PROVINCE"='CA' AND "COUNTRY_ID"='US')) Note ----- - cardinality feedback used for this statement SELECT SQL_ID, CHILD_NUMBER, SQL_TEXT, IS_REOPTIMIZABLE FROM V$SQL WHERE SQL_TEXT LIKE 'SELECT /*+gather_plan_statistics*/%'; SQL_ID CHILD_NUMBER SQL_TEXT I ------------- ------------ ----------- - b74nw722wjvy3 0 select /*+g Y ather_plan_ statistics* / * from cu stomers whe re CUST_STA TE_PROVINCE ='CA' and c ountry_id=' US' b74nw722wjvy3 1 select /*+g N ather_plan_ statistics* / * from cu stomers whe re CUST_STA TE_PROVINCE ='CA' and c ountry_id=' US' SELECT /*+gather_plan_statistics*/ CUST_EMAIL FROM CUSTOMERS WHERE CUST_STATE_PROVINCE='MA' AND COUNTRY_ID='US'; SELECT * FROM TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR(FORMAT=>'ALLSTATS LAST')); PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT ------------------------------------- SQL_ID 3tk6hj3nkcs2u, child number 0 ------------------------------------- Select /*+gather_plan_statistics*/ cust_email From customers Where cust_state_province='MA' And country_id='US' Plan hash value: 1683234692 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |Id | Operation | Name | Starts|E-Rows|A-Rows| A-Time |Buffers| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | 2 |00:00:00.01| 16 | |*1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| CUSTOMERS | 1 | 2| 2 |00:00:00.01| 16 | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Predicate Information (identified by operation id): --------------------------------------------------- 1 - filter(("CUST_STATE_PROVINCE"='MA' AND "COUNTRY_ID"='US')) Note ----- - dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=2) - 1 Sql Plan Directive used for this statement EXEC DBMS_SPD.FLUSH_SQL_PLAN_DIRECTIVE; SELECT TO_CHAR(d.DIRECTIVE_ID) dir_id, o.OWNER, o.OBJECT_NAME, o.SUBOBJECT_NAME col_name, o.OBJECT_TYPE, d.TYPE, d.STATE, d.REASON FROM DBA_SQL_PLAN_DIRECTIVES d, DBA_SQL_PLAN_DIR_OBJECTS o WHERE d.DIRECTIVE_ID=o.DIRECTIVE_ID AND o.OWNER IN ('SH') ORDER BY 1,2,3,4,5; DIR_ID OW OBJECT_NA COL_NAME OBJECT TYPE STATE REASON ------------------- -- --------- ---------- ------- --------------- ------------- ------------------------ 1484026771529551585 SH CUSTOMERS COUNTRY_ID COLUMN DYNAMIC_SAMPLING MISSING_STATS SINGLE TABLE CARDINALITY MISESTIMATE 1484026771529551585 SH CUSTOMERS CUST_STATE_ COLUMN DYNAMIC_SAMPLING MISSING_STATS SINGLE TABLE CARDINALITY PROVINCE MISESTIMATE 1484026771529551585 SH CUSTOMERS TABLE DYNAMIC_SAMPLING MISSING_STATS SINGLE TABLE CARDINALITY MISESTIMATE

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  • Announcing the Release of Visual Studio 2013 and Great Improvements to ASP.NET and Entity Framework

    - by ScottGu
    Today we released VS 2013 and .NET 4.5.1. These releases include a ton of great improvements, and include some fantastic enhancements to ASP.NET and the Entity Framework.  You can download and start using them now. Below are details on a few of the great ASP.NET, Web Development, and Entity Framework improvements you can take advantage of with this release.  Please visit http://www.asp.net/vnext for additional release notes, documentation, and tutorials. One ASP.NET With the release of Visual Studio 2013, we have taken a step towards unifying the experience of using the different ASP.NET sub-frameworks (Web Forms, MVC, Web API, SignalR, etc), and you can now easily mix and match the different ASP.NET technologies you want to use within a single application. When you do a File-New Project with VS 2013 you’ll now see a single ASP.NET Project option: Selecting this project will bring up an additional dialog that allows you to start with a base project template, and then optionally add/remove the technologies you want to use in it.  For example, you could start with a Web Forms template and add Web API or Web Forms support for it, or create a MVC project and also enable Web Forms pages within it: This makes it easy for you to use any ASP.NET technology you want within your apps, and take advantage of any feature across the entire ASP.NET technology span. Richer Authentication Support The new “One ASP.NET” project dialog also includes a new Change Authentication button that, when pushed, enables you to easily change the authentication approach used by your applications – and makes it much easier to build secure applications that enable SSO from a variety of identity providers.  For example, when you start with the ASP.NET Web Forms or MVC templates you can easily add any of the following authentication options to the application: No Authentication Individual User Accounts (Single Sign-On support with FaceBook, Twitter, Google, and Microsoft ID – or Forms Auth with ASP.NET Membership) Organizational Accounts (Single Sign-On support with Windows Azure Active Directory ) Windows Authentication (Active Directory in an intranet application) The Windows Azure Active Directory support is particularly cool.  Last month we updated Windows Azure Active Directory so that developers can now easily create any number of Directories using it (for free and deployed within seconds).  It now takes only a few moments to enable single-sign-on support within your ASP.NET applications against these Windows Azure Active Directories.  Simply choose the “Organizational Accounts” radio button within the Change Authentication dialog and enter the name of your Windows Azure Active Directory to do this: This will automatically configure your ASP.NET application to use Windows Azure Active Directory and register the application with it.  Now when you run the app your users can easily and securely sign-in using their Active Directory credentials within it – regardless of where the application is hosted on the Internet. For more information about the new process for creating web projects, see Creating ASP.NET Web Projects in Visual Studio 2013. Responsive Project Templates with Bootstrap The new default project templates for ASP.NET Web Forms, MVC, Web API and SPA are built using Bootstrap. Bootstrap is an open source CSS framework that helps you build responsive websites which look great on different form factors such as mobile phones, tables and desktops. For example in a browser window the home page created by the MVC template looks like the following: When you resize the browser to a narrow window to see how it would like on a phone, you can notice how the contents gracefully wrap around and the horizontal top menu turns into an icon: When you click the menu-icon above it expands into a vertical menu – which enables a good navigation experience for small screen real-estate devices: We think Bootstrap will enable developers to build web applications that work even better on phones, tablets and other mobile devices – and enable you to easily build applications that can leverage the rich ecosystem of Bootstrap CSS templates already out there.  You can learn more about Bootstrap here. Visual Studio Web Tooling Improvements Visual Studio 2013 includes a new, much richer, HTML editor for Razor files and HTML files in web applications. The new HTML editor provides a single unified schema based on HTML5. It has automatic brace completion, jQuery UI and AngularJS attribute IntelliSense, attribute IntelliSense Grouping, and other great improvements. For example, typing “ng-“ on an HTML element will show the intellisense for AngularJS: This support for AngularJS, Knockout.js, Handlebars and other SPA technologies in this release of ASP.NET and VS 2013 makes it even easier to build rich client web applications: The screen shot below demonstrates how the HTML editor can also now inspect your page at design-time to determine all of the CSS classes that are available. In this case, the auto-completion list contains classes from Bootstrap’s CSS file. No more guessing at which Bootstrap element names you need to use: Visual Studio 2013 also comes with built-in support for both CoffeeScript and LESS editing support. The LESS editor comes with all the cool features from the CSS editor and has specific Intellisense for variables and mixins across all the LESS documents in the @import chain. Browser Link – SignalR channel between browser and Visual Studio The new Browser Link feature in VS 2013 lets you run your app within multiple browsers on your dev machine, connect them to Visual Studio, and simultaneously refresh all of them just by clicking a button in the toolbar. You can connect multiple browsers (including IE, FireFox, Chrome) to your development site, including mobile emulators, and click refresh to refresh all the browsers all at the same time.  This makes it much easier to easily develop/test against multiple browsers in parallel. Browser Link also exposes an API to enable developers to write Browser Link extensions.  By enabling developers to take advantage of the Browser Link API, it becomes possible to create very advanced scenarios that crosses boundaries between Visual Studio and any browser that’s connected to it. Web Essentials takes advantage of the API to create an integrated experience between Visual Studio and the browser’s developer tools, remote controlling mobile emulators and a lot more. You will see us take advantage of this support even more to enable really cool scenarios going forward. ASP.NET Scaffolding ASP.NET Scaffolding is a new code generation framework for ASP.NET Web applications. It makes it easy to add boilerplate code to your project that interacts with a data model. In previous versions of Visual Studio, scaffolding was limited to ASP.NET MVC projects. With Visual Studio 2013, you can now use scaffolding for any ASP.NET project, including Web Forms. When using scaffolding, we ensure that all required dependencies are automatically installed for you in the project. For example, if you start with an ASP.NET Web Forms project and then use scaffolding to add a Web API Controller, the required NuGet packages and references to enable Web API are added to your project automatically.  To do this, just choose the Add->New Scaffold Item context menu: Support for scaffolding async controllers uses the new async features from Entity Framework 6. ASP.NET Identity ASP.NET Identity is a new membership system for ASP.NET applications that we are introducing with this release. ASP.NET Identity makes it easy to integrate user-specific profile data with application data. ASP.NET Identity also allows you to choose the persistence model for user profiles in your application. You can store the data in a SQL Server database or another data store, including NoSQL data stores such as Windows Azure Storage Tables. ASP.NET Identity also supports Claims-based authentication, where the user’s identity is represented as a set of claims from a trusted issuer. Users can login by creating an account on the website using username and password, or they can login using social identity providers (such as Microsoft Account, Twitter, Facebook, Google) or using organizational accounts through Windows Azure Active Directory or Active Directory Federation Services (ADFS). To learn more about how to use ASP.NET Identity visit http://www.asp.net/identity.  ASP.NET Web API 2 ASP.NET Web API 2 has a bunch of great improvements including: Attribute routing ASP.NET Web API now supports attribute routing, thanks to a contribution by Tim McCall, the author of http://attributerouting.net. With attribute routing you can specify your Web API routes by annotating your actions and controllers like this: OAuth 2.0 support The Web API and Single Page Application project templates now support authorization using OAuth 2.0. OAuth 2.0 is a framework for authorizing client access to protected resources. It works for a variety of clients including browsers and mobile devices. OData Improvements ASP.NET Web API also now provides support for OData endpoints and enables support for both ATOM and JSON-light formats. With OData you get support for rich query semantics, paging, $metadata, CRUD operations, and custom actions over any data source. Below are some of the specific enhancements in ASP.NET Web API 2 OData. Support for $select, $expand, $batch, and $value Improved extensibility Type-less support Reuse an existing model OWIN Integration ASP.NET Web API now fully supports OWIN and can be run on any OWIN capable host. With OWIN integration, you can self-host Web API in your own process alongside other OWIN middleware, such as SignalR. For more information, see Use OWIN to Self-Host ASP.NET Web API. More Web API Improvements In addition to the features above there have been a host of other features in ASP.NET Web API, including CORS support Authentication Filters Filter Overrides Improved Unit Testability Portable ASP.NET Web API Client To learn more go to http://www.asp.net/web-api/ ASP.NET SignalR 2 ASP.NET SignalR is library for ASP.NET developers that dramatically simplifies the process of adding real-time web functionality to your applications. Real-time web functionality is the ability to have server-side code push content to connected clients instantly as it becomes available. SignalR 2.0 introduces a ton of great improvements. We’ve added support for Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) to SignalR 2.0. iOS and Android support for SignalR have also been added using the MonoTouch and MonoDroid components from the Xamarin library (for more information on how to use these additions, see the article Using Xamarin Components from the SignalR wiki). We’ve also added support for the Portable .NET Client in SignalR 2.0 and created a new self-hosting package. This change makes the setup process for SignalR much more consistent between web-hosted and self-hosted SignalR applications. To learn more go to http://www.asp.net/signalr. ASP.NET MVC 5 The ASP.NET MVC project templates integrate seamlessly with the new One ASP.NET experience and enable you to integrate all of the above ASP.NET Web API, SignalR and Identity improvements. You can also customize your MVC project and configure authentication using the One ASP.NET project creation wizard. The MVC templates have also been updated to use ASP.NET Identity and Bootstrap as well. An introductory tutorial to ASP.NET MVC 5 can be found at Getting Started with ASP.NET MVC 5. This release of ASP.NET MVC also supports several nice new MVC-specific features including: Authentication filters: These filters allow you to specify authentication logic per-action, per-controller or globally for all controllers. Attribute Routing: Attribute Routing allows you to define your routes on actions or controllers. To learn more go to http://www.asp.net/mvc Entity Framework 6 Improvements Visual Studio 2013 ships with Entity Framework 6, which bring a lot of great new features to the data access space: Async and Task<T> Support EF6’s new Async Query and Save support enables you to perform asynchronous data access and take advantage of the Task<T> support introduced in .NET 4.5 within data access scenarios.  This allows you to free up threads that might otherwise by blocked on data access requests, and enable them to be used to process other requests whilst you wait for the database engine to process operations. When the database server responds the thread will be re-queued within your ASP.NET application and execution will continue.  This enables you to easily write significantly more scalable server code. Here is an example ASP.NET WebAPI action that makes use of the new EF6 async query methods: Interception and Logging Interception and SQL logging allows you to view – or even change – every command that is sent to the database by Entity Framework. This includes a simple, human readable log – which is great for debugging – as well as some lower level building blocks that give you access to the command and results. Here is an example of wiring up the simple log to Debug in the constructor of an MVC controller: Custom Code-First Conventions The new Custom Code-First Conventions enable bulk configuration of a Code First model – reducing the amount of code you need to write and maintain. Conventions are great when your domain classes don’t match the Code First conventions. For example, the following convention configures all properties that are called ‘Key’ to be the primary key of the entity they belong to. This is different than the default Code First convention that expects Id or <type name>Id. Connection Resiliency The new Connection Resiliency feature in EF6 enables you to register an execution strategy to handle – and potentially retry – failed database operations. This is especially useful when deploying to cloud environments where dropped connections become more common as you traverse load balancers and distributed networks. EF6 includes a built-in execution strategy for SQL Azure that knows about retryable exception types and has some sensible – but overridable – defaults for the number of retries and time between retries when errors occur. Registering it is simple using the new Code-Based Configuration support: These are just some of the new features in EF6. You can visit the release notes section of the Entity Framework site for a complete list of new features. Microsoft OWIN Components Open Web Interface for .NET (OWIN) defines an open abstraction between .NET web servers and web applications, and the ASP.NET “Katana” project brings this abstraction to ASP.NET. OWIN decouples the web application from the server, making web applications host-agnostic. For example, you can host an OWIN-based web application in IIS or self-host it in a custom process. For more information about OWIN and Katana, see What's new in OWIN and Katana. Summary Today’s Visual Studio 2013, ASP.NET and Entity Framework release delivers some fantastic new features that streamline your web development lifecycle. These feature span from server framework to data access to tooling to client-side HTML development.  They also integrate some great open-source technology and contributions from our developer community. Download and start using them today! Scott P.S. In addition to blogging, I am also now using Twitter for quick updates and to share links. Follow me at: twitter.com/scottgu

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  • Passing parameters between Silverlight and ASP.NET – Part 1

    - by mohanbrij
    While working with Silverlight applications, we may face some scenarios where we may need to embed Silverlight as a component, like for e.g in Sharepoint Webpars or simple we can have the same with ASP.NET. The biggest challenge comes when we have to pass the parameters from ASP.NET to Silverlight components or back from Silverlight to ASP.NET. We have lots of ways we can do this, like using InitParams, QueryStrings, using HTML objects in Silverlight, etc. All these different techniques have some advantages or disadvantages or limitations. Lets see one by one why we should choose one and what are the ways to achieve the same. 1. InitParams: Lets start with InitParams, Start your Visual Studio 2010 IDE, and Create a Silverlight Application, give any name. Now go to the ASP.NET WebProject which is used to Host the Silverlight XAP component. You will find lots of different tags are used by Silverlight object as <params> tags. To use InitParams, Silverlight provides us with a tag called InitParams which we can use to pass parameters to Silverlight object from ASP.NET. 1: <object data="data:application/x-silverlight-2," type="application/x-silverlight-2" width="100%" height="100%"> 2: <param name="source" value="ClientBin/SilverlightApp.xap"/> 3: <param name="onError" value="onSilverlightError" /> 4: <param name="background" value="white" /> 5: <param name="minRuntimeVersion" value="4.0.50826.0" /> 6: <param name="initparams" id="initParams" runat="server" value=""/> 7: <param name="autoUpgrade" value="true" /> 8: <a href="http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=149156&v=4.0.50826.0" style="text-decoration:none"> 9: <img src="http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=161376" alt="Get Microsoft Silverlight" style="border-style:none"/> 10: </a> 11: </object> Here in the code above I have included a initParam as a param tag (line 6), now in the page load I will add a line 1: initParams.Attributes.Add("value", "key1=Brij, key2=Mohan"); This basically add a value parameter inside the initParam. So thats all we need in our ASP.NET side, now coming to the Silverlight Code open the code behind of App.xaml and add the following lines of code. 1: private string firstKey, secondKey; 2: private void Application_Startup(object sender, StartupEventArgs e) 3: { 4: if (e.InitParams.ContainsKey("key1")) 5: this.firstKey = e.InitParams["key1"]; 6: if (e.InitParams.ContainsKey("key2")) 7: this.secondKey = e.InitParams["key2"]; 8: this.RootVisual = new MainPage(firstKey, secondKey); 9: } This code fetch the init params and pass it to our MainPage.xaml constructor, in the MainPage.xaml we can use these variables according to our requirement, here in this example I am simply displaying the variables in a Message Box. 1: public MainPage(string param1, string param2) 2: { 3: InitializeComponent(); 4: MessageBox.Show("Welcome, " + param1 + " " + param2); 5: } This will give you a sample output as Limitations: Depending on the browsers you have some limitation on the overall string length of the parameters you can pass. To get more details on this limitation, you can refer to this link :http://www.boutell.com/newfaq/misc/urllength.html 2. QueryStrings To show this example I am taking the scenario where we have a default.aspx page and we are going to the SIlverlightTestPage.aspx, and we have to work with the parameters which was passed by default.aspx in the SilverlightTestPage.aspx Silverlight Component. So first I will add a new page in my application which contains a button with ID =btnNext, and on click of the button I will redirect my page to my SilverlightTestAppPage.aspx with the required query strings. Code of Default.aspx 1: protected void btnNext_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 2: { 3: Response.Redirect("~/SilverlightAppTestPage.aspx?FName=Brij" + "&LName=Mohan"); 4: } Code of MainPage.xaml.cs 1: public partial class MainPage : UserControl 2: { 3: public MainPage() 4: { 5: InitializeComponent(); 6: this.Loaded += new RoutedEventHandler(MainPage_Loaded); 7: } 8: 9: void MainPage_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 10: { 11: IDictionary<string, string> qString = HtmlPage.Document.QueryString; 12: string firstName = string.Empty; 13: string lastName = string.Empty; 14: foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> keyValuePair in qString) 15: { 16: string key = keyValuePair.Key; 17: string value = keyValuePair.Value; 18: if (key == "FName") 19: firstName = value; 20: else if (key == "LName") 21: lastName = value; 22: } 23: MessageBox.Show("Welcome, " + firstName + " " + lastName); 24: } 25: } Set the Startup page as Default.aspx, now run the application. This will give you the following output: Since here also you are using the Query Strings to pass your parameters, so you are depending on the browser capabilities of the length of the query strings it can pass. Here also you can refer the limitation which I have mentioned in my previous example for the length of parameters you can use.   3. Using HtmlPage.Document Silverlight to ASP.NET <—> ASP.NET to Silverlight: To show this I setup a sample Silverlight Application with Buttons Get Data and Set Data with the Data Text Box. In ASP.NET page I kep a TextBox to Show how the values passed to and From Silverlight to ASP.NET reflects back. My page with Silverlight control looks like this. When I Say Get Data it pulls the data from ASP.NET to Silverlight Control Text Box, and When I say Set data it basically Set the Value from Silverlight Control TextBox to ASP.NET TextBox. Now let see the code how it is doing. This is my ASP.NET Source Code. Here I have just created a TextBox named : txtData 1: <body> 2: <form id="form1" runat="server" style="height:100%"> 3: <div id="silverlightControlHost"> 4: ASP.NET TextBox: <input type="text" runat="server" id="txtData" value="Some Data" /> 5: <object data="data:application/x-silverlight-2," type="application/x-silverlight-2" width="100%" height="100%"> 6: <param name="source" value="ClientBin/SilverlightApplication1.xap"/> 7: <param name="onError" value="onSilverlightError" /> 8: <param name="background" value="white" /> 9: <param name="minRuntimeVersion" value="4.0.50826.0" /> 10: <param name="autoUpgrade" value="true" /> 11: <a href="http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=149156&v=4.0.50826.0" style="text-decoration:none"> 12: <img src="http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=161376" alt="Get Microsoft Silverlight" style="border-style:none"/> 13: </a> 14: </object><iframe id="_sl_historyFrame" style="visibility:hidden;height:0px;width:0px;border:0px"></iframe> 15: </div> 16: </form> 17: </body> My actual logic for getting and setting the data lies in my Silverlight Control, this is my XAML code with TextBox and Buttons. 1: <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="White" Height="100" Width="450" VerticalAlignment="Top"> 2: <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> 3: <ColumnDefinition Width="110" /> 4: <ColumnDefinition Width="110" /> 5: <ColumnDefinition Width="110" /> 6: <ColumnDefinition Width="110" /> 7: </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> 8: <TextBlock Text="Silverlight Text Box: " Grid.Column="0" VerticalAlignment="Center"></TextBlock> 9: <TextBox x:Name="DataText" Width="100" Grid.Column="1" Height="20"></TextBox> 10: <Button x:Name="GetData" Width="100" Click="GetData_Click" Grid.Column="2" Height="30" Content="Get Data"></Button> 11: <Button x:Name="SetData" Width="100" Click="SetData_Click" Grid.Column="3" Height="30" Content="Set Data"></Button> 12: </Grid> Now we have to write few lines of Button Events for Get Data and Set Data which basically make use of Windows.System.Browser namespace. 1: private void GetData_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 2: { 3: DataText.Text = HtmlPage.Document.GetElementById("txtData").GetProperty("value").ToString(); 4: } 5:  6: private void SetData_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 7: { 8: HtmlPage.Document.GetElementById("txtData").SetProperty("value", DataText.Text); 9: } That’s it so when we run this application my Form will look like this. 4. Using Object Serialization. This is a useful when we want to pass Objects of Data from our ASP.NET application to Silverlight Controls and back. This technique basically uses the above technique I mentioned in Pint 3 above. Since this itself is a length topic so details of this I am going to cover in Part 2 of this Post with Sample Code Example very soon.

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  • Mobile Friendly Websites with CSS Media Queries

    - by dwahlin
    In a previous post the concept of CSS media queries was introduced and I discussed the fundamentals of how they can be used to target different screen sizes. I showed how they could be used to convert a 3-column wide page into a more vertical view of data that displays better on devices such as an iPhone:     In this post I'll provide an additional look at how CSS media queries can be used to mobile-enable a sample site called "Widget Masters" without having to change any server-side code or HTML code. The site that will be discussed is shown next:     This site has some of the standard items shown in most websites today including a title area, menu bar, and sections where data is displayed. Without including CSS media queries the site is readable but has to be zoomed out to see everything on a mobile device, cuts-off some of the menu items, and requires horizontal scrolling to get to additional content. The following image shows what the site looks like on an iPhone. While the site works on mobile devices it's definitely not optimized for mobile.     Let's take a look at how CSS media queries can be used to override existing styles in the site based on different screen widths. Adding CSS Media Queries into a Site The Widget Masters Website relies on standard CSS combined with HTML5 elements to provide the layout shown earlier. For example, to layout the menu bar shown at the top of the page the nav element is used as shown next. A standard div element could certainly be used as well if desired.   <nav> <ul class="clearfix"> <li><a href="#home">Home</a></li> <li><a href="#products">Products</a></li> <li><a href="#aboutus">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="#contactus">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="#store">Store</a></li> </ul> </nav>   This HTML is combined with the CSS shown next to add a CSS3 gradient, handle the horizontal orientation, and add some general hover effects.   nav { width: 100%; } nav ul { border-radius: 6px; height: 40px; width: 100%; margin: 0; padding: 0; background: rgb(125,126,125); /* Old browsers */ background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, rgba(125,126,125,1) 0%, rgba(14,14,14,1) 100%); /* FF3.6+ */ background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%,rgba(125,126,125,1)), color-stop(100%,rgba(14,14,14,1))); /* Chrome,Safari4+ */ background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, rgba(125,126,125,1) 0%, rgba(14,14,14,1) 100%); /* Chrome10+,Safari5.1+ */ background: -o-linear-gradient(top, rgba(125,126,125,1) 0%, rgba(14,14,14,1) 100%); /* Opera 11.10+ */ background: -ms-linear-gradient(top, rgba(125,126,125,1) 0%, rgba(14,14,14,1) 100%); /* IE10+ */ background: linear-gradient(top, rgba(125,126,125,1) 0%, rgba(14,14,14,1) 100%); /* W3C */ filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#7d7e7d', endColorstr='#0e0e0e',GradientType=0 ); /* IE6-9 */ } nav ul > li { list-style: none; float: left; margin: 0; padding: 0; } nav ul > li:first-child { margin-left: 8px; } nav ul > li > a { color: #ccc; text-decoration: none; line-height: 2.8em; font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold; padding: 8px 25px 7px 25px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } nav ul > li a:hover { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); color: #fff; }   When mobile devices hit the site the layout of the menu items needs to be adjusted so that they're all visible without having to swipe left or right to get to them. This type of modification can be accomplished using CSS media queries by targeting specific screen sizes. To start, a media query can be added into the site's CSS file as shown next: @media screen and (max-width:320px) { /* CSS style overrides for this screen width go here */ } This media query targets screens that have a maximum width of 320 pixels. Additional types of queries can also be added – refer to my previous post for more details as well as resources that can be used to test media queries in different devices. In that post I emphasize (and I'll emphasize again) that CSS media queries only modify the overall layout and look and feel of a site. They don't optimize the site as far as the size of the images or content sent to the device which is important to keep in mind. To make the navigation menu more accessible on devices such as an iPhone or Android the CSS shown next can be used. This code changes the height of the menu from 40 pixels to 100%, takes off the li element floats, changes the line-height, and changes the margins.   @media screen and (max-width:320px) { nav ul { height: 100%; } nav ul > li { float: none; } nav ul > li a { line-height: 1.5em; } nav ul > li:first-child { margin-left: 0px; } /* Additional CSS overrides go here */ }   The following image shows an example of what the menu look like when run on a device with a width of 320 pixels:   Mobile devices with a maximum width of 480 pixels need different CSS styles applied since they have 160 additional pixels of width. This can be done by adding a new CSS media query into the stylesheet as shown next. Looking through the CSS you'll see that only a minimal override is added to adjust the padding of anchor tags since the menu fits by default in this screen width.   @media screen and (max-width: 480px) { nav ul > li > a { padding: 8px 10px 7px 10px; } }   Running the site on a device with 480 pixels results in the menu shown next being rendered. Notice that the space between the menu items is much smaller compared to what was shown when the main site loads in a standard browser.     In addition to modifying the menu, the 3 horizontal content sections shown earlier can be changed from a horizontal layout to a vertical layout so that they look good on a variety of smaller mobile devices and are easier to navigate by end users. The HTML5 article and section elements are used as containers for the 3 sections in the site as shown next:   <article class="clearfix"> <section id="info"> <header>Why Choose Us?</header> <br /> <img id="mainImage" src="Images/ArticleImage.png" title="Article Image" /> <p> Post emensos insuperabilis expeditionis eventus languentibus partium animis, quas periculorum varietas fregerat et laborum, nondum tubarum cessante clangore vel milite locato per stationes hibernas. </p> </section> <section id="products"> <header>Products</header> <br /> <img id="gearsImage" src="Images/Gears.png" title="Article Image" /> <p> <ul> <li>Widget 1</li> <li>Widget 2</li> <li>Widget 3</li> <li>Widget 4</li> <li>Widget 5</li> </ul> </p> </section> <section id="FAQ"> <header>FAQ</header> <br /> <img id="faqImage" src="Images/faq.png" title="Article Image" /> <p> <ul> <li>FAQ 1</li> <li>FAQ 2</li> <li>FAQ 3</li> <li>FAQ 4</li> <li>FAQ 5</li> </ul> </p> </section> </article>   To force the sections into a vertical layout for smaller mobile devices the CSS styles shown next can be added into the media queries targeting 320 pixel and 480 pixel widths. Styles to target the display size of the images in each section are also included. It's important to note that the original image is still being downloaded from the server and isn't being optimized in any way for the mobile device. It's certainly possible for the CSS to include URL information for a mobile-optimized image if desired. @media screen and (max-width:320px) { section { float: none; width: 97%; margin: 0px; padding: 5px; } #wrapper { padding: 5px; width: 96%; } #mainImage, #gearsImage, #faqImage { width: 100%; height: 100px; } } @media screen and (max-width: 480px) { section { float: none; width: 98%; margin: 0px 0px 10px 0px; padding: 5px; } article > section:last-child { margin-right: 0px; float: none; } #bottomSection { width: 99%; } #wrapper { padding: 5px; width: 96%; } #mainImage, #gearsImage, #faqImage { width: 100%; height: 100px; } }   The following images show the site rendered on an iPhone with the CSS media queries in place. Each of the sections now displays vertically making it much easier for the user to access them. Images inside of each section also scale appropriately to fit properly.     CSS media queries provide a great way to override default styles in a website and target devices with different resolutions. In this post you've seen how CSS media queries can be used to convert a standard browser-based site into a site that is more accessible to mobile users. Although much more can be done to optimize sites for mobile, CSS media queries provide a nice starting point if you don't have the time or resources to create mobile-specific versions of sites.

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  • sqllite and populating list view, android

    - by Rob Bushway
    I am populating a text and list view from a sqllite database. The data is populating from the cursor correctly (I see the list filling with text rows), but I'm not able to see the actual text in the rows - all I see are empty rows. For the life of me, I can't figure out what I'm not able to see the data in the text rows. My layouts: Tab layout: list layout: row layout: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> / My topics activity package com.gotquestions.gqapp; import com.gotquestions.gqapp.R.layout; import android.R; import android.app.ListActivity; import android.database.Cursor; import android.database.SQLException; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.SimpleCursorAdapter; public class TopicsActivity extends ListActivity { private DataBaseHelper myDbHelper; public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); // DataBaseHelper myDbHelper = new DataBaseHelper(this); myDbHelper = new DataBaseHelper(this); //test try { myDbHelper.openDataBase(); }catch(SQLException sqle){ throw sqle; } setContentView(layout.list_layout); Cursor c = myDbHelper.fetchAllTopics(); startManagingCursor(c); String[] from = new String[] { DataBaseHelper.KEY_TITLE }; int[] to = new int[] { R.id.text1 }; // Now create an array adapter and set it to display using our row SimpleCursorAdapter notes = new SimpleCursorAdapter(this, layout.notes_row, c, from, to); setListAdapter(notes); myDbHelper.close(); } } My database helper: package com.gotquestions.gqapp; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import android.content.Context; import android.database.Cursor; import android.database.SQLException; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteException; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper; import android.util.Log; public class DataBaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper{ //The Android's default system path of your application database. private static String DB_PATH = "/data/data/com.gotquestions.gqapp/databases/"; private static String DB_NAME = "gotquestions_database.mp3"; public static final String KEY_TITLE = "topic_title"; public static final String KEY_ARTICLE_TITLE = "article_title"; public static final String KEY_ROWID = "_id"; private static final String TAG = null; private SQLiteDatabase myDataBase; // private final Context myContext; /** * Constructor * Takes and keeps a reference of the passed context in order to access to the application assets and resources. * @param context */ public DataBaseHelper(Context context) { super(context, DB_NAME, null, 1); this.myContext = context; } /** * Creates a empty database on the system and rewrites it with your own database. * */ public void createDataBase() throws IOException{ boolean dbExist = checkDataBase(); if(dbExist){ //do nothing - database already exist }else{ //By calling this method and empty database will be created into the default system path //of your application so we are gonna be able to overwrite that database with our database. this.getReadableDatabase(); try { copyDataBase(); } catch (IOException e) { throw new Error("Error copying database"); } } } /** * Check if the database already exist to avoid re-copying the file each time you open the application. * @return true if it exists, false if it doesn't */ private boolean checkDataBase(){ SQLiteDatabase checkDB = null; try{ String myPath = DB_PATH + DB_NAME; checkDB = SQLiteDatabase.openDatabase(myPath, null, SQLiteDatabase.OPEN_READONLY); }catch(SQLiteException e){ //database does't exist yet. } if(checkDB != null){ checkDB.close(); } return checkDB != null ? true : false; } /** * Copies your database from your local assets-folder to the just created empty database in the * system folder, from where it can be accessed and handled. * This is done by transfering bytestream. * */ private void copyDataBase() throws IOException{ //Open your local db as the input stream InputStream myInput = myContext.getAssets().open(DB_NAME); // Path to the just created empty db String outFileName = DB_PATH + DB_NAME; //Open the empty db as the output stream OutputStream myOutput = new FileOutputStream(outFileName); //transfer bytes from the inputfile to the outputfile byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int length; while ((length = myInput.read(buffer))>0){ myOutput.write(buffer, 0, length); } //Close the streams myOutput.flush(); myOutput.close(); myInput.close(); } public void openDataBase() throws SQLException{ //Open the database String myPath = DB_PATH + DB_NAME; myDataBase = SQLiteDatabase.openDatabase(myPath, null, SQLiteDatabase.OPEN_READONLY); } @Override public synchronized void close() { if(myDataBase != null) myDataBase.close(); super.close(); } @Override public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @Override public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) { Log.w(TAG, "Upgrading database from version " + oldVersion + " to " + newVersion + ", which will destroy all old data"); db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS titles"); onCreate(db); } public Cursor getTitle(long rowId) throws SQLException { Cursor mCursor = myDataBase.query(true, "topics", new String[] { KEY_ROWID, KEY_TITLE }, KEY_ROWID + "=" + rowId, null, null, null, null, null); if (mCursor != null) { mCursor.moveToFirst(); } return mCursor; } public Cursor fetchAllTopics() { return myDataBase.query("topics", new String[] {KEY_ROWID, KEY_TITLE}, null, null, null, null, null); }; public Cursor fetchAllFavorites() { return myDataBase.query("articles", new String[] { KEY_ROWID, KEY_ARTICLE_TITLE}, null, null, null, null, null); }; }

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