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• Which way is the fastest to `dd` to the last 512 kilobytes of disk

  - by teerapap

  I have a 512G disk and I want to clear the last 512k bytes at the end of the disk. I usually clear it by dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/da0 the whole disk. Which way is the fastest to do this operation?

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• Volume expanded in Volume Group, old disk reduced but still in use in system

  - by Yurij73

  Tryed to add a new hard sdb (not formated) to my virtualbox Centos. Successfully extended an existing vg_localhost to /dev/sdb/ # lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vg_localhost/lv_root LV Name lv_root VG Name vg_localhost LV UUID DkYX7D-DMud-vLaI-tfnz-xIJJ-VzHz-bRp3tO LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost.centos, 2012-12-17 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 18,03 GiB Current LE 4615 Segments 2 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sdb 8:16 0 20G 0 disk +-vg_localhost-lv_root (dm-0) 253:0 0 18G 0 lvm / +-vg_localhost-lv_swap (dm-1) 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP] sda 8:0 0 9G 0 disk +-sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot +-sda2 8:2 0 8,5G 0 part sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom df -h /dev/mapper/vg_localhost-lv_root 6,5G 6,2G 256M 97% / tmpfs 499M 200K 499M 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 78M 382M 17% /boot it still old sda in use, what i have to do further?

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• Mysterious "media" volume mounted on desktop Mac OS X

  - by Allen

  I have a mysterious volume mounted on my desktop that I can't seem to forcibly unmount. I've tried using umount and also diskutil, but it seems to automatically remount itself. I've copied my hdd with Time Machine, and copied it onto a new computer, and it also has the drive mounted on it. It's not pointing to anything and I can't open it, nor can I forcibily remove it by hand with rm -Rf. Any ideas? I noticed this problem after I upgraded to Mountain Lion from Lion. It causes problems because when I try to select a file using the built in Finder dialog box, it freezes for a few minutes because it tries to cache or read into the "media" mounted volume.

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• How to back up initial state of external backup drive?

  - by intuited

  I've picked up an HP Simplesave external drive. It comes with some fancy software that is of no use to me because I don't use Windows. Like many current consumer-targeted backup drives, the backup software is actually contained on the drive itself. I'd like to save the drive's initial state so that I can restore it if I decide to sell it. The backup box itself is somewhat customized: in addition to the hard drive device, it presents a CDROM-like device on /dev/sr0. I gather that the purpose of this cdrom device is to bootstrap via Windows autoplay the backup application which lives on the disk itself. I wouldn't suppose any guarantees about how it does this, so it seems important to preserve the exact state of the disk. The drive is formatted with a single 500GB NTFS partition. My initial thought was to use dd to dump the disk (/dev/sdb) itself, but this proved impractical, as the resulting file was not sparse. This seemed to be because the NTFS empty space is not filled with zeroes, but with a repeating series of 16 bytes. I tried gzipping the output of dd. This reduced to the file to a manageable size — the first 18GB was compressed to 81MB, versus 47MB to tarball the contents of the mounted filesystem — but it was very slow on my admittedly somewhat derelict Pentium M processor. The time to do that first 18GB was about 30 minutes. So I've resorted to dumping the disk state and partition data separately. I've dumped the partition state with sfdisk -d /dev/sdb > sfdisk.-d.out I've also created a compressed image of the NTFS partition (the only one on the disk) with ntfsclone --save-image --output - /dev/sdb1 | gzip -c > ntfsclone.img.gz Is there anything else I should do to ensure that I can restore the precise original state of the drive?

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• "Disk boot failure" error after installing Windows 7 on SSD

  - by Tony_Henrich

  I have a system with 3 SATA drives which runs fine. Got a new SSD drive and wanted to install a fresh Windows-7 on it. So I removed the boot drive and replaced it with the SSD drive. Installed Windows and when it was done, rebooted and now I get "Disk boot failure. Insert system disk and press enter" error message. I reinstall again and still same message. Removed the SSD and put back the original drive and I got the same message!! I checked the BIOS and things look good. Something is wrong. Two questions: 1- Why isn't the new Windows booting from the SSD? 2- Why isn't the machine booting using the previous working configuration anymore, after removing the SSD? I did connect it during the second Windows installation but it was the last drive in the SATA connector. Would Windows installer mess with its MBR sector?

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• Procedure for dual booting (2 copies of Win-7) off 2 partitions on same disk

  - by Sam Holder

  What procedure should I follow to set a dual boot (both Win-7 x64) on a machine where (ideally): Both operating systems will be installed on the same physical disk in different partitions When booting into either operating system the contents of the other OS partition disk will not be seen (this just seems safer) Other hard drives in the system will be visible by both OS's 1 copy of Win7 is already installed. Is it as simple as shrinking the existing volume and creating the partition, then sticking the CD in and booting off it and formatting the new partition and then installing another copy of windows onto the new partition? Or will that not work? Or are there gotchas?

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• set file's icon in a command line utility not working

  - by Ief2

  I just began to work with Objective-C and I'm managing pretty well. My last challenge was to make a command line utility, which I could than use in AppleScript. But my code does not work, not in the terminal, not in the AppleScript. So I'm asking you, what's the error in this peace of code, that should be very plain and easy? int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; // -imagePath // -filePath NSUserDefaults *args = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults]; NSString *soundPath = [args stringForKey:@"imagePath"]; NSString *filePath = [args stringForKey:@"filePath"]; BOOL worked = [[NSWorkspace sharedWorkspace] setIcon:[[NSImage alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:soundPath] forFile:filePath options:0]; NSLog(@"Worked: %i",worked); [pool release]; return 0; }

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• USB Drive cannot detect in Windows 7

  - by Perdana Putra

  Have you ever plugged in a USB drive or any external device with a hard drive and wondered why you cannot see it in My Computer? I often have, I believe my USB is not broke .. because if I plugin the USB to another computer could be seen / detected. I tried following this tutorial http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/22251/find-your-missing-usb-drive-in-windows-7-vista/ but I am afraid of going wrong, and caused my data is lost. is there any easy way around this problem? many thank's for your attentions Guys ..

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• Is Joerg Schilling’s “sdd” a full replacement for “dd”

  - by fishtoprecords

  I was directed to post here, I started on Stackoverflow.... I'm trying to use 'sdd' on my Debian system, and can't get one set of options to work. They do work in 'dd' so I am wondering if I am specifying them incorrectly, or if sdd didn't implement them, or something else. What I want to do is sdd if=/dev/hdh1 of=/bay5/imagebay1 bs=4096 conv=sync,noerror if I leave out the "conv=..." option, it works, or at least starts copying data. sdd if=/dev/hdh1 of=/bay5/imagebay1 bs=4096 Can you shed a bit of light?

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• Can I recover files on a disk With 5% of start of disk completely wiped (overwritten with 1s)

  - by ARA

  Recently a virus attacked my pc and cleared 5% of my hard disk which has one partition I viewed the disk in a hex viewer program like active undelete ,cleared the virus data and overwrote it with 1s I want to recover a large file that is about 10gb, but no recovery tools seem to be able to recover any files. I want to know ,in theory, is this file recoverable ? I think that files are fragmented, researched about NTFS File System and i understand cluster information are just saved in MFT File ? Is there any way to recover file without a MFT structure ?

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• Linux cannot alter partition table of main hard disk of my laptop

  - by djechelon

  I run openSUSE 12.2 on my ASUS N76VZ laptop. My problem is that I cannot alter the partition table of first hard disk /dev/sda1. YaST partitioner says it's unreadable, but actually it can read it but not alter it. It doesn't tell me anything else, except that I can wipe the partition table (having to reinstall Windows for the third time). Since I want to create new partitions on that disk, how do I fix the partition table layout? I could create new partition from Windows Computer Management and format them in Linux. I could do this, but it doesn't explain the problem

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• Detach Disk from deleted virtual machine

  - by user1628043

  I had an Virtual Machine running in Azure for a couple of weeks and suddenly it stopped responding. I shut it down and tried to restart it but that failed saying the VM faulted. I then deleted the VM which leaves the VHD file intact on my storage account. I was intending to try recreating a new VM using thie VHD from the first VM however, the OS disk and Data disk are both still marked as being attached to the original VM which no longer exists. Is there any way to detach these disks so I can use them to create a new VM?

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• scsi and ata entries for same hard drive under /dev/disk/by-id

  - by John Dibling

  I am trying to set up a ZFS pool using 4 bare drives which I have attached to my Ubuntu system via a SATA hot swap backplane. These are Hitachi SATA drives. When I list the contents of /dev/disk/by-id, I see two entries for each drive: root@scorpius:/dev/disk/by-id# ls | grep Hitachi ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG0ZJ7C ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG1064C ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG190AC ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG1DGPC scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG0ZJ7C scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG1064C scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG190AC scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG1DGPC I know these are the same drives because I wrote down the serial numbers, and all the other drives in this system are either Seagate or WD. The serial number for the first one, for example, is YNG0ZJ7C. Why are there two entries here for each drive? More to the point, when I create my ZFS pool which one should I use; the scsi- one or the ata- one?

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• The ultimate c# file and directory utility library?

  - by Serge van den Oever

  I find myself writing file and directory utility functions all the time, and I was wondering if there is good file and directory library that already implements a more extensive set than available by default in System.IO. The kind of functions I'm looking for is things like: public static void GetTemporaryDirectory() { string tempDirectory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName()); Directory.CreateDirectory(tempDirectory); return tempDirectory; } public static void CreateEmptyFile(string filename) { File.Create(filename).Dispose(); } public static void CreateEmptyFile(string path, string filename) { File.Create(Path.Combine(path, filename)).Dispose(); } public static void CreateDirectory(string path) { Directory.CreateDirectory(path); } public static void CreateDirectory(string path, string childpath) { Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.Combine(path, childpath)); }

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• df -h overreports disk space on VPS

  - by Rincewind42

  When I run the command df -h on my new Ubuntu linux vServer I get the following: # df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/hdv1 466G 33G 434G 7% / none 16M 0 16M 0% /tmp Running du -sh gives # du -sh du: cannot access `./proc/13624/task/13624/fd/4': No such file or directory du: cannot access `./proc/13624/task/13624/fdinfo/4': No such file or directory du: cannot access `./proc/13624/fd/4': No such file or directory du: cannot access `./proc/13624/fdinfo/4': No such file or directory 952M . The VPS should only have 5Gb of disk space but df reports 466Gb. How can I view the correct amount of disk space?

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• External disk not working with Mac OS X 10.5

  - by ctx2002

  Hi: My OS is 10.5.7. I have an external hard disk, formatted as Mac OS Extended (Journaled), connected to my Mac machine through USB cable. I have used it for a while, but now it is not working. Error showed in /var/log/system.log. USBF: 2521.384 AppleUSBEHCI[0xa515800]::Found a transaction which hasn't moved in 5 seconds on bus 0xfd, timing out! (Addr: 0, EP: 0) ..... ...... kernel[0]: USBF: 2588.616 [0xa6baa00] The IOUSBFamily was not able to enumerate a device. Luckily, in my work place there is a Mac with OS 10.4, so I had plugged the disk into the 10.4 machine and it worked!!! I did checked "System Profiler" on both machines (10.5, 10.4). Under usb section, for 10.5 it shows USBEHCI, under 10.4, it shows USBOHCI. I am not a expert on USB Device , can any one tell me why 10.5 cause the problem. it was worked under 10.5

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• Recovering data from a corrupted disk

  - by r_honey

  I use an external harddisk to backup my data (it had 3 partitions). Last week when I plugged it in, the OS (Win 7) hung up and I had to force re-boot the machine. When I turned it back on, the system just did not detect the hard-disk. It was last Sunday and I had to give up after sometime. Now I return back next Sunday (today) and when I plug it back-in to the machine, the OS detects the disk as well as all the 3 partitions on it. But it says all 3 are unformatted and I cant access any of them. Is there any way to recover data from the 3 partitions (I tried PC File Recovery and Recuva from PiriForm but neither detected these partitions).

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• Use `dd` linux program to save / recover a disk's MBR

  - by Graduate

  I have an Ubuntu OS installed on my laptop. I want to install Windows 7 as well to another disk partition (I will do it by recovering it from a special partition on my laptop). After installing Windows, I want to recover my hard drive MBR to be able to load Ubuntu. I have a plan to use linux dd program: 1) (Before installing, perform this command in Linux) dd if=/dev/sda of=/home/user/mbr_backup bs=512 count=1 2) (after installing, load Ubuntu Live CD and launch this) dd if=/home/user/mbr_backup of=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1 3) Load Ubuntu on PC and re-configure the GRUB2 to be able start Windows I need your advice, I want to be sure I won't damage the disk (it's partition table).

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• how to recover data from my disk - I accidentally copied with dd an iso on it

  - by sijoune

  I wanted to create a bootable usb from an iso image and i accidentally put as the output of the dd, instead of my usb drive, one of my hard disks. The iso was 3,3 GB and my disk is 1TB! And it was almost full. Can i at least restore the data that has not been overwritten? Right now i can't even mount it. I get this error: Error mounting /dev/sdd1 at /media/main/UDF Volume: Command-line `mount -t "udf" -o "uhelper=udisks2,nodev,nosuid,uid=1000,gid=1000,iocharset=utf8,umask=0077" "/dev/sdd1" "/media/main/UDF Volume"' exited with non-zero exit status 32: mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdd1, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so Also since i know which filesystem my disk used if i reformat it to this filesystem is there any chance i can mount it and retrieve the rest of the files?

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• Monitoring disk block access in Linux

  - by VoidPointer

  Is there a way to gather statistics about blocks being accessed on a disk? I have a scenario where a task is both memory and I/O intensive and I need to find a good balance as to how much of the available RAM I can assign to the process and how much I should leave for the system for building its I/O cache for the block device being used. I suspect that most of the I/O that is currently happening is accessing a rather small subset of the device and that performance could be optimized by increasing the RAM that is available for I/O buffering. Ideally, I would be able to create something like a "heat-map" that shows me which parts of the disk are accessed most of the time.

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• repairing or retrieving video off a cracked disk

  - by Tori Hisey

  My disk has a thin cracked right through the one side. right around the crack it looks like it has water damage but im pretty sure it was caused from the crack. will tape work for this? its a dvd of us in jamaica swimming with dolphins and i havent even watched it yet, it got ruined in my suitcase. If there is no way to repair it, is there somewhere that i can take it so they might be able to somehow get the video off of it and onto another disk? any suggestions would be helpful. Thanks

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• Why is LSHW Only listing one of my two HDDs?

  - by Mark

  I have a 120GB HDD and a 1TB HDD in the system. I installed Ubuntu Server using LVM on the 120GB. After installation I added the 1TB to the existing volume group and added 10GB to /home as a test. My understanding is that lshw is supposed to list hardware. What's the difference here? mark@server:~$ sudo lshw -short -c disk H/W path Device Class Description ========================================================= /0/100/1f.2/0 /dev/sda disk 120GB ST3120026AS /0/100/1f.2/1 /dev/cdrom disk DVD+-RW GH50N /0/1/0.0.0 /dev/sdc disk SCSI Disk /0/1/0.0.1 /dev/sdd disk SCSI Disk /0/1/0.0.2 /dev/sde disk SCSI Disk /0/1/0.0.3 /dev/sdf disk SCSI Disk The 1TB only shows up as a volume, not as a disk. mark@server:~$ sudo lshw -short .... /0/100/1f.2/0 /dev/sda disk 120GB ST3120026AS /0/100/1f.2/0/1 /dev/sda1 volume 476MiB Linux filesystem partition /0/100/1f.2/0/2 /dev/sda2 volume 111GiB Linux LVM Physical Volume partition /0/100/1f.2/1 /dev/cdrom disk DVD+-RW GH50N /0/100/1f.2/0.0.0 /dev/sdb volume 931GiB WDC WD1001FALS-0 Thanks, Mark

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• Generate a random alphanumeric string in cocoa

  - by Ward

  Hey there, I know this can't be that hard. I've searched, but I can't seem to find a simple solution. I want to call a method, pass it the length and have it generate a random alphanumeric string. Any ideas? Are there any utility libraries out there that may have a bunch of these types of functions? Thanks, Howie

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• Excel password removal

  - by nkcooke

  We receive Excel workbook files every day which are password protected with the same password. We know this password. Is there a utility or method to remove password protection on these workbook files without invoking Excel.exe or the Excel object. Our goal is to take Excel out of the process and utilize SpreadsheetGear in VB.net. However, SpreadsheetGear can only unprotect worksheets not workbooks. Thanks

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• "tracing" version of readlink(1)

  - by jonrock

  I would like a version of "readlink -f" that provides a trace of every individual symlink resolution it performs. Something like: $ linktrace /usr/lib64/sendmail /usr/lib64 -> lib /usr/lib/sendmail -> ../sbin/sendmail /usr/sbin/sendmail $ I know I have used this utility in the past, on linux, and also remember at the time thinking "the name of this tool is completely unintuitive and I will forget it". Well, that day has arrived.

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