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• Quick, beginner MASM register question - DX:AX

  - by Francisco P.

  Hello, I am currently studying for an exam I'll have on x86 assembly. I didn't have much luck googling for ":", too common of a punctuation mark :/ IDIV - Signed Integer Division Usage: IDIV src Modifies flags: (AF,CF,OF,PF,SF,ZF undefined) Signed binary division of accumulator by source. If source is a byte value, AX is divided by "src" and the quotient is stored in AL and the remainder in AH. If source is a word value, DX:AX is divided by "src", and the quotient is stored in AL and the remainder in DX. Taken from "Intel Opcodes and Mnemonics" What does DX:AX mean? Thanks a lot for your time :)

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• .Net MEF newbie question

  - by steve.macdonald

  I am missing something basic when it comes to using MEF. I got it working using samples and a simple console app where everything is in the same assembly. Then I put some imports and exports in a separate project which contains various entities. I want to use these entities in an MS Test, but the composition is never actually done. When I move the composition stuff into the constructor of an entity in question it works, but that's obviously wrong. Does GetExecutingAssembly only "see" the test process? What am I missing re containers? I tried putting the container in a Using in the test without luck. The MEF docs are still very scant and I can't find a simple example of an application (or MS Test) which uses entities from a different project...

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• linear interpolation on 8bit microcontroller

  - by JB

  I need to do a linear interpolation over time between two values on an 8 bit PIC microcontroller (Specifically 16F627A but that shouldn't matter) using PIC assembly language. Although I'm looking for an algorithm here as much as actual code. I need to take an 8 bit starting value, an 8 bit ending value and a position between the two (Currently represented as an 8 bit number 0-255 where 0 means the output should be the starting value and 255 means it should be the final value but that can change if there is a better way to represent this) and calculate the interpolated value. Now PIC doesn't have a divide instruction so I could code up a general purpose divide routine and effectivly calculate (B-A)/(x/255)+A at each step but I feel there is probably a much better way to do this on a microcontroller than the way I'd do it on a PC in c++ Has anyone got any suggestions for implementing this efficiently on this hardware?

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• Why is my masm32 program crashing whenever I try using interrupts?

  - by incrediman

  Here's the code: .386 ;target for maximum compatibility .model small,stdcall ;model .code main: int 20h END main Result: http://img705.imageshack.us/img705/3738/resultom.png "test.exe has stopped working" - always right when it reaches the interrupt. This is the interrupt I'm trying to use. It should simply exit the program. Others I've tried include character input/output, etc.. Nothing works. I'm on windows 7, using masm32 with the WinAsm IDE. There are so many cool things it seems I should be able to do with interrupts... however, it crashes whenever I try to use an interrupt - always the same way. This seems related and possibly useful: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1414260/dos-interrupt-in-masm-x86-assembly-crashing ...but I haven't really been able to figure anything out from it. Any suggestions?

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• MUL instruction help

  - by Tanner Babcock

  I've read a few tutorials and examples, but I cannot wrap my head around how the MUL instruction works. I've used ADD and SUB without problems. So apparently this instruction multiplies its operand by the value in a register. What register (eax, ebp, esp, etc.) is multiplied by the first operand? And what register is the result stored in, so I can move it to the stack? Sorry, I'm just learning x86 assembly. When I try to compile this line... mull $9 I get, "Error: suffix or operands invalid for 'mul'". Can anyone help me out? Thanks. EDIT: OK Madhur, I replaced "mull" with "mul" and I'm still getting the same error. Here's the whole source. .globl _main _main: pushl %ebp movl %esp, %ebp subl $8, %esp movl $7, %eax mul $9 movl %eax, (%esp) call _putchar xorl %eax, %eax leave ret

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• Exceptions & Interrupts

  - by Betamoo

  When I was searching for a distinction between Exceptions and Interrupts, I found this question Interrupts and exceptions on SO... Some answers there were not suitable (at least for assembly level): "Exception are software-version of an interrupt" But there exist software interrupts!! "Interrupts are asynchronous but exceptions are synchronous" Is that right? "Interrupts occur regularly" "Interrupts are hardware implemented trap, exceptions are software implemented" Same as above! I need to find if some of these answers were right , also I would be grateful if anyone could provide a better answer... Thanks!

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• Jersey message body reader not found in maven-built JAR

  - by Olvagor

  My application uses a REST (JAX-RS Jersey) interface. When I run it in Eclipse, everything' s fine. The domain objects are annotated, I'm not using XML files for the REST mapping. Now I created a standalone JAR using the maven-assembly-plugin, which packs the application and all dependencies in a single, executable JAR file. This also seems to work. But when I start the application and request an object from the server, Jersey complains, that it can't find a message body reader: com.sun.jersey.api.client.ClientHandlerException: A message body reader for Java type, class de.rybu.atuin.core.entity.User, and MIME media type, application/json, was not found Any ideas why this happens? EDIT: After I slept a night over it, I noticed that it complains about JSON... but I'm using only XML for serialization. Strange.

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• Loading a .dll file into silverlight (hosted with IIS7)

  - by Eanna

  I seem to have a problem loading .dll files into my silverlight application. this.pluginDownloader = new WebClient(); this.pluginDownloader.OpenReadCompleted += new OpenReadCompletedEventHandler(pluginDownloader_OpenReadCompleted); this.pluginDownloader.DownloadProgressChanged += new DownloadProgressChangedEventHandler(pluginDownloader_DownloadProgressChanged); String path = String.Format("http://localhost/Resources/Plugins/{0}.dll", this.pluginDetails.AssemblyName); this.pluginDownloader.OpenReadAsync(new Uri(path, UriKind.Relative)); I can manually download the .dll assembly file by navigating to it (eg: http://localhost/Resources/Plugins/myAssembly.dll) but it just stalls the silverlight app when the above code is executed. This works when I launch the project in visual studio so it must be some setting in IIS7. Anyone know how to fix this?

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• MSP430 CMP operator

  - by Ludicrous

  Let's say I have the MSP430 assembly segment below: r15: 439c Memory map: 4390: 6045 0200 9c43 6400 8844 5044 363a 0000 Code: 448a: cmp #0x363a, 0x0(r15) 4490: jnz $+0x1c 4492: Code continues . . . 44ac: Jump to location The goal is to have the Z flag high. To do this with a cmp, both src and dst must be equal. If I have 363a in the memory location of r15, why is it that the resulting cmp does not trigger the Z flag? Through experimentation, I found that putting 3a36 in the memory location of r15 did in fact trigger the Z flag, but I don't understand why. If anyone could bring this to light, I would greatly appreciate it. If more information is needed, I will gladly provide it.

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• locked stored procedures in sql

  - by Greg

  Hi, I am not too familiar with sql server 2005. I have a schema in sql which has stored procedures with small lock on them. As I understand they were created using C#, all these locked procedures have a source file in C# with the code of the procedures. The thing is I can't access them. I need to modify one of these procedures but it doesn't let me modify them. I have the source code (from visual studio) with these procedures but when I change something in the code, it doesn't affect the procedures in the sql. How can I change the path to assembly in sql server 2005 or is there any other way I can access these stored procedures? Thanks in advance, Greg

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• Fibonacci using SBN in OISC in Machine Language

  - by velociraptor

  Hello, I want to generate fibonacci series using SBN in an OISC architecture. My initial approach is to implement it in assembly language first and then convert it to machine language. The first steps involve storing 0 and 1 in 2 registers and then subtract 1 from 0 and repeatedly subtract 1 in the consequent steps. Everytime it will generate a negative number and since its negative, it branches off and fetches the absolute value finding instruction. Is my approach correct? My confusion in the meaning of OISC. Correct me if i'm wrong, if i perform a subtraction and then an absolute value finding, it means that that i'm using 2 instructions everytime. or is it that in the OISC processor both these instructions are done at the sametime which would mean that my approach is correct. Please help. thank you all

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• Tracing\profiling instructions

  - by LeChuck2k

  Hi Y'all. I'd like to statistically profile my C code at the instruction level. I need to know how many additions, multiplications, devides, etc,... I'm performing. This is not your usual run of the mill code profiling requirement. I'm an algorithm developer and I want to estimate the cost of converting my code to hardware implementations. For this, I'm being asked the instruction call breakdown during run-time (parsing the compiled assembly isn't sufficient as it doesn't consider loops in the code). After looking around, It seems VMWare may offer a possible solution, but I still couldn't find the specific feature that will allow me to trace the instruction call stream of my process. Are you aware of any profiling tools which enable this?

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• How to initialize one class from a library?

  - by daemonsvk

  Hi, I have a few classes in the class library (separate assembly). I referenced it to my project and I want to initialize one specific class from that library. I know only its name. All of the classes implements one interface. And here comes the problem. My code so far: using MyLibrary; ... IMyInterface dll = Activator.CreateInstance("MyLibrary", "MyLibrary.NameOfClass") as IMyInterface; But dll is always null. Any ideas? Thanks

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• Maven best practice for generating artifacts for multiple environments [prod, test, dev] with CI/Hud

  - by jaguard

  I have a project that need to be deployed into multiple environments (prod, test, dev). The main differences mainly consist in configuration properties/files. My idea was to use profiles and overlays to copy/configure the specialized output. But I'm stuck into if I have to generate multiple artifacts with specialized classifiers (ex: "my-app-1.0-prod.zip/jar", "my-app-1.0-dev.zip/jar") or should I create multiple projects, one project for every environment ?! Should I use maven-assembly-plugin to generate multiple artifacts for every environment ? Anyway, I'll need to generate all them at once so it seams that the profiles does not fit ... still puzzled :( Any hints/examples/links will be more than welcomed. As a side issue, I'm also wondering how to achieve this in a CI Hudson/Bamboo to generate and deploy these generated artifacts for all the environments, to their proper servers (ex: using SCP Hudson plugin) ?

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• Why is the code adding 7 if the number is not >= 0

  - by Hugo Dozois

  I've got this program in MIPS assembly which comes from a C code that does the simple average of the eigth arguments of the function. average8: addu $4,$4,$5 addu $4,$4,$6 addu $4,$4,$7 lw $2,16($sp) #nop addu $4,$4,$2 lw $2,20($sp) #nop addu $4,$4,$2 lw $2,24($sp) #nop addu $4,$4,$2 lw $2,28($sp) #nop addu $2,$4,$2 bgez $2,$L2 addu $2,$2,7 $L2: sra $2,$2,3 j $31 When the number is positve, we directly divided by 8 (shift by 3 bits), but when the number is negative, we first addu 7 then do the division. My question is why do we add 7 to $2 when $2 is not >= 0 ? EDIT : Here is the C code : int average8(int x1, int x2, int x3, int x4, int x5, int x6, int x7, int x8) { return (x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + x5 + x6 + x7 + x8) / 8; } note : the possible loss in the division since we are using ints instead of floats or doubles is not important in this case.

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• How can I dual boot my iphone or ipad to run a very simple custom os?

  - by Jim98

  I am an experienced C/C++ programmer and have worked with assembly and many other programing language and I want to start a project as a learning process. I want to try and run a simple custom os on the iphone or ipad. What knowledge would I need to do this, and how does the iphone or ipad bootloader load the os and how could I modify it to load a custom os? Im not really sure what to ask here so I really just need to get as much information as possible so I could ask some more informed questions to get my project started Thanks

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• C# app that uses Excel Interop, easy switch between 2003 2007?

  - by user320781

  I have an app written that just does really basic I/O on a spreadsheet. Read in a bunch of cells, do some sorting, and dump the output back into another spreadsheet. Works great on my machine. I have Office 2003 installed. When it runs on someone elses machine with 2007, it bombs, presumably due to the different versions of the Interop assemblies. I was hoping someone knew a way to dynamically change which/where the assembly is loaded from depending on the office version (getting the office version is easy from the registry). Sifting thru the rest of the internet, i didnt see anything to indicate that was possible :( . I tried installing the 2007 PIAs, but when i try to add a reference, they dont show up and i have no idea where to browse for them (they arent in the c:\windows\assemblies\; maybe the install didnt work). Am I going to have to get a machine with 2007 installed to build on every time i need to make updates?

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• gdb + nasm debug info not being created

  - by cpowel2

  I am relatively new to assembly language programming and am trying to debug a small .asm file that I wrote in Ubuntu. I am however running into an issue where my symbol table is not being loaded and was looking for some help. I am compiling my program as follows. nasm -f elf -g -F dwarf bs.asm gcc -m32 -g bs.o -o bs which produces the executable bs when I run gdb bs I get a message that says no debugging symbols and when I try to set a break point by b main it says function not defined even though its in the file and I can run it using ./bs I read a couple posts that suggested adding the -F dwarf when assembling but that didn't help if anyone has any insight I would greatly appreciated your input. Thanks in advance

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• x86 and Memory Addressing

  - by IM

  I've been reading up on memory models in an assembly book I picked up and I have a question or two. Let's say that the address bus has 32 lines, the data bus has 32 lines and the CPU is 32-bit (for simplicity). Now if the CPU makes a read request and sends the 32bit address, but only needs 8 bits, all 32 bits come back anyway? Also, the addresses in memory are still addressed per byte correct? So fetching one byte would bring back 0000 0001 to address 0000 0004? Thanks in advance

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• Changing a project's files based on solution in Visual Studio 2008

  - by emddudley

  In one C# solution I have several projects that share a CommonAssemblyInfo.cs file, so that certain assembly attributes are shared across all projects. This works fine so long as I only have one CommonAssemblyInfo.cs file. However I have several solutions (applications) which use these projects, and each solution has its own version of CommonAssemblyInfo.cs. How can I make the projects use a different CommonAssemblyInfo.cs file depending on which solution they are in? In the end I want my assemblies to have attributes specific to the solution they were compiled from. I don't think I can make them files Solution files because they can't all be in the same directory with the same filename. I can't use pre-build events because I don't have a particular project which is always built first. I would prefer not to use a build script because I would like to be able to build and run the solutions through the Visual Studio environment.

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• When machine code is generated from a program how does it translates to hardware level operations ??

  - by user553492

  Like if say the instruction is something like 100010101 1010101 01010101 011101010101. Now how is this translating to an actual job of deleting something from memory? Memory consists of actual physical transistors the HOLD data. What causes them to lose that data is some external signal? I want to know how that signal is generated. Like how some binary numbers change the state of a physical transistor. Is there a level beyond machine code that isn't explicitly visible to a programmer? I have heard of microcode that handle code at hardware level, even below assembly language. But still I pretty much don't understand. Thanks!

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• why does it use the movl instead of push ?!

  - by user554403

  hi all. pay attention to this code : #include <stdio.h> void a(int a, int b, int c) { char buffer1[5]; char buffer2[10]; } int main() { a(1,2,3); } after that : gcc -S a.c that command shows our source code in assembly. now we can see in the main function, we never use "push" command to push the arguments of the a function into the stack. and it used "movel" instead of that main: pushl %ebp movl %esp, %ebp andl $-16, %esp subl $16, %esp movl $3, 8(%esp) movl $2, 4(%esp) movl $1, (%esp) call a leave why does it happen? what's difference between them?

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• Keeping the row in edit mode after saveRow in jqgrid

  - by Chirantan

  I want to be able to keep the row in edit mode even after calling saveRow() function in jQgrid. This is because I want to be able to validate the data being saved and remove the edit mode only when the data has passed its validations. I am aware of the succesfunc, which gets called after successful posting of data. I get the response handle too, however, manually calling the editRow(row_id); function does not seem to work. Is there anyway, I can keep the row in edit mode after calling saveRow?

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• MVC 2: Html.TextBoxFor, etc. in VB.NET 2010

  - by Brian

  Hello, I have this sample ASP.NET MVC 2.0 view in C#, bound to a strongly typed model that has a first name, last name, and email: <div> First: <%= Html.TextBoxFor(i => i.FirstName) %> <%= Html.ValidationMessageFor(i => i.FirstName, "*") %> </div> <div> Last: <%= Html.TextBoxFor(i => i.LastName) %> <%= Html.ValidationMessageFor(i => i.LastName, "*")%> </div> <div> Email: <%= Html.TextBoxFor(i => i.Email) %> <%= Html.ValidationMessageFor(i => i.Email, "*")%> </div> I converted it to VB.NET, seeing the appropriate constructs in VB.NET 10, as: <div> First: <%= Html.TextBoxFor(Function(i) i.FirstName) %> <%= Html.ValidationMessageFor(Function(i) i.FirstName, "*") %> </div> <div> Last: <%= Html.TextBoxFor(Function(i) i.LastName)%> <%= Html.ValidationMessageFor(Function(i) i.LastName, "*")%> </div> <div> Email: <%= Html.TextBoxFor(Function(i) i.Email)%> <%= Html.ValidationMessageFor(Function(i) i.Email, "*")%> </div> No luck. Is this right, and if not, what syntax do I need to use? Again, I'm using ASP.NET MVC 2.0, this is a view bound to a strongly typed model... does MVC 2 still not support the new language constructs in .NET 2010? Thanks.

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• How to create a new LaTeX command that behaves something like \verb?

  - by NawaMan

  I have been using LaTeX from sometime now, but have never actually gotten my hands dirty declaring a new command, as I try to avoid that. However, I need to add monospace text often in my document and I use \verb for it which is fine, except that the verb font size is bigger than the normal text font. So I need to change the font size and undo done like \small{}\verb#My monospace code#\normalsize{}. This is not very convenient and mistake-prone. Is there a better way to do this? Can I define a new command for this? How?

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