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  • How do I assign by "reference" to a class field in c#?

    - by Jamie
    I am trying to understand how to assign by "reference" to a class field in c#. I have the follwing example to consider: public class X { public X() { string example = "X"; new Y( ref example ); new Z( ref example ); System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine( example ); } } public class Y { public Y( ref string example ) { example += " (Updated By Y)"; } } public class Z { private string _Example; public Z( ref string example ) { this._Example = example; this._Example += " (Updated By Z)"; } } var x = new X(); When running the above code the output is: X (Updated By Y) And not: X (Updated By Y) (Updated By Z) As I had hoped. It seems that assigning a "ref parameter" to a field loses the reference. Is there any way to keep hold of the reference when assigning to a field? Thanks.

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  • Are null references really a bad thing?

    - by Tim Goodman
    I've heard it said that the inclusion of null references in programming languages is the "billion dollar mistake". But why? Sure, they can cause NullReferenceExceptions, but so what? Any element of the language can be a source of errors if used improperly. And what's the alternative? I suppose instead of saying this: Customer c = Customer.GetByLastName("Goodman"); // returns null if not found if (c != null) { Console.WriteLine(c.FirstName + " " + c.LastName + " is awesome!"); } else { Console.WriteLine("There was no customer named Goodman. How lame!"); } You could say this: if (Customer.ExistsWithLastName("Goodman")) { Customer c = Customer.GetByLastName("Goodman") // throws error if not found Console.WriteLine(c.FirstName + " " + c.LastName + " is awesome!"); } else { Console.WriteLine("There was no customer named Goodman. How lame!"); } But how is that better? Either way, if you forget to check that the customer exists, you get an exception. I suppose that a CustomerNotFoundException is a bit easier to debug than a NullReferenceException by virtue of being more descriptive. Is that all there is to it?

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  • Code Design question, circular reference across classes?

    - by dsollen
    I have no code here, as this is more of a design question (I assume this is still the best place to ask it). I have a very simple server in java which stores a mapping between certain values and UUID which are to be used by many systems across multiple platforms. It accepts a connection from a client and creates a clientSocket which stores the socket and all the other relevant data unique to that connection. Each clientSocket will run in their own thread and will block on the socket waiting for a read. I expect very little strain on this system, it will rarely get called, but when it does get a call it will need to respond quickly and due to the risk of it having a peak time with multiple calls coming in at once threaded is still better. Each thread has a reference to a Mapper class which stores the mapping of UUID which it's reporting to others (with proper synchronization of course). This all works until I have to add a new UUID to the list. When this happens I want to report to all clients that care about that particular UUID that a new one was added. I can't multicast (limitation of the system I'm running on) so I'm having each socket send the message to the client through the established socket. However, since each thread only knows about the socket it's waiting on I didn't have a clear method of looking up every thread/socket that cares about the data to inform them of the new UUID. Polling is out mostly because it seems a little too convoluted to try to maintain a list of newly added UUID. My solution as of now is to have the 'parent' class which creates the mapper class and spawns all the threads pass itself as an argument to the mapper. Then when the mapper creates a new UUID it can make a call to the parent class telling it to send out updates to all the other sockets that care about the change. I'm concerned that this may be a bad design due to the use of a circular reference; parent has a reference to mapper (to pass it to new ClientSocket threads) and mapper points to parent. It doesn't really feel like a bad design to me but I wanted to check since circular references are suppose to be bad. Note: I realize this means that the thread associated with whatever socket originally received the request that spawned the creation of a UUID is going to pay the 'cost' of outputting to all the other clients that care about the new UUID. I don't care about this; as I said I suspect the client to receive only intermittent messages. It's unlikely for one socket to receive multiple messages at one time, and there won't be that many sockets so it shouldn't take too long to send messages to each of them. Perhaps later I'll fix the fact that I'm saddling higher work load on whatever unfortunate thread gets the first request; but for now I think it's fine.

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  • Visual Studio Publish using Web Deploy gives SSL Exception?

    - by user1267778
    Im trying to use Web Deploy with arvixe hosting. I enabled Publishing with the host but I get SSL exception when I hit publish. Is anybody familiar with the following exception: Error 59 Web deployment task failed.(Could not complete the request to remote agent URL 'https://yew.arvixe.com:8172/msdeploy.axd?site=mywebsite.com'.) Could not complete the request to remote agent URL 'https://yew.arvixe.com:8172/msdeploy.axd?site=mywebsite.com'. The underlying connection was closed: Could not establish trust relationship for the SSL/TLS secure channel. The remote certificate is invalid according to the validation procedure. 0 0 myapplication_MVC4 Thanks

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  • Authentication Failed exception - In the middle of bulk mail sending code.

    - by Ezhil
    We have a thread program that sends bulk mail. The information like 1. To 2. Subject Etc., are fetched from database, mail is composed and pushed to SMTP server. One of our customer sent a bulk mail with 2390 email. After sending 40 emails, suddenly the following exception occurred EXCEPTION javax.mail.AuthenticationFailedException STACKTRACE javax.mail.Service.connect(Service.java:306) javax.mail.Service.connect(Service.java:156) javax.mail.Service.connect(Service.java:105) ............... java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619) and the rest 2350 emails failed. Why does this occur? Thanks for the Suggestions and Help Ezhil

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  • MS Exam 70-536 - How to throw and handle exception from thread?

    - by Max Gontar
    Hello! In MS Exam 70-536 .Net Foundation, Chapter 7 "Threading" in Lesson 1 Creating Threads there is a text: Be aware that because the WorkWithParameter method takes an object, Thread.Start could be called with any object instead of the string it expects. Being careful in choosing your starting method for a thread to deal with unknown types is crucial to good threading code. Instead of blindly casting the method parameter into our string, it is a better practice to test the type of the object, as shown in the following example: ' VB Dim info As String = o as String If info Is Nothing Then Throw InvalidProgramException("Parameter for thread must be a string") End If // C# string info = o as string; if (info == null) { throw InvalidProgramException("Parameter for thread must be a string"); } So, I've tried this but exception is not handled properly (no console exception entry, program is terminated), what is wrong with my code (below)? class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Thread thread = new Thread(SomeWork); try { thread.Start(null); thread.Join(); } catch (InvalidProgramException ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); } finally { Console.ReadKey(); } } private static void SomeWork(Object o) { String value = (String)o; if (value == null) { throw new InvalidProgramException("Parameter for "+ "thread must be a string"); } } } Thanks for your time!

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  • Web.xml ExceptionType

    - by andrew007
    Hi, is it possible to define two sections in the web.xml in order to catch two different exception types: <!-- general exception --> <error-page> <exception-type>**java.lang.Exception**</exception-type> <location>/generalError.jsp</location> </error-page> <!-- specific exception --> <error-page> <exception-type>org.myapp.myException</exception-type> <location>/sessionTimeout.jsp</location> </error-page> Does it has any conflict? THANKS!

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  • reference list for non-IT driven algorithmic patterns

    - by Quicker
    I am looking for a reference list for non-IT driven algorithmic patterns (which still can be helped with IT implementations of IT). An Example List would be: name; short desc; reference Travelling Salesman; find the shortest possible route on a multiple target path; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travelling_salesman_problem Ressource Disposition (aka Regulation); Distribute a limited/exceeding input on a given number output receivers based on distribution rules; http://database-programmer.blogspot.de/2010/12/critical-analysis-of-algorithm-sproc.html If there is no such list, but you instantly think of something specific, please 'put it on the desk'. Maybe I can compile something out of the input I get here (actually I am very frustrated as I did not find any such list via research by myself). Details on Scoping: I found it very hard to formulate what I want in a way everything is out that I do not need (which may be the issue why I did not find anything at google). There is a database centric definition for what I am looking for in the section 'Processes' of the second example link. That somehow fits, but the database focus sort of drifts away from the pattern thinking, which I have in mind. So here are my own thoughts around what's in and what's out: I am NOT looking for a foundational algo ref list, which is implemented as basis for any programming language. Eg. the php reference describes substr and strlen. That implements algos, but is not what I am looking for. the problem the algo does address would even exist, if there were no computers (or other IT components) the main focus of the algo is NOT to help other algo's chances are high, that there are implementions of the solution or any workaround without any IT support out there in the world however the algo could be benefitialy implemented/fully supported by a software application = means: the problem of the algo has to be addressed anyway, but running an algo implementation with software automates the process (that is why I posted it on stackoverflow and not somewhere else) typically such algo implementations have more than one input field value and more than one output field value - which implies it could not be implemented as simple function (which is fixed to produce not more than one output value) in a normalized data model often times such algo implementation outputs span accross multiple rows (sometimes multiple tables), whereby the number of output rows depends on the input paraters and rows in the table(s) at start time - which implies that any algo implementation/procedure must interact with a database (read and/or write) I am mainly looking for patterns, not for specific implementations. Example: The Travelling Salesman assumes any coordinates, however it does not say: You need a table targets with fields x and y. - however sometimes descriptions are focussed on examples with specific implementations very much - no worries, as long as the pattern gets clear

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  • What is the best practice in C# to propagate an exception thrown in a finally block without loosing an exception from a catch block?

    - by Sergey Smolnikov
    When an exception is possible to be thrown in a finally block how to propagate both exceptions - from catch and from finally? As a possible solution - using an AggregateException: internal class MyClass { public void Do() { Exception exception = null; try { //example of an error occured in main logic throw new InvalidOperationException(); } catch (Exception e) { exception = e; throw; } finally { try { //example of an error occured in finally throw new AccessViolationException(); } catch (Exception e) { if (exception != null) throw new AggregateException(exception, e); throw; } } } }

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  • How to get the field name of a java (weak) reference pointing to an object in an other class?

    - by Tom
    Imagine I have the following situation: Test1.java import java.lang.ref.WeakReference; public class Test1 { public WeakReference fieldName; public init() { fieldName = new WeakReference(this); Test2.setWeakRef(fieldName); } } Test2.java import java.lang.ref.WeakReference; public class Test2 { public static setWeakRef(WeakReference weakRef) { //at this point I got weakRef in an other class.. now, how do I get the field name this reference was created with? So that it returns exactly "fieldName", because that's the name I gave it in Test1.java? } } At the location of the comment I received the weak reference created in an other class. How would I retreive the field name that this weak reference was created with, in this case "fieldName"? Thanks in advance.

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  • game programming career, vc++ reference and future of it [closed]

    - by Pappu Bacha
    1) I have quite a lot of interest in game programming and I (to my thought) am quite good at programming skills, I have developed some console based animations and text based animation games (like copter-it, snake, and a music visualization), should I invest in game programming? I have 2 years at college left. 2) If I am to pursue a career in game programming, and I select to go only with c++ and DirectX, is it enough? is assembly language necessary? 3) is Visual C++ or MFC dead? should I invest in it or not? 4) I am unable to find any reference book for Visual C++ 2008 or later (just like C++ the complete reference book) I need a book that covers the basic fundamentals and covers the most of the libraries etc.

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  • How do I setup Eclipse to stop on the line an exception occured?

    - by Chris Persichetti
    Hi, How can I setup Eclipse to stop at the point an exception occurred. I have an Eclipse breakpoint setup to break on an exception. In the code example below, the problem I'm having is Eclipse tries to open the Integer source code. Is there any way to just have debugger break at the point shown in my code example? If I move down the stack trace, I will get to this line, it'd be nice if there's a way to do this without the "Source not found" window coming up. This can be done in Visual Studio, so it's driving me crazy not being able to find a way to do this in Eclipse. package com.test; public class QuickTest { public static void main(String[] args) { try { test(); } catch(NumberFormatException e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } } private static void test() { String str = "notAnumber"; Integer.parseInt(str);//<----I want debugger to stop here } }

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  • Issue with TagBuilder.MergeAttribute for parameter null

    - by The Yur
    I would like to use Razor's feature not to produce attribute output inside a tag in case when attribute's value is null. So when Razor meets <div class="@var" where @var is null, the output will be mere <div. I've created some Html extension method to write text inside tag. The method takes header text, level (h1..h6), and html attributes as simple object. The code is: public static MvcHtmlString WriteHeader(this HtmlHelper html, string s, int? hLevel = 1, object htmlAttributes = null) { if ((hLevel == null) || (hLevel < 1 || hLevel > 4) || (s.IsNullOrWhiteSpace())) return new MvcHtmlString(""); string cssClass = null, cssId = null, cssStyle = null; if (htmlAttributes != null) { var T = htmlAttributes.GetType(); var propInfo = T.GetProperty("class"); var o = propInfo.GetValue(htmlAttributes); cssClass = o.ToString().IsNullOrWhiteSpace() ? null : o.ToString(); propInfo = T.GetProperty("id"); o = propInfo.GetValue(htmlAttributes); cssId = o.ToString().IsNullOrWhiteSpace() ? null : o.ToString(); propInfo = T.GetProperty("style"); o = propInfo.GetValue(htmlAttributes); cssStyle = o.ToString().IsNullOrWhiteSpace() ? null : o.ToString(); } var hTag = new TagBuilder("h" + hLevel); hTag.MergeAttribute("id", cssId); hTag.MergeAttribute("class", cssClass); hTag.MergeAttribute("style", cssStyle); hTag.InnerHtml = s; return new MvcHtmlString(hTag.ToString()); } I found that in spite of null values for "class" and "style" attributes TagBuilder still puts them as empty strings, like <h1 class="" style="" But for id attribute it surprisingly works, so when id's value is null, there is no id attribute in tag. My question - is such behavior something that should actually happen? How can I achieve absent attributes with null values using TagBuilder? I tried this in VS2013, MVC 5.

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  • How do I catch this WPF Bitmap loading exception?

    - by mmr
    I'm developing an application that loads bitmaps off of the web using .NET 3.5 sp1 and C#. The loading code looks like: try { CurrentImage = pics[unChosenPics[index]]; bi = new BitmapImage(CurrentImage.URI); // BitmapImage.UriSource must be in a BeginInit/EndInit block. bi.DownloadCompleted += new EventHandler(bi_DownloadCompleted); AssessmentImage.Source = bi; } catch { System.Console.WriteLine("Something broke during the read!"); } and the code to load on bi_DownloadCompleted is: void bi_DownloadCompleted(object sender, EventArgs e) { try { double dpi = 96; int width = bi.PixelWidth; int height = bi.PixelHeight; int stride = width * 4; // 4 bytes per pixel byte[] pixelData = new byte[stride * height]; bi.CopyPixels(pixelData, stride, 0); BitmapSource bmpSource = BitmapSource.Create(width, height, dpi, dpi, PixelFormats.Bgra32, null, pixelData, stride); AssessmentImage.Source = bmpSource; Loading.Visibility = Visibility.Hidden; AssessmentImage.Visibility = Visibility.Visible; } catch { System.Console.WriteLine("Exception when viewing bitmap."); } } Every so often, an image comes along that breaks the reader. I guess that's to be expected. However, rather than being caught by either of those try/catch blocks, the exception is apparently getting thrown outside of where I can handle it. I could handle it using global WPF exceptions, like this SO question. However, that will seriously mess up the control flow of my program, and I'd like to avoid that if at all possible. I have to do the double source assignment because it appears that many images are lacking in width/height parameters in the places where the microsoft bitmap loader expects them to be. So, the first assignment appears to force the download, and the second assignment gets the dpi/image dimensions happen properly. What can I do to catch and handle this exception? Stack trace: at MS.Internal.HRESULT.Check(Int32 hr) at System.Windows.Media.Imaging.BitmapFrameDecode.get_ColorContexts() at System.Windows.Media.Imaging.BitmapImage.FinalizeCreation() at System.Windows.Media.Imaging.BitmapImage.OnDownloadCompleted(Object sender, EventArgs e) at System.Windows.Media.UniqueEventHelper.InvokeEvents(Object sender, EventArgs args) at System.Windows.Media.Imaging.LateBoundBitmapDecoder.DownloadCallback(Object arg) at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.InternalRealCall(Delegate callback, Object args, Boolean isSingleParameter) at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.TryCatchWhen(Object source, Delegate callback, Object args, Boolean isSingleParameter, Delegate catchHandler) at System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherOperation.InvokeImpl() at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.runTryCode(Object userData) at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.RuntimeHelpers.ExecuteCodeWithGuaranteedCleanup(TryCode code, CleanupCode backoutCode, Object userData) at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state) at System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherOperation.Invoke() at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.ProcessQueue() at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.WndProcHook(IntPtr hwnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, Boolean& handled) at MS.Win32.HwndWrapper.WndProc(IntPtr hwnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, Boolean& handled) at MS.Win32.HwndSubclass.DispatcherCallbackOperation(Object o) at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.InternalRealCall(Delegate callback, Object args, Boolean isSingleParameter) at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.TryCatchWhen(Object source, Delegate callback, Object args, Boolean isSingleParameter, Delegate catchHandler) at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.InvokeImpl(DispatcherPriority priority, TimeSpan timeout, Delegate method, Object args, Boolean isSingleParameter) at MS.Win32.HwndSubclass.SubclassWndProc(IntPtr hwnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam) at MS.Win32.UnsafeNativeMethods.DispatchMessage(MSG& msg) at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.TranslateAndDispatchMessage(MSG& msg) at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.PushFrameImpl(DispatcherFrame frame) at System.Windows.Application.RunInternal(Window window) at LensComparison.App.Main() in C:\Users\Mark64\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\LensComparison\LensComparison\obj\Release\App.g.cs:line 48 at System.AppDomain._nExecuteAssembly(Assembly assembly, String[] args) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.HostingProcess.HostProc.RunUsersAssembly() at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state) at System.Threading.ThreadHelper.ThreadStart()

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  • SQL Server Date Comparison Functions

    - by HighAltitudeCoder
    A few months ago, I found myself working with a repetitive cursor that looped until the data had been manipulated enough times that it was finally correct.  The cursor was heavily dependent upon dates, every time requiring the earlier of two (or several) dates in one stored procedure, while requiring the later of two dates in another stored procedure. In short what I needed was a function that would allow me to perform the following evaluation: WHERE MAX(Date1, Date2) < @SomeDate The problem is, the MAX() function in SQL Server does not perform this functionality.  So, I set out to put these functions together.  They are titled: EarlierOf() and LaterOf(). /**********************************************************                               EarlierOf.sql   **********************************************************/ /**********************************************************   Return the later of two DATETIME variables.   Parameter 1: DATETIME1 Parameter 2: DATETIME2   Works for a variety of DATETIME or NULL values. Even though comparisons with NULL are actually indeterminate, we know conceptually that NULL is not earlier or later than any other date provided.   SYNTAX: SELECT dbo.EarlierOf('1/1/2000','12/1/2009') SELECT dbo.EarlierOf('2009-12-01 00:00:00.000','2009-12-01 00:00:00.521') SELECT dbo.EarlierOf('11/15/2000',NULL) SELECT dbo.EarlierOf(NULL,'1/15/2004') SELECT dbo.EarlierOf(NULL,NULL)   **********************************************************/ USE AdventureWorks GO   IF EXISTS       (SELECT *       FROM sysobjects       WHERE name = 'EarlierOf'       AND xtype = 'FN'       ) BEGIN             DROP FUNCTION EarlierOf END GO   CREATE FUNCTION EarlierOf (       @Date1                              DATETIME,       @Date2                              DATETIME )   RETURNS DATETIME   AS BEGIN       DECLARE @ReturnDate     DATETIME         IF (@Date1 IS NULL AND @Date2 IS NULL)       BEGIN             SET @ReturnDate = NULL             GOTO EndOfFunction       END         ELSE IF (@Date1 IS NULL AND @Date2 IS NOT NULL)       BEGIN             SET @ReturnDate = @Date2             GOTO EndOfFunction       END         ELSE IF (@Date1 IS NOT NULL AND @Date2 IS NULL)       BEGIN             SET @ReturnDate = @Date1             GOTO EndOfFunction       END         ELSE       BEGIN             SET @ReturnDate = @Date1             IF @Date2 < @Date1                   SET @ReturnDate = @Date2             GOTO EndOfFunction       END         EndOfFunction:       RETURN @ReturnDate   END -- End Function GO   ---- Set Permissions --GRANT SELECT ON EarlierOf TO UserRole1 --GRANT SELECT ON EarlierOf TO UserRole2 --GO                                                                                             The inverse of this function is only slightly different. /**********************************************************                               LaterOf.sql   **********************************************************/ /**********************************************************   Return the later of two DATETIME variables.   Parameter 1: DATETIME1 Parameter 2: DATETIME2   Works for a variety of DATETIME or NULL values. Even though comparisons with NULL are actually indeterminate, we know conceptually that NULL is not earlier or later than any other date provided.   SYNTAX: SELECT dbo.LaterOf('1/1/2000','12/1/2009') SELECT dbo.LaterOf('2009-12-01 00:00:00.000','2009-12-01 00:00:00.521') SELECT dbo.LaterOf('11/15/2000',NULL) SELECT dbo.LaterOf(NULL,'1/15/2004') SELECT dbo.LaterOf(NULL,NULL)   **********************************************************/ USE AdventureWorks GO   IF EXISTS       (SELECT *       FROM sysobjects       WHERE name = 'LaterOf'       AND xtype = 'FN'       ) BEGIN             DROP FUNCTION LaterOf END GO   CREATE FUNCTION LaterOf (       @Date1                              DATETIME,       @Date2                              DATETIME )   RETURNS DATETIME   AS BEGIN       DECLARE @ReturnDate     DATETIME         IF (@Date1 IS NULL AND @Date2 IS NULL)       BEGIN             SET @ReturnDate = NULL             GOTO EndOfFunction       END         ELSE IF (@Date1 IS NULL AND @Date2 IS NOT NULL)       BEGIN             SET @ReturnDate = @Date2             GOTO EndOfFunction       END         ELSE IF (@Date1 IS NOT NULL AND @Date2 IS NULL)       BEGIN             SET @ReturnDate = @Date1             GOTO EndOfFunction       END         ELSE       BEGIN             SET @ReturnDate = @Date1             IF @Date2 > @Date1                   SET @ReturnDate = @Date2             GOTO EndOfFunction       END         EndOfFunction:       RETURN @ReturnDate   END -- End Function GO   ---- Set Permissions --GRANT SELECT ON LaterOf TO UserRole1 --GRANT SELECT ON LaterOf TO UserRole2 --GO                                                                                             The interesting thing about this function is its simplicity and the built-in NULL handling functionality.  Its interesting, because it seems like something should already exist in SQL Server that does this.  From a different vantage point, if you create this functionality and it is easy to use (ideally, intuitively self-explanatory), you have made a successful contribution. Interesting is good.  Self-explanatory, or intuitive is FAR better.  Happy coding! Graeme

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  • Using a function with reference as a function with pointers?

    - by epatel
    Today I stumbled over a piece of code that looked horrifying to me. The pieces was chattered in different files, I have tried write the gist of it in a simple test case below. The code base is routinely scanned with FlexeLint on a daily basis, but this construct has been laying in the code since 2004. The thing is that a function implemented with a parameter passing using references is called as a function with a parameter passing using pointers...due to a function cast. The construct has worked since 2004 on Irix and now when porting it actually do work on Linux/gcc too. My question now. Is this a construct one can trust? I can understand if compiler constructors implement the reference passing as it was a pointer, but is it reliable? Are there hidden risks? Should I change the fref(..) to use pointers and risk braking anything in the process? What to you think? #include <iostream> using namespace std; // ---------------------------------------- // This will be passed as a reference in fref(..) struct string_struct { char str[256]; }; // ---------------------------------------- // Using pointer here! void fptr(const char *str) { cout << "fptr: " << str << endl; } // ---------------------------------------- // Using reference here! void fref(string_struct &str) { cout << "fref: " << str.str << endl; } // ---------------------------------------- // Cast to f(const char*) and call with pointer void ftest(void (*fin)()) { void (*fcall)(const char*) = (void(*)(const char*))fin; fcall("Hello!"); } // ---------------------------------------- // Let's go for a test int main() { ftest((void (*)())fptr); // test with fptr that's using pointer ftest((void (*)())fref); // test with fref that's using reference return 0; }

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  • Arraylist is null; I cannot access books in the arraylist

    - by user3701380
    I am a beginner-intermediate java programmer and I am getting a null pointer exception from my arraylist. I am writing a bookstore program for APCS and when i add the book, it is supposed to add to the arraylist in the inventory class. But when i call a method to search for a book (e.g. by title), it shows that there isn't anything in the arraylist. //Here is my inventory class -- it has all methods for adding the book or searching for one The searching methods are in getBookByTitle, getBookByAuthor, and getBookByISBN and the method for adding a book is addBook package webbazonab; //Inventory Class //Bharath Senthil //Ansh Sikka import java.util.ArrayList; public class Inventory{ private ArrayList<Book> allBooks = new ArrayList<Book>(); private String bookTitles; private String bookAuthors; private String bookPrices; private String bookCopies; private String ISBNs; public Inventory() { } //@param double price, int copies, String bookTitle, String Author, String isbnNumber public void addBooks(Book addedBook){ allBooks.add(addedBook); } public boolean isAvailable(){ for(Book myBook : allBooks){ if(myBook.copiesLeft() == 0) return false; } return true; } public String populateTitle(){ for (Book titleBooks : allBooks){ bookTitles = titleBooks.getTitle() + "\n"; return bookTitles; } return bookTitles; } public String populateAuthor(){ for(Book authorBooks : allBooks){ bookAuthors = authorBooks.getAuthor() + "\n"; return bookAuthors; } return bookAuthors; } public String populatePrice(){ for (Book pricedBooks : allBooks){ bookPrices = String.valueOf(pricedBooks.getPrice()) + "\n"; } return "$" + bookPrices; } /** * * @return */ public String populateCopies(){ for (Book amtBooks : allBooks){ bookCopies = String.valueOf(amtBooks.copiesLeft()) + "\n"; return bookCopies; } return bookCopies; } public String populateISBN(){ for (Book isbnNums : allBooks){ ISBNs = isbnNums.getIsbn() + "\n"; return ISBNs; } return ISBNs; } @SuppressWarnings("empty-statement") public Book getBookByTitle(String titleSearch) { for(Book titleBook : allBooks) { if (titleBook.getTitle().equals(titleSearch)) { return titleBook; } } return null; } public Book getBookByISBN(String isbnSearch){ for(Book isbnBookSearches : allBooks){ if(isbnBookSearches.getIsbn().equals(isbnSearch)){ return isbnBookSearches; } } return null; } public Book getBookByAuthor(String authorSearch){ for(Book authorBookSearches : allBooks){ if(authorBookSearches.getAuthor().equals(authorSearch)){ return authorBookSearches; } } return null; } public void sort(){ for(int i = 0; i < allBooks.size(); i++) { for(int k = 0; k < allBooks.size(); k++) { if(((Book) allBooks.get(i)).getIsbn().compareTo(((Book) allBooks.get(k)).getIsbn()) < 1) { Book temp = (Book) allBooks.get(k); allBooks.set(k, allBooks.get(i)); allBooks.set(i, temp); } else if(((Book) allBooks.get(i)).getIsbn().compareTo(((Book) allBooks.get(k)).getIsbn()) > 1) { Book temp = (Book) allBooks.get(i); allBooks.set(i, allBooks.get(k)); allBooks.set(k, temp); } } } } public ArrayList<Book> getBooks(){ return allBooks; } } //The exception occurs when i call the method here (in another class): Inventory lib = new Inventory(); jTextField12.setText(lib.getBookByAuthor(authorSearch).getTitle()); Here is my book class if you need it package webbazonab; //Webbazon AB //Project By: Ansh Sikka and Bharath Senthil public class Book { private double myPrice; private String myTitle; private String bookAuthor; private String isbn; private int myCopies; public Book(double price, int copies, String bookTitle, String Author, String isbnNumber) { myPrice = price; myCopies = copies; myTitle = bookTitle; bookAuthor = Author; isbn = isbnNumber; } public double getPrice() { return myPrice; } public String getIsbn() { return isbn; } public String getTitle() { return myTitle; } public String getAuthor() { return bookAuthor; } public int copiesLeft(){ return myCopies; } public String notFound(){ return "The book you searched for could not be found!"; } public String toString() { return "Title: " + getTitle() + "\nAuthor: " + getAuthor() + "\nNumber of Available Books: " + copiesLeft() + "\nPrice: $" + getPrice(); } } Thanks!

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  • How to insert null value for numeric field of a datatable in c#?

    - by Pandiya Chendur
    Consider My dynamically generated datatable contains the following fileds Id,Name,Mob1,Mob2 If my datatable has this it get inserted successfully, Id Name Mob1 Mob2 1 acp 9994564564 9568848526 But when it is like this it gets failed saying, Id Name Mob1 Mob2 1 acp 9994564564 The given value of type String from the data source cannot be converted to type decimal of the specified target column. I generating my datatable by readingt a csv file, CSVReader reader = new CSVReader(CSVFile.PostedFile.InputStream); string[] headers = reader.GetCSVLine(); DataTable dt = new DataTable(); foreach (string strHeader in headers) { dt.Columns.Add(strHeader); } string[] data; while ((data = reader.GetCSVLine()) != null) { dt.Rows.Add(data); } Any suggestion how to insert null value for numeric field during BulkCopy in c#... EDIT: I tried this dt.Columns["Mob2"].AllowDBNull = true; but it doesn't seem to work...

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  • MS Access: How to replace blank (null ) values with 0 for all records?

    - by rick
    MS Access: How to replace blank (null ) values with 0 for all records? I guess it has to be done using SQL. I can use Find and Replace to replace 0 with blank, but not the other way around (won't "find" a blank, even if I enter [Ctrl-Spacebar] which inserts a space. So I guess I need to do SQL where I find null values for MyField, then replace all of them with 0. Any help is greatly appreciated. Thanks, The Find & Replace guy.

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