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• SVN: Release branch headaches, how to merge in website revisions as and when cleared to go live?

  - by Pete Duncanson

  I need a sanity check here if we can, any ideas on correcting/changing the following are very welcome! We've been getting ourselves in knots of late with our SVN and are trying to correct it by putting a Trunk/Release system in place. We have a large website that we develop on and we store it all in SVN. Heres what we had in mind: We have trunk and a release branch All work gets checked into Trunk. When a feature is deemed ready for the next release it is merged into a Release branch. We only have one release branch and just tag "Latest" when we do a push to live We hope to be able to get all the files changed from Latest to Head to give us a zip that we can upload (any ideas on an easy way to do this via scripting?) So we set all this up and where very happy with ourselves. Except its not working and heres why. We work on lots a different features/fixes/problems at once and they don't all get nicely checked in feature complete (but always working at least). Then sometimes you have to wait for Clients to sign off. As a result you end up with revisions which are "ready for live" being scattered with ones which are "still being worked on" in trunk. That means that the completed revisions are not getting merged in sequentially but out of order. I thought SVN could handle this, clever little thing it is, but apparently not. Heres an example: Pete changes some CSS to make a new button look pretty (Revision 1) Dave add some CSS to the bottom of the same CSS file as Pete's for a new feature (Revision 2) Dave's mod gets the nod so he merges it into Release and commits it with a log message mentioning revision number and bug tracking id. Pete adds more buttons to finish this mod, no CSS changes here though (Revision 3) Pete then merges his mods (Revision 1 and 3) into the Head of Release (which has Daves merge in it) but this over-writes Daves CSS additions which now dissapear completely. This leads to the site being broken and the Release branch being pretty much useless. So we tried some other ideas like reverting Release back to "Latest" and then just merging in all the Revisions 1,2 and 3 in order. This worked fine until we had Revision 4 which was not ready for live and Revision 5 which was. Suddenly we are getting ourselves in knots again with exactly the same problem! Ok so take three. Revert to Latest, merge in Revision 5, then do any update back to Head. Tree conflicts galore! So thats a no no. I cracked in the end and built it all up manaually but its not something I want to do regular, ideally I want to script our deployment but can't while Release is in such a mess. HELP! What the heck are we doing wrong? I can't seem to find any solutions to this problem of wanting different none sequential Revisions in Release. If its not possible thats fine but how the heck are we meant to get stuff live easily. We can't branch for every single change, the site takes 30 minutes+ to check out it would take too long. Side note, we are using TortoiseSVN so can we keep command line examples to a minimum in any answers? Latest version of TSVN and SVN Version 1.6 so we have the funky merge tracking etc. EDIT: An excellent blog post which deals with the dev/release cycle (although using GIT but still relivant) thought everyone would like to read it if they found this question interesting. (http://nvie.com/git-model) EDIT 2: I wrote a blog post on how to show which branch you are working on in your website which others have asked me about (http://www.offroadcode.com/2010/5/14/which-svn-branch-are-you-working-on.aspx). Hope that helps. In the meantime we are looking at Kiln and hoping to make the switch next month (gulp!)

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• WPF: Focus in a Window and UserControl

  - by Echilon

  I'm trying to get a UserControl to tab properly and am baffled. The logical tree looks like this. |-Window -Grid -TabControl -TabItem -StackPanel -MyUserControl |-StackPanel -GroupBox -Grid -ComboBox -Textbox1 -Textbox2 Everything works fine, except when the visibility converter for the ComboBox returns Visibility.Collapsed (don't allow user to change database mode), then when textbox1 is selected, instead of being able to tab through the controls in the UserControl, the focus shifts to a button declared at the bottom of the window. Nothing else apart from the controls displayed has TabIndex or FocusManager properties set. I'm banging my head against a brick wall and I must be missing something. I've tried IsFocusScope=True/False, played with FocusedElement and nothing works if that ComboBox is invisible (Visibility.Collapsed). <Window x:Class="MyNamespace.Client.WinInstaller" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" FocusManager.FocusedElement="{Binding ElementName=tabWizard}"> <Window.Resources> <props:Settings x:Key="settings" /> </Window.Resources> <Grid Grid.IsSharedSizeScope="True"> <!-- row and column definitions omitted --> <loc:SmallHeader Grid.Row="0" x:Name="headerBranding" HeaderText="Setup" /> <TabControl x:Name="tabWizard" DataContext="{StaticResource settings}" SelectedIndex="0" FocusManager.IsFocusScope="True"> <TabItem x:Name="tbStart" Height="0"> <StackPanel> <TextBlock Text="Database Mode"/> <loc:DatabaseSelector x:Name="dbSelector" AllowChangeMode="False" TabIndex="1" AvailableDatabaseModes="SQLServer" IsPortRequired="False" DatabaseMode="{Binding Default.DbMode,Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" DatabasePath="{Binding Default.DatabasePath,Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"/> </StackPanel> </TabItem> ... The top of the user control is below: <UserControl x:Class="MyNamespace.Client.DatabaseSelector" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" x:Name="root" FocusManager.IsFocusScope="True" FocusManager.FocusedElement="{Binding ElementName=cboDbMode}"> <UserControl.Resources> <conv:DatabaseModeIsFileBased x:Key="DatabaseModeIsFileBased"/> <BooleanToVisibilityConverter x:Key="BooleanToVisibilityConverter"/> </UserControl.Resources> <StackPanel DataContext="{Binding}"> <GroupBox> <Grid> <!-- row and column definitions omitted --> <Label Content="Database Mode"/> <ComboBox x:Name="cboDbMode" SelectedValue="{Binding ElementName=root,Path=DatabaseMode,Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" DisplayMemberPath="Value" SelectedValuePath="Key" TabIndex="1" Visibility="{Binding AllowChangeMode,ElementName=root,Converter={StaticResource BooleanToVisibilityConverter}}" /> <!-- AllowChangeMode is a DependencyProperty on the UserControl --> <Grid><!-- row and column definitions omitted --> <Label "Host"/> <TextBox x:Name="txtDBHost" Text="{Binding ElementName=root,Path=DatabaseHost,Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" TabIndex="2" /> <TextBox x:Name="txtDBPort" Text="{Binding ElementName=root,Path=DatabasePortString,Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" TabIndex="3" />

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• Class member functions instantiated by traits

  - by Jive Dadson

  I am reluctant to say I can't figure this out, but I can't figure this out. I've googled and searched Stack Overflow, and come up empty. The abstract, and possibly overly vague form of the question is, how can I use the traits-pattern to instantiate non-virtual member functions? The question came up while modernizing a set of multivariate function optimizers that I wrote more than 10 years ago. The optimizers all operate by selecting a straight-line path through the parameter space away from the current best point (the "update"), then finding a better point on that line (the "line search"), then testing for the "done" condition, and if not done, iterating. There are different methods for doing the update, the line-search, and conceivably for the done test, and other things. Mix and match. Different update formulae require different state-variable data. For example, the LMQN update requires a vector, and the BFGS update requires a matrix. If evaluating gradients is cheap, the line-search should do so. If not, it should use function evaluations only. Some methods require more accurate line-searches than others. Those are just some examples. The original version instantiates several of the combinations by means of virtual functions. Some traits are selected by setting mode bits that are tested at runtime. Yuck. It would be trivial to define the traits with #define's and the member functions with #ifdef's and macros. But that's so twenty years ago. It bugs me that I cannot figure out a whiz-bang modern way. If there were only one trait that varied, I could use the curiously recurring template pattern. But I see no way to extend that to arbitrary combinations of traits. I tried doing it using boost::enable_if, etc.. The specialized state information was easy. I managed to get the functions done, but only by resorting to non-friend external functions that have the this-pointer as a parameter. I never even figured out how to make the functions friends, much less member functions. The compiler (VC++ 2008) always complained that things didn't match. I would yell, "SFINAE, you moron!" but the moron is probably me. Perhaps tag-dispatch is the key. I haven't gotten very deeply into that. Surely it's possible, right? If so, what is best practice? UPDATE: Here's another try at explaining it. I want the user to be able to fill out an order (manifest) for a custom optimizer, something like ordering off of a Chinese menu - one from column A, one from column B, etc.. Waiter, from column A (updaters), I'll have the BFGS update with Cholesky-decompositon sauce. From column B (line-searchers), I'll have the cubic interpolation line-search with an eta of 0.4 and a rho of 1e-4, please. Etc... UPDATE: Okay, okay. Here's the playing-around that I've done. I offer it reluctantly, because I suspect it's a completely wrong-headed approach. It runs okay under vc++ 2008. #include <boost/utility.hpp> #include <boost/type_traits/integral_constant.hpp> namespace dj { struct CBFGS { void bar() {printf("CBFGS::bar %d\n", data);} CBFGS(): data(1234){} int data; }; template<class T> struct is_CBFGS: boost::false_type{}; template<> struct is_CBFGS<CBFGS>: boost::true_type{}; struct LMQN {LMQN(): data(54.321){} void bar() {printf("LMQN::bar %lf\n", data);} double data; }; template<class T> struct is_LMQN: boost::false_type{}; template<> struct is_LMQN<LMQN> : boost::true_type{}; struct default_optimizer_traits { typedef CBFGS update_type; }; template<class traits> class Optimizer; template<class traits> void foo(typename boost::enable_if<is_LMQN<typename traits::update_type>, Optimizer<traits> >::type& self) { printf(" LMQN %lf\n", self.data); } template<class traits> void foo(typename boost::enable_if<is_CBFGS<typename traits::update_type>, Optimizer<traits> >::type& self) { printf("CBFGS %d\n", self.data); } template<class traits = default_optimizer_traits> class Optimizer{ friend typename traits::update_type; //friend void dj::foo<traits>(typename Optimizer<traits> & self); // How? public: //void foo(void); // How??? void foo() { dj::foo<traits>(*this); } void bar() { data.bar(); } //protected: // How? typedef typename traits::update_type update_type; update_type data; }; } // namespace dj int main_() { dj::Optimizer<> opt; opt.foo(); opt.bar(); std::getchar(); return 0; }

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• "Phased" execution of functions in javascript

  - by FK82

  Hey there! This is my first post on stackoverflow, so please don't flame me too hard if I come across like a total nitwit or if I'm unable ot make myself perfectly clear. :-) Here's my problem: I'm trying to write a javascript function that "ties" two functions to another by checking the first one's completion and then executing the second one. The easy solution to this obviously would be to write a meta function that calls both functions within it's scope. However, if the first function is asynchronous (specifically an AJAX call) and the second function requires the first one's result data, that simply won't work. My idea for a solution was to give the first function a "flag", i.e. making it create a public property "this.trigger" (initialized as "0", set to "1" upon completion) once it is called; doing that should make it possible for another function to check the flag for its value ([0,1]). If the condition is met ("trigger == 1") the second function should get called. The following is an abstract example code that I have used for testing: <script type="text/javascript" > /**/function cllFnc(tgt) { //!! first function this.trigger = 0 ; var trigger = this.trigger ; var _tgt = document.getElementById(tgt) ; //!! changes the color of the target div to signalize the function's execution _tgt.style.background = '#66f' ; alert('Calling! ...') ; setTimeout(function() { //!! in place of an AJAX call, duration 5000ms trigger = 1 ; },5000) ; } /**/function rcvFnc(tgt) { //!! second function that should get called upon the first function's completion var _tgt = document.getElementById(tgt) ; //!! changes color of the target div to signalize the function's execution _tgt.style.background = '#f63' ; alert('... Someone picked up!') ; } /**/function callCheck(obj) { //alert(obj.trigger ) ; //!! correctly returns initial "0" if(obj.trigger == 1) { //!! here's the problem: trigger never receives change from function on success and thus function two never fires alert('trigger is one') ; return true ; } else if(obj.trigger == 0) { return false ; } } /**/function tieExc(fncA,fncB,prms) { if(fncA == 'cllFnc') { var objA = new cllFnc(prms) ; alert(typeof objA + '\n' + objA.trigger) ; //!! returns expected values "object" and "0" } //room for more case definitions var myItv = window.setInterval(function() { document.getElementById(prms).innerHTML = new Date() ; //!! displays date in target div to signalize the interval increments var myCallCheck = new callCheck(objA) ; if( myCallCheck == true ) { if(fncB == 'rcvFnc') { var objB = new rcvFnc(prms) ; } //room for more case definitions window.clearInterval(myItv) ; } else if( myCallCheck == false ) { return ; } },500) ; } </script> The HTML part for testing: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd > <html> <head> <script type="text/javascript" > <!-- see above --> </script> <title> Test page </title> </head> <body> <!-- !! testing area --> <div id='target' style='float:left ; height:6em ; width:8em ; padding:0.1em 0 0 0; font-size:5em ; text-align:center ; font-weight:bold ; color:#eee ; background:#fff;border:0.1em solid #555 ; -webkit-border-radius:0.5em ;' > Test Div </div> <div style="float:left;" > <input type="button" value="tie calls" onmousedown="tieExc('cllFnc','rcvFnc','target') ;" /> </div> <body> </html> I'm pretty sure that this is some issue with javascript scope as I have checked whether the trigger gets set to "1" correctly and it does. Very likely the "checkCall()" function does not receive the updated object but instead only checks its old instance which obviously never flags completion by setting "this.trigger" to "1". If so I don't know how to address that issue. Anyway, hope someone has an idea or experience with this particular kind of problem. Thanks for reading! FK

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• Is possible to make mt.exe embed manifest files correctly in Visual Studio 2008?

  - by Sorin Sbarnea

  I found that mt.exe fails to correctly create and embed manifest files into executables when run inside a VCPROJ. For example the same executable load well on Windows 7 but failed to load on Windows XP. The manifest was embedded and correct. After I spend lots of hours searching for possible reasons and solution I modified the project settings to generate the manifest outside the exe file. Now it works on both systems. Here are the examples for debug builds. With embed disabled: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?> <assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0"> <trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3"> <security> <requestedPrivileges> <requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false"></requestedExecutionLevel> </requestedPrivileges> </security> </trustInfo> <dependency> <dependentAssembly> <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.VC90.DebugCRT" version="9.0.21022.8" processorArchitecture="x86" publicKeyToken="1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b"></assemblyIdentity> </dependentAssembly> </dependency> <dependency> <dependentAssembly> <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.VC90.DebugMFC" version="9.0.21022.8" processorArchitecture="x86" publicKeyToken="1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b"></assemblyIdentity> </dependentAssembly> </dependency> </assembly> This is with embed enabled: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes" ?> <assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0"> <trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3"> <security> <requestedPrivileges> <requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" /> </requestedPrivileges> </security> </trustInfo> <dependency> <dependentAssembly> <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.VC90.DebugCRT" version="9.0.21022.8" processorArchitecture="x86" publicKeyToken="1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b" /> </dependentAssembly> </dependency> <dependency> <dependentAssembly> <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.VC90.DebugMFC" version="9.0.21022.8" processorArchitecture="x86" publicKeyToken="1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b" /> </dependentAssembly> </dependency> <dependency> <dependentAssembly> <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls" version="6.0.0.0" processorArchitecture="x86" publicKeyToken="6595b64144ccf1df" language="*" /> </dependentAssembly> </dependency> </assembly> If you compare them the second one adds common controls (I don't know from where) and also it is a small difference with the syntax of requestedExecutionLevel tag.

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• Unicast traffic between hosts on a switch leaving the switch by its uplink. Why?

  - by Rich Lafferty

  I have a weird thing happening on our network at my office which I can't quite get my head around. In particular I can't tell if it's a problem with a switch, or a problem with configuration. We have a Cisco SG300-52 switch (sw01) in the top of a rack in our server room, connected to another SG300-28 that acts as our core switch (core01). Both run layer 2 only, our firewalls do routing between VLANs. They have a dozen or so VLANs between them. Gi1 on sw01 is a trunk port connected to gi1 on core01. (Disclosure: There are other switches in our environment but I'm pretty sure I've isolated the problem down to these two. Happy to provide more info if necessary.) The behaviour I'm seeing is limited to one VLAN, vlan 12 -- or, at least, it's not happening on the other ones I checked (It's hard to guarantee the absence of packets), and it is: sw01 is forwarding, to core01, traffic which is between two hosts which are both plugged into sw01. (I noticed this because the IDS in our firewall gave a false positive on traffic which should not reach the firewall.) We noticed this mostly between our two dhcp/dns servers, net01 (10.12.0.10) and net02 (10.12.0.11). net01 is physical hardware and net02 is on a VMware ESX server. net01 is connected to gi44 on sw01 and net02's ESX server to gi11. [net01]----gi44-[sw01]-gi1----gi1-[core01] [net02]----gi11/ Let's see some interfaces! Remember, vlan 12 is the problem vlan. Of the others I explicitly verified that vlan 27 was not affected. Here's the two hosts' ports: esx01 contains net02. sw01#sh run int gi11 interface gigabitethernet11 description esx01 lldp med disable switchport trunk allowed vlan add 5-7,11-13,100 switchport trunk native vlan 27 ! sw01#sh run int gi44 interface gigabitethernet44 description net01-1 lldp med disable switchport mode access switchport access vlan 12 ! Here's the trunk on sw01. sw01#sh run int gi1 interface gigabitethernet1 description "trunk to core01" lldp med disable switchport trunk allowed vlan add 4-7,11-13,27,100 ! And the other end of the trunk on core01. interface gigabitethernet1 description sw01 macro description switch switchport trunk allowed vlan add 2-7,11-16,27,100 ! I have a monitor port on core01, thus: core01#sh run int gi12 interface gigabitethernet12 description "monitor port" port monitor GigabitEthernet 1 ! And the monitor port on core01 sees unicast traffic going between net01 and net02, both of which are on sw01! I've verified this with a monitor port on sw01 that sees the net01-net02 unicast traffic leaving via gi1 too. sw01 knows that both of those hosts are on ports that are not its trunk port: :) ratchet$ arp -a | grep net net02.2ndsiteinc.com (10.12.0.11) at 00:0C:29:1A:66:15 [ether] on eth0 net01.2ndsiteinc.com (10.12.0.10) at 00:11:43:D8:9F:94 [ether] on eth0 sw01#sh mac addr addr 00:0C:29:1A:66:15 Aging time is 300 sec Vlan Mac Address Port Type -------- --------------------- ---------- ---------- 12 00:0c:29:1a:66:15 gi11 dynamic sw01#sh mac addr addr 00:11:43:D8:9F:94 Aging time is 300 sec Vlan Mac Address Port Type -------- --------------------- ---------- ---------- 12 00:11:43:d8:9f:94 gi44 dynamic I also brought up an unused port on sw01 on vlan 12, but the unicast traffic was (as best as I could tell) not coming out that port. So it doesn't look like sw01 is pushing it out all its ports, just the right ports and also gi1! I've verified that sw01 is not filling up its address-table: sw01#sh mac addr count This may take some time. Capacity : 8192 Free : 7983 Used : 208 The full configs for both core01 and sw01 are available: core01, sw01. Finally, versions: sw01#sh ver SW version 1.1.2.0 ( date 12-Nov-2011 time 23:34:26 ) Boot version 1.0.0.4 ( date 08-Apr-2010 time 16:37:57 ) HW version V01 core01#sh ver SW version 1.1.2.0 ( date 12-Nov-2011 time 23:34:26 ) Boot version 1.1.0.6 ( date 11-May-2011 time 18:31:00 ) HW version V01 So my understanding is this: sw01 should take unicast traffic for net01 and send it only out net02's port, and vice versa; none of it should go out sw01's uplink. But core01, receiving traffic on gi1 for a host it knows is on gi1, is right in sending it out all of its ports. (That is: sw01 is misbehaving, but core01 is doing what it should given the circumstances.) My question is: Why is sw01 sending that unicast traffic out its uplink, gi1? (And pre-emptively: yes, I know SG300s leave much to be desired, and yes, we should have spanning-tree enabled, but that's where I'm at right now.)

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• How to echo if field is not found?

  - by Fahad

  Hi I'm trying to figure out how to echo back if the value entered does not match when a database lookup is done. I'm using ajax to run the request and php to do the lookup ajax.js: function showResult(str) { if (str=="") { document.getElementById("description").innerHTML=""; return; } if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest(); } else {// code for IE6, IE5 xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function() { if (xmlhttp.readyState==4 && xmlhttp.status==200) { document.getElementById("description").innerHTML=xmlhttp.responseText; } } xmlhttp.open("GET","getuser.php?voucher="+str,true); xmlhttp.send(null); } and getuser.php: <?php $q=$_GET["voucher"]; $con = mysql_connect('localhost', 'root', ''); if (!$con) { die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error()); } mysql_select_db("test", $con); $sql="SELECT * FROM redemption WHERE voucher = '".$q."'"; $result = mysql_query($sql); echo "<table> <tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Product</th> <th>Address</th> <th>Status</th> </tr>"; while($row = mysql_fetch_array($result)) { echo "<tr>"; echo "<td>" . $row['name'] . "</td>"; echo "<td>" . $row['product'] . "</td>"; echo "<td>" . $row['address'] ." ".$row['city'] ." ".$row['province'] ." ".$row['postal'] . "</td>"; echo "<td>" . $row['status'] . "</td>"; echo "</tr>"; } echo "</table>"; mysql_close($con); ?> What I would like to do is that once the person enters an invalid or a voucher number that is not found I would like to return an error that "Voucher number is not found". There is also a column in the db that stores the status such as "redeemed" or "not redeemed". How could I check for both whether the voucher number exists and if it has already been redeemed? I assume it'd have to be a syntax such as $sql="SELECT * FROM redemption WHERE voucher = '".$q."'" AND status = 'not redeemed' and then use an else or case statement perhaps? Thanks in advance

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• Running 32 bit assembly code on a 64 bit Linux & 64 bit Processor : Explain the anomaly.

  - by claws

  Hello, I'm in an interesting problem.I forgot I'm using 64bit machine & OS and wrote a 32 bit assembly code. I don't know how to write 64 bit code. This is the x86 32-bit assembly code for Gnu Assembler (AT&T syntax) on Linux. //hello.S #include <asm/unistd.h> #include <syscall.h> #define STDOUT 1 .data hellostr: .ascii "hello wolrd\n"; helloend: .text .globl _start _start: movl $(SYS_write) , %eax //ssize_t write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count); movl $(STDOUT) , %ebx movl $hellostr , %ecx movl $(helloend-hellostr) , %edx int $0x80 movl $(SYS_exit), %eax //void _exit(int status); xorl %ebx, %ebx int $0x80 ret Now, This code should run fine on a 32bit processor & 32 bit OS right? As we know 64 bit processors are backward compatible with 32 bit processors. So, that also wouldn't be a problem. The problem arises because of differences in system calls & call mechanism in 64-bit OS & 32-bit OS. I don't know why but they changed the system call numbers between 32-bit linux & 64-bit linux. asm/unistd_32.h defines: #define __NR_write 4 #define __NR_exit 1 asm/unistd_64.h defines: #define __NR_write 1 #define __NR_exit 60 Anyway using Macros instead of direct numbers is paid off. Its ensuring correct system call numbers. when I assemble & link & run the program. $cpp hello.S hello.s //pre-processor $as hello.s -o hello.o //assemble $ld hello.o // linker : converting relocatable to executable Its not printing helloworld. In gdb its showing: Program exited with code 01. I don't know how to debug in gdb. using tutorial I tried to debug it and execute instruction by instruction checking registers at each step. its always showing me "program exited with 01". It would be great if some on could show me how to debug this. (gdb) break _start Note: breakpoint -10 also set at pc 0x4000b0. Breakpoint 8 at 0x4000b0 (gdb) start Function "main" not defined. Make breakpoint pending on future shared library load? (y or [n]) y Temporary breakpoint 9 (main) pending. Starting program: /home/claws/helloworld Program exited with code 01. (gdb) info breakpoints Num Type Disp Enb Address What 8 breakpoint keep y 0x00000000004000b0 <_start> 9 breakpoint del y <PENDING> main I tried running strace. This is its output: execve("./helloworld", ["./helloworld"], [/* 39 vars */]) = 0 write(0, NULL, 12 <unfinished ... exit status 1> Explain the parameters of write(0, NULL, 12) system call in the output of strace? What exactly is happening? I want to know the reason why exactly its exiting with exitstatus=1? Can some one please show me how to debug this program using gdb? Why did they change the system call numbers? Kindly change this program appropriately so that it can run correctly on this machine. EDIT: After reading Paul R's answer. I checked my files claws@claws-desktop:~$ file ./hello.o ./hello.o: ELF 64-bit LSB relocatable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), not stripped claws@claws-desktop:~$ file ./hello ./hello: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, not stripped All of my questions still hold true. What exactly is happening in this case? Can someone please answer my questions and provide an x86-64 version of this code?

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• Weird XPath behavior in libxml2

  - by Josh K

  I have this XML tree that looks like this (I've changed the tag names but if you're really clever you may figure out what I'm actually doing.) <ListOfThings> <Thing foo:action="add"> <Bar>doStuff --slowly</Bar> <Index>1</Index> </Thing> <Thing foo:action="add"> <Bar>ping yourMother.net</Bar> <Index>2</Index> </Thing> </ListOfThings> With libxml2, I want to programmatically insert a new Thing tag into the ListOfThings with the Index being the highest current index, plus one. I do it like this (sanity checking removed for brevity): xpath = "//urn:myformat[@foo='bar']/" "urn:mysection[@name='baz']/" "urn:ListOfThings/urn:Thing/urn:Index"; xpathObj = xmlXPathEvalExpression(xpath, xpathCtx); nodes = xpathObj->nodesetval; /* Find last value and snarf the value of the tag */ highest = atoi(nodes->nodeTab[nodes->nodeNr - 1]->children->content); snprintf(order, sizeof(order), "%d", highest + 1); /* highest index plus one */ /* now move up two levels.. */ cmdRoot = nodes->nodeTab[nodes->nodeNr - 1]; ASSERT(cmdRoot->parent && cmdRoot->parent->parent); cmdRoot = cmdRoot->parent->parent; /* build the child tag */ newTag = xmlNewNode(NULL, "Thing"); xmlSetProp(newTag, "foo:action", "add"); /* set new node values */ xmlNewTextChild(newTag, NULL, "Bar", command); xmlNewChild(newTag, NULL, "Index", order); /* append this to cmdRoot */ xmlAddChild(cmdRoot, newTag); But if I call this function twice (to add two Things), the XPath expression doesn't catch the new entry I made. Is there a function I need to call to kick XPath in the shins and get it to make sure it really looks over the whole xmlDocPtr again? It clearly does get added to the document, because when I save it, I get the new tags I added. To be clear, the output looks like this: <ListOfThings> <Thing foo:action="add"> <Bar>doStuff --slowly</Bar> <Index>1</Index> </Thing> <Thing foo:action="add"> <Bar>ping yourMother.net</Bar> <Index>2</Index> </Thing> <Thing foo:action="add"> <Bar>newCommand1</Bar> <Index>3</Index> </Thing> <Thing foo:action="add"> <Bar>newCommand2</Bar> <Index>3</Index> <!-- this is WRONG! --> </Thing> </ListOfThings> I used a debugger to check what happened after xmlXPathEvalExpression got called and I saw that nodes->nodeNr was the same each time. Help me, lazyweb, you're my only hope!

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• Python/numpy tricky slicing problem

  - by daver

  Hi stack overflow, I have a problem with some numpy stuff. I need a numpy array to behave in an unusual manner by returning a slice as a view of the data I have sliced, not a copy. So heres an example of what I want to do: Say we have a simple array like this: a = array([1, 0, 0, 0]) I would like to update consecutive entries in the array (moving left to right) with the previous entry from the array, using syntax like this: a[1:] = a[0:3] This would get the following result: a = array([1, 1, 1, 1]) Or something like this: a[1:] = 2*a[:3] # a = [1,2,4,8] To illustrate further I want the following kind of behaviour: for i in range(len(a)): if i == 0 or i+1 == len(a): continue a[i+1] = a[i] Except I want the speed of numpy. The default behavior of numpy is to take a copy of the slice, so what I actually get is this: a = array([1, 1, 0, 0]) I already have this array as a subclass of the ndarray, so I can make further changes to it if need be, I just need the slice on the right hand side to be continually updated as it updates the slice on the left hand side. Am I dreaming or is this magic possible? Update: This is all because I am trying to use Gauss-Seidel iteration to solve a linear algebra problem, more or less. It is a special case involving harmonic functions, I was trying to avoid going into this because its really not necessary and likely to confuse things further, but here goes. The algorithm is this: while not converged: for i in range(len(u[:,0])): for j in range(len(u[0,:])): # skip over boundary entries, i,j == 0 or len(u) u[i,j] = 0.25*(u[i-1,j] + u[i+1,j] + u[i, j-1] + u[i,j+1]) Right? But you can do this two ways, Jacobi involves updating each element with its neighbours without considering updates you have already made until the while loop cycles, to do it in loops you would copy the array then update one array from the copied array. However Gauss-Seidel uses information you have already updated for each of the i-1 and j-1 entries, thus no need for a copy, the loop should essentially 'know' since the array has been re-evaluated after each single element update. That is to say, every time we call up an entry like u[i-1,j] or u[i,j-1] the information calculated in the previous loop will be there. I want to replace this slow and ugly nested loop situation with one nice clean line of code using numpy slicing: u[1:-1,1:-1] = 0.25(u[:-2,1:-1] + u[2:,1:-1] + u[1:-1,:-2] + u[1:-1,2:]) But the result is Jacobi iteration because when you take a slice: u[:,-2,1:-1] you copy the data, thus the slice is not aware of any updates made. Now numpy still loops right? Its not parallel its just a faster way to loop that looks like a parallel operation in python. I want to exploit this behaviour by sort of hacking numpy to return a pointer instead of a copy when I take a slice. Right? Then every time numpy loops, that slice will 'update' or really just replicate whatever happened in the update. To do this I need slices on both sides of the array to be pointers. Anyway if there is some really really clever person out there that awesome, but I've pretty much resigned myself to believing the only answer is to loop in C.

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• "interface not found" in WCF Moniker without registration for excel

  - by tbischel

  I'm trying to connect excel to a WCF service, but I can't seem to get even a trivial case to work... I get an Invalid Syntax error when I try and create the proxy in excel. I've attached the visual studio debugger to excel, and get that the real error is "interface not found". I know the service works because the test client created by visual studio is ok... so the problem is in the VBA moniker string. I'm hoping to find one of two things: 1) a correction to my moniker string that will make this work, or 2) an existing sample project to download that has the source for both the host and client that does work. Here is the code for my VBA client: Dim addr As String addr = "service:mexAddress=net.tcp://localhost:7891/Test/WcfService1/Service1/mex, " addr = addr + "address=net.tcp://localhost:7891/Test/WcfService1/Service1/, " addr = addr + "contract=IService1, contractNamespace=http://tempuri.org, " addr = addr + "binding=NetTcpBinding_IService1, bindingNamespace=""http://tempuri.org""" MsgBox (addr) Dim service1 As Object Set service1 = GetObject(addr) MsgBox service1.Test(12) I have the following service: [ServiceContract] public interface IService1 { [OperationContract] string GetData(int value); } public class Service1 : IService1 { public string GetData(int value) { return string.Format("You entered: {0}", value); } } It has the following config file: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration> <system.web> <compilation debug="true" /> </system.web> <!-- When deploying the service library project, the content of the config file must be added to the host's app.config file. System.Configuration does not support config files for libraries. --> <system.serviceModel> <services> <service behaviorConfiguration="WcfService1.Service1Behavior" name="WcfService1.Service1"> <endpoint address="" binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="" contract="WcfService1.IService1"> <identity> <dns value="localhost" /> </identity> </endpoint> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="" contract="IMetadataExchange" /> <host> <baseAddresses> <add baseAddress="net.tcp://localhost:7891/Test/WcfService1/Service1/" /> </baseAddresses> </host> </service> </services> <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="WcfService1.Service1Behavior"> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="false" /> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> </system.serviceModel> </configuration>

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• Segmentation fault when running a python script/GTKBuilder app?

  - by pythonscript

  I'm trying to learn GUI programming using python2 and GTKBuilder, but I get a segmentation fault when I run the code. This is my file, created in Glade as a GTKBuilder file: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <interface> <!-- interface-requires gtk+ 3.0 --> <object class="GtkWindow" id="mainWindow"> <property name="can_focus">False</property> <child> <object class="GtkBox" id="box1"> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="can_focus">False</property> <property name="orientation">vertical</property> <child> <object class="GtkBox" id="box2"> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="can_focus">False</property> <property name="halign">start</property> <property name="margin_left">146</property> <property name="margin_right">276</property> <child> <object class="GtkLabel" id="label1"> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="can_focus">False</property> <property name="label" translatable="yes">label</property> </object> <packing> <property name="expand">True</property> <property name="fill">False</property> <property name="position">0</property> </packing> </child> <child> <object class="GtkEntry" id="entryName"> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="can_focus">True</property> <property name="margin_bottom">4</property> <property name="hexpand">True</property> <property name="vexpand">True</property> <property name="invisible_char">?</property> <property name="placeholder_text">Please enter your name here...</property> </object> <packing> <property name="expand">True</property> <property name="fill">True</property> <property name="position">1</property> </packing> </child> </object> <packing> <property name="expand">False</property> <property name="fill">True</property> <property name="position">0</property> </packing> </child> <child> <object class="GtkButton" id="buttonWriteNameToFile"> <property name="label" translatable="yes">button</property> <property name="use_action_appearance">False</property> <property name="visible">True</property> <property name="can_focus">True</property> <property name="receives_default">True</property> <property name="use_action_appearance">False</property> <signal name="clicked" handler="buttonWriteNameToFile_clicked" swapped="no"/> </object> <packing> <property name="expand">False</property> <property name="fill">True</property> <property name="position">1</property> </packing> </child> <child> <placeholder/> </child> <child> <placeholder/> </child> </object> </child> </object> </interface> My python code, based on this question, is this: #!/usr/bin/env python import gtk class NameApp: def __init__(self): filename = "project.glade" builder = gtk.Builder() builder.add_from_file(filename) builder.connect_signals(self) builder.get_object("mainWindow").show_all() def buttonWriteNameToFile_clicked(self, widget): print("File write code...") if __name__ == "__main__": app = NameApp() gtk.main() Running the file with python2 yields this error: name.py:9: Warning: cannot create instance of abstract (non-instantiatable) type `GtkBox' builder.add_from_file(filename) ./geany_run_script.sh: line 5: 14897 Segmentation fault python2 "name.py" I thought I followed that example as closely as possible, and I don't see any differences outside of the GTKBuilder file. However, the example in the linked question runs successfully on my machine. I don't know if it's relevant, but I'm running Arch Linux x86_64.

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• How do I evaluate my skillset against the current market to see what needs improvement and where my

  - by baijajusav

  First of all, this question may be out of bounds for this site. If so, remove it. I say this because this site seems to be a place for more concrete questions that are not so relative in nature. And before I begin, for those of you whom just prefer a question and not this sort of dialog, here is my question: How can I assess my current skills as a programmer and decide where and what areas to improve upon? That said, here's what I'm asking/talking about, in essence. The market is always in constant flux. As programmers we're always having to learn new things, update our skills, push ourselves into that next project. There's not a very good litmus test that I know of for us to get an idea of where we stand as programmers. I came across this blog post by Jeff Atwood talking about why can't programmers code. Instinctively (and as the post goes on to state) I rushed through the program in about 4 minutes (most of that time was b/c I was hand writing it out. Still, this doesn't really answer the question of where do my skills need to be to succeed in today's world. I real blogs, listen to podcasts, try to keep up on the latest things coming out. It has only been in the past couple of months that I made a decision to pick a focus area for my learning as I can't learn everything and trying to do so is to spread myself too thin. I chose ASP.NET MVC & C#. I plan to stick with Microsoft technologies, not out of some sense of loyalty or stubbornness, but rather because they seem to stream together and have a unifying connection between them. With Windows Phone 7 coming out, it seems that now is the obvious time to pick up WPF and Silverlight as well. Still, if you asked me to code something apart from intellisense and the internet, I probably couldn't get the syntax right. I don't have libraries memorized or know precisely where the classes I use exist within the .Net framework, namely because I haven't had to pull that knowledge out of the air. In a way, I suppose Visual Studio has insulated me, which isn't a good thing, but, at the same time, I've still been able to be productive. I'm working on my own side project to try and help my learning. In doing so, I'm trying to make use of best practices and 3rd party frameworks where I can. I'm using automapper and EF 1.0. I know everyone in the .net community seems to cry foul at the sound of EF 1.0, but I can't say why because I've never used it. There's no lazy loading and that has proven rather annoying; however, aside from that, I haven't had that much of an issue. Granted this is probably because I'm not writing tests as I go (which I'm not doing because I don't know how to test EF in tests and don't really have a clue how to write tests for ASP.NET MVC 1.0). I'm also using a custom membership provider; granted, it's a barebone implementation, but I'm using it still. My thinking in all of this is, while I am neglecting a great many important technologies that are in the mainstream, I'll have a working project in the end. I can come back and add those things after I finish. Doing it all now and at once seems like too much. I know how I work and I don't think I'd ever get it done that way. I've elected to make this a community wiki as I think this question might fight better there. If a moderator disagrees with that choice or the decision to post this here, the just delete the question. I'm not trying to make undue work for anyone. I'm just a programmer trying to assess my where his skills are now and where I should be improving.

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• RSS feed doesnt display items. Only title

  - by Quaze

  So i just made my first RSS feed, or so i tought, in combination with CI. Now my view DOES display the top of my rss page (Title and Description), But all items are omitted. When i rightclick-view source it DOES contain all the items within the item tags. Can anyone help me? View (rss.php): <?php echo '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="'.$encoding.'"?>'."\n"; ?> <rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:sy="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/" xmlns:admin="http://webns.net/mvcb/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"> <channel> <title><?php echo $feed_name; ?></title> <link><?php echo $feed_url; ?></link> <description><?php echo $page_description; ?></description> <dc:language><?php echo $page_language; ?></dc:language> <dc:creator><?php echo $creator_email; ?></dc:creator> <dc:rights>Copyright <?php echo gmdate("%Y", time()); ?></dc:rights> <dc:date><?php echo gmdate("%Y-%m-&#xdT;%H:%i:%s%Q", time()); ?></dc:date> <admin:generatorAgent rdf:resource="http://www.codeigniter.com/" /> <?php foreach($items as $entry): ?> <?php $entry_url = base_url().$this->lang->lang().$localized_news[$this->lang->lang()].'/'.print_date(strtotime($entry->published), "{year}/{month2}").'/'.$entry->slug; ?> <item> <title><?php echo xml_convert($entry->title); ?></title> <link><?php echo $entry_url; ?></link> <guid><?php echo $entry_url; ?></guid> <description><?php echo $entry->summary; ?></description> <pubDate><?php echo date('r', $entry->published); ?></pubDate> </item> <?php endforeach; ?> </channel> This is what the output looks like: screenshot and in the source, every item needed to be displayed is there. with <item> <link> <description> <guid> and <pubdate> tags. Ive been looking for the cause for about 1.5 hours now. and i cant find anything. Can someone tell me if i did anything wrong? Appreciate the help! ~Menno

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• File Fix-it codegolf (GCJ 2010 1B-A)

  - by KirarinSnow

  Last year (2009), the Google Code Jam featured an interesting problem as the first problem in Round 1B: Decision Tree As the problem seemed tailored for Lisp-like languages, we spontaneously had an exciting codegolf here on SO, in which a few languages managed to solve the problem in fewer characters than any Lisp variety, using quite a number of different techniques. This year's Round 1B Problem A (File Fix-it) also seems tailored for a particular family of languages, Unix shell scripts. So continuing the "1B-A tradition" would be appropriate. :p But which language will end up with the shortest code? Let us codegolf and see! Problem description (adapted from official page): You are given T test cases. Each test case contains N lines that list the full path of all directories currently existing on your computer. For example: /home/awesome /home/awesome/wheeeeeee /home/awesome/wheeeeeee/codegolfrocks /home/thecakeisalie Next, you are given M lines that list the full path of directories you would like to create. They are in the same format as the previous examples. You can create a directory using the mkdir command, but you can only do so if the parent directory already exists. For example, to create the directories /pyonpyon/fumufumu/yeahyeah and /pyonpyon/fumufumu/yeahyeahyeah, you would need to use mkdir four times: mkdir /pyonpyon mkdir /pyonpyon/fumufumu mkdir /pyonpyon/fumufumu/yeahyeah mkdir /pyonpyon/fumufumu/yeahyeahyeah For each test case, return the number of times you have to call mkdir to create all the directories you would like to create. Input Input consists of a text file whose first line contains the integer T, the number of test cases. The rest of the file contains the test cases. Each test case begins with a line containing the integers N and M, separated by a space. The next N lines contain the path of each directory currently existing on your computer (not including the root directory /). This is a concatenation of one or more non-empty lowercase alphanumeric strings, each preceded by a single /. The following M lines contain the path of each directory you would like to create. Output For each case, print one line containing Case #X: Y, where X is the case number and Y is the solution. Limits 1 = T = 100. 0 = N = 100. 1 = M = 100. Each path contains at most 100 characters. Every path appears only once in the list of directories already on your computer, or in the list of desired directories. However, a path may appear on both lists, as in example case #3 below. If a directory is in the list of directories already on your computer, its parent directory will also be listed, with the exception of the root directory /. The input file is at most 100,000 bytes long. Example Larger sample test cases may be downloaded here. Input: 3 0 2 /home/sparkle/pyon /home/sparkle/cakes 1 3 /z /z/y /z/x /y/y 2 1 /moo /moo/wheeeee /moo Output: Case #1: 4 Case #2: 4 Case #3: 0 Code Golf Please post your shortest code in any language that solves this problem. Input and output may be handled via stdin and stdout or by other files of your choice. Please include a disclaimer if your code has the potential to modify or delete existing files when executed. Winner will be the shortest solution (by byte count) in a language with an implementation existing prior to the start of Round 1B 2010.

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• testing dao with hibernate genericdao pattern with spring.Headache

  - by black sensei

  Hello good fellas! in my journey of learning hibernate i came across an article on hibernate site. i' learning spring too and wanted to do certain things to discover the flexibility of spring by letting you implement you own session.yes i don't want to use the hibernateTemplate(for experiment). and i'm now having a problem and even the test class.I followed the article on the hibernate site especially the section an "implementation with hibernate" so we have the generic dao interface : public interface GenericDAO<T, ID extends Serializable> { T findById(ID id, boolean lock); List<T> findAll(); List<T> findByExample(T exampleInstance); T makePersistent(T entity); void makeTransient(T entity); } it's implementation in an abstract class that is the same as the one on the web site.Please refer to it from the link i provide.i'll like to save this post to be too long now come my dao's messagedao interface package com.project.core.dao; import com.project.core.model.MessageDetails; import java.util.List; public interface MessageDAO extends GenericDAO<MessageDetails, Long>{ //Message class is on of my pojo public List<Message> GetAllByStatus(String status); } its implementation is messagedaoimpl: public class MessageDAOImpl extends GenericDAOImpl <Message, Long> implements MessageDAO { // mySContainer is an interface which my HibernateUtils implement mySContainer sessionManager; /** * */ public MessageDAOImpl(){} /** * * @param sessionManager */ public MessageDAOImpl(HibernateUtils sessionManager){ this.sessionManager = sessionManager; } //........ plus other methods } here is my HibernatUtils public class HibernateUtils implements SessionContainer { private final SessionFactory sessionFactory; private Session session; public HibernateUtils() { this.sessionFactory = new AnnotationConfiguration().configure().buildSessionFactory(); } public HibernateUtils(SessionFactory sessionFactory) { this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory; } /** * * this is the function that return a session.So i'm free to implements any type of session in here. */ public Session requestSession() { // if (session != null || session.isOpen()) { // return session; // } else { session = sessionFactory.openSession(); // } return session; } } So in my understanding while using spring(will provide the conf), i'ld wire sessionFactory to my HiberbernateUtils and then wire its method RequestSession to the Session Property of the GenericDAOImpl (the one from the link provided). here is my spring config core.xml <bean id="sessionManager" class="com.project.core.dao.hibernate.HibernateUtils"> <constructor-arg ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <bean id="messageDao" class="com.project.core.dao.hibernate.MessageDAOImpl"> <constructor-arg ref="sessionManager"/> </bean> <bean id="genericDAOimpl" class="com.project.core.dao.GenericDAO"> <property name="session" ref="mySession"/> </bean> <bean id="mySession" factory-bean="com.project.core.dao.SessionContainer" factory-method="requestSession"/> now my test is this public class MessageDetailsDAOImplTest extends AbstractDependencyInjectionSpringContextTests{ HibernateUtils sessionManager = (HibernateUtils) applicationContext.getBean("sessionManager"); MessageDAO messagedao =(MessageDAO) applicationContext.getBean("messageDao"); static Message[] message = new Message[] { new Message("text",1,"test for dummies 1","1234567890","Pending",new Date()), new Message("text",2,"test for dummies 2","334455669990","Delivered",new Date()) }; public MessageDAOImplTest() { } @Override protected String[] getConfigLocations(){ return new String[]{"file:src/main/resources/core.xml"}; } @Test public void testMakePersistent() { System.out.println("MakePersistent"); messagedao.makePersistent(message[0]); Session session = sessionManager.RequestSession(); session.beginTransaction(); MessageDetails fromdb = ( Message) session.load(Message.class, message[0].getMessageId()); assertEquals(fromdb.getMessageId(), message[0].getMessageId()); assertEquals(fromdb.getDateSent(),message.getDateSent()); assertEquals(fromdb.getGlobalStatus(),message.getGlobalStatus()); assertEquals(fromdb.getNumberOfPages(),message.getNumberOfPages()); } i'm having this error exception in constructor testMakePersistent(java.lang.NullPointerException at com.project.core.dao.hibernate.MessageDAOImplTest) with this stack : at com.project.core.dao.hibernate.MessageDAOImplTest.(MessageDAOImplTest.java:28) at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27) at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513) at junit.framework.TestSuite.createTest(TestSuite.java:61) at junit.framework.TestSuite.addTestMethod(TestSuite.java:283) at junit.framework.TestSuite.(TestSuite.java:146) at org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.optional.junit.JUnitTestRunner.run(JUnitTestRunner.java:481) at org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.optional.junit.JUnitTestRunner.launch(JUnitTestRunner.java:1031) at org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.optional.junit.JUnitTestRunner.main(JUnitTestRunner.java:888) )) How to actually make this one work.I know this is a lot to stuffs and i'm thanking you for reading it.Please give me a solution.How would you do this? thanks

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• XML Parsing Error: junk after document element

  - by Jake

  I am using the following script to generate a RSS feed for my site: <?php class RSS { public function RSS() { $root = $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']; require_once ("../connect.php"); } public function GetFeed() { return $this->getDetails() . $this->getItems(); } private function dbConnect() { DEFINE ('LINK', mysql_connect (DB_HOST, DB_USER, DB_PASSWORD)); } private function getDetails() { $detailsTable = "rss_feed_details"; $this->dbConnect($detailsTable); $query = "SELECT * FROM ". $detailsTable ." WHERE feed_category = ''"; $result = mysql_db_query (DB_NAME, $query, LINK); while($row = mysql_fetch_array($result)) { $details = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?> <rss version="2.0"> <channel> <title>'. $row['title'] .'</title> <link>'. $row['link'] .'</link> <description>'. $row['description'] .'</description> <language>'. $row['language'] .'</language> <image> <title>'. $row['image_title'] .'</title> <url>'. $row['image_url'] .'</url> <link>'. $row['image_link'] .'</link> <width>'. $row['image_width'] .'</width> <height>'. $row['image_height'] .'</height> </image>'; } return $details; } private function getItems() { $itemsTable = "rss_posts"; $this->dbConnect($itemsTable); $query = "SELECT * FROM ". $itemsTable ." ORDER BY id DESC"; $result = mysql_db_query (DB_NAME, $query, LINK); $items = ''; while($row = mysql_fetch_array($result)) { $items .= '<item> <title>'. $row["title"] .'</title> <link>'. $row["link"] .'</link> <description><![CDATA['.$row["readable_date"]."<br /><br />".$row["description"]."<br /><br />".']]></description> </item>'; } $items .= '</channel> </rss>'; return $items; } } ?> The baffling thing is, the script works perfectly fine on my localhost but gives the following error on my remote server: XML Parsing Error: junk after document element Location: http://mysite.com/rss/main/ Line Number 2, Column 1:<b>Parse error</b>: syntax error, unexpected T_STRING in <b>/home/studentw/public_html/rss/global-reach/rssClass.php</b> on line <b>1</b><br /> ^ Can someone please tell me what's wrong?

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• Shorter Rails routes

  - by Puru puru rin..

  Hello, I have a thing blog application, and I would like to shorten my routes. Here there are: Blog::Application.routes.draw do resources :categories do resources :articles do resources :comments end end A rake routes command build the following lines: GET /categories/:category_id/articles/:article_id/comments(.:format) {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"index"} category_article_comments POST /categories/:category_id/articles/:article_id/comments(.:format) {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"create"} new_category_article_comment GET /categories/:category_id/articles/:article_id/comments/new(.:format) {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"new"} GET /categories/:category_id/articles/:article_id/comments/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"show"} PUT /categories/:category_id/articles/:article_id/comments/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"update"} category_article_comment DELETE /categories/:category_id/articles/:article_id/comments/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"destroy"} edit_category_article_comment GET /categories/:category_id/articles/:article_id/comments/:id/edit(.:format) {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"edit"} GET /categories/:category_id/articles(.:format) {:controller=>"articles", :action=>"index"} category_articles POST /categories/:category_id/articles(.:format) {:controller=>"articles", :action=>"create"} new_category_article GET /categories/:category_id/articles/new(.:format) {:controller=>"articles", :action=>"new"} GET /categories/:category_id/articles/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"articles", :action=>"show"} PUT /categories/:category_id/articles/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"articles", :action=>"update"} category_article DELETE /categories/:category_id/articles/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"articles", :action=>"destroy"} edit_category_article GET /categories/:category_id/articles/:id/edit(.:format) {:controller=>"articles", :action=>"edit"} GET /categories(.:format) {:controller=>"categories", :action=>"index"} categories POST /categories(.:format) {:controller=>"categories", :action=>"create"} new_category GET /categories/new(.:format) {:controller=>"categories", :action=>"new"} GET /categories/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"categories", :action=>"show"} PUT /categories/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"categories", :action=>"update"} category DELETE /categories/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"categories", :action=>"destroy"} edit_category GET /categories/:id/edit(.:format) {:controller=>"categories", :action=>"edit"} As can be seen, each resource is ordered in a tree. So I believe that, it's could be interesting to simplify my routes such as for example: /categories/ => / /categories/:id => /:id /categories/:category_id/articles/ => /:category_id/articles /categories/:category_id/articles/:id => /:category_id/:id /categories/:category_id/articles/:article_id/comments/ => /:category_id/:article_id/comments /categories/:category_id/articles/:article_id/comments/:id => /:category_id/:article_id/:id It's more DRY, is't it? :) Does Rails 3 provides a easy way to do so, with an HTTP verbs mapping to controller actions automatically? Thanks anyone.

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• Running 32 bit assembly code on a 64 bit Linux & 64 bit Processor : Expalin the anomaly.

  - by claws

  Hello, I'm in an interesting problem.I forgot I'm using 64bit machine & OS and wrote a 32 bit assembly code. I don't know how to write 64 bit code. This is the x86 32-bit assembly code for Gnu Assembler (AT&T syntax) on Linux. #include <asm/unistd.h> #include <syscall.h> #define STDOUT 1 .data hellostr: .ascii "hello wolrd\n"; helloend: .text .globl _start _start: movl $(SYS_write) , %eax //ssize_t write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count); movl $(STDOUT) , %ebx movl $hellostr , %ecx movl $(helloend-hellostr) , %edx int $0x80 movl $(SYS_exit), %eax //void _exit(int status); xorl %ebx, %ebx int $0x80 ret Now, This code should run fine on a 32bit processor & 32 bit OS right? As we know 64 bit processors are backward compatible with 32 bit processors. So, that also wouldn't be a problem. The problem arises because of differences in system calls & call mechanism in 64-bit OS & 32-bit OS. I don't know why but they changed the system call numbers between 32-bit linux & 64-bit linux. asm/unistd_32.h defines: #define __NR_write 4 #define __NR_exit 1 asm/unistd_64.h defines: #define __NR_write 1 #define __NR_exit 60 Anyway using Macros instead of direct numbers is paid off. Its ensuring correct system call numbers. when I assemble & link & run the program. Its not printing helloworld. In gdb its showing: Program exited with code 01. I don't know how to debug in gdb. using tutorial I tried to debug it and execute instruction by instruction checking registers at each step. its always showing me "program exited with 01". It would be great if some on could show me how to debug this. (gdb) break _start Note: breakpoint -10 also set at pc 0x4000b0. Breakpoint 8 at 0x4000b0 (gdb) start Function "main" not defined. Make breakpoint pending on future shared library load? (y or [n]) y Temporary breakpoint 9 (main) pending. Starting program: /home/claws/helloworld Program exited with code 01. (gdb) info breakpoints Num Type Disp Enb Address What 8 breakpoint keep y 0x00000000004000b0 <_start> 9 breakpoint del y <PENDING> main I tried running strace. This is its output: execve("./helloworld", ["./helloworld"], [/* 39 vars */]) = 0 write(0, NULL, 12 <unfinished ... exit status 1> Explain the parameters of write(0, NULL, 12) system call in the output of strace? What exactly is happening? I want to know the reason why exactly its exiting with exitstatus=1? Can some one please show me how to debug this program using gdb? Why did they change the system call numbers? Change this program appropriately so that it can run correctly on this machine.

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• Disable antialiasing for a specific GDI device context

  - by Jacob Stanley

  I'm using a third party library to render an image to a GDI DC and I need to ensure that any text is rendered without any smoothing/antialiasing so that I can convert the image to a predefined palette with indexed colors. The third party library i'm using for rendering doesn't support this and just renders text as per the current windows settings for font rendering. They've also said that it's unlikely they'll add the ability to switch anti-aliasing off any time soon. The best work around I've found so far is to call the third party library in this way (error handling and prior settings checks ommitted for brevity): private static void SetFontSmoothing(bool enabled) { int pv = 0; SystemParametersInfo(Spi.SetFontSmoothing, enabled ? 1 : 0, ref pv, Spif.None); } // snip Graphics graphics = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap) IntPtr deviceContext = graphics.GetHdc(); SetFontSmoothing(false); thirdPartyComponent.Render(deviceContext); SetFontSmoothing(true); This obviously has a horrible effect on the operating system, other applications flicker from cleartype enabled to disabled and back every time I render the image. So the question is, does anyone know how I can alter the font rendering settings for a specific DC? Even if I could just make the changes process or thread specific instead of affecting the whole operating system, that would be a big step forward! (That would give me the option of farming this rendering out to a separate process- the results are written to disk after rendering anyway) EDIT: I'd like to add that I don't mind if the solution is more complex than just a few API calls. I'd even be happy with a solution that involved hooking system dlls if it was only about a days work. EDIT: Background Information The third-party library renders using a palette of about 70 colors. After the image (which is actually a map tile) is rendered to the DC, I convert each pixel from it's 32-bit color back to it's palette index and store the result as an 8bpp greyscale image. This is uploaded to the video card as a texture. During rendering, I re-apply the palette (also stored as a texture) with a pixel shader executing on the video card. This allows me to switch and fade between different palettes instantaneously instead of needing to regenerate all the required tiles. It takes between 10-60 seconds to generate and upload all the tiles for a typical view of the world. EDIT: Renamed GraphicsDevice to Graphics The class GraphicsDevice in the previous version of this question is actually System.Drawing.Graphics. I had renamed it (using GraphicsDevice = ...) because the code in question is in the namespace MyCompany.Graphics and the compiler wasn't able resolve it properly. EDIT: Success! I even managed to port the PatchIat function below to C# with the help of Marshal.GetFunctionPointerForDelegate. The .NET interop team really did a fantastic job! I'm now using the following syntax, where Patch is an extension method on System.Diagnostics.ProcessModule: module.Patch( "Gdi32.dll", "CreateFontIndirectA", (CreateFontIndirectA original) => font => { font->lfQuality = NONANTIALIASED_QUALITY; return original(font); }); private unsafe delegate IntPtr CreateFontIndirectA(LOGFONTA* lplf); private const int NONANTIALIASED_QUALITY = 3; [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] private struct LOGFONTA { public int lfHeight; public int lfWidth; public int lfEscapement; public int lfOrientation; public int lfWeight; public byte lfItalic; public byte lfUnderline; public byte lfStrikeOut; public byte lfCharSet; public byte lfOutPrecision; public byte lfClipPrecision; public byte lfQuality; public byte lfPitchAndFamily; public unsafe fixed sbyte lfFaceName [32]; }

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• XPath expression with condition on multiple ancestors

  - by Rest Wing

  The application I am developing receives an XML structure similar to following: <Root> <Valid> <Child name="Child1" /> <Container> <Child name="Child2" /> </Container> <Container> <Container> <Child name="Child3"/> <Child name="Child4"/> </Container> </Container> <Wrapper> <Child name="Child5" /> </Wrapper> <Wrapper> <Container> <Child name="Child19" /> </Container> </Wrapper> <Container> <Wrapper> <Child name="Child6" /> </Wrapper> </Container> <Container> <Wrapper> <Container> <Child name="Child20" /> </Container> </Wrapper> </Container> </Valid> <Invalid> <Child name="Child7" /> <Container> <Child name="Child8" /> </Container> <Container> <Container> <Child name="Child9"/> <Child name="Child10"/> </Container> </Container> <Wrapper> <Child name="Child11" /> </Wrapper> <Container> <Wrapper> <Child name="Child12" /> </Wrapper> </Container> </Invalid> </Root> I need to get a list of of Child elements under following conditions: Child is n generation descendant of Valid ancestor. Child may be m generation descendant of Container ancestor which is o generation descendant of Valid ancestor. Valid ancestors for Child element are Container elements as m generation ancestors and Valid element as first generation ancestor. where m, n, o are natural numbers. I need to write following XPath expressions Valid/Child Valid/Container/Child Valid/Container/Container/Child Valid/Container/Container/Container/Child ... as a single XPath expression. For provided example, the XPath expression would return only Child elements having name attribute equal to Child1, Child2, Child3 and Child4. The closest I have come to solution is following expression. Valid/Child | Valid//*[self::Container]/Child However, this would select Child element with name attribute equal to Child19 and Child20. Does XPath syntax supports either optional occurrence of an element or setting condition similar to self in previous example to all ancestors between Child and Valid elements?

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• sending a $_SESSION array to my class and attempting to get the value fro it in a for loop .php

  - by eoin

  i have a class which in which iam using a method to get information from a session array via a for loop the 2 for loops in each method are used 1.to count total amount of items , and 2. to add up the total price but neither seem to be returning anything. im using the total amount to check it against the mc_gross posted value from an IPN and if the values are equal i plan to commit the sale to a database as it has been verified. for the method where im looking to get the total price im getting 0.00 returned to me. i think ive got the syntax wrong here somehow here is my class for purchase the two methods iam having trouble with are the gettotalcost() and gettotalitems() shown below is my class. <?php class purchase { private $itemnames; // from session array private $amountofitems; // from session array private $itemcost; //session array private $saleid; //posted transaction id value to be used in sale and sale item tables private $orderdate; //get current date time to be entered as datetime in sale table private $lastname; //posted from ipn private $firstname; //posted from ipn private $emailadd; //uses sessionarray value public function __construct($saleid,$firstname,$lastname) { $this->itemnames = $_SESSION['itemnames']; $this->amountofitems =$_SESSION['quantity']; $this->itemcost =$_SESSION['price']; $this->saleid = $saleid; $this->firstname = $firstname; $this->lastname = $lastname; $this->emailadd = $SESSION['username']; mail($myemail, "session vardump ", echo var_dump($_SESSION), "From: [email protected]" ); mail($myemail, "session vardump ",count($_SESSION['itemnames']) , "From: [email protected]" ); } public function commit() { $databaseinst = database::getinstance(); $databaseinst->connect(); $numrows = $databaseinst->querydb($query); //to be completed } public function gettotalitems() { $numitems; $i; for($i=0; $i < count($this->amountofitems);$i++) { $numitems += (int) $this->amountofitems[$i]; } return $numitems; } public function gettotalcost() { $totalcost; $i; for($i=0; $i < count($this->amountofitems);$i++) { $numitems = (int) $this->amountofitems[$i]; $costofitem =doubleval($this->itemcost [$i]); $totalcost += $numitems * $costofitem; } return $totalcost; } } ?> and here is where i create an instance of the class and attempt to use it. include("purchase.php"); $purchase = new purchase($_POST['txn_id'],$_POST['first_name'],$_POST['last_name']); $fullamount = $purchase->gettotalcost(); $fullAmount = number_format($fullAmount, 2); $grossAmount = $_POST['mc_gross']; if ($fullAmount != $grossAmount) { $message = "Possible Price Jack attempt! the amount the customer payed is : " . $grossAmount . " which is not equal to the full amount. the price of the products combined is " . $fullAmount. " the transaction number for which is " . $_POST['txn_id'] . "\n\n\n$req"; mail("XXXXXXXXXXXX", "Price Jack attempt ", $message, "From: [email protected]" ); exit(); // exit } thanks for the help in advance! ive also added these lines to my constructor. the mail returns that there is nothing in the vardump uh oh! mail($myemailaddress, "session vardump ", var_dump($_SESSION), "From: [email protected]" ); also added session_start(); at the top of the constructor and it dont work! help

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• Am I crazy? (How) should I create a jQuery content editor?

  - by Brendon Muir

  Ok, so I created a CMS mainly aimed at Primary Schools. It's getting fairly popular in New Zealand but the one thing I hate with a passion is the largely bad quality of in browser WYSIWYG editors. I've been using KTML (made by InterAKT which was purchased by Adobe a few years ago). In my opinion this editor does a lot of great things (image editing/management, thumbnailing and pretty good content editing). Unfortunately time has had its nasty way with this product and new browsers are beginning to break features and generally degrade the performance of this tool. It's also quite scary basing my livelihood on a defunct product! I've been hunting, in fact I regularly hunt around to see if anything has changed in the WYSIWYG arena. The closest thing I've seen that excites me is the WYSIHAT framework, but they've decided to ignore a pretty relevant editing paradigm which I'm going to outline below. This is the idea for my proposed editor, and I don't know of any existing products that can do this properly: Right, so the traditional model for editing let's say a Page in a CMS is to log into a 'back end' and click edit on the page. This will then load another screen with the editor in it and perhaps a few other fields. More advanced CMS's will maybe have several editing boxes that are for different portions of the page. Anyway, the big problem with this way of doing things is that the user is editing a document outside of the final context it will appear in. In the simplest terms, this means the page template. Many things can be wrong, e.g. the with of the editing area might be different to the width of the actual template area. The height is nearly always fixed because existing editors always seem to use IFRAMES for backward compatibility. And there are plenty of other beefs which I'm sure you're quite aware of if you're in this development area. Here's my editor utopia: You click 'Edit Page': The actual page (with its actual template) displays. Portions of the page have been marked as editable via a class name. You click on one of these areas (in my case it'd just be the big 'body' area in the middle of the template) and a editing bar drops down from the top of the screen with all your standard controls (bold, italic, insert image etc...). Iframes are never used, instead we rely on setting contentEditable to true on the DIV's in question. Firefox 2 and IE6 can go away, let's move on. You can edit the page knowing exactly how it will look when you save it. Because all the styles for this template are loaded, your headings will look correct, everything will be just dandy. Is this such a radical concept? Why are we still content with TinyMCE and that other editor that is too embarrassing to use because it sounds like a swear word!? Let's face the facts: I'm a JavaScript novice. I did once play around in this area using the Javascript Anthology from SitePoint as a guide. It was quite a cool learning experience, but they of course used the IFRAME to make their lives easier. I tried to go a different route and just use contentEditable and even tried to sidestep the native content editing routines (execCommand) and instead wrote my own. They kind of worked but there were always issues. Now we have jQuery, and a few libraries that abstract things like IE's lack of Range support. I'm wondering, am I crazy, or is it actually a good idea to try and build an editor around this editing paradigm using jQuery and relevant plugins to make the job easier? My actual questions: Where would you start? What plugins do you know of that would help the most? Is it worth it, or is there a magical project that already exists that I should join in on? What are the biggest hurdles to overcome in a project like this? Am I crazy? I hope this question has been posted on the right board. I figured it is a technical question as I'm wanting to know specific hurdles and pitfalls to watch out for and also if it is technically feasible with todays technology. Looking forward to hearing peoples thoughts and opinions.

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• MVVM - implementing 'IsDirty' functionality to a ModelView in order to save data

  - by Brendan

  Hi, Being new to WPF & MVVM I struggling with some basic functionality. Let me first explain what I am after, and then attach some example code... I have a screen showing a list of users, and I display the details of the selected user on the right-hand side with editable textboxes. I then have a Save button which is DataBound, but I would only like this button to display when data has actually changed. ie - I need to check for "dirty data". I have a fully MVVM example in which I have a Model called User: namespace Test.Model { class User { public string UserName { get; set; } public string Surname { get; set; } public string Firstname { get; set; } } } Then, the ViewModel looks like this: using System.Collections.ObjectModel; using System.Collections.Specialized; using System.Windows.Input; using Test.Model; namespace Test.ViewModel { class UserViewModel : ViewModelBase { //Private variables private ObservableCollection<User> _users; RelayCommand _userSave; //Properties public ObservableCollection<User> User { get { if (_users == null) { _users = new ObservableCollection<User>(); //I assume I need this Handler, but I am stuggling to implement it successfully //_users.CollectionChanged += HandleChange; //Populate with users _users.Add(new User {UserName = "Bob", Firstname="Bob", Surname="Smith"}); _users.Add(new User {UserName = "Smob", Firstname="John", Surname="Davy"}); } return _users; } } //Not sure what to do with this?!?! //private void HandleChange(object sender, NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs e) //{ // if (e.Action == NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Remove) // { // foreach (TestViewModel item in e.NewItems) // { // //Removed items // } // } // else if (e.Action == NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Add) // { // foreach (TestViewModel item in e.NewItems) // { // //Added items // } // } //} //Commands public ICommand UserSave { get { if (_userSave == null) { _userSave = new RelayCommand(param => this.UserSaveExecute(), param => this.UserSaveCanExecute); } return _userSave; } } void UserSaveExecute() { //Here I will call my DataAccess to actually save the data } bool UserSaveCanExecute { get { //This is where I would like to know whether the currently selected item has been edited and is thus "dirty" return false; } } //constructor public UserViewModel() { } } } The "RelayCommand" is just a simple wrapper class, as is the "ViewModelBase". (I'll attach the latter though just for clarity) using System; using System.ComponentModel; namespace Test.ViewModel { public abstract class ViewModelBase : INotifyPropertyChanged, IDisposable { protected ViewModelBase() { } public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName) { PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = this.PropertyChanged; if (handler != null) { var e = new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName); handler(this, e); } } public void Dispose() { this.OnDispose(); } protected virtual void OnDispose() { } } } Finally - the XAML <Window x:Class="Test.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:vm="clr-namespace:Test.ViewModel" Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525"> <Window.DataContext> <vm:UserViewModel/> </Window.DataContext> <Grid> <ListBox Height="238" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="12,12,0,0" Name="listBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="197" ItemsSource="{Binding Path=User}" IsSynchronizedWithCurrentItem="True"> <ListBox.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate> <StackPanel> <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Firstname}"/> <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Surname}"/> </StackPanel> </DataTemplate> </ListBox.ItemTemplate> </ListBox> <Label Content="Username" Height="28" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="232,16,0,0" Name="label1" VerticalAlignment="Top" /> <TextBox Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="323,21,0,0" Name="textBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="120" Text="{Binding Path=User/UserName}" /> <Label Content="Surname" Height="28" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="232,50,0,0" Name="label2" VerticalAlignment="Top" /> <TextBox Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="323,52,0,0" Name="textBox2" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="120" Text="{Binding Path=User/Surname}" /> <Label Content="Firstname" Height="28" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="232,84,0,0" Name="label3" VerticalAlignment="Top" /> <TextBox Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="323,86,0,0" Name="textBox3" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="120" Text="{Binding Path=User/Firstname}" /> <Button Content="Button" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="368,159,0,0" Name="button1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Command="{Binding Path=UserSave}" /> </Grid> </Window> So basically, when I edit a surname, the Save button should be enabled; and if I undo my edit - well then it should be Disabled again as nothing has changed. I have seen this in many examples, but have not yet found out how to do it. Any help would be much appreciated! Brendan

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• Minimum-Waste Print Job Grouping Algorithm?

  - by Matt Mc

  I work at a publishing house and I am setting up one of our presses for "ganging", in other words, printing multiple jobs simultaneously. Given that different print jobs can have different quantities, and anywhere from 1 to 20 jobs might need to be considered at a time, the problem would be to determine which jobs to group together to minimize waste (waste coming from over-printing on smaller-quantity jobs in a given set, that is). Given the following stable data: All jobs are equal in terms of spatial size--placement on paper doesn't come into consideration. There are three "lanes", meaning that three jobs can be printed simultaneously. Ideally, each lane has one job. Part of the problem is minimizing how many lanes each job is run on. If necessary, one job could be run on two lanes, with a second job on the third lane. The "grouping" waste from a given set of jobs (let's say the quantities of them are x, y and z) would be the highest number minus the two lower numbers. So if x is the higher number, the grouping waste would be (x - y) + (x - z). Otherwise stated, waste is produced by printing job Y and Z (in excess of their quantities) up to the quantity of X. The grouping waste would be a qualifier for the given set, meaning it could not exceed a certain quantity or the job would simply be printed alone. So the question is stated: how to determine which sets of jobs are grouped together, out of any given number of jobs, based on the qualifiers of 1) Three similar quantities OR 2) Two quantities where one is approximately double the other, AND with the aim of minimal total grouping waste across the various sets. (Edit) Quantity Information: Typical job quantities can be from 150 to 350 on foreign languages, or 500 to 1000 on English print runs. This data can be used to set up some scenarios for an algorithm. For example, let's say you had 5 jobs: 1000, 500, 500, 450, 250 By looking at it, I can see a couple of answers. Obviously (1000/500/500) is not efficient as you'll have a grouping waste of 1000. (500/500/450) is better as you'll have a waste of 50, but then you run (1000) and (250) alone. But you could also run (1000/500) with 1000 on two lanes, (500/250) with 500 on two lanes and then (450) alone. In terms of trade-offs for lane minimization vs. wastage, we could say that any grouping waste over 200 is excessive. (End Edit) ...Needless to say, quite a problem. (For me.) I am a moderately skilled programmer but I do not have much familiarity with algorithms and I am not fully studied in the mathematics of the area. I'm I/P writing a sort of brute-force program that simply tries all options, neglecting any option tree that seems to have excessive grouping waste. However, I can't help but hope there's an easier and more efficient method. I've looked at various websites trying to find out more about algorithms in general and have been slogging my way through the symbology, but it's slow going. Unfortunately, Wikipedia's articles on the subject are very cross-dependent and it's difficult to find an "in". The only thing I've been able to really find would seem to be a definition of the rough type of algorithm I need: "Exclusive Distance Clustering", one-dimensionally speaking. I did look at what seems to be the popularly referred-to algorithm on this site, the Bin Packing one, but I was unable to see exactly how it would work with my problem. Any help is appreciated. :)

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