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  • Why can't I pass self as a named argument to an instance method in Python?

    - by Joseph Garvin
    This works: >>> def bar(x, y): ... print x, y ... >>> bar(y=3, x=1) 1 3 And this works: >>> class foo(object): ... def bar(self, x, y): ... print x, y ... >>> z = foo() >>> z.bar(y=3, x=1) 1 3 And even this works: >>> foo.bar(z, y=3, x=1) 1 3 But why doesn't this work? >>> foo.bar(self=z, y=3, x=1) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> TypeError: unbound method bar() must be called with foo instance as first argument (got nothing instead) This makes metaprogramming more difficult, because it requires special case handling. I'm curious if it's somehow necessary by Python's semantics or just an artifact of implementation.

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  • [PHP] using the magic __set() method with 2D arrays

    - by Spoonface
    If I have the following registry class: Class registry { private $_vars; public function __construct() { $this->_vars = array(); } public function __set($key, $val) { $this->_vars[$key] = $val; } public function __get($key) { if (isset($this->_vars[$key])) return $this->_vars[$key]; } public function printAll() { print "<pre>".print_r($this->_vars,true)."</pre>"; } } $reg = new registry(); $reg->arr = array(1,2,3); $reg->arr = array_merge($reg->arr,array(4)); $reg->printAll(); Would there be an easier way to push a new item onto the 'arr' array? This code: 'array[] = item' doesn't work with the magic set method, and I couldn't find any useful info with google. Thanks for your time!

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  • How do i generate a random integer between min and max in java?

    - by David
    What method returns a random int between a min and max? Or does no such method exist? what i'm looking for is something like this: NAMEOFMETHOD (min, max) (where min and max are ints) that returns soemthing like this: 8 (randomly) if such a method does exist could you please link to the relevant documentation with your answer. thanks.

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  • Static method not called

    - by Smile
    I'm trying to call a static method (printABC()) in this class but it's not working. If I uncomment both of the lines marked T_T (1 and 2), it works! Why does it fail with only one of the lines? import java.util.Scanner; class pro0009 { static Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); static int A,B,C; static void printABC(){ String ABC = in.nextLine(); ABC=ABC.replace("A"," "+A+" "); ABC=ABC.replace("B"," "+B+" "); ABC=ABC.replace("C"," "+C+" "); //System.out.print(ABC.substring(1)); System.out.print(ABC); } public static void main(String[] args){ int x = in.nextInt(); //1 int y = in.nextInt(); //2 int z = in.nextInt(); //3 if(x<y){//1<2 if(x<z){ //1<3 if(y<z){//x<y<z 2<3 //1<2<3 A=x; B=y; C=z; printABC();//T_T 1 System.out.println("Here"); //pro0009.printABC();//T_T 2 //System.out.println("Here2"); }else{ //x<z<y A=x; B=z; C=y; } }else{//z<x<y A=z; B=x; C=y; } }else{//y<x if(y<z){ if(x<z){//y<x<z A=y; B=x; C=z; }else{//y<z<x A=y; B=z; C=x; } }else{//z<y<x A=z; B=y; C=x; } } } }

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  • Possible to write an Extension Method for ASP.NET's Html.ActionLink() method?

    - by Pretzel
    Right now, I'm trying to work around an IE6/7 bug which requires the wrapping of the </a closing tag with this IE specific comment to make some drop-down menu work: <!--[if IE 7]><!--></a><!--<![endif]--> Unfortunately, I cannot inject this directly into my View page code like this: <%= Html.ActionLink("LinkName<!--[if IE 7]><!--></a><!--<![endif]-->","Action","Controller") %> As Html.ActionLink will do the safe thing and filter out the comment to prevent a Javascript injection attack. Ok, cool. I'm fine with that. Good design decision. What I'd like to do is write an Extension Method to this, but the process is eluding me as I haven't done this before. I thought this would work, but Intellisense doesn't seem to be picking up this Extension method that I've written. public static class MyLinkExtensions { public static string ActionLinkIE(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, string linkText, string actionName, string controllerName) { return LinkExtensions.ActionLink(htmlHelper, linkText, actionName, controllerName). Replace(@"</a>", @"<!--[if IE 7]><!--></a><!--<![endif]-->"); } } Any suggestions?

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  • Java method help

    - by dalton conley
    Ok, so I'm working on a project for a class I'm taking.. simple music library. Now I'm having some issues, the main issue is I'm getting "non-static method cannot be referenced from a static context" Here is a function I have public void addSong() { Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in); Song temp = new Song(); int index = countFileLines(Main.databaseFile); index = index + 2; temp.index = index; System.out.print("Enter the artist name: "); temp.artist.append(scan.next()); } Now thats in a class file called LibraryFunctions. So I can access it with LibraryFunctions.addSong(); Now I'm trying to run this in my main java file and its giving me the error, I know why the error is happening, but what do I do about it? If I make addSong() a static function then it throws errors at me with the Song temp = new Song() being static. Kind of ironic. Much help is appreciated on this!

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  • incremental way of counting quantiles for large set of data

    - by Gacek
    I need to count the quantiles for a large set of data. Let's assume we can get the data only through some portions (i.e. one row of a large matrix). To count the Q3 quantile one need to get all the portions of the data and store it somewhere, then sort it and count the quantile: List<double> allData = new List<double>(); foreach(var row in matrix) // this is only example. In fact the portions of data are not rows of some matrix { allData.AddRange(row); } allData.Sort(); double p = 0.75*allData.Count; int idQ3 = (int)Math.Ceiling(p) - 1; double Q3 = allData[idQ3]; Now, I would like to find a way of counting this without storing the data in some separate variable. The best solution would be to count some parameters od mid-results for first row and then adjust it step by step for next rows. Note: These datasets are really big (ca 5000 elements in each row) The Q3 can be estimated, it doesn't have to be an exact value. I call the portions of data "rows", but they can have different leghts! Usually it varies not so much (+/- few hundred samples) but it varies! This question is similar to this one: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1058813/on-line-iterator-algorithms-for-estimating-statistical-median-mode-skewness But I need to count quantiles. ALso there are few articles in this topic, i.e.: http://web.cs.wpi.edu/~hofri/medsel.pdf http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=347195&dl But before I would try to implement these, I wanted to ask you if there are maybe any other, qucker ways of counting the 0.25/0.75 quantiles?

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  • An analog of String.Join(string, string[]) for List<T> or other generic enumerable

    - by abatishchev
    class String contains very useful method - String.Join(string, string[]). It creates a string from an array, separating each element of array with a symbol given. But general - it doesn't add a separator after the last element! I uses it for ASP.NET coding for separating with "<br />" or Environment.NewLine. So I want to add an empty row after each row in asp:Table. What method of IEnumerable<TableRow> can I use for the same functionality?

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  • Why is my program freezing when I use a method? (Java)

    - by user2915567
    When I use a boolean method in the Main body, my program freezes and stops working. I've tried putting the method at different places but the exact same thing happens - it freezes. The method is really simple and well-written, I'm not sure what's causing the problem. P.S. The method is on the bottom of the code. Thanks for your help! Edit: That was a dumb question now that I look at it. Thanks again everyone! public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in); int stringNumber = 0; String[] stringArray = new String[10]; for (int i = 0; i <= stringArray.length; i++) { boolean itemExists = false; boolean AddItem = AddItem(); if (AddItem == true) { out.println("\nEnter a string"); String input = keyboard.next(); if (i > 0) { for (int j = 0; j < stringArray.length; j++) { if (input.equalsIgnoreCase(stringArray[j])) { itemExists = true; out.println("Item \"" + input + "\" already exists."); break; } } } if (itemExists == false) { stringArray[stringNumber] = input; out.println("\"" + stringArray[stringNumber] + "\"" + " has been stored.\n"); } else { out.println("Try again."); i--; } PrintArray(stringArray); stringNumber++; } } } // This is the method I was talking about // public static boolean AddItem() { Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in); int input = keyboard.nextInt(); out.println("If you want to add an item, Press 1"); if (input == 1) { return true; } else { out.println("Invalid input."); return false; } }

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  • Problem using a method in Ruby

    - by Rafal
    I'm very new to Ruby (and OOP as well) and I don't know why the following thing doesn't work in Ruby I extended the String class with a new method. Easy enough. Now I want to extend the Fixnum class. A String object appears somewhere in the class, but I can't use the method that I defined earlier. Why? Is this normal?

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  • Error : Implementation for method missing (Delphi Prism)

    - by Ilya
    I wrote my method: LangChange type MainForm = partial class(System.Windows.Forms.Form) private ... method LangChange(); protected method Dispose(disposing: Boolean); override; public constructor; end; implementation ... method LangChange(); begin ... end; However,I have an error Error 1 (PE33) Implementation for method "Compiler.MainForm.LangChange" missing What is wrong?Help please!

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  • What is the easiest way to get the property value from a passed lambda expression in an extension me

    - by Andrew Siemer
    I am writing a dirty little extension method for HtmlHelper so that I can say something like HtmlHelper.WysiwygFor(lambda) and display the CKEditor. I have this working currently but it seems a bit more cumbersome than I would prefer. I am hoping that there is a more straight forward way of doing this. Here is what I have so far. public static MvcHtmlString WysiwygFor<TModel, TProperty>(this HtmlHelper<TModel> helper, Expression<Func<TModel, TProperty>> expression) { return MvcHtmlString.Create(string.Concat("<textarea class=\"ckeditor\" cols=\"80\" id=\"", expression.MemberName(), "\" name=\"editor1\" rows=\"10\">", GetValue(helper, expression), "</textarea>")); } private static string GetValue<TModel, TProperty>(HtmlHelper<TModel> helper, Expression<Func<TModel, TProperty>> expression) { MemberExpression body = (MemberExpression)expression.Body; string propertyName = body.Member.Name; TModel model = helper.ViewData.Model; string value = typeof(TModel).GetProperty(propertyName).GetValue(model, null).ToString(); return value; } private static string MemberName<T, V>(this Expression<Func<T, V>> expression) { var memberExpression = expression.Body as MemberExpression; if (memberExpression == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("Expression must be a member expression"); return memberExpression.Member.Name; } Thanks!

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  • Multiple generic parameters on a html helper extension method

    - by WestDiscGolf
    What I'm trying to do is create an extension method for the HtmlHelper to create a specific output and associated details like TextBoxFor<. What I want to do is specify the property from the model class as per TextBoxFor<, then an associated controller action and other parameters. So far the signature of the method looks like: public static MvcHtmlString Create<TModel, TProperty, TController>(this HtmlHelper<TModel> htmlHelper, Expression<Func<TModel, TProperty>> expression, Expression<Action<TController>> action, object htmlAttributes) where TController : Controller where TModel : class The issue occurs when I go to call it. In my view if I call it as per the TextBoxFor without specifying the Model type I am able to specify the lambda expression to set the property which it's for, but when I go to specify the action I am unable to. However, when I specify the controller type Html.Create<HomeController>( ... ) I am unable to specify the model property that the control is to be created for. I want to be able to call it like <%= Html.Create(x => x.Title, controller => controller.action, null) %> I've been hitting my head for a few hours now on this issue over the past day, can anyone point me in the right direction?

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  • Creating a Ruby method that pads an Array

    - by CJ Johnson
    I'm working on creating a method that pads an array, and accepts 1. a desired value and 2. an optional string/integer value. Desired_size reflects the desired number of elements in the array. If a string/integer is passed in as the second value, this value is used to pad the array with extra elements. I understand there is a 'fill' method that can shortcut this - but that would be cheating for the homework I'm doing. The issue: no matter what I do, only the original array is returned. I started here: class Array def pad(desired_size, value = nil) desired_size >= self.length ? return self : (desired_size - self.length).times.do { |x| self << value } end end test_array = [1, 2, 3] test_array.pad(5) From what I researched the issue seemed to be around trying to alter self's array, so I learned about .inject and gave that a whirl: class Array def pad(desired_size, value = nil) if desired_size >= self.length return self else (desired_size - self.length).times.inject { |array, x| array << value } return array end end end test_array = [1, 2, 3] test_array.pad(5) The interwebs tell me the problem might be with any reference to self so I wiped that out altogether: class Array def pad(desired_size, value = nil) array = [] self.each { |x| array << x } if desired_size >= array.length return array else (desired_size - array.length).times.inject { |array, x| array << value } return array end end end test_array = [1, 2, 3] test_array.pad(5) I'm very new to classes and still trying to learn about them. Maybe I'm not even testing them the right way with my test_array? Otherwise, I think the issue is I get the method to recognize the desired_size value that's being passed in. I don't know where to go next. Any advice would be appreciated. Thanks in advance for your time.

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  • Codeigniter: Library function--I'm stuck

    - by Kevin Brown
    I have a library function that sets up my forms, and submits data. They're long, and they work, so I'll spare you reading my code. :) I simply need a way for my functions to determine how to handle the data. Until now, the function did one thing: Submit a report for the current user. NOW, the client has requested that an administrator also be able to complete a form--this means that the form would be filled out, and it would CREATE a user at the same time, whereas the current function EDITS and is accessed by an EXISTING user. Do I need a separate function to do essentially the same thing? How do I make one function perform two tasks? One to update a user, and if there is no user, create one. Current controller: function survey() { $id = $this->session->userdata('id'); $data['member'] = $this->home_model->getUser($id); //Convert the db Object to a row array $data['manager'] = $data['member']->row(); $manager_id = $data['manager']->manager_id; $data['manager'] = $this->home_model->getUser($manager_id); $data['manager'] = $data['manager']->row(); $data['header'] = "Home"; $this->survey_form_processing->survey_form($this->_container,$data, $method); } Current Library: function survey_form($container) { //Lots of validation stuff $this->CI->validation->set_rules($rules); if ( $this->CI->validation->run() === FALSE ) { // Output any errors $this->CI->validation->output_errors(); } else { // Submit form $this->_submit(); } $this->CI->load->view($container,$data); The submit function is huge too. Basically says, "Update table with data where user_id=current user" I hope this wasn't too confusing. I'll create two functions if need be, but I'd like to keep redundancy down! }

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  • Cocos2d: is it good practice to use a shared GameScene when having various levels?

    - by mm24
    In my code (based on the ShootEmUp example in this book, which I highly reccomend, source code in chapter 8 available here) I often use the trick of accessing the GameScene via: +(GameScene*) sharedGameScene; which returns a reference to the static instance of GameScene. Is a static instance of GameScene as in the book still a valid pattern in case I want a MainMenu calling GameScene initialized with different level data each time (e.g. different enemies)? (I have created a sceneWithId:(int) method where I load different level data each time. Or should I pheraps create a GameScene class and then sublcass it? E.g. FirstGameScene : GameScene

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  • Will this static class break in a multi user scenario ?

    - by Perpetualcoder
    Say I make a static class like following with an extension method: public static class MyStaticExtensionClass { private static readonly Dictionary<int, SomeClass> AlgoMgmtDict = new Dictionary<int, SomeClass>(); public static OutputClass ToOutput(this InputClass input) { // clears up the dict // does some kind of transform over the input class // return an OutputClass object } } In a multi user system, will the state management dictionary fail to provide correct values for the transform algorithm? Will a regular class be a better design or shoving the Dictionary inside the method a better design?

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  • Will my LinqToSql execution be deffered if i filter with IEnumerable<T> instead of IQueryable<T>?

    - by cottsak
    I have been using these common EntityObjectFilters as a "pipes and filters" way to query from a collection a particular item with an ID: public static class EntityObjectFilters { public static T WithID<T>(this IQueryable<T> qry, int ID) where T : IEntityObject { return qry.SingleOrDefault<T>(item => item.ID == ID); } public static T WithID<T>(this IList<T> list, int ID) where T : IEntityObject { return list.SingleOrDefault<T>(item => item.ID == ID); } } ..but i wondered to myself: "can i make this simpler by just creating an extension for all IEnumerable<T> types"? So i came up with this: public static class EntityObjectFilters { public static T WithID<T>(this IEnumerable<T> qry, int ID) where T : IEntityObject { return qry.SingleOrDefault<T>(item => item.ID == ID); } } Now while this appears to yield the same result, i want to know that when applied to IQueryable<T>s will the expression tree be passed to LinqToSql for evaluating as SQL code or will my qry be evaluated in it's entirety first, then iterated with Funcs? I'm suspecting that (as per Richard's answer) the latter will be true which is obviously what i don't want. I want the same result, but the added benefit of the delayed SQL execution for IQueryable<T>s. Can someone confirm for me what will actually happen and provide simple explanation as to how it would work?

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  • Creating a method that is simultaneously an instance and class method

    - by Mike Axiak
    In Python, I'd like to be able to create a function that behaves both as a class function and an instance method, but with the ability to change behaviors. The use case for this is for a set of serializable objects and types. As an example: >>> class Thing(object): #... >>> Thing.to_json() 'A' >>> Thing().to_json() 'B' I know that given the definition of classmethod() in funcobject.c in the Python source, this looks like it'd be simple with a C module. Is there a way to do this from within python? Thanks!

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  • PHP Class Question

    - by Jerry
    Hi all I am trying to build a PHP class to check the username and password in MySql. I am getting "mysql_query(): supplied argument is not a valid MySQL-Link resource in D:\2010Portfolio\football\main.php on line 38" database has errors:" message. When I move my userQuery code out of my Class, it works fine. Only if it is inside my Class. I am not sure if the problem is that I don't build the connection to mysql inside my Class or not. Thanks for any helps!! Here is my code <?php $userName=$_POST['userName']; $userPw=$_POST['password']; class checkUsers { public $userName; public $userPw; function checkUsers($userName='', $userPw=''){ $this->userName=$userName; $this->userPw=$userPw; } function check1(){ if (empty($this->userName) || empty($this->userPw)){ $message="<strong>Please Enter Username and Password</strong>"; }else{ //line 38 is next line $userQuery=mysql_query("SELECT userName, userPw FROM user WHERE userName='$this->userName' and userPw='$this->userPw'", $connection); if (!$userQuery){ die("database has errors: ". mysql_error()); } if(mysql_num_rows($userQuery)==0){ $message="Please enter valid username and password"; } }//end empty check return $message; }//end check1 method }//end Class $checkUser=new checkUsers($userName, $userPw); echo $checkUser->check1(); ?> I appreciate any helps!!!!

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  • How to retrieve the file icons and file previews used by windows explorer?

    - by user193655
    I am developing a Delphi documents management application, so somehow I am giving the user some functionality similar to windows explorer. Currently I am using imagelists where I manually maintain the icons (like one for pdf, one for xls, ...) and when I need to display an icon for a filetype that I don't explicitly support I have a generic icon. Is there a way to retrieve the icon used by windows, like MyTImage := GiveMeDefaultIconForExtension('pdf'); In Vista and Seven this should be an icon with multiple resolutions I think. Moreover I would like to know if there is a way to get the preview used by windows explorer. For example windows explorer creates a small thumbnail for a pdf document for example, and displays it when the user chooses to view "big icons". Is there a way to retrieve that preview? MyTImage := GiveMePreviewForFile('C:\Test\File.pdf');

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  • Find a base case for a recursive void method

    - by Evan S
    I am doing homework. I would like to build a base case for a recursion where ordering given numbers (list2) in ascending order. Purpose of writing this codes is that when all numbers are in ascending order then should stop calling a method called ascending(list2, list1); and all values in list2 should be shipped to list1. For instance, list2 = 6,5,4,3,2,1 then list2 becomes empty and list1 should be 1,2,3,4,5,6. I am trying to compare result with previous one and if matches then stop. But I can't find the base case to stop it. In addition, Both ascending() and fixedPoint() are void method. Anybody has idea? lol Took me 3 days... When I run my code then 6,5,4,3,2,1 5,6,4,3,2,1 4,5,6,3,2,1 3,4,5,6,2,1 2,3,4,5,6,1 1,2,3,4,5,6 1,2,3,4,5,6 1,2,3,4,5,6 1,2,3,4,5,6 1,2,3,4,5,6 infinite............. public class Flipper { public static void main(String[] args) { Flipper aFlipper = new Flipper(); List<Integer> content = Arrays.asList(6,5,4,3,2,1); ArrayList<Integer> l1 = new ArrayList<Integer>(content); ArrayList<Integer> l2 = new ArrayList<Integer>(); // empty list aFlipper.fixedPoint(l2,l1); System.out.println("fix l1 is "+l1); System.out.println("fix l2 is "+l2); } public void fixedPoint(ArrayList<Integer> list1, ArrayList<Integer> list2) { // data is in list2 ArrayList<Integer> temp1 = new ArrayList<Integer>(); // empty list if (temp1.equals(list2)) { System.out.println("found!!!"); } else { ascending(list2, list1); // data, null temp1 = list1; // store processed value System.out.println("st list1 is "+list1); System.out.println("st list2 is "+list2); } fixedPoint(list2, list1); // null, processed data }

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  • How to retrieve the file previews used by windows explorer in Windows vista and seven?

    - by user193655
    I am developing a Delphi documents management application, so somehow I am giving the user some functionality similar to windows explorer. I would like to know if there is a way to get the preview used by windows explorer. For example windows explorer creates a small thumbnail for a pdf document for example, and displays it when the user chooses to view "big icons". Is there a way to retrieve that preview? MyTImage := GiveMePreviewForFile('C:\Test\File.pdf');

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  • Call a dynamically generated method on a ILGenerator on the same type

    - by Thiado de Arruda
    Normally, when I want to call a dynamic method in another ILGenerator object that is writing a method on the same type I do the following : generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); // reference to the current object generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldstr, "someArgument"); generator.Emit(OpCodes.Call, methodBuilder); //this methodbuilder is also defined on this dynamic type. However, I faced the following problem: I cant have a reference to the methodbuilder of the method I want to call, because it is generated by another framework(I only get a reference to the current TypeBuilder). This method is defined as protected virtual(and overriden on the methodbuilder I cant get a reference to) in the base class of the current dynamic type and I can get a reference to it by doing this : generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); // reference to the current object generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldstr, "someArgument"); generator.Emit(OpCodes.Call, baseType.GetMethod("SomeMethodDefinedInBaseClassThatWasOverridenInThisDynamicType")); The problem is that this calls the method on the base type and not the overriden method. Is there any way I can get a reference to a methodbuilder only having a reference to the typebuilder that defined it? Or is there a way to call a method using ILGenerator without having to pass the 'MethodInfo' object to it?

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