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• Unwanted Log4J output in a Tomcat app

  - by Bytecode Ninja

  I have the following log4j config setup for my Web app which is being deployed to Tomcat: # Set root logger level to DEBUG and its only appender to A1. log4j.rootLogger=INFO, A1 # A1 is set to be a ConsoleAppender. log4j.appender.A1=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender # A1 uses PatternLayout. log4j.appender.A1.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.A1.layout.ConversionPattern=%m%n log4j.logger.org.hibernate=WARN log4j.logger.org.apache=WARN And it is being picked up by the Log4J as modifying the ConversionPattern affects the logs printed to the console. However there are unwanted and unasked-for logging outputs interleaving my log outputs as it can be seen in the following example: Apr 18, 2010 4:14:55 PM com.acme.web.OpenSessionInViewFilter doFilter INFO: Closing session Apr 18, 2010 4:14:56 PM com.acme.web.OpenSessionInViewFilter doFilter INFO: Entering Apr 18, 2010 4:14:57 PM com.acme.web.OpenSessionInViewFilter doFilter INFO: Commiting transaction Apr 18, 2010 4:14:57 PM com.acme.web.OpenSessionInViewFilter doFilter INFO: Closing session Why are "Apr 18, 2010 4:14:57 PM com.acme.web.OpenSessionInViewFilter doFilter" and other similar log statements printed on the console? Also why are they not formatted according to my Log4J config? Thanks in advance.

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• Things one needs to know while writing a game engine

  - by Joe Barr

  I have been dabbling in game development as a hobby for a while now, and I cannot seam to quite get my games to sparkle at least a bit with some graphics. I have decided to write a simple test game engine that only focuses on the representation of graphics - shapes, textures and surfaces. While I have a few very simple game engines designed for my own games under my belt, I want to create a game engine that I can use to display and play with graphics. I'm going to do this in C++. Since this is my first time with a major engine, the engine in not going to focus on 3D graphics, it's going to be a mixture of isometric and 2D graphics. My previous engines have incorporated (been able to draw) or focused on simple flat (almost 2D) non impressive graphic designs and representations of: the player NPCs objects walls and surfaces textures Also, I had some basic AI and sometimes even sound. They also saved and loaded games. They didn't have a map editor or a level editor. Is this going to be a problem in the future? At this time I have to point out that some of my games didn't get finished because I was to lazy to write the few last levels. My question at this point would be: What are some things one should know if one wants write (develope) a better graphical game engine with all it's functions.

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• Optimized Publish/Subcribe JMS Broker Cluster and Conflicting Posts on StackOverFlow for the Answer

  - by Gene

  Hi, I am looking to build a publish/subscribe distributed messaging framework that can manage huge volumes of message traffic with some intelligence at the broker level. I don't know if there's a topology that describes this, but this is the model I'm going after: EXAMPLE MODEL A A) There are two running message brokers (ideally all on localhost if possible, for easier demo-ing) : Broker-A Broker-B B) Each broker will have 2 listeners and 1 publisher. Example Figure [subscriber A1, subscriber A2, publisher A1] <-- BrokerA <-- BrokerB <-- [publisher B1, subscriber B1, subscriber B2] IF a message-X is published to broker A and there no subscribers for it among the listeners on Broker-B (via criteria in Message Selectors or Broker routing rules), then that message-X will never be published to Broker-B. ELSE, broker A will publish the message to broker B, where one of the broker B listeners/subscribers/services is expecting that message based on the subscription criteria. Is Clustering the Correct Approach? At first, I concluded that the "Broker Clustering" concept is what I needed to support this. However, as I have come to understand it, the typical use of clustering entails either: message redundancy across all brokers ... or Competing Consumers pattern ... and neither of these satisfy the requirement in the EXAMPLE MODEL A. What is the Correct Approach? My question is, does anyone know of a JMS implementation that supports the model I described? I scanned through all the stackoverflow post titles for the search: JMS and Cluster. I found these two informative, but seemingly conflicting posts: Says the EXAMPLE MODEL A is/should-be implicitly supported: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2255816/jms-consumer-with-activemq-network-of-brokers " this means you pick a broker, connect to it, and let the broker network sort it out amongst themselves. In theory." Says the EXAMPLE MODEL A IS NOT suported: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2017520/how-does-a-jms-topic-subscriber-in-a-clustered-application-server-recieve-message "All the instances of PropertiesSubscriber running on different app servers WILL get that message." Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated. Thanks very much for reading my post, Gene

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• Transition from 2D to 3D later in game development

  - by Axarydax

  Hi, I'd like to work on a game, but for rapidly prototyping it, I'd like to keep it as simple as possible, so I'd do everything in top-down 2D in GDI+ and WinForms (hey, I like them!), so I can concentrate on the logic and architecture of the game itself. I thinking about having the whole game logic (server) in one assembly, where the WinForms app would be a client to that game, and if/when the time is right, I'd write a 3D client. I am tempted to use XNA, but I haven't really looked into it, so I don't know if it won't take too much time getting up to speed - I really don't want to spent much time doing other stuff than the game logic, at least while I have the inspiration. But I wouldn't have to abandon everything and transfer to new platform when transitioning from 2D to 3D. Another idea is just to get over it and learn XNA/Unity/SDL/something at least to that level so I can make the same 2D version as I could in GDI+, and I won't have to worry about switching frameworks anymore. Let's just say that the game is the kind where you watch a dude from behind, you run around the gameworld and interact with objects. So the bird's eye perspective could be doable for now. Thanks.

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• Lost Update Anomaly in Sql Server Update Command

  - by Javed

  Hi, I am very much confused. I have a transaction in ReadCommitted Isolation level. Among other things I am also updating a counter value in it, something similar to below: Update tblCount set counter = counter + 1 My application is a desktop application and this transaction happens to occur quite frequently and concurrently. We recently noticed an error that sometimes the counter value doesn't get updated or is missed. We also insert one record on each counter update so we are sure that records have been inserted but somehow counter fails to update. This happens once in 2000 simulaneous transactions. I seriously doubt it is a lost update anomaly I am facing but if you look at the command above, it's just update the counter from its own value: if I have started a transaction and the transaction has reached this statement, it should have locked the row. This should not cause lost update, but it's happening somehow. Is the thing that this update command works in two parts? Like first it reads the counter value (during which it doesn't get the exclusive lock) and then writes the new calculated value (when it does get an exclusive lock)? Please help, I have got really confused.

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• How can a data ellipse be superimposed on a ggplot2 scatterplot?

  - by Radu

  Hi, I have an R function which produces 95% confidence ellipses for scatterplots. The output looks like this, having a default of 50 points for each ellipse (50 rows): [,1] [,2] [1,] 0.097733810 0.044957994 [2,] 0.084433494 0.050337990 [3,] 0.069746783 0.054891438 I would like to superimpose a number of such ellipses for each level of a factor called 'site' on a ggplot2 scatterplot, produced from this command: > plat1 <- ggplot(mapping=aes(shape=site, size=geom), shape=factor(site)); plat1 + geom_point(aes(x=PC1.1,y=PC2.1)) This is run on a dataset, called dflat which looks like this: site geom PC1.1 PC2.1 PC3.1 PC1.2 PC2.2 1 Buhlen 1259.5649 -0.0387975838 -0.022889782 0.01355317 0.008705276 0.02441577 2 Buhlen 653.6607 -0.0009398704 -0.013076251 0.02898955 -0.001345149 0.03133990 The result is fine, but when I try to add the ellipse (let's say for this one site, called "Buhlen"): > plat1 + geom_point(aes(x=PC1.1,y=PC2.1)) + geom_path(data=subset(dflat, site="Buhlen"),mapping=aes(x=ELLI(PC1.1,PC2.1)[,1],y=ELLI(PC1.1,PC2.1)[,2])) I get an error message: "Error in data.frame(x = c(0.0977338099339815, 0.0844334944904515, 0.0697467834016782, : arguments imply differing number of rows: 50, 211 I've managed to fix this in the past, but I cannot remember how. It seems that geom_path is relying on the same points rather than plotting new ones. Any help would be appreciated.

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• Eclipse PDE - Plug-in, Feature, and Product Versioning

  - by Michael

  I am having much confusion over the process of upgrading version numbers in dependent plug-ins, features, and products in a fairly large eclipse workspace. I have made API changes to java code residing in an existing plug-in and thus requires an increase of the Major part of the version identifier. This plug-in serves as a dependency to a given feature, where the feature is later included in a product. From the documentation at http://wiki.eclipse.org/Version_Numbering, I understand (for the most part) when the proper number should be increased on the containing plug-in itself. However, how would this Major version number change on the plug-in affect dependent, "down-the-line" items (e.g., features, products)? For example, assume we have the typical "Hello World" setup as follows: Plug-in: com.example.helloworld, version 1.0.0 Feature: com.example.helloworld.feature, version 1.0.0 Product: com.example.helloworld.product, version 1.0.0 If I were to make an API change in the plug-in, this would require a version update to be that of 2.0.0. What would then be the version of the feature, 1.1.0? The same question can be applied for the product level as well (e.g., if the feature is 1.1.0 OR 2.0.0, what is the product version number)? I'm sure this is quite the newbie question so I apologize for wasting anyone's time and effort. I have searched for this type of content but all I am finding is are examples showing how to develop a plug-in, feature, product, and update site for the first time. The only other content related to my search has been developing feature patches and have not touched on the versioning aspect as much as I would prefer. I am having difficulty coming into (for the first time) an Eclipse RCP / PDE environment and need to learn the proper way and / or best practices for making such versioning updates and how to best reflect this throughout other dependent projects in the workspace.

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• .NET: How do I know if I have an unmanaged resource?

  - by Shiftbit

  I've read that unmanaged resource are considered file handles, streams, anything low level. Does MSDN or any other source explain how to recognize an unmanaged resource? I can't seem to find any examples on the net that show unmanaged code, all the examples just have comments that say unmanaged code here. Can someone perhaps provide a realworld example where I would handle an unmanaged resources in an IDispose interface? I provided the IDisposable interface for your convience. How do I identify an unmanaged resource? Thanks in advance! IDisposable Reference Public Class Sample : Implements IDisposable Private disposedValue As Boolean = False 'To detect redundant calls ' IDisposable Protected Overridable Sub Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean) If Not Me.disposedValue Then If disposing Then ' TODO: free other state (managed objects). End If ' TODO: free your own state (unmanaged objects). ' TODO: set large fields to null. End If Me.disposedValue = True End Sub ' This code added by Visual Basic to correctly implement the disposable pattern. Public Sub Dispose() Implements IDisposable.Dispose ' Do not change this code. Put cleanup code in Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean) above. Dispose(True) GC.SuppressFinalize(Me) End Sub End Class

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• PHP mysqli Insert not working, but not giving any errors.

  - by asdasdas

  As the title says Im trying to do a simple insert, but nothing actually is inserted into the table. I try to print out errors, but nothing is reported. My users table has many more fields than these 4, but they should all default. $query = 'INSERT INTO users (username, password, level, name) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)'; if($stmt = $db -> prepare($query)) { $stmt -> bind_param('ssis', $username, $password, $newlevel, $realname); $stmt -> execute(); $stmt -> close(); echo 'Any Errors: '.$db->error.PHP_EOL; } There are no errors given, but when I go to look at the table in phpmyadmin there is not a new row added. I know for sure that the types are correct (strings and integers). Is there something really wrong here or does it have something to do with the fact that I'm ignoring other columns. I have about 8 columns in the user table.

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• Reference for proper handling of PID file on Unix

  - by bignose

  Where can I find a well-respected reference that details the proper handling of PID files on Unix? On Unix operating systems, it is common practice to “lock” a program (often a daemon) by use of a special lock file: the PID file. This is a file in a predictable location, often ‘/var/run/foo.pid’. The program is supposed to check when it starts up whether the PID file exists and, if the file does exist, exit with an error. So it's a kind of advisory, collaborative locking mechanism. The file contains a single line of text, being the numeric process ID (hence the name “PID file”) of the process that currently holds the lock; this allows an easy way to automate sending a signal to the process that holds the lock. What I can't find is a good reference on expected or “best practice” behaviour for handling PID files. There are various nuances: how to actually lock the file (don't bother? use the kernel? what about platform incompatibilities?), handling stale locks (silently delete them? when to check?), when exactly to acquire and release the lock, and so forth. Where can I find a respected, most-authoritative reference (ideally on the level of W. Richard Stevens) for this small topic?

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• How do I add dynamic htmlAttributes to htmlhelper ActionLinks?

  - by camainc

  In my master page I have a top-level menu that is created using ActionLinks: <ul id="topNav"> <li><%=Html.ActionLink("Home", "Index", "Home")%></li> <li><%=Html.ActionLink("News", "Index", "News")%></li> <li><%=Html.ActionLink("Projects", "Index", "Projects")%></li> <li><%=Html.ActionLink("About", "About", "Home")%></li> <li><%=Html.ActionLink("Contact", "Contact", "Home")%></li> <li><%=Html.ActionLink("Photos", "Photos", "Photos")%></li> </ul> I want to dynamically add a class named "current" to the link that the site is currently pointing to. So, for example, when the site is sitting at the home page, the menu link would render like this: <li><a class="current" href="/">Home</a></li> Do I have to overload the ActionLink method to do this, or create an entirely new HtmlHelper, or is there a better way? I'm fairly new to MVC, so I'm not sure what is the correct way to go about this. Thanks in advance.

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• SEO Friendly URL Rewriter Parameters

  - by Kristen

  I would appreciate you advice on how to incorporate parameters into SEO Friendly URLs We have decided to have the "techie" parameters first, followed by the "SEO Slug" \product\ABC123\fly-your-own-helicopter much like S.O. - if the SEO Slug changes, or is truncated, or missing, we still have the Product and ABC123 parameters; various articles say that having such extra data doesn't harm SEO ranking. We need to have additional parameters; we could use "-" to separate parameters as it makes them look similar to the SEO Slug, or we could/should use something else? \product\ABC123-BOYTOY-2\boys\toys\fly-your-own-helicopter This is product=ABC123, in Category=BOYTOY and Page=2. We also want to keep the hierarchy as flat as possible, and thus I think: \product-ABC123-BOYTOY-2\boys\toys\fly-your-own-helicopter would be better - one level less. We have a number of "zones", e.g. \product-ABC123\seo-slug-for-product \category-BOYTOY\seo-slug-for-category \article-54321\terms-and-conditions it would help us a lot if we could just user our 5 digit Page ID number instead, so these would become \12345-ABC123\seo-slug-for-product \23456-BOYTOY\seo-slug-for-category \54321\terms-and-conditions (Products & Categories have a number of different Page IDs for different templates, this style would take us straight to the right one) I would appreciate your insight into what parameter separators to use, and if the leading techi-data is going work well for us. In case relevant: Classic ASP application on IIS7 + MSSQL2008 Product & Category codes contain A-Z, 0-9, "_" only.

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• Disadvantage of OOP?

  - by Bragaadeesh

  Typically i dont want to know the specifics of the cons of OOPs, but it felt kind of weird when I had an argument at an interview I attended recently. The question that was posted to me was to tell me one disadvantage of OOP (Object Oriented Programming). At that time, I felt OOP to be the most matured level of programming after the procedural/functional models. So I replied to him that I dont see any negatives at all. But the interviewer said there are few and I asked him to list one if he does not mind. He gave an example that I cant digest well, he said that OOP pattern does not strictly implement inheritance rules and cited the satellite/rocket example where the body parts will disintegrate periodically to remove weight during rocket launch and said that inheritance does not support this. His example kind of felt very weird to me the reason being the application of inheritance to this example. Then I left the example aside and I had this doubt - Can we unplug class hierarchies in such a manner (I am kind of confident in Java its not possible) in an ideal Object Oriented Design?

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• Issue with IHttpHandler and relative URLs

  - by vtortola

  Hi, I've developed a IHttpHandler class and I've configured it as verb="*" path="*", so I'm handling all the request with it in an attempt of create my own REST implementation for a test web site that generates the html dynamically. So, when a request for a .css file arrives, I've to do something like context.Response.WriteFile(Server.MapPath(url)) ... same for pictures and so on, I have to response everything myself. My main issue, is when I put relative URLs in the anchors; for example, I have main page with a link like this <a href="page1">Go to Page 1</a> , and in Page 1 I have another link <a href="page2">Go to Page 2</a>. Page 1 and 2 are supposed to be at the same level (http://host/page1 and http://host/page2, but when I click in Go to Page 2, I got this url in the handler: ~/page1/~/page2 ... what is a pain, because I have to do an url = url.SubString(url.LastIndexOf('~')) for clean it, although I feel that there is nothing wrong and this behavior is totally normal. Right now, I can cope with it, but I think that in the future this is gonna bring me some headache. I've tried to set all the links with absolute URLs using the information of context.Request.Url, but it's also a pain :D, so I'd like to know if there is a nicer way to do these kind of things. Don't hesitate in giving me pretty obvious responses because I'm pretty new in web development and probably I'm skipping something basic about URLs, Http and so on. Thanks in advance and kind regards.

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• Why can't the compiler/JVM just make autoboxing "just work"?

  - by Pyrolistical

  Autoboxing is rather scary. While I fully understand the difference between == and .equals I can't but help have the follow bug the hell out of me: final List<Integer> foo = Arrays.asList(1, 1000); final List<Integer> bar = Arrays.asList(1, 1000); System.out.println(foo.get(0) == bar.get(0)); System.out.println(foo.get(1) == bar.get(1)); That prints true false Why did they do it this way? It something to do with cached Integers, but if that is the case why don't they just cache all Integers used by the program? Or why doesn't the JVM always auto unbox to primitive? Printing false false or true true would have been way better. EDIT I disagree about breakage of old code. By having foo.get(0) == bar.get(0) return true you already broke the code. Can't this be solved at the compiler level by replacing Integer with int in byte code (as long as it is never assigned null)

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• Map tiling - What kind of projection?

  - by ikky

  Hi. I've taken a large image and divided it in to square tiles (256x256). It is made for google maps also, so the whole image is divided into z_x_y.png (Depending on zoom level). z=0 = 1x1 tile z=1 = 2x2 tilesthe z=2 = 4x4 tiles My imageMap is "flat" and is not based on a sphere like the worldmap. I'm gonna use this map on a windows mobile app (which has no google API), and all the "points of interests" is inserted into a database by longitude and latitude. And since i have to make this for the windows mobile, i just have XY coordinate system. Is it enough to just use this: MAP_WIDTH = 256*TILES_W; MAP_HEIGHT = 256*TILES_H; function convert(int lat, int lon) { int y = (int)((-1 * lat) + 90) * (MAP_HEIGHT / 180); int x = (int)(lon + 180) * (MAP_WIDTH / 360); ImagePoint p = new ImagePoint(x,y); // An object which holds the coordinates return p; } Or do i need a projection technique? Thanks in advance. Please ask, if something is unclear.

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• Log4net Logging Problem : Very simple file appender logging not working

  - by contactmatt

  Here's my web.config information <configSections> <section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler, log4net"/> </configSections> <log4net> <root> <level value="ALL" /> </root> <appender name="RollingFileAppender" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender"> <file value="c:\temp\log-file.txt" /> <appendToFile value="true" /> <rollingStyle value="Size" /> <maxSizeRollBackups value="10" /> <maximumFileSize value="1MB" /> <staticLogFileName value="true" /> <layout type="log4net.Layout.SimpleLayout" /> </appender> </log4net> ... Here's the code that initalizes the logger protected void SendMessage() { log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator.Configure(); ILog log = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(Contact)); ... log.Info("here we go!"); log.Debug("debug afasf"); ... } it doesn't work, no matter what I seem to do. I am referencing the 'log4net.dll' correctly, and by debugging the application i can see that the log object is getting initiated properly. This is a asp.net 3.5 framework web project. Any ideas/suggestions? I thought originally this error may be due to a file write permission constraint, but that doesn't seem to be the case (or so I think).

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• Submit information to url, but also open PDF

  - by Mad Ducky Digital Branding

  I have a client whose desire is to have her Wordpress blog show a MailChimp form on her home page as a gateway to a .pdf. I need the following behavior to occur when the user clicks "Submit": execute the included MailChimp's javascript file; this ensures the form was properly filled, and then performs the sign-up to the newsletter list (don't need help with this part) then show the user an informational PDF for download or viewing EDIT: The logical order was flipped from when I originally posted this. The script should execute, and only if the script gets executed properly should the PDF show to the user Note: My experience level with HTML and PHP is 3/4, and with JS I am 2/4 EDIT: (seems more like 1/4 at this point lol). If my research is correct, PHP (server-side language) would be used to do that which the client wants. Additional validation is not necessary beyond what MailChimp's script provides (it ensures that user has submitted a completed form) is not necessary in this case (the client says it's ok if the e-mail isn't valid at all). EDIT: Reworded this sentence from original post to be more clear The .pdf URL and content is static, and simply needs to be shown, not generated. ----RESEARCH---- I know that the Mailchimp form uses the following line to actually submit the information, but I want to do the action mentioned below, as well as open the aforementioned .pdf: <form action="http://*BLAH*.us2.list-manage.com/subscribe/post?u=*BLAHBLAH*&amp;id=*BLAHBLAHBLAH*" method="post" id="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" name="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" class="validate" target="_blank"> I am reading on other sites that I can conceivably point "action" to a .php file, but if there is a way to do this with javascript - since its using the .js file that I created for that already anyways, then I would be most happy. Barring that, I'll take what I can get.. ----SOLUTION?---- ...

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• Bad linking in Qt unit test -- missing the link to the moc file?

  - by dwj

  I'm trying to unit test a class that inherits QObject; the class itself is located up one level in my directory structure. When I build the unit test I get the standard unresolved errors if a class' MOC file cannot be found: test.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: virtual void * __thiscall UnitToTest::qt_metacast(char const *)" (?qt_metacast@UnitToTest@@UAEPAXPBD@Z) + 2 missing functions The MOC file is created but appears to not be linking. I've been poking around SO, the web, and Qt's docs for quite a while and have hit a wall. How do I get the unit test to include the MOC file in the link? ==== My project file is dead simple: TEMPLATE = app TARGET = test DESTDIR = . CONFIG += qtestlib INCLUDEPATH += . .. DEPENDPATH += . HEADERS += test.h SOURCES += test.cpp ../UnitToTest.cpp stubs.cpp DEFINES += UNIT_TEST My directory structure and files: C:. | UnitToTest.cpp | UnitToTest.h | \---test | test.cpp (Makefiles removed for clarity) | test.h | test.pro | stubs.cpp | +---debug | UnitToTest.obj | test.obj | test.pdb | moc_test.cpp | moc_test.obj | stubs.obj Edit: Additional information The generated Makefile.Debug shows the moc file missing: SOURCES = test.cpp \ ..\test.cpp \ stubs.cpp debug\moc_test.cpp OBJECTS = debug\test.obj \ debug\UnitToTest.obj \ debug\stubs.obj \ debug\moc_test.obj

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• Question about SQL Server HierarchyID depth-first performance

  - by AndalusianCat

  I am trying to implement hierarchyID in a table (dbo.[Message]) containing roughly 50,000 rows (will grow substantially in the future). However it takes 30-40 seconds to retrieve about 25 results. The root node is a filler in order to provide uniqueness, therefor every subsequent row is a child of that dummy row. I need to be able to traverse the table depth-first and have made the hierarchyID column (dbo.[Message].MessageID) the clustering primary key, have also added a computed smallint (dbo.[Message].Hierarchy) which stores the level of the node. Usage: A .Net application passes through a hierarchyID value into the database and I want to be able to retrieve all (if any) children AND parents of that node (besides the root, as it is filler). A simplified version of the query I am using: @MessageID hierarchyID /* passed in from application */ SELECT m.MessageID, m.MessageComment FROM dbo.[Message] as m WHERE m.Messageid.IsDescendantOf(@MessageID.GetAncestor((@MessageID.GetLevel()-1))) = 1 ORDER BY m.MessageID From what I understand, the index should be detected automatically without a hint. From searching forums I have seen people utilizing index hints, at least in the case of breadth-first indexes, as apparently CLR calls may be opaque to the query optimizer. I have spent the past few days trying to find a solution for this issue, but to no avail. I would greatly appreciate any assistance, and as this is my first post, I apologize in advance if this would be considered a 'noobish' question, I have read the MS documentation and searched countless forums, but have not came across a succinct description of the specific issue.

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• is delete p where p is a pointer to array a memory leak ?

  - by Eli

  following a discussion in a software meeting I setup to find out if deleting an dynamically allocated primitive array with plain delete will cause a memory leak. I have written this tiny program and compiled with visual studio 2008 running on windows XP: #include "stdafx.h" #include "Windows.h" const unsigned long BLOCK_SIZE = 1024*100000; int _tmain() { for (unsigned int i =0; i < 1024*1000; i++) { int* p = new int[1024*100000]; for (int j =0;j<BLOCK_SIZE;j++) p[j]= j % 2; Sleep(1000); delete p; } } I than monitored the memory consumption of my application using task manager, surprisingly the memory was allocated and freed correctly, allocated memory did not steadily increase as was expected I've modified my test program to allocate a non primitive type array : #include "stdafx.h" #include "Windows.h" struct aStruct { aStruct() : i(1), j(0) {} int i; char j; } NonePrimitive; const unsigned long BLOCK_SIZE = 1024*100000; int _tmain() { for (unsigned int i =0; i < 1024*100000; i++) { aStruct* p = new aStruct[1024*100000]; Sleep(1000); delete p; } } after running for for 10 minutes there was no meaningful increase in memory I compiled the project with warning level 4 and got no warnings. is it possible that the visual studio run time keep track of the allocated objects types so there is no different between delete and delete[] in that environment ?

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• Which of these is pythonic? and Pythonic vs. Speed

  - by Kashyap Nadig

  Hi! I'm new to python and just wrote this module level function: def _interval(patt): """ Converts a string pattern of the form '1y 42d 14h56m' to a timedelta object. y - years (365 days), M - months (30 days), w - weeks, d - days, h - hours, m - minutes, s - seconds""" m = _re.findall(r'([+-]?\d*(?:\.\d+)?)([yMwdhms])', patt) args = {'weeks': 0.0, 'days': 0.0, 'hours': 0.0, 'minutes': 0.0, 'seconds': 0.0} for (n,q) in m: if q=='y': args['days'] += float(n)*365 elif q=='M': args['days'] += float(n)*30 elif q=='w': args['weeks'] += float(n) elif q=='d': args['days'] += float(n) elif q=='h': args['hours'] += float(n) elif q=='m': args['minutes'] += float(n) elif q=='s': args['seconds'] += float(n) return _dt.timedelta(**args) My issue is with the for loop here i.e the long if elif block, and was wondering if there is a more pythonic way of doing it. So I re-wrote the function as: def _interval2(patt): m = _re.findall(r'([+-]?\d*(?:\.\d+)?)([yMwdhms])', patt) args = {'weeks': 0.0, 'days': 0.0, 'hours': 0.0, 'minutes': 0.0, 'seconds': 0.0} argsmap = {'y': ('days', lambda x: float(x)*365), 'M': ('days', lambda x: float(x)*30), 'w': ('weeks', lambda x: float(x)), 'd': ('days', lambda x: float(x)), 'h': ('hours', lambda x: float(x)), 'm': ('minutes', lambda x: float(x)), 's': ('seconds', lambda x: float(x))} for (n,q) in m: args[argsmap[q][0]] += argsmap[q][1](n) return _dt.timedelta(**args) I tested the execution times of both the codes using timeit module and found that the second one took about 5-6 seconds longer (for the default number of repeats). So my question is: 1. Which code is considered more pythonic? 2. Is there still a more pythonic was of writing this function? 3. What about the trade-offs between pythonicity and other aspects (like speed in this case) of programming? p.s. I kinda have an OCD for elegant code. EDITED _interval2 after seeing this answer: argsmap = {'y': ('days', 365), 'M': ('days', 30), 'w': ('weeks', 1), 'd': ('days', 1), 'h': ('hours', 1), 'm': ('minutes', 1), 's': ('seconds', 1)} for (n,q) in m: args[argsmap[q][0]] += float(n)*argsmap[q][1]

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• python protobufs - avoid the install step ?

  - by orion elenzil

  i'm writing a small python utility which will be consumed by moderately non-technical users and which needs to interface w/ some protobufs. ideally, i would like the only prerequisites to using this on a local machine to be: have python installed * have an SVN checkout of the repository * run a simple bash script to build the local proto .py definitions * run "python myutility" i'm running into trouble around importing descriptor_pb2.py, tho. i've seen Why do I see "cannot import name descriptor_pb2" error when using Google Protocol Buffers? , but would like to avoid adding the additional prerequisite of having run the proto SDK installer. i've modified the bash script to also generate descriptor_pb2.py in the local heirarchy, which works for the first level of imports from my other _pb2.py files, but it looks like descriptor_pb2.py itself tries to import descriptor_pb2 can't find it: $ python myutility.py Traceback (most recent call last): File "myutility.py", line 4, in <module> import protos.myProto_pb2 File "/myPath/protos/myProto_pb2.py", line 8, in <module> from google.protobuf import descriptor_pb2 File "/myPath/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb2.py", line 8, in <module> from google.protobuf import descriptor_pb2 ImportError: cannot import name descriptor_pb2 my local folder looks like: * myutility.py * google/ * protobuf/ * descriptor.py * descriptor_pb2.py * protos * myProto_ob2.py also, i'm a python n00b, so it's possible i'm overlooking something obvious. tia, orion

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• How do you invoke a python script inside a jar file using python ?

  - by Trevor

  I'm working on an application that intersperses a bunch of jython and java code. Due to the nature of the program (using wsadmin) we are really restricted to Python 2.1 We currently have a jar containing both java source and .py modules. The code is currently invoked using java, but I'd like to remove this in favor of migrating as much functionality as possible to jython. The problem I have is that I want to either import or execute python modules inside the existing jar file from a calling jython script. I've tried a couple of different ways without success. My directory structure looks like: application.jar |-- com |--example |-- action |-- MyAction.class |-- pre_myAction.py The 1st approach I tried was to do imports from the jar. I added the jar to my sys.path and tried to import the module using both import com.example.action.myAction and import myAction. No success however, even when I put init.py files into the directory at each level. The 2nd approach I tried was to load the resource using the java class. So I wrote the below code: import sys import os import com.example.action.MyAction as MyAction scriptName = str(MyAction.getResource('/com/example/action/myAction.py')) scriptStr = MyAction.getResourceAsStream('/com/example/action/myAction.py') try: print execfile(scriptStr) except: print "failed 1" try: print execfile(scriptName) except: print "failed 2" Both of these failed. I'm at a bit of a loss now as to how I should proceed. Any ideas ? cheers, Trevor

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• ASP.NET Chart Control errors in Event Viewer

  - by Richard Reddy

  Hi, I have been using the ASP.NET chart controls for a while on win2k3 (32bit) setups without any issue but have noticed that on our new win2k8 (64bit) box I am getting a warning message showing up in the event viewer from the chart control. In my web.config file I have the following tag telling the Chart Control where I can store the Temp Files: <add key="ChartImageHandler" value="storage=file;timeout=20;dir=c:\TempImageFiles\;" /> Below is the warning message produced by the control: Event code: 3005 Event message: An unhandled exception has occurred. Event time: 10/7/2009 2:40:03 PM Event time (UTC): 10/7/2009 2:40:03 PM Event ID: 237c3b208962429e8bbc5a48ffd177f0 Event sequence: 2860 Event occurrence: 26 Event detail code: 0 Application information: Application domain: /LM/W3SVC/2/ROOT-1-128993655360497729 Trust level: Full Application Virtual Path: / Application Path: C:\data\sites\mydomain.com\ Machine name: 231692-WEB Process information: Process ID: 4068 Process name: w3wp.exe Account name: NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK SERVICE Exception information: Exception type: ArgumentException Exception message: The image is not found. Request information: Request URL: http://www.mydomain.com/ChartImg.axd?i=chart%5F0%5F3.png&g=bccc8aa11abb470980c60e8cf1e71e15 Request path: /ChartImg.axd User host address: my domain ip User: Is authenticated: False Authentication Type: Thread account name: NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK SERVICE Thread information: Thread ID: 7 Thread account name: NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK SERVICE Is impersonating: False Stack trace: at System.Web.UI.DataVisualization.Charting.ChartHttpHandler.ProcessSavedChartImage(HttpContext context) at System.Web.UI.DataVisualization.Charting.ChartHttpHandler.System.Web.IHttpHandler.ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) at System.Web.HttpApplication.CallHandlerExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() at System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) It's worth pointing out that ALL of the chart images are displayed correctly on the screen so I'm not sure when/where the image not found error is being caused. Is this a 64bit issue? Thanks, Rich

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