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  • Two method for linking a object using GCC ?

    - by bluewater
    I've known that I should use -l option for liking objects using GCC. that is gcc -o test test.c -L./ -lmy But I found that "gcc -o test2 test.c libmy.so" is working, too. When I use readelf for those two executable I can't find any difference. Then why people use -l option for linking objects? Does it have any advantage?

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  • Role of linking, object files and executables

    - by Tim
    For a C or assembly program that does not require any other library, will linking be necessary? In other words, will conversion from C to Assembly and/or from Assembly to an object file be enough without being followed by linking? If linking is still needed, what will it do, given that there is just one object file which doesn't need a library to link to? Relatedly, how different are object files and executable files, given that in Linux, both have file format ELF? Are object files those ELF files that are not runnable? Are there some executable files that can be linked to object files? If yes, does it mean dynamical linking of executables to shared libraries?

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  • Why is there no facility to overload static properties in PHP?

    - by Jon
    Intro PHP allows you to overload method calls and property accesses by declaring magic methods in classes. This enables code such as: class Foo { public function __get($name) { return 42; } } $foo = new Foo; echo $foo->missingProperty; // prints "42" Apart from overloading instance properties and methods, since PHP 5.3.0 we can also overload static methods calls by overriding the magic method __callStatic. Something missing What is conspicuously missing from the available functionality is the ability to overload static properties, for example: echo Foo::$missingProperty; // fatal error: access to undeclared static property This limitation is clearly documented: Property overloading only works in object context. These magic methods will not be triggered in static context. Therefore these methods should not be declared static. As of PHP 5.3.0, a warning is issued if one of the magic overloading methods is declared static. But why? My questions are: Is there a technical reason that this functionality is not currently supported? Or perhaps a (shudder) political reason? Have there been any aborted attempts to add this functionality in the past? Most importantly, the question is not "how can I have dynamic static properties in userland PHP?". That said, if you know of an especially cute implementation based on __callStatic that you want to share then by all means do so.

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  • Static DataTable or DataSet in a class - bad idea?

    - by Superbest
    I have several instances of a class. Each instance stores data in a common database. So, I thought "I'll make the DataTable table field static, that way every instance can just add/modify rows to its own table field, but all the data will actually be in one place!" However, apparently it's a bad idea to do use static fields, especially if it's databases: Don't Use "Static" in C#? Is this a bad idea? Will I run into problems later on if I use it? This is a small project so I can accept no testing as a compromise if that is the only drawback. The benefit of using a static database is that there can be many objects of type MyClass, but only one table they all talk to, so a static field seems to be an implementation of exactly this, while keeping syntax concise. I don't see why I shouldn't use a static field (although I wouldn't really know) but if I had to, the best alternative I can think of is creating one DataTable, and passing a reference to it when creating each instance of MyClass, perhaps as a constructor parameter. But is this really an improvement? It seems less intuitive than a static field.

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  • Serving static content with Struts2: Tomcat error 404

    - by Nicolas Raoul
    With Struts2 I can't find a way to serve a static CSS :-/ Newbie question but I could not find any answer on the Internet: The CSS file is static/styles.css in my WAR file. Tomcat replies with 404 when I request http://server/myapp/static/styles.css But it works if I put styles.css at the root of the WAR and request http://server/myapp/styles.css I tried adding the following to my struts.xml in the only package but still 404: <action name="/static/*"> <result>/static/{1}</result> </action> Or as a second package: <package name="static" extends="struts-default" namespace="/static"> <action name="/static/*"> <result>/static/{1}</result> </action> </package>

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  • VirtualBox - Public Static IP for a Debian Guest on a Dedicated Server

    - by user86296
    Goal: I want to run a Debian-squeeze-Guest in VirtualBox and it's own public static ip. I found tons of threads about this topic, but all in all I'm now trying for 10 hours (reading the manual, the forums, trying to learn about networking concepts & commands) to give a Guest his own public static ip (so that the Guest is similar to a vServer you can order from a hosting company), but wasn't able to. Since I'm a big noob as far as networking stuff is concerned, I'm probably doing something wrong.(please bear with me :-) ) Situation: VirtualBox 4.0.10 (headless no gui) is running on a dedicated Debian-Server, the Guest OS is Debian as well. The server has a static ip and I ordered an additional ip for a VM. Problem description: Upto now I was able to use NAT to access the VM from the outside and to setup an internal network between several Guests and all of this worked very well. When setting NIC 1 to bridged and configuring a public static ip on the guest, the guest was unpingable. (neither from outside, nor from the host) I could connect to the guest via the internal network, from another vm, though. ( VBoxManage controlvm VMGuest nic1 bridged eth0 ) ( configuration attempt of static-ip on the guest '/etc/network/interfaces' is below) Please let me know what I'm doing wrong, or what I can try to get it to work, or if you need more info. I think I've read that with a current VirtualBox-version for bridged networking no special host-configuration is necessary, is that accurate, or might that be the problem? Additional Info Info I got from the hosting company about the additional IP Please note that you can use the IP address only for this server. IP: 46.4.xx.xx Gateway: 46.4.xx.xx Mask: 255.255.255.248 VBoxManage showvminfo VMGuest |less ... NIC 1: MAC: 080027D72F7B, Attachment: Bridged Interface 'eth0', Cable connected: on, Trace: off (file: none), Type: 82540EM, Reported speed: 0 Mbps, Boot priority: 0 NIC 2: MAC: 080027B03B75, Attachment: Internal Network 'InternalNet1', Cable connected: on, Trace: off (file: none), Type: Am79C973, Reported speed: 0 Mbps, Boot priority: 0 NIC 3: disabled (...rest is disabled) cat /etc/network/interfaces on the Host-machine # Loopback device: auto lo iface lo inet loopback # device: eth0 auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 46.4.xx.xx broadcast 46.4.xx.xx netmask 255.255.255.224 gateway 46.4.xx.xx post-up mii-tool -F 100baseTx-FD eth0 # default route to access subnet up route add -net 46.4.xx.xx netmask 255.255.255.224 gw 46.4.xx.xx eth0 cat /etc/network/interfaces on the Guest-VM # This file describes the network interfaces available on your system # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5). # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface allow-hotplug eth0 auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 46.4.xx.xx netmask 255.255.255.248 gateway 46.4.xx.xx auto eth1 iface eth1 inet dhcp ifconfig -a on the Guest shows the correct static ip for eth0 but the Guest is unreachable "over eth0" eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:d7:2f:7b inet addr:46.4.xx.xx Bcast:46.4.xx.xx Mask:255.255.255.248 inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fed7:2f7b/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:21 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:69 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:1260 (1.2 KiB) TX bytes:3114 (3.0 KiB) eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:b0:3b:75 inet addr:192.168.10.3 Bcast:192.168.10.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:feb0:3b75/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:142 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:92 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:15962 (15.5 KiB) TX bytes:14540 (14.1 KiB) Interrupt:16 Base address:0xd240 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:123 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:123 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:25156 (24.5 KiB) TX bytes:25156 (24.5 KiB)

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  • dynamic linking:change of the linking path.

    - by benjamin button
    Normally it happens that when ever the path of the library that has to be linked dynamically is defined in LD_LIBRARY_PATH or it it will be mentioned with -L flag while creating the binary. In actual scenario if ,lets say the binary has been built and deployed at the client place. Now if there is a change in the path of one of the dynamic link library path. then we need to supply a new make file to all the clients where the binary was deployed. is there any other method where we need not tell all the clients to change their makefiles and can something can be done in the code itself? if yes...could anybody please suggest how? This was ironically an interview question that was asked to me and i didnot have the answer for it.

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  • C# using consts in static classes

    - by NickLarsen
    I was plugging away on an open source project this past weekend when I ran into a bit of code that confused me to look up the usage in the C# specification. The code in questions is as follows: internal static class SomeStaticClass { private const int CommonlyUsedValue = 42; internal static string UseCommonlyUsedValue(...) { // some code value = CommonlyUsedValue + ...; return value.ToString(); } } I was caught off guard because this appears to be a non static field being used by a static function which some how compiled just fine in a static class! The specification states (§10.4): A constant-declaration may include a set of attributes (§17), a new modifier (§10.3.4), and a valid combination of the four access modifiers (§10.3.5). The attributes and modifiers apply to all of the members declared by the constant-declaration. Even though constants are considered static members, a constant-declaration neither requires nor allows a static modifier. It is an error for the same modifier to appear multiple times in a constant declaration. So now it makes a little more sense because constants are considered static members, but the rest of the sentence is a bit surprising to me. Why is it that a constant-declaration neither requires nor allows a static modifier? Admittedly I did not know the spec well enough for this to immediately make sense in the first place, but why was the decision made to not force constants to use the static modifier if they are considered constants? Looking at the last sentence in that paragraph, I cannot figure out if it is regarding the previous statement directly and there is some implicit static modifier on constants to begin with, or if it stands on its own as another rule for constants. Can anyone help me clear this up?

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  • g++ not linking header files properly

    - by cambr
    I am using cygwin libraries to run C and C++ programs on Windows. gcc runs fine, but with g++, I get a long list of errors. I think these erros are because of linking problems with C libraries. Can you suggest what I need to do to fix this? beginning error lines: In file included from testgpp.cpp:1: /cygdrive/c/cygwin/bin/../lib/gcc/i686-pc-cygwin/3.4.4/include/c++/cstdio:52:19: stdio.h: No such file or directory In file included from testgpp.cpp:1: /cygdrive/c/cygwin/bin/../lib/gcc/i686-pc-cygwin/3.4.4/include/c++/cstdio:99: error: `::FILE' has not been declared /cygdrive/c/cygwin/bin/../lib/gcc/i686-pc-cygwin/3.4.4/include/c++/cstdio:100: error: `::fpos_t' has not been declared /cygdrive/c/cygwin/bin/../lib/gcc/i686-pc-cygwin/3.4.4/include/c++/cstdio:102: error: `::clearerr' has not been declared /cygdrive/c/cygwin/bin/../lib/gcc/i686-pc-cygwin/3.4.4/include/c++/cstdio:103: error: `::fclose' has not been declared /cygdrive/c/cygwin/bin/../lib/gcc/i686-pc-cygwin/3.4.4/include/c++/cstdio:104: error: `::feof' has not been declared the whole error dump: PasteBin

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  • Why some consider static analysis a testing and some do not?

    - by user970696
    Preparing myself also to ISTQB certification, I found they call static analysis actually as a static testing, while some engineering book distinct between static analysis and testing, which is the dynamic activity. I tent to think that static analysis is not a testing in the true sense as it does not test, it checks/verifies. But sure I would love to hear opinion of the true experts here. Thank you

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  • C++ linking issue on Visual Studio 2008 when crosslinking different projects on same solution

    - by Luís Guilherme
    I'm using Google Test Framework to set some unit tests. I have got three projects in my solution: FN (my project) FN_test (my tests) gtest (Google Test Framework) I set FN_test to have FN and gtest as references (dependencies), and then I think I'm ready to set up my tests (I've already set everyone to /MTd (not doing this was leading me to linking errors before)). Particularly, I define a class called Embark in FN I would like to test using FN_test. So far, so good. Thus I write a classe called EmbarkTest using googletest, declare a member Embark* and write inside the constructor: EmbarkTest() { e = new Embark(900,2010); } Then , F7 pressed, I get the following: 1>FN_test.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall Embark::Embark(int,int)" (??0Embark@@QAE@HH@Z) referenced in function "protected: __thiscall EmbarkTest::EmbarkTest(void)" (??0EmbarkTest@@IAE@XZ) 1>D:\Users\lg\Product\code\FN\Debug\FN_test.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 1 unresolved externals Does someone know what have I done wrong and/or what can I do to settle this?

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  • Linking Libraries in Xcode

    - by Dan
    Hey all, I'm using a powerbook (osx 10.5) and recently downloaded and installed FFTW 3.2 (link text). I've been able to compile and run some simple programs based on the online tutorial using the terminal: g++ main.cpp -lfftw3 -lm however, I can't get the same program to compile in Xcode. I get a linking error, "symbol(s) not found". There is a file called libfftw3.a in /usr/local/lib. How can this be linked? Furthermore, apparently the libraries have to be linked in a particular order, i.e. see: link text thanks for any help

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  • Linking javascript BASEDIR

    - by Azzyh
    Hello. So continue from this: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2715295/linking-how-php-html Please check the answer i accepted, and i used the "BASEDIR" solution zneak came with. Now i ran onto another problem.. in my ajax_framework.js i have: $.ajax({url: "session.php", success: function(data){ how should i include BASEDIR onto this? i was thinking something about: $.ajax({url: "'.BASEDIR.'session.php", success: function(data){ but this isnt PHP, so i think you cant? no? any help or maybe another method to come around this?

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  • Call a non static methode in a static SQLiteDatabase class

    - by Fevos
    i want to display a msg to the user (msg box or Toast) when exception happend in a static SQLite Database class that i use. the proplem is that i cant call a non static methode in a static class , how can i handle this. this is the class private static SQLiteDatabase getDatabase(Context aContext) { and i want to add something like this in the class when exception happen but context genertae the problem of reference to non static in static class. Context context = getApplicationContext(); CharSequence text = "Hello toast!"; int duration = Toast.LENGTH_SHORT; Toast toast = Toast.makeText(context, text, duration); toast.show();

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  • Issues with static IP (Ubuntu Server 10.04)

    - by letseatfood
    I am following this tutorial for setting up a testing server for my web development projects. When I attempt setting up a static IP address (using the configuration below), I receive the error "ping: unknown host www.google.com" when I attempt using ping. auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.0.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 network 192.168.0.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255 gateway 192.168.0.1 Ping works fine when the configuration is: auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static I am a novice to server setup and administration.

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  • Nginx: Serve static files out of a given directory - one level too deep

    - by Joe J
    I'm pretty new to nginx configs. I'm having some difficulty with a pretty basic problem. I'd like to host some static files at /doc (index.html, some images, etc). The files are located in a directory called /sites/mysite/proj/doc/. The problem is, is that with the nginx config below, nginx tries to look for a directory called "/sites/mysite/proj/doc/doc". Perhaps this can be fixed by setting the root to /sites/mysite/proj/, but I don't want to potentially expose other (non-static) assets in the proj/ directory. And for various reasons, I can't really move the doc/ directory from where it is. I think there is a way to use a Rewrite rule to solve this situation, but I don't really understand all the parts, so having some difficulty formulating the rule. rewrite ^/doc/(.*)$ /$1 permanent; I've also included a working example of hosting files out of a /sites/mysite/htdocs/static/ directory. > vim locations.conf location /static { root /sites/mysite/htdocs/; access_log off; autoindex on; } location /doc { root /sites/mysite/proj/doc/; access_log on; autoindex on; } 2011/11/19 23:49:00 [error] 2314#0: *42 open() "/sites/mysite/proj/doc/doc" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 100.100.100.100, server: , request: "GET /doc HTTP/1.1", host: "myhost.com" Does anyone have any ideas how I might go about serving this static content? Any help is much appreciated. Thanks, Joe

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  • VMWare Hypervisor vSphere 5 - VM static ip from VLAN NAT

    - by Ian Livingstone
    I have a VMWare vSphere 5 Hypervisor server that has a static ip address assigned to it by VLAN that is configured to perform NAT. The static IP is assigned to the bare metal server via the NIC's mac address. I want to setup a guest machine to also have a static ip address, how can I go about having this setup? I have assigned a IP for the guest's MAC Address but it doesn't seem to be working as when I ping the ip address it does not respond. The guest is running ubuntu 10.04 server edition. I am trying to assign it a static public ip address. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • How to avoid XCode framework weak-linking problems?

    - by Frank R.
    Hi, I'm building an application that takes advantage of Mac OS X 10.6-only technologies, but without giving up backwards compatibility to 10.5 Leopard. The way I do this is by setting the 10.6 SDK as the base SDK, weak-linking all frameworks and setting the deployment target to 10.5 as described in: http://developer.apple.com/mac/library/DOCUMENTATION/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPFrameworks/Concepts/WeakLinking.html This works fine; before making a call that is Snow Leopard-only I need to check that the selector or indeed the class actually exist. Or I can just check the OS version before making the call. The problem is that this is incredibly fragile. If I make a single call that is 10.6 only I blow Leopard-compatibility. So using even the normal code code completion feature can be dangerous. My question: is there any way of checking which calls are not defined on 10.5 before doing a release build? Some kind of static analysis, or even just a trick (a target set the other SDK?) would do. I obviously should test on a Leopard machine before releasing anything, but even so I can't possibly go through all paths of the program before every release. Any advice would be appreciated. Best regards, Frank

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  • Error while linking libvorbisfile.dylib into Mac application

    - by computergeek6
    I'm working on a program that loads sounds from Ogg Vorbis files, but whatever I do, the XCode project just doesn't seem to want to link libvorbisfile.a into my program. I keep getting linking errors: "_ov_read", referenced from: GSound::GSound(GWorld*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >)in GSound.o GSound::GSound(GWorld*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >)in GSound.o "_ov_clear", referenced from: GSound::GSound(GWorld*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >)in GSound.o GSound::GSound(GWorld*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >)in GSound.o "_ov_info", referenced from: GSound::GSound(GWorld*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >)in GSound.o GSound::GSound(GWorld*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >)in GSound.o "_ov_open", referenced from: GSound::GSound(GWorld*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >)in GSound.o GSound::GSound(GWorld*, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >)in GSound.o ld: symbol(s) not found

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  • Linking how PHP/HTML

    - by Azzyh
    Hello. Alright so im done doing pages with frames, and know i splitted up my design to top.php and bottom.php. In top.php it's linking to style.css and ajax_framework.js and such.. Now this works great until i tried to include top.php & bottom.php in videos/index.php (another dirr), i did like this: include "../top.php"; <-- and the originally index.php --> include "../bottom.php"; Now when i enter the site, it wont load style.css, probably because it thinks that style.css needs to be in videos/ directory, same goes with ajax_framework.js that are both files are on the parent ../ directory. Now what do i do? Some method or technique to solve this in a good way? So i dont have to copy style.css and ajax_framework.js into every directory i have, because then later if i want to change something i would need to change in all directories, which would be my last thing i want to do.. hope you got some nice techniques thank you

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  • PHP - static DB class vs DB singleton object

    - by Marco Demaio
    I don't want to create a discussion about singleton better than static or better than global, etc. I read dozens of questions about it on SO, but I couldn't come up with an answer to this SPECIFIC question, so I hope someone could now illuminate me buy answering this question with one (or more) real simple EXAMPLES, and not theoretical discussions. In my app I have the typical DB class needed to perform tasks on DB without having to write everywhere in code mysql_connect/mysql_select_db/mysql... (moreover in future I might decide to use another type of DB engine in place of mySQL so obviously I need a class of abstration). I could write the class either as a static class: class DB { private static $connection = FALSE; //connection to be opened //DB connection values private static $server = NULL; private static $usr = NULL; private static $psw = NULL; private static $name = NULL; public static function init($db_server, $db_usr, $db_psw, $db_name) { //simply stores connections values, withour opening connection } public static function query($query_string) { //performs query over alerady opened connection, if not open, it opens connection 1st } ... } or as a Singletonm class: class DBSingleton { private $inst = NULL; private $connection = FALSE; //connection to be opened //DB connection values private $server = NULL; private $usr = NULL; private $psw = NULL; private $name = NULL; public static function getInstance($db_server, $db_usr, $db_psw, $db_name) { //simply stores connections values, withour opening connection if($inst === NULL) $this->inst = new DBSingleton(); return $this->inst; } private __construct()... public function query($query_string) { //performs query over already opened connection, if connection is not open, it opens connection 1st } ... } Then after in my app if I wanto to query the DB i could do //Performing query using static DB object DB:init(HOST, USR, PSW, DB_NAME); DB::query("SELECT..."); //Performing query using DB singleton $temp = DBSingleton::getInstance(HOST, USR, PSW, DB_NAME); $temp->query("SELECT..."); My simple brain sees Singleton has got the only advantage to avoid declaring as 'static' each method of the class. I'm sure some of you could give me an EXAMPLE of real advantage of singleton in this specific case. Thanks in advance.

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  • java unload static fields

    - by Alina Danila
    I have a java class that uses complex static fields which need special operations as close() so that they are safely cleaned by GC. For the initialization of static fields I use the static block. But I don't now how to unload the static field safely, so that I can call the close() method before the field is cleaned up by GC. Is there any way to unload a static field, similar to the static initialization block?

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  • Accessing non-static combbox property in the static method.

    - by Harikrishna
    I have one combobox on the window form and I have one method which is declared with static like private static DataTable ParseTable(HtmlNode table) Now I want to use combobox in that method for using combobox property but I can not access any property of combobox or combobox itself.If I made the combobox declaration as static then it can be accessed in that static method.But any alternative way to access combbox property in that static method because I don't want to make combobox declaration as static.

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