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  • How to write these two queries for a simple data warehouse, using ANSI SQL?

    - by morpheous
    I am writing a simple data warehouse that will allow me to query the table to observe periodic (say weekly) changes in data, as well as changes in the change of the data (e.g. week to week change in the weekly sale amount). For the purposes of simplicity, I will present very simplified (almost trivialized) versions of the tables I am using here. The sales data table is a view and has the following structure: CREATE TABLE sales_data ( sales_time date NOT NULL, sales_amt double NOT NULL ) For the purpose of this question. I have left out other fields you would expect to see - like product_id, sales_person_id etc, etc, as they have no direct relevance to this question. AFAICT, the only fields that will be used in the query are the sales_time and the sales_amt fields (unless I am mistaken). I also have a date dimension table with the following structure: CREATE TABLE date_dimension ( id integer NOT NULL, datestamp date NOT NULL, day_part integer NOT NULL, week_part integer NOT NULL, month_part integer NOT NULL, qtr_part integer NOT NULL, year_part integer NOT NULL, ); which partition dates into reporting ranges. I need to write queries that will allow me to do the following: Return the change in week on week sales_amt for a specified period. For example the change between sales today and sales N days ago - where N is a positive integer (N == 7 in this case). Return the change in change of sales_amt for a specified period. For in (1). we calculated the week on week change. Now we want to know how that change is differs from the (week on week) change calculated last week. I am stuck however at this point, as SQL is my weakest skill. I would be grateful if an SQL master can explain how I can write these queries in a DB agnostic way (i.e. using ANSI SQL).

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  • C++/Win32 : XP Visual Styles - no controls are showing up?

    - by mrl33t
    Okay, so i'm pretty new to C++ & the Windows API and i'm just writing a small application. I wanted my application to make use of visual styles in both XP, Vista and Windows 7 so I added this line to the top of my code: #pragma comment(linker,"\"/manifestdependency:type='win32' name='Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls' version='6.0.0.0' processorArchitecture='*' publicKeyToken='6595b64144ccf1df' language='*'\"") It seemed to work perfectly on my Windows 7 machine and also Vista machine. But when I tried the application on XP the application wouldn't load any controls (e.g. buttons, labels etc.) - not even messageboxes would display. This image shows a small test application which i've just put together to demonstrate what i'm trying to explain: http://img704.imageshack.us/img704/2250/myapp.png In this test application i'm not using any particularly fancy or complicated code. I've effectively just taken the most basic sample code from the MSDN Library (http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff381409.aspx) and added a section to the WM_CREATE message to create a button: MyBtn = CreateWindow(L"Button", L"My Button", BS_PUSHBUTTON | WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 25, 25, 100, 30, hWnd, NULL, hInst, 0); But I just can't figure out what's going on and why its not working. Any ideas guys? Thank you in advanced. (By the way the application works in XP if i remove the manifest section from the top - obviously without visual styles though. I should also probably mention that the app was built using Visual C++ 2010 Express on a Windows 7 machine - if that makes a difference?)

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  • Qt/C++ Error handling

    - by ShiGon
    I've been doing a lot of research about handling errors with Qt/C++ and I'm still as lost as when I started. Maybe I'm looking for an easy way out (like other languages provide). One, in particular, provides for an unhandled exception which I use religiously. When the program encounters a problem, it throws the unhandled exception so that I can create my own error report. That report gets sent from my customers machine to a server online which I then read later. The problem that I'm having with C++ is that any error handling that's done has to be thought of BEFORE hand (think try/catch or massive conditionals). In my experience, problems in code are not thought of before hand else there wouldn't be a problem to begin with. Writing a cross-platform application without a cross-platform error handling/reporting/trace mechanism is a little scary to me. My question is: Is there any kind of Qt or C++ Specific "catch-all" error trapping mechanism that I can use in my application so that, if something does go wrong I can, at least, write a report before it crashes?

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  • C++ iterator and const_iterator problem for own container class

    - by BaCh
    Hi there, I'm writing an own container class and have run into a problem I can't get my head around. Here's the bare-bone sample that shows the problem. It consists of a container class and two test classes: one test class using a std:vector which compiles nicely and the second test class which tries to use my own container class in exact the same way but fails miserably to compile. #include <vector> #include <algorithm> #include <iterator> using namespace std; template <typename T> class MyContainer { public: class iterator { public: typedef iterator self_type; inline iterator() { } }; class const_iterator { public: typedef const_iterator self_type; inline const_iterator() { } }; iterator begin() { return iterator(); } const_iterator begin() const { return const_iterator(); } }; // This one compiles ok, using std::vector class TestClassVector { public: void test() { vector<int>::const_iterator I=myc.begin(); } private: vector<int> myc; }; // this one fails to compile. Why? class TestClassMyContainer { public: void test(){ MyContainer<int>::const_iterator I=myc.begin(); } private: MyContainer<int> myc; }; int main(int argc, char ** argv) { return 0; } gcc tells me: test2.C: In member function ‘void TestClassMyContainer::test()’: test2.C:51: error: conversion from ‘MyContainer::iterator’ to non-scalar type ‘MyContainer::const_iterator’ requested I'm not sure where and why the compiler wants to convert an iterator to a const_iterator for my own class but not for the STL vector class. What am I doing wrong?

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  • What's so bad about building XML with string concatenation?

    - by wsanville
    In the thread What’s your favorite “programmer ignorance” pet peeve?, the following answer appears, with a large amount of upvotes: Programmers who build XML using string concatenation. My question is, why is building XML via string concatenation (such as a StringBuilder in C#) bad? I've done this several times in the past, as it's sometimes the quickest way for me to get from point A to point B when to comes to the data structures/objects I'm working with. So far, I have come up with a few reasons why this isn't the greatest approach, but is there something I'm overlooking? Why should this be avoided? Probably the biggest reason I can think of is you need to escape your strings manually, and most programmers will forget this. It will work great for them when they test it, but then "randomly" their apps will fail when someone throws an & symbol in their input somewhere. Ok, I'll buy this, but it's really easy to prevent the problem (SecurityElement.Escape to name one). When I do this, I usually omit the XML declaration (i.e. <?xml version="1.0"?>). Is this harmful? Performance penalties? If you stick with proper string concatenation (i.e. StringBuilder), is this anything to be concerned about? Presumably, a class like XmlWriter will also need to do a bit of string manipulation... There are more elegant ways of generating XML, such as using XmlSerializer to automatically serialize/deserialize your classes. Ok sure, I agree. C# has a ton of useful classes for this, but sometimes I don't want to make a class for something really quick, like writing out a log file or something. Is this just me being lazy? If I am doing something "real" this is my preferred approach for dealing w/ XML.

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  • GADTs and Scrap your Boilerplate

    - by finnsson
    I'm writing a XML (de)serializer using Text.XML.Light and Scrap your Boilerplate (at http://github.com/finnsson/Text.XML.Generic) and so far I got working code for "normal" ADTs but I'm stuck at deserializing GADTs. I got the GADT data DataBox where DataBox :: (Show d, Eq d, Data d) => d -> DataBox and I'm trying to get this to compile instance Data DataBox where gfoldl k z (DataBox d) = z DataBox `k` d gunfold k z c = k (z DataBox) -- not OK toConstr (DataBox d) = toConstr d dataTypeOf (DataBox d) = dataTypeOf d but I can't figure out how to implement gunfold for DataBox. The error message is Text/XML/Generic.hs:274:23: Ambiguous type variable `b' in the constraints: `Eq b' arising from a use of `DataBox' at Text/XML/Generic.hs:274:23-29 `Show b' arising from a use of `DataBox' at Text/XML/Generic.hs:274:23-29 `Data b' arising from a use of `k' at Text/XML/Generic.hs:274:18-30 Probable fix: add a type signature that fixes these type variable(s) It's complaining about not being able to figure out the data type of b. I'm also trying to implement dataCast1 and dataCast2 but I think I can live without them (i.e. an incorrect implementation). I guess my questions are: Is it possible to combine GADTs with Scrap your Boilerplate? If so: how do you implement gunfold for a GADT?

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  • Rails Heroku Gemfile.lock error - push rejected (open source)

    - by KJ50
    I am trying to push my open source RoR application to Heroku but I'm having an issue making the initial push. I have read many similar questions, but none of those answers has helped to solve my problem. I have tried bundle update and bundle install various times. I also have tried removing and then re-committing my Gemfile.lock file, however I get this same error still... $ git push heroku master Counting objects: 5199, done. Compressing objects: 100% (3086/3086), done. Writing objects: 100% (5199/5199), 4.57 MiB | 131 KiB/s, done. Total 5199 (delta 3418), reused 3152 (delta 1962) -----> Removing .DS_Store files -----> Ruby app detected -----> Compiling Ruby/NoLockfile ! ! Gemfile.lock required. Please check it in. ! ! Push rejected, failed to compile Ruby app To [email protected]:frozen-springs-4725.git ! [remote rejected] master -> master (pre-receive hook declined) error: failed to push some refs to '[email protected]:frozen-springs-4725.git' Since my application uses MongoDB with MongoMapper, I suspect that I have some configuration incorrect. My code can be found here on Github (I'm currently working on the heroku branch). Feel free to clone our repository and try it yourself. If anyone has any insight which could help me resolve this issue I would be very thankful!

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  • Why does mobile first responsive design tend to not use max-width queries alongside the min-width queries?

    - by Sam
    First off, I understand the basic principles behind mobile first responsive web design, and totally agree with them. But one thing I don't understand: In my experience, not all styles for small screens can be used for the larger version of a website. For example, usually smaller versions tend to have larger clickable areas, hamburger navigation, etc. So I sometimes have to override these specific styles, aside from just progressively enhancing the base styles. So I was wondering: why is max-width rarely mentioned (or used) in the context of mobile-first responsive web design? Because it looks like it could be used to isolate styles for smaller screens that are not useful for larger screens, and would thus prevent unnecessary duplication of code. A quote which mentions min-width as typically mobile-first, but not max-width: Mobile first, from a coding perspective, means that your base style is typically a single-column, fully-fluid layout. You use @media (min-width: whatever) to add a grid-based layout on top of that. from: http://gomakethings.com/mobile-first-and-internet-explorer/ EDIT: So to be more specific: I was wondering if there is a reason to exclude max-width from a mobile-first responsive design (as it seems like it can be useful for writing your css as DRY as possible, as some styles for small screens will not be used for bigger screens).

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  • F# ref-mutable vars vs object fields

    - by rwallace
    I'm writing a parser in F#, and it needs to be as fast as possible (I'm hoping to parse a 100 MB file in less than a minute). As normal, it uses mutable variables to store the next available character and the next available token (i.e. both the lexer and the parser proper use one unit of lookahead). My current partial implementation uses local variables for these. Since closure variables can't be mutable (anyone know the reason for this?) I've declared them as ref: let rec read file includepath = let c = ref ' ' let k = ref NONE let sb = new StringBuilder() use stream = File.OpenText file let readc() = c := stream.Read() |> char // etc I assume this has some overhead (not much, I know, but I'm trying for maximum speed here), and it's a little inelegant. The most obvious alternative would be to create a parser class object and have the mutable variables be fields in it. Does anyone know which is likely to be faster? Is there any consensus on which is considered better/more idiomatic style? Is there another option I'm missing?

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  • Can I detect whether an object has called GC.SuppressFinalize?

    - by Joe White
    Is there a way to detect whether or not an object has called GC.SuppressFinalize? I have an object that looks something like this (full-blown Dispose pattern elided for clarity): public class ResourceWrapper { private readonly bool _ownsResource; private readonly UnmanagedResource _resource; public ResourceWrapper(UnmanagedResource resource, bool ownsResource) { _resource = resource; _ownsResource = ownsResource; if (!ownsResource) GC.SuppressFinalize(this); } ~ResourceWrapper() { if (_ownsResource) // clean up the unmanaged resource } } If the ownsResource constructor parameter is false, then the finalizer will have nothing to do -- so it seems reasonable (if a bit quirky) to call GC.SuppressFinalize right from the constructor. However, because this behavior is quirky, I'm very tempted to note it in an XML doc comment... and if I'm tempted to comment it, then I ought to write a unit test for it. But while System.GC has methods to set an object's finalizability (SuppressFinalize, ReRegisterForFinalize), I don't see any methods to get an object's finalizability. Is there any way to query whether GC.SuppressFinalize has been called on a given instance, short of buying Typemock or writing my own CLR host?

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  • Repeated host lookups failing in urllib2

    - by reve_etrange
    I have code which issues many HTTP GET requests using Python's urllib2, in several threads, writing the responses into files (one per thread). During execution, it looks like many of the host lookups fail (causing a name or service unknown error, see appended error log for an example). Is this due to a flaky DNS service? Is it bad practice to rely on DNS caching, if the host name isn't changing? I.e. should a single lookup's result be passed into the urlopen? Exception in thread Thread-16: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.6/threading.py", line 532, in __bootstrap_inner self.run() File "/home/da/local/bin/ThreadedDownloader.py", line 61, in run page = urllib2.urlopen(url) # get the page File "/usr/lib/python2.6/urllib2.py", line 126, in urlopen return _opener.open(url, data, timeout) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/urllib2.py", line 391, in open response = self._open(req, data) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/urllib2.py", line 409, in _open '_open', req) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/urllib2.py", line 369, in _call_chain result = func(*args) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/urllib2.py", line 1170, in http_open return self.do_open(httplib.HTTPConnection, req) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/urllib2.py", line 1145, in do_open raise URLError(err) URLError: <urlopen error [Errno -2] Name or service not known>

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  • Thread mutex behaviour

    - by Alberteddu
    Hi there, I'm learning C. I'm writing an application with multiple threads; I know that when a variable is shared between two or more threads, it is better to lock/unlock using a mutex to avoid deadlock and inconsistency of variables. This is very clear when I want to change or view one variable. int i = 0; /** Global */ static pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER; /** Thread 1. */ pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex); i++; pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex); /** Thread 2. */ pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex); i++; pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex); This is correct, I think. The variable i, at the end of the executions, contains the integer 2. Anyway, there are some situations in which I don't know exactly where to put the two function calls. For example, suppose you have a function obtain(), which returns a global variable. I need to call that function from within the two threads. I have also two other threads that call the function set(), defined with a few arguments; this function will set the same global variable. The two functions are necessary when you need to do something before getting/setting the var. /** (0) */ /** Thread 1, or 2, or 3... */ if(obtain() == something) { if(obtain() == somethingElse) { // Do this, sometimes obtain() and sometimes set(random number) (1) } else { // Do that, just obtain(). (2) } } else { // Do this and do that (3) // If # of thread * 3 > 10, then set(3*10) For example. (4) } /** (5) */ Where I have to lock, and where I have to unlock? The situation can be, I think, even more complex. I will appreciate an exhaustive answer. Thank you in advance. —Alberto

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  • C++ AI Design Question

    - by disney
    Hi, I am currently writing a bot for a MMORPG. Though, currently I am stuck at trying to figure out how to nicely implement this. The design problem is related to casting the character spells in the correct order. Here is a simple example to what I need to archieve. It's not related to casting them, but doing it in the correct order. I would know how simply cast them randomly, by checking which skill has not yet been casted, but in right order as being shown in the GUI, not really. note: the skill amount may differ, it's not always 3, maximum 10 though. Charactername < foobar has 3 skills. Skill 1: Name ( random1 ) cooldown ( 1000 ms ) cast duration ( 500 ms ) Skill 2: Name ( random2 ) cooldown ( 1500 ms ) cast duration ( 700 ms ) Skill 3: Name ( random3 ) cooldown ( 2000 ms ) cast duration ( 900 ms ) I don't really know how I could implement this, if anyone has some thoughts, feel free to share. I do know that most of the people don't like the idea of cheating in games, I don't like it either, nor I am actually playing the game, but its an interesting field for me. Thank you.

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  • How can I specify processor affinity?

    - by BenAlabaster
    I have an application that's having some trouble handling multi-processor systems. It's not an app that I have a particular affection for modifying and would like to avoid it if possible. However, I'm not above modifying the code if I have to. The application is written in VBA (and hence my inclination to avoid touching it). We've noticed that the application seems to run pretty smoothly if we set the processor affinity to a single processor using task manager, only manifesting instability when processor affinity isn't set. I know that I can specify the processor affinity of a task using .NET and as such, there lies a possibility of me writing a shell application that could be used to run legacy applications with a specified processor affinity, does anyone have any experience with this and can throw out some ideas as to headaches I'm likely to run into with this approach? The other question is: Is it in fact possible to modify the core VBA product to handle its own processor affinity? I've never had to handle this with any of my applications natively so this (at this point in time) is completely outside my realm of expertise. Thanks in advance

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  • Which way to store this data is effective?

    - by Tattat
    I am writing a game, which need a map, and I want to store the map. The first thing I can think of, is using a 2D-array. But the problem is what data should I store in the 2D-array. The player can tap different place to have different reaction. So, I am thinking store a 2D-array with objects, when player click some position, and I find it in the array, and use the object in that array to execute a cmd. But I have a concern that storing lots of object may use lots of memory. So, I am think storing char/int only. But it seems that not enough for me. I want to store the data like that: { Type:1 Color:Green } No matter what color is, if they are all type 1, the have same reactions in logic, but the visual effect is based on the color. So, it is not easy to store using a prue char/int data, unless I make something like this: 1-5 --> all type 1. 1=color green , 2=color red, 3 = color yellow.... ... 6-10 --> all type 2. 2 = color green, 2 = color red ... ... So, do you have any ideas on how to minimize the ram use, but also easy for me to read... ...thx

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  • In need of a Smarter Environmental Package Configuration

    - by Jeremy Liberman
    I am trying to set up a package template in SSIS, following the Wrox Programmer to Programmer book, SQL Server 2008 Integration Services: Problem - Design - Solution. I'm really liking this book even though it is 2008 and we're using SQL Server 2005. I've got a working package template that uses an Indirect XML package configuration to identify what environment (local developer, dev, QA, production, etc) the package is being run in. That locates the SQL Server package configuration for the environment. That set-up is great and all except for the environment variable at the very front of it all. My team would prefer it if the package could use the same environment resource locator as all our other applications and tools use, so we don't two environment markers with essentially the same information in them. Normally we look up a registry key in HKey_Local_Machine but the Registry Package Configuration type only lets you look up the HKey_Current_User registries. My first thought was to write a new Package Configuration Type class that extends the Registry type; after all we'd had such luck writing our own custom log provider. SSIS is super extendable, right? So there doesn't seem to be a way to write your own Package Configuration Types. Is there still some way I can configure my SSIS SQL Server package configuration from a HKLM registry key connection string? If this is not possible, what other workarounds are available? My idea is to write a PowerShell script that will create/modify the Environment Variable that the package will use by fetching the connection string from the registry. This way there's still two markers, but at least then it's automatically maintained and automated. Is this kind of workaround necessary? Thank you for your time.

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  • File IO with Streams - Best Memory Buffer Size

    - by AJ
    I am writing a small IO library to assist with a larger (hobby) project. A part of this library performs various functions on a file, which is read / written via the FileStream object. On each StreamReader.Read(...) pass, I fire off an event which will be used in the main app to display progress information. The processing that goes on in the loop is vaired, but is not too time consuming (it could just be a simple file copy, for example, or may involve encryption...). My main question is: What is the best memory buffer size to use? Thinking about physical disk layouts, I could pick 2k, which would cover a CD sector size and is a nice multiple of a 512 byte hard disk sector. Higher up the abstraction tree, you could go for a larger buffer which could read an entire FAT cluster at a time. I realise with today's PC's, I could go for a more memory hungry option (a couple of MiB, for example), but then I increase the time between UI updates and the user perceives a less responsive app. As an aside, I'm eventually hoping to provide a similar interface to files hosted on FTP / HTTP servers (over a local network / fastish DSL). What would be the best memory buffer size for those (again, a "best-case" tradeoff between perceived responsiveness vs. performance).

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  • How to have an excel addin read rows from a worksheet until no more data?

    - by user169867
    I've started writing a Com addin for Excel 2003 using C#. I'm looking for a code example showing how to read in cell data from the active worksheet. I've seen that you can write code like this: Excel.Range firstCell = ws.get_Range("A1", Type.Missing); Excel.Range lastCell = ws.get_Range("A10", Type.Missing); Excel.Range worksheetCells = ws.get_Range(firstCell, lastCell); to grab a range of cells. What I could use help with is how to read the cell data when you don't know how many rows of data there are. I may be able to determine the starting row that the data will be begin at, but there will be an unkown number of rows of data to read. Could someone provide me w/ an example of how to read rows from the worksheet until you come across a row of empty cells? Also does anyone know how to grab the range of cells the user has selected? Any help would be greatly appreciated. This seems like a powerful dev tool, but I'm having trouble finding detailed documentation to help me learn it :)

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  • Wordpress paths issue

    - by Martin
    I have set a crawler up in wordpress which grabs stocks data and writes to file which when a user enters a symbol/ticker the variable is read and if it matches the data of a previous crawl for that particular companies data will echo the text file on page, if no data is found the crawler then sets off grabs it and writes to file to save for the next time that symbol is used. The problem im having is that everything works groovey apart from one thing, when the content is written to file it saves it in the WP root and not inside a subfolder of the theme, basicaly this means that root becomes untidy very quickly and also should the theme be used on another site then its not practical as some important info is missing. I have tried bloginfo and absolute both return the same failure. This is the code i am using to write to file, like i say it works apart from writing the file into root. <?php $CompDetails = "http://www.devserverurl.com/mattv1/wp-content/themes/stocks/tools/modules/Stock_Quote/company_details/$Symbol.txt"; if (file_exists($CompDetails)) {} else { include ('crawler_file.php'); $html = file_get_html("http://targeturl.com/research/stocks/snapshot/snapshot.asp?ticker=$Symbol:US"); $es = $html->find('div[class="detailsDataContainerLt"]'); $tickerdetails = ("$es[0]"); $FileHandle2 = fopen($CompDetails, 'w') or die("can't open file"); fwrite($FileHandle2, $tickerdetails); fclose($FileHandle2); } ?> edit below, have also tried this and the same happens as above <?php if (file_exists($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . "/wp-content/themes/stocks/tools/modules/Stock_Quote/company_details/$Symbol.txt")) {} else { include ('crawler_file.php'); $html = file_get_html("http://targeturl.com/research/stocks/snapshot/snapshot.asp?ticker=$Symbol:US"); $es = $html->find('div[class="detailsDataContainerLt"]'); $tickerdetails = ("$es[0]"); $FileHandle2 = fopen($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . "/wp-content/themes/stocks/tools/modules/Stock_Quote/company_details/$Symbol.txt", 'w') or die("can't open file"); fwrite($FileHandle2, $tickerdetails); fclose($FileHandle2); } ?>

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  • How expensive is a context switch? Is it better to implement a manual task switch than to rely on OS

    - by Vilx-
    The title says it all. Imagine I have two (three, four, whatever) tasks that have to run in parallel. Now, the easy way to do this would be to create separate threads and forget about it. But on a plain old single-core CPU that would mean a lot of context switching - and we all know that context switching is big, bad, slow, and generally simply Evil. It should be avoided, right? On that note, if I'm writing the software from ground up anyway, I could go the extra mile and implement my own task-switching. Split each task in parts, save the state inbetween, and then switch among them within a single thread. Or, if I detect that there are multiple CPU cores, I could just give each task to a separate thread and all would be well. The second solution does have the advantage of adapting to the number of available CPU cores, but will the manual task-switch really be faster than the one in the OS core? Especially if I'm trying to make the whole thing generic with a TaskManager and an ITask, etc?

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  • Freetype2 (error-)return value documentation

    - by Awaki
    In short, I'm looking for documentation that would limit the error situations to check for after a Freetype library function failed, much like the OpenGL and Win32 APIs document the error codes generated by their respective functions. I can't seem to find such documentation though, so I was wondering how to best handle translation of Freetype errors to typed exceptions. Background: I am currently in the process of implementing font-rendering capability (using Freetype) for my GUI framework, which makes strong use of typed exceptions to indicate error situations. However, the Freetype docs seem to completely omit what errors can be expected from what functions. That, if such documentation does indeed not exist, would basically leave me with two options: either guessing which errors make sense for a certain Freetype function (obviously prone to mistakes on my part), or considering every error code for translation into appropriate exceptions (less verbose since I would have to write the translation only once). Performance isn't really critical in the code that calls the Freetype library, so even the latter option would probably be acceptable, but surely there must be some kind of documentation on which library calls may return what Freetype error? Is there any such documentation which I just somehow managed to not find? Should I go the route of generically expecting every error code for translation? Or are there other ways to approach this problem? By the way, I wanted to avoid introducing some kind of generic FreetypeException (containing a description of the Freetype error) since I intended to completely hide what libraries I'm using (not from a legal point-of-view, mind you), but I guess I can be convinced to do this anyway if the consensus is that it would be the best option. I don't think it matters for this question, but I'm writing in C++.

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  • String comparison in Python: is vs. ==

    - by Coquelicot
    I noticed a Python script I was writing was acting squirrelly, and traced it to an infinite loop, where the loop condition was "while line is not ''". Running through it in the debugger, it turned out that line was in fact ''. When I changed it to != rather than 'is not', it worked fine. I did some searching, and found this question, the top answer to which seemed to be just what I needed. Except the answer it gave was counter to my experience. Specifically, the answerer wrote: For all built-in Python objects (like strings, lists, dicts, functions, etc.), if x is y, then x==y is also True. I double-checked the type of the variable, and it was in fact of type str (not unicode or something). Is his answer just wrong, or is there something else afoot? Also, is it generally considered better to just use '==' by default, even when comparing int or Boolean values? I've always liked to use 'is' because I find it more aesthetically pleasing and pythonic (which is how I fell into this trap...), but I wonder if it's intended to just be reserved for when you care about finding two objects with the same id.

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  • My Rails session is getting reset when I have concurrent requests

    - by alex_c
    I think I might be misunderstanding something about Rails sessions, so please bear with me, I might not be phrasing my question the best way. I'm working on an iPhone app with a Ruby on Rails backend. I have a web view which by default goes to the index action of one controller (and uses sessions), and in the background a bunch of API calls going to a different controller (and which don't need to use sessions). The problem is, the sessions set by my web view seem to be overwitten by the API calls. My staging server is pretty slow, so there's lots of time for the requests to overlap each other - what I see in the logs is basically this: Request A (first controller) starts. Session is empty. Request B (second controller) starts. Session is empty. Request A finishes. Request A has done authentication, and stored the user ID in the session. Session contains user ID. Request B finishes. Session is empty. Request C starts. Session is empty - not what I want. Now, the strange thing is that request B should NOT be writing anything to the session. I do have before and after filters which READ from the session - things like: user = User.find_by_id(session[:id]) or logger.debug session.inspect and if I remove all of those, then everything works as expected - session contents get set by request A, and they're still there when request C starts. So. I think I'm missing something about how sessions work. Why would reading from the session overwrite it? Should I be accessing it some other way? Am I completely on the wrong track and the problem is elsewhere? Thank you for any insights!

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  • How can I use TDD to solve a puzzle with an unknown answer?

    - by matthewsteele
    Recently I wrote a Ruby program to determine solutions to a "Scramble Squares" tile puzzle: I used TDD to implement most of it, leading to tests that looked like this: it "has top, bottom, left, right" do c = Cards.new card = c.cards[0] card.top.should == :CT card.bottom.should == :WB card.left.should == :MT card.right.should == :BT end This worked well for the lower-level "helper" methods: identifying the "sides" of a tile, determining if a tile can be validly placed in the grid, etc. But I ran into a problem when coding the actual algorithm to solve the puzzle. Since I didn't know valid possible solutions to the problem, I didn't know how to write a test first. I ended up writing a pretty ugly, untested, algorithm to solve it: def play_game working_states = [] after_1 = step_1 i = 0 after_1.each do |state_1| step_2(state_1).each do |state_2| step_3(state_2).each do |state_3| step_4(state_3).each do |state_4| step_5(state_4).each do |state_5| step_6(state_5).each do |state_6| step_7(state_6).each do |state_7| step_8(state_7).each do |state_8| step_9(state_8).each do |state_9| working_states << state_9[0] end end end end end end end end end So my question is: how do you use TDD to write a method when you don't already know the valid outputs? If you're interested, the code's on GitHub: Tests: https://github.com/mattdsteele/scramblesquares-solver/blob/master/golf-creator-spec.rb Production code: https://github.com/mattdsteele/scramblesquares-solver/blob/master/game.rb

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  • What is the purpose of the QAbstractButton::checkStateSet() method?

    - by darkadept
    I'm writing my own 4 state button and I'm not quite sure what to put in the checkStateSet() method, if anything. Here is what I've got so far: SyncDirectionButton::SyncDirectionButton(QWidget *parent) : QAbstractButton(parent) { setCheckable(true); setToolTip(tr("Click to change the sync direction")); _state = NoSync; } void SyncDirectionButton::paintEvent(QPaintEvent *e) { static QPixmapCache::Key noneKey; static QPixmapCache::Key bothKey; static QPixmapCache::Key leftKey; static QPixmapCache::Key rightKey; QPainter p(this); QPixmap pix; if (checkState() == SyncLeft) { if (!QPixmapCache::find(leftKey, &pix)) { pix.load(":/icons/sync-left.png"); leftKey = QPixmapCache::insert(pix); } } else if (checkState() == SyncBoth) { if (!QPixmapCache::find(rightKey, &pix)) { pix.load(":/icons/sync-right.png"); rightKey = QPixmapCache::insert(pix); } } else if (checkState() == SyncRight) { if (!QPixmapCache::find(bothKey, &pix)) { pix.load(":/icons/sync-both.png"); bothKey = QPixmapCache::insert(pix); } } else if (checkState() == NoSync) { if (!QPixmapCache::find(noneKey, &pix)) { pix.load(":/icons/application-exit.png"); noneKey = QPixmapCache::insert(pix); } } p.drawPixmap(0,0,pix); } SyncDirectionButton::DirectionState SyncDirectionButton::checkState() const { return _state; } void SyncDirectionButton::setCheckState(DirectionState state) { setChecked(state != NoSync); if (state != _state) { _state = state; } } QSize SyncDirectionButton::sizeHint() const { return QSize(180,90); } void SyncDirectionButton::checkStateSet() { } void SyncDirectionButton::nextCheckState() { setCheckState((DirectionState)((checkState()+1)%4)); }

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