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• Computation overhead in C# - Using getters/setters vs. modifying arrays directly and casting speeds

  - by Jeffrey Kern

  I was going to write a long-winded post, but I'll boil it down here: I'm trying to emulate the graphical old-school style of the NES via XNA. However, my FPS is SLOW, trying to modify 65K pixels per frame. If I just loop through all 65K pixels and set them to some arbitrary color, I get 64FPS. The code I made to look-up what colors should be placed where, I get 1FPS. I think it is because of my object-orented code. Right now, I have things divided into about six classes, with getters/setters. I'm guessing that I'm at least calling 360K getters per frame, which I think is a lot of overhead. Each class contains either/and-or 1D or 2D arrays containing custom enumerations, int, Color, or Vector2D, bytes. What if I combined all of the classes into just one, and accessed the contents of each array directly? The code would look a mess, and ditch the concepts of object-oriented coding, but the speed might be much faster. I'm also not concerned about access violations, as any attempts to get/set the data in the arrays will done in blocks. E.g., all writing to arrays will take place before any data is accessed from them. As for casting, I stated that I'm using custom enumerations, int, Color, and Vector2D, bytes. Which data types are fastest to use and access in the .net Framework, XNA, XBox, C#? I think that constant casting might be a cause of slowdown here. Also, instead of using math to figure out which indexes data should be placed in, I've used precomputed lookup tables so I don't have to use constant multiplication, addition, subtraction, division per frame. :)

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• Uniquely identify files/folders in NTFS, even after move/rename

  - by Felix Dombek

  I haven't found a backup (synchronization) program which does what I want so I'm thinking about writing my own. What I have now does the following: It goes through the data in the source and for every file which has its archive bit set OR does not exist in the destination, copies it to the destination, overwriting a possibly existing file. When done, it checks for all files in the destination if it exists in the source, and if it doesn't, deletes it. The problem is that if I move or rename a large folder, it first gets copied to the destination even though it is in principle already there, just has a different path. Then the folder which was already there is deleted afterwards. Apart from the unnecessary copying, I frequently run into space problems because my backup drive isn't large enough to hold the original data twice. Is there a way to programmatically identify such moved/renamed files or folders, i.e. by NTFS ID or physical location on media or something else? Are there solutions to this problem? I do not care about the programming language, but hints for doing this with Python, C++, C#, Java or Prolog are appreciated.

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• Checking if a file is a directory or just a file.

  - by Jookia

  I'm writing a program to check if something is a file or is a directory. Is there a better way to do it than this? #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <dirent.h> #include <errno.h> int isFile(const char* name) { DIR* directory = opendir(name); if(directory != NULL) { closedir(directory); return 0; } if(errno == ENOTDIR) { return 1; } return -1; } int main(void) { const char* file = "./testFile"; const char* directory = "./"; printf("Is %s a file? %s.\n", file, ((isFile(file) == 1) ? "Yes" : "No")); printf("Is %s a directory? %s.\n", directory, ((isFile(directory) == 0) ? "Yes" : "No")); return 0; }

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• how can i make sure only a single record is inserted when multiple apache threads are trying to acce

  - by Ed Gl

  I have a web service (xmlrpc service to be exact) that handles among other things writing data into the database. Here's the scenario: I often receive requests to either update or insert a record. What I would do is this: If the record already exists, append to the record, If not, create a new record The issue is that there are certain times I would get a 'burst' of requests, which spawns several apache threads to handle the request. These 'bursts' would come within less than milliseconds of each other. I now have several threads performing #1 and #2. Often two threads would would 'pass' number #1 and actually create two duplicate records (except for the primary key). I'd like to use some locking mechanism to prevent other threads from accessing the table while the other thread finishes its work. I'm just afraid of using it because if something happens I don't want to leave the table locked. Is there a solid way of handling this? I'm open to using locks if I can do it properly. Thanks,

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• What is the fastest (possibly unsafe) way to read a byte[]?

  - by Aidiakapi

  I'm working on a server project in C#, and after a TCP message is received, it is parsed, and stored in a byte[] of exact size. (Not a buffer of fixed length, but a byte[] of an absolute length in which all data is stored.) Now for reading this byte[] I'll be creating some wrapper functions (also for compatibility), these are the signatures of all functions I need: public byte ReadByte(); public sbyte ReadSByte(); public short ReadShort(); public ushort ReadUShort(); public int ReadInt(); public uint ReadUInt(); public float ReadFloat(); public double ReadDouble(); public string ReadChars(int length); public string ReadString(); The string is a \0 terminated string, and is probably encoded in ASCII or UTF-8, but I cannot tell that for sure, since I'm not writing the client. The data exists of: byte[] _data; int _offset; Now I can write all those functions manually, like this: public byte ReadByte() { return _data[_offset++]; } public sbyte ReadSByte() { byte r = _data[_offset++]; if (r >= 128) return (sbyte)(r - 256); else return (sbyte)r; } public short ReadShort() { byte b1 = _data[_offset++]; byte b2 = _data[_offset++]; if (b1 >= 128) return (short)(b1 * 256 + b2 - 65536); else return (short)(b1 * 256 + b2); } public short ReadUShort() { byte b1 = _data[_offset++]; return (short)(b1 * 256 + _data[_offset++]); } But I wonder if there's a faster way, not excluding the use of unsafe code, since this seems a little bit too much work for simple processing.

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• How to use interfaces in exception handling

  - by vikp

  Hi, I'm working on the exception handling layer for my application. I have read few articles on interfaces and generics. I have used inheritance before quite a lot and I'm comfortable with in that area. I have a very brief design that I'm going to implement: public interface IMyExceptionLogger { public void LogException(); // Helper methods for writing into files,db, xml } I'm slightly confused what I should be doing next. public class FooClass: IMyExceptionLogger { // Fields // Constructors } Should I implement LogException() method within FooClass? If yes, than I'm struggling to see how I'm better of using an interface instead of the concrete class... I have a variety of classes that will make a use of that interface, but I don't want to write an implementation of that interface within each class. In the same time If I implement an interface in one class, and then use that class in different layers of the application I will be still using concrete classes instead of interfaces, which is a bad OO design... I hope this makes sense. Any feedback and suggestions are welcome. Please notice that I'm not interested in using net4log or its competitors because I'm doing this to learn. Thank you Edit: Wrote some more code. So I will implement variety of loggers with this interface, i.e. DBExceptionLogger, CSVExceptionLogger, XMLExceptionLogger etc. Than I will still end up with concrete classes that I will have to use in different layers of my application.

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• Using Generics to return a literal string or from Dictionary<string, object>

  - by Mike

  I think I outsmarted myself this time. Feel free to edit the title also I could not think of a good one. I am reading from a file and then in that file will be a string because its like an xml file. But in the file will be a literal value or a "command" to get the value from the workContainer so <Email>[email protected]</Email> or <Email>[? MyEmail ?]</Email> What I wanted to do instead of writing ifs all over the place to put it in a generic function so logic is If Container command grab from container else grab string and convert to desired type Its up to the user to ensure the file is ok and the type is correct so another example is so <Answer>3</Answer> or <Answer>[? NumberOfSales ?]</Answer> This is the procedure I started to work on public class WorkContainer:Dictionary<string, object> { public T GetKeyValue<T>(string Parameter) { if (Parameter.StartsWith("[? ")) { string key = Parameter.Replace("[? ", "").Replace(" ?]", ""); if (this.ContainsKey(key)) { return (T)this[key]; } else { // may throw error for value types return default(T); } } else { // Does not Compile if (typeof(T) is string) { return Parameter } // OR return (T)Parameter } } } The Call would be mail.To = container.GetKeyValue<string>("[email protected]"); or mail.To = container.GetKeyValue<string>("[? MyEmail ?]"); int answer = container.GetKeyValue<int>("3"); or answer = container.GetKeyValue<int>("[? NumberOfSales ?]"); But it does not compile?

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• How to avoid geometric slowdown with large Linq transactions?

  - by Shaul

  I've written some really nice, funky libraries for use in LinqToSql. (Some day when I have time to think about it I might make it open source... :) ) Anyway, I'm not sure if this is related to my libraries or not, but I've discovered that when I have a large number of changed objects in one transaction, and then call DataContext.GetChangeSet(), things start getting reaalllly slooowwwww. When I break into the code, I find that my program is spinning its wheels doing an awful lot of Equals() comparisons between the objects in the change set. I can't guarantee this is true, but I suspect that if there are n objects in the change set, then the call to GetChangeSet() is causing every object to be compared to every other object for equivalence, i.e. at best (n^2-n)/2 calls to Equals()... Yes, of course I could commit each object separately, but that kinda defeats the purpose of transactions. And in the program I'm writing, I could have a batch job containing 100,000 separate items, that all need to be committed together. Around 5 billion comparisons there. So the question is: (1) is my assessment of the situation correct? Do you get this behavior in pure, textbook LinqToSql, or is this something my libraries are doing? And (2) is there a standard/reasonable workaround so that I can create my batch without making the program geometrically slower with every extra object in the change set?

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• How to limit TCP writes to particular size and then block untlil the data is read

  - by ustulation

  {Qt 4.7.0 , VS 2010} I have a Server written in Qt and a 3rd party client executable. Qt based server uses QTcpServer and QTcpSocket facilities (non-blocking). Going through the articles on TCP I understand the following: the original implementation of TCP mentioned the negotiable window size to be a 16-bit value, thus maximum being 65535 bytes. But implementations often used the RFC window-scale-extension that allows the sliding window size to be scalable by bit-shifting to yield a maximum of 1 gigabyte. This is implementation defined. This could have resulted in majorly different window sizes on receiver and sender end as the server uses Qt facilities without hardcoding any window size limit. Client 1st asks for all information it can based on the previous messages from the server before handling the new (accumulating) incoming messages. So at some point Server receives a lot of messages each asking for data of several MB's. This the server processes and puts it into the sender buffer. Client however is unable to handle the messages at the same pace and it seems that client’s receiver buffer is far smaller (65535 bytes maybe) than sender’s transmit window size. The messages thus get accumulated at sender’s end until the sender’s buffer is full too after which the TCP writes on sender would block. This however does not happen as sender buffer is much larger. Hence this manifests as increase in memory consumption on the sender’s end. To prevent this from happening, I used Qt’s socket’s waitForBytesWritten() with timeout set to -1 for infinite waiting period. This as I see from the behaviour blocks the thread writing TCP data until the data has actually been sensed by the receiver’s window (which will happen when earlier messages have been processed by the client at application level). This has caused memory consumption at Server end to be almost negligible. is there a better alternative to this (in Qt) if i want to restrict the memory consumption at server end to say x MB's? Also please point out if any of my understandings is incorrect.

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• Is NFS capable of preserving order of operations?

  - by JustJeff

  I have a diskless host 'A', that has a directory NFS mounted on server 'B'. A process on A writes to two files F1 and F2 in that directory, and a process on B monitors these files for changes. Assume that B polls for changes faster than A is expected to make them. Process A seeks the head of the files, writes data, and flushes. Process B seeks the head of the files and does reads. Are there any guarantees about how the order of the changes performed by A will be detected at B? Specifically, if A alternately writes to one file, and then the other, is it reasonable to expect that B will notice alternating changes to F1 and F2? Or could B conceivably detect a series of changes on F1 and then a series on F2? I know there are a lot of assumptions embedded in the question. For instance, I am virtually certain that, even operating on just one file, if A performs 100 operations on the file, B may see a smaller number of changes that give the same result, due to NFS caching some of the actions on A before they are communicated to B. And of course there would be issues with concurrent file access even if NFS weren't involved and both the reading and the writing process were running on the same real file system. The reason I'm even putting the question up here is that it seems like most of the time, the setup described above does detect the changes at B in the same order they are made at A, but that occasionally some events come through in transposed order. So, is it worth trying to make this work? Is there some way to tune NFS to make it work, perhaps cache settings or something? Or is fine-grained behavior like this just too much expect from NFS?

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• At what point is it worth using a database?

  - by radix07

  I have a question relating to databases and at what point is worth diving into one. I am primarily an embedded engineer, but I am writing an application using QT to interface with our controller. We are at an odd point where we have enough data that it would be feasible to implement a database (around 700+ items and growing) to manage everything, but I am not sure it is worth the time right now to deal with. I have no problems implementing the GUI with files generated from excel and parsed in, but it gets tedious and hard to track even with VBA scripts. I have been playing around with converting our data into something more manageable for the application side with Microsoft Access and that seems to be working well. If that works out I am only a step (or several) away from using an SQL database and using the QT library to access and modify it. I don't have much experience managing data at this level and am curious what may be the best way to approach this. So what are some of the real benefits of using a database if any in this case? I realize much of this can be very application specific, but some general ideas and suggestions on how to straddle the embedded/application programming line would be helpful. Thanks

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• Deterministic floating point and .NET

  - by code2code

  How can I guarantee that floating point calculations in a .NET application (say in C#) always produce the same bit-exact result? Especially when using different versions of .NET and running on different platforms (x86 vs x86_64). Inaccuracies of floating point operations do not matter. In Java I'd use strictfp. In C/C++ and other low level languages this problem is essentially solved by accessing the FPU / SSE control registers but that's probably not possible in .NET. Even with control of the FPU control register the JIT of .NET will generate different code on different platforms. Something like HotSpot would be even worse in this case... Why do I need it? I'm thinking about writing a real-time strategy (RTS) game which heavily depends on fast floating point math together with a lock stepped simulation. Essentially I will only transmit user input across the network. This also applies to other games which implement replays by storing the user input. Not an option are: decimals (too slow) fixed point values (too slow and cumbersome when using sqrt, sin, cos, tan, atan...) update state across the network like an FPS: Sending position information for hundreds or a few thousand units is not an option Any ideas?

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• Animate screen while loading textures

  - by Omega

  My RPG-like game has random battles. When the player enters a random battle, it is necessary for my game to load the textures used within that battle (animated monsters, animations, etc). The textures are quite a lot, and rather big (the battles are very graphical intensive). Such process consumes significant time. And while it is loading, the whole screen freezes. The game's map freezes, and the wait time is significant - I personally find it annoying. I can't afford to preload the textures because, after doing some math, I realized: If I preload all the textures at the beginning of the game, the application will definitely crash. If I preload the textures that are used in a specific map when the player enters the map, the application is very likely to crash as well. I can only afford to load the textures when I need them, and dispose of them as soon as the battle ends. I'd prefer to not use a "loading screen" image because it affects my game's design and concept. I want to avoid this approach. If I could do some kind of animation while loading the textures, it would be great, which leads to my question: is that possible? What kind of animation, you ask? Well, how about... you remember when Final Fantasy used to distort the screen while apparently loading the textures? Something like that. But well, distorting is quite a time-consuming process as well, so maybe just a cool frame-by-frame animation or something. While writing this, I realized that I could make small pauses between textures (there are multiple textures), and during such pauses, I update the screen to represent the animation's state. However, this is very unlikely to happen, because each texture is 2048x2048, so the animation would be refreshed at a rather laggy (and annoying) rate. I'd prefer to avoid this as well.

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• SQL developer here -- Nesting with select * finicky in Oracle 10g?

  - by John Sullivan

  I am writing a simple diagnostic query I will execute in my Oracle 10g scratchpad. I am trying to do this as part of a step to build the query. In the SQL Scratchpad for Oracle 10g Enterprise Manager Console, this statement runs fine. SELECT * FROM v$session sess, v$sql sql WHERE sql.sql_id(+) = sess.sql_id and sql.sql_text <> ' ' If I try to wrap that up in Select * from () tb2 I get an error, "ORA-00918: Column Ambiguously Defined". I didn't think that could ever happen with this kind of statement so I am a bit confused. select * from (SELECT * FROM v$session sess, v$sql sql WHERE sql.sql_id(+) = sess.sql_id and sql.sql_text <> ' ') tb2 You should always be able to select * from the result set of another select * statement using this structure as far as I'm aware... right? Is Oracle/10g/the scratchpad trying to force me to accept a certain syntactic structure to prevent excessive nesting? Is this a bug in scratchpad or something about how oracle works?

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• Why is there so much XML in Java these days?

  - by BD at Rivenhill

  This is really more of a philosophy/design issue. I did some work in Java back in the middle 90's and again in the early 2000's and now I'm coming back to it after spending a lot of time in C/C++ and it seems like there was an explosion of XML dependency while I was gone. Major build system tools like ant and maven depend on XML for their configuration, but I'm actually more concerned with all the frameworks, such as Spring, Hibernate, etc. My experience is that powerful supporting libraries like these are where a developer can really get leverage for building programs with lots of features without writing a lot of code, but it really seems like I'm getting one language for the price of two here. I write a bunch of Java classes, but then I also write a bunch of XML files to glue them together. The things that get done in the XML are things that I can see reasonable ways of doing in straight code without the middleman, and they don't really seem to be treated exactly like configuration files: they change rarely and they end up getting committed to source code control like the Java code itself, but they are distributed with the resulting application and need to be unpacked and installed in the classpath in order to get the application to work. I'm working with server applications that are not web-based, so maybe the domain is a bit different from what most people are doing, but I just can't help feeling that I must be doing something wrong here. Can someone point me to a good source of information for why these design choices were made and what problems they are meant to solve so that I can analyze my own experiences in this context?

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• C# Convert string to nullable type (int, double, etc...)

  - by Nathan Koop

  I am attempting to do some data conversion. Unfortunately, much of the data is in strings, where it should be int's or double, etc... So what I've got is something like: double? amount = Convert.ToDouble(strAmount); The problem with this approach is if strAmount is empty, if it's empty I want it to amount to be null, so when I add it into the database the column will be null. So I ended up writing this: double? amount = null; if(strAmount.Trim().Length>0) { amount = Convert.ToDouble(strAmount); } Now this works fine, but I now have five lines of code instead of one. This makes things a little more difficult to read, especially when I have a large amount of columns to convert. I thought I'd use an extension to the string class and generic's to pass in the type, this is because it could be a double, or an int, or a long. So I tried this: public static class GenericExtension { public static Nullable<T> ConvertToNullable<T>(this string s, T type) where T: struct { if (s.Trim().Length > 0) { return (Nullable<T>)s; } return null; } } But I get the error: Cannot convert type 'string' to 'T?' Is there a way around this? I am not very familiar with creating methods using generics.

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• Small openmp programm freezes sometimes (gcc, c, linux)

  - by osgx

  Hello Just write a small omp test, and it does not work correctly all the times: #include <omp.h> int main() { int i,j=0; #pragma omp parallel for(i=0;i<1000;i++) { #pragma omp barrier j+= j^i; } return j; } The usage of j for writing from all threads is incorrect in this example, BUT there must be only nondeterministic value of j I have a freeze. Compiled with gcc-4.3.1 -fopenmp a.c -o gcc -static Run on 4-core x86_Core2 Linux server: $ ./gcc and got freeze (sometimes; like 1 freeze for 4-5 fast runs). Strace: [pid 13118] <... futex resumed> ) = 0 [pid 13118] futex(0x80d3014, FUTEX_WAIT, 2, NULL <unfinished ...> [pid 13120] <... futex resumed> ) = 0 [pid 13119] futex(0x80d3014, FUTEX_WAIT, 2, NULL <unfinished ...> [pid 13120] futex(0x80d3014, FUTEX_WAKE, 1) = 1 [pid 13120] futex(0x80cd798, FUTEX_WAIT, 1, NULL <unfinished ...> [pid 13109] <... futex resumed> ) = 0 [pid 13109] futex(0x80d3014, FUTEX_WAKE, 1) = 1 [pid 13109] futex(0x80d3020, FUTEX_WAIT, 251, NULL <unfinished ...> [pid 13118] <... futex resumed> ) = 0 [pid 13118] futex(0x80d3014, FUTEX_WAKE, 1) = 1 [pid 13119] <... futex resumed> ) = 0 [pid 13118] futex(0x80d3020, FUTEX_WAIT, 251, NULL <unfinished ...> [pid 13119] futex(0x80d3014, FUTEX_WAKE, 1) = 0 [pid 13119] futex(0x80d3020, FUTEX_WAIT, 251, NULL <freeze> Why do I have a freeze (deadlock)?

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• Detect Application Shutdown in C# NET?

  - by Michael Pfiffer

  I am writing a small console application (will be ran as a service) that basically starts a Java app when it is running, shuts itself down if the Java app closes, and shuts down the Java app if it closes. I think I have the first two working properly, but I don't know how to detect when the .NET application is shutting down so that I can shutdown the Java app prior to that happening. Google search just returns a bunch of stuff about detecting Windows shutting down. Can anyone tell me how I can handle that part and if the rest looks fine? namespace MinecraftDaemon { class Program { public static void LaunchMinecraft(String file, String memoryValue) { String memParams = "-Xmx" + memoryValue + "M" + " -Xms" + memoryValue + "M "; String args = memParams + "-jar " + file + " nogui"; ProcessStartInfo processInfo = new ProcessStartInfo("java.exe", args); processInfo.CreateNoWindow = true; processInfo.UseShellExecute = false; try { using (Process minecraftProcess = Process.Start(processInfo)) { minecraftProcess.WaitForExit(); } } catch { // Log Error } } static void Main(string[] args) { Arguments CommandLine = new Arguments(args); if (CommandLine["file"] != null && CommandLine["memory"] != null) { // Launch the Application LaunchMinecraft(CommandLine["file"], CommandLine["memory"]); } else { LaunchMinecraft("minecraft_server.jar", "1024"); } } } }

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• Why is a non-blocking TCP connect() occasionally so slow on Linux?

  - by pts

  I was trying to measure the speed of a TCP server I'm writing, and I've noticed that there might be a fundamental problem of measuring the speed of the connect() calls: if I connect in a non-blocking way, connect() operations become very slow after a few seconds. Here is the example code in Python: #! /usr/bin/python2.4 import errno import os import select import socket import sys def NonBlockingConnect(sock, addr): while True: try: return sock.connect(addr) except socket.error, e: if e.args[0] not in (errno.EINPROGRESS, errno.EALREADY): raise os.write(2, '^') if not select.select((), (sock,), (), 0.5)[1]: os.write(2, 'P') def InfiniteClient(addr): while True: sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM, 0) sock.setblocking(0) sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) # sock.connect(addr) NonBlockingConnect(sock, addr) sock.close() os.write(2, '.') def InfiniteServer(server_socket): while True: sock, addr = server_socket.accept() sock.close() server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM, 0) server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) server_socket.bind(('127.0.0.1', 45454)) server_socket.listen(128) if os.fork(): # Parent. InfiniteServer(server_socket) else: addr = server_socket.getsockname() server_socket.close() InfiniteClient(addr) With NonBlockingConnect, most connect() operations are fast, but in every few seconds there happens to be one connect() operation which takes at least 2 seconds (as indicated by 5 consecutive P letters on the output). By using sock.connect instead of NonBlockingConnect all connect operations seem to be fast. How is it possible to get rid of these slow connect()s? I'm running Ubuntu Karmic desktop with the standard PAE kernel: Linux narancs 2.6.31-20-generic-pae #57-Ubuntu SMP Mon Feb 8 10:23:59 UTC 2010 i686 GNU/Linux

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• VBA does not run Powerpoint

  - by user1557188

  This is very frustrating, first lines of programming Powerpoint VBA after a long while .... Please help this is killing me Writing a small sub connecting to an action using name test Sub test() MSGBOX "this is a test " end sub I placed this in a module I just created and it works I copy the same test in named as a module and it does not work any more .... I'm trying to make PPT connect to events to do things on a per slide basis ..... using google.... this worked a few times ... but now nothing works any more. The simple test above fails since I renamed the module. As I further change the second routine to test1() ipv test None of the macros can be executed any more (module1 NOT CHNANGED) Module NAME..... contains the same code, except test1() ipv test. ... now all macro processing stops the color of text changes (as is clicked on it) but nothing gets obviously executed. Are things that unstable recenty in VBA for powerpoint 2010 how did I run: connect to empty slide using 3 lines test 1 test 2 test 3 on each of the lines I defined an action for each in different modules run: Go into slide show and on the first slide just click.... color changes but nothing happens any more Saved all closed restarted .... simply refuses except on first created pptm

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• Reason for socket.error

  - by August Flanagan

  Hi, I am a complete newbie when it comes to python, and programming in general. I've been working on a little webapp for the past few weeks trying to improve my coding chops. A few days ago my laptop was stolen so I went out and got a new MacBook Pro. Thank God I had everything under subversion control. The problem is now that I am on my new machine a script that I was running has stopped working and I have no idea why. This is really the only part of what I have been writing that I borrowed heavily for existing scripts. It is from the widely available whois.py script and I have only slightly modified it as follows (see below). It was running fine on my old system (running ubuntu), but now the socket.error is being raised. I'm completely lost on this, and would really appreciate any help. Thanks! def is_available(domainname, whoisserver="whois.verisign-grs.com", cache=0): if whoisserver is None: whoisserver = "whois.networksolutions.com" s = None while s == None: try: s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.setblocking(0) try: s.connect((whoisserver, 43)) except socket.error, (ecode, reason): if ecode in (115, 150): pass else: raise socket.error, (ecode, reason) ret = select.select([s], [s], [], 30) if len(ret[1])== 0 and len(ret[0]) == 0: s.close() raise TimedOut, "on connect " s.setblocking(1) except socket.error, (ecode, reason): print ecode, reason time.sleep(1) s = None s.send("%s \n\n" % domainname) page = "" while 1: data = s.recv(8196) if not data: break page = page + data s.close()

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• Using a variable in a mysql query, in a C++ MFC program.

  - by D.Gaughan

  Hi, after extensive trawling of the internet I still havent found any solution for this problem. I`m writing a small C++ app that connects to an online database and outputs the data in a listbox. I need to enable a search function using an edit box, but I cant get the query to work while using a variable. My code is: res = mysql_perform_query (conn, "select distinct artist from Artists"); //res = mysql_perform_query (conn, "select album from Artists where artist = ' ' "); while((row = mysql_fetch_row(res)) != NULL){ CString str; UpdateData(); str = ("%s\n", row[0]); UpdateData(FALSE); m_list_control.AddString(str); } the first "res = " line is working fine, but I need the second one to work. I have a member variable m_search_edit set up for the edit box, but any way I try to include it in the sql statement causes errors. eg. res = mysql_perform_query (conn, "select album from Artists where artist = '"+m_search_edit+" ' "); causes this error: error C2664: 'mysql_perform_query' : cannot convert parameter 2 from 'class CString' to 'char *' No user-defined-conversion operator available that can perform this conversion, or the operator cannot be called" And when I convert m_search_edit to a char* it gives me a " Cannot add 2 pointers" error. Any way around this???

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• How to mock/stub a directory of files and their contents using RSpec?

  - by John Topley

  A while ago I asked "How to test obtaining a list of files within a directory using RSpec?" and although I got a couple of useful answers, I'm still stuck, hence a new question with some more detail about what I'm trying to do. I'm writing my first RubyGem. It has a module that contains a class method that returns an array containing a list of non-hidden files within a specified directory. Like this: files = Foo.bar :directory => './public' The array also contains an element that represents metadata about the files. This is actually a hash of hashes generated from the contents of the files, the idea being that changing even a single file changes the hash. I've written my pending RSpec examples, but I really have no idea how to implement them: it "should compute a hash of the files within the specified directory" it "shouldn't include hidden files or directories within the specified directory" it "should compute a different hash if the content of a file changes" I really don't want to have the tests dependent on real files acting as fixtures. How can I mock or stub the files and their contents? The gem implementation will use Find.find, but as one of the answers to my other question said, I don't need to test the library. I really have no idea how to write these specs, so any help much appreciated!

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• Cast base class object to derived class

  - by Popgalop

  Lets say I have two classes, animal and dog like this. class Animal { }; class Dog : public Animal { }; And I have an animal object named animal, that is actually an instance of dog, how would I cast it back to dog? This may seem like an odd question, but I need it because I am writing a programming language interpreter, and on the stack everything is stored as a BaseObject, and all the other datatypes extend BaseObject. How would I cast the base object from the stack, to a specific data type? I have tried something like this Dog dog = static_cast<Dog>(animal); But it gives me an error 1>------ Build started: Project: StackTests, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------ 1> StackTests.cpp 1>c:\users\owner\documents\visual studio 2012\projects\stacktests\stacktests\stacktests.cpp(173): error C2440: 'static_cast' : cannot convert from 'Animal' to 'Dog' 1> No constructor could take the source type, or constructor overload resolution was ambiguous 1>c:\users\owner\documents\visual studio 2012\projects\stacktests\stacktests\stacktests.cpp(173): error C2512: 'Dog' : no appropriate default constructor available ========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========

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• When destroying one record, another one gets destroyed

  - by normalocity

  Products (like an iPod Classic) :has_many = :listings, :dependent = :destroy Listings (like "My name is Joe, and I have an iPod for sale) :belongs_to = :product So, if I delete a given Product, all the listings that point to it get deleted. That makes sense, and is by design. However, I am writing a "merge" function, where you merge two Products into one, and combine their Listings. So, let's say my two products are "iPod Color" and "iPod Classic", and I want to merge the two. What I want to do is say, "iPod Color, merge into iPod Classic", and result should be that: All the iPod Color Listings are re-pointed to the iPod Classic product After the product_id change, the Listing(s) are saved I then delete the "iPod Color" product Well, that should all work fine, without deleting any Listings. However, I've got this controller, and for whatever reason when I destroy the "iPod Color" Product, even after confirming that the Listings have been moved to "iPod Classic" and saved to the database, the Listings that were previously pointed to "iPod Color" get destroyed as well, and I can't figure out why. It's as if they are retaining some kind of link to the destroyed product, and therefore begin destroyed themselves. What painfully obvious thing am I missing? def merge merging_from = Product.find(params[:id]) merging_to = Product.find_by_model(params[:merging_to]) unless merging_to.nil? unless merging_from.nil? unless merging_from == merging_to # you don't want to merge something with itself merging_from.listings.each do |l| l.product = merging_to l.save end # through some debugging, I've confirmed that my missing Listings are disappearing as a result of the following destroy call merging_from.destroy end end end

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